appendix c cultural tech report

September 9, 2015

PACIFICORP Lassen Substation Project

Cultural Resource Survey DRAFT REPORT

Siskiyou County, California

LEGAL DESCRIPTION: T40N, R4W, SECTIONS 9, 16, 17, AND 21

USGS QUADRANGLE: CITY OF MT. SHASTA, CA.

PROJECT NUMBER: 136412

PROJECT CONTACT: Michael Dice

EMAIL: [email protected]

PHONE: 714-507-2700

POWER ENGINEERS, INC. Lassen Substation Project – Cultural Resource Survey

Cultural Resource Survey DRAFT REPORT

PacifiCorp Lassen Substation Project

Siskiyou County, California

PREPARED FOR: PACIFICORP

PREPARED BY: MICHAEL DICE

714-507-2700

[email protected]


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CONFIDENTIAL

This report contains information on the nature and location of prehistoric and historic cultural resources. Under California Office of Historic Preservation guidelines as well as several laws and regulations, the locations of cultural resource sites are considered confidential and cannot be released to the public.


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TABLE OF CONTENTS

MANAGEMENT SUMMARY............................................................................................................ 1

1.0 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................... 1

2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ..................................................................................................... 1

2.1 LOCATION ............................................................................................................................... 5

3.0 REGULATORY FRAMEWORK ......................................................................................... 11

3.1 NATIONAL HISTORIC PRESERVATION ACT ........................................................................... 11

3.2 CALIFORNIA REGISTER OF HISTORICAL PLACES .................................................................. 12

3.3 CALIFORNIA PUBLIC UTILITY COMMISSION HISTORIC PRESERVATION REQUIREMENTS .... 12

3.4 IMPACTS TO NATIVE AMERICAN HUMAN REMAINS ............................................................. 13

4.0 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING ........................................................................................... 14

5.0 CULTURAL SETTING ......................................................................................................... 15

5.1 PREHISTORY ......................................................................................................................... 15

5.1.1 Early Horizon (9000 B.C. to 2000 B.C.) ...................................................................... 15

5.1.2 Middle Horizon (2000 B.C. to 800 A.D.) ..................................................................... 15

5.1.3 Late Horizon (1000 B.C. to A.D. 1000) ....................................................................... 16

5.2 ETHNOGRAPHY ..................................................................................................................... 17

5.2.1 Shastan .......................................................................................................................... 17

5.3 HISTORY ............................................................................................................................... 17

6.0 METHODOLOGY AND RESULTS .................................................................................... 20

6.1 NORTHEAST CALIFORNIA INFORMATION CENTER LITERATURE REVIEW ............................ 20

6.2 NATIVE AMERICAN CONSULTATION .................................................................................... 23

6.3 REVIEW OF HISTORICAL MAPS, PHOTOGRAPHS AND THE BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT GENERAL LAND OFFICE DATABASE ................................................................................................. 24

6.4 CULTURAL RESOURCES SURVEY AND RESULTS .................................................................. 25

6.4.1 Site #JM-H-1 ................................................................................................................ 25

6.4.2 JM-ISO ......................................................................................................................... 29

7.0 IMPACTS ASSESSMENT .................................................................................................... 31

8.0 SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS ....................................................................... 33

9.0 REFERENCES ....................................................................................................................... 34


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FIGURES

FIGURE 1 PROJECT VICINITY .............................................................................................................. 3

FIGURE 2 TOPOGRAPHIC MAP ............................................................................................................ 7

FIGURE 3 PROJECT AREA .................................................................................................................... 9

TABLES

TABLE 1 PREVIOUSLY IDENTIFIED CULTURAL RESOURCES LOCATED WITHIN ONE MILE OF THE PROJECT AREA .................................................................................................................. 20

TABLE 2 CULTURAL RESOURCE STUDIES WITHIN ONE MILE OF THE PROJECT AREA ................... 21

APPENDICES

APPENDIX A PHOTOGRAPHS TAKEN DURING THE SURVEY

APPENDIX B NATIVE AMERICAN CONSULTATION

APPENDIX C CONFIDENTIAL DPR523 FORM SETS

APPENDIX D RESUMES


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ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

ACSR aluminum conductor steel reinforced

BLM U.S. Bureau of Land Management

CCR California Code of Regulations

CEQA California Environmental Quality Act

CPUC California Public Utilities Commission

CRHR California Register of Historical Resources

ESA Endangered Species Act

GLO General Land Office

I-5 Interstate 5

kcmil thousand circular mil

kV kilovolt

MLD Most Likely Descendant

MVA megavolt ampere

NAHC Native American Heritage Commission

National Register National Register of Historic Places

NEIC the Northeast California Information Center

NHPA National Historic Preservation Act

NPS National Park Service

OHP Office of Historic Preservation

PEA Proponent’s Environmental Assessment

POWER POWER Engineers, Inc.

PRC Public Resources Code

Project Lassen Substation Project

ROW right-of-way

USACE U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

USGS U.S. Geological Survey


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MANAGEMENT SUMMARY At the request of PacifiCorp, POWER Engineers, Inc. (POWER) has conducted a cultural resource survey for its proposed Lassen Substation Project (Project) in Siskiyou County, California. This survey was conducted to comply with the California Environmental Quality Act and is in support of both a Proponent’s Environmental Assessment and a Mitigated Negative Declaration to be prepared by the California Public Utility Commission. The purpose of the survey is to identify whether cultural resources are present in the Project area, if those resources will be directly impacted by construction, and whether such resources are considered eligible for the California Register of Historical Resources (CRHR).

PacifiCorp proposes to remove the existing Mt. Shasta Substation located at 404 S. Old Stage Road and replace it with a new station, to be called Lassen Substation, upgrade a 69 kilovolt transmission known as Line 2; upgrade several distribution lines with larger conductors; and underground approximately 1,200 feet of cable to increase capacity of an existing underground distribution line. The proposed location for the new Lassen Substation is 504 S. Old Stage Road, which is approximately 275 feet (84 meters) east of the current Mt. Shasta Substation site. In addition, 36 existing wood poles (Pole 13/47 through Pole 5/49) that carry Line 2 will be rebuilt, upgraded, and routed into the new Lassen Substation.

The substation portion of the Project is located in unincorporated Siskiyou County, while certain elements of the transmission line work will occur in the County and in the City of Mt. Shasta. Both the existing Mt. Shasta substation and proposed Lassen substation locations are west of Interstate 5 (I-5), while portions of the transmission and distribution line upgrades will take place east of I-5. The Project is located in Township 40 North, Range 4 East, portions of Sections 9, 16, 17, and 21 as shown on the United States Geological Survey City of Mt. Shasta, CA 7.5’ topographic map.

