appendix 11.1: ecology baseline survey data - south stream · rakitnika proposed connection with...

Appendix 11.1: Ecology Baseline Survey Data

URS-EIA-REP-202375

Table of Contents 11.1 Ecology Baseline Survey Data ................................................................................. 1

11.1.1 Vegetation ................................................................................................ 1 11.1.1.1 Survey Plot Locations (Figure 11.1.1) .................................................. 6

11.1.2 Breeding Birds........................................................................................... 9 11.1.3 Migrating Birds ........................................................................................ 18 11.1.4 Wintering Birds ....................................................................................... 23 11.1.5 Bats ....................................................................................................... 29

11.1.5.1 Method ........................................................................................... 29 11.1.5.2 Habitat Survey and Assessment ........................................................ 29 11.1.5.3 Bat Roosts ....................................................................................... 29 11.1.5.4 Trees .............................................................................................. 30 11.1.5.5 Bat Activity ...................................................................................... 30 11.1.5.6 Limitations ...................................................................................... 35 11.1.5.7 Results ............................................................................................ 36 11.1.5.8 Evaluation ....................................................................................... 40

11.1.6 Invertebrates (Insects) ............................................................................ 42 11.1.7 Invertebrates (Molluscs) .......................................................................... 53

URS-EIA-REP-202375 i

Appendix 11.1 Ecology Baseline Survey Data

Tables

Table 11.1.1 Woodland Survey Plot Data ................................................................................ 1

Table 11.1.2 Survey Plot Locations ......................................................................................... 6




Table 11.1.6 Breeding Birds ................................................................................................... 9

Table 11.1.7 Migrating Birds ................................................................................................ 18

Table 11.1.8 Wintering Birds ................................................................................................ 23

Table 11.1.9 Bat Detector Locations ..................................................................................... 35

Table 11.1.10 Weather Conditions (dusk emergence survey) ................................................. 36

Table 11.1.11 Weather Conditions (dawn re-entry survey) ..................................................... 36

Table 11.1.12 Weather Conditions during Walked Transects ................................................... 37

Table 11.1.13 Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey Results 2012 .................................................... 42

Table 11.1.14 Mollusc Survey Results ................................................................................... 53

Figures

Figure 11.1.1 Map of Survey Plot Locations ............................................................................ 7

Figure 11.1.2 Migratory Birds .............................................................................................. 21

Figure 11.1.3 Wintering Birds .............................................................................................. 27

Figure 11.1.4 Records from Stationary and Transect Studies of Bats ...................................... 33

Figure 11.1.5 Schematic Map Of Factual Material in the Study Area ....................................... 55

Figure 11.1.6 Map of Recorded Reptiles, Amphibians and Mammals (except Bats) .................. 57

Figure 11.1.7 Coastal Species .............................................................................................. 59

Figure 11.1.8 Open Habitat Species ..................................................................................... 61

Figure 11.1.9 Wetland Species ............................................................................................. 63

Figure 11.1.10 Woodland Species ........................................................................................ 65

ii URS-EIA-REP-202375

Acronyms

Acronym Definition

BDA (2) Biological Diversity Act of Bulgaria, Annex 2, 2002

BDA (3) Biological Diversity Act of Bulgaria 2002, Annex

BE Balkan endemic species and genus

BeC (2) Bern Convention, Annex 2

BeC (3) Bern Convention, Annex 3

CORINE Co-ordination of Information on the Environment Biotopes

EBE Eastern Balkan endemic species

ERLD European Red List of Dragonflie

ERLSB European Red List of Saproxylic Beetle

HD (2) Habitats Directive 92/43, Annex 2

HD (4) Habitats Directive 92/43, Annex 4

IUCN RDL Red Data List of the International Union for Conservation of Nature

LR Lower Risk

NT Near Threatened

PBA Prime Butterfly Areas in Bulgaria

RDBEB Red Data Book of European Butterflies

RLDB Red List of Dragonflies of Bulgaria

VU Vulnerable

URS-EIA-REP-202375 iii

11.1 Ecology Baseline Survey Data

11.1.1 Vegetation

Table 11.1.1 Woodland Survey Plot Data

Survey Plot Number

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

Canopy layer

Quercus cerris/frainetto

10 15 40 10 50 75 5 25 10 60 70 P 20 40 75 50 80 25 10

Carpinus orientalis

90 70 50 85 40 5 60 20 P

Fraxinus ornus 5 5 5

Shrub layer

Carpinus orientalis

5 20 10 5 20 30 40 5 20 10 P 1 60 50 40 *

Cornus mas 1 1 25 5 1 5 5 60 5 15

Continued…

Survey Plot Number

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

Ligustrum ovalifolium

1

Crataegus monogyna

1 1 1 1 10 * 5 * 1 1 *

Fraxinus ornus 5 1 5 5 45 30 * 10 5 P 5 5 10 5 30 80

Acer campestre * 1 5 * *

Sorbus sp. 5 P

Quercus cerris/frainetto

10 5 5

Rubus fruticosus

1

Rosa sp. * *

Ground layer

Polygonatum sp.

1 * * 5 5 P * *

Continued...

Survey Plot Number

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

Geum urbanum 1 * * 1 P 1 * *

Ruscus aculeatus

30 40 5 2 1 1 *

Hedera helix 60 40 95 5 5 1 4 5 75 *

Viola sp. * * 1 * * * 1 P

Tamus communis

* * * * * * *

Euphorbia sp. * * *

Mercurialis ovalifolium

4

Ferulago sylvatica

*

Neottia nidus-avis

* * 1

Continued...

Survey Plot Number

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

Scilla bithynica *

Inula salicinia 1

Clinopodium vulgare

*

Veronica hamaedris

*

Asphodelina liburnica

*

Teucrium hamedrys

*

Trifolium alpestre

*

Lathyrus laxiflorus

* *

Lathyrus niger *

Continued...

Survey Plot Number

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

Achillea millefolium

*

Luzula foersterii *

Muscarii sp. *

Hieracium umbellatum

*

Mentha sp. *

Viburnum sp. *

Graminae * 1 20 5 2 5 5 80 2 25 2 95 40

Tree seedlings * 5 2 5 5 10 5 1 5 5 15 5 20 40 30 50 10 60

NB All cover in %,* = less than 1%, P=Present (cover data not collected) Complete.


11.1.1.1 Survey Plot Locations (Figure 11.1.1)

Table 11.1.2 Survey Plot Locations

Survey Plot Number (10x10 m)

1 2 3 4 5

Date of survey 26/06/2012 26/06/2012 26/06/2012 26/06/2012 26/06/2012

Location (Lat, Long)

43 06.185N, 27 55.342E

43 06.255N, 27 55.263E

43 06.239N, 27 55.141E

43 06.294N, 27 54.951E

43 06.228N, 27 54.776E



6 7 8 9 10

Date of survey 26/06/2012 27/06/2012 27/06/2012 27/06/2012 27/06/2012


43 06.248N, 27 54.500E

43 06.860N 27 54.672E

43 06.815N 27 54.735E

43 06.806N 27 54.799E

43 06.748N 27 54.899E



11 12 13 14 15

Date of survey 27/06/2012 28/06/2012 28/06/2012 13/08/2012 13/08/2012


43 06.683N 27 54.989E

43 06.240N, 27 55.286E

43 06.668N 27 54.717E

43 06.994N, 27 54.528E

43 06.986N, 27 54.069E



16 17 18 19

Date of survey 13/08/2012 13/08/2012 14/08/2012 14/08/2012


43 07.121N, 27 53.853E

43 07.233N, 27 53.660E

43 06.325N, 27 54.059E

43 06.471N, 27 54.177E

6 URS-EIA-REP-202375

Rakitnika

Proposed connection with SouthStream Pipeline System on the

territory of the Republic of Bulgaria

Vent Stack

987

6 54

3 21

19

18

16

15 14

13

12

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Purpose of Issue

Project Title

Drawing Title

Drawn Checked

MAP OF SURVEYPLOT LOCATIONS

SOUTH STREAMOFFSHORE PIPELINE

Scott HouseAlencon Link, BasingstokeHampshire, RG21 7PPTelephone (01256) 310200Fax (01256) 310201www.ursglobal.com

URS Infrastructure & Environment UK Limited

DateApproved

RevDrawing Number

This document has been prepared in accordance with the scope of URS' appointment withits client and is subject to the terms of that appointment. URS accepts no liability for any

use of this document other than by its client and only for the purposes for whichit was prepared and provided. Only written dimensions shall be used.

