apa referencing essentials - university of waikatoapa referencing essentials 2019 information...

7
Library Tutorial APA Referencing Essentials 2019 Information Services Team [email protected] 1 APA Referencing Essentials Principles of APA How to reference books, journal articles & websites How to create in–text citations What is referencing? A standardised way to acknowledge the work of others You must reference in order to acknowledge the source of your information verify quotations enable readers to trace the original sources avoid plagiarism (Turnitin anti-plagiarism software is available at Moodle) Plagiarism Deliberate Rewriting someone else’s words in your own words without acknowledgement Copying and pasting without acknowledgement Buying, downloading, borrowing or copying an assignment Accidental Reusing material from one of your assignments in a new assignment Confusion about how/when to quote or paraphrase how/when to ‘cite’ “common knowledge” Common knowledge – no reference needed Maori people are the indigenous population of New Zealand. Most children start school at the age of 5. The longest river in New Zealand is the Waikato River. Knowledge from someone else – reference needed According to the 2013 Census, 14.90% of the New Zealand people were Maori (Statistics New Zealand, 2014). In Hamilton there are 15,000 school age children (Ministry of Education, 2013). The Waikato River is 425km long (Waikato Regional Council, n.d.). What is APA? The style of the American Psychological Association (APA) The APA publishes a style manual Perrin Pocket Guide to APA Style UOW Library Guides Quick guide to APA Comprehensive APA guide (online) APA video guides (on Library YouTube channel) QR code or www.waikato.ac.nz/library/study/referencing/styles/apa APA Quick Guide Look at your handout

Upload: others

Post on 24-May-2020

16 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Library TutorialAPA Referencing Essentials 2019

Information Services [email protected] 1

APA Referencing Essentials

• Principles of APA

• How to reference books, journal articles & websites

• How to create in–text citations

What is referencing?

• A standardised way to acknowledge the work of others

You must reference in order to

• acknowledge the source of your information

• verify quotations

• enable readers to trace the original sources

• avoid plagiarism (Turnitin anti-plagiarism software is available at Moodle)

Plagiarism

Deliberate• Rewriting someone else’s

words in your own words without acknowledgement

• Copying and pasting without acknowledgement

• Buying, downloading, borrowing or copying an assignment

Accidental• Reusing material from one of your

assignments in a new assignment

• Confusion about• how/when to quote or paraphrase

• how/when to ‘cite’

• “common knowledge”

Common knowledge –

no reference needed

Maori people are the indigenous population of New Zealand.

Most children start school at the age of 5.

The longest river in New Zealand is the Waikato River.

Knowledge from someone else –

reference needed

According to the 2013 Census, 14.90% of the New Zealand people were Maori (Statistics New Zealand, 2014).

In Hamilton there are 15,000 school age children (Ministry of Education, 2013).

The Waikato River is 425km long (Waikato Regional Council, n.d.).

What is APA?

• The style of the American Psychological Association (APA)

• The APA publishes a style manual

• Perrin Pocket Guide to APA Style

• UOW Library Guides

• Quick guide to APA

• Comprehensive APA guide (online)

• APA video guides (on Library YouTube channel)

• QR code or www.waikato.ac.nz/library/study/referencing/styles/apa

APA Quick Guide

Look at your handout

Library TutorialAPA Referencing Essentials 2019

Information Services [email protected] 2

In-text citations – see ‘in-text’ section APA Quick Guide

Book title CheckoutAuthor John WintersPublication Year 2013

In-text citations

Direct quoteWinters (2013) stated “the New Zealand consumers’ two major dislikes were house keeping, and supermarket shopping” (p. 27).

Indirect quote or paraphraseManaging a household and trips to supermarkets are among the least favourite activities of New Zealanders (Winters, 2013).

King, M. (2000). Wrestling with the angel: A life of Janet Frame. Auckland,

New Zealand: Viking.

MediaWorks NZ. (2014). NZSport. Retrieved from http://www.nzsport.co.nz/

Winters, J. (2013). Checkout: Revealing how and why New Zealand’s

supermarkets operate the way they do. Auckland, New Zealand: New

Zealand Trust Group.

A reference list

• Appears at the end of the work

• Is arranged alphabetically

• Provides full details for each source• Hanging Indent

The four elements of a reference

Leggott, M. J. (2014). Heartland. Auckland, New Zealand: Auckland University Press.

