api steel -...

APISTEEL American Petroleum Institute

02

API Steel

API steel

POSCO established the API Steel Application Center at Pohang, Korea. Major facility investments and ongoing R&D activities have

enabled the company to produce steel for petroleum-related structures that exhibit outstanding performance under extreme conditions.

Contents

Pohang & Gwangyang Steelworks

Quality Management System

Inspection Flow of Steel Plate

R&D System

API Steel Overview

Production Processes

Special Features

Testing and Evaluation Methods

Forming & Testing Facilities

Steel Solutions

Chemical Composition & Mechanical Properties

Future Challenges

API Pipe Production Processes

Available Size

Packing & Marking

Available Linepipe & OCTG Steels

Main Supply Records

Global Network

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02 03

API Steel

API Steel

PohangGwangyang

china

japan

koreaSeoul

The POSCO QualityUltra-High Quality Products Which Touch the Customer’s Soul

● Customer Inside : We create the best value for customers by keeping their needs foremost.

● Basic Inside : We focus on fundamentals and principles, eliminating deviation and waste.

● Synergy Inside : We seek to grow alongside our supplier chain through trust and communications.

POSCO is undertaking challenges to lead itself towards a new dream.

POSCO has created greatness from nothing through its challenging spirit and power

to take action over the past 50 years to overcome limits, while leading Korea's steel

industry to this day. However, POSCO is not ceasing to go to beyond. POSCO declared

a new grand vision called 'POSCO the Great' including a strong will for future growth.

POSCO will evolve into a company that is respected by all citizen of the world by

promoting new growth engines based on permanent new material, steel and an ongoing

commitment to upholding new values. Under the vision of 'POSCO the Great', POSCO

will move ahead to contribute to the coexistence and prosperity of human society by

creating value beyond mere profits based on exemplary products and service.

For Six Consecutive YearsPOSCO has ranked first in the world’s Most Competitive Steelmaker

RANK COMPANY SCORE

1 POSCO(Korea) 7.91

2 Nucor(USA) 7.55

3 NSSMC(Japan) 7.49

4 Gerdau(Brazil) 7.34

5 Severstal(Russia) 7.31

6 JSW Steel(India) 7.20

7 NLMK(Russia) 7.14

8 JFE(Japan) 7.10

9 Hyundai(Korea) 7.05

10 Erdemir(Turkey) 7.03

Source: WSD in 2015

Pohang works

Pohang Works was the first integrated steel mill ever built in Korea. This grandiose

project by Yeongil Bay started with Phase 1 being commissioned in 1973, and spanned

three more phases until its completion in February 1981. It currently runs carbon steel

and stainless steel processes and has played a pivotal role in promoting POSCO’s global

competitiveness with the establishment of the world’s first commercialized Finex process

in May 2007

Major products Hot- and cold-rolled steel, plates, wire rods, electrical steel, stainless steel, API

steel, etc.

Crude steel production 16.23 million tons (as of 2015) | Site Area 9,390,223㎡

Gwangyang works

Gwangyang Works is the largest unit steel plant in the world. With its optimum

factory allocation, it operates carbon steel and high mill processes for strategic,

high value-added products including automotive steel, high-strength hot-rolled steel,

high-grade API steel, and plates. Our goal is to position Gwangyang Works as the

single-source supplier of choice for automakers around the world.

Major products Hot- and cold-rolled steel, automotive steel, API steel, plates, etc.

Crude steel production 21.74 million tons (as of 2015) | Site Area 17,586,856㎡

04 05

API Steel

API Steel

Finishing Mill

Shipping Finishing / Inspection & Warehousing

Dividing ShearCrop Shear Double Side Shear

Roughing Mill

Accelerated CoolingHot LevelerCooling Bed

Cold Leveler

Ultrasonic Test

Slab Inpectionthickness · width · length · weight

Plate Thickness Measure

Surface Inspectionscale · roll mark Plate Temperature Measure

Size, Surface, Shape Inspection Internal Defect Inspection

Heat Treatment

Internal Inspection

Reheating Furnace

Certifications of compliance of the quality system with ISO 9001, 14001Certifications of Quality Management System

Application Product Institute Renewal

ISO9001 Flat Product LRQA(UK) Every year Regular Inspection

Every 3 years, Certificate renewal

ISO14001 Environmental LRQA(UK) Every year Regular Inspection

Management System Every 3 years, Certificate renewal

POSCO guarantees quality products under its well-organized production system

Quality Management System Inspection Flow of Steel Plate

POSCO has the automated quality assurance system. Automated monitoring and concurrent feedback using a computer-based information

system make POSCO best quality assurance company.

06 07

API Steel

API Steel

POSCO increased investment in the field of R&D during the period of economic downturn with the goal of strengthening the competitiveness of its key products in embracing the global market recovery.

Goal : Joint research and nurturing of outstanding researchers based on industry-university-institute collaboration

Organization

R&D System API Steel Overview

What the Specifications Mean The number after API is the minimum yield strength value required by the particular specification.