© URS Infrastructure & Environment UK Limited

URS Internal Project No. Scale @ A3AH RW MW 06/05/2014

For InformationClient

LEGENDPlo

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: 06 Ma

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Figure

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Map o

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Projection: Lambert Conformal Conic

46369082

0 500 1,000 1,500m Figure 11.1.1

Ecological survey plotlocations

Bulgarian Sector of SouthStream Offshore Pipeline

Proposed offshore pipelinesProposed microtunnelsProposed landfall section pipelinesLandfall facilitiesRight-of-WayTemporary construction sitesTemporary construction sitefor permanent access roadto be constructed by SSTTBVMicrotunnel entry pointMicrotunnel exit pointPermanent access road tobe constructed by SSTTBV

Galata Pipeline InfrastructureExisting Galata gas pipelineExisting Galata gas processing plant

South Stream Pipeline System on theterritory of the Republic of Bulgaria

Varna compressor stationPasha Dere receiving terminalSSBAD pipelinesPermanent access road to beconstructed by SSBAD

11.1.2 Breeding Birds

Table 11.1.6 Breeding Birds

Species

Latin Name Common Name

Sand

y B

each

Mar

sh

Gra

ssla

nd S

crub

m

osai

c

Spec

ies-

rich

gr

assl

and/

sc

atte

red

scru

b

Woo

dlan

d cl

eari

ng

Frax

inus

dom

inat

ed

woo

dlan

d

Que

rcus

dom

inat

ed

woo

dlan

d

Fagu

s do

min

ated

w

oodl

and

Mix

ed P

inus

/ lim

e W

oodl

and

Sem

i-m

atur

e pl

anta

tion

w

oodl

and

You

ng m

ixed

pl

anta

tion

w

oodl

and

Pin

e fo

rest

Com

mon

locu

st

dom

inat

ed

plan

tati

on

woo

dlan

d

Ope

n m

ixed

ha

bita

t

Tota

ls

Number of Species

Accipiter nisus Sparrowhawk 2 2

Accipiter gentilis

Northern Goshawk

2 2

Acrocephalus arundinaceus

Great reed warbler

2 2

Bubo bubo Eagle owl 1 1

Continued…

Species


Sand

y B

each

Mar

sh

Gra

ssla

nd S

crub

m

osai

c

Spec

ies-

rich

gr

assl

and/

sc

atte

red

scru

b

Woo

dlan

d cl

eari

ng

Frax

inus

dom

inat

ed

woo

dlan

d

Que

rcus

dom

inat

ed

woo

dlan

d

Fagu

s do

min

ated

w

oodl

and

Mix

ed P

inus

/ lim

e W

oodl

and

Sem

i-m

atur

e pl

anta

tion

w

oodl

and

You

ng m

ixed

pl

anta

tion

w

oodl

and

Pin

e fo

rest

Com

mon

locu

st

dom

inat

ed

plan

tati

on

woo

dlan

d

Ope

n m

ixed

ha

bita

t

Tota

ls

Number of Species

Buteo buteo Common buzzard

1 1

Carduelis carduelis

Goldfinch 15 2 15

Carduelis chloris

Greenfinch 1 3 4

Caprimulgus europaeus

European nightjar

8 8

Coccothraustes coccothraustes

Hawfinch 7 5 12

Corvus corax Raven 1 1

Continued…

Species


Sand

y B

each

Mar

sh

Gra

ssla

nd S

crub

m

osai

c

Spec

ies-

rich

gr

assl

and/

sc

atte

red

scru

b

Woo

dlan

d cl

eari

ng

Frax

inus

dom

inat

ed

woo

dlan

d

Que

rcus

dom

inat

ed

woo

dlan

d

Fagu

s do

min

ated

w

oodl

and

Mix

ed P

inus

/ lim

e W

oodl

and

Sem

i-m

atur

e pl

anta

tion

w

oodl

and

You

ng m

ixed

pl

anta

tion

w

oodl

and

Pin

e fo

rest

Com

mon

locu

st

dom

inat

ed

plan

tati

on

woo

dlan

d

Ope

n m

ixed

ha

bita

t

Tota

ls

Number of Species

Cuculus canorus

Cuckoo 2 1 3

Cyanistes caeruleus

Blue tit 1 1

Dendrocopos syriacus

Syrian woodpecker

1 1

Delichon urbica House martin 3 3

Erithacus megarhynchos

Nightingale 1 1 7 1 1 11

Continued…

Species


Sand

y B

each

Mar

sh

Gra

ssla

nd S

crub

m

osai

c

Spec

ies-

rich

gr

assl

and/

sc

atte

red

scru

b

Woo

dlan

d cl

eari

ng

Frax

inus

dom

inat

ed

woo

dlan

d

Que

rcus

dom

inat

ed

woo

dlan

d

Fagu

s do

min

ated

w

oodl

and

Mix

ed P

inus

/ lim

e W

oodl

and

Sem

i-m

atur

e pl

anta

tion

w

oodl

and

You

ng m

ixed

pl

anta

tion

w

oodl

and

Pin

e fo

rest

Com

mon

locu

st

dom

inat

ed

plan

tati

on

woo

dlan

d

Ope

n m

ixed

ha

bita

t

Tota

ls

Number of Species

Erithacus rubecula

Robin 1 1 9 4 8 4 27

Falco subbuteo Hobby 1 1

Fringilla coelebs Chaffinch 5 17 2 10 6 1 40

Gallinula chloropus

Moorhen 3 3

Garrulus glandarius

Jay 4 1 5

Continued…

Species


Sand

y B

each

Mar

sh

Gra

ssla

nd S

crub

m

osai

c

Spec

ies-

rich

gr

assl

and/

sc

atte

red

scru

b

Woo

dlan

d cl

eari

ng

Frax

inus

dom

inat

ed

woo

dlan

d

Que

rcus

dom

inat

ed

woo

dlan

d

Fagu

s do

min

ated

w

oodl

and

Mix

ed P

inus

/ lim

e W

oodl

and

Sem

i-m

atur

e pl

anta

tion

w

oodl

and

You

ng m

ixed

pl

anta

tion

w

oodl

and

Pin

e fo

rest

Com

mon

locu

st

dom

inat

ed

plan

tati

on

woo

dlan

d

Ope

n m

ixed

ha

bita

t

Tota

ls

Number of Species

Hippolais pallida Eastern olivaceous warbler

2 2

Hirundo rustica Swallow 3 3

Ixobrychus minutus

Little bittern 2

Lanius collurio Red-backed shrike

1 1 1 3

Lanius minor Lesser grey shrike

11 11

Continued…

Species


Sand

y B

each

Mar

sh

Gra

ssla

nd S

crub

m

osai

c

Spec

ies-

rich

gr

assl

and/

sc

atte

red

scru

b

Woo

dlan

d cl

eari

ng

Frax

inus

dom

inat

ed

woo

dlan

d

Que

rcus

dom

inat

ed

woo

dlan

d

Fagu

s do

min

ated

w

oodl

and

Mix

ed P

inus

/ lim

e W

oodl

and

Sem

i-m

atur

e pl

anta

tion

w

oodl

and

You

ng m

ixed

pl

anta

tion

w

oodl

and

Pin

e fo

rest

Com

mon

locu

st

dom

inat

ed

plan

tati

on

woo

dlan

d

Ope

n m

ixed

ha

bita

t

Tota

ls

Number of Species

Lullula arborea Woodlark 1 1

Merops apiaster European bee-eater

4 5 9

Miliaria calandra Corn bunting 2 2

Motacilla alba Pied wagtail 2 2

Oriolus oriolus Golden oriole 6 1 2 2 1 12

Parus major Great tit 1 6 1 8

Continued…

Species


Sand

y B

each

Mar

sh

Gra

ssla

nd S

crub

m

osai

c

Spec

ies-

rich

gr

assl

and/

sc

atte

red

scru

b

Woo

dlan

d cl

eari

ng

Frax

inus

dom

inat

ed

woo

dlan

d

Que

rcus

dom

inat

ed

woo

dlan

d

Fagu

s do

min

ated

w

oodl

and

Mix

ed P

inus

/ lim

e W

oodl

and

Sem

i-m

atur

e pl

anta

tion

w

oodl

and

You

ng m

ixed

pl

anta

tion

w

oodl

and

Pin

e fo

rest

Com

mon

locu

st

dom

inat

ed

plan

tati

on

woo

dlan

d

Ope

n m

ixed

ha

bita

t

Tota

ls

Number of Species

Pernis apivorus Honey buzzard 1 1

Phylloscopus bonelli

Western Bonelli’s warbler

2 2

Phylloscopus collybita

Chiffchaff 1 1

Phylloscopus sibilatrix

Wood warbler 1 1 2

Continued…

Species


Sand

y B

each

Mar

sh

Gra

ssla

nd S

crub

m

osai

c

Spec

ies-

rich

gr

assl

and/

sc

atte

red

scru

b

Woo

dlan

d cl

eari

ng

Frax

inus

dom

inat

ed

woo

dlan

d

Que

rcus

dom

inat

ed

woo

dlan

d

Fagu

s do

min

ated

w

oodl

and

Mix

ed P

inus

/ lim

e W

oodl

and

Sem

i-m

atur

e pl

anta

tion

w

oodl

and

You

ng m

ixed

pl

anta

tion

w

oodl

and

Pin

e fo

rest

Com

mon

locu

st

dom

inat

ed

plan

tati

on

woo

dlan

d

Ope

n m

ixed

ha

bita

t

Tota

ls

Number of Species

Rallus aquaticus Water rail 2 2