In July 2015, POWER updated the 2011 cultural resource literature search conducted by the Northeast Information Center in Chico, California. The search identified 19 recorded cultural resources within one-half mile of the Project area. None of the resources are listed on the National Register of Historic Places (National Register) or the CRHR. There are no previously recorded resources present within the right-of-way (ROW) for the transmission line or the site of the proposed substation. A total of 38 cultural resource investigations have been conducted within one mile of the Project area. Research also showed that there are no known human remains within the Project ROW or at the new substation location.

Intensive archaeological surveys were conducted by POWER archaeologists on July 29 and September 14, 2011. The locations of the 36 poles to be replaced and the proposed substation were examined. Two cultural resources were identified during the 2011 surveys and include: (1) a house constructed in 1960 and (2) an isolated piece of pipe from the early twentieth century. Additional surveys along transmission and distribution line routes between and east of I-5 were conducted on July 16 and 17, 2015.

One historic-era structure complex (residence) and one historic-era isolate were detected during the survey. The residence, located at 504 S. Old Stage Road, would be demolished before the new substation is built. Because the residence was built in 1960, it was evaluated for significance by a qualified architectural historian. The residence was analyzed for significance and listing on the California Register of Historical Resources by a qualified Architectural Historian, Kathleen Crawford, M.A. The structure was found to be ineligible for listing on both the National Register and the CRHR. The isolated historic artifact is likewise ineligible for listing. Future cultural resource compliance work efforts on these two resources are therefore not required. Finally, the Project as a whole was evaluated for the potential to impact buried resources during the construction phase. This


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potential was found to be low, and therefore archaeological monitoring during construction is not recommended.


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1.0 INTRODUCTION PacifiCorp requested that POWER Engineers, Inc. (POWER) conduct a cultural resources survey for its proposed Lassen Substation Project (Project). The Project includes the removal of the existing Mt. Shasta Substation; construction of the proposed new Lassen Substation; an upgrade of transmission Line 2; an upgrade of two distribution lines; and installation of approximately 1,200 feet of underground cable to increase capacity of an existing underground distribution line. Project elements with the potential to impact historical resources include the construction of the new substation, the pole replacement, and demolition of the existing substation. The Project is located in and near the City of Mt. Shasta (Figure 1).

The purpose of conducting this survey was to identify whether historical resources are present at the proposed substation location or pole replacement sites, and assess whether any such historical resources might be impacted by the construction of the new substation or replacement of deteriorating poles. For the purpose of complying with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), “historical resources” are defined as prehistoric and historic archaeological sites, districts, and objects; standing historic structures, buildings, districts, and objects; locations of important historic events; or traditional cultural properties.

2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION The Project consists of removing the existing Mt. Shasta Substation and replacing it with a new substation, to be known as the Lassen Substation, on a site adjacent the existing Mt. Shasta Substation. The Project also includes transmission line upgrades along the Line 2 and the upgrade of two existing distribution lines. The existing substation would be removed once the Lassen Substation is operational. The proposed Lassen Substation site consists of two parcels (APN 036-220-280 and APN 036-220-170) comprising approximately 4.5 acres. As part of the proposed Project, 36 existing wood poles along the existing 69 kilovolt (kV) transmission line (Line 2, approximately 1.5 linear miles) would be upgraded to accommodate a new distribution underbuild conductor and to comply with the California Code of Regulations, Title 8 and the California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC) GO-95 load requirements. The transmission line would initially operate at 69 kV, but would be constructed as a 115 kV transmission line. The proposed Project would increase capacity to meet current and future projected demand.

PacifiCorp is proposing to:

• Construct a new Lassen Substation. • Replace 36 transmission wood poles with upgraded wood poles framed for 115 kV and

distribution underbuild. • Install three new wood poles to connect the existing transmission system to the new

substation. • Connect the existing transmission lines from the existing substation into the new substation

through installation of 200 feet of overhead line. • Connect the cable pulling vault to the existing distribution system through installation of

three 300-foot underground conduit runs. • Reconductor two existing distribution lines. • Install an underground cable approximately 1,200 feet to increase capacity of an existing

underground line. • Remove the existing Mt. Shasta Substation.

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FIGURE 1PROJECT VICINITY

PACIFICORPLASSEN SUBSTATION

PROJECT



The new substation would connect to Line 2 and would contain a 69 kV/12.5 kV, 15/20/25 megavolt ampere (MVA)-rated transformer with a load tap changer supplying enclosed 12.5 kV switchgear and a 12.5 kV capacitor bank. Because the new substation would not provide a 4.16 kV source, the 3.3 MVA of 4.16 kV load located within the central portion of the City of Mt. Shasta would be served from three banks of 12.5 to 4.16 kV stepdown transformers to be added on the 12.5 kV distribution feeders near the existing 4.16 kV load.

A double-circuit, 115 kV 795 thousand circular mil (kcmil) aluminum conductor steel reinforced (ACSR) transmission line approximately 200 feet long would carry the 69 kV Line 2 through the proposed new Lassen Substation. Thirty-six existing wood poles, from Pole 19/47 north of the existing substation to Pole 2A/49 south of the existing substation, would be upgraded to accommodate a new underbuild distribution conductor and to comply with the California PUC GO-95 load requirements. Three 12.5 kV distribution circuits, approximately 300 feet long, would be installed underground from a cable pulling vault just outside of the proposed Lassen Substation south to a new wood transmission/distribution pole between existing Poles 15/48 and 16/48.

2.1 Location The Project location includes parcel #036220280000 (504 S. Old Stage Road), parcel #036220170000 (506 S. Old Stage Road), parcel #036220170000 (existing substation at 404 S. Old Stage Road), and the linear alignment of 36 wooden poles heading toward (Pole 13/47 through 24/47, 1/48 through 13/48) and away from the new substation (Pole 13B/48 through 24/48, 1/49 through 10b/49) with a 75-foot buffer surveyed around each pole. The Project also includes upgrades to the existing transmission and distribution lines east of Interstate 5 (I-5), reconductoring work along Mill and Chestnut Streets, installation of new overhead circuit between the new 12.5 kV circuit along West Jessie Street and removal of an existing circuit.

