ap united states history exam -...
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AP® United States History ExamSECTIONI:Multiple-ChoiceQuestions
DO NOT OPEN THIS BOOKLET UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.
Instructions
SectionIofthisexamcontains80multiple-choicequestions.Fillinonlytheovalsfornumbers1through80onyouranswersheet.
Indicateallofyouranswerstothemultiple-choicequestionsontheanswersheet.Nocreditwillbegivenforanythingwritteninthisexambooklet,butyoumayusethebookletfornotesorscratchwork.Afteryouhavedecidedwhichofthesuggestedanswersisbest,completelyfillinthecorrespondingovalontheanswersheet.Giveonlyoneanswertoeachquestion.Ifyouchangeananswer,besurethatthepreviousmarkiserasedcompletely.Hereisasamplequestionandanswer.
Sample Question Sample Answer
ThefirstpresidentoftheUnitedStateswas A B C D E(A) Millard Fillmore (B)GeorgeWashington(C)BenjaminFranklin(D) Andrew Jackson (E)HarryTruman
Useyourtimeeffectively,workingasrapidlyasyoucanwithoutlosingaccuracy.Donotspendtoomuchtimeonanyonequestion.Goontootherquestionsandcomebacktotheonesyouhavenotansweredifyouhavetime.Itisnotexpectedthateveryonewillknowtheanswerstoallofthemultiple-choicequestions.
About Guessing
Manycandidateswonderwhetherornottoguesstheanswerstoquestionsaboutwhichtheyarenotcertain.Multiple-choicescoresarebasedonthenumberofquestions answered correctly. Points are not deducted for incorrect answers, and no pointsareawardedforunansweredquestions.Becausepointsarenotdeductedforincorrectanswers,youareencouragedtoanswerallmultiple-choicequestions.Onany questions you do not know the answer to, you should eliminate as many choices asyoucan,andthenselectthebestansweramongtheremainingchoices.
Total Time55 minutesNumber of Questions80Percent of Total Grade50%Writing InstrumentPencil required
At a Glance
The Exam
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UNITED STATES HISToRySECTIoN I
Time—55 minutes
Directions:Eachofthequestionsorincompletestatementsbelowisfollowedbyfivesuggestedanswersorcompletions.Selecttheonethatisbestineachcaseandthenblackenthecorrespondingspaceontheanswersheet.
1. Duringtheseventeenthcentury,colonists’dailylifewasinfluencedthemostby
(A) theBaptistsintheCarolinas(B) thePuritansinMassachusetts(C) theBaptistsinRhodeIsland(D) theAnglicansinVirginia(E) the Catholics in Maryland
2. The“warhawks”intheperiodleadinguptotheWarof1812garneredmostoftheirsupportfrom
(A) NewEngland(B) urbanareas(C) theSouthandWest(D) theNorthwestTerritories(E) the Middle Atlantic states
3. Whichofthefollowingreformersfoughtfortherightsofthementallyill?
(A) RalphWaldoEmerson(B) HoraceMann(C) DorotheaDix(D) Lucretia Mott(E) HelenHuntJackson
4. The map above illustrates
(A) the Missouri Compromise(B) theMilitaryReconstructionActs(C) theWade-DavisBill(D) theCompromiseof1850(E) theMexicanCession
5. JacobA.Riiswasafamous“muckraker”whowroteabout
(A) governmentcorruption(B) thepowerfulunionsofthenineteenthcentury(C) the misery of tenement life(D) thecivilrightsmovement(E) globalwarming
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6. Allofthefollowingoccurredduringthe1920s,EXCEPT
(A) abullmarketonWallStreet(B) thepassageoftheInterstateHighwayAct(C) a rise in consumerism(D) Prohibition(E) theHarlemRenaissance
7. Whichbookwasamajorimpetusinthegrowthofthewomen’smovementinthe1960s?
(A) BettyFriedan’sThe Feminine Mystique(B) RachelCarson’sSilent Spring(C) PearlS.Buck’sThe Good Earth(D) LorraineHansbury’sA Raisin in the Sun(E) HarrietBeecherStowe’sUncle Tom’s Cabin
8. AllofthefollowingactsofPresidentRonaldRea-gan’sadministrationarecharacterizedasareturntoconservativepoliticalvaluesEXCEPT
(A) cutsinthefederalbudget(B) theappointmentofSandraDayO’Connorto
the Supreme Court(C) taxcutsforcorporations(D) thelooseningofgovernmentregulation(E) supply-sideeconomics
9. OnewaythattheleadersoftheMassachusettsBayColonyencouragedtheyoungergenerationtojointhechurchwasbywriting
(A) TheMayflowerCompact(B) TheFundamentalOrders(C) TheHalfwayCovenant(D) TheCambridgeAgreement(E) The Fundamental Constitution
10. InhisFarewellAddressGeorgeWashingtonwarnedagainst
(A) deficitspendingbythegovernment(B) foreignentanglementsandtheformationof
political parties(C) excessiveuseofexecutivepower(D) protestsbyWesternfarmersoverexcisetaxes(E) governmentrelianceonexcisetaxes
“IfIcouldsavetheUnionbyfreeingalltheslaves,Iwoulddoit….WhatIdoaboutslavery,andthecoloredrace,IdobecauseIbelieveithelpstosavetheUnion.”