Stretopelia turtur

Turtle dove 1 2 3

Sylvia atricapilla Blackcap 3 5 4 1 7 2 22

Sylvia communis

Whitethroat 2 2

Turdus merula Blackbird 6 1 5 4 16

Turdus philomelos

Song thrush 4 1 3 1 9

Continued…

Species


Sand

y B

each

Mar

sh

Gra

ssla

nd S

crub

m

osai

c

Spec

ies-

rich

gr

assl

and/

sc

atte

red

scru

b

Woo

dlan

d cl

eari

ng

Frax

inus

dom

inat

ed

woo

dlan

d

Que

rcus

dom

inat

ed

woo

dlan

d

Fagu

s do

min

ated

w

oodl

and

Mix

ed P

inus

/ lim

e W

oodl

and

Sem

i-m

atur

e pl

anta

tion

w

oodl

and

You

ng m

ixed

pl

anta

tion

w

oodl

and

Pin

e fo

rest

Com

mon

locu

st

dom

inat

ed

plan

tati

on

woo

dlan

d

Ope

n m

ixed

ha

bita

t

Tota

ls

Number of Species

Tyto alba Barn owl 1 1

Number of Species 2 2 2 2 6 21 98 20 2 43 29 5 0 5

Complete.


11.1.3 Migrating Birds

Table 11.1.7 Migrating Birds (Figure 11.1.2)

Species Number of birds Comments


Pernis apivorus Honey buzzard 21 Migrating over project site and coastline

Buteo buteo Buzzard 45 One pair with 3 young

One pair with 2 young

The rest - migrating over project site and coastline

Aquila pomarina Lesser spotted eagle 8 One pair with 1 young

Five migrating individuals

Aquila pennata 1 1 migrating individual

Accipiter nisus 8 Migrating over project site

Alcedo atthis Common kingfisher 3 Migrating over project site

Actitis hypoleucos Common sandpiper 1 Migrating over project site

Buteo rufinus 2 Migrating over project site

Circus aeruginosus 2 Migrating over project site

Circus cyaneus 4 Migrating over project site

Ciconia ciconia White stork c. 500 Large flock flying approximately 5 km offshore crossing bay

Coracias garrulus European roller 1 Migrating over project site

Galinula chloropus Moorhen 3 Migrating over project site

Pelecanus onocrotalus Great white pelican 50 Group flying over the woodland within the survey area

Continued…




Egretta garzetta Little egret 36 14 individuals landed and fed on the Liman waterbody, the remainder flew northwards along the coastline

Emberiza hortulana Ortolan bunting 1 Migrating over the sea*

Falco tinnunculus Common kestrel 2 Migrating over the project area

Falco vespertinus Red-footed falcon 3 Migrating over the sea*

Ardea cinerea Grey heron 1 Feeding on the Liman waterbody

Ardea purpurea Purple heron 1 Feeding on the Liman waterbody – spring migration

Ficedula albicollis Collared Flycatcher 3 Feeding on the Liman waterbody – spring migration

Ixobrychus minutus Little bittern 1 Heard calling from the Liman waterbody

Phalacrocorax carbo Great cormorant 10 to 25 Regularly staying along the rocky coastline

Platalea leucordia Eurasian spoonbill 40 Migrating over the sea*

Larus cachinnans Caspian gull 20 to 50 Regularly present along the coastline

Larus michaellis Yellow-legged gull 200 to 300 Regularly present along the coastline

Lymnocryptes minimus Jack snipe 1 In grassland near Liman – spring migration

Merops apiaster European bee-eater 25 to 80 Hunting in flocks around the woodland areas and roosting overnight on the power lines

Delichon urbicum House martin 20 to 80 Regularly feeding over the Liman waterbody

Continued…

URS-EIA-REP-202375 19




Lanuis collurio Red-backed shrike 8 Observed on shrubs across the grassland and beneath the power transmission line

Hirundo rustica Barn swallow 1 Observed in wetland

Caprimulgus europaeus European nightjar 3 Seen and heard during nocturnal bat surveys

* Recorded from a boat Complete.


Rakitnika

Kantara



Vent Stack

VP1

VP2

VP3

Purpose of Issue

Project Title

Drawing Title

Drawn Checked

MIGRATORY BIRDS




DateApproved

RevDrawing Number






LEGENDPlo

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Figure

11.2.2

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46369082

0 500 1,000 1,500m Figure 11.1.2

Survey pointMigrating woodland speciesStationed birds in theLiman and the seaFlight direction 1Flight direction 2


Proposed offshore pipelinesProposed microtunnelsProposed landfall sectionpipelinesLandfall facilitiesRight-of-WayTemporary construction sitesTemporary construction sitefor permanent access roadto be constructed by SSTTBVMicrotunnel entry pointMicrotunnel exit pointPermanent access road tobe constructed by SSTTBV

Galata Pipeline InfrastructureExisting Galata gas pipelineExisting Galata gasprocessing plant



Stationed birds in theLiman and the seaPodiceps cristatusPodiceps nigricollisPhalacrocorax carboGavia arcticaFulica atraFlight direction 1Egretta garzettaArdea cinereaArdea purpureaIxobrychus minutusPhalacrocorax carboLarus michaellisLarus cachinnansHirundo rusticaLymnocryptes minimusDelichon urbicumFlight direction 2Pernis apivorusButeo buteoAquila pomarinaAquila pennataAccipiter nisusButeo rufinusCircus aeruginosusCircus cyaneusCiconia ciconiaPelecanus onocrotalus

Migrating woodland speciesFicedula albicollisMerops apiasterLanuis collurioCaprimulgus europaeus

11.1.4 Wintering Birds

Table 11.1.8 Wintering Birds (Figure 11.1.3)

Latin Name English Name VP1 VP2 VP3

Accipiter nisus Sparrowhawk x x

Aegithalos caudatus Long-tailed tit X

Alauda arvensis x

Anas clypeata x

Anas platyrhynchos x

Anser albifrons White-fronted goose x X x

Ardea cinarea x

Branta ruficollis Red-breasted goose x

Bucephala clangula Goldeneye x

Buteo buteo Buzzard x X x

Carduelis spinus Siskin x

Carduelis cannabina Linnet x

Carduelis carduelis Goldfinch X x

Carduelis chloris Greenfinch x x x

Certhia sp. x

Cygnus olor x x

Circus aeruginosus Western wetland harrier x

Circus cyaneus Hen harrier x

Coccothraustes coccothraustes Hawfinch X x

Columba oenas Stock dove x

Columba palumbus Wood pigeon X x

Continued…




Corvus corax Raven x x

Corvus corone Carrion crow X

Cyanistes caeruleus Blue tit x X

Cygnus cygnus Whooper swan x

Dendrocopos medius Middle spotted woodpecker X

Dendrocopos major Great spotted woodpecker X

Dendrocopos minor Lesser spotted woodpecker X

Dryocopus martius Black woodpecker X

Emberiza cirlus x

Erithacus rubecula Robin X x

Fringilla coelebs Chaffinch x X x

Fulica atra Coot x

Galerida cristata x

Galinulla chloropus x x

Garrulus glandarius Jay x x

Larus cachinnans Caspian gull x

Larus michahellis Yellow-legged gull X

Larus ridibundus x

Melanitta nigra Common scoter x

Mergus albellus Smew x

Mergus serrator Red-breasted merganser x

Parus major Great tit x X x

Parus palustris Marsh tit x

Continued…



Parus caeruleus x x

Passer montanus Tree sparrow x

Phalacrocorax carbo Cormorant X

Pica pica Magpie x

Picus viridis Green woodpecker X x

Podiceps cristatus Great crested grebe x

Podiceps grisegena x

Podiceps nigricollis Black-necked grebe X

Regulus regulus Goldcrest x

Scolopax rusticola Woodcock x

Sitta europaea Nuthatch x

Sometaria mollissima Common scoter x

Sturnus vulgaris Starling x

Troglodytes troglodytes Wren x x

Turdus merula Blackbird X x

Turdus philomelos Song thrush X x

Turdus pilaris Fieldfare x

Turdus viscivorus Mistle thrush x

Total number of species recorded

52 28 24 19

Complete.