Unit conversion : 1ksi = 6.8947MPa = 0.70307 kgf/mm2

API stands for American Petroleum Institute, and the specifications applied by API steel for petroleum-related structures are globally in common use.

Joint Rese

arch

Joint ResearchManpower Exchange

Joint Research

Researcher Supply

* RIST Research Institute of Industrial Science &

Technology (established in 1987)

Next Generation Technology Research

Advanced Materials,Furture Energy,Eco-friendly Technology

www.rist.re.kr

* POSTECH Pohang University of Science & Technology

(established in 1986)

www.postech.ac.kr

Major Specifications

General service

Sour service

Arctic service

General service

Sour service

High strength

Pipelines API-5L

Oilwell pipe casing & tubing API-5CT

Offshore structuresAPI-2W, API-2H

Main Specifications Purpose RemarksApplication

B, X42, X46, X52, X56, X60,

X65, X70, X80

J55, K55, N80, R95

L80, C90, T95, C110

P110, Q125

• TMCP: 2W-42, 50, 50T, 60

• Normalized: 2H-42, 50

Transport (crude oil, natural gas)

from oilfield through refinery

to end-user

Transport crude oil or natural

gas from deep in the earth

to the surface

Steel for resource recovery

facilities in or above the sea

API-X70 means a minimum yield strength of 70 (70ksi = a minimum yield strength of 485MPa)

The strength of API steel is the required physical property value after the pipe has been welded and heat treated. Oilwell pipe : Obtain the required strength through post-production heat treatment

Family R&D Collaboration

Seed Research & Education

GIFT : Graduate Institute of Ferrous TechnologyGEM : Graduate School of Engineering Mastership

POSLAB Steel ResearchProcess / ProductDevelopment

Product Applications

* POSLAB POSCO Technical Research Laboratories

08 09

API Steel

API Steel

Production Processes

Plate Production

Reheating FurnaceSlabs transferred from the continuous casting mill are reheated uniformly in all directions (width, breadth and depth) to the optimum rolling temperature (1000~1300°C).

Roughing MillThe vertical scale breaker and high-pressure descaler remove the scales from the slab surface. The slabs are also shaped to the proper thickness, width and shape for rolling in the finishing mill.

Finishing MillThe steel sheet is rolled to the dimensions required by individual customers.

Accelerated cooling LineThe steel sheet is cooled to the aimed temperature. The cooling speed is controlled to satisfy mechanical requirements by adjusting the flow rate of the cooling water.

Hot LevelerThe flatness of the steel sheet is controlled in the hot leveling process.

Reheating furnace

Roughing mill

VSB (HSE) Descaler (FSB)

Finishing millAccelerated cooling line

Hot leveler Cooling bed

Hot-rolling

Reheating furnace Primary roughing mill

Finishing mill Run Out Table Laminar Flow

Edger roll

Edge heater

Descaler(FSB)Pinch Roll

Coiling Line

R1 R2

VSB(vertical scale breaker)

Reheating FurnaceSlabs transferred from the continuous casting mills are uniformly reheated to the ideal temperature for hot rolling.

Roughing MillThe vertical scale breaker and high-pressure descaler are used to remove scales from the slab surface. The slabs are also shaped to the proper thickness, width and shape for rolling in the finishing mill.

Finishing MillThe strip is rolled to the dimensions required by the specific customer applications. The pair-cross mill and online roll grinder control the shape and crown of the strip, improving quality and productivity.

Cooling and CoilingThe strip is cooled to the aimedtemperature. The cooling speedand cooling water spray patternare adjusted to control mechanicalproperties.

Special Features

Quality Features of Hot-rolled API Steel

Note) DWTT (Drop Weight Tear Test), HIC (Hydrogen Induced Crack), SSCC (Sulfide Stress Corrosion Crack), FPBT (Four Point Bending Test)

CLT (Constant Loading Test), CVN (Charpy V-Notch Test)

Main Quality RequirementsDivision Detailed Quality Features

• Low YR

• Higher yield strength than usual specs

• Toughness (CVN, DWTT)

• Shape quality (telescope, camber)

• Low YR



• Diagonal-oriented yield strength


• HIC resistance (CLR≤15% in very high acidity)

• SSCC resistance (85% in FPBT and CLT SMYS)

• Low YR

• Toughness (CVN and DWTT)


• Excellent crack propagation resistance

• Excellent cold crack resistance

• Good formability, shape, external appearance, internal quality


• Can endure repeated vertical load from ground surface freezing and

thawing in cold climate


• Comparatively higher yield strength for each grade guaranteed

• Excellent resistance to hydrogen craking and crack propagation


• Excellent resistance to cold crack


Regular toughness

Low-temperature toughness

Sour-resistant

Quality Features of API Plate

Note) DWTT (Drop Weight Tear Test), HIC (Hydrogen Induced Crack), SSCC (Sulfide Stress Corrosion Crack), FPBT (Four Point Bending Test)

CLT (Constant Loading Test), CVN (Charpy V-Notch Test)