The proposed Project is located in unincorporated Siskiyou County just outside of the Mt. Shasta City limits, and within the City itself. Both the existing substation and the new substation locations are west of I-5 in the south central part of Siskiyou County. The Project, including the new substation and pole replacement locations, is mapped in Township 40 North, Range 4 East, Sections 6, 16, 17 and 21 of the City of Mt. Shasta, CA quadrangle of the Mt. Diablo Baseline and Meridian of the United States Geological Survey’s (USGS) 7.5 Minute Topographic Series (Figure 2). The Project will be constructed on existing farmland, City streets, and across Interstate 5 (Figure 3).

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EXISTING TRANSMISSION LINE TO BE REBUILTDISTRIBUTION LINE MODIFICATIONS

PROPOSED LASSEN SUBSTATION SITEEXISTING SUBSTATION (MT. SHASTA)CITY LIMITS

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PROJECTSource: ArcGIS USA Topo Maps "City of Mount Shasta", accessed October 2015.

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ExistingSubstationto be Removed

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Reconductor ExistingDistribution Underbuildon Line 2

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LEGEND!. TRANSMISSION STRUCTURE

EXISTING TRANSMISSION LINE TO BE REBUILTEXISTING OVERHEAD DISTRIBUTIONEXISTING UNDERGROUND DISTRIBUTIONPROPOSED OVERHEAD DISTRIBUTIONPROPOSED UNDERGROUND DISTRIBUTION

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PROJECTSource: ArcGIS Imagery, 2010.



3.0 REGULATORY FRAMEWORK Although the Project has no federal historic compliance nexus, a short review of the federal compliance process is necessary because it forms the basis for state/local cultural resource compliance guidelines. The structure complex detected during survey will be evaluated following federal standards, and then the results applied to the California Register of Historical Resources (CRHR) process.

3.1 National Historic Preservation Act The National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) requires federal agencies to consider the effects of proposed federal undertakings on historic properties. A historic property is defined as any building, site, district, structure or object that is listed in or eligible for the National Register of Historic Places (National Register). In order for a property to qualify for the National Register, it must meet one of the four National Register Criteria for Evaluation listed below and must retain historic integrity of those features that convey its significance. These criteria are:

A) [is] associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history; or

B) [is] associated with the lives of significant persons in or past; or C) [embodies] the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or that

represent the work of a master, or that possess high artistic values, or that represent a significant and distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction; or

D) [has] yielded or may be likely to yield, information important in history or prehistory.

The National Register traditionally recognizes a property's integrity through seven aspects or qualities: location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association. To be eligible under Criterion D, National Park Service (NPS) guidance documents (NPS 1995) state that a resource must have, or have had, information to contribute to our understanding of human history or prehistory, and the information must be considered important. As discussed in NPS Bulletin #15 (ibid):

“The significance of a historic property can be judged and explained only when it is evaluated within its historic context. Historic contexts are those patterns or trends in history by which a specific occurrence, property, or site is understood and its meaning (and ultimately its significance) within history or prehistory is made clear. Historians, architectural historians, folklorists, archeologists, and anthropologists use different words to describe these phenomena such as trend, pattern, theme, or cultural affiliation, but ultimately the concept is the same.”

The concept of historic context is not a new one; it has been fundamental to the study of history since the eighteenth century and, arguably, earlier than that. Its core premise is that resources, properties, or happenings in history do not occur in a vacuum but rather are part of larger trends or patterns. In order to decide whether a property is significant within its historic context, the following five things must be determined:

1) The facet of prehistory or history of the local area, State, or the nation that the property represents;

2) Whether that facet of prehistory or history is significant; 3) Whether it is a type of property that has relevance and importance in illustrating the historic

context; 4) How the property illustrates that history; and finally



5) Whether the property possesses the physical features necessary to convey the aspect of prehistory or history with which it is associated.

If the property being evaluated does represent an important aspect of the area's history or prehistory and possesses the requisite quality of integrity, then it qualifies for the National Register (NPS 1995).

Because NPS Bulletin #15 is the standard by which evaluations are developed, an exhaustive examination of the resource’s historic context within the spotlight of national history is required as part of the analysis.

3.2 California Register of Historical Places The California Office of Historic Preservation (OHP) has opted for a similar process for listing cultural resources on the CRHR (OHP 2011). CEQA Public Resources Code (PRC) § 21084.1 provides that any project that may cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an historical resource is a project that may have a significant effect on the environment. PRC § 5020.1(q) defines “substantial adverse change” as “demolition, destruction, relocation, or alteration such that the significance of the historical resource would be impaired.”

A historical resource is a resource that is listed in, or determined to be eligible for listing in the CRHR; included in a local register of historical resources; or is identified as significant in an historic resource survey if that survey meets the criteria specified in PRC §5024.1(g). A property may be eligible for listing on the CRHR if it is determined to meet one of the following criteria:

• It is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of local or regional history, or the cultural heritage of California or the United States.

• It is associated with the lives of persons important to local, California, or national history. • It embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, region, or method or construction,

or represents the work of a master, or possesses high artistic values. • It has yielded, or has the potential to yield, information important to the prehistory or history

of the local area, California, or the nation.

3.3 California Public Utility Commission Historic Preservation Requirements

As the Lead Agency under CEQA guidelines, the CPUC requires that impacts to historic properties and historical resources must be defined and accounted for. At the federal level, the federal Section 106 process may apply if a requirement for a United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Section 404 permit for river and stream crossings or other waterways under the USACE’s jurisdiction is identified during the CPUC’s scoping process. Federal regulations associated with impacts to historic properties must be fulfilled only if an USACE nexus is identified during project planning.

Under CEQA guidelines, the CPUC must identify historical resources that could be substantially and adversely changed as a result of the implementation of a project. A substantial adverse change to the significance of a historical resource constitutes a significant effect on the environment. Substantial adverse change means “demolition, destruction, relocation, or alteration such that the significance of a historical resource would be impaired” (CEQA § 15064.5). All properties on the CRHR that may be affected by development or zoning actions must be considered under CEQA. The fact that a resource or property is not listed on the CRHR does not preclude it from being significant and does not make it exempt from CEQA evaluation. Examples may include locally designated properties and properties evaluated as significant in cultural resource surveys that meet CRHR criteria and OHP standards, as



well as previously unidentified resources that are detected during surveys that take place during the planning period.

Native American sites and areas of cultural sensitivity or sacred value may also be found to be significant in spite of not being listed on the National Register or CRHR or which do not have perceived value to the community as a whole. Many Native American sites are not listed on any Register and under State law, and many such sites are known only to local tribes.

