anti-muslim sentiment is a serious threat to american security
TRANSCRIPT
-
8/20/2019 Anti-Muslim Sentiment Is a Serious Threat to American Security
1/20
Anti-Muslim Sentiment Is a
Serious Threat to American SecurityBy Ken Gude November 2015
WWW.AMERICANPROGRESS.O
-
8/20/2019 Anti-Muslim Sentiment Is a Serious Threat to American Security
2/20
Anti-Muslim SentimentIs a Serious Threatto American Security
By Ken Gude November 2015
-
8/20/2019 Anti-Muslim Sentiment Is a Serious Threat to American Security
3/20
1 Introduction and summary
3 ISIS strategy: Terrorize, mobilize, polarize
5 ISIS cannot grow unless the West alienates Muslims
7 ISIS uses Islamophobia in a sophisticated
recruiting campaign
10 Islamophobic reactions to the Paris attacks
are exactly what ISIS needs
13 Conclusion
14 About the author
15 Endnotes
Contents
-
8/20/2019 Anti-Muslim Sentiment Is a Serious Threat to American Security
4/20
1 Center for American Progress | Anti-Muslim Sentiment Is a Serious Threat to American Security
Introduction and summary
Te incredible barbarism perperaed by he Islamic Sae o Iraq and al-Sham, or
ISIS, oo ofen dissuades hose in he Wes rom any meaningul assessmen o he
group’s sraegy and acics. From beheading or burning alive capives o slaugh-
ering enire minoriy populaions and gunning down innocen civilians in previ-
ously quie srees, he violence is incomprehensible and hus can appear devoid
o reason or planning. Ta is ar rom he ruh. ISIS has been very clear abou is
objecives. I uses violence o achieve is goals, including o spread ear and induce
governmens and publics o make choices hey oherwise would no; o mobilizeis supporers wih demonsraions o is capabiliies; and, mos imporanly, o
provoke an ani-Muslim backlash o help i atrac new ollowers and prepare or a
clash o civilizaions. Te ignorance o mos in Wesern sociey o ISIS’s clear and
openly described objecives is providing he necessary uel or heir coninued
growh and momenum.
Te reacion in he Unied Saes o he atacks in Paris has been a mixure o
solidariy wih he vicims and a growing anxiey abou he hrea ISIS poses
o he American homeland. Tis ear is undersandable even hough he abil-
iy o he U.S. governmen o deec and preven erroris atacks has never been
sronger. Te Unied Saes should no be complacen, however, and he Cener
or American Progress has proposed a series o seps he Unied Saes should ake
o deea ISIS.1 We can never compleely eliminae he risk o erroris atacks.
Bu in imes such as hese, i is incumben upon poliical leaders o reassure he
American people ha hey are aking all o he appropriae seps o keep hem sae
now and in he long erm.
Wha is no accepable is he kind o rheoric ha atemps o exploi Americans’
reasonable ears or poliical gain and ries o push a jitery populaion owardincreased hared and prejudice: Tis is Islamophobia. Haeul rheoric and dis-
criminaory policies ha arge Muslims are morally wrong, acually inaccurae,
and genuinely hreaen he saey o Muslims in he Unied Saes. Tis repor
ocuses on an addiional aspec o Islamophobia ha receives oo litle atenion in
-
8/20/2019 Anti-Muslim Sentiment Is a Serious Threat to American Security
5/20
2 Center for American Progress | Anti-Muslim Sentiment Is a Serious Threat to American Security
he curren poliical discourseha ISIS wans and needs he Unied Saes and
oher Wesern socieies o alienae heir Muslim populaions hrough heir words
and deeds. Tis is a saed goal o ISIS leadership.
ISIS needs he Wes o alienae and marginalize is Muslim ciizens in order o
oser he appearance o a war agains Islam. ISIS desperaely needs new recruisin order o conend wih is massive weakness compared wih he orces aligned
agains he group and is incredible unpopulariy among Muslims in Muslim-
majoriy counries.
ISIS has developed a very sophisicaed propaganda and recruiing campaign
ha uses modern communicaions and social media ools o dramaically eclipse
previous erroris recruiing effors. Wesern ani-Muslim senimen is he cenral
narraive elemen in his propaganda and recruiing campaign.
Te many knee-jerk policy proposals direced a all Muslims ha are nowemerging, paricularly among conservaives and rom several presidenial can-
didaes, serve only o advance ISIS’s goals. Tis is dangerous and deadly serious.
And i mus sop.
The many
knee-jerk policy
proposals direct
at all Muslims th
are now emergiserve only to
advance ISIS’s
goals.
-
8/20/2019 Anti-Muslim Sentiment Is a Serious Threat to American Security
6/20
3 Center for American Progress | Anti-Muslim Sentiment Is a Serious Threat to American Security
ISIS strategy:
Terrorize, mobilize, polarize
Te horrific violence ha was, or a ime, limied o ISIS’s main area o operaions
in Iraq and Syria has recenly spread o counries near and ar. Te bombings in
Ankara and Beiru, he downing o a Russian airliner over Egyp’s Sinai Peninsula,
and he bombings and shooings in Paris mark a shif in ISIS’s sraegy o ake is
war o he nex sage.2 Tese atacks are no he acions o nihiliss or random kill-
ings o slake a rampan bloodlus. Raher, according o Jason Burke, journalis and
auhor o numerous books on Al Qaeda and oher erroris groups, ISIS has hree
goals: o errorize, mobilize, and polarize.3
Te firs objecive o any erroris organizaion, including ISIS, is o inimidae
civilian populaions and orce governmens o make rash decisions ha hey
oherwise would no choose. William McCans, a scholar a Te Brookings
Insiuion, wroe in he wake o he Paris atacks ha he leaders o ISIS “ have
hough long and hard abou he uiliy o violence and he value o scaring
ordinary people.”4
Te sraegic masermind behind he rise o ISIS, a ormer colonel in Saddam
Hussein’s Iraqi inelligence service who wen by he pseudonym Haji Bakr, plo-
ed ISIS’s growh hrough he sysemaic applicaion o incredible violence.5
Haji Bakr’s plan called or “he eliminaion o every person who migh have been
a poenial leader or opponen.”6 I proved successul in gaining conrol o he
Syrian ciy o Raqqa, and under Bakr’s leadership, ISIS began using his sraegy o
expand o areas ouside o is original base in Syria and ino Iraq. Tis provided he
basis or declaring a caliphae in June 2014.
