ap world history telescope or microscope – or a bit of both?

AP WORLD HISTORYAP WORLD HISTORY

Telescope or microscope – or Telescope or microscope – or a bit of both?a bit of both?

5 THEMATIC PERIODS OF 5 THEMATIC PERIODS OF HISTORYHISTORY

1.1. Foundations (8,000 B.C.E. to 600 Foundations (8,000 B.C.E. to 600 C.E.)C.E.)

2.2. Post Classical (600 C.E. – 1450 Post Classical (600 C.E. – 1450 C.E.)C.E.)

3.3. Early Modern Period (1450-Early Modern Period (1450-1750).1750).

4.4. Modern Period (1750-1914).Modern Period (1750-1914).

5.5. Contemporary Period (1914-Contemporary Period (1914-present).present).

Foundations (8,000 B.C.E. to 600 Foundations (8,000 B.C.E. to 600 C.E.)C.E.)

►Divergence vs. Divergence vs. convergence tensionconvergence tension

►10,000 B.C.E. :10,000 B.C.E. :5-10 million people spread 5-10 million people spread all over the globe (diverse)all over the globe (diverse)

10-15,000 languages (today: 10-15,000 languages (today: 5-6,000 languages).5-6,000 languages).

Foundations (8,000 B.C.E. to 600 Foundations (8,000 B.C.E. to 600 C.E.)C.E.)

1.1. Development of AgricultureDevelopment of Agriculture►Conditions – when and why? 3 Conditions – when and why? 3

early Agricultural revolutions:early Agricultural revolutions:

1.1.Middle East near the Black Sea Middle East near the Black Sea (barley, millet, wheat)(barley, millet, wheat)

2.2.ChinaChina

3.3.Central AmericaCentral America

Development of AgricultureDevelopment of Agriculture►Paleolithic vs. NeolithicPaleolithic vs. Neolithic

NEOLITHIC:NEOLITHIC:►More patriarchalMore patriarchal►Contagious disease more Contagious disease more importantimportant►Higher birthrates – Higher birthrates – subordination of womensubordination of women►Largely peasant – rural villiagesLargely peasant – rural villiages

Theme 2 of Foundations period: Theme 2 of Foundations period: CivilizationsCivilizations

►3500 B.C.E. first civilization3500 B.C.E. first civilizationWheel, bronze, writing.Wheel, bronze, writing.Also nomadic groupsAlso nomadic groups

First Civilizations:First Civilizations:Mesopotamia, Egypt, Indus Mesopotamia, Egypt, Indus River Valley (Harappan), River Valley (Harappan), Shang China (Huang Ho), Shang China (Huang Ho), MesoamericaMesoamerica

Theme 2 of Foundations period: Theme 2 of Foundations period: CivilizationsCivilizations

►Questions: What are the Questions: What are the components of a civilization?components of a civilization?

►What is the difference What is the difference between a civilized society between a civilized society and a non-civilized society?and a non-civilized society?

►AP: know where each is and AP: know where each is and characteristics, go in depth characteristics, go in depth into one civilization.into one civilization.

Theme 3 of Foundation: Classical Theme 3 of Foundation: Classical CivilizationsCivilizations

►800 B.C.E. – 600 C.E.800 B.C.E. – 600 C.E.China, India, and the China, India, and the Mediterranean world.Mediterranean world.

How are these different from How are these different from earlier civilizations?earlier civilizations?

1. Geographically larger than 1. Geographically larger than earlier civilizations – earlier civilizations – expansionist.expansionist.

How are these different from How are these different from earlier civilizations?earlier civilizations?

2. Issues of integration and 2. Issues of integration and convergence:convergence:

► Stress cultural Stress cultural convergence / integration, convergence / integration, especially for elites (ie. especially for elites (ie. Chinese use of Mandarin Chinese use of Mandarin language).language).

Issues of integration Issues of integration and convergence:and convergence:

B. Stress economic B. Stress economic integration – internal. Ie. integration – internal. Ie. China – wheat in north China – wheat in north trading for rice in southtrading for rice in south

C. Integration politically –C. Integration politically –empiresempires

D. Social integration (not as D. Social integration (not as much though).much though).

Issues of integration and Issues of integration and convergence:convergence:

►E. 1500 B.C.E. – iron. Use E. 1500 B.C.E. – iron. Use of iron used by the classical of iron used by the classical societies – another societies – another difference from old difference from old civilizations.civilizations.

Collapse of Classical Period (200 Collapse of Classical Period (200 C.E. to 600 C.E.)C.E. to 600 C.E.)

►Collapse of Han, Rome, Collapse of Han, Rome, Gupta (In that order - 5Gupta (In that order - 5thth and 6and 6thth centuries). centuries).

►Han – internalHan – internal►Gupta – externalGupta – external►Rome - bothRome - both

Classical comparisonsClassical comparisons

►Similarities:Similarities:All agrarianAll agrarianAll “Classical”All “Classical”All expandingAll expandingAll work hard on integrationAll work hard on integrationAll patriarchalAll patriarchalAll: lower classes – most of All: lower classes – most of pop.pop.


►In all, the elites were In all, the elites were comfortable with social comfortable with social inequality.inequality.

Classical comparisonsClassical comparisons►Which society was the Which society was the most distinctive in religion?most distinctive in religion?

IndiaIndia►Toward merchants?Toward merchants?ChinaChina►In military expansion?In military expansion?RomeRome


Women and education:Women and education:►China: women were not to be China: women were not to be educated – Confucius: educated – Confucius: prepare women for prepare women for housework.housework.

►Upper class women in all had Upper class women in all had more possibilitiesmore possibilities

►Possibly Roman women had Possibly Roman women had best education of all 3.best education of all 3.

Classical comparisonsClassical comparisonsWomen and property Women and property ownership:ownership:►Greece – Sparta (yes), Greece – Sparta (yes), Athens (no)Athens (no)►Better in Rome (late Better in Rome (late Republic)Republic)►China – Women COULD China – Women COULD NOT own property.NOT own property.


►Decline: Where was it most Decline: Where was it most severe?severe?

Rome (Western)Rome (Western)►Least severe?Least severe?

Probably India – Gupta to Probably India – Gupta to 1947 – no significant decline 1947 – no significant decline in culture, economy.in culture, economy.


►China and Eastern Rome China and Eastern Rome changed only temporarily – changed only temporarily – then same structures are then same structures are put in place.put in place.


►Which of the 3 was most Which of the 3 was most likely to encounter social likely to encounter social protest?protest?

China!!! – Confucianism a China!!! – Confucianism a double edged sword – higher double edged sword – higher classes deserve to be where classes deserve to be where they are UNLESS they don’t they are UNLESS they don’t take care of the people.take care of the people.

Classical comparisons – social Classical comparisons – social protestprotest

►Next, the MediterraneanNext, the Mediterranean►Least likely to have social Least likely to have social protest: India – Caste / protest: India – Caste / Hinduism kept you in your Hinduism kept you in your place with hope after place with hope after reincarnationreincarnation


►Economic comparisons:Economic comparisons:►Which was least effective in Which was least effective in production technology?production technology?

Mediterranean – Slaves, Mediterranean – Slaves, latifundia (large estates), latifundia (large estates), Greek scientists separated Greek scientists separated themselves from technology.themselves from technology.

ap world history telescope or microscope – or a bit of both?

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