Rakitnika

Kantara



Vent Stack

VP1

VP2

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WINTERING BIRDS




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46369082

0 500 1,000 1,500m Figure 11.1.3

Survey pointBulgarian Sector of SouthStream Offshore Pipeline





VP1Anser albifrons,Branta ruficollis,Bucephala clangula,Buteo buteo, Carduelis spinus, Carduelis chloris,Circus aeruginosus, Circus cyaneus, Corvus corax,Corvus corone, Cyanistes caeruleus, Cygnus cygnus,Emberiza sp, Fringilla coelebs, Fulica atra,Larus cachinnans, Larus michahellis, Melanitta nigra,Mergus albellus, Mergus serrator,Parus major,Parus palustris, Phalacrocorax carbo,Podiceps cristatus, Podiceps nigricollis,Regulus regulus,Sometaria mollissima, Troglodytes troglodytes.VP2Turdus viscivorus, Aegithalos caudatus, Anser albifrons, Buteo buteo, Carduelis carduelis,Certhia sp. Coccothraustes coccothraustes, Columba oenas,Columba palumbus, Corvus corax, Cyanistes caeruleus,Dendrocopos medius, Dendrocopos major,Dendrocopos minor, Dryocopus martius,Erithacus rubecula, Fringilla coelebs, Garrulus glandarius, Parus major,Passer montanus, Picus viridis, Turdus merula,Turdus philomelos,Accipiter nisus.VP3Accipiter nisus, Anser albifrons, Buteo buteo,Carduelis cannabina, Carduelis carduelis,Carduelis chloris, Coccothraustes coccothraustes,Columba palumbus, Erithacus rubecula,Fringilla coelebs, Garrulus glandarius, Parus major,Pica pica,Scolopax rusticola, Sitta europaea,Sturnus vulgaris, Turdus merula,Turdus philomelos,Turdus pilaris.

11.1.5 Bats

11.1.5.1 Method

Data was gathered on the current bat assemblage through a combination of habitat assessment and activity surveys; each technique is described in detail below.

General Methods

Surveys were undertaken in June and August 2012 to provide adequate coverage of the European bat maternity and migration seasons (Ref. 11.1.1).

Each survey team included highly experienced and qualified bat ecologists, who were skilled in undertaking activity surveys and in the use of remote detection equipment.

The survey methodology was designed to provide adequate coverage of two proposed pipeline routes and four potential receiving station locations.

11.1.5.2 Habitat Survey and Assessment

At the time of writing, the exact route of the pipeline was unknown; as such, all habitats within 100 m of either of the proposed pipeline routes along with habitat within or adjacent to the four potential receiving stations were assessed as to their suitability for supporting bats. Specifically, a search was undertaken for high quality bat habitat that enabled important ecological functions such as roosting, foraging, commuting, mate-swarming and migrating.

11.1.5.3 Bat Roosts

Galata AGI

The only buildings present within 100 m of the proposed development were located at the recently constructed Galata Gas Above Ground Installation (AGI). Each building within the pumping station was assessed for bat roost potential by identifying features that could be used by bats such as access points and roosting locations. Evidence of the usage of buildings by bats such as droppings and staining of brickwork at roost entrance/ exit points (from oils in the animal’s fur) was also recorded where identified.

No interior inspections of the loft spaces of the buildings were undertaken and the bat roost potential survey was limited to and external visual inspection of each building.

A combined dusk emergence and dawn re-entry survey was undertaken on the buildings within the existing Galata AGI on 30th and 31st August 2012. Four surveyors, each carrying handheld bat detection equipment (Duet and Edirol), were strategically positioned around the buildings (but outside of the security fence) to observe potential bat access points during key periods. These potential access points were identified during the prior bat roost potential assessment survey.



The dusk emergence survey began 15 minutes prior to sunset and lasted for approximately one hour. The dawn re-entry survey began approximately one hour prior to sunrise and terminated at sunrise. Data were downloaded and analysed using Pettersson BatSound software.

11.1.5.4 Trees

Trees situated on or within 100 m of the proposed pipeline routes and receiving stations were assessed for their potential to support roosting bats. The tree assessment sought to identify the presence of features that could support roosts, such as cracks, crevices, woodpecker holes, rot holes and deep fissures. Each feature was assessed as to its accessibility (including flight lines and clutter), the protection it afforded occupants and an estimation of anthropogenic disturbance levels. Typically, only trees that are sufficiently large in size contain suitable features and, although this is influenced by the species of trees, they typically measure greater than 50 cm DBH (Diameter at Breast Height i.e. diameter at 1.5 m in height).

Based on the number and location of these features, trees were assigned categories as follows:

• Confirmed roost;

• High potential: numerous roosting locations and access points, well connected to suitable habitat and largely free from anthropogenic disturbance;

• Moderate potential: roosting locations and access points present, well connected to suitable habitat, subject to moderate levels of anthropogenic disturbance;

• Low potential; limited opportunities for roosting and access and subject to relatively high levels of disturbance; and

• Negligible potential.

Trees assessed as having low, moderate or high potential or a confirmed roost were recorded and mapped using a GPS device.

11.1.5.5 Bat Activity

Walked Transects

Two transect routes were identified through aerial photography and current development plans. The transect routes largely followed existing tracks and access roads, but were also designed to cover as much of the two proposed pipeline routes as possible (VLF-A and VLF-B; Figure 4). Bats typically navigate along linear features, such as woodland edges and rides, so it is unlikely that bats were missed where the transect routes deviated slightly from the pipeline route (which occasionally crossed dense woodland). The transects were as follows (see Figure 4):

• VLF-A Transect – commenced at the Galata AGI and followed the route of the existing Galata pipeline, terminating at the beach in the east; and

• VLF-B Transect – commenced adjacent to the Liman wetlands, crossing woodland using the existing vehicular access track, a meadow and an area of scrub before meeting the transmission lines that ran southwards towards the Galata pipeline.


A team of surveyors walked each transect recording and mapping bats as and when encountered. To aid detection, each team was equipped with a handheld bat detector (BatBox Duet) coupled with a MP3/WAV recording device (Edirol). Bat calls were recorded, downloaded and analysed using Pettersson BatSound software (Version 4), which ascribed a higher degree of confidence in species-level identification.

Where bats were encountered, their species, location and current activity were recorded on pro-forma survey forms. Bat activity was defined using the following categories:

• Commuting: a single pass on the detector;

• Foraging: several passes and/or a feeding buzz; and

• Social Behaviour: social calls and/or chasing behaviour recorded.

Each activity survey comprised two components, an evening and a dawn transect. Evening transects began at sunset and lasted between 1.5 and two hours. Dawn transects typically began 1.5 hours prior to and was terminated at sunrise. All surveys were undertaken under appropriate environmental conditions (refer to Table 2), which included no rain, little to no wind and greater than 10°C air temperature at dusk.

In addition to the above, a dusk and dawn activity transect was undertaken following the emergence survey undertaken at the Galata AGI. The abridged activity transect included the vineyard and woodland located immediately to the north and west of the Galata AGI (see Figure 11.1.4) and is referred to in this report as the Northern Transect.

Static Detector Survey

Four Song Meter 2 (SM2) remote bat detectors were deployed for four consecutive nights in mid-August and again in late-August 2012. The SM2s are automatically triggered by bat (echolocation) calls and, because they are able to remain in situ for prolonged periods of time, they are useful for compiling species lists. The SM2s can also be used to indicate relative activity levels for specific points within the Site.

The SM2 detectors were placed at four locations within areas of suitable bat foraging/ commuting habitat during the first survey period in August. During the second survey period, the SM2 detectors were placed at the sites of two potential receiving stations and two sites within suitable foraging/ commuting habitat (see Table 11.1.9 below). The locations of the static detector surveys are shown on Figure 11.1.4.


Rakitnika


territory of the Republic of BulgariaVent Stack

09866-27.31

10645-27.3109866-13.17

10645-13.17

10501-13.17

10501 - 27.31

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EWC/10655-13.17

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BATS




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46369082

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DetectorRecords from transects

Barbastella barbastellusEptesicus serotinusMyotis sp.Nyctalus noctulaPipistrellus nathusiiPipistrellus pipistrellusPipistrellus pygmaeusPleucotus auritus


Proposed offshore pipelinesProposed microtunnels/HDDholesProposed landfall sectionpipelinesLandfall facilitiesRight-of-WayTemporary construction sitesTemporary construction sitefor permanent access roadto be constructed by SSTTBVMicrotunnel entry pointMicrotunnel exit pointPermanent access road tobe constructed by SSTTBV




Table 11.1.9 Bat Detector Locations

Dates Detector ID

10501 10645 09866 EWC/10655

13-17th August 2012 N43 06 47.4

E27 54 21.3

N43 07 22.1

E27 53 57.5

N43 07 05.7

E27 53 67.3

N43 06 33.3

E27 54 12.1

27-31st August 2012 N43 07 20.4, E27 53 59.6

N43 07 01.7,

E27 53 40.5

N43 06 45.5, E27 53 38.3

N43 06 19.2, E27 55 22.2

Data from the SM2s were downloaded and analysed using Pettersson BatSound software. A bespoke scale of activity was devised for the project based on the relative abundance and diversity of bat species to assist with the analysis of data. The scale was based on number of passes per species per hour. The following scale is used in the evaluation:

• Low activity: less than five passes per species per hour;

• moderate activity: between five and ten passes per species per hour; and

• high activity; greater than ten passes per species per hour.

