ap physics c mechanicscontent.njctl.org/courses/science/ap-physics-c...5 2which of the following is...

36
1

Upload: others

Post on 21-Jan-2021

2 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: AP Physics C Mechanicscontent.njctl.org/courses/science/ap-physics-c...5 2Which of the following is a true statement? A It is possible to add a scalar quantity to a vector. B The magnitude

1

Page 2: AP Physics C Mechanicscontent.njctl.org/courses/science/ap-physics-c...5 2Which of the following is a true statement? A It is possible to add a scalar quantity to a vector. B The magnitude

2

AP Physics C ­ Mechanics Vectors

2015­12­03

www.njctl.org

Page 3: AP Physics C Mechanicscontent.njctl.org/courses/science/ap-physics-c...5 2Which of the following is a true statement? A It is possible to add a scalar quantity to a vector. B The magnitude

3

Scalar Versus Vector

A scalar has only a physical quantity such as mass, speed, and time.     

A vector has both a magnitude and a direction associated with it, such as velocity and acceleration.

A vector is denoted by an arrow above the variable,

Page 4: AP Physics C Mechanicscontent.njctl.org/courses/science/ap-physics-c...5 2Which of the following is a true statement? A It is possible to add a scalar quantity to a vector. B The magnitude

4

1 Is this a vector or a scalar?

Time

Speed

Velocity

Distance

Displacement

Scalar

Vector

Scalar

Scalar

Vector

Page 5: AP Physics C Mechanicscontent.njctl.org/courses/science/ap-physics-c...5 2Which of the following is a true statement? A It is possible to add a scalar quantity to a vector. B The magnitude

5

2 Which of the following is a true statement? 

A It is possible to add a scalar quantity to a vector. 

BThe magnitude of a vector can be zero even though one of its components is not zero. 

CThe sum of the magnitude of two unequal vectors can be zero. 

DRotating a vector about an axis passing through the tip of the vector does not change the vector. 

E Vectors must be added geometrically. 

Page 6: AP Physics C Mechanicscontent.njctl.org/courses/science/ap-physics-c...5 2Which of the following is a true statement? A It is possible to add a scalar quantity to a vector. B The magnitude

6

Drawing A Vector

Remember displacement is the distance away from your initial  position, it does not account  for the actual distance you  moved.

A vector is always drawn with an arrow at the tip indicating the direction, and the length of the line determines the magnitude.  

Page 7: AP Physics C Mechanicscontent.njctl.org/courses/science/ap-physics-c...5 2Which of the following is a true statement? A It is possible to add a scalar quantity to a vector. B The magnitude

7

Determining Magnitude and Direction

anti­parallel

All of these vectors have the same magnitude, but vector B runs anti­parallel therefore it is denoted negative A.

Page 8: AP Physics C Mechanicscontent.njctl.org/courses/science/ap-physics-c...5 2Which of the following is a true statement? A It is possible to add a scalar quantity to a vector. B The magnitude

8

Vector Addition

Page 9: AP Physics C Mechanicscontent.njctl.org/courses/science/ap-physics-c...5 2Which of the following is a true statement? A It is possible to add a scalar quantity to a vector. B The magnitude

9

Vector Addition MethodsTail to Tip Method 

Page 10: AP Physics C Mechanicscontent.njctl.org/courses/science/ap-physics-c...5 2Which of the following is a true statement? A It is possible to add a scalar quantity to a vector. B The magnitude

10

Vector Addition MethodsParallelogram Method

Place the tails of each vector against one another. Finish drawing the parallelogram with dashed lines and draw a diagonal line from the tails to the other end of the parallelogram to find the vector sum.  

Page 11: AP Physics C Mechanicscontent.njctl.org/courses/science/ap-physics-c...5 2Which of the following is a true statement? A It is possible to add a scalar quantity to a vector. B The magnitude

11

3 If a car under goes a displacement of 3 km North and another of 4 km to the East what is the net displacement?

A 5√2 km

B 5 km

C 4√3 km

D 7 km

E 6 km

3 km

4 km

x

Page 12: AP Physics C Mechanicscontent.njctl.org/courses/science/ap-physics-c...5 2Which of the following is a true statement? A It is possible to add a scalar quantity to a vector. B The magnitude

