anti inflammatory activity of aqueous extract of leaves of solena amplexicaulis

Vol. 2(4) Oct - Dec 2011 www.ijrpbsonline.com 1617

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences

ISSN: 2229-3701

__________________________________________Research Paper

Anti Inflammatory Activity of Aqueous Extract of Leaves of Solena Amplexicaulis Ch.Arun1, R.Satheesh Kumar1, S.Srinu1, G.Lal Babu1, G.Raghavendra Kumar1 J.Amos Babu1 1 Department of pharmacology, A.M.Reddy Memorial College of pharmacy, Narsarao pet.

ABSTRACT Purpose: The objective of this present study is designed to evaluate its anti-inflammatory activity of aqueous extract of leaves of solena amplexicaulis by sub cutanias. Against fresh egg white induced inflammation on Swiss albino rats. Methods: solena amplexicaulis was investigated for activity in Swiss albino rats against Diclofenac sodium drug (20mg/kg) as standard reference and normal saline as control by Randall and Baroth method. The time to achieve reduction of inflammation in the rat paw was determined. Results: The sub cutanias .administration of solena amplexicaulis exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity when compare with the Diclofenac sodium drug and normal saline. CONCLUSION: The sub cutanias administration of aqueous extract of leaves of solena amplexicaulis has anti-inflammatory effect on Swiss albino rats. Key words: aqueous extract of leaves of solena amplexicaulis, Swiss albino rats, diclofenac sodium, fresh egg white, pletysmograph. INTRODUCTION Inflammation, which is basically, a defense phenomenon yet often leading to serious pathological conditions, is treated by various agents with good to moderate success because of both considerable toxicity and side effects. There are various components to an inflammatory reaction that can contribute to the associated symptoms and tissue injury1. Edema formation, leukocyte infiltration and granuloma formation represent such components of inflammation. Although non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are the most commonly prescribed drugs in world their use as anti-inflammatory, anti pyretic, anti thrombotic and analgesic agents continues to be principally limited by their undesired side effects hence the traditional medical practioners scientists are turning towards medicinal plants and traditional system of medicines such as siddha, Ayurveda, unani, homeopathic medicines and formulations to reduces the side effects and toxicity. Solena amplexicaulis used to treat gonorrhea, dyspepsia, asthma, constipation and spermatorrhea. The leaves of solena amplexicaulis have good anti-inflammatory activity. Hence it is recommended for inflammation, skin lesions and skin diseases. METHODS: Materials: Aqueous extract of leaves of solena amplexicaulis ________________________________________ *Address for correspondence: E-mail: [email protected]

used as test drug. Diclofenac sodium drug Used as reference standard and normal saline was used as control. ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY: Fresh egg white induced paw edema: The Swiss albino rats were divided into three groups. Each consists of 4 animals, one group served as negative control. The second group served as positive control (received diclofenac sodium). The third group served as test (received aqueous extract of leaves of solena amplexicaulis). Edema was induced by administration of 0.75ml of undiluted fresh egg white in the sub-plantar region3. The aqueous extract of leaves of solena amplexicaulis and diclofenac sodium were applied as sub cutanias administration. The paw volume was measured at 0min.-60min. after the injection of undiluted fresh egg white using plethysmograph.Then percentage inhibition of edema is calculated by using formula. Percentage inhibition of edema = [(mean of control – mean of test) / mean of control] *100 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Solena amplexicaulis produced a potent anti-inflammatory activity against the paw edema in Swiss albino rats when compared with reference standards the potency was found to be inversely proportional to the time (table-1) taken for



ISSN: 2229-3701

reduction in the paw volume. The inflammatory response is a physiological characteristic of vascular tissue. Increased permeability seen in the inflammatory reaction leads to exudation of fluid rich in plasma proteins, coagulation factors and injured tissues with subsequent edema at the site5. Exudation which is a consequence of vascular permeability is considered as major features of acute inflammation6. Histamine and other mediators of inflammation increase vascular permeability at various times after injury. Chemically induced vascular permeability can causes an immediate reaction and its inhibitions suggests that the sub cutanias administration of test aqueous extract of leaves of solena amplexicaulis may effectively suppress the exudative phase of acute inflammation induced by undiluted fresh egg white. The results also shows the effect of extracted compound on edematous response to fresh egg white induced paw edema, provoking an inhibitory effect equal to that of standard. CONCLUSION:- Determination of anti-inflammatory activity is based on plethysmographic measurement of edema

produced by sub planar injection of fresh egg white in the hind paw of rat. The increase in edema in animals treated with standard drug (diclofenac sodium) and test extracted compound were compared with increase in edema of untreated control animals at constant intervals of 0,15,30,45 and 60 mins. Thus percentage inhibition of edema at knows intervals in treated animals were used for the purpose of calculating percent inhibition of edema of control. The present study revealed that the test extracted compound showed better anti-inflammatory activity. The maximum activity was observed during 45min. and 60min, and the results are significant and are comparable to standard diclofenac sodium. The anti-inflammatory activity may be due to the inhibition of release of histamine, serotonin and kinins in the first 60min. after the injection of carrageenan, and this also retarded the release of prostaglandin-like substance in 30-60 min7.,sowing anti-inflammatory potential of test extracted compound. The above obtained evidences for the anti-inflammatory study verify the objective of the present study.

TABLE-1

S.NO. Body weight

Treatment Drug/ml Paw values measure by mercury displacement method at

0 min 15 min 30 min 45 min 60 min

Right left right Left right left right left right left

1. 75.0g 75.0g 75.0g

Control Control control

Saline Saline Saline Mean

0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6

0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

2. 75.0g 75.0g 75.0g

Standard Standard Standard

Diclofenac Diclofenac Diclofenac Mean

0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

3. 80.0g 80.0g 80.0g

Test Test Test

A A A Mean

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

A =Aqueous extract of solena amplexicaulis CACULATION: FORMULA: Percentage inhibition of edema = {(mean of control- mean of test)/mean of control} 100 Mean of control= 0.40+0.1 Mean of test= 0.30+0.04 % inhibition of edema = {0.4-0.3/0.4}100 = (0.1/4)100 =25%



ISSN: 2229-3701

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anti inflammatory activity of aqueous extract of leaves of solena amplexicaulis

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