11. Theabovestatementwasmadebywhichofthefol-lowingpeople?
(A) HoraceGreeley(B) AbrahamLincoln(C) StephenDouglas(D) JamesBuchanan(E) UlyssesS.Grant
12. WhenAbrahamLincolnissuedtheEmancipationProclamation,
(A) itaddedamoraldimensiontotheCivilWar,which became a war to end slavery rather thanawartopreservetheUnion
(B) hebecameknownasthe“GreatEmancipator”(C) theSouthwasdemoralizedbecauseithadlost
asignificantportionofitsmanpower(D) BritishliberalspersuadedParliamenttoenter
the war on the side of the South because EnglandwasdependentonSoutherncotton
(E) slavery was abolished in all states within the Confederacy
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17. WhichofthefollowingwasaresultoftheAlbanyCongress?
(A) ThecoloniesbegantouniteandtakeactionagainsttheBritish.
(B) TheIroquoisNationsignedapeaceagreementwith the colonies.
(C) BenjaminFranklinconvincedtheHuronandIroquoistribestosettletheirdifferences.
(D) TheIroquoisremainedneutralandthecolonists rejected Franklin’s plan for unity.
(E) BenjaminFranklinwasabletoconvincethecolonistsandtheBritishofhisplanforauniteddefenseagainstFrance.
18. Allofthefollowingareassociatedwithloosecon-structionismduringtheearlyyearsoftheUnitedStatesofAmericaEXCEPT
(A) the Federalists(B) Hamilton’sBank(C) the“ElasticClause”(D) restrictionsonfederallegislativepowers(E) federalgovernmentassumptionofstatedebts
19. Allofthefollowingwereprominentanti-slaveryleaders,EXCEPT
(A) NatTurner(B) JohnBrown(C) WilliamLloydGarrison(D) Sojourner Truth(E) PrestonBrooks
20. WhenLincolnwaselectedpresidentin1860,the immediate effect was the
(A) secession of South Carolina(B) celebrationofanti-abolitionistsinNorthern
cities(C) congressionalcensureofseveralNorthern
senators(D) issuance of the Emancipation Proclamation(E) demand for a national draft policy
13. Whatbestaccountsforthesharpincreaseofimmi-grantsduringtheperiod1880–1910?
(A) Many southern and eastern Europeans turned toAmericaforfinancialgainandpoliticalfreedom.
(B) Irishfarmerswereforcedtoleavetheirhomesduetoagriculturaldisasters.
(C) Germanswereseekingwaystoavoidmilitaryconscription.
(D) TheUnitedStateswelcomedimmigrantsbyprovidinghousingandemployment.
(E) Missionarysocietiesencouragedimmigrationfrom all over the world.
