ap world african history

8/19/2019 AP World African History

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■ Aim :What was AfricaAfrica like beforethe introduction of Islam?

■ Do Now : Try to name as

many Africancountries as youcan!


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How might this geography impact

Africans?


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Geography of Africa

Africa sgeographywas erydiverse

" Africansli ed

di erently based on

wherethey li ed


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Geography of Africa

The Sahara is theworld s largest

desert" acted as a

barrier to


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&arly %ocieties of Africa

'y ()*+ #orth Africans were part ofthe Islamic &mpire+ con erted to

Islam + " shared Arabic culture

&arly societies of North Africa were in,uenced by

-editerranean cultures suchas the .hoenicians " Romans


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&arly %ocieties of Africa

Africansocietiessouth of the%ahara wereisolated "

missed out onthe cultural

di/usion of theClassical &ra


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ow ear y peop e n u $ a aranAfrica li e?


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arac er s cs o u $ a aranAfrica

■ While the societies of sub$%aharanAfrica were di erse+ they sharedsome similarities: – -ost societies li ed in farming

illages in family-based clans – 1ew societies had

written languages2Histories wereshared orally bystorytellers 3griots4

– -ade iron tools


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0haracteristics of Africa■ %ub$%aharan people

were polytheistic: – .racticed animism +

a religion in whichspirits e5istin nature "

play a rolein daily life


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The 'antu -igration

6 er the course of

7+*** years+ antu peoples of centralAfrica migrated

south in search offarmland

These 'antu migrationshelped spread new farming

" ironworking techni8ues


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at actors s ape t e cu ture o&ast Africa?


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&ast Africa The societies of !ast Africa

participatedin the Indian "cean tradenetwork " were shaped by cultural

di/usion: – The kingdom of

Aksum traded with.ersia+ India+Arabia+ " 9ome2Aksum became aChristian kingdom


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Aksum 0hurch


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&ast Africa■ Arab merchants

introduced Islam to&ast African trade cities – The mi5 of African "

Arab cultures led to a

new Swahili language – Towns had mos#ues

" were ruled by a

-uslim sultan – 'ut many people

kept their traditionalreligious beliefs


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a ac ors s ape e cu ure oWest Africa?


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West Africa■ West Africa was

shaped by thetrans-Saharan trade network: – West Africans

had largedeposits ofgold + but lackedsalt

– The gold-salttrade connected #orth" West Africa


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West Africa■ The gold$salt trade

increased culturaldi/usion with$uslimmerchants: – Islam was

introduced inWest Africa "slowed gainedconverts

– -any Africansblended Islamwith animism or

never con erted


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West Africa■ The gold$salt trade led

to wealth " empires in West Africa – 'y **+ %hana

became an empire

by ta5ing merchants+building a largearmy + " con8ueringsurrounding people

–

Ghana kings ser edas religious leaders+ ;udges+ " generals


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Ghana Gold!


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West Africa■ & entually Ghana

was o erthrown " the$ali empire emerged – -ali s


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West Africa■ The kings who ruled

-ali after %undiatacon erted to Islam

■ The most importantking was $ansa$usa : – He built a =**+***

man army to keepcontrol o er -ali

– He di ided -ali intoprovinces ruled byappointedgovernors


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-ansa -usa-ansa -usa was a de out-uslim " went on a ha;; to

-ecca in => 7

-ansa -usa passed out gold nuggets

to the people he met along the way

li l k b Af i


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ery little was known about Africabelow the %ahara+ but -ansa -usa

is on the map@'ased on his image on the map+what did &uropeans know about

-ansa -usa?


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The History TeachersB

■ http:CCwww@youtube@comCwatch? D7TW6Ik&ygW-"featurDrelated

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4TWOIkEygWM&feature=relatedhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4TWOIkEygWM&feature=relatedhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4TWOIkEygWM&feature=relatedhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4TWOIkEygWM&feature=relatedhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4TWOIkEygWM&feature=relatedhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4TWOIkEygWM&feature=related


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West Africa■ When he returned

from -ecca+ -ansa-usa built mos#ues throughout -ali+including 'imbu(tu – This trade city

attracted scholars +doctors+ religious

leaders – It had a university " became an important centerfor learning


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Timbuktu

E;enne-os8ue Fni ersity


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West Africa■ After -ansa -usa+

-ali declined " wasreplaced by Songhai –


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0onclusions■ African

societies weretransformed by

two powerfulforces: – 'rade with

outsiders – Introduction

of Islam

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