ISIS’s second objecive is o moivae is supporers and enhance is legiimacy
in he areas where i has seized conrol. A 2004 essay called “Te Managemeno Savagery”writen by Abu Bakr Naji or he precursor o ISIS, Al Qaeda in
Iraqoulined many elemens o he sraegy ha ISIS now pursues. I describes
ha “is specific arge is o moivae crowds drawn rom he masses o fly o he
regions which we manage, paricularly he youh.”7
-
8/20/2019 Anti-Muslim Sentiment Is a Serious Threat to American Security
7/20
4 Center for American Progress | Anti-Muslim Sentiment Is a Serious Threat to American Security
Scot Aran, he direcor o research a France’s Naional Cener or Scienific
Research, wroe o ISIS ha he complexiy o he Paris atacks and he clear suc-
cess a recruiing French and EU naionals “enhances is legiimacy in he eyes
o is ollowers.”8 Muliple eams operaing in differen areas o he ciy, atacking
simulaneously and wih varied mehods, recalls specacular erroris atacks such
as Mumbai in 2008 or 9/11 and demonsraes disciplined miliary acics. ISIS saido he recen atacks ha i lef “Paris and is residens ‘shocked and awed,’” clearly a
reerence o he U.S. descripion o he bombing campaign in Iraq in 2003, as well
as how ISIS hoped he atacks would be received among is supporers.9
Te hird objecive, which Burke describes as “he mos imporan,” is o generae
a response ha will alienae Muslim populaions rom heir governmens, paricu-
larly in he Wes, and hus increase he appeal o he ISIS caliphae among hem.10
Harleen Gambhir o he Insiue or he Sudy o War, idenifies his as par o
“ISIS’s plan o eliminae neural paries hrough eiher absorpion or eliminaion,
in preparaion o evenual all-ou batle wih he Wes.”11
Preparaion or ha all-ou batle is cenral o undersanding how ISIS sees he
world. Is English-language magazine, Dabiq , is named afer a Syrian ciy eaured
in a prophecy in which, according o McCans, he Prophe Muhammad “pre-
dics he Day o Judgmen will come afer he Muslims deea Rome a al-Amaq
or Dabiq.”12 An essay in he February 2015 ediion o Dabiq describes he world
as comprised o “wo camps beore he world or mankind o choose beween,
a camp o Islam … and a camp o kurhe crusader coaliion.”13 In beween
hose wo camps is somehing ha ISIS calls “he grayzone,” composed o eiher
“hypocries” or “‘independen’ and ‘neural’ Islamic paries ha reuse o join he
Khilaah [Caliphae, or ISIS].”14
I is he Muslims in his so-called grayzone ha are he arge o he ISIS effor
a polarizaion. Te essay in Dabiq cied above is iled “Te Exincion o he
Grayzone.” ISIS uses he exisence o is sel-described caliphae in Iraq and Syria
and is erroris atacks ouside o is area o operaions o compel “he crusaders o
acively desroy he grayzone hemselves.”15 Tis will happen, ISIS argues, because
“Muslims in he Wes will quickly find hemselves beween one o wo choices, hey
eiher aposaize … or hey perorm hijrah [emigrae] o he Islamic Sae [ISIS] andhereby escape persecuion rom he crusader governmens.”16 ISIS wans a clash o
civilizaions beween isel and he Wes, afer all Muslims have eiher abandoned
he aih or joined ISIS. Essenially, he subsuming o all exising Muslim naions
ino he caliphae is a precursor o he final war wih he res o humaniy.
ISIS wants a clas
of civilizations
between itself
and the West, af
all Muslims haveeither abandone
the faith or
joined ISIS.
-
8/20/2019 Anti-Muslim Sentiment Is a Serious Threat to American Security
8/20
5 Center for American Progress | Anti-Muslim Sentiment Is a Serious Threat to American Security
ISIS cannot grow unless
the West alienates Muslims
Te ISIS sraegy depends upon Wesern socieies alienaing heir Muslim popula-
ions in reacion o error atacks because ISIS is very weak relaive o he many
orces aligned agains i and because i is exremely unpopular in Muslim counries
where i operaes. I would be a misake o underesimae ISIS’s capabiliies given
is unmiigaed barbarism and he presence in is ranks o many ormer high-rank-
ing Iraqi securiy officials, such as Haji Bakr. Bu ISIS has only been able o obain
he erriory i now holds because o collapsing sae auhoriy in he pars o Syria
and Iraq where i operaes. And is power, hough srong or a nonsae acor, sim-ply does no compare wih he combined orces o he more han 60 naion-saes
o he world aligned agains i.17
ISIS mus perpeuae he narraive o a global conflic beween he Wes and
Muslims because mos Muslims have a negaive view o he erroris organiza-
ion. Prior o his recen spae o ISIS atacks, he Pew Research Cener con-
duced surveys in counries wih significan Muslim populaions ha racked
suppor or opposiion o ISIS. I ound overwhelmingly unavorable views o
ISIS, including in Lebanon where “almos every person surveyed who gave an
opinion had an unavorable view o ISIS, including 99% wih a very unavorable
opinion.” In Jordan, 94 percen o he populaion held a negaive view o ISIS,
while jus 3 percen gave heir suppor. Negaive views oaled 84 percen in he
Palesinian erriories and 73 percen in urkey, wih 19 percen answering ha
hey “don’ know.”18
Muslims’ opinions abou ISIS are no confined o polls. In he week ollowing
he Charlie Hebdo atacks in Paris earlier his year, Ghambhir noes ha proess
agains ISIS occurred “in Gaza, Algeria, Pakisan, Chechnya, Niger, Mali, Somalia,
Syria, Lebanon, Senegal, Mauriania and Iran.”19
Tis should come as no surprise:Even hough he U.S. media repors mainly on high-profile ISIS atacks argeing
Weserners, as Presiden Barack Obama said las year, “he vas majoriy o ISIL’s
[ISIS’s] vicims have been Muslim.”20 Te chilling realiy o ISIS’s level o deprav-
ISIS must
perpetuate the
narrative of a glo
conflict betwee
the West and
Muslims becausmost Muslims h
a negative view
of the terrorist
organization.
-
8/20/2019 Anti-Muslim Sentiment Is a Serious Threat to American Security
9/20
6 Center for American Progress | Anti-Muslim Sentiment Is a Serious Threat to American Security
iy is ha even Osama bin Laden grew increasingly concerned ha ISIS’s precur-
sor organizaion, Al Qaeda in Iraq, had so badly damaged Al Qaeda’s branddue
o is argeing o Muslim civiliansha he sough o disavow he group and
conemplaed changing Al Qaeda’s name.21
All o his provides he raionale behind Presiden Obama’s careully chosen words ha described his conflic as one agains “violen exremism.”22 I is no as
i ISIS rerains rom lumping Obama in wih he oher “crusader leaders” i rails
agains. O course i does. Bu raher, he Obama adminisraion has shown disci-
plinebased on an undersanding o ISIS’s aimso avoid urhering ISIS’s own
sraegic objecives by providing he group wih ready-made sound bies o plug
ino is powerul propaganda machine.
Even Osama
bin Laden grew
increasingly
concerned that
ISIS’s precursororganization ha
so badly damag
Al Qaeda’s brand
that he sought t
disavow the gro
-
8/20/2019 Anti-Muslim Sentiment Is a Serious Threat to American Security
10/20
7 Center for American Progress | Anti-Muslim Sentiment Is a Serious Threat to American Security
ISIS uses Islamophobia in a
sophisticated recruiting campaign
I may seem unahomable why anyone, paricularly in he Wes, would choose o
become par o an apocalypic cul locaed housands o miles away and commi-
ed o ulraviolence. Tere is no sole moive, or driver oward radicalizaion, ha
leads people o join ISIS. Bu he reasons clearly include some oxic mix o he
rebelliousness o youh, marginalizaion rom mainsream sociey, and a real or
perceived anipahy oward Islam on he par o he Wes. And while here is no
jusificaion or making such a decision, i is criical o comprehend wha moi-
vaes people o ravel o Iraq and Syria and how groups such as ISIS capialize onhese drivers in heir sophisicaed recruiing effors.