14. TheWagnerActdealtwiththerightsof
(A) farmers(B) veterans(C) labor unions(D) the homeless(E) bankers
15. Allofthefollowingoccurredin1968EXCEPT
(A) TheTetOffensive(B) theassassinationofMartinLutherKing(C) the assassination of Robert F. Kennedy(D) TheGulfofTonkinResolution(E) riotsattheDemocraticNationalConventionin
Chicago
16. ThetwopoliticalissuesthatmostconcernedtheCountercultureMovementofthe1960swere
(A) U.S.involvementinVietnamandflagburning(B) thecivilrightsmovementandcensorship(C) U.S.involvementinVietnamandthecivil
rightsmovement(D) Separation of church and state and honesty in
government(E) censorship and the draft
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25. The cartoon above served as
(A) BenFranklin’sexhortationtothecoloniestouniteagainstBritishauthority
(B) BenFranklin’sexhortationtothecoloniestouniteagainsttheFrench
(C) theCommitteeofCorrespondence’swarningofimpendingattackagainstthecolonies
(D) thesloganoftheSonsofLibertyaftertheBostonTeaParty
(E) ThomasPaine’swarningagainstpoliticalrepression
26. TheBattleofSaratogaprovedtobeasignificantturningpointintheRevolutionaryWarbecauseit
(A) was a major defeat for the rebel forces and motivatedBenjaminFranklintogotoEnglandtonegotiatewiththeBritish
(B) demonstratedtoFrancethattheAmericansmightwinthewarandsubsequentlyledtotheFranco-AmericanAllianceof1778
(C) demonstratedthesuperiorityofBritishnavalpower,thusconvincingtheAmericanstoaltertheirstrategy
(D) exposedtheweaknessofAmericanmilitaryleadershipandpavedthewayforGeneralGeorgeWashingtontoassumecommandofthe Continental Army
(E) meantthatEnglandwouldrenounceallfutureclaimstoFrenchterritoryinNorthAmerica
21. UptonSinclair’sThe Jungleinfluencedthecountryandultimatelyledtothepassageof
(A) The Clayton Antitrust Act(B) TheHepburnAct(C) The Sherman Antitrust Act(D) ThePureFoodandDrugAct(E) The Forest Reserve Act
22. John Steinbeck’s The Grapes of Wrath portrays the dismalplightof
(A) poorimmigrants(B) escapedslaves(C) factoryworkersduringtheGreatDepression(D) farmersduringtheDustBowl(E) CivilWarsoldiers
23. TheG.I.BillprovidedWorldWarIIveteranswith
(A) freehousingandmedicalcare(B) studentloansforeducation(C) free education and loans to buy homes, farms,
and small businesses(D) aguaranteedjobwithintheU.S.government(E) low-costeducationinreturnfortwomore
years of service in the armed forces
24. WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutWatergateis true?
(A) Itwasthefirsttimeapresidenthadbeeninvolvedinascandalwhileinoffice.
(B) ItwasoflittleinteresttotheAmericanpeople.(C) ItledtotheresignationofPresidentNixon.(D) ItledtotheimpeachmentofPresidentNixon.(E) ItbolsteredthepopularityoftheRepublican
Party.
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31. EachofthefollowingactivelysoughttoexposecommunistsympathizerswithintheUnitedStatesafterWorldWarII,EXCEPT
(A) RichardNixon(B) AlgerHiss(C) WhittakerChambers(D) Joseph McCarthy(E) Roy Cohn
32. Inhis1985StateoftheUnionAddress,RonaldReaganarticulatedhisforeignpolicygoalsinwhathascometobeknownastheReaganDoctrine.LikeTruman,Reaganpledgedto
(A) supportanti-communistresistancemovements,particularlyintheThirdWorld
(B) sponsorcovertmilitaryoperationstooverthrowcommunistregimesinEasternEurope
(C) easetensionsbetweentheSovietUnionandtheUnitedStates
(D) brokerapeaceagreementbetweenthePalestiniansandtheIsraelis
(E) defendhumanrightsintheWesternHemisphere
33. WhichofthefollowingdidNOTcontributetotheemergenceoftheNewRightofthe1970sand1980s?
(A) The moral majority movement(B) ThepopularityofRonaldReagan(C) The“stagflation”economicconditionofthe
1970s(D) Religiousrevivalism(E) The drop in the stock market
27. President James K. Polk is most closely associated with
(A) Manifest Destiny(B) theabolitionistmovement(C) economic development(D) theWhigParty(E) women’ssuffrage
28. WhichofthefollowingwasNOTaresultof Reconstruction?
(A) AnincreaseinmembershipintheKuKluxKlan
(B) ThepassageofthreeConstitutionalAmendments
(C) The election of black senators and representatives
(D) Theemergenceoftwodistinctfactionswithinthe Republican Party
(E) Governmentgrantsof40acresandamuletoeach freedman
29. W.E.B.DuBoiswasanimportantleaderof
(A) theNationalAssociationfortheAdvancementofColoredPeople(NAACP)
(B) thefeministmovement(C) the Department of Commerce and Labor(D) theKuKluxKlan(E) theStudentNonviolenceCoordinating
Committee
30. AllofthefollowingincreasedgovernmentpowerduringWorldWarIEXCEPTthe
(A) WarIndustriesBoard(B) CreelCommittee(C) Food Administration(D) EspionageAct(E) Dawes Plan
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34. ThemostnotableachievementoftheUnitedStatesunder the Articles of Confederation was
(A) thecreationofastrongexecutiveofficetoleadthenationalgovernment
(B) theempowermentofCongresstoregulatecommerce
(C) theempowermentofCongresstocollecttaxes(D) theprovisionforlandsalesintheNorthwest
thatwouldbenefittheentirenation(E) the establishment of simple majority rule in the
legislaturetoestablishnationalpolicy
35. Allofthefollowingsparkedsupportfortheaboli-tionistmovementEXCEPT
(A) JohnBrown’sraid(B) The Liberator(C) theFugitiveSlaveAct(D) theWilmotProviso(E) the Conscription Act
36. WhichofthefollowingAmericanarchitectsiscon-sidered by many to be the father of the modern sky-scraper,thuschangingthefaceofcitieslikeChicagoin the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries?