Main Quality RequirementsDivision Detailed Quality Features

• Low YR



• Flatness

• Low YR



• Longitudinal-oriented yield strength

• Uniform elongation

• Flatness

• HIC resistance (CLR≤15% in very high acidity)

• SSCC resistance (85% in FPBT and CLT SMYS)

• Low YR

• Toughness (CVN and DWTT)

• Flatness


• Excellent cold crack resistance




• Can endure repeated vertical load from ground surface freezing and

thawing in cold climate; Longitudinal-oriented yield strength and

uniform elongation both excellent



• Excellent resistance to hydrogen craking and crack propagation


• Excellent resistance to cold cracking


Regular toughness

Low-temperature toughness

Sour-resistant

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API Steel

API Steel

Testing and Evaluation Methods • DWTT

Drop Weight Tear Test (DWTT)

This test assesses the resistance to fracture propagation.

Test Features

- Test the resistance to brittle fracture propagation with the same specimen thickness as pipe

- The low DWTT transition temperature is needed for the pipe lines under cold climates and deep sea

Test Methods

- Specimen preparation (cutting, polishing and notching) → cooling → testing (breakage after one impact)

- Specimen dimensions 304.8mm (long) × 76.2mm (wide) × thickness of specific material

- A hammer is dropped to break the specimen : Unbroken specimens are discarded as invalid

DWTT Equipment

Test Equipment Specifications

Test the resistance to brittle fracture propagation with

the same specimen thickness as pipe

Capacity • Impact energy: 10,000J~100,000J

• Load cell: 1,500kN

Temperature Control • Cooling media: Gaseous / Liquid nitrogen

• Temperature range: -100°C~100°C

Specimen Loading • Weight capacity of robot: 90kgf

• Specimen thickness: 6mm~50mm

DWTT Test Results

Displacement (mm)

Force (kN) Energy (J)

0

100

200

300

400

500 25000

20000

15000

10000

5000

10 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Load-Displacement : Fracture energy

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Crack PropationCrack Initiation

Testing and Evaluation Methods • Sour Resistance

HIC / Full Ring Test System


Test Method (Standard) • NACE TM0284 or EFC16

Capacity • Vessel: 15 liter × 20ea

• 20 specimens/vessel

Test Solution • H2S saturated acidic solution

Others • Temperature control : ±1°C

immersed for 96 hours at 25°c

Specimen

Solution Saturated with h2S

Sour Resistance (Resistance to HIC and SSCC)

- A way to evaluate resistance to hydrogen induced cracking (HIC)

- Cracks occur in line pipe steels used in sour gas environment, without any applied loading.

Quality Assessment Method: NACE TM 0284

Solution A (strong acid) 5% NaC1 + 0.5% CH3COOH → The pH is 2.7 at first and 4.0 or lower by the end.

Solution B (weak acid) synthetic seawater → The pH is 8.2 at first and 4.8~5.4 by the end.

• Crack length ratio (CLR) =

• Crack thickness ratio (CTR) =

• Crack sensitivity ratio (CSR) =

Specimen

Observable surface(n)

Full ring Test System

hydrogen induced cracking Test System

Test Vessel(96hours) h2S removal Tank

H2S H2S Removal Tank

Crack Tip Opening Displacement (CTOD)

Test Features

Test measures the resistance of a material to the propagation of a crack. It is used on materials that can show some plastic deformation

before failure occurs causing the tip to stretch opening.

Model: DWTT-100 (iMaTek, Uk)

instrumented cToD Tester

Actuator

Specimen

COD Gage

Roller

Quality assessment Method : aSTM e1290, BS7448

Machined Notch

Fatigue Precrack

Fracture Surface

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API Steel

API Steel

Testing and Evaluation Methods • Sour Resistance

Sulfide Stress Corrosion Cracking (SSCC)

Quality Assessment Method: NACE TM 0177

- Test for 720 hours at 25°C: static load and bending deformation are typical methods.

- Sudden fracture occurs when subjected to tensile stress in a corrosive environment that contains H2S

SSCC Test System


Static load method: proof ring type

Static load method: dead weight type

Specimen before testing Fractured specimen after testing

Solution Steel

Crack

Toughness

Testing equipment Schematic

Test Solution

Specimen

H2S Gas Out

H2S Gas In

aSTM G39 (Four point Bending Test)

Specimen

- Solution Saturated with H2S

- Immersion for 720 hours at 25°C

- Many customers require this method for determining SSCC resistance.