3.4 Impacts to Native American Human Remains Other State requirements associated with cultural resources appear in PRC § 5097.5 (Archaeological, Paleontological, and Historical Sites), and PRC § 5097.9 (Native American Historical, Cultural, and Sacred Sites) for lands owned by the State or a State agency. California Code of Regulations (CCR) § 15064.4 requires that when an initial study identifies the existence or probable likelihood of Native American human remains within a project, a lead agency would work with the appropriate Native Americans as identified by the Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC) to avoid such remains. Because many such sites are not known to cultural resource specialists, consultation with tribes that may have knowledge of such resources is crucial.

The disposition of Native American burials is governed by Section 7050.5 of the California Health and Safety Code and PRC §§ 5097.94 and 5097.98, and falls within the jurisdiction of the NAHC. If human remains are discovered, the County Coroner must be notified within 48 hours and there should be no further disturbance to the site where the remains were found. If the remains are determined by the Coroner to be Native American, the Coroner is responsible for contacting the NAHC within 24 hours. The NAHC, pursuant to PRC § 5097.98, will immediately notify those persons it believes to be most likely descended from the deceased Native American so they can inspect the burial site and make recommendations for treatment, analysis, or reburial.



4.0 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING The Project area is located in the Shasta Cascade area of northern Californian within the southern portion of Siskiyou County, approximately seven miles southwest of the southwestern base of Mount Shasta. The City of Mt. Shasta is forty miles south of the Oregon border in northern California. The Project is within Strawberry Valley, which runs between Black Butte to the north and Rainbow Ridge to the south. The elevation is approximately 3,460 feet above sea level.

The Project is south of Big Spring Creek, which flows south into Cold Creek to join the headwaters of the South Fork of the Sacramento River. Average rainfall in the Project area is 45 inches annually; the snowfall average is over 100 inches annually. Several vegetation types are found within the Project area, including lower montane coniferous forest, montane meadows, riparian scrub, and non-native annual grassland; these are described below.

Lower montane coniferous forest near the Project area best fits the Sierran Mixed Conifer Forest natural community description in Holland (1986). This community is dominated by ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa), with incense cedar (Calocedrus decurrens), black oak (Quercus kelloggii) and Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii). The shrub layer contains scattered dogwood (Cornus spp.), gooseberry (Ribes spp.), and wild cherry (Prunus spp.). The understory varies but is often dominated by creeping snowberry (Symphoricarpos mollis) with native perennial grasses and forbs.

Montane meadows occur from the substation northwest to Pole 19/47, near the Project boundary. Montane meadows, as described by Holland (1986), are wetlands associated with fens or bogs in more waterlogged soils or adjacent to forest or scrub in better drained soils. Both wet and dry montane meadows can occur in a single meadow. Montane meadows are characterized by dense growth of sedges (Carex spp.) or other perennial herbs such as rushes (Juncus spp.) and bulrushes (Scirpus spp.). Wet meadows remain saturated through the growing season while dry meadows may have no capillary water available year round and seasonally dry out.

Riparian scrub is a dense, winter-deciduous thicket occurring along streams. Riparian scrub is dominated by willows (Salix spp.) with alders (Alnus spp.) and/or dogwoods (Cornus spp.) (Holland 1986). It may also have a dense cover of Himalayan black berry (Rubus discolor) brambles along the riparian edges in disturbed locations.

Non-native annual grassland is a result of extensive grazing and is dominated by a variety of non-native annual grasses and forbs. Heavily grazed non-native grassland occurred in the Project area on the west side of Old Stage Road and within the large fenced yards of the proposed substation site.

The Project area supports wildlife common to the region. Mammals or their sign observed on or near the Project area included red fox (Vulpes vulpes), coyote (Canis latrans), black bear (Ursinus americanus), raccoon (Procyon lotor), bobcat (Felis rufus), mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus), rabbit (Lepus sp.), Eastern gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis), raccoon (Procyon lotor), California quail (Lophortyx californicus), black-capped chickadee (Parus atricapillus), nuthatch (Sitta sp.), American robin (Turdus migratorius), black billed magpie (Pica pica), woodpecker (Picoides sp.), common raven (Corvus corax), Stellar’s jay (Cyanocitta stellar), Brewer’s blackbird (Euphagus cyanocephalus), Cooper’s hawk (Accipiter cooperi), rufous hummingbird (Selasphorus rufus), and osprey (Pandion haliaetus) (POWER 2010).



5.0 CULTURAL SETTING 5.1 Prehistory This section describes human occupation in chronological order in the Project area. The Project area is situated within a portion of the Shasta Valley that was occupied by different cultures from the “Early Horizon” to the proto-historic period, and is within the ethnohistoric territory of the Shastan people.

5.1.1 Early Horizon (9000 B.C. to 2000 B.C.) Evidence of early Post-Pleistocene occupation of this region, including what has been called the Early Horizon, is generally lacking in the area bordering Shasta Valley. Wallace (1978) breaks this part of the cultural sequence into three periods based on evidence of the shift in the general subsistence pattern of each area of California between 9000 and 2000 B.C.

Period I: Beginning in 9000 B.C., the first period is dominated by a hunting strategy, with groups moving frequently to follow the seasonal migrations of large game. Evidence of this is exhibited in light refuse deposits, and lacking evidence of dwellings and ground stone tool technology. This period persists in most parts of California until around 6000 B.C.

Period II: Period II begins around 6000 B.C. with a shift in the general subsistence strategy to include wild plant food collection as a significant part of the diet. The importance of wild plant foods during this period is evident in the increasing numbers of grinding implements, especially mealing slabs and mullers, found at sites dating between 6000 and 3000 B.C. (Wallace 1978). Sites dating to this period are not well represented in the northern portion of the state. In fact, only one site exhibiting evidence of this shift has been documented in the Sacramento Valley (Wallace 1978). Aside from flaked stone debitage and an array of large, stemmed dart points that are the hallmark of this period, this site contained a large quantity of hand stones, comprising approximately 35 percent of the overall assemblage. Documented evidence of a diversification of food resources in the northern part of the state does not appear dominant until the appearance of Mesilla Complex sites in the Sierra Nevada Mountains sometime around 3000 B.C. Mesilla Complex sites, like contemporary sites elsewhere in the state, are characterized by heavy stemmed or side-notched dart points, bone artifacts, flexed burials, and pestle and mortar grinding implements (Wallace 1978).

