antenatal registration tetanus toxoid immunization micronutrient supplementation treatment of...
DESCRIPTION
Community health nursing notesf you have questions please email me> [email protected]TRANSCRIPT
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Antenatal RegistrationTetanus Toxoid ImmunizationMicronutrient SupplementationTreatment of Diseases and other conditionsClean and safe deliverySupport to breast feedingFamily Planning counseling
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B.) Tetanus Toxoid Immunization
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Do a quick check upon admission for emergency signs
Make the woman comfortable
Assess woman in labor
Determine stage of labor
Decide if woman can safely deliver
Give supportive care throughout labor
Monitor and manage labor
Monitor within 1 hr after delivery
Educate and counsel on FP
Inform, teach, counsel on: Birth registration Importance of BF NBS Schedule of postpartum
visits
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Unconscious/ convulsionsVaginal bleedingSevere abdominal painLooks very illSevere headache with visual disturbance
Severe breathing difficultyFeverSevere vomiting
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•Antenatal•Clean and safe obstetric delivery•Emergency obstetric care•Family Planning
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A sick woman needs more nutrients and rest. Although pregnancy is a normal event, it may be an additional burden for her body. Her condition may become worse.
A sick woman is more likely to have a miscarriage or a premature birth.
A sick woman is more likely to become anemic and is prone to infection.
A sick woman is more likely to give birth to a low-birth-weight baby.
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Ensure that she is physically ready Detect any medical problems that
need treatment Find out if she has to observe any
special precautions during pregnancy and childbirth.
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3 C’s of Home Delivery
Clean HANDSClean SURFACEClean CORD
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Delay in…DECIDING to SEEK medical Care
IDENTIFYING and REACHING APPROPRIATE Facility
RECEIVING appropriate and adequate CARE at the FACILITY
•Failure to recognize danger signs•Unplanned/ Unwanted pregnancy
•Distance•Road•Transport•Communication
•Lack of health care personnel•Shortage of supply•Health not prioritized
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Delay in deciding to seek medical care
Delay in reaching facility
Delay in receiving adequate care at facility
REFERRAL LEVELS
BEmOC Give parenteral AB
Give parenteral oxytocin
Give parenteral anticonvulsants
Perform manual removal of placenta
Remove retained placental products
Perform assisted vaginal delivery
CEmOCPerform six function of a BEmOC facility plus CS and Hysterectomy and give Blood transfusions
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4 Pillars of Family Planning: Responsible parenthood Respect for life Birthspacing Informed choice
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To provide universal access to family planning information and services wherever and whenever
these are needed
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Reduce infant deathsReduce Neonatal deathsReduce Under five deaths
Reduce maternal deaths
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Focus service delivery to the urban and rural poor
Reestablish the FP outreach programStrengthen FP provision in regions
with high unmet needsPromote frontline participation of
hospitalsMainstream modern natural family
planning
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when a woman is between 20 and 35 years old;
when a woman has not been pregnant for the last 2-3 years;
when a woman has fewer than 4 children;
when a woman has no illness that would place herself or her baby in danger;
and when the couple wants to have a baby.
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there are more chances for the pregnancy to end in abortion or miscarriage;
the woman is more likely to become anemic and malnourished. (prone to develop obstetrical complications such as prolonged labor and hemorrhage as well as gynecologic problems such as uterine prolapse)
the baby has more chances of being born premature or with low birth weight. The incidence of stillbirths and fetal death will be higher.
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1. The benefits of contraception It saves mothers' and children's lives. It helps clients plan their pregnancies
to protect their health and that of their babies.
It helps a couple provide a better life for their children.
It improves quality of life by removing the fear of an unwanted pregnancy.
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2. The different contraceptive methods available.
Discuss: description and use; effectiveness; advantages and disadvantages; and possible side-effects.
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3. Where they can obtain specific family planning services Some clients will come directly to you for services. Others will only need information about the methods and how they are used, and others may need more explanation and encouragement.
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the age of the woman; the woman's reproductive
stage; the effectiveness of a method; the woman's health status; and personal considerations.
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•Infant and young child feeding•Newborn screening•Expanded program on immunization•Management of Childhood illnesses•Micronutrient supplementation•Dental Health•Early child development•Child Health injuries
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Overall objective: To improve the survival of
infants and young children by improving their nutritional status, growth and development through optimal feeding
Goal: Reduce child mortality rate by 2/3 by
2015
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Objective: To improve health and
nutritional status of infants and young children
Outcome: To improve exclusive and
extended breastfeeding and complementary feeding
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Initiate breastfeeding within 1 hr after birth Exclusive for the first 6 months of live Complemented at 6 months with appropriate
foods, excluding milk supplements Extend breastfeeding up to 2 yrs and beyond3 E’s of Breastfeeding
Early breastfeeding Exclusive breastfeeding for the 1st 6 months Extend up to 2 years
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TimelyAdequateProperly fedSafe
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Water is good for the thirstNo drinks high in sugarTea and coffee reduce iron absorbed
from foodDrinks should not replace foods or
breastfeedingChildren not receiving breastmilk
need special attention
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Encourage child to drink and eat with lots of patience
Feed small amounts frequentlyGive foods that the child likesGive a variety of nutrient rich foodsContinue to breastfeed
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Give extra breastfeedsFeed an extra mealGive an extra amount Use extra rich foodsFeed with extra patience
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Breasfteeding for 2 years or longer helps a child to develop and grow strong.