(A) HenryHobsonRichardson(B) StanfordWhite(C) LouisH.Sullivan(D) Louis Kahn(E) FrankLloydWright
37. Whichofthefollowingactswasthemostbeneficialto labor?
(A) The Clayton Antitrust Act(B) TheShermanAntitrustAct(C) The Elkins Act(D) TheHepburnAct(E) TheMann-ElkinsAct
38. AllofthefollowingoccurredduringFranklin Roosevelt’sFirstHundredDaysEXCEPT
(A) theNationalBankHoliday(B) passageoftheGlass-SteagallAct(C) passageoftheNationalIndustrialRecovery
Act(D) passageoftheAgriculturalAdjustmentAct(E) passageoftheSocialSecurityAct
39. WhichofthefollowingaccuratelydescribestheTaft-HartleyActof1947?
(A) Itencouragedtheuseofunionstrikesaslongas they remained peaceful.
(B) Itoutlawedtheuseofinjunctions.(C) President Truman vetoed it.(D) Itbannedtheuseof“yellowdogcontracts.”(E) Itrequiredpoliticalcontributionsfromlabor
unionstobesubjecttofederaltaxes.
40. AllofthefollowingwereanoutgrowthoftheColdWarEXCEPT
(A) our entry into the space race(B) anupgradeoftheAmericanpubliceducational
system,includingtheintroductionoftheAPprogram
(C) thebuildingofbombshelters(D) the establishment of the Peace Corps(E) theestablishmentoftheOfficeofEconomic
Opportunity
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41. DuringtheRevolutionaryWar,theLoyalists
(A) were few in number and had little, if any, significance
(B) madeupapproximately20-30percentofthepopulation
(C) were mostly former indentured servants who feltobligatedtotheCrown
(D) weremostlyfromtheroyalcolonyofVirginiaand felt loyal to the Crown
(E) hadtheirlargestfollowinginNewEngland,wherethebenefitsofthemercantilistsystemwere most visible
42. The success of the Constitutional Convention of 1787hingedoncompromisesover
(A) slaveryandrepresentationinCongress(B) taxationandtermlimits(C) thenumberofbranchesofgovernmenttobe
formed (D) votingrightsforwomen(E) universalmanhoodsuffrage
43. WhichofthefollowingwasLEASTinfluentialinbringingaboutAndrewJackson’svictoryinthepresidentialelectionof1828?
(A) SupportforJacksonamonglessprosperousvoters
(B) Jackson’spromisetobringnewpeopleintothegovernment
(C) Jackson’sdefenseofNativeAmericanpropertyrights
(D) Jackson’s promise to reform the electoral system
(E) The reputation Jackson earned as a war hero as aresultoftheBattleofNewOrleans
44. AllofthefollowingstatementsconcerningtheWade-DavisBillaretrueEXCEPT
(A) Lincoln used his pocket veto to defeat it(B) thebillrequiredamajorityofthepopulationof
the former Confederate states to take an oath ofallegiance
(C) thebillstipulatedthatCongresswouldadministertheReconstructionprogram
(D) the bill abolished slavery(E) thebillprovidedforfinancialcompensationto
former slaves
45. Theodore Roosevelt’s Square Deal can best be described as
(A) conservation,trust-busting,consumerprotection
(B) protectivetariffs,centralizedbanking,conservation
(C) equalopportunity,women’ssuffrage,laissez-faire economics
(D) laissez-faireeconomics,supportoflaborunions, conservation
(E) governmentownershipofbusiness,conservation, naval preparedness
46. AllofthefollowingwerecausesoftheGreatDe-pressionEXCEPT
(A) aweakforeigntrade(B) anoverextensionofcredit(C) agriculturaloverproduction(D) the establishment of public works projects(E) an unequal distribution of wealth
47. The1947grantof$400milliondollarsinaidtoGreeceandTurkeywasinaccordancewithwhichofthefollowingU.S.policies?
(A) Eisenhower Doctrine(B) MonroeDoctrine(C) Truman Doctrine(D) Roosevelt Corollary(E) GoodNeighborPolicy
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48. WhichcivilrightsorganizationwasledbyMartinLutherKingJr.andpracticedcivildisobediencetoachieveitsgoals?