1. Author / Editor

2. Date

3. Title

4. Publication Information

(Country, City, Publisher, URL, Volume, Issue, Page Number)

Books

The title is ‘The Luminaries’

The author is ‘Eleanor Catton’First published by Victoria

University Press, 2013

A citation in APA style – Example 1 APA Quick Guide

Library TutorialAPA Referencing Essentials 2019

Information Services [email protected] 3

A citation in APA style – Example 1 APA Quick Guide

• Family name first, initial for first name• (Date)

• Title in italics • Capitals – start of first word, proper nouns

• Full stop after each element

Catton, E. (2013). The luminaries. Wellington, NewZealand: Victoria University Press.

Author: Eleanor Catton

Publication Date: 2013

Title: The Luminaries

Publication info: Wellington, New Zealand by Victoria University Press

Referencing a book with subtitle and multiple authors– Example 2 APA Quick Guide

Barnes, G., & Gentle, I. (2011). Interfacial science: An introduction(2nd ed.). Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.

First city as place of publication

“&” joins authors or editors

Capital letter after a colon

More authors – See Quick Guide

Reference List

1) Adams, A.

2) Gentle, G., & Barnes, G.

3) Adams, A., Carter, C., & Barnes, G.

4) Carter, C., Adams, A., Barnes, G., & Davies, D.

5) Carter, C., Adams, A., Davies, D., Barnes, G., & Evans, E.

6) Evans, E., Adams, A., Davies, D., Barnes, G., Carter, C., & Ferrier, F.

7) Ferrier, F., Barnes, G., Carter, C., Adams, A., Davies, D., Evans, E., & Gentle, G.

8) Ferrier, F., Carter, C., Adams, A., Barnes, G., Davies, D., Evans, E., … Higgins, H.

Two Authors:Gentle and Barnes (2015) said…It is said… (Gentle & Barnes, 2015)

Three to Five:Adams, Carter and Barnes (2015) said… but it is also … (Adams et al., 2015)

Six and more:Evans et al. (2015) said…It is said… (Evans et al., 2015)

Exercise 1

Author Date Title Publication Information

James R Breiding (1958). Swiss made: The untold story behind Switzerland’s success. London: Profile Books.

Breiding, R. J. (2014). Swiss made – the untold story behind Switzerland’s success. London, U.K.: Profile Books.

Breiding, R. James (2013). Swiss made: the untold story behind switzerland’s success. London, United Kingdom: Profile Books.

• Look at the Library Search record• Choose one answer for each

element1) Author2) Date3) Title4) Publication Information

Answer to Exercise 1

Breiding, R. J. (2013). Swiss made: The untold story behind Switzerland’s success. London, United Kingdom: Profile Books.

• Capital letter after colon• Publication Information needs a country name. It

needs to be spelled out. i.e. United Kingdom.

Editions & edited books – Example 5 APA Quick Guide

“An edited book is a collection of articles or chapters written by different authors on the same subject” (Study.com, 2016, Edited Book)

Library TutorialAPA Referencing Essentials 2019

Information Services [email protected] 4

Editions & edited books – Example 5 APA Quick Guide

Fraser, D., & Hill, M. (Eds.). (2016). The professional practice of teaching in New Zealand (5th ed.). Melbourne, Australia: Cengage Learning.

Four Elements:

Editor D. Fraser & M. HillTitle: The professional practice of

teaching in New Zealand Published Year: 2016Publication Info: Melbourne, Australia by

Cengage Learning

Editions & edited books – Example 5 APA Quick Guide

Acknowledge:

chapter author(s): John O’Neillbook editor(s): D. Fraser & M. Hill book edition: 5th edition

Editions & edited books – Example 5 APA Quick Guide

Four Elements:

Author: John O’NeillTitle: Teachers and ethics Published Year: the same as BookPublication Info: the same as Book

Editions & edited books – Example 5 APA Quick Guide

O’Neill, J. (2016). Teachers and ethics. In D. Fraser & M. Hill (Eds.), The professional practice of teaching in New Zealand (5th ed., pp. 261-278). Melbourne, Australia: Cengage Learning.

O’Neill, J. (2016). Teachers and ethics. In D. Fraser & M. Hill (Eds.), The professional practice of teaching in New Zealand (5th ed., pp. 261-278). Melbourne, Australia: Cengage Learning.

Fraser, D., & Hill, M. (Eds.). (2016). The professional practice of teaching in New Zealand (5th ed.). Melbourne, Australia: Cengage Learning.