On one occasion (27-31. August.2012) an SM2 was placed adjacent to a potential roosting location (N43 06 45.5, E27 53 38.3). Although the detectors cannot distinguish between commuting and emerging bats, calls recorded early in the evening and late in the morning are indicative of a roost in the local area.

11.1.5.6 Limitations

Although every effort was made to identify trees suitable for supporting roosting bats, a small number may have been missed. However, the low numbers of bats recorded throughout the Site, through both static and transect surveys, indicate that there is unlikely to be a significant roosts present in the local area and this is not considered to represent a constraint to the assessment

It is important to recognise the limitations of remote detectors, which include the risk that whispering bats (such as those belonging to Plecotus spp.) could be missed (this is equally applicable to transect surveys). In addition, the data collected do not allow distinction between a large number of single passes by multiple bats or repeated passes by a single bat.

The combined dusk emergence and dawn re-entry survey was undertaken from locations outside the perimeter security fence and as such, not all of the buildings within the Galata AGI could be observed. It is possible that a small number of emerging bats were missed.

The dusk emergence survey was terminated after one hour in favour of undertaking an activity transect. By shortening emergence surveys, there is a risk that species of bats known to emerge later in the evening (which are typically photophobic, such as Plecotus sp.) could be



missed. However, the buildings within the Galata AGI were highly illuminated by security reducing the likelihood that the buildings would be used by photophobic bats.

11.1.5.7 Results

Bat Roosts

Galata AGI

The Galata AGI included four recently constructed single-storey brick-built buildings, which all had pitched roofs clad in clay tiles. Gaps were present throughout the roof in the form of slipped and raised tiles, which allowed access to small numbers for bats. The walls were in good condition and unlikely to contain roosting features. The AGI was surrounded by high quality bat foraging habitat which included both woodland and scrub. However, the pumping station was brightly lit throughout the night by high-power security lighting, which is likely to reduce the suitability of the buildings for bats, particularly photophobic species.

A summary of the weather conditions during the dusk emergence and dawn re-entry survey of the buildings at the Galata AGI undertaken on 30th and 31st August 2012 is provided in Table 11.1.10 and 11.1.11.

A single Pipistrellus pipistrellus was observed emerging from beneath a tile on the southern aspect of the roof of the office block at 20:09 approximately 25 minutes after sunset. No other emergence of bats was recorded during the dusk emergence survey.

No bats were recorded returning to the building during the dawn re-entry survey, and it is concluded that the roost identified during the dusk emergence survey is a transient roost used on an occasional basis only by individual or small numbers of Pipistrellus pipistrellus.

Table 11.1.10 Weather Conditions (dusk emergence survey)

Survey Times Air Temperature (°C) Wind (Beaufort) Cloud (%)

Start 19:40 19.8 1 5

End 21:42 16.8 1 0

Table 11.1.11 Weather Conditions (dawn re-entry survey)

Survey Times Air Temperature (°C) Wind (Beaufort) Cloud (%)

Start 04:05 15.0 1 0

End 06:30 15.1 1 0


Trees

A large proportion of woodland, within 100 m of the proposed development, comprised semi-mature Robinia pseudoacacia (~40 ha) and Quercus rubra (~30 ha) plantations, which were of similar age and size and lacking in heterogeneous structure. The majority of the trees measured approximately 30 cm DBH, and were assessed to be insufficiently mature to support features that could be used by bats.

A single mature tree (Quercus rubra), located at N43 06 45.5 E27 53 38.3, was assessed as having moderate bat roost potential. A woodpecker hole with possible staining around the entrance was identified on the southern aspect of the main stem at c. 4 m in height. The entrance to the hole was partly obscured by foliage, limiting the flight access for larger species of bat such as Nyctalus noctula.

An SM2 (09866) detector was subsequently deployed at a location adjacent to the identified tree for a period of four nights. Four Pipistrellus pipistrellus calls were recorded within 10 minutes of sunrise on 30th August 2012. As no bat calls were recorded early in the evening of 29th August or early in the evening of the 30th August, these bat calls are likely to represent either a single foraging bat or a small number of commuting bats rather than a roost within the tree. However, the calls are considered likely to indicate the presence of a bat roost in the immediate vicinity given the proximity of the records to sunrise.

Two trees with low bat roost potential were identified at N43 06.195 E027 55.297 and N43 06.241 E 027 55.270 respectively. However, as both of these trees were situated over 100 m from either of the proposed pipeline routes, they are assessed to be outside the zone of influence and are not considered further in this assessment.

Bat Activity

Walked Transects

A summary of the weather conditions during each transect survey is summarised in Table 11.1.12. The raw data collected during the walked transects are presented in Appendix A.

Table 11.1.12 Weather Conditions during Walked Transects

Date Air Temperature (°C) Cloud Cover (%) Wind Speed (Beaufort)

Start End Start End Start End

28.06.2012 (dusk) 21.1 16.8 95 95 1 2

29.06.2012 (dawn) 15.6 16.1 0 0 2 1

29.06.2012 (dusk) 21.2 18.7 0 0 1 2

Continued…



Date Air Temperature (°C) Cloud Cover (%) Wind Speed (Beaufort)

Start End Start End Start End

30.06.2012 (dawn) 16.1 19.3 80 0 2 1

28.08.2012 (dusk) 22.4 17.0 0 0 1 2

29.08.2012 (dawn) 11.6 11.1 0 0 1 1

29.08.2012 (dusk) 21.9 14.1 0 0 2 1

30.08.2012 (dawn) 15.9 11.2 0 0 2 1

30.08.2012 (dusk) 19.8 16.8 5 0 1 1

31.08.2012 (dawn) 15.0 15.1 0 0 1 1

Complete.

28 – 30 June 2012

VLF-A Transect

Relatively high levels of bat activity were recorded along the VLF-A transect during the surveys, which were dominated by Pipistrellus pipistrellus and P. nathusii. Both species were frequently recorded commuting and/or foraging along the open ‘ride’ along the existing Galata pipeline route, or the woodland edges present at either side. Less commonly encountered species included Barbastella barbastellus (two passes on a single evening), P. pygmaeus (a single pass), Plecotus auritus (a single pass) and an unidentified Myotis species (two passes on a single evening).

In addition, foraging P. pipistrellus and P. nathusii were frequently recorded foraging within the grounds of the Galata AGI, presumably attracted by the abundance of invertebrates swarming around the security lights. Pipistrellus as a group are not considered to be sensitive to bright lights.

VLF-B Transect

Significantly lower levels of bat activity were recorded along the VLF-B transect, with the exception of the wetland area situated within Liman. Four species of bat were recorded foraging within and adjacent to the wetland including P. auritus, P. pipistrellus, P. nathusii and P. pygmaeus. Low levels of bat activity were recorded along the remainder of the VLF-B transect route, comprising single passes of Barbastella barbastellus and Nyctalus noctula and a small number of passes of P. pygmaeus.


28 – 30 August 2012

VLF-A Transect

Survey results from the August transects were found to be broadly concurrent with those of the June transects, with bat activity dominated by P. pipistrellus and P. nathusii. Both species were recorded, albeit less frequently the previous transects, foraging and commuting along the existing Galata pipeline. A single pass by Nyctalus leisleri was recorded from the confluence of the transmission lines and Galata pipeline.

Pipistrellus nathusii was recorded foraging within and adjacent to the Galata AGI.

VLF-B Transect

An increase bat activity was recorded from the VLF-B transect when compared to that recorded during the June transects, although the species assemblages were largely concurrent with records dominated by P. pipistrellus and P. nathusii. Small numbers of P. pipistrellus and P. nathusii were recorded commuting and/or foraging throughout the transmission lines, scrub edge, woodland rides and meadow area. A single pass of Eptesicus serotinus and P. pygmaeus were recorded along the transmission lines and woodland edge respectively.

The VLF-B transect appears to support a lower density of bats but a higher diversity of species; there is a clear shift to being dominated by just two species in August. This shift in diversity is likely to be influenced by the onset of bat migration with the other species recorded in June (B. barbastellus, N.noctula and P.auritus) having already departed for their autumn swarming/ mating sites outside the surveyed area.

31 August 2012

Northern Transect

Small numbers of P. pipistrellus and P. nathusii were recorded during the northern transect, principally foraging along boundary hedgerows. No bats were observed foraging directly over the vineyards.

Static Detector Surveys

The SM2 detectors were attached to trees adjacent to existing access tracks, see Figure 4. Raw data collected during the static detector surveys is presented in Appendix B.

13-17 August 2012; Sunrise 05:15, Sunset 19:55

The static detectors recorded four species of bat in total, although the registrations were dominated by P. pipistrellus. Sixty-two passes of P. pygmaeus were recorded between 05:00 and 06:00 on 16th August 2012. As the calls were spaced out over an hour and only ever contained a single call, it is likely that this high level of activity was the result of a single bat foraging in close proximity to the detector. Moderate levels of P. nathusii and Plecotus auritus activity were recorded along with constant but low levels of P. pipistrellus throughout.