(A) TheStudentNonviolentCoordinatingCommittee
(B) TheBlackPanthers(C) TheCongressofRacialEquality(D) TheNationalAssociationfortheAdvancement
of Colored People(E) The Southern Christian Leadership Conference
49. DuringtheperiodprecedingtheRevolutionaryWar,theBritishactprovokingthemostoutrageamongthe colonists was
(A) parliament’sdefenseof“virtualrepresentation”
(B) themonopolygiventotheBritishEastIndiaCompany
(C) thepassageoftheBostonPortAct(D) thepassageoftheMolassesAct(E) thepassageoftheQuebecAct
50. In1775theSecondContinentalCongress
(A) decidedtocutalltieswithBritain(B) votedtoworkoutaplanforself-rule(C) adoptedtheOliveBranchPetition,declaring
colonial loyalty to the Crown(D) begantodrafttheArticlesofConfederation(E) revised the colonial plan for military
preparedness
51. AllofthefollowingSupremeCourtdecisionsdur-ingJohnMarshall’stenureasSupremeCourtJusticestrengthenedthefederalgovernmentEXCEPT
(A) Fletcher v. Peck(B) Gibbons v. Ogden(C) Marbury v. Madison(D) McCulloch v. Maryland(E) Dred Scott v. Sandford
52. WhichofthefollowingwasNOTaresultoftheCompromiseof1877?
(A) RutherfordB.Hayesbecamepresident.(B) TheremainingConfederatestateswere
readmittedtotheUnion.(C) Military Reconstruction ended.(D) TheDemocratstookbacktheHouseandthe
Senate.(E) Federal provisions for a Southern
transcontinental railroad were made.
53. Roosevelt’sBigStickPolicyinLatinAmericawasbestcharacterizedbyhis
(A) repudiation of the Monroe Doctrine(B) beliefthatEuropeannationshadtheright
to protect their economic interests in any remainingcoloniesthroughouttheregion
(C) recognitionofthesovereigntyofnewly-independentnationsintheWesternHemisphere
(D) beliefthattheUnitedStateshadanobligationtoprotectsecurityandstabilitybyassumingthe role of an international police force throughouttheWesternHemisphere
(E) supportofhighprotectivetariffstopromoteAmericaneconomicintereststhroughouttheregion
54. IntheSchecter Poultry Corp. v. U.S.caseof1935,whichofFranklinRoosevelt’sNewDealmeasurescame under attack?
(A) TheNationalLaborRelationsBoard(B) TheJudicialReorganizationbill(C) TheNationalRecoveryAct(D) TheAgriculturalAdjustmentAct(E) The Federal Farm Loan Act
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55. Duringthe1950s,manyblackandwhiteactivistsfoughtagainstthepersistenceofJimCrowlawsthroughouttheSouthbyallofthefollowing methodsEXCEPT
(A) bringinglawsuitsinfederalcourts(B) usingviolencetointimidatelocalpoliticians(C) boycottinglocalbusinessesthatsupported
segregation(D) stagingsit-insinsegregatedpublicplacesand
facilities(E) forgingacoalitionbetweenSouthernblack
churchesandcivilrightsadvocates
56. Duringthe1980s,PresidentRonaldReagan
(A) signedthewelfarereformbill(B) persuadedAnwarSadatandMenachemBegin
tosigntheCampDavidAccords(C) senttroopstofightinthePersianGulfWar(D) cuttaxesandsocialservices(E) increasedtaxes
57. WhichofthefollowingeventsrepresentedthemostsignificantactiononthepartofthecolonistsagainstBritishauthority?
(A) Bacon’sRebellion(B) TheWhiskeyRebellion(C) TheAlbanyCongress(D) Pontiac’s Rebellion (E) TheStampActCongress
58. WhichofthefollowingstatementsconcerningtheFederalist Papers is true?
(A) Jefferson,Madison,andHamiltondraftedthem.
(B) TheycontainedessaysthatbothdefendedandcriticizedtheConstitution.
(C) TheywerewrittenaspropagandatosupporttheratificationoftheConstitution.
(D) TheywerebannedintheNewYorknewspapers.
(E) TheyoutlinedthedangersofRepublicanismina new nation.