Method (Standard) • NACE TM0177 or EFC16

Characteristic • Loading type: dead weight

• Maximum applied load: 3tons

• 44 testers

Test Solution • H2S saturated acidic solution

Others • Temperature control: ±1°C

Forming & Testing Facilities

api Steel application center at pohang

Uoe Simulator Large Tensile Test Machine Welding Simulator

Forming Facilities

Edge Milling Machine → Plane & Edge Milling for Welding

Pipe Seam Welding System → Seam Welding for Pipe Manufacturing

Pipe Girth Welding System → Girth Welding for Pipeline Construction

CTOD Tester (Crack Tip Opening Displacement) → Evaluation of Crack Initiation Resistance

UOE Simulator → Integrated Simulator for C-U-O Forming + Expanding

Fixer & Tack Welder → Fixing and Tack Welding for O Formed Pipe

Programable Gas Cutting Machine → Precise Plate & Pipe Cutting for Test Specimen

Testing Facilities

Charpy Impact Tester → Evaluation of Brittle Crack Initiation Resistance

Drop Weight Tear Tester → Evaluation of Brittle Crack Propagation Resistance

Large Tensile Test Machine → Large Scale Tension or Compression Test

Dynamic Tear Tester → Evaluation on Fracture Resistance of High Strength Steel

Automatic Macro Etching System → Evaluation of Internal Defects of Cast Products

High Temp. High Pressure Corrosion Test System → Qualifying of CO2 or H2S Corrosion Properties of Linepipe Steel under HT/ HP

Full Ring Test System → Evaluation of HIC and SSCC Properties of Pipe Ring

Hydrogen Induced Delayed Fracture Test System → Evaluation of the Hydrogen Induced Delayed Fracture Resistance on Bolt and Wire

Ultrasonic Test System → Non-destructive Detection of Defects and Flaws in Metal

Hydrogen Induced Cracking Test System → Evaluation of the Hydrogen Induced Cracking Resistance of Plate/Hot Coil/Pipe

Sulfide Stress Corrosion Cracking Test System → Evaluation of the Sulfide Stress Corrosion Cracking Resistance of Plate/Hot Coil/Pipe

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API Steel

API Steel

Prediction of material properties and quality improvement for API pipes

Numerical analysis for simulating the forming process of API pipes

- Prediction of material properties for API pipes manufactured by UOE, JCO and ERW.

- Identifying the yield stress difference between plates/coils and pipes

- prediction of pipe qualities before manufacturing pipes from steels

Improving API pipe qualities by predicting the difference of material properties

between plates and pipes and supplying the optimized coils and plates to customers

Steel Solutions

crimping U-forming o-forming expanding

roll forming analysis for erW pipes

Flattening & Tension

Numerical analysis for evaluating compressive strain capacity of spiral pipes

Full scale tests for evaluating structural performance of API pipes

Evaluation of material and structural performance of API X80/X100 pipes for strain-based design

- Evaluation of tensile strain capacity of girth welded pipes (SENB/SENT/CWPT)

- Full scale 4 points bending test and numerical analysis for evaluating compressive strain capacity

Verification of material and structural performance required in strain-based design

Full scale 4 point bending test compression-bending test cWpT and SenT test

prediction of the collapse strength using numerical analysis

Prediction and improvement of collapse strength for OCTG

Prediction of the collapse strength by using numerical simulation

- D/t, stress-strain curve, ovality, eccentricity and residual stress are taken into consideration.

- Steel properties and heat treatment are optimized for achieving the target collapse strength.

Improvement of the collapse strength for ERW pipes

- Manufacturing process parameters are optimized by roll forming analysis.

Support of developing the non-heat treated or heat treated high collapse OCTG for customers

collapse of pipes by external pressure

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API Steel

API Steel

Chemical Composition & Mechanical Properties

Line Pipe

Future Challenges

OCTG

Future Challenges

Challenging issue for linepipe High strength for sour service / High toughness at low temperature / High strain capacity

Challenging issue for OCTG High strength / High collapse resistance / High fatigue resistance / High expandability

DivisionDivision

PSL 1

Caing &

Tubing

PSL 2

Coiled tubing

GradeGrade

C MaxC Max

Si MaxSi Max

Mn MaxMn Max

P MaxP Max

S MaxS Max

V, Nb, Ti MaxOther

Other YS Min (Mpa)

YS Max (Mpa)

TS Min (Mpa)

