anxiety disorders
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Anxiety Disorders. Chapter 11 Section 2. Types of Anxiety Disorders. Disorders are characterized by excessive or inappropriate anxiety reactions. Major types Phobias Panic disorder Generalized anxiety disorder Obsessive-compulsive disorder. Phobias. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Anxiety DisordersChapter 11 Section 2
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Types of Anxiety DisordersDisorders are characterized by
excessive or inappropriate anxiety reactions.
Major types◦Phobias◦Panic disorder◦Generalized anxiety disorder◦Obsessive-compulsive disorder
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PHOBIASPhobias- Irrational or excessive fears of particular objects or situations.The DSM-IV classifies 3 types of phobic disorders.
• Social phobia (meeting others, dating, giving speeches in class)
• Specific phobia (heights, animals, insects, enclosed spaces)• Agoraphobia (open or public places)
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Phobia
Anyone have a phobia?
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Phobias
http://phobialist.com/
http://www.unusualphobias.com/Phobias.html
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Panic DisorderPeople with panic disorder experience sudden
episodes of sheer terror.
Characterized by intense physical symptoms (Write down 3)◦ Profuse sweating◦ Nausea◦ Numbness or tingling◦ Chills◦ Trembling◦ Chest pain◦ Shortness of breath◦ Rapid heartbeat
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Panic DisorderPanic disorder can, at first, come
out of the blue.
Later, they are usually associated with situations◦Agoraphobia can develop in people
who have panic disorders.
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Generalized Anxiety DisorderExperience persistent anxiety
that is not tied to any particular object or situation.
Anxiety is a “free floating” quality that travels with the person from place to place.
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Obsessive-Compulsive DisorderPersistent obsessions and/or
compulsions.
Nagging, intrusive thoughts that are unable to be controlled.
Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or “rituals” the person performs again and again.
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So…What’s the difference between a compulsion and a superstition?
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Causes of Anxiety DisordersBiological Factors◦Genetics have been found to be a cause of panic disorders, generalized anxiety disorder, OCD, and phobic disorders
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Causes of Anxiety DisordersBiological Factors
◦Biochemical changes in brain trigger an “internal alarm” to induce panic
◦Obsessional thinking may be linked to danger sensing areas of the brain may be heightened in some people.
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Causes of Anxiety DisordersPsychological Factors
◦Phobias may be learned through classical conditioning (people who have been bit by dogs maybe scared of them).
◦Operant conditioning may reinforce avoidance behavior (avoidance of object is negatively reinforced by feelings of safety).
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Causes of Anxiety DisordersNegative reinforcement can help perpetuate OCD (obsessive thoughts trigger anxiety, which is partially relieved through performing a ritual. In effect, the solution becomes the problem)
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Causes of Anxiety Disorders Triggering
stimulus(internal or external)
Perceived Threat
Feelings of apprehensi
on or worry
Body Sensations
Catastrophic interpretation
s of sensations