59. TheForceActof1832waspassedinresponseto
(A) theIndianRemovalAct(B) theTariff/Nullificationcrisis(C) theelectionofPresidentMartinVanBuren(D) Clay’s American System(E) theBankRecharterBill
60. TheNiagaraMovementresultedin
(A) theformationoftheNAACP(B) theemergenceoftheNationalUrbanLeague(C) thedevelopmentofagriculturalcolleges,such
astheTuskegeeInstitute(D) the repeal of the black codes(E) theestablishmentoftheFreedmen’sBureau
61. Allofthefollowingaretrueconcerningthewom-en’ssuffragemovementEXCEPT
(A) itbenefitedfromthesupportoftheProgressivesoftheearly1900s
(B) itremainedraciallysegregatedduringthelatter part of the nineteenth century
(C) itwasviewedasradicalduringmuchofitsexistence
(D) someofitsearlyleaderswerefirstactiveintheAbolitionist movement
(E) itfirstmetsuccessintheNewEnglandstates
62. DuringthetimeofWoodrowWilson’spresidency,theIrreconcilablesandtheReservationistshadstrongfeelingsconcerning
(A) the Treaty of Versailles(B) Wilson’sFourteenPoints(C) Article231(D) theSeditionActof1918(E) the Mandate System
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63. WhichofthefollowingColdWarmeasuresmetwiththemostresistanceinCongress?
(A) U.S.entryintotheKoreanWar(B) U.S.entryintoNATO(C) TheBerlinAirlift(D) The Truman Doctrine(E) TheMcCarranInternalSecurityBill
64. The most important factor in the defeat of Demo-craticpresidentialcandidatesintheelectionsof1952and1968was
(A) theDemocrats’plantoreorganizetheSupremeCourt
(B) theAmericanpublic’sdesiretoavoidconflictand return to a more conservative political and social life
(C) theDemocraticPartyplatformpledgetoincreasetaxesinordertopayoffthenationaldebt
(D) the Democratic candidates’ controversial positionsoncivilrightslegislation
(E) the Democratic Party’s unequivocal support of theEqualRightsAmendment
65. Allofthefollowingweremanifestationsofmercan-tilist theory EXCEPT
(A) thetriangulartrade(B) theNavigationActs(C) Admiralty Courts(D) virtual representation(E) the plantation economy
66. ThechiefgoaloftheAlienandSeditionActswasto
(A) suppressimmigration(B) limitthepowerofthepress(C) checkthepoweroftheDemocratic-Republicans(D) upholdtherightsguaranteedbytheFirst
Amendment(E) introducethetheoryofnullificationandstates’
rights
67. WhichofthefollowingstatementsrelatedtotheLowellSystemisNOTtrue?
(A) InLowell,farmgirlswerehiredtoworkinthefactories.
(B) Lowellwasacompanytowndevelopedtoprovide supervision of, and education for, its factory workers.
(C) TheLowellSystemincludedsomeofthefirstfullyintegratedfactories—theytransformedrawmaterialsintoafinishedproduct.
(D) The Lowell System provided an easy way for womentobecomefinanciallyindependent.
(E) The Lowell System developed as a result of the UnitedStates’burgeoningtextileindustry.
68. Whichofthefollowingismostcloselyassociatedwith the Populist movement?
(A) Support of labor unions(B) The“frontporch”campaignofWilliam
McKinley(C) Freecoinageofsilver(D) Private ownership of railroads and utilities(E) Protective tariffs
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69. WhichofthefollowingstatementsregardingtheAmerican Federation of Labor is true?
(A) Itexcludedunskilledworkers.(B) Itsbeliefswerebasedontheutopianideasof
earlier reformers.(C) Itdidnotbelievestrikingwasausefultactic.(D) Itsgreatestappealwastonewimmigrants,
many of whom were unskilled.(E) Itpublishedanti-capitalismpamphlets.
70. Thesupply-sideeconomictheoryofTreasurySecre-tary Andrew Mellon most probably inspired the
(A) trickle-downeconomictheorysupportedbyRonaldReagan
(B) deficit-spendingeconomictheoryofJohnM.Keynes
(C) Glass-SteagallBankingReformAct(D) Keating-OwenAct(E) Federal Trade Commission Act
71. AllofthefollowingwerepartofJohnson’sGreatSocietyprogramEXCEPT
(A) theCivilRightsActof1964(B) MedicareandMedicaid(C) the establishment of the Department of
HousingandUrbanDevelopment(D) thebalancedbudgetmandate(E) theEconomicOpportunityAct
72. WhichofthefollowingwasNOTaprovisionoftheLandOrdinanceof1785ortheNorthwestOrdi-nanceof1787?
(A) Each territory could apply for statehood once it had60,000inhabitants.
(B) SlaverywasoutlawedintheNorthwestTerritory.
(C) OnceanewstatewasadmittedtotheUnion,itwasgrantedalltheprivilegesofexistingstates.
(D) Thenationalgovernmentwouldmakeprovisions for public education for all new states.
(E) Land sales in admitted territories would be protected from speculators.