Complementary feeding at 6 months helps a child grow well.
Foods that are thick enough to stay in the spoon give more energy
Animal-source foods help children grow strongPeas, beans, lentils, nuts and seeds are goodDark green leaves, yellow-coloured fruits and
vegetables help a child have healthy eyes and fewer infections.
Growing child needs 3 meals plus snacks.Growing child needs increasing amounts of foodsGrowing child needs to learn to eat.Encourage child to drink and eat during illness.
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RA 9288 Ideally done 48th – 72nd hour of life (1st 2 -3
days); also done 24 hours from birth Heel Prick, blood dried for 4 hours,
transport within 24 hours to NSF Results in 7 days Positive screen means NEWBORN MUST
BE SUBJECT TO CONFIRMATORY TESTS and FURTHER MANAGEMENT
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Goal: To improve the quality of life of Filipinos through better nutrition, improved health and increased productivity
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Vitamin AIronIodine
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STRATEGIES: Food based interventions
for sustained improvements in nutritional status
Life-cycle approach Effective complementation
of nutrition interventions with other services
Geographical focus to needier areas
PROGRAMS AND PROJECTS:
Micronutrient supplementation
Food fortification Essential maternal and
child health service package
Nutrition information, communication and education
Home, school, and community food production
Food assistance Livelihood assistance
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VITAMIN A SUPPLEMENTATION
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THREE CLASSIFICATIONS OF ORAL INTERVENTIONSPreventive servicesCurative servicesPromotive services
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Oral examinationOral hygienePit and fissure sealant programFluoride utilization program
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Permanent fillingGum treatmentAtruamatic restorative treatmentExtractionTreatment of post extraction
complicationsDrainage of localized oral abscess
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Health education activities
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Overall Goal: Achieve Better Quality Life among
Filipinos
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Reducing maternal mortality rate Reducing child mortality Halting and reversing spread of HIV/AIDS Increasing access to reproductive health
information and services
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4 Major NCDs:Cardiovascular diseasesCancerCOPDDiabetes Mellitus
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Tobacco SmokingPhysical inactivityUnhealthy diet
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Comprehensive approach focused on primary prevention
Community Based approach Integrated approach
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KEY INTERVENTION STRATEGIES:
Establishing program direction and infrastructure
Changing Environments
Changing lifestyle Reorienting health
services
ROLES OF THE PHN IN NCD PREVENTION AND CONTROL:
Health advocate Health educator Health care provider Community organizer Health trainer Researcher
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HEALTH ADVOCATE
Inform people about rightness of cause
Discuss nature of alternatives, content and consequences
Support people’s right to make a choice and to act on the choice
Influence public opinion
HEALTH EDUCATOR
Inform people Motivate people Guide people into
action
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HEALTH CARE PROVIDER
Health promotion and disease prevention
Secondary level of care - relieve pain, etc
Disability limitation and rehabilitation
COMMUNITY ORGANIZER
Raising level of awareness regarding NCDs
Organizing and mobilizing community
Influencing executive and legislative bodies for policies that favor a healthy environment
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HEALTH TRAINER
Provides technical assistance to auxiliary health workers
Teaches and supervises on clinical management of non-communicable diseases
Records, reports, and utilization of health information related to NCDs
RESEARCHER
Conducts community assessments, epidemiological studies and intervention studies
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RISK FACTOR ASSESSMENT
Cigarette smoking Nutrition/diet (ABC) Overweight/obesity Physical inactivity
/Sedentary lifestyle Excessive alcohol
drinking
NATIONAL PREVENTION OF BLINDNESS PROGRAM
VISION 2020: THE RIGHT TO SIGHT
All Filipinos enjoy the right to sight by year 2020.
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PRIORITY 5 PREVENTABLE/TREATABLE CONDITION:
Cataract Refractive errors and
low vision Trachoma Onchocerciasis Childhood blindness
MENTAL HEALTH
Four facets: Defined burden Undefined burden Hidden burden Future burden
Nursing Responsibilities: Mental health promotion Prevention and control Rehabilitation Research and epidemiology
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MAN
DISEASE AGENT
ENVIRONMENT
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3 PREVENTIVE STRATEGIES:
Change the people’s behavior
Manipulate environment
Increase man’s resistance or immunity
MAJOR ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND SANITATION PROGRAMS:
Water sanitation Food sanitation Refuse and garbage
disposal Hospital waste
management program
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MAN
DISEASE AGENT
ENVIRONMENT
1. Change people’s behavior
1. Change people’s behavior
3. Increase man`s immunity or resistance
to disease agents
3. Increase man`s immunity or resistance
to disease agents
2. Prevent production of disease agents
2. Prevent production of disease agents
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WATER SUPPLY SANITATION PROGRAMAPPROVED TYPES:
Level I (Point source) - protected well or developed spring
Level II (Communal faucet or Stand posts) – system composed of a source reservoir, piped distribution and communal faucet
Level III ( Waterworks System or Individual House connections) – system with a source, reservoir, a piped distributor network and household taps
PROPER EXCRETA AND SEWAGE DISPOSAL PROGRAM
Level I – Non water carriage and toilets requiring small amounts of water
Level II – On site toilet facilities with water-sealed and flush type
Level III – toilet facilities connected to septic tanks or to sewerage system to treatment plant
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FOOD SANITATION
Four rights in Food safety
Right source Right Preparation Right Cooking Right storage
RULE IN FOOD SAFETY
When in doubt, Throw it out !!!!