Te prolieraion o social media has radically ransormed he erroris move-
men and he recruiing landscape rom which i atracs new fighers. ISIS’s early
adopion o social media on various plaorms is one o he reasons i has eclipsed
Al Qaeda’s recruimen, according o a 2014 U.N. Securiy Council repor on he
recruimen o oreign fighers ino ISIS’s ranks.23 Te repor concludes ha he
“numbers since 2010 are now many imes he size o he cumulaive numbers o
oreign erroris fighers beween 1990 and 2010and are growing.”24
ISIS’s use o modern media ools and plaorms is like nohing he erroris world
has ever seen. Scot alan, a proessor o social media and markeing a American
Universiy, described he ISIS recruiing videos he has seen as “sophisicaed”:
“I is Madison Avenue mees documenary film making mees news channel wih
sensibiliies and markeing value.”25 A ormer aliban recruier now working wih
he Canadian securiy services said his is because “Weserners are involved, espe-
cially in he recruimen and social media disseminaion. … Look a he videos
hey’re making. You hink hose people were rained in Syria and Iraq? Tose
people were rained in he Wes.”26
ISIS does no merely rely on slick videos pushed ou hrough social media. I
operaes a 24-hour social media help cener, produces is own apps, and has even
developed an online raining manual.27 And ISIS will devoe housands o hours in
direc social media communicaion oward jus one poenial recrui.28
ISIS’s use of
modern media
tools and platfo
is like nothing th
terrorist world h
ever seen.
-
8/20/2019 Anti-Muslim Sentiment Is a Serious Threat to American Security
11/20
8 Center for American Progress | Anti-Muslim Sentiment Is a Serious Threat to American Security
Rys Farhing o he Deparmen o Social Policy and Inervenion a Oxord
Universiy inerviewed young Briish Muslims across he Unied Kingdom in
an atemp o undersand he reason why ISIS had such appeal or Muslims in
Europe. He ound ha Islamophobia, eiher experienced by Muslim communi-
ies in Briain or promoed by ISIS propaganda, played a major role. One young
woman old him ha “ISIS wouldn’ be here i here wasn’ Islamophobia.” Anoher idenified he represenaion o Muslims in he media as “he main prob-
lem. … Tis counry does no accep Islam or wha i is. Tey’re sereoyping i.”29
According o he Congressional Research Service, U.S. inelligence esimaed
ha more han 20,000 oreign fighers raveled o Syria and Iraq rom 2011 o
early 2015.30 O hose, a leas 3,400 were Weserners.31 Te European Union’s
op diploma, Federica Mogherini, has said ha all o he Paris atackers are
believed o be EU ciizens and ha a leas some received raining in Syria.32 Tis
and oher atacks place Europe more squarely under hrea rom oreign fighers;
he U.S. governmen believes ha only abou 150 o hose 3,400 fighers are romhe Unied Saes.33
Tis problem is more pressing in Europe, bu i is no unique o i. In he mos
deailed public accoun o a long-erm ISIS recruiing effor, Te New York imes
published an invesigaion ino ISIS’s courship o a 23-year-old American woman
in rural Washingon sae. Muliple online inerlocuors rom Syria and he Unied
Kingdom spen more han six mohs engaging her and enicing her o become a
Muslim and ulimaely leave he Unied Saes. According o Te New York imes
accoun, early in ISIS’s effors o recrui her, her primary online riend old her o
keep her new Muslim ideniy secre, “arguing ha Muslims are persecued in he
Unied Saes. She could be labeled a erroris.”34
Regardless o ISIS’s level o sophisicaion in using social media, how much
direc discriminaion a Muslim communiy eels and how alienaed i is rom he
res o sociey, or how suscepible any one young person is o hese recruiing
echniques, only a iny minoriy ever agree o join ISIS’s cause. An even smaller
racion reurn o he Wes inen on doing harm o civilians. I is imporan o
pu his in he conex o he muliude o hreas, oreign and domesic, arrayed
agains he Unied Saes. Bu i is possible ha even a small number couldrepresen a genuine securiy hrea. Te Unied Saes has no experienced he
same orces driving he dynamic in Europe, which has osered a larger pool o
poenial recruis and greaer numbers o people ravelling o Syria o figh wih
One young wom
told him that “IS
wouldn’t be her
if there wasn’t
Islamophobia.”
-
8/20/2019 Anti-Muslim Sentiment Is a Serious Threat to American Security
12/20
9 Center for American Progress | Anti-Muslim Sentiment Is a Serious Threat to American Security
ISIS. Te reacion o he Paris atacks in he Unied Saes is a warning ha ISIS’s
sraegy could sar o work here by increasing ani-Muslim senimen and begin-
ning o erode some o he advanages ha come wih America’s well-inegraed
Muslim American populaion.
Muslim Americans should never eel he need o separae hemselves rom he reso American sociey. Such a scenario would have negaive social and economic
impacs no only or Muslims in America bu also or he naion as a whole. I also
has broader securiy implicaions. Rising alienaion ha could possibly lead o a
larger poenial pool o recruis or groups such as ISIS, however, is no he only
reason o be concerned. Because Muslim American communiies can and wan
o be a par o he soluion, hey can offer a firs line o deense o help deec and
preven error plos. In ac, Muslim communiies have worked wih U.S. securiy
officials o help preven 40 percen o all Al Qaeda plos in he Unied Saes since
9/11.35 However, an ani-Muslim backlash serves only o drive a wedge beween
Muslim Americans and securiy agencies, likely lessening he level o cooperaionha has successully prevened atacks in he pas.
-
8/20/2019 Anti-Muslim Sentiment Is a Serious Threat to American Security
13/20
10 Center for American Progress | Anti-Muslim Sentiment Is a Serious Threat to American Security
Islamophobic reactions to the Paris
attacks are exactly what ISIS needs
Te Cener or American Progress has underaken wo deailed analyses o
Islamophobia in he Unied Saes, uncovering a nework o organizaions,
unders, and individuals ha have promoed ani-Muslim rheoric and policies in
he Unied Saes over he pas decade.36 While his research showed ha ani-
Muslim rheoric was a genuine problem in American social and poliical lie, one
o he mos encouraging hings i concluded was ha hese views were largely con-
fined o he margins o conservaive poliical discourse and did no have influence
over naional policymaking.
In par, his was because mainsream conservaives acively rejeced he mes-
sages o he Islamophobia nework. Presiden George W. Bush said a a mosque
in he days afer he 9/11 atacks ha “Islam is peace. … When we hink o Islam
we hink o a aih ha brings comor o a billion people around he world. …
And ha’s made brohers and sisers ou o every race.”37 Te organizers o he
Conservaive Poliical Acion Conerence, or CPAC, he larges annual gaher-
ing o conservaive aciviss and a major marker or he conservaive movemen,
banned prominen ani-Muslim acivis Frank Gaffney rom is conerence in
2011. According o op CPAC officials, Gaffney, a ormer Reagan adminisraion
official, had become “iresomely obsessed wih his weird belie ” ha he Muslim
Broherhood was infilraing he U.S. governmen and poliical organizaions,
including CPAC.38 More examples o conservaive pushback agains Islamophobia
are deailed in CAP’s “Fear, Inc. 2.0” repor.39
Afer he Paris atacks, i no longer appears ha Islamophobia is confined o he
ringes o he conservaive movemen. By he end o he firs business day afer he
atacks, more han hal o he naion’s governorsall bu one Republicanshad
announced ha hey would atemp o keep any Syrian reugees rom being resetledin heir saes, reugees who are fleeing rom he carnage wrough in par by ISIS. 40
By he end o he week, he U.S. House o Represenaives had passed a bill ha
would effecively end he Syrian reugee resetlemen program; he bill had virually
unanimous Republican suppor wih some Democras joining he majoriy.41
-
8/20/2019 Anti-Muslim Sentiment Is a Serious Threat to American Security
14/20
-
8/20/2019 Anti-Muslim Sentiment Is a Serious Threat to American Security
15/20
12 Center for American Progress | Anti-Muslim Sentiment Is a Serious Threat to American Security
No saisfied wih heir atemp o bog down he heads o hese criical naional
securiy and inelligence agencies, some conservaives seem ready o shu down
he enire ederal governmen over Syrian reugees. Rep. Brian Babin (R-X) has
obained he suppor o 57 oher members o Congress or his effor o bar any
unds o he Syrian reugee resetlemen program in he annual spending bills ha
mus pass by December 11.46
Sen. Jeff Sessions (R-AL) is leading a similar efforon he Senae side.47 Few siuaions would play ino he hands o ISIS more han
shuting down he U.S. governmen in a misguided panic over Muslim reugees.