12

4 If a car under goes a displacement of 3 km North and another of 4 km to the East what is the total distance traveled?

A 5√2 km

B 7 km

C 5 km

D 4 km

E 3 km

3 km

4 km

x

Page 13: AP Physics C Mechanicscontent.njctl.org/courses/science/ap-physics-c...5 2Which of the following is a true statement? A It is possible to add a scalar quantity to a vector. B The magnitude

13

5 Solve for  θ 

A 45o 

B 75o

C 53o D 37o

E 25o

3 km

4 km

x

θ

Page 14: AP Physics C Mechanicscontent.njctl.org/courses/science/ap-physics-c...5 2Which of the following is a true statement? A It is possible to add a scalar quantity to a vector. B The magnitude

14

Vector Components

v

vx

vy

θ

A vector that makes an angle with the axis has both a horizontal and vertical component of velocity.  θ is measured starting at the x axis and rotating in the direction of the y­axis.  

Page 15: AP Physics C Mechanicscontent.njctl.org/courses/science/ap-physics-c...5 2Which of the following is a true statement? A It is possible to add a scalar quantity to a vector. B The magnitude

15

Multiple VectorsWhen dealing with multiple vectors you can just  add the components in order to attain the  components of the vector sum.  

vx

vx

vx

vx

vy

vy vy

vy

Page 16: AP Physics C Mechanicscontent.njctl.org/courses/science/ap-physics-c...5 2Which of the following is a true statement? A It is possible to add a scalar quantity to a vector. B The magnitude

16

6 The components of vector A are given as follows: 

A 4.2 

B 8.4 C 11.8 D 18.9 

E 70.9 

The magnitude of A is closest to:

Page 17: AP Physics C Mechanicscontent.njctl.org/courses/science/ap-physics-c...5 2Which of the following is a true statement? A It is possible to add a scalar quantity to a vector. B The magnitude

17

andare given as follows:

7 The components of vectors 

A 5 

B √17 C 17 D 10 

E 8 

Solve for the magnitude of 

Page 18: AP Physics C Mechanicscontent.njctl.org/courses/science/ap-physics-c...5 2Which of the following is a true statement? A It is possible to add a scalar quantity to a vector. B The magnitude

18

8  The components of vector A are given as follows:

A 339o B 200o C 122o D 21o E 159o 

The angle measured counter­clockwise from the x­axis to vector A, in degrees, is closest to:

Page 19: AP Physics C Mechanicscontent.njctl.org/courses/science/ap-physics-c...5 2Which of the following is a true statement? A It is possible to add a scalar quantity to a vector. B The magnitude

19

9 The components of vector A and B are given as follows: 

A 10.17 

B 4.92C 2.8 D 9.7 

E 25 

The magnitude of B ­ A, is closest to:

Page 20: AP Physics C Mechanicscontent.njctl.org/courses/science/ap-physics-c...5 2Which of the following is a true statement? A It is possible to add a scalar quantity to a vector. B The magnitude

20

10 The magnitude of B is 5.2.  Vector B lies in the 4th quadrant and forms a 30 o with the x­axis.  The components of B x and B y are:

A  B  C  D  

Page 21: AP Physics C Mechanicscontent.njctl.org/courses/science/ap-physics-c...5 2Which of the following is a true statement? A It is possible to add a scalar quantity to a vector. B The magnitude

21

11 The magnitude of vector A is equal to vector B plus vector C. What is the value of vector A? 

A 2.59

B ­1.78 C ­3.42 

D 1.63 E ­2.5 

y

x

5.3

6

45O

30O

Page 22: AP Physics C Mechanicscontent.njctl.org/courses/science/ap-physics-c...5 2Which of the following is a true statement? A It is possible to add a scalar quantity to a vector. B The magnitude

22

12 Vectors A and B are shown. Vector C is given by C = A + B. In the figure above, the magnitude of C is closest to:

A 7.5 

B 3.9 C 5.2 D 9.3 

E 2.6 

30o

60o

Page 23: AP Physics C Mechanicscontent.njctl.org/courses/science/ap-physics-c...5 2Which of the following is a true statement? A It is possible to add a scalar quantity to a vector. B The magnitude

23

Unit VectorsUnit vectors have no units and a magnitude of 1.  Unit Vectors describe a direction in space.  

indicates the x direction

indicates the y direction

indicates the z direction

Any given Vector can be presented in terms of unit vectors:

Page 24: AP Physics C Mechanicscontent.njctl.org/courses/science/ap-physics-c...5 2Which of the following is a true statement? A It is possible to add a scalar quantity to a vector. B The magnitude

