AP WORLD HISTORY

GUIDED READINGS

UNIT 6: 1900-Present

As you read each chapter, answer the core questions within this packet. You should also define vocabulary words listed in the Key Terms packet. When finished with the chapter, go online to the companion website for the textbook The Earth and Its Peoples. Be aware that the chapter numbers are not aligned directly with the numbers in our books, as the online version is a different edition. Furthermore, some of the links for the Internet Exercises in each chapter are broken. The broken links are revised within this packet, so open the PDF of this packet online and access the links that way. You can also usually find the page the book’s website was intending to redirect to through a Google search. All chapters require answering the core questions within this packet as well as the online multiple choice questions. Almost all chapters also require an extension activity to be completed, as indicated following the core questions.

Chapter questions are due by class time on the dates indicated here:

Chapter 28: ____________________________

Chapter 29: ____________________________

Chapter 30: ____________________________

Chapter 31: ____________________________

Chapter 32: ____________________________

Chapter 33: ____________________________

AP World History Guided Reading: Chapter 28

1. What led to the outbreak of the First World War?

2. How did the war lead to revolution in Russia?

3. What role did the war play in eroding European dominance in the world?

4. Why did China and Japan follow such divergent paths in this period?

5. How did the Middle East change as a result of the war?

6. How did European and North American society and technology change in the aftermath of the war?

Extensions: Complete these two activities online with the Student Companion for The Earth and Its Peoples.

ACE Practice Tests – Chapter 29: Crisis of the Imperial Order – email to rgorski@hackettstown.org or print your results & bring to class.

Internet Exercises – Chapter 29 – Activity 1:

In Web Activity Four for Chapter 28, The New Imperialism, 1869-1914, you explored an early example of Westerners, particularly those in Britain and the United States, beginning to question the idea that Western culture was superior to the cultures of the rest of the world. World War I accelerated this process of reevaluating such beliefs. Never before had humans witnessed death and destruction on such a broad scale. Motion picture technology was also available during World War I. To view film clips from the Battle of the Somme, go to Filming the War. Read the text in the left-hand frame and, as you continue through this site, download and view the film and audio clips provided. Again, doing this may take a while, but the time is well worth spending. To conclude your exploration of combat during the war, go to BBC News: The Great War, 80 Years On. Under "Voices from the Past" click on "Images" and "Newsreel" and then watch a montage of images from the Western Front. After reviewing these sites, explain why the war was so devastating in terms of death and destruction. What technological developments of the past century contributed to this situation?

Describe the psychological impact that combat must have had on many of the soldiers.

Also, consider what effect viewing these images must have had on people in Western societies. How did these images of war challenge the values and assumptions that had prevailed during the nineteenth century, particularly the notions of progress, reason, and white superiority?

Why did World War I make many people in the West more willing to accept the revolutionary theories of Max Planck, Albert Einstein, Sigmund Freud, and Emile Durkheim?

AP World History Guided Reading: Chapter 29

1. How did the Soviet Union change under Stalin, and at what cost?

2. What caused the Depression, and what effects did it have on the world?

3. How did fascism in Italy and Germany lead to the Second World War?

4. What were the economic reasons behind Japan's invasion of Manchuria?

5. How was the war fought, and why did Japan and Germany lose?

6. How did science and technology change the nature of warfare?

Extensions: Complete these two activities online with the Student Companion for The Earth and Its Peoples.

ACE Practice Tests – Chapter 30: The Collapse of the Old ORder – email to rgorski@hackettstown.org or print your results & bring to class.

Internet Exercises – Chapter 30- – Activity 1:

A major theme implicit in this chapter is the centralization of government that occurred throughout the industrialized world during the Great Depression and World War II. Nowhere was this development more complete than in the Soviet Union under the leadership of Joseph Stalin. To learn more about this process, go to Library of Congress Soviet Archives Exhibit. Read the introduction; then click on the arrow at the bottom of the page. On the next page, click on the arrow below "Internal Workings of the Soviet System" and then read and evaluate this essay by clicking the arrow keys at the bottom of each page until you have finished. Be sure to click on each icon and to study the primary source material. Describe the political and economic system that Stalin created during the late 1920s and the 1930s.

How did the Soviet Union manage to become the world's third largest industrial power on the eve of World War II in Europe?

What role did the Soviet government play in this development?

What were the consequences of industrialization for the Soviet people; did their standard of living improve?

How was Stalin able to attain dictatorial powers in the Soviet Union during this time?

Many of Stalin's defenders have argued that his policies during the interwar years were necessary for the Soviet Union because they enabled the nation to withstand the German invasion during World War II. Explain why you agree or disagree with this view.

AP World History Guided Reading: Chapter 30

1. Why did the educated elites of India want independence? What were ordinary Indians hoping for? 2. What changes did foreign rule bring to Africa, and how did Africans respond? 3. What could Latin Americans do to achieve social justice and economic development? Were these two goals compatible?

Extensions: Complete these two activities online with the Student Companion for The Earth and Its Peoples.

ACE Practice Tests – Chapter 31: Striving for Independence: Africa, India, and Latin America – email to rgorski@hackettstown.org or print your results & bring to class.