73. WhichofthefollowingdoesNOTrepresenttheviewsofPrimeMinisterGrenvilleaftertheSevenYears’War?
(A) HefeltthattheCrownneededtocontroltradeand raise revenue.
(B) Hefeltthatthecolonistsshouldhelppaythedebt incurred by the war.
(C) HefeltthatParliamenthadtherighttoincreasetaxesonthecolonies.
(D) HefeltthattheBritishhadtoexerttightercontrol over the colonies.
(E) Hewantedtorewardthecoloniesthroughhisextensionofsalutaryneglect.
74. Theelectionof1800ishistoricallyandpoliticallysignificantbecauseit
(A) marked the death of the Federalist party(B) demonstratedthatourFoundingFatherswere
correct in their suspicions about factions(C) demonstratedthesignificanceoftheElectoral
College(D) usheredintheEraofGoodFeelings(E) demonstrated that political parties could, in
fact,bringaboutapeacefulrevolutioninarepublicanformofgovernment
75. In1798PresidentJohnAdamsdeliveredthefollow-ingmessagetoCongress:
“I will never send another minister to France without assurances that he will be received, respected, and honored as the representative of a great, free, powerful, and independent nation.”
Whateventinspiredthiscomment?
(A) TheCitizenGenêtAffair(B) TheXYZAffair(C) Jay’s Treaty(D) TheHartfordConvention(E) The Pinckney (Transcontinental) Treaty
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76. WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesthesituationinKansasduringthe1850s?
(A) Asaresultofthepolicyofpopularsovereignty,Kansas became the site of much violence and bloodshed.
(B) Kansaswasclearlyonthesideofthepro-slavery forces.
(C) ThepeopleofKansaswereoverwhelminglyabolitionist, as evidenced by the Lecompton Constitution.
(D) KansaswaspermittedtoentertheUnionasa slave state in order to keep the balance of power even in the Senate.
(E) Kansas was one of the few states that refused to participate in the slave trade.
77. WhichofthefollowingistrueoftheDawesSever-altyActof1887?
(A) Inhonoringcommunallandholdings,itreflectedanappreciationofIndianculture.
(B) ItwasanattempttoassimilatetheIndiansintoAmericansocietythroughindividuallandgrants.
(C) ItoutlawedtheGhostDanceMovement.(D) ItcompensatedIndiansforthelandtheyhad
lostattheBattleofWoundedKnee.(E) Itdidawaywithindividuallandownershipby
Indianleaders.
78. AllofthefollowingcontributedtotheriseofbigbusinessEXCEPT
(A) horizontalandverticalintegration(B) formationofmonopolies(C) interlockingdirectorates(D) laissez-faireeconomicpolicy(E) the Northern Securitiesdecisionof1904
79. FranklinRoosevelt’sNewDealprogramscameun-der attack from both ends of the political spectrum. Twoofthemostvocalopponents,oneleft-wingandthe other conservative, were
(A) HueyLongandCharlesCoughlin(B) FrancesPerkinsandCharlesTownshend(C) WendellWilkieandHaroldIckes(D) ThomasDeweyandHueyLong(E) CharlesEvansHughesandAlfLandon
80. Thefederallymandateddesegregationofthecivilservicewasfirstimplementedinthe
(A) Peace Corps(B) armedforces(C) Department of Justice(D) NationalParkService(E) Supreme Court
End of SEction i
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Section I
UNITED STATES HISToRySECTIoN II
Total time—130 minutes
Part A
(Suggestedwritingtime—45minutes.Thisquestioncountsfor45percentofthetotalessaysectionscore.)
Directions:ThefollowingquestionrequiresyoutoconstructacoherentessaythatintegratesyourinterpretationofDocumentsA–Iandyourknowledgeoftheperiodreferredtointhequestion.Highscoreswillbeearnedonlybyessaysthatbothcitekeypiecesofevidencefromthedocumentsanddrawonoutsideknowledgeoftheperiod.
1. TowhatextentwasthebreakupoftheUnionin1861aresultoftheconflictoverslaveryandtowhatextentwasitduetootherfactors?Usingyourknowledgeoftheantebellumperiod,constructanessaythatexplainsthereasonsthenationwenttowarandwhatcir-cumstances led to this point of national crisis.
Usethedocumentsandyourknowledgeofthetimeperiod1844–1861toconstructyouranswer.