Period III: According to Wallace (1978), broad changes became evident in the prehistoric subsistence pattern again after 3000 B.C., with adaptation to the region’s natural environment leading to wider exploitation of available food resources and greater subsistence efficiency. In the Sacramento Valley area and at the foothills of the Sierra Nevadas, this shift is characterized by the “Windmiller” people, who inhabited these areas between 3000 and 2000 B.C. The Windmiller tradition is characterized in the archaeological record by a continuation of atlatl dart technology, use of mortar and pestle implements and the addition of small numbers of milling stones and mullers into the toolkit, a reduction of bone tools, an increased appearance of marine shell beads and pendants, the appearance of baked clay objects possibly used as baking stones, and a shift from flexed burial positions to an extended face-down position. This period continued until approximately 2000 B.C.

5.1.2 Middle Horizon (2000 B.C. to 800 A.D.) The Middle Horizon, or the Transitional Horizon as discussed by Heizer (1941), is characterized by the development of regional prehistoric cultural traditions sometime around 2000 B.C. (Elsasser 1978). Although the tradition appears slightly later, Middle Horizon sites in the southern Cascades follow a similar pattern to those in the Redding area, following the shift to increased diversification in the subsistence pattern of the time. In the Upper Pit River area, sites characteristically have a large



amount of marine shell jewelry, exhibit a shift to smaller stemmed and serrated point styles and sometimes contain Desert Side Notched varieties, and appear to revert back to the practice of flexed position inhumations (Elsasser 1978). The Kingsley Cave Site (CA-TEH-1) is characteristic of an early Middle Horizon occupation, with possible later Martis Complex and Late Horizon components. Early cultural levels of the site contain manos and metates; flat-ended pestles and hopper mortars; basalt Martis Complex style, large-stemmed, and corner-notched points; some marine shell jewelry; and burials interred in the flexed position (Baumhoff 1955; Elsasser 1978). The Martis Complex has been described as a high-elevation seasonal hunting and seed gathering culture that occupied the area east of the main crest of the Sierra Nevada Range. Martis Complex sites are largely defined based on radiocarbon evidence and the appearance of Elko Eared and Elko Corner Notched points. Elston (1971) suggests that the Martis Complex had its beginning sometime around 1000 B.C. Based on the lack of stratification of deposits at some sites containing both Martis Complex and Maidu components, a transition from the prehistoric group to the ethnographic Maidu has been suggested (Elsasser 1978). Succeeding cultures after the Martis Complex retain some traits of their predecessors, including manos and metates as grinding implements, large basalt drills, and large projectile points primarily of basalt. By A.D. 800, Martis traits had disappeared completely from sites in some parts of northern California (Elsasser 1978).

5.1.3 Late Horizon (1000 B.C. to A.D. 1000) This cultural horizon includes the period of time just before and continuing after contact with European settlers. Based on current evidence of proto historic patterns, it is suggested that cultures were entrenched in local traditions by at least A.D. 1000 and possibly as early as A.D. 500 (Elsasser 1978; King 1978). The Late Horizon represents a continuation of the previous traditions occurring prior to European contact and continuing as late as the mid-nineteenth century. This cultural horizon is split into three phases: pre-contact, proto historic and historic (post-contact) (Heizer 1941).

Phase 1: Phase 1 represents a continuation of the cultural tradition at the end of the Middle Horizon following the disappearance of Martis Complex traits in the Sierra Nevada region. This phase is characterized primarily by a shift in burial practices, a continuation of similar projectile point types, manufacture of tubular stone pipes, continued use of Haliotis for shell ornament production, and the presence of Olivella beads (Elsasser 1978).

Phase 2: Phase 2, the proto historic period, is roughly equivalent to the period of the same name that is used to describe most of central California (King 1978). The association of archaeological sites with the proto historic period is primarily made based on the occurrence of prehistoric tool types with objects associated with European trade, as well as historic records and dates from coastal village sites. Radiocarbon dates from Phase 2 sites indicate a transition beginning around A.D. 1500. Projectile point types associated with the proto historic period in northern California include the Gunther Barbed variety, Desert Side Notched, Cottonwood Triangular, Stockton Serrated, and various other corner-notched varieties. Based on the later deposits found in rock shelter sites in the ethnographic Yana territory, a variety of shell ornaments, pine nut beads, and bedrock mortars are also common Phase 2 components in addition to the characteristics of the projectile point styles (Elsasser 1978).

Phase 3: Phase 3 is followed by the historic period and Spanish missionization in many parts of California beginning around A.D. 1770 and ending around 1834 (King 1978). In the Project area, this phase has no clear breaks with the historic movement of Europeans into the area. Ethnographic and historic accounts describe a continued use of the area around the Project area by native groups into the twentieth century, with increasing contact between tribes and Europeans occurring later in the chronological sequence.



5.2 Ethnography After the Spanish began colonizing coastal California in 1769, Native American groups were subject to dramatic social and cultural changes, including the establishment of the Spanish mission system and the introduction of new diseases that decimated native populations. Populations declined even further during smallpox epidemics in 1863 and 1870. The Project is situated within the traditional boundary of the Shastan tribe (Moratto 2004; Kroeber 1925). The following briefly discusses this ethnographic group.

5.2.1 Shastan The Project area was occupied by the Shastan people, composed of four groups: Shasta, Konomihu, Okwanuchu, and New River Shasta (Heizer 1978). Not much is known about the Konomihu, Okwanuchu, and New River Shasta.

The Shasta occupied land from around Jacksonville, Oregon, in a swath of land that roughly followed the southern upper Rogue River watershed southeast towards Beswick, California, encompassing parts of the upper Klamath River watershed, including Jenny Creek. This territory then widened westward toward Seiad Valley along the Klamath River watershed, then the limit headed south to the Salmon Mountains and to Callahan, California. The territorial limit then progressed eastward to Mt. Shasta and back north to Beswick. The Okwanuchu occupied portions of the upper Sacramento and McCloud watersheds south of Mt. Shasta and including the southeastern corner of the Shasta territory described above. The New River Shasta and Konomihu lived in an area surrounding Cecilville, 40 miles to the southwest of the Shasta area described above, and surrounding the north, east, and south forks of the Salmon River as well as the upper New River watershed (Heizer 1978).

