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Antibiotic Market Trends

Source 1

This the title of the source

- Generic antibiotic industries: Challenges and implied strategies withregulatory perspectives

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3030!/

-those subtitle included in the same sourceGeneric Pharma ndustries ! Generic "edicines

#istory of $ntibioticsGeneric $ntibiotics in Cost %eduction

#istory of Generic $ntibiotic %egulations in &S$Global Scenario of $ntibiotics

Source '" Can biotech deliver new antibiotics#https:!!www(msu(edu!course!mmg!))*!+ecture,'.otes/0les!arett2S(pdf

Source 3This so$rce can be $se an e%ample

http://www.li&$isearch.com/statin/histor'

Statin - HistoryHistory

In 1971, Akira Endo, a Japanese biochemist working for the pharmacetica! company Sankyo, began

the search for a cho!estero!-!owering drg" #esearch had a!ready shown that cho!estero! is most!y

manfactred by the body in the !i$er, sing an en%yme known as H&'-(oA redctase" Endo and his

team reasoned that certain microorganisms may prodce inhibitors of the en%yme to defend

themse!$es against other organisms, as me$a!onate is a precrsor of many sbstances re)ired by

organisms for the maintenance of their ce!! wa!! *ergostero!+ or cytoske!eton *isoprenoids+" he firstagent they identified was me$astatin *&-./0+, a mo!ec!e prodced by the fngs Penicillium

citrinum"

&e$astatin was ne$er marketed, becase of its ad$erse effects of tmors, msc!e deterioration, and

sometimes death in !aboratory dogs" 2" #oy 3age!os, chief scientist and !ater (E4 of&erck5 (o, was

interested, and made se$era! trips to Japan starting in 1976" y 197, &erck had iso!ated !o$astatin

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053506/https://www.msu.edu/course/mmg/445/Lecture%20Notes_files/BarettJS.pdfhttp://www.liquisearch.com/what_is_endohttp://www.liquisearch.com/what_is_merckhttps://www.msu.edu/course/mmg/445/Lecture%20Notes_files/BarettJS.pdfhttp://www.liquisearch.com/what_is_endohttp://www.liquisearch.com/what_is_merckhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3053506/

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*me$ino!in, &8/+ from the fngsAspergillus terreus, first marketed in 197 as &e$acor"

A !ink between cho!estero! and cardio$asc!ar disease, known as the !ipid hypothesis, had a!ready

been sggested" (ho!estero! is the main constitent of atheroma, the fatty !mps in the wa!! of

arteries that occr in atherosc!erosis and, when rptred, case the $ast ma:ority of heart attacks"

reatment consisted main!y of dietary measres sch as a !ow-fat diet, and poor!y to!erated medicines

sch as c!ofibrate, cho!estyramine and nicotinic acid" (ho!estero! researcher ;anie! Steinberg writes

that whi!e the (oronary 2rimary 2re$ention ria! of 19< demonstrated that cho!estero! !owering co!d

significant!y redce the risk of heart attacks and angina, physicians, inc!ding cardio!ogists, remained

!arge!y ncon$inced"

o market statins effecti$e!y, &erck had to con$ince the pb!ic abot the dangers of high cho!estero!,

and doctors that statins were safe and wo!d e=tend !i$es" As a res!t of pb!ic campaigns, peop!e

became fami!iar with their cho!estero! nmbers and the difference between >good> and >bad>

cho!estero!, and ri$a! pharmacetica! companies began prodcing their own statins, sch as

pra$astatin *2ra$acho!+, manfactred by Sankyo and risto!-&yers S)ibb" In Apri! 199, were annonced"

#esearchers tested sim$astatin, !ater so!d by &erck as ?ocor, on