Te Unied Saes has a long rack record o resetling millions o reugees rom
war-orn counriessome o which had governmens or elemens ha viewed he
Unied Saes as an enemywihou any meaningul harm o securiy.48 Concerns
abou he risk ha ISIS could infilrae he resetlemen program are undersandable,
and i is or his reason ha he screening and veting sysem is so robus, as oulined
in a recen Cener or American Progress inographic.49 I is also why CAP proposed
some addiional measures ha could be aken o secure i.50 Bu welcoming Syrianreugees would show America a is bes a a ime when anxiey and ear is driving
some o be a heir worsand wih poenially serious consequences.
Harsh rheoric and knee-jerk policies are no he exen o Islamophobia in he
Unied Saes in he wake o he Paris atacks. Over he pas week, Chrisopher
Mahias and Andy Campbell o Te Huffingon Pos have chronicled a series o
Islamophobic acs argeing Muslims in he Unied Saes. Tese include he burn-
ing o a mosque; hree separae incidens in which passengers were removed rom
flighs or eiher appearing Middle Easern or speaking Arabic; wo separae, cred-
ible violen hreas agains a mosque and an Islamic cener; and several incidens
o vandalism and harassmen.51
Few situations
would play into
the hands of
ISIS more than
shutting down tU.S. governmen
in a misguided
panic over Musl
refugees.
-
8/20/2019 Anti-Muslim Sentiment Is a Serious Threat to American Security
16/20
13 Center for American Progress | Anti-Muslim Sentiment Is a Serious Threat to American Security
Conclusion
ISIS is no going o win his war. Is apocalypic worldview and horrific violence
will always preven he group rom obaining broad suppor rom any popula-
ion. Tere is no amoun o alienaion or discriminaion ha could drive sufficien
numbers o ISIS o affec he ulimae oucome o his conflic. Wha is in doub is
he duraion o he batle and how bloody i will be.
Should he Unied Saes ail o snap ou o his spasm o ani-Muslim senimen
ha has ollowed in he wake o he Paris atacks, hen he level o alienaion hais currenly more prevalen in Europe could become common here. Tis would
provide ISIS wih addiional uel o prolong his war and increase he loss o
innocen lives. I, however, he Unied Saes and oher Wesern socieies view our
ellow ciizenswho happen o be Muslimas our sronges asse and par-
ners in deeaing he objecives o ISIS, and i we make common cause wih he
overwhelming majoriy o Muslims who wan o desroy ISIS, hen his will be a
shorer conflic wih ar ewer lives los.
We canno accoun or he uter barbarism o ISIS. Bu we are in complee conrol
o how we reac o i.
-
8/20/2019 Anti-Muslim Sentiment Is a Serious Threat to American Security
17/20
14 Center for American Progress | Anti-Muslim Sentiment Is a Serious Threat to American Security
About the author
Ken Gude is a Senior Fellow wih he Naional Securiy and Inernaional Policy
eam a he Cener or American Progress. He also leads several o he organiza-
ion’s policy iniiaives and projecs. Gude has worked a he Cener since is
ounding in 2003serving in numerous roles, including Chie o Saff and VicePresiden and Managing Direcor o he Naional Securiy and Inernaional
Policy eam. Gude is one o he leading expers on he prison a Guananamo Bay
and he inersecion o law and securiy in he figh agains errorism.
-
8/20/2019 Anti-Muslim Sentiment Is a Serious Threat to American Security
18/20
15 Center for American Progress | Anti-Muslim Sentiment Is a Serious Threat to American Security
Endnotes
1 Vikram Singh and others, “After The Paris Attacks”(Washington: Center for American Progress, 2015),available at https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/security/report/2015/11/19/126018/after-the-paris-attacks/.
2 Eric Schmitt, “Paris Attacks and Other Assaults Seenas Evidence of a Shift by ISIS,” The New York Times,November 22, 2015, available at http://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/23/world/europe/paris-attacks-isis-threatens-west.html?_r=1.
3 Jason Burke, “Islamic State ‘Goes Global’ with ParisAttacks,” The Observer , November 14, 2015, availableat http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/nov/14/islamic-state-goes-global-paris-attacks.
4 Will McCants, “How the Islamic State Declared War onthe World,”Foreign Policy , November 16, 2015, availableat https://foreignpolicy.com/2015/11/16/how-the-islamic-state-declared-war-on-the-world-actual-state/.
5 Christoph Reuter, “Secret Files Show Structure of IslamicState,” Spiegel Online International, April 18, 2015,available at http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/islamic-state-files-show-structure-of-islamist-terror-group-a-1029274.html.
6 Ibid.
7 William McCants, translator, “The Management ofSavagery by Abu Bakr Naji” (Cambridge, MA: John M.Olin Institute for Strategic Studies at Harvard University,2006), available at https://azelin.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/abu-bakr-naji-the-management-of-savagery-the-most-critical-stage-through-which-the-umma-will-pass.pdf.
8 Scott Atran and Nafees Hamid, “Paris: The War ISISWants,” The New York Review of Books, November 16,2015, available at http://www.nybooks.com/blogs/nyr-blog/2015/nov/16/paris-attacks-isis-strategy-chaos/.
9 Madison Pauly, “The Latest Issue of ISIS’s Magazine IsAs Terrible As You’d Think,” Mother Jones, November
18, 2015, available at http://www.motherjones.com/mojo/2015/11/isis-magazine-dabiq-paris-beirut-russia.
10 Burke, “Islamic State ‘Goes Global’ With Paris Attacks.”
11 Harleen Gambhir, “ISIS Global Intelligence Summary:January 7 – February 18” (Washington: In stitute forthe Study of War, 2015), available at http://www.un-derstandingwar.org/sites/default/files/INTSUM_Sum-mary_update.pdf .
12 William McCants, “ISIS Fantasies of an Apocalyp-tic Showdown in Northern Syria,” The BrookingsInstitution, October 3, 2014, available at http://www.brookings.edu/blogs/markaz/posts/2014/10/03-isis-apocalyptic-showdown-syria-mccants.
13 ISIS, “The Extinction of the Gray Zone,” Dabiq, February2015, available at https://ansarukhilafah.wordpress.
com/2015/02/14/the-extinction-of-thr-grayzone/.
14 Ibid.
15 Ibid.
16 Ibid.
17 Jess McHugh and Hanna Sender, “Who Is Fighting ISIS?”,International Business Times, November 15, 2015, avail-able at http://www.ibtimes.com/who-fighting-isis-map-us-led-coalition-campaign-after-paris-attacks-2185295.