Food was plentiful in Shasta homeland. The prominent sources of animal foods included deer, bear, small mammals, birds, anadromous fishes, resident fishes, turtles, and invertebrates such as mussels, grasshoppers and crickets (Heizer, 1978). Men would hunt by tracking, driving, and smoking out game and would fish with hook and line, spear, and harpoon. Women would gather seeds, bulbs, roots, insects, and grubs and would also trap fish in baskets. Both men and women would collect acorns and pine nuts (Heizer 1978). They managed the land by burning to stimulate plant growth and by sowing seeds. The fundamental social unit was a bilateral family with a patrilineal tendency (Heizer 1978). There were many villages that were composed of one family, and the larger villages had a headman. Some ownership of land and resource exploitation areas was evident and applied to village territories, hunting and fishing areas, tobacco plots, and oak trees (Heizer 1978). Some variations of such ownership existed from place to place.

Structures of the Shasta included the rectangular dwelling house, the multi-family conical dwelling house, and the single-family bark house (Heizer 1978). They made baskets using both closed and open-work twining methods. Dugout canoes and tule rafts were sometimes used. The sinew-backed bow supplemented with composite arrows with obsidian tips or headless single shaft arrows were used (Heizer 1978). They also employed hide stretching, cordage manufacture, bone working, and ground stone technology.

5.3 History The first documented Euroamericans to pass through the Mount Shasta region were members of the Hudson’s Bay Company in 1827. The trappers traveled south from Oregon along the Siskiyou Trail, a network of Native American foot paths that would become a major north-south transportation route between California and Oregon. By the 1830s the trail was being used as a livestock drive line which substantially widened the trail turning it into a major immigrant thoroughfare to Oregon (Siskiyou County 2015a). Traffic along the Siskiyou Trail increased dramatically during the mid-1800s at the



height of the California gold rush. To expedite north-south travel, new stage roads were forged through the valley. One of these stage roads paralleled Wagon Valley Creek through the Project area. In 1849 the road was new and travel along it was arduous. Ross McCloud, an early Mt. Shasta pioneer, improved the route in 1856 and it eventually became known as the Shasta to Yreka stagecoach route. Today, Old Stage Road roughly follows the original route (SCSC 2002). Stage stops were established along the road to resupply immigrants. One of the early stations was established in 1857 just west of the present day City of Mt. Shasta and named the Strawberry Valley Stage Station (Siskiyou County 2015b).

Some travelers opted to stay in the area rather than passing through to Oregon. One of the earliest pioneers to settle in the area was J.H. Sisson who filed on government land across from the Strawberry Valley Stage Station in 1857 (Arnold 2015). He built his home on the north side of Old Stage Road and by 1865 Sisson had converted his home into the Sisson’s Hotel, a popular tourist destination (OHP 2015).

The first post office in the area was established in 1870 in front of Sisson’s Hotel with Mr. Sisson serving as the first post master. The new post office was named Berryvale and a small community soon grew up around it and the stage station across the road. In 1887, the Central Pacific Railroad was completed through the valley alongside of the Siskiyou Trail. Mr. Sisson donated some of his land to the railroad with the stipulation that the new railroad station and burgeoning town be called Sisson’s (OHP 2015; Arnold 2015). That year the Berryvale post office was abandoned and a new one was established in Sisson’s Railroad Station along the railroad (HMdb 2015). In 1905, the “s” was dropped from Sisson’s and the town was incorporated as Sisson. In 1922, the name of the town was officially changed to Mt. Shasta (Arnold 2015).

The completion of the railroad brought a dramatic increase in population and tourism to the small town. It also enabled the nearby lumber industry to flourish. Although a few small lumber operations were established in the region prior to the coming of the railroad, the steep terrain made transporting the lumber to bigger markets very difficult by oxen cart alone. In 1892, a man named Friday George established a small sawmill in Squaw Valley and attempted to haul his lumber over the mountain to the railhead at Sisson via a steam traction engine. This, too, proved to be inefficient and two years later his venture failed (trainweb 2015).

During this time the Siskiyou Lumber and Mercantile Company, owned by George Scott and William Van Arsdale, was also operating several small mills and retail operations around the town of Sisson. With the arrival of the railroad, the pair saw great potential to expand their holdings. Finding little available land left around Sisson or Upton, they looked to the west side of Mt. Shasta and bought the bankrupt sawmill belonging to Friday George. The McCloud River Lumber Company was formed in 1896 with this acquisition (trainweb 2015; mccloudriverrailroad 2015).

By 1896, the McCloud River Lumber Company had completed improvements to the mill including constructing company housing and community amenities. The company town that emerged was named Vandale after William Van Arsdale. The company had also begun to lay railroad track on the traction road established by Friday George. The railroad was completed from the new mill to a railhead in Upton 1897. The McCloud River Railroad Company was formed and run as one company in conjunction with the McCloud River Lumber Company. Arsdale and Scott sold their share in the company in 1902 and moved on to other ventures and the company town of Vandale was renamed McCloud (mccloudriverrailroad 2015). A line change in 1907 diverted the interchange point between the McCloud and the Central Pacific Railroads from Upton to Mt. Shasta City (greatshastarailtrail 2015).



The Sisson Lumber Company also built a railroad that extends partially through the Project area in 1890. The standard gauge railroad extended from Barnard to the Rainbow Mill lumber Camp, a distance of about seven miles (Vaughn 1996).



6.0 METHODOLOGY AND RESULTS 6.1 Northeast California Information Center Literature Review The methods used to identify cultural resources included a background literature review conducted at the Northeast California Information Center (NEIC), which is located at California State University, Chico. The records search was conducted by NEIC staff in 2009 and 2011, with an updated review conducted in late 2014 and July 2015. POWER also undertook a Native American consultation as part of this cultural resource analysis.

NEIC staff examined the following data sources during the records searches:

• National Register of Historic Places • California Historical Landmarks • California Register of Historical Resources • California Points of Historical Interest • Historic Property Data File Directory for Siskiyou County • Historic Spots in California • Determination of Eligibility Index Reports

The literature review identified 44 recorded cultural resources located within one-half mile of the proposed Project (Table 1). The search also revealed that no previously recorded cultural resources will be directly impacted during Project construction.