A 0.22 - 0.9 0.03 0.03 -

B 0.26 - 1.2 0.03 0.03 Nb+V≤0.06,Nb+V+Ti≤0.15

X42 0.26 - 1.3 0.03 0.03 Nb+V+Ti≤0.15

X46,X52,X56 0.26 - 1.4 0.03 0.03 Nb+V+Ti≤0.15

X60 0.26 - 1.4 0.03 0.03 Nb+V+Ti≤0.15

X65 0.26 - 1.45 0.03 0.03 Nb+V+Ti≤0.15

X70 0.26 - 1.65 0.03 0.03 Nb+V+Ti≤0.15

B 0.22 0.45 1.2 0.025 0.015 Nb≤0.05, V≤0.05, Ti≤0.04

X42, X46 0.22 0.45 1.3 0.025 0.015 Nb≤0.05, V≤0.05, Ti≤0.04

X52, X56 0.22 0.45 1.4 0.025 0.015 Nb+V+Ti≤0.15

X60, X65 0.12 0.45 1.6 0.025 0.015 Nb+V+Ti≤0.15

X70 0.12 0.45 1.7 0.025 0.015 Nb+V+Ti≤0.15

X80 0.12 0.45 1.85 0.025 0.015 Nb+V+Ti≤0.15

X100 0.10 0.55 2.10 0.020 0.010 Nb+V+Ti≤0.15

J55 - - - 0.02 0.01 - 379 552 517

K55 - - - 0.02 0.01 - 379 552 655

N80 - - - 0.02 0.01 - 552 758 689

L80 0.43 0.45 1.9 0.02 0.01 Cu≤0.25, Ni≤0.35 552 655 655

N80-X 0.20 0.45 1.9 0.02 0.01 - 552 - 621

N90-X 0.20 0.45 1.9 0.02 0.01 - 621 - 689

N100-X 0.20 0.45 1.9 0.02 0.01 - 689 - 758

R95 0.45 0.45 1.9 0.02 0.01 - 655 758 724

P110 - - - 0.02 0.01 - 758 965 862

P110-X 0.20 0.45 1.9 0.02 0.01 - 758 - 827

Q125 0.35 - 1.35 0.02 0.01 Mo≤0.85, Cr≤1.5, Ni≤0.99 862 1034 931

CT100 0.16 0.5 1.65 0.025 0.005 - 689 - 758

■ Chemical Composition by Grade ■ Chemical Composition & Strength by Grade

Note) Based on API-5L, 45th edition(Effective date: July 1, 2013)

Note) Based on API-5CT(9th edition) & API-5ST(1st edition)

Unit: % Unit: %

PSL 1

PSL 2

Grade

psi psi psi psiMpa Mpa Mpa Mpa

YS Min YS Max TS Min TS Max

B 35,500 245 - - 60,200 415 - -

X42 42,100 290 - - 60,200 415 - -

X46 46,400 320 - - 63,100 435 - -

X52 52,200 360 - - 66,700 460 - -

X56 56,600 390 - - 71,100 490 - -

X60 60,200 415 - - 75,400 520 - -

X65 65,300 450 - - 77,600 535 - -

X70 70,300 485 - - 82,700 570 - -

B 35,500 245 65,300 450 60,200 415 95,000 655

X42 42,100 290 71,800 495 60,200 415 95,000 655

X46 46,400 320 76,100 525 63,100 435 95,000 655

X52 52,200 360 76,900 530 66,700 460 110,200 760

X56 56,600 390 79,000 545 71,100 490 110,200 760

X60 60,200 415 81,900 565 75,400 520 110,200 760

X65 65,300 450 87,000 600 77,600 535 110,200 760

X70 70,300 485 92,100 635 82,700 570 110,200 760

X80 80,500 555 102,300 705 90,600 625 119,700 825

X100 100,100 690 121,800 840 110,200 760 143,600 990

■ Strength by Grade

(All kid of PSL1)

Cu≤0.5,

Ni≤0.5,

Cr≤0.5,

Mo≤0.15,

B≤0.001

Cu≤0.5,Ni≤0.3,Cr≤0.3,Mo≤0.15,B≤0.001

Cu≤0.5,Ni≤0.5,Cr≤0.5,Mo≤0.5,B≤0.001

Cu≤0.5,Ni≤1,Cr≤0.5,Mo≤0.5,B≤0.001

Cu≤0.5,Ni≤1,Cr≤0.5,Mo≤0.5,B≤0.004

Note) Non-Heat treatment : POSCO Proprietary grade

■ R&D status at POSCO

Coil ● 22.2 ● 22.2 ●23.7 ● 15.3 ● 14 ● 16 - ● 12 ● 9.1 ● 7 ● 8

Plate ● 41 ● 41 ● 41 ● 19

Coil ● 20.6 ● 19 ● 12 - - ● 12.7 - - - - -

Plate ● 39 ● 37 ● 32 -

Coil - - - - - - 8.9

- - - -

Plate - ● 41 - - - - - - - - -

General

Sour Service

Offshore

High Collapse

Specification

API 5L API 5CTAPI 5ST

(coiled tubing)ExpandableNon-Heat Treatment

(high toughness & high collapse)

X65 X80 k55 n80-X cT100X70 X100 k55j55, n80, L80, r95,

p110, Q125

(Hardness~230HV)

(YS 52ksi)

n90-Xn100-Xp110-X

Commercial Supply Developed Developing Unit: mm

(3740psi~@D/t=24.5)

18 19

API Steel

API Steel

API Pipe Production Processes

Production Features

• Heat is generated at the interface of the parts to be joined by passing an electrical current through electrical resistance.

• Consumables, such as brazing materials, solder, or welding rods are not needed.

• Weldability and dimensional precision are excellent : the method is suitable for sheet and pipe with a diameter of 24” or smaller.

• This process is commonly used in Korea for making API pipe because of low production cost and high productivity.

UOE Steel Pipe

Production Features

• After milling the press is used to shape the plate into U’s and O’s. Then the expansion process is performed.

• The initial investment expense is high, but productivity is high as well.

• The expansion process results in deviation from roundness, so the flatness of the initial plate is not an issue.

• This method is usually used for large diameter (e.g. 56” with 23mm thickness) pipe.