18 Jacob Poushter, “In Nations with Significant MuslimPopulations, Much Disdain for ISIS,” Pew ResearchCenter, November 17, 2015, available at http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/11/17/in-nations-with-significant-muslim-populations-much-disdain-for-isis/.
19 Gambhir, “ISIS Global Intelligence Summary: January7 – February 18.”
20 The White House, “Statement by the President on ISIL,”Press release, September 10, 2014, available at https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2014/09/10/statement-president-isil-1.
21 Associated Press, “Bin Laden Eyed Name Change foral-Qaeda to Repair Image,” USA Today , June 26, 2011,available at http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/world/2011-06-24-Osama-bin-Laden-Al-qaeda_n.htm.
22 The White House, “Remarks by President Obama atthe Leaders’ Summit on Countering ISIL and ViolentExtremism,” Press release, September 29, 2015,available at https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2015/09/29/remarks-president-obama-leaders-summit-countering-isil-and-violent.
23 Spencer Ackerman, “Foreign Jihadists Flocking to Iraqand Syria on ‘Unprecedented Scale,’” The Guardian,October 30, 2014, available at http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/oct/30/foreign-jihadist-iraq-syria-unprecedented-un-isis.
24 Ibid.
25 Jack Cloherty and others, “ISIS Propaganda Machine IsSophisticated and Prolific, US Officials Say,” ABC News,May 7, 2015, available at http://abcnews.go.com/International/isis-propaganda-machine-sophisticated-prolific-us-officials/story?id=30888982.
26 Alessandria Masi, “ISIS Recruiting Westerners,” Interna-tional Business Times, September 8, 2014, available at:http://www.ibtimes.com/isis-recruiting-westerners-how-islamic-state-goes-after-non-muslims-recent-converts-west-1680076.
27 Will Oremus, “ISIS Has a ‘Jihadi Help Desk’ and an OnlinePrivacy Manual, Because Terrorists Need Tech Support
Too,” Slate, November 19, 2015, available at http://www.slate.com/blogs/future_tense/2015/11/19/ter-rorist_tech_support_isis_has_a_jihadi_help_desk_on-line_privacy_manual.html.
28 Rukmini Callimachi, “ISIS and the Lonely Young Ameri-can,” The New York Times, June 28, 2015, available athttp://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/28/world/americas/isis-online-recruiting-american.html.
29 Rys Farthing, “ISIS Wouldn’t Be Here If There Wasn’tIslamophobia,” Daily Mirror , March 17, 2015, availableat http://www.mirror.co.uk/news/world-news/isis-islamophobia-muslim-girls-edl-5348349.
30 Kristin Archick and others, “European Fighters in Syriaand Iraq” (Washington: Congressional Research Ser vice,2015), available at https://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/R44003.pdf .
https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/security/report/2015/11/19/126018/after-the-paris-attacks/https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/security/report/2015/11/19/126018/after-the-paris-attacks/https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/security/report/2015/11/19/126018/after-the-paris-attacks/http://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/23/world/europe/paris-attacks-isis-threatens-west.html?_r=1http://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/23/world/europe/paris-attacks-isis-threatens-west.html?_r=1http://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/23/world/europe/paris-attacks-isis-threatens-west.html?_r=1http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/nov/14/islamic-state-goes-global-paris-attackshttp://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/nov/14/islamic-state-goes-global-paris-attackshttps://foreignpolicy.com/2015/11/16/how-the-islamic-state-declared-war-on-the-world-actual-state/https://foreignpolicy.com/2015/11/16/how-the-islamic-state-declared-war-on-the-world-actual-state/http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/islamic-state-files-show-structure-of-islamist-terror-group-a-1029274.htmlhttp://www.spiegel.de/international/world/islamic-state-files-show-structure-of-islamist-terror-group-a-1029274.htmlhttp://www.spiegel.de/international/world/islamic-state-files-show-structure-of-islamist-terror-group-a-1029274.htmlhttps://azelin.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/abu-bakr-naji-the-management-of-savagery-the-most-critical-stage-through-which-the-umma-will-pass.pdfhttps://azelin.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/abu-bakr-naji-the-management-of-savagery-the-most-critical-stage-through-which-the-umma-will-pass.pdfhttps://azelin.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/abu-bakr-naji-the-management-of-savagery-the-most-critical-stage-through-which-the-umma-will-pass.pdfhttps://azelin.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/abu-bakr-naji-the-management-of-savagery-the-most-critical-stage-through-which-the-umma-will-pass.pdfhttp://www.nybooks.com/blogs/nyrblog/2015/nov/16/paris-attacks-isis-strategy-chaos/http://www.nybooks.com/blogs/nyrblog/2015/nov/16/paris-attacks-isis-strategy-chaos/http://www.motherjones.com/mojo/2015/11/isis-magazine-dabiq-paris-beirut-russiahttp://www.motherjones.com/mojo/2015/11/isis-magazine-dabiq-paris-beirut-russiahttp://www.understandingwar.org/sites/default/files/INTSUM_Summary_update.pdfhttp://www.understandingwar.org/sites/default/files/INTSUM_Summary_update.pdfhttp://www.understandingwar.org/sites/default/files/INTSUM_Summary_update.pdfhttp://www.brookings.edu/blogs/markaz/posts/2014/10/03-isis-apocalyptic-showdown-syria-mccantshttp://www.brookings.edu/blogs/markaz/posts/2014/10/03-isis-apocalyptic-showdown-syria-mccantshttp://www.brookings.edu/blogs/markaz/posts/2014/10/03-isis-apocalyptic-showdown-syria-mccantshttps://ansarukhilafah.wordpress.com/2015/02/14/the-extinction-of-thr-grayzone/https://ansarukhilafah.wordpress.com/2015/02/14/the-extinction-of-thr-grayzone/http://www.ibtimes.com/who-fighting-isis-map-us-led-coalition-campaign-after-paris-attacks-2185295http://www.ibtimes.com/who-fighting-isis-map-us-led-coalition-campaign-after-paris-attacks-2185295http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/11/17/in-nations-with-significant-muslim-populations-much-disdain-for-isis/http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/11/17/in-nations-with-significant-muslim-populations-much-disdain-for-isis/http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/11/17/in-nations-with-significant-muslim-populations-much-disdain-for-isis/http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/11/17/in-nations-with-significant-muslim-populations-much-disdain-for-isis/https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2014/09/10/statement-president-isil-1https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2014/09/10/statement-president-isil-1https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2014/09/10/statement-president-isil-1http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/world/2011-06-24-Osama-bin-Laden-Al-qaeda_n.htmhttp://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/world/2011-06-24-Osama-bin-Laden-Al-qaeda_n.htmhttps://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2015/09/29/remarks-president-obama-leaders-summit-countering-isil-and-violenthttps://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2015/09/29/remarks-president-obama-leaders-summit-countering-isil-and-violenthttps://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2015/09/29/remarks-president-obama-leaders-summit-countering-isil-and-violenthttp://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/oct/30/foreign-jihadist-iraq-syria-unprecedented-un-isishttp://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/oct/30/foreign-jihadist-iraq-syria-unprecedented-un-isishttp://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/oct/30/foreign-jihadist-iraq-syria-unprecedented-un-isishttp://abcnews.go.com/International/isis-propaganda-machine-sophisticated-prolific-us-officials/story?id=30888982http://abcnews.go.com/International/isis-propaganda-machine-sophisticated-prolific-us-officials/story?id=30888982http://abcnews.go.com/International/isis-propaganda-machine-sophisticated-prolific-us-officials/story?id=30888982http://www.ibtimes.com/isis-recruiting-westerners-how-islamic-state-goes-after-non-muslims-recent-converts-west-1680076http://www.ibtimes.com/isis-recruiting-westerners-how-islamic-state-goes-after-non-muslims-recent-converts-west-1680076http://