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ANTHROPOMETRIC DATA MEASUREMENT .

Introduction: Anthropometry is a branch of anthropology concerned with comparativemeasurements of the human body and its parts. Anthropometric data consist of collections ofmeasurements, often presented in tabular format or annotated diagrams of human figures. The

primary dimensions measured are of bone, muscle, and adipose tissue. This data is used inhuman factors/ergonomics applications in order to ensure that designs and standards are realistic.

Using Anthropometric Data

Anthropomorphic data should be used with care. When working with a data set, note thefollowing:

Most data sets focus on particular populations, such as children, populations sharing a particular medical condition, or members of a profession, such as the military or anathletic sport. These may not necessarily be e trapolated to general populations.

Apples must be compared to apples, not oranges. When merging multiple data sets,make sure that they share common features such as units of measurements, the physicalcondition or age of the sub!ects measured, etc. "ay attention to the terminology forspecific measurements.

#hronology and geography is important. Averages evolve over time due to migration,changes in diet, mortality, and other factors. $ata collected in a one country or region %&years ago may not apply to a later population in a different location.

De initions:

E!e height: This height represents the height from eye to feet.

"nuc#$e Height: This height represents the lowest level at which an operator can handle anob!ect without having to bend the knees or the back. The range between the knuckle height andthe shoulder height is ideal for manual materials handling and should be used in industry idealfor manual materials handling and should be used in industry.

E$%o& height: This is an important marker for determining work height and table height. 'tmeasures from feet to elbow in standing position.

Shou$der height: (b!ects located above shoulder height are difficult to lift, since relativelyweaker muscles are involved. There is also an increased risk of dropping items. 't measures inthe position of standing from feet to shoulders.

Stature: This is used to determine the minimum overhead clearance re)uired the head collision.'t is the measurement up to the bottom of the body.

'unctiona$ o(erhead reaches: This is used to determine the ma imum height of the overheadcontrols.

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'unctiona$ or&ard reach: 'tems that are often used within the workstations should be locatedwithin the functional reach.

)uttoc#*#nee depth: This defines the seat depth for chairs and clearance under the worktable.

Pop$itea$ height: this is used to determine the range of ad!ustability for ad!ustable chairs.

Thigh c$earance: *itting elbow height and thigh clearance help to define how thick the table topand the top of the drawer can be.

Thigh clearance+ knee height popliteal height.

Sitting e$%o& height: *itting elbow height and popliteal height help to define the table height. 'tis taken from seat span to elbow.

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Sitting e!e height: -isual displays should be located below the hori ontal plane defined by theeye height. 't is taken from seat span to the eye.

Sitting height: This is used to define the vertical clearance re)uired for a seated work posture.'n the sitting position the height from feet to head is called the sitting height.

Hip %readth: This is used to determine the breadth of chairs and whole body aches forclearance.

E$%o& to E$%o& %readth: This is used to determine the width of seat backs. This is used todetermine the width of seat backs and the distance between the arms rests.

Chest depth: This represents depth of chest. This is needed to make measurement of table to achair.

"nee height: rom knee to feet while a person is sitting. This is needed to make a chair. #hair0s

legs height measured from knee height.

Procedure:

'. At first we settle the population whom measurement would be taken.''. Taking the measuring tape the measurement of several body dimensions of one person is

taken and noted.

'''. *tep 1 is continuing over the population.

'-. Then percentile of the population is calculated.

DISCUSSON: Today, anthropometry plays an important role in industrial design, clothingdesign, ergonomics and architecture where statistical data about the distribution of bodydimensions in the population are used to optimi e products. This ergonomics evaluation system,although argued to be too sub!ective, pinpoint problem areas before they become critical. Wekeep a deep concentration when take the measurement. We are concerned about the ratio of one

body dimension to another.