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APA Style 6th edition

APA (American Psychological Association)

rules for formatting & referencing sources for papers written in the social & behavioral Sciences

two aspects of apa style:Format style (visual presentation)Reference style (in text citation, ref. list)

Format: basics

font: times new roman font size: 12 pt.Line spacing: double spacedMargins: one inch all around indent first line of every

paragraph

four major sections of paper: title pageAbstract Body of TextReferences page

Format: page sections

Format: title page

Centered, above halfway line of paper

Format: Abstract

Format: body of Text

Indent

Format: References

List Alphabetically

Doi sometimes needed. Check with professor.

references: In-text basic elements for citing …source within text: Author’s last name: SmithYear of publication: 2007Page number: p. 19

(no page number for websites)

two ways to cite source:Option (1): place reference at the end of

your sentence:• Indeed, "Students often had difficulty using APA

style, especially when it was their first time" (Jones, 1998, p. 199).

Option (2): place reference within your sentence:• According to Jones (1998), "Students often had

difficulty using APA style, especially when it was their first time" (p. 199).

references: in-text

references: in-textTwo ways to give information:

Direct quotation or paraphrase direct quotation:• According to Jones (1998), “Students often

had difficulty using APA style, especially when it was their first time” (p. 199).

paraphrase:• According to Jones (1998), APA style can

pose a challenge for uninitiated students. • ^ You do not need page number for

paraphrase

Long quotations (longer than 40 words)block format (indent every line) remove quotations

Jones' (1998) study found the following:     . Students often had difficulty using APA style, especially when it was their first time citing sources. This difficulty could be attributed to the fact that many students failed to purchase a style manual or to …… ask their teacher for help. (p. 199)

references: in-text

references: in-text• referencing multiple authors in text:

• One author: • (Walker, 2007, p.18). • According to Walker (2007)…

• Two authors: • (Walker & Allen, 2004, p.29). • According to Walker and Allen (2004)…

• Three authors (“et al.” for subsequent entries): • (Bradley, Ramirez, & Walker, 2002, p. 204). • According to Bradley, Ramirez and Walker…

• More than six: • (Kosslyn, et al., 1996)• According to Kosslyn et al. (1996)…

• Indirect source • According to Lacan, “The unconscious is structured like a

language” (as cited in Smith, 2008, p. 34).

references: references list

in text references must be listed in references page

entries are listed alphabetically

last name, first name initial. Smith, C. (2007)….

references: references list three common references: books,

Articles from database, articles from website

bookLast name, First name initial. (Year of

publication). Title. Place of publication: Publisher.

Brookfield, H. (2001). Exploring agrodiversity. New York, NY: Columbia University Press.

references: references list

Article from database Last name, First initial. (Date of

publication). Title of article. Title of Journal, volume number (issue number), page range.

Smyth, A. (2002). A study of enjoyment of peas. Journal of Abnormal Eating, 8 (3), 120-125.

references: references list

article from web site Last name, First name initial. (Year of

publication). Title of article. Retrieved from URL.

Jones, J. (2009). What’s happening in VPK. Retrieved from

http://www.fldoe.org/learn

Helpful Websites:

•APA Formatting: Apastyle.org

•Purdue OWl:Owl.english.purdue.edu/

• Grammar PracticeChompchomp.com

Activity! • Cite your respective source• Use the RED dry erase marker to

signify italicization. • Indicate what the in-text citation

would be

Book• Kirszner, L., & Mandell, S.

(2012). Writing first: With readings : Practice in context (5th ed.). Boston, MA: Bedford/St. Martins.

Database• Heitin, L. (2014). Writers seek to

unlock creativity. Education Week, 33(35), 1- 23.

Web• Steinhauer, J. (2013, January 29). For

republicans, a push from voters on immigration and a tug on gun control. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2013/01/30/us/politics/gop-pulls-back-on-immigration-not-on-guns.html?_r=0

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