www.ibtimes.com/isis-recruiting-westerners-how-islamic-state-goes-after-non-muslims-recent-converts-west-1680076http://www.slate.com/blogs/future_tense/2015/11/19/terrorist_tech_support_isis_has_a_jihadi_help_desk_online_privacy_manual.htmlhttp://www.slate.com/blogs/future_tense/2015/11/19/terrorist_tech_support_isis_has_a_jihadi_help_desk_online_privacy_manual.htmlhttp://www.slate.com/blogs/future_tense/2015/11/19/terrorist_tech_support_isis_has_a_jihadi_help_desk_online_privacy_manual.htmlhttp://www.slate.com/blogs/future_tense/2015/11/19/terrorist_tech_support_isis_has_a_jihadi_help_desk_online_privacy_manual.htmlhttp://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/28/world/americas/isis-online-recruiting-american.htmlhttp://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/28/world/americas/isis-online-recruiting-american.htmlhttp://www.mirror.co.uk/news/world-news/isis-islamophobia-muslim-girls-edl-5348349http://www.mirror.co.uk/news/world-news/isis-islamophobia-muslim-girls-edl-5348349https://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/R44003.pdfhttps://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/R44003.pdfhttps://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/R44003.pdfhttps://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/R44003.pdfhttp://www.mirror.co.uk/news/world-news/isis-islamophobia-muslim-girls-edl-5348349http://www.mirror.co.uk/news/world-news/isis-islamophobia-muslim-girls-edl-5348349http://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/28/world/americas/isis-online-recruiting-american.htmlhttp://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/28/world/americas/isis-online-recruiting-american.htmlhttp://www.slate.com/blogs/future_tense/2015/11/19/terrorist_tech_support_isis_has_a_jihadi_help_desk_online_privacy_manual.htmlhttp://www.slate.com/blogs/future_tense/2015/11/19/terrorist_tech_support_isis_has_a_jihadi_help_desk_online_privacy_manual.htmlhttp://www.slate.com/blogs/future_tense/2015/11/19/terrorist_tech_support_isis_has_a_jihadi_help_desk_online_privacy_manual.htmlhttp://www.slate.com/blogs/future_tense/2015/11/19/terrorist_tech_support_isis_has_a_jihadi_help_desk_online_privacy_manual.htmlhttp://www.ibtimes.com/isis-recruiting-westerners-how-islamic-state-goes-after-non-muslims-recent-converts-west-1680076http://www.ibtimes.com/isis-recruiting-westerners-how-islamic-state-goes-after-non-muslims-recent-converts-west-1680076http://www.ibtimes.com/isis-recruiting-westerners-how-islamic-state-goes-after-non-muslims-recent-converts-west-1680076http://abcnews.go.com/International/isis-propaganda-machine-sophisticated-prolific-us-officials/story?id=30888982http://abcnews.go.com/International/isis-propaganda-machine-sophisticated-prolific-us-officials/story?id=30888982http://abcnews.go.com/International/isis-propaganda-machine-sophisticated-prolific-us-officials/story?id=30888982http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/oct/30/foreign-jihadist-iraq-syria-unprecedented-un-isishttp://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/oct/30/foreign-jihadist-iraq-syria-unprecedented-un-isishttp://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/oct/30/foreign-jihadist-iraq-syria-unprecedented-un-isishttps://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2015/09/29/remarks-president-obama-leaders-summit-countering-isil-and-violenthttps://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2015/09/29/remarks-president-obama-leaders-summit-countering-isil-and-violenthttps://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2015/09/29/remarks-president-obama-leaders-summit-countering-isil-and-violenthttp://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/world/2011-06-24-Osama-bin-Laden-Al-qaeda_n.htmhttp://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/world/2011-06-24-Osama-bin-Laden-Al-qaeda_n.htmhttps://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2014/09/10/statement-president-isil-1https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2014/09/10/statement-president-isil-1https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2014/09/10/statement-president-isil-1http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/11/17/in-nations-with-significant-muslim-populations-much-disdain-for-isis/http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/11/17/in-nations-with-significant-muslim-populations-much-disdain-for-isis/http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/11/17/in-nations-with-significant-muslim-populations-much-disdain-for-isis/http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/11/17/in-nations-with-significant-muslim-populations-much-disdain-for-isis/http://www.ibtimes.com/who-fighting-isis-map-us-led-coalition-campaign-after-paris-attacks-2185295http://www.ibtimes.com/who-fighting-isis-map-us-led-coalition-campaign-after-paris-attacks-2185295https://ansarukhilafah.wordpress.com/2015/02/14/the-extinction-of-thr-grayzone/https://ansarukhilafah.wordpress.com/2015/02/14/the-extinction-of-thr-grayzone/http://www.brookings.edu/blogs/markaz/posts/2014/10/03-isis-apocalyptic-showdown-syria-mccantshttp://www.brookings.edu/blogs/markaz/posts/2014/10/03-isis-apocalyptic-showdown-syria-mccantshttp://www.brookings.edu/blogs/markaz/posts/2014/10/03-isis-apocalyptic-showdown-syria-mccantshttp://www.understandingwar.org/sites/default/files/INTSUM_Summary_update.pdfhttp://www.understandingwar.org/sites/default/files/INTSUM_Summary_update.pdfhttp://www.understandingwar.org/sites/default/files/INTSUM_Summary_update.pdfhttp://www.motherjones.com/mojo/2015/11/isis-magazine-dabiq-paris-beirut-russiahttp://www.motherjones.com/mojo/2015/11/isis-magazine-dabiq-paris-beirut-russiahttp://www.nybooks.com/blogs/nyrblog/2015/nov/16/paris-attacks-isis-strategy-chaos/http://www.nybooks.com/blogs/nyrblog/2015/nov/16/paris-attacks-isis-strategy-chaos/https://azelin.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/abu-bakr-naji-the-management-of-savagery-the-most-critical-stage-through-which-the-umma-will-pass.pdfhttps://azelin.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/abu-bakr-naji-the-management-of-savagery-the-most-critical-stage-through-which-the-umma-will-pass.pdfhttps://azelin.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/abu-bakr-naji-the-management-of-savagery-the-most-critical-stage-through-which-the-umma-will-pass.pdfhttps://azelin.files.wordpress.com/2010/08/abu-bakr-naji-the-management-of-savagery-the-most-critical-stage-through-which-the-umma-will-pass.pdfhttp://www.spiegel.de/international/world/islamic-state-files-show-structure-of-islamist-terror-group-a-1029274.htmlhttp://www.spiegel.de/international/world/islamic-state-files-show-structure-of-islamist-terror-group-a-1029274.htmlhttp://www.spiegel.de/international/world/islamic-state-files-show-structure-of-islamist-terror-group-a-1029274.htmlhttps://foreignpolicy.com/2015/11/16/how-the-islamic-state-declared-war-on-the-world-actual-state/https://foreignpolicy.com/2015/11/16/how-the-islamic-state-declared-war-on-the-world-actual-state/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/nov/14/islamic-state-goes-global-paris-attackshttp://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/nov/14/islamic-state-goes-global-paris-attackshttp://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/23/world/europe/paris-attacks-isis-threatens-west.html?_r=1http://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/23/world/europe/paris-attacks-isis-threatens-west.html?_r=1http://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/23/world/europe/paris-attacks-isis-threatens-west.html?_r=1https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/security/report/2015/11/19/126018/after-the-paris-attacks/https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/security/report/2015/11/19/126018/after-the-paris-attacks/https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/security/report/2015/11/19/126018/after-the-paris-attacks/
-
8/20/2019 Anti-Muslim Sentiment Is a Serious Threat to American Security
19/20
16 Center for American Progress | Anti-Muslim Sentiment Is a Serious Threat to American Security
31 Ibid.
32 Ben Farmer, “Who Were the Terrorists? EverythingWe Know About the ISIL Attackers So Far,” The DailyTelegraph , November 20, 2015, available at http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/france/11996120/Paris-attack-what-we-know-about-the-suspects.html.