SM2 ‘EWC’ did not detect any bat activity during this survey period; there is no indication of mechanical fault.

The SM2’s indicate that the Site is used by low numbers of relatively widespread bats.

27th – 31 August 2012; Sunrise 05:10, Sunset 19:50

Moderate levels of Pipistrellus nathusii and Nyctalus leisleri activity were recorded at the northern-most of the proposed receiving station (N43 07 20.4, E27 53 59.6). In addition, low levels of activity were also recorded from P. pipistrellus, P. pygmaeus and Nyctalus noctula. The remaining SM2’s recorded low to moderate levels of P. pipistrellus activity along with very infrequent records of Plecotus auritus and Pipistrellus pygmaeus.

The SM2’s indicate that the Site is used by low numbers of relatively widespread bats. However, fewer bats than the previous static survey were recorded, despite an increase in species diversity.

11.1.5.8 Evaluation

No confirmed tree roosts were identified within the survey area (development area plus a 100 m buffer). The average age and hence size of trees within the surrounding plantations was considered to be too small and immature to contain features potentially suitable for roosting bats; moreover, the trees are considered unlikely to develop suitable features within the next ten years.

A single P. pipistrellus was observed emerging from beneath a roof tile of a building located within the Galata AGI. As a confirmed bat roost, the building is afforded protection under the Council Directive 92/43/EEC on the Conservation of Natural Habitats and of Wild Fauna and Flora (the Habitats Directive). However, as the identified roost contained small numbers (i.e. a non-breeding roost) of a relatively common species, the roost is considered to be of local value only. Moreover, the high-power security lighting present around the buildings is likely to deter photophobic species of bat from using the site. The Pipistrellus group are not thought to be particularly sensitive to lighting and were recorded actively foraging around the security lights on numerous occasions.

No other confirmed bat roosts were recorded.

In total, eight species of bat were identified, namely: Pipistrellus pipistrellus, P. pygmaeus, P. nathusii, Barbastella barbastellus, Nyctalus noctula, Nyctalus leisleri, Eptesicus serotinus, Plecotus auritus and an unidentified Myotis. Despite the relatively high diversity, recorded activity was dominated by P. pipistrellus and P. pygmaeus. Habitats along the VLF-A transect was found to support higher numbers of individuals of fewer species than those along the VLF-B transect. In contrast, habitats along the VLF-B transect typically supported a greater diversity but comprised lower numbers of bats. This is with the exception of the Liman wetlands, which appeared to be an important area for foraging bats due to the abundance of invertebrate prey.


The proposed pipeline routes fall within two Natura 2000 sites, namely Galata and Liman. The following bat species are known to occur within the Galata Site and are listed as Annex II species under the Habitats Directive:

• Barbastella barbastellus;

• Miniopterus schreibersi;

• Myotis bechsteini;

• Myotis blythii;

• Myotis capaccinii;

• Myotis emarginatus;

• Myotis myotis;

• Rhinolophus blasii;

• Rhinolophus euryale;

• Rhinolophus ferrumequinum;

• Rhinolophus hipposideros; and

• Rhinolophus mehelyi.

Of these species, the combined surveys detected very infrequent records of B. barbastellus, limited to two foraging records along the VLF-A transect and a single commuting record on the VLF-B transect. This species is known to exhibit a strong selectional preference towards tree roosts and the paucity of suitable trees is likely to preclude the species from roosting on or near to the site. Given the long distances this species is known to travel, a roost may be present in the wider landscape with small numbers of foraging individuals venturing on to the study site from known populations in the adjacent Galata and Liman protected sites.

In addition, there was a single record of an unidentified Myotis on the VLF-A transect, which may have been one of the three identified Myotis species present within the Galata and Liman protected sites. The development was not considered to be suitable for bats of the Rhinolophidae (horseshoe) family as it lacked roosting locations for what is principally a cave and building dwelling group. It is possible that Rhinolophid bats are present in the wider landscape; however, none were detected in the current suite of surveys.

Overall, fewer than expected bat species and numbers were recorded within the study area. Although the reasons for this depressed activity are unclear, the current levels of anthropogenic disturbance coupled with a paucity of roosting locations are likely to represent a constraint on both diversity and abundance levels.



11.1.6 Invertebrates (Insects)

Table 11.1.13 Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey Results 2012

Species May June July August Conservation Significance (if any)

IUCN RDL EU Status National Status

ODONATA

Lestidae

Lestes barbarus +

Lestes parvidens + + RLDB (VU)

Coenagrionidae

Ischnura elegans +

Coenagrion puella +

Coenagrion ornatum + HD (2), ERLD (NT), CORINE

BDA (2)

Aeshnidae

Aeshna affinis +

Anax parthenope + + RLDB (NT)

Libellulidae

Sympetrum sanguineum + +

Sympetrum fonscolombii + + +

Sympetrum meridionale +

ORTHOPTEROIDEA

Continued…




Dermaptera

Forficulidae

Forficula smyrnensis +

Dictyoptera

Mantidae

Mantis religiosa + + CORINE

Blattellidae

Ectobius vittiventris + +

Ectobius erythronotus + + + +

Orthoptera

Phaneropteridae

Tylopsis lilifolia +

Isophya longicaudata Larvae EBE

Tettigoniidae

Tettigonia viridissima Larvae

Decticus verrucivorus +

Vichetia oblongicollis + BE

Pholidoptera griseoaptera

+

Pachytrachis gracilis +

Gryllidae

Continued…





Pteronemobius heydenii larvae

Oecanthus pellucens +

Tetrigidae

Tetrix sp. (nymphs) larva

Acrididae

Odontopodisma decipiens

+

Calliptamus barbarus + +

Acrida ungarica

Locusta migratoria +

Oedipoda caerulescens + +

Aiolopus strepens + +

Omocestus rufipes +

Chorthippus loratus +

COLEOPTERA

Carabidae

Cicindela campestris +

Calosoma sycophanta + CORINE

Carabus montivagus +

Carabus convexus +

Carabus granulatus +

Notiophilus rufipes +

Continued…




Brachinus explodens +

Brachinus crepitans +

Bembidion lampros +

Polyderis cardioderus +

Chlaenius spoliatus +

Chlaenius vestitus +

Trechus quadristriatus +

Harpalus rufipes +

Licinus cassideus +

Abax carinatus +

Poecilus cupreus +

Stenolophus teutonus +

Pterostichus cursor +

Pterostichus melas +

Pterostichus niger +

Pterostichus anthracinus +

Oxypselaphus obscurus +

Calathus fuscipes +

Laemostenus cimmerius +

Laemostenus punctatus +

Leiodidae

Colenis immunda +

Continued…





Meloidae

Mylabris olivieri +

Tenebrionidae

Enoplopus dentipes +

Scaphidema metallicum +

Melolonthidae

Rhizotrogus aestivus +

Dynastidae

Oryctes nasicornis +

Cetoniidae

Cetonia aurata + + +

Protaetia aeruginosa +

Lucanidae

Dorcus parallelipipedus +

Lucanus cervus + + + HD (2), BeC (3), ERLSB (NT)

BDA (2, 3)

Cerambycidae

Aegosoma scabricorne +

Prionus coriarius +

Anoplodera sexguttata +

Leptura quadrifasciata +

Continued…




Pachytodes cerambyciformis

+

Pachytodes erraticus +

Paracorymbia fulva +

Rutpela maculata +

Stenurella bifasciata +

Stenurella melanura +

Stenurella nigra +

Stictoleptura cordigera +

Dinoptera collaris +

Rhagium sycophanta +

Phymatodes testaceus +

Pyrrhidium sanguineum +

Cerambyx cerdo + VU HD (2, 4), BeC (2), CORINE, ERLSB (NT)

BDA (2, 3)

Cerambyx scopolii +

Chlorophorus figuratus +

Clytus rhamni +

Plagionotus arcuatus +

Plagionotus detritus +

Morimus asper funereus + VU HD (2), CORINE

BDA (2)

Continued…





Saperda populnea +

Tetrops praeustus +

LEPIDOPTERA

Zygaenidae

Zygaena carniolica +

Cossidae

Phragmataecia castaneae

+

Tortricidae

Tortrix viridana +

Lasiocampidae

Eriogaster lanestris Larvae

Sphingidae

Deilephila elpenor +

Hesperiidae

Erynnis tages + +

Thymelicus lineola +

Thymelicus sylvestris +

Hesperia comma +

Ochlodes sylvanus + +

Papilionidae

Iphiclides podalirius + + +

Continued…




Pieridae

Pieris brassicae + +

Pieris rapae + + +

Pieris napi +

Antocharis cardamines +

Leptidea sinapis + + +

Lycaenidae

Satyrium ilicis +

Lycaena phlaeas +

Lycaena dispar + LR/NT HD (2, 4), BeC (2), CORINE

BDA (2, 3), PBA

Lycaena tityrus + + +

Celastrina argiolus + +

Plebeius argus +

Plebeius argyrognomon + + + + RDBEB (LR/NT)