► ► ► ►

Hydraulic test Ultrasonic & eddy current tests

Marking & packing

Hot dip galvanizing, threading, coating

Annealing

Visual & dimensional evaluation

Inspection

Electric Resistance Welded(ERW) Pipe

► ►▲

Leveling Forming Welding Sizing Cutting DeburringOnline non-destructive test

Skelp (hot-rolled coil) Inner/outer bead removal Seam annealing Air cooling

Water cooling

Flattening test

► ► ► ► ►

Plate Edge milling Edge crimping U-ing O-ing Expansion

High-load Low-load

Press Capacity

High-load

Production Features

• Roll bending is a time-consuming process for making pipe. Productivity is low, but the facility investment is also relatively low.

Diverse sizes can be produced.

• JCO lags behind UOE in terms of productivity, but changing the pipe size is easier when using the JCO method.

Roll Bending & JCO Pipe

► ► ► ◄ ◄ ◄ ◄

Plate PlateEdge crimping

Roll Bending Pipe JCO Pipe

Roll bending Welding O-ing C-ing J-ing

Production Features

• The seam is a spiral, and an arc generated between the base metal and the seam is used to perform the welding.

• The feed angle depends on strip width and final outside diameter.

• This is the method employed at many overseas (Chinese, Turkish, Pakistani and other) customers for hot-rolled API steel.

• Hot-rolled plate is used to make large-diameter (e.g. 56” with 20mm thickness) pipe.

Spiral(Submerged-Arc Welded) Steel Pipe

Skelp (hot-rolled coil)

Skelp connection weld

Outer layer weld

Inner layer weld

Forming Cutting Deburring

Hydraulic test

Side trimming

► ► ►

Shot blast on inner & outer surfaces

Protective coating

PE coating

Epoxy coating

Rod attachment

Hot dip galvanizing

►Visual &

dimensional evaluation

Inspection

Marking & packing

Marking & packing

Shipping Shipping

▼ ▼

▼ ▼

►

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API Steel

API Steel

Marking (Plate)

Marking

Rolling DirectionSide Label

Packing & Marking

Binding Types

Type 3 Type 6Type 4 Type 7Type 5 Type 8

“L” Bindings

This category is commonly used to bind the coil in the longitudinal direction.

“C” Bindings

This category binds the coil crosswise and is divided into six types (from 3 to 8 strands).

Customers are requested to specify the type they want when placing the order.

Band

Buckle

Packing Types

Coil DA Exposed Package

Product Domestic

Types codecode Types

Export

EA Exposed Package (Regular)

EA 1 Exposed Package (Extra Bands)

Available Size

Hot Rolled

Sweet Service• Sweet Service : grade guarantee and impact / DWTT -10°C

and higher (as coil)

• Toughness conditions : required or not required

• Please inquire separately for API-X80, products scheduled

for future production and R&D scope.

Plate

Sweet Service• Sweet Service : grade guarantee and impact / DWTT -20°C

and higher (as plate)

• Toughness conditions: required or not required

• Please inquire separately for API-X80, products scheduled

for future production and R&D scope.

■ API-X70 ■ API-X70




Sour Service• Solution A: initial ph of 2.6~2.8

• Solution B: initial pH of 8.1-8.3 (HIC) / initial pH of 3.4-3.6 (SSCC)

Sour Service• Sour-resistant API-X70: initial products under development

25 37

32.525.423

20 26.418 23.8

17501950 4400

4400

4400

44003700

2734

333125.4

22.2

29002500

2500

4300

1600

1930

18501600

22

22

21

21

18.5

TT

TT

TT

TT

W W

W W

W W

W W

Currently in production Planned for production Under development

Unit: mm / T: Thickness / W: Width

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API Steel

API Steel

Non-sour Service Material(TMCP Delivery)

Note) T : Thickness, W : Width / API project should be discussed before ordering.

Grade \ Thickness 12.7 ≤ T < 15.9 15.9 ≤ T < 17.5 17.5 ≤ T < 25.4 25.4 ≤ T < 32.5 32.5 ≤ T < 41

BM W ≤ 4,800 W ≤ 4,800 W ≤ 4,800 W ≤ 4,500 W ≤ 4,000

X52M W ≤ 4,800 W ≤ 4,800 W ≤ 4,800 W ≤ 4,500 W ≤ 4,000

X56M W ≤ 4,800 W ≤ 4,800 W ≤ 4,800 W ≤ 4,500 W ≤ 4,000

X60M W ≤ 4,800 W ≤ 4,800 W ≤ 4,800 W ≤ 4,500 W ≤ 4,000

X65M W ≤ 4,800 W ≤ 4,800 W ≤ 4,800 W ≤ 4,500 W ≤ 4,000

X70M W ≤ 4,800 W ≤ 4,800 W ≤ 4,800 W ≤ 4,500 W ≤ 4,000

X80M W ≤ 4,000 W ≤ 4,800 W ≤ 4,800 W ≤ 4,500 W ≤ 4,000

Unit: mm

Sour Service Material(TMCP Delivery)

Note) T : Thickness should be discussed before ordering. / API project should be discussed before ordering.