TABLE 1 PREVIOUSLY IDENTIFIED CULTURAL RESOURCES LOCATED WITHIN ONE MILE OF THE PROJECT AREA

PRIMARY # / TRINOMIAL PREHISTORIC/HISTORIC SITE TYPE

47-000656 Prehistoric Lithic scatter


47-001650 Historic Brownshasta Racetrack


47-002325 Historic McCloud River Railroad District Segments

47-002446 Historic Deer Creek Railroad grade

47-002558 Historic Sisson Depot Hotel site

47-003133 Prehistoric Projectile point



47-003885 Historic Smith Corral

47-003886 Historic JPR Radio antenna tower

47-003887 Historic Smith Foundation

47-003888 Historic Smith Ditch #2

47-003889 Historic Smith Ditch #1



PRIMARY # / TRINOMIAL PREHISTORIC/HISTORIC SITE TYPE

47-003890 Historic Big Springs Ditch

47-003891 Historic Simcox Barn


22 HPDF numbers Historic 204 West Alma NF building complex. Total of 22 elements

HPDF #181006 Historic 707 Berry Street

HPDF #184114 Historic 709 Cedar Street

HPDF #186645 Historic 35 Reginato Road

HPDF #187058 Historic 202 Terry Lynn Road

As shown above, numerous historic-era resources have been recorded within one-half mile of the proposed Project plus several instances of prehistoric lithic scatter sites and one isolate. Examination of OHP’s Siskiyou County Historic Property Data File showed that, except in the case of the McCloud River Railroad and the Siskiyou Nation Forest headquarters, none of the recorded resources have been evaluated for eligibility to the National or California Registers. The McCloud River railroad was evaluated in 1988 and #47-002325 bear code “2D2” and is considered an element of the National Register-eligible McCloud River Lumber Company District. Many of the historic era resources located at Siskiyou HQ at 204 West Alma appear to be part of a historic District associated with the National Forest headquarters. These facts indicate that, unless surveys demonstrate otherwise, the potential for impact to cultural resources during construction should be considered moderate.

The literature search also showed that 15 archaeological studies have been conducted within one-half mile of the proposed Project. One survey, SI-L-374, crossed the northern segment of the Project transmission line corridor. Results of the literature search for nearby previous studies undertaken by qualified researchers are listed in Table 2.

TABLE 2 CULTURAL RESOURCE STUDIES WITHIN ONE MILE OF THE PROJECT AREA

REPORT NUMBER AUTHOR YEAR TITLE

585 I. Martin et. Al. 1981 Overview of the Cultural Historic Resources of Euro-American and Other Immigrant Groups in the Shasta-Trinity National Forest

1421 Peak & Associates, Inc. 1988 Cultural Resources Assessment of AT&T’s Medford, Oregon, To

Redding, California, Fiber Optic Cable

1607 A. Farber 1998 Archaeological Survey of the Proposed Dannon Natural Spring Water Bottling Facility Siskiyou County, California

1620 P. Jensen 1997 Archaeological Inventory Survey City of Mt. Shasta Proposed Roseburg Annexation Project, City of Mt. Shasta, Siskiyou County, California

1807 J. Cassidy 1998 Archaeological Reconnaissance for the Nelson Zone Change (Z-98-08), Mt. Shasta, Siskiyou County, California

2101 E. Ritter 1990 An Archaeological Survey and Site Evaluation of the Kay Property, Mt. Shasta, California




2843 M. Duguay 1998 Confidential Archaeological Addendum for Timber Operations on Non-Federal Lands in California: Wagon THP

2844 T. Kenyon 1999 Confidential Archaeological Addendum for Timber Operations on Non-Federal Lands in California: Freeway THP

2863 T. Vaughn 1999 Archaeological Survey for Senior Housing Project, City of Mt. Shasta

2950 A. Cornelius 1999 Confidential Archaeological Addendum: Quail Hill THP

3292 T. Vaughan 1999 Archaeological Reconnaissance for the Lake Siskiyou Trail Improvement and Shoreline Restoration Project, Siskiyou County, California

3684 K. Winthrop 1991 Cultural Resource Survey of Approximately 237 Acres for the Siskiyou Lake Highlands Development, Siskiyou County, California

3946 D. Elliott 1992 Archaeological Survey for the Proposed Dal Callo Subdivision and Conversion Plan, Mt. Shasta, Siskiyou County, California

4722 J. Rock 2003 Archaeological Resource Management Report for Proposed Construction of a Single Family Home; I.C. File #C02-15, Siskiyou County, California

4799 J. Rock 2002 Archaeological Resource Management Report for Proposed Rezone of a parcel owned by Eugene Nichols and Rob Middleton, Siskiyou County, California

5278 J. Manning 1983 Letter Report of Archaeological Survey of 63 Acres near Lassen Lane and Pine Grove Drive, Mt. Shasta City, Siskiyou County, California

5997 C. Dalu 2004 Cultural Resources Inventory Survey for the Proposed Radio Antenna Relocation and Wetland Creation Project, City of Mt. Shasta, Siskiyou County, California

5998 T. Vaughan 2004 Archaeological Reconnaissance of Parcels B & C (2.96 Acres) for the Proposed Shasta Manors Senior Housing Project on Kingston Way, City of Mt. Shasta, Siskiyou County, California

6364 T. Vaughan 2005 Archaeological Reconnaissance for the Proposed Tanner Parcel Split on Loveta Lane (APN 057-601-100), City of Mt. Shasta, Siskiyou County, California

6499 J. Rock 2005 Archaeological Resource Management Report for Proposed Parcel Development; I.C. File #C05-12, Siskiyou County, California

6558 T. Vaughan 2005 Archaeological Reconnaissance for the Proposed Pelton/Chang Parcel Split (APN 057-601-030), City of Mt. Shasta, Siskiyou County, California

7167 P. Jensen 2004 Archaeological Inventory Survey Roseburg Infrastructure Improvement Project, Mt. Shasta, Siskiyou County, California

7169 D. Lindler 2004 An Archaeological Survey Report for the Lake Siskiyou Nonindustrial Timber Management Plan, Siskiyou County, California

7186 K. Wooton 2006 Historic Property Survey Report for Phase B of the Black Butte Rehabilitation Project on Interstate 5, Siskiyou County




7279 D. Vann 2007 Letter Report for Archaeological Investigation for the Proposed Brown Property Zone Change (APN: 037-260-030)

7362 C. Arrington, B. Bass 2006 Cultural Resources Final Report of Monitoring and Findings for

the QWEST Network Construction Project, State of California

7692 J. Manning 1978 Archaeological Reconnaissance of the Mt. Shasta Subdivision, 25 acres, Siskiyou County, California

9106 P. Brunmeier and G. Scholze 2006

Moss Mountain Meadows Project Archaeological Resources Inventory of 20.5 Acres in Mt. Shasta City, Siskiyou County, California