Journal Articles Referencing journals– Example 9 & 9a APA Quick Guide

(1) With no DOI

Bladh, C., & Holm, H. J. (2013). Can economics explain where all-inclusive deals are offered? Tourism Economics, 19(2), 339-348.

(2) With DOI

Bladh, C., & Holm, H. J. (2013). Can economics explain where all-inclusive deals are offered? Tourism Economics, 19(2), 339-348.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.libw.2003.12.024

(3) Online

Bladh, C., & Holm, H. J. (2013). Can economics explain where all-inclusive deals are offered? Tourism Economics, 19(2), 339-348. Retrieved from http://project.nek.lu.se/publications/workpap/papers/WP12_5.pdf

Digital Object Identifier, assigned to scholarly publications

Library TutorialAPA Referencing Essentials 2019

Information Services [email protected] 5

Referencing journal articles Referencing journal articles

Always required:1. Article author Dorothy L. Robinson2. Date (year only) 20153. Article title Health damage from current air pollution levels

Journal title Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health4. Publication details Volume 39, Issue 3, pages 208-209

and DOI (if available) 10.1111/1753-6405.12379

Exercise 2.1Which one is an academic journal article?

(a) Harvey, J. (2007). Municipal Wi-Fi comes to town. In S. Kleinman(Ed.), Displacing place : Mobile communication in the twenty-first century (pp. 35-46). New York, NY : Peter Lang.

(b) Wearing, S., & McGehee, N. G. (2013). Volunteer tourism: A review. Tourism Management, 38, 120–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2013.03.002

(c) Wilson, Z. (2014, May 22). Council acts now to limit legal highs. Wanganui Chronicle. Retrieved from http://www.nzherald.co.nz/

Exercise 2.2Which one is correct?

(a) Kirkpatrick, K., and Villano, M. (2014). World without wires. Communications of the Acm, 57(3), 15–17. doi:10.1145/2567650

(b) Kirkpatrick, K. & Villano, M. (2014). World without wires. Communications of the ACM, 57(3), 15–17. Retrieved from http://dl.acm.org.ezproxy.waikato.ac.nz/citation.cfm?id=2567650

(c) Kirkpatrick, K., & Villano, M. (2014). World without wires. Communications of the ACM, 57(3), 15–17. https://doi.org/10.1145/2567650

• “&” joins authors. • A comma after initials of the authors• Keep original capitalization of Journal titles• Highlight the journal title and volume No. (underline or italics)• Don’t use URL for an article from a Library Database

Webpageshttps://www.mfe.govt.nz/climate-change/why-climate-change-matters/evidence-climate-change

Title of the webpage

Date

Title of the webpage

Library TutorialAPA Referencing Essentials 2019

Information Services [email protected] 6

Corporate Author

Author: Ministry for the EnvironmentDate: 30 May 2018Title: Evidence for climate changePublication:https://www.mfe.govt.nz/climate-change/why-climate-change-matters/evidence-climate-change

Ministry for the Environment. (2018). Evidence for climate change? Retrieved from https://www.mfe.govt.nz/climate-change/why-climate-change-matters/evidence-climate-change

Do not add hypertext link

Ministry for the Environment. (n.d.). Evidence for climate change? Retrieved from https://www.mfe.govt.nz/climate-change/why-climate-change-matters/evidence-climate-change

Webpages – some common problemsNo date?

(n.d.) indicates no date

Evidence for climate change? (2018). Retrieved from https://www.mfe.govt.nz/climate-change/why-climate-change-matters/evidence-climate-change

Webpages – some common problemsNo author?

If you don’t know who wrote the material proceed with caution

Move the title to Author’s position

Ministry for the Environment. (2018). Evidence for climate change? Retrieved from https://www.mfe.govt.nz/

Webpages – some common problemsUnsure which URL?

Truncate the URL - Use the top domain’s URL, or the ‘home page’.

Ministry for the Environment. (2018). [Report on climate change]. Retrieved from https://www.mfe.govt.nz/climate-change/why-climate-change-matters/evidence-climate-change

Webpages – some common problemsUnsure of title?

[ ] indicates it’s not the official title

Further Help

• Attend “APA Referencing for webpages” tutorial.• Critically evaluate websites and online publications

• e-books, e-journals, blogs, wikis, PPT lecture notes, emails, social media, etc.

• Library website for additional examples

Library TutorialAPA Referencing Essentials 2019

Information Services [email protected] 7

Further Help

• Enrol in ‘Virtual Reference Desk’ in Moodle

• Information Services Librarian

• At an Information desk or • “Chat with a librarian”• Library video guides