Grade \ Thickness 14.3 ≤ T < 15.9 15.9 ≤ T < 17.5 17.5 ≤ T < 22.2 22.2 ≤ T < 25.4 25.4 ≤ T < 40

BMS W ≤ 4,100 W ≤ 4,100 W ≤ 4,400 W ≤ 4,000 W ≤ 3,800

X52MS W ≤ 4,100 W ≤ 4,100 W ≤ 4,400 W ≤ 4,000 W ≤ 3,800

X56MS W ≤ 4,100 W ≤ 4,100 W ≤ 4,400 W ≤ 4,000 W ≤ 3,800

X60MS W ≤ 4,100 W ≤ 4,100 W ≤ 4,400 W ≤ 4,000 W ≤ 3,800

X65MS W ≤ 4,100 W ≤ 4,100 W ≤ 4,400 W ≤ 4,000 W ≤ 3,800

X70MS W ≤ 4,100 W ≤ 4,100 W ≤ 4,400 W ≤ 4,000 W ≤ 3,800

Unit: mm

Plate Products

Available Linepipe & OCTG Steels

HRC Products

Grade \ Thickness 6 ≤ T < 10 10 ≤ T < 18 18 ≤ T < 20

X70

ERW 880 ≤ W ≤ 1,945 880 ≤ W ≤ 1,945 880 ≤ W ≤ 1,750

Spiral 880 ≤ W ≤ 1,600 880 ≤ W ≤ 1,800 880 ≤ W ≤ 1,750

Note) T : Thickness, W : Width, *Please contact us regarding sizes not listed above.

Grade \ Thickness 9 ≤ T < 12 12 ≤ T < 15 15 ≤ T < 18.5

X80

ERW 880 ≤ W ≤ 1,600 880 ≤ W ≤ 1,930 880 ≤ W ≤ 1,750

Spiral 880 ≤ W ≤ 1,500 880 ≤ W ≤ 1,750 880 ≤ W ≤ 1,750

Grade \ Thickness 5 ≤ T < 6 6 ≤ T < 20 20 ≤ T < 25.4

BM ~ X65 (ERW, Spiral) 880 ≤ W ≤ 1,750 880 ≤ W ≤ 1,945 880 ≤ W ≤ 1,750

Unit: mmSweet Service Material

Grade Thickness Width

X52 7 ~ 20 880 ~ 1,930

X56~X65 9 ~ 14 880 ~ 1,600

■ Spiral Type Unit: mm

Grade Thickness Width

X52

4.8 ~ 7 880 ~ 1,500

7 ~ 20 880 ~ 1,930

X56~X65 6 ~ 21 880 ~ 1,930

■ ERW Type Unit: mm

Sour Service Material

OCTG Material

J55

K55

N80

Gradeover overLess Less

Thickness

2.5 3.5 840 1,300

3.5 6 840 1,500

6 14 840 1,750

9 12.7 880 1,600

6 12 880 1,600

Width

Unit: mm

Note) Non-Heat treatment : POSCO Proprietary grade

■ R&D status at POSCO

Coil ● 22.2 ● 22.2 ●23.7 ● 15.3 ● 14 ● 16 - ● 12 ● 9.1 ● 7 ● 8

Plate ● 41 ● 41 ● 41 ● 19

Coil ● 20.6 ● 19 ● 12 - - ● 12.7 - - - - -

Plate ● 39 ● 37 ● 32 -

Coil - - - - - - 8.9

- - - -

Plate - ● 41 - - - - - - - - -

General

Sour Service

Offshore

High Collapse

Specification

API 5L API 5CTAPI 5ST

(coiled tubing)ExpandableNon-Heat Treatment

(high toughness & high collapse)

X65 X80 k55 n80-X cT100X70 X100 k55j55, n80, L80, r95,

p110, Q125

(Hardness~230HV)

(YS 52ksi)

n90-Xn100-Xp110-X

Commercial Supply Developed Developing Unit: mm

(3740psi~@D/t=24.5)