24

Unit Vectors

When two vectors A and B are presented in terms of their components, we can express the vector sum R using unit vectors:

Page 25: AP Physics C Mechanicscontent.njctl.org/courses/science/ap-physics-c...5 2Which of the following is a true statement? A It is possible to add a scalar quantity to a vector. B The magnitude

25

13 What is the magnitude of the sum of the following vectors? 

A 9.3

B 12.3C 5.1 D 10.7 

E 3 

Page 26: AP Physics C Mechanicscontent.njctl.org/courses/science/ap-physics-c...5 2Which of the following is a true statement? A It is possible to add a scalar quantity to a vector. B The magnitude

26

Products of VectorsScalar Product also known as Dot Product yields a scalar quantity

value can be positive, zero, or negative depending on  θ.  θ ranges from 0 to 180 degrees.

== =

== =

Page 27: AP Physics C Mechanicscontent.njctl.org/courses/science/ap-physics-c...5 2Which of the following is a true statement? A It is possible to add a scalar quantity to a vector. B The magnitude

27

14 In the figure, find the scalar product of vectors B and C,

A 0 

B 17 C 24 D ­17 

E ­24 45o65o

74

6

Page 28: AP Physics C Mechanicscontent.njctl.org/courses/science/ap-physics-c...5 2Which of the following is a true statement? A It is possible to add a scalar quantity to a vector. B The magnitude

28

15 In the figure, find the scalar product of vectors A and C,

A 0 

B 14 C 42 D ­14 

E ­42  45o65o

74

6

Page 29: AP Physics C Mechanicscontent.njctl.org/courses/science/ap-physics-c...5 2Which of the following is a true statement? A It is possible to add a scalar quantity to a vector. B The magnitude

29

Products of VectorsVector Product also known as the cross product yields another vector.

== =

= ­ =

= ­ =

= ­ =

Page 30: AP Physics C Mechanicscontent.njctl.org/courses/science/ap-physics-c...5 2Which of the following is a true statement? A It is possible to add a scalar quantity to a vector. B The magnitude

30

16 In the figure, find the vector product of vectors A and B.  

A 12 

B 30 C 25 

D 20 

E 10 45o65o

74

6

Page 31: AP Physics C Mechanicscontent.njctl.org/courses/science/ap-physics-c...5 2Which of the following is a true statement? A It is possible to add a scalar quantity to a vector. B The magnitude

31

17 Two vectors are give as follows:  

A  B  C  D  E  

Solve for 

Page 32: AP Physics C Mechanicscontent.njctl.org/courses/science/ap-physics-c...5 2Which of the following is a true statement? A It is possible to add a scalar quantity to a vector. B The magnitude

32

18 Two vectors are give as follows: 

A 2 B ­4 C 7 D 5 E ­12 

Solve for 

Page 33: AP Physics C Mechanicscontent.njctl.org/courses/science/ap-physics-c...5 2Which of the following is a true statement? A It is possible to add a scalar quantity to a vector. B The magnitude

33

19  Which of the following is an accurate statement?

AIf the vectors A and B are each rotated through the same angle about the same axis, the product           will be unchanged.

BIf the vectors A and B are each rotated through the same angle about the same axis, the product A x B will be unchanged 

CIf a vector A is rotated about an axis parallel to vector B, the product          will be changed.

DWhen a scalar quantity is added to a vector, the result is a vector of larger­magnitude than the original vector. 

Page 34: AP Physics C Mechanicscontent.njctl.org/courses/science/ap-physics-c...5 2Which of the following is a true statement? A It is possible to add a scalar quantity to a vector. B The magnitude

34

and20 Solve for the angle between vector  

A 97.93o

B 277.93o

C 57o

D 84.73o

E 124.38o

Page 35: AP Physics C Mechanicscontent.njctl.org/courses/science/ap-physics-c...5 2Which of the following is a true statement? A It is possible to add a scalar quantity to a vector. B The magnitude

35

21 Two vectors are given: 

A 117o B 76o

C 150o D 29o

E 161o 

The angle between vectors A and B, in degrees, is:

Page 36: AP Physics C Mechanicscontent.njctl.org/courses/science/ap-physics-c...5 2Which of the following is a true statement? A It is possible to add a scalar quantity to a vector. B The magnitude

36

22 Two vectors are given: 

A 33

B 29 

C 25 

D 21 E 17 

Solve for the magnitude of