33 Archick and others, “European Fighters in Syria andIraq.”
34 Callimachi, “ISIS and the Lonely Young American.”
35 Muslim Public Affairs Council, “Data on Post-9/11 Terror-ism in the United States” (Washington: Muslim PublicAffairs Council, 2012), available at http://www.mpac.org/assets/docs/publications/MPAC-Post-911-Terror-ism-Data.pdf .
36 See Wajahat Ali and others, “Fear, Inc.: The Roots ofthe Islamophobia Network in America” (Washington:Center for American Progress, 2011), available athttps://www.americanprogress.org/issues/religion/report/2011/08/26/10165/fear-inc/; Matt Duss andothers, “Fear, Inc. 2.0: The Islamophobia Network’sEfforts to Manufacture Hate in America” (Washington:Center for American Progress, 2015), available athttps://www.americanprogress.org/issues/religion/report/2015/02/11/106394/fear-inc-2-0/.
37 The White House, “‘Islam is Peace’ Says President ,”Press release, September 17, 2001, available at http://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releas-es/2001/09/20010917-11.html.
38 Alex Seitz-Wald, “Exclusive: Frank Gaffney WasBarred From Participating in CPAC, So He Inventeda Reason to ‘Boycott’ It,” ThinkProgress, February15, 2011, available at http://thinkprogress.org/poli-tics/2011/02/15/144098/frank-gaffney-banned-from-cpac/.
39 Duss and others, “Fear, Inc. 2.0: The IslamophobiaNetwork’s Efforts to Manufacture Hate in America.”
40 Tamron Hall, “Growing Number of States Seek to BlockSyrian Refugees,” MSNBC, November 17, 2015, availableat http://www.msnbc.com/tamron-hall/watch/26-governors-oppose-syrian-refugees-568540739567.
41 Lisa Mascaro, “House Votes to Block Syrian Refu-gees Despite White House Veto Threat,” Los AngelesTimes, November 19, 2015, available at http://www.latimes.com/nation/politics/la-na-congress-refugees-20151119-story.html.
42 Theodoric Meyer, “Rubio Sees a ‘Clash of Civilizations,’”Politico , November 15, 2015, available at http://www.politico.com/story/2015/11/marco-rubio-paris-attacks-isil-215905.
43 Ibid.
44 The American Security Against Foreign Enemies Act of2015, H.R. 4038, 114 Cong. 1 sess. (Government PrintingOffice, 2015), Sec. 2, available at https://homeland.house.gov/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/111815-HR4038.pdf .
45 U.S. Department of State, “Proposed Refugee Admis-sions for Fiscal Year 2016,” Press release, October 1,2015, available at http://www.state.gov/j/prm/releases/docsforcongress/247770.htm.
46 Peter Schroeder and Tim Devaney, “Syria Refugee FightEmerges as Government Shutdown Threat,” The Hill ,November 23, 2015, available at http://thehill.com/policy/finance/260966-syria-refugee-fight-emerges-as-government-shutdown-threat.
47 Margaret Hartmann, “GOP to Drop Planned ParenthoodFight, Shut D own Government Over Syrian Refugees,”New York , November 17, 2015, available at http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2015/11/gop-may-shutdown-goverment-over-syrian-refugees.html#.
48 Refugee Council USA, “History of the U.S. Refugee
Resettlement Program,” available at http://www.rcusa.org/history (last accessed November 2015).
49 Center for American Progress, “Infographic: The Screen-ing Process for Entry to the United States for SyrianRefugees,” November 18, 2015, available at https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/immigration/news/2015/11/18/125812/infographic-the-screening-process-for-entry-to-the-united-states-for-syrian-refugees/.
50 Tom Jawetz and Ken Gude, “American At Its Best ,”Center for American Progress, November 18, 2015,available at https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/immigration/news/2015/11/18/125802/america-at-its-best/.
51 Christopher Mathias and Andy Campbell, “A Run-ning List of Shameful Islamophobic Acts Since the
Paris Attacks,” The Huffington Post, November 20,2015, available at http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/all-the-islamophobic-acts-in-us-canada-since-paris_564cee09e4b031745cef9dda.
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/france/11996120/Paris-attack-what-we-know-about-the-suspects.htmlhttp://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/france/11996120/Paris-attack-what-we-know-about-the-suspects.htmlhttp://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/france/11996120/Paris-attack-what-we-know-about-the-suspects.htmlhttp://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/france/11996120/Paris-attack-what-we-know-about-the-suspects.htmlhttp://www.mpac.org/assets/docs/publications/MPAC-Post-911-Terrorism-Data.pdfhttp://www.mpac.org/assets/docs/publications/MPAC-Post-911-Terrorism-Data.pdfhttp://www.mpac.org/assets/docs/publications/MPAC-Post-911-Terrorism-Data.pdfhttps://www.americanprogress.org/issues/religion/report/2011/08/26/10165/fear-inc/https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/religion/report/2011/08/26/10165/fear-inc/https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/religion/report/2015/02/11/106394/fear-inc-2-0/https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/religion/report/2015/02/11/106394/fear-inc-2-0/http://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2001/09/20010917-11.htmlhttp://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2001/09/20010917-11.htmlhttp://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2001/09/20010917-11.htmlhttp://thinkprogress.org/politics/2011/02/15/144098/frank-gaffney-banned-from-cpac/http://thinkprogress.org/politics/2011/02/15/144098/frank-gaffney-banned-from-cpac/http://thinkprogress.org/politics/2011/02/15/144098/frank-gaffney-banned-from-cpac/http://www.msnbc.com/tamron-hall/watch/26-governors-oppose-syrian-refugees-568540739567http://www.msnbc.com/tamron-hall/watch/26-governors-oppose-syrian-refugees-568540739567http://www.latimes.com/nation/politics/la-na-congress-refugees-20151119-story.htmlhttp://www.latimes.com/nation/politics/la-na-congress-refugees-20151119-story.htmlhttp://www.latimes.com/nation/politics/la-na-congress-refugees-20151119-story.htmlhttp://www.politico.com/story/2015/11/marco-rubio-paris-attacks-isil-215905http://www.politico.com/story/2015/11/marco-rubio-paris-attacks-isil-215905http://www.politico.com/story/2015/11/marco-rubio-paris-attacks-isil-215905https://homeland.house.gov/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/111815-HR4038.pdfhttps://homeland.house.gov/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/111815-HR4038.pdfhttps://homeland.house.gov/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/111815-HR4038.pdfhttp://www.state.gov/j/prm/releases/docsforcongress/247770.htmhttp://www.state.gov/j/prm/releases/docsforcongress/247770.htmhttp://thehill.com/policy/finance/260966-syria-refugee-fight-emerges-as-government-shutdown-threathttp://thehill.com/policy/finance/260966-syria-refugee-fight-emerges-as-government-shutdown-threathttp://thehill.com/policy/finance/260966-syria-refugee-fight-emerges-as-government-shutdown-threathttp://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2015/11/gop-may-shutdown-goverment-over-syrian-refugees.htmlhttp://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2015/11/gop-may-shutdown-goverment-over-syrian-refugees.htmlhttp://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2015/11/gop-may-shutdown-goverment-over-syrian-refugees.htmlhttp://www.rcusa.org/historyhttp://www.rcusa.org/historyhttps://www.americanprogress.org/issues/immigration/news/2015/11/18/125812/infographic-the-screening-process-for-entry-to-the-united-states-for-syrian-refugees/https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/immigration/news/2015/11/18/125812/infographic-the-screening-process-for-entry-to