24 25

API Steel

API Steel

Plate Products

■ Sweet Service

Spec Size(mm) Piping Type Quantity(ton) Period

X70M 26.4 x 4,338 JCO 20,000 2008

X80M 21.0 x 3,295 JCO 3,000 2008

X70M 19.8 x 4,382 JCO 58,000 2009~2010

X70M 26.4 x 4,332 JCO 9,000 2010

X65M 20.6~30.2 x 2,477 JCO 47,000 2010~2011

X80M 23.0 x 4,343 JCO 20,000 2011

X80M 22.2 x 1,361 UOE 7,000 2011

X60M 14.3 x 3,275 R/B 75,000 2011

X65MO 25.4 x 1,663 JCO 10,000 2012

X70MO 31 x 2,235 / 27.4 x 2,226 JCO 23,000 2013

X65MO 27.4 x 2,236 / 31.0 x 2235 JCO 22,000 2013

X70M 13.46 x 2,337 R/B 17,400 2013~2014

X65M 14.73 x 2,806 UOE 33,000 2014

X70M 25.71 x 4,340 JCO 20,000 2014

X70M 16.26 x 4,390 / 19.51 x 4,379 JCO 16,000 2015

X70M 15.24 x 3,273 / 18.29 x 3,263 UOE 150,000 2015~2016

■ Sour Service


X65MS 22.2 x 4,369 R/B 5,000 2007

X65MS 25.4 x 2,305 JCO 6,000 2008

X65MS 19.1~24.03 x 3,775 JCO 34,000 2008

X60MS 15.9, 19.1 x 2,800 R/B 7,000 2008~2009

X52MS 14.3 x 1,860 R/B 41,000 2010

X60MS 11.4 x 2,024 UOE 3,000 2011

X65MS 14.3~22.2 x 2,145~2,753 JCO 59,000 2011

X65MS 23.8~28.5 x 2,845 UOE 3,000 2012

X65MS 11.13 x 1,546 JCO 18,000 2013

X60MS 23.02 × 1,513 / 22.23 x 1,833 UOE 7,000 2014

X65MS 17.5 × 1,997 / 20.6 x 1,988 JCO 27,000 2014

X60MS 17.5 x 1,997 JCO 13,000 2015

X60MS 17.5~25.4 / 1,972~1,997 JCO 15,000 2015

X60MS 22.23 x 1,826 JCO 6,000 2016

■ Sweet Service

Main Supply Records

HRC Products


X80M 11/14.45 x 1,530 Spiral (42”) 13,000 2007

X70M 22.22 x 1,530 Spiral (42”) 10,000 2008

X70M 12.91~22.22 x 1,645 Spiral (48”) 47,000 2009~2010

X80M 17.5 x 1,500 Spiral (48”) 73,000 2010

X70M 14.1~19.7 x 1,500 Spiral (48”) 164,000 2011

X70M 13.08~19.56 x 1,800 Spiral (36”) 38,000 2011

X70M 10.0~14.4 x 1,800 Spiral (48") 29,000 2012

X70M 16.6 x 1800 / 22.2 x 1,600 Spiral (42") 37,000 2012

X70M 18.2 x 1,600 Spiral (42") 11,000 2013

X70M 8.7~12.5 x 1,150 Spiral (24") 31,000 2013

X65M 10.35 x 1,918 ERW (24") 10,000 2014

X70M 15.88 x 1,650 / 10.9 x 1,650 Spiral (24") 88,000 2014~2015

X70M 15.24 x 1,800 Spiral (42”) 47,000 2015

X70M 19.65 x 1,650 Spiral (48") 375,000 2015~2016

X70M 18.95 x 1,650 Spiral (42") 81,000 2015~2016

■ Sour Service


X60MS 6.35~15.88 x 851~1,710 ERW 107,000 2006~2009

X52MS 7.1 x 1,595 ERW 21,000 2008~2009

X52MS 11.1~15.9 x 1,500 / 11.1 x 1,865 Spiral 70,000 2010

X60MS 17.5 x 1,210 LSAW 7,000 2010

X65MS 19.1 x 1,539 LSAW 2,000 2011

X60MS 17.5 x 1,214 / 20.6 x 1,519 LSAW 6,000 2011

X60MS 17.5 x 1,211 Spiral 8,000 2012

X60MS 14.3 x 1,868 Spiral 9,000 2012

X65MS 15.9 x 1,688 ERW 3,000 2014

X60MS 20.6 x 1,528 LSAW 6,600 2014

X65MS 17.50 x 1,380 LSAW 4,000 2015

X60MSO 19.10 x 1,377 / 19.10 x 1,536 LSAW 19,000 2015

X52MSO 14.27 x 1,859 LSAW 8,000 2015

X65MS 16.00 x 1,541 LSAW 9,300 2015

26 27

API Steel

API Steel

Global Network ● Asia

28 29

API Steel

API Steel

Global Network ● America Global Network ● Europe & Africa

Contact Us

POSCO Center 440, Teheran-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Korea

Global Technical Center

TEL 82-2-3457-6389FAX 82-2-3457-6000

Copyright Ⓒ 2016 by POSCOAll rights reserved

API STEEL

www.posco.com www.steel-n.comwww.posco.com www.steel-n.com

Published in March, 2016

Headquarters

6261, Donghaean-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang-si,

Gyeongsangbuk-do, 37859 Korea

TEL 82-54-220-0114

FAX 82-54-220-6000

Seoul Office

POSCO Center, 440, Teheran-ro,

Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06194 Korea

TEL 82-2-3457-0114

FAX 82-2-3457-6000

Pohang Works

6262, Donghaean-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang-si,

Gyeongsangbuk-do, 37859 Korea

TEL 82-54-220-0114

FAX 82-54-220-6000

Gwangyang Works

20-26, Pokposarang-gil, Gwangyang-si,

Jeollanam-do, 57807 Korea

TEL 82-61-790-0114

FAX 82-61-790-7000

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