Aricia agestis +

Cyaniris semiargus + + +

Polyommatus thersites +

Polyommatus daphnis +

Polyommatus icarus + + +

Nymphalidae

Continued…





Vanessa atalanta +

Polygonia c-album +

Argynnis paphia + + + +

Argynnis adippe +

Issoria lathonia +

Brenthis hecate + CORINE PBA

Brenthis daphne + + +

Boloria dia + +

Melitaea cinxia +

Melitaea phoebe + +

Melitaea didyma + + +

Melitaea athalia +

Melanargia galathea +

Minois dryas + +

Brintesia circe + + +

Maniola jurtina + + +

Pyronia tithonus + +

Coenonympha pamphilus

+ + + +

Coenonympha arcania +

Pararge aegeria +

Lasiommata megera + +

Continued…




Geometridae +

Selenia lunularia +

Hypomecis roboraria +

Rhodostrophia discopunctata

+

Rhodostrophia vibicaria +

Scopula tessellaria +

Idaea degeneraria +

Aplocera plagiata +

Chlorissa cloraria +

Comibaena bajularia +

Perconia strigillaria +

Peribatodes rhomboidaria

+

Synopsia sociaria +

Tymandra comae +

Noctuidae

Zanclognatha lunalis +

Acontia trabealis + + +

Mythimna vitellina +

Caradrina morpheus +

Charanyca trigrammica +

Elaphria venustula +

Continued…





Hecatera bicolorata +

Meganephria bimaculosa

Larva

Omphalophana antirhinii +

Lymantriidae

Lymantria dispar +

Syntomidae

Amata phegea +

Dysauxes famula +

Arctiidae

Euplagia quadripunctaria

+ HD (2) BDA (2)

Diacrisia sannio +

Arctia villica +

HYMENOPTERA

Formicidae

Dolichoderus quadripunctatus

+

Camponotus vagus +

Camponotus truncatus +

Lasius niger +

Lasius alienus +

Crematogaster schmidti +

Continued…




Tetramorium caespitum +

Messor structor +

Aphaenogaster gibbosa +

Liometopum microcephalum

+

Pheidole pallidula +

Complete

11.1.7 Invertebrates (Molluscs)

Table 11.1.14 Mollusc Survey Results

Species Number of samples in which the species was identified

Acanthinula aculeata 6

Acroloxus lacustris 2

Aegopinella pura 1

Bradybaena fruticum 1

Bulgarica bulgarensis 1

Bulgarica varnensis varnensis 1

Bulgarica vetusta 1

Carychium tridentatum 9

Cochlodina laminata 1

Daudebardia rufa 6

Laciniaria plicata 1

Lindholmiola corcyrensis 1

Continued…



Species Number of samples in which the species was identified

Oxychilus deilus rumelicus 1

Oxychilus draparnaudi 11

Oxychilus translucidus 7

Oxyloma sarsii 2

Physella acuta 21

Pisidium casertanum 13

Planorbis planorbis 5

Pomatias elegans 2

Sphyradium doliolum 2

Vertigo angustior 2

Vertigo antivertigo 3

Vitrea sp. 2

Complete.


168

169170171

172173

174

175 176177

178179

180

182183184

185186

187

188189

201202

205

206

12

45 67

89

1011

1213

1415 16 17

1819

20

2122

232425

2627

28

29

3031

32

3334

35

36

37

3839 40

41

42

43

44

4546

47

48

49

50

51

52

53

54 55

5657

58

59

60

61

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SCHEMATIC MAP OF FACTUALMATERIAL IN THE STUDY AREA




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Geobotanical studiesPlots of vegetationdescriptions

Herpetological researchRoutes of amphibians andreptilians studies

Ornithological researchRoutes of birds watching

Theriological researchTerrestrial mammals studies

Location of camera trapsRoutes of terrestrialmammals studiesLocation of live traps

Chiropteran researchLocation of bats studies byultrasound detectorInvestigated hollows in trees,suitable for bats shelterLocation of ornithological nets

Marine mammals and birdsobservation

Location of marine and birdsobservationStudy Area

Rakitnika

Kantara



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MAP OF RECORDED REPTILES,INVERTEBRATES, AMPHIBIANSAND MAMMALS (EXCEPT BATS)




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AmphibiansRana dalmatinaRana ridibunda

ReptilesDolichophis caspiusVipera ammodytesAblepharus kitaibeliiDarevskia praticolaLacerta viridisPodarcis tauricaEmys orbicularisTestudo graecaTestudo hermanniTriturus kareliniiSpermphilus citellus

Mammals (except Bats)Abandoned colony ofCitellus citellusAbandoned dwelling ofMeles melesFootprint of Felis silvestrisLutra lutra

InvertebratesVertigo angustior

Rakitnika



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BirdsBucephala clangulaGavia arcticaLarus cachinnansLarus michahellisLarus ridibundusMelanitta nigraMergus albellusMergus serratorPhalacrocorax carboPodiceps cristatusPodiceps grisegenaPodiceps nigricollisSomateria mollissimaSterna sandvicensisTadorna tadornaNatura2000 area designatedfor birds






Rakitnika



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Natura2000 area designatedfor birds






BirdsAlauda arvensisApus apusAthene noctuaCecropis dauricaCircus cianeusCircus sp.Columba palumbusCorvus coraxCorvus cornixCorvus coroneCorvus frugilegusCuculus canorusDelichon urbicumEmberiza cirlusEmberiza citrinellaEmberiza schoeniclusEmberiza sp.Falco peregrinusFalco tinnunculusFicedula albicollisGalerida cristata

Hippolais pallidaHirundo rusticaLanius collurioLanius minorMerops apiasterMiliaria calandraMotacilla albaOenanthe isabellinaPasser domesticusPasser montanusPasseriformes spPica picaStreptopelia decaoctoStreptopelia turturSturnus vulgarisSylvia communisSylvia nisoriaTurdus merulaTurdus pilarisTurdus viscivorusUpupa epops

Rakitnika



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BirdsAcrocephalus arundinaceusActitis hypoleucosAlcedo atthisAnas clypeataAnas plathyrinchosAnas sp.Anser albifronsArdea cinareaArdea purpureaBranta ruficollisCharadrius dubiusCharadrius hiaticulaCiconia ciconiaCircus aeroginosusCygnus cygnusCygnus olorFulica atraGalinulla chloropusIxobrychus minutusLymnocryptes minimaMotacilla flavaNycticorax nycticoraxPelecanus onocrotalusPluvialis apricariaRallus aquaticusRiparia riparia

Rakitnika

Kantara



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BirdsAccipiter gentilisAccipiter nisusAegithalos caudatusAquila pennataAquilla pomarinaAsio otusBubo buboButeo buteoButeo lagopusButeo rufinusCaprimulgus europaeusCarduelis cannabinaCarduelis carduelisCarduelis chlorisCarduelis spinusCerthia sp.Coccothraustes coccothraustesColumba oenasCoracias garrulusDendrocopos majorDendrocopos mediusDendrocopos minorDendrocopos sp.Dendrocopos syriacusDendrocopus sp.

Dryocopus martiusEgretta garzettaErithacus rubeculaFalco subbuteoFringilla coelebsGarrulus glandariusLullula arboreaLuscinia megarhynchosOreolus oreolusOriolus oriolusParus caeruleusParus majorParus palustrisPernis apivorusPhiloscopus collibitaPhoenicurus phoenicurusPhylloscopus bonelliPhylloscopus sibilatrixPicus viridisRegulus regulusScolopax rusticolaSitta europaeaSylvia atricapillaTroglodytes troglodytesTurdus philomelos

References

Number Reference

Ref. 11.1.1 Dietz, C., von Helversen, O. & Nill, D. (2009) Handbook of the Bats of Europe and Northwest Africa. A & C Black Publishers, London


Annex 11.1.A – Walked Transect Survey Data


Table 11.1.A1 VLF-A Transect Survey Data (28-29.06.2012)

Time Species Activity Map Reference

21:29 Pipistrellus pipistrellus Commuting along VLF-A 1






22:04 Pipistrellus nathusii Commuting along VLF-A 6

22:25 Pipistrellus pipistrellus x2 Foraging around the lights at the pumping station

7

22:37 Pipistrellus pygmaeus Foraging along VLF-A 8

22:42 Pipistrellus pipistrellus Foraging along VLF-A 9

22:47 Barbastella barbastellus Foraging along VLF-A 10

22:50 Barbastella barbastellus Foraging along VLF-A 10



23:36 Pipistrellus pipistrellus Foraging near the beach parking area 13

03:07 Pipistrellus pygmaeus Foraging along VLF-A 14


03:44 Pipistrellus pipistrellus x2 Foraging along VLF-A 16

03:51 Pipistrellus nathusii Foraging along VLF-A 16



Continued…






Complete.