-the-united-states-for-syrian-refugees/https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/immigration/news/2015/11/18/125812/infographic-the-screening-process-for-entry-to-the-united-states-for-syrian-refugees/https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/immigration/news/2015/11/18/125812/infographic-the-screening-process-for-entry-to-the-united-states-for-syrian-refugees/https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/immigration/news/2015/11/18/125812/infographic-the-screening-process-for-entry-to-the-united-states-for-syrian-refugees/https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/immigration/news/2015/11/18/125802/america-at-its-best/https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/immigration/news/2015/11/18/125802/america-at-its-best/https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/immigration/news/2015/11/18/125802/america-at-its-best/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/all-the-islamophobic-acts-in-us-canada-since-paris_564cee09e4b031745cef9ddahttp://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/all-the-islamophobic-acts-in-us-canada-since-paris_564cee09e4b031745cef9ddahttp://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/all-the-islamophobic-acts-in-us-canada-since-paris_564cee09e4b031745cef9ddahttp://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/all-the-islamophobic-acts-in-us-canada-since-paris_564cee09e4b031745cef9ddahttp://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/all-the-islamophobic-acts-in-us-canada-since-paris_564cee09e4b031745cef9ddahttp://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/all-the-islamophobic-acts-in-us-canada-since-paris_564cee09e4b031745cef9ddahttps://www.americanprogress.org/issues/immigration/news/2015/11/18/125802/america-at-its-best/https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/immigration/news/2015/11/18/125802/america-at-its-best/https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/immigration/news/2015/11/18/125802/america-at-its-best/https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/immigration/news/2015/11/18/125812/infographic-the-screening-process-for-entry-to-the-united-states-for-syrian-refugees/https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/immigration/news/2015/11/18/125812/infographic-the-screening-process-for-entry-to-the-united-states-for-syrian-refugees/https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/immigration/news/2015/11/18/125812/infographic-the-screening-process-for-entry-to-the-united-states-for-syrian-refugees/https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/immigration/news/2015/11/18/125812/infographic-the-screening-process-for-entry-to-the-united-states-for-syrian-refugees/https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/immigration/news/2015/11/18/125812/infographic-the-screening-process-for-entry-to-the-united-states-for-syrian-refugees/http://www.rcusa.org/historyhttp://www.rcusa.org/historyhttp://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2015/11/gop-may-shutdown-goverment-over-syrian-refugees.htmlhttp://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2015/11/gop-may-shutdown-goverment-over-syrian-refugees.htmlhttp://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2015/11/gop-may-shutdown-goverment-over-syrian-refugees.htmlhttp://thehill.com/policy/finance/260966-syria-refugee-fight-emerges-as-government-shutdown-threathttp://thehill.com/policy/finance/260966-syria-refugee-fight-emerges-as-government-shutdown-threathttp://thehill.com/policy/finance/260966-syria-refugee-fight-emerges-as-government-shutdown-threathttp://www.state.gov/j/prm/releases/docsforcongress/247770.htmhttp://www.state.gov/j/prm/releases/docsforcongress/247770.htmhttps://homeland.house.gov/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/111815-HR4038.pdfhttps://homeland.house.gov/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/111815-HR4038.pdfhttps://homeland.house.gov/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/111815-HR4038.pdfhttp://www.politico.com/story/2015/11/marco-rubio-paris-attacks-isil-215905http://www.politico.com/story/2015/11/marco-rubio-paris-attacks-isil-215905http://www.politico.com/story/2015/11/marco-rubio-paris-attacks-isil-215905http://www.latimes.com/nation/politics/la-na-congress-refugees-20151119-story.htmlhttp://www.latimes.com/nation/politics/la-na-congress-refugees-20151119-story.htmlhttp://www.latimes.com/nation/politics/la-na-congress-refugees-20151119-story.htmlhttp://www.msnbc.com/tamron-hall/watch/26-governors-oppose-syrian-refugees-568540739567http://www.msnbc.com/tamron-hall/watch/26-governors-oppose-syrian-refugees-568540739567http://thinkprogress.org/politics/2011/02/15/144098/frank-gaffney-banned-from-cpac/http://thinkprogress.org/politics/2011/02/15/144098/frank-gaffney-banned-from-cpac/http://thinkprogress.org/politics/2011/02/15/144098/frank-gaffney-banned-from-cpac/http://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2001/09/20010917-11.htmlhttp://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2001/09/20010917-11.htmlhttp://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2001/09/20010917-11.htmlhttps://www.americanprogress.org/issues/religion/report/2015/02/11/106394/fear-inc-2-0/https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/religion/report/2015/02/11/106394/fear-inc-2-0/https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/religion/report/2011/08/26/10165/fear-inc/https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/religion/report/2011/08/26/10165/fear-inc/http://www.mpac.org/assets/docs/publications/MPAC-Post-911-Terrorism-Data.pdfhttp://www.mpac.org/assets/docs/publications/MPAC-Post-911-Terrorism-Data.pdfhttp://www.mpac.org/assets/docs/publications/MPAC-Post-911-Terrorism-Data.pdfhttp://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/france/11996120/Paris-attack-what-we-know-about-the-suspects.htmlhttp://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/france/11996120/Paris-attack-what-we-know-about-the-suspects.htmlhttp://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/france/11996120/Paris-attack-what-we-know-about-the-suspects.htmlhttp://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/france/11996120/Paris-attack-what-we-know-about-the-suspects.html
-
8/20/2019 Anti-Muslim Sentiment Is a Serious Threat to American Security
20/20
Our Mission
The Center for American
Progress is an independent,
nonpartisan policy institute
that is dedicated to improving
the lives of all Americans,
through bold, progressive
ideas, as well as strongleadership and concerted
action. Our aim is not just to
change the conversation, but
to change the country.
Our Values
As progressives, we believe
America should be a land of
boundless opportunity, where
people can climb the ladder
of economic mobility. We
believe we owe it to future
generations to protect theplanet and promote peace
and shared global prosperity.
And we believe an effective
government can earn the
trust of the American people,
champion the common
good over narrow self-interest,
and harness the strength ofour diversity.
Our Approach
We develop new policy ideas
challenge the media to cover
the issues that truly matter,
and shape the national debat
With policy teams in major
issue areas, American Progres
can think creatively at thecross-section of traditional
boundaries to develop ideas
for policymakers that lead to
real change. By employing an
extensive communications
and outreach effort that we
adapt to a rapidly changing
media landscape, we move
our ideas aggressively in thenational policy debate.