Internet Exercises – Chapter 31 – Activity 4:

In web Activity Two for Chapter 29, The Crisis of the Imperial Order, 1900-1929, you explored the impact that the devastation of World War I and the challenges of modern science to Victorian ideas about progress and reason had on Western art. The revolts against imperialism that occurred during the first half of the twentieth century also affected artistic expression. One of the more famous artists of this period was the Mexican nationalist Diego Rivera.. To learn more about Rivera, go to Diego Rivera Web Museum and tour this exhibit by clicking on "Biography" on the top banner. After familiarizing yourself with his life, view the images at "Gallery" and "Murals." You can also read Rivera's own writing at "Magazine." Analyze and describe how Rivera's art reflected the growing sense of nationalism and desire for social justice in Mexico.

Also explain how Rivera was influenced by the developments in Western art during the first half of the twentieth century.

Then choose one or two of his paintings that exemplify his political leanings and explain your choices.

AP World History Guided Reading: Chapter 31

1. What were the major threats to world peace during the Cold War? 2. How were the experiences of Asia, Africa, and Latin America similar in this period? 3. How did the rivalry between the Cold War superpowers affect the rest of the world?

Extensions: Complete these two activities online with the Student Companion for The Earth and Its Peoples.

ACE Practice Tests – Chapter 32: The Cold War and Decolonization – email to rgorski@hackettstown.org or print your results & bring to class.

Internet Exercises – Chapter 32 – Activity 2:

When viewed from a Western perspective, the postwar period was an unprecedented time of peace and prosperity, yet these developments in the West were only some of the worldwide changes of the era. For millions of other people, this was a time of nation building. The newly independent nation-states in Africa and Asia as well as the older countries of Latin America all struggled to meet the demands of nationalism and social justice. For many, simply defining the nature of their nations proved to be very difficult. At the same time, the quest to achieve economic stability was challenging for most of these nations. Read the accounts written by several leaders of the Third World during this period and analyze their aspirations. For Africa, see Kwame Nkrumah "Neo-Colonialism: The Last Stage of Imperialism";< Jomo Kenyatta: The Kenya Africa Union is Not the Mau Mau, 1952; and Tanzania: The Arusha Declaration, 1967. For Latin America, see Fidel Castro: Second Declaration of Havana, 1962. For Asia, see President Sukarno of Indonesia: Speech at the Opening of the Bandung Conference, April 18 1955 and U Nu: Burma Looks Ahead, 1951. How do these leaders believe that they can encourage economic development and social justice?

How are they expressing nationalism and trying to create a sense of national identity and national values?

How do they perceive the Cold War?

Do they look to the Soviet Union or to the West as models of development, or do they search for other alternatives?

What problems and legacies must their nations overcome to reach their goals?

AP World History Guided Reading: Chapter 32

1. How did the Cold War affect politics in Latin America and the Middle East in the 1970s and 1980s?

2. What forces led to the collapse of the Soviet Union?

3. What explains differences in the rate of population growth among the world's cultural regions?

4. How does wealth inequality among nations impact international migration patterns?

5: How has technological change affected the global environment in the recent past?

Extensions: Complete these two activities online with the Student Companion for The Earth and Its Peoples.

ACE Practice Tests – Chapter 33: Crisis, Realignment, and the Dawn of the Post-Cold War World – email to rgorski@hackettstown.org or print your results & bring to class.

Internet Exercises – Chapter 33 – Activity 1:

Between 1989 and 1991, Communist regimes collapsed in the Soviet Union and eastern Europe, and the Cold War, which had dominated world history since the late 1940s, ended. The breakup of the Soviet bloc was swift and relatively peaceful. Change came from within rather than being the result of defeat at the hands of the United States and its allies, as had been the case with fascist Germany and military-dominated Japan during the mid-twentieth century. Nevertheless, the causes of the collapse of communism in Eastern Europe were complex and overlapped. To analyze the situation, go to The Cold War Ends and End of the Soviet Union and the Cold War. After reviewing these sites, make a list of all of the reasons for communism's collapse in these nations. Keep the following considerations in mind:

What role did the political establishment or, more specifically, certain leaders such as Mikhail Gorbachev play in the collapse?

How did nationalism or religion motivate people to oppose the communist regimes?

What kinds of organizations emerged to express nationalist or religious sentiments?

What role did technology play in the demise of communism?

What do you consider the most important contributing factor or factors in the collapse of these communist regimes? Be sure to use examples to defend your answer.

AP World History Guided Reading: Chapter 33

1. What are the main benefits and dangers of growing political, economic, and cultural integration?

2. What roles do religious beliefs and secular ideologies play in the contemporary world?

3. How has technology contributed to the process of global interaction?

Extensions: Complete these two activities online with the Student Companion for The Earth and Its Peoples.

ACE Practice Tests – Chapter 33: Globalization at the Turn of the Millennium – email to rgorski@hackettstown.org or print your results & bring to class.

Internet Exercises – Chapter 33 – Activity 2:

For an extremely pessimistic view of the twenty-first century, read Robert Kaplan, The Coming Anarchy. Then list and

briefly describe the multiple problems that he claims plague the developing world, such as tribalism and urbanization.

How have globalization, imperialism, and the rise of nationalism affected the developing world?

What predictions does Kaplan make about the future of the areas he has visited?

What regions does he single out as having brighter prospects than other places?

Why does he see more potential in these places than in others?

Why does he single out Africa as the most disturbing region that he examines?

Debate his claim that "we ignore this dying region at our own risk."