21:29 Pipistrellus pipistrellus Commuting along the VLF-A ride 1



21:41 Pipistrellus pipistrellus & P. nathusii

Commuting along the VLF-A ride 3

21:44 Pipistrellus nathusii Commuting along the VLF-A ride 3




22:10 Pipistrellus pipistrellus Foraging along the VLF-A ride 6


22:24 Pipistrellus nathusii Foraging at the pumping station 8



Foraging at the pumping station 8

22:31 Pipistrellus pipistrellus Foraging at the pumping station 9

22:34 Pipistrellus nathusii Foraging along the VLF-A ride 10

Continued…











03:26 Plecotus auritus Foraging along the VLF-A ride 15




03:53 Pipistrellus pipistrellus Foraging at the pumping station 19




Foraging along the VLF-A ride 20



04:16 Myotis sp. Foraging along the VLF-A ride 23

04:16 Myotis sp. Foraging along the VLF-A ride 23


Complete.



Table 11.1.A3 VLF-B Transect Survey Data (28-29.06.2012)


21:51 Pipistrellus nathusii Foraging along the woodland ride 1

22:22 Barbastella barbastellus Commuting along the woodland ride 2

22:33 Nyctalus noctula Commuting along the woodland ride 3

23:34 Pipistrellus pipistrellus Foraging at the car park 4



23:08 Pipistrellus pipistrellus Foraging near the Liman wetlands 1




04:16 Pipistrellus pipistrellus x4, Plecotus auritus, P. pygmaeus and P. nathusii

Foraging near the Liman wetlands 2










Continued…





21:26 Pipistrellus pipistrellus Foraging at the beach car park 6


21:36 Pipistrellus pipistrellus Foraging on the beach 7








05:47 Nyctalus leisleri Commuting along the transmission lines 8

Complete.









Continued…








04:21 Pipistrellus nathusii Foraging at the beach car park 8





05:26 Pipistrellus nathusii Foraging at the beach car park 8


Complete.



20:19 Pipistrellus nathusii Foraging along the transmission lines 1

20:30 Pipistrellus pipistrellus Foraging along the scrub 2

20:45 Pipistrellus nathusii Foraging along the woodland edge 3

20:54 Pipistrellus nathusii Foraging with the meadow area 4



21:31 Pipistrellus nathusii Foraging adjacent to the Liman wetland area

7

04:18 Pipistrellus pipistrellus Foraging along the beach 8

Continued…



04:23 Pipistrellus pipistrellus & P. pygmaeus

Foraging along the woodland edge 9

05:29 Eptesicus serotinus Foraging along the transmission lines 10

Complete.



20:19 Pipistrellus pipistrellus Foraging within the meadow 1


20:57 Pipistrellus pipistrellus Foraging along the transmission lines 3

21:06 Pipistrellus nathusii Foraging along the transmission lines 4



04:29 Pipistrellus nathusii Foraging adjacent to the swamp 6

04:32 Pipistrellus nathusii Foraging along the corner of the transmission lines

6

04:37 Pipistrellus pipistrellus Foraging along the scrub 7

04:39 Pipistrellus pipistrellus Foraging along the woodland edge 8

04:50 Pipistrellus pipistrellus Foraging along the meadow 9

04:55 Pipistrellus nathusii Foraging along a woodland track 10

05:24 Pipistrellus pipistrellus Foraging along the beach 11



Table 11.1.A9 Northern Vineyard and Woodland Transect Survey 30-31.08.2012)


20:46 Pipistrellus nathusii x2 Foraging along boundary hedgerows 1

20:51 Unidentified bat Foraging along boundary hedgerows 2

20:54 Pipistrellus pipistrellus Foraging along boundary hedgerows 3

21:04 Pipistrellus nathusii Foraging along boundary hedgerows 4

21:10 Pipistrellus nathusii Foraging along boundary hedgerows 5



04:53 Pipistrellus pipistrellus Commuting along boundary hedgerows 3


Annex 11.1.B: Static Detector Survey Raw Data


– Static Detector Sur vey Raw Data

Survey Period: 13 to 17 August 2012; Sunrise 05:15, Sunset 19:55

Table 11.1.B1 SM2: 10501; Location: N43 06 47.4 E27 54 21.3

Date: 15.08.2012

Time Pipistrellus nathusii

Pipistrellus pipistrellus

Pipistrellus pygmaeus

Nyctalus noctula

Plecotus auritus

Nyctalus leisleri

01:00 – 02:00 1

03:00 – 04:00 1 6

04:00 – 05:00 7

21:00 – 22:00 1

22:00 – 23:00 2

Date: 16.08.2012




Nyctalus noctula

Plecotus auritus

Nyctalus leisleri

00:00 – 01:00 2 1

02:00 – 03:00 1 1

04:00 – 05:00 1

20:00 – 21:00 1 1

23:00 – 00:00 1 1

Date: 17.08.2012




Nyctalus noctula

Plecotus auritus

Nyctalus leisleri

02:00 – 03:00 1

04:00 – 05:00 1




Date: 14.08.2012




Nyctalus noctula

Plecotus auritus

Nyctalus leisleri

21:00 – 22:00 1

23:00 – 00:00 1

Date: 15.08.2012




Nyctalus noctula

Plecotus auritus

Nyctalus leisleri

02:00 – 03:00 1 2

04:00 – 05:00 2

21:00 – 22:00 2

23:00 – 00:00 1

Date: 16.08.2012




Nyctalus noctula

Plecotus auritus

Nyctalus leisleri

01:00 – 02:00 1

03:00 – 04:00 1 1

04:00 - 05:00 1

21:00 – 22:00 1

Date: 17.08.2012




Nyctalus noctula

Plecotus auritus

Nyctalus leisleri

00:00 – 01:00 1 1

03:00 – 04:00 2

04:00 – 05:00 1


SM2: EWC; Location: N43 06 33.3 E27 54 12.1

No bats recorded


Date: 15.08.2012




Nyctalus noctula

Plecotus auritus

Nyctalus leisleri

04:00 - 05:00 3 1

Date: 16.08.2012




Nyctalus noctula

Plecotus auritus

Nyctalus leisleri

03:00 – 04:00 1 2

04:00 – 05:00 7 2 5

05:00 – 06:00 5 1 62 5

Date: 17.08.2012




Nyctalus noctula

Plecotus auritus

Nyctalus leisleri

04:00 – 05:00 1

05:00 – 06:00 1 3



27 to 31 August 2012; Sunrise 05:10, Sunset 19:50

Table 11.1.B4: SM2: 09866; Location: N43 06 45.5, E27 53 38.3

Date: 29.08.2012




Nyctalus noctula

Plecotus auritus

Nyctalus leisleri

01:00 – 02:00 1

Date: 30.08.2012




Nyctalus noctula

Plecotus auritus

Nyctalus leisleri

00:00 – 01:00 3

01:00 – 02:00 1

02:00 – 03:00 2

03:00 – 04:00 2

04:00 – 05:00 2

20:00 – 21:00 4

21:00 – 22:00 8

Date: 31.08.2012




Nyctalus noctula

Plecotus auritus

Nyctalus leisleri

00:00 – 01:00 1

Table 11.1.B5 SM2: 010645; Location: N43 07 01.7, E27 53 40.5

Date: 29.08.2012




Nyctalus noctula

Plecotus auritus

Nyctalus leisleri

01:00 – 02:00 1

Continued…


Date: 30.08.2012




Nyctalus noctula

Plecotus auritus

Nyctalus leisleri

22:00 – 23:00 1

Complete.

Table 11.1.B6 SM2: 010655; Location: N43 06 19.2, E27 55 22.2

Date: 30.08.2012




Nyctalus noctula

Plecotus auritus

Nyctalus leisleri

20:00 – 21:00 4

22:00 – 23:00 1


Date: 27.08.2012




Nyctalus noctula

Plecotus auritus

Nyctalus leisleri

20:00 – 21:00 1

22:00 – 23:00 1 6

Date: 28.08.2012




Nyctalus noctula

Plecotus auritus

Nyctalus leisleri

00:00 – 01:00 2

02:00 – 03:00 1 1

03:00 – 04:00 1 6

21:00 – 22:00 1

Continued…



Date: 29.08.2012




Nyctalus noctula

Plecotus auritus

Nyctalus leisleri

02:00 – 03:00 1

22:00 – 23:00 2

23:00 – 00:00 1

Date: 30.08.2012




Nyctalus noctula

Plecotus auritus

Nyctalus leisleri

01:00 – 02:00 2 1 1

03:00 – 04:00 1 1

04:00 – 05:00 1

20:00 – 21:00 5

21:00 – 22:00 1

22:00 – 23:00 1

Date: 31.08.2012




Nyctalus noctula

Plecotus auritus

Nyctalus leisleri

02:00 – 03:00 1

Complete.


appendix 11.1: ecology baseline survey data - south stream · rakitnika proposed connection with...

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