Document A
Source:“Annexation,”byJohnL.O’Sullivan,United States Magazine and Democratic Review,July1845
Why,wereotherreasoningwanting,infavorofnowelevatingthisquestionofthereceptionofTexasintotheUnion,outofthelowerregionofourpastpartydissension,uptoitsproperlevelofahighandbroadnationality,itsurely is to be found, found abundantly, in the manner in which other nations have undertaken to intrude them-selvesintoit,betweenusandtheproperpartiestothecase,inaspiritofhostileinterferenceagainstus,fortheavowedobjectofthwartingourpolicyandhamperingourpower,limitingourgreatnessandcheckingthefulfill-ment of our manifest destiny to overspread the continent allotted by Providence for the free development of our yearlymultiplyingmillions.
Document B
Source:PresidentJamesK.Polk’sWarMessagetoCongress,May11,1846
Aswarexists,andnotwithstandingalloureffortstoavoidit,existsbytheactofMexicoherself,wearecalleduponbyeveryconsiderationofdutyandpatriotismtovindicatewithdecisionthehonor,rightsanddignityofthiscountry.
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Section II
Document C
Source:RalphWaldoEmerson,1846
“TheUnitedStateswillconquerMexico,butitwillbeasthemanswallowsthearsenic.”
Document D
Source:RepresentativeDavidWilmot,fromtheCongressionalGlobe,29thCongress,2ndsession,Appendix, February8,1847
But,sir,theissuenowpresentedisnotwhetherslaveryshallexistunmolestedwhereitnowis,butwhetheritshallbecarriedtonewanddistantregions,nowfree,wherethefootprintofaslavecannotbefound.This,sir,istheis-sue.UponitItakemystand,andfromitIcannotbefrightenedordrivenbyidlechargesofabolitionism.
Iasknotthatslaverybeabolished,Idemandthatthisgovernmentpreservetheintegrityoffreeterritoryagainsttheaggressionsofslavery—againstitswrongfulusurpations.
Sir,IwasinfavoroftheannexationofTexas…Yes,sir,herewasanempirelargerthanFrancegivenuptoslavery.ShallfurtherconcessionsbemadebytheNorth?Shallwegiveupfreeterritory,theinheritanceoffreelabor? Must we yield this also?
…But,sir,wearetoldthatthejointbloodandtreasureofthewholecountrybeingexpendedinthisacquisition, therefore it should be divided, and slavery should be allowed to take its share. Sir, the South has her share already.
…Now,sir,wearetoldthatCaliforniaisours,thatNewMexicoisours—wonbythevalorofourarms.They are free. Shall they remain free? Shall these fair provinces be the inheritance and homes of the white labor of freemen or the black labor of slaves? This, sir, is the issue.
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Section II
Document E
Document F
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Section II
Document G
Source:RogerTaney, in the Supreme Court opinion in Dred Scott v. Sandford,1857
TherightofpropertyinaslaveisdistinctlyandexpresslyaffirmedintheConstitution….NowordcanbefoundintheConstitutionwhichgivesCongressagreaterpowerovertheslavepropertyorwhichentitlespropertyofthatkind to less protection than property of any other description.
Document H
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Section II
Document I
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Section II
Section ISection II
UNITED STATES HISToRySECTIoN II
Parts B and C: Standard Essay Questions
(Suggestedwritingtime—70minutes.Thesequestionscountfor55percentofthetotalessaysectionscore.)
Part B
Directions:ChooseONEquestionfromthispart.Youareadvisedtospendfiveminutesplanningand30minuteswritingyourresponse.Citerelevantevidenceinsupportofyourgeneralizationsandpresentyourargumentsclearlyandlogically.
2. TowhatextentwastheAmericanRevolutionaradicalbreakwiththepastandtowhatextentwasitaconservative attempt to protect the status quo?
3. AnalyzethewaysinwhichTWOofthefollowingrepresentedashiftintheidealsofJeffersonianrepublicanismduringtheperiod1800–1824:
The Louisiana Purchase Marbury v. Madison TheWarof1812 The Monroe Doctrine
Part C
Directions:ChooseONEquestionfromthispart.Youareadvisedtospendfiveminutesplanningand30minuteswritingyourresponse.Citerelevantevidenceinsupportofyourgeneralizationsandpresentyourargumentsclearlyandlogically.
4. ExplainhowTWOofthefollowinginfluencedU.S.foreignpolicyduringthe1920s:
SocialandeconomicissueswithintheUnitedStates Wardebtsandreparations Politicalideology
5. DiscussthewaysinwhichTWOofthefollowingchangedboththesocialfabricandpoliticalstructureof
Americaduringthe1960s:
SocialandeconomicissueswithintheUnitedStates Thecivilrightsmovement TheVietnamWar TheWomen’sMovement
StoP
End of EXAm
382 382 | Cracking the AP U.S. History Exam
Section II