10649 P. Jensen 1987 Archaeological Reconnaissance of the Proposed Quail Hill Subdivision Project near Mt. Shasta, Siskiyou County, California

11577 B. Hamusek 2011 Historic Property Survey Report for the Interstate 5/State Route 89 Interchange Improvement Project, Siskiyou County, California

11672 J. Ostrowski 2012 An Archaeological Survey Report for the Rainbow Flat Timber Harvesting Plan, Siskiyou County, California

12349 J. Meyer 2013 A Geological Overview and Assessment of Northeast California; Cultural Resources Inventory of Caltrans District 2 Rural Conventional Highways: Lassen, Modoc, Shasta, Siskiyou, Tehama, and Trinity Counties

SI-L-10 J. Dotta 1978 Archaeological Reconnaissance of the Proposed Shasta Holiday Development, Siskiyou County, California

SI-l-109 J. Krieger 1987 Archaeological Reconnaissance of the Big Springs RV Park, Siskiyou County, California

SI-L-167 J. Krieger 1990 Archaeological Reconnaissance of the Mt. Shasta Village Subdivision, Siskiyou County, California

SI-L-169 Jensen and Associates 1989 An Archaeological Inventory of a Proposed Sewer Line

Improvement Project, Mt. Shasta City, Siskiyou County, California

SI-L-263 J. Cassidy 1991 Archaeological Reconnaissance of Cantara Court Subdivision, Mt. Shasta, California

SI-L-374 J. Manning 1983 Archaeological Survey of the C.D.M.S. Inc. Site, City of Mt. Shasta, Siskiyou County California

6.2 Native American Consultation POWER initially contacted the California NAHC requesting a Sacred Lands File Search and a list of Native American groups that might have historic ties to, and interest in, the Project area on October 17, 2011. In a letter dated October 27, 2011, the NAHC stated that their files indicated that there were no known Native American cultural resources identified within the immediate Project vicinity. At that time the NAHC also provided a list of six Native American contacts to be informed of the Project. On October 28, 2011, POWER sent letters to the contacts providing information about the Project. Tribal concerns were expected and letters were sent to the following contacts:

• Mr. Harold Bennett, Chairperson, Quartz Valley Indian Community • Ms. Evette Lewis, Cultural Resources Coordinator, Quartz Valley Indian Community • Ms. Rebekah Sluss, Environmental Coordinator, Quartz Valley Indian Community



• Ms. Athena Calico, Vice Chairperson, Shasta Indian Nation • Ms. Mary Carpelan, Cultural and Archaeological Resources, Shasta Nation • Mr. Roy Hall, Jr., Chairperson, Shasta Nation

POWER contacted the NAHC again in a letter dated November 14, 2014 and requested an updated Sacred Lands File Search and list of Native American groups that might have historic ties to, and interest in, the proposed Project area. The NAHC responded in a letter dated November 26, 2014 that there were no known Native American cultural resources identified within the immediate Project vicinity. The NAHC also identified six Native American contacts to be informed of the Project. POWER sent letters providing information about the Project to these contacts on December 8 and 9, 2014. Letters were sent to the following contacts:

• Mr. Aaron Peters, Chairperson, Quartz Valley Indian Community • Ms. Evette Lewis, Cultural Resources Coordinator, Quartz Valley Indian Community • Ms. Rebekah Sluss, Environmental Coordinator, Quartz Valley Indian Community • Ms. Mary Carpelan, Cultural and Archaeological Resources, Shasta Nation • Mr. Roy V. Hall, Jr., Chairperson, Shasta Nation • Ms. Sami Jo Difuntorum, Cultural Resources, Shasta Indian Nation and Administrator Butte

Valley Indian Community

As of the date of this report, responses from the above listed Native American contacts have not been received by POWER. Copies of these letters are provided in Appendix A, along with a tracker that concisely summarizes these data.

6.3 Review of Historical Maps, Photographs and the Bureau of Land Management General Land Office Database

Historic aerial photographs, topographic maps and the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) General Land Office (GLO) database were reviewed by POWER staff in December 2014. The existing substation at 404 S. Old Stage Road was plotted on the 1986 edition of the City of Mt. Shasta, California. 1:24,000 scale topographic map, but not on the previous edition of this map dated 1971. The powerline that enters and exits the existing substation had been plotted on historic maps at least since 1956. Archival maps from this period show a roof of a house located at 504 S. Old Stage Road.

The GLO database showed that several different persons and companies bought or acquired land when made available by the General Land Office in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. That portion of the Project located in Section 17 was acquired via cash purchase by George and Nellie Pettingill in 1904. The 320 acres they purchased may have been homesteaded shortly afterward. Mr. Pettingill had a campground named after him in the Shasta-Trinity National Forest (see http://www.fs.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsinternet/) but otherwise the couple has no additional historical significance. That portion of the Project in Section 16 was located on land ceded to the state of California in 1879. That portion of the Project in Section 21 bears two owners. The first, the Aztec Land and Cattle Company Limited, which acquired land in 1905 through a National Forest land exchange. According to several sources, this company was one of the largest cattle companies in the United States, and owned more than two million acres throughout the west. The company dissolved in 1902, but records indicate that property in the Project area had been acquired in 1905, suggesting that the liquidated organization was dealing in land several years after dissolution. The second owner of land in Section 21 was a Thomas B Walker, who acquired land in 1903 through a National Forest land exchange. Walker was a Minnesota lumber baron (see http://www2.mnhs.org/library/findaids/00093.xml) who owned the Red River Lumber Company.



Purchases by Walker’s family owned businesses in California eventually amounted to 900,000 acres, including a series of 40 acre parcels along the Old Stage Road corridor.

These reviews showed that no mapped historic-era resources or historic places are anticipated to be impacted by construction of the Project, except for one residence located at 504 S. Old Stage Road. Impacts to historic resources during work on the transmission and distribution lines that extend into the City of Mt. Shasta are unlikely because views are limited; therefore, upgrades to the transmission and distribution lines would not detract from the visual history of the Project area.

6.4 Cultural Resources Survey and Results All field surveys were undertaken using a 100 percent reconnaissance method. The field survey of the new substation location was conducted on July 29, 2011 by POWER archaeologist Trish Webb, B.A. The linear survey of the pole replacement locations was conducted on Sept 14, 2011 by POWER archaeologist Johanna Marty, M.A. All 36 existing power poles are located in previously developed areas and had been previously graded or cleared during initial pole ground disturbing activity. Four existing access roads were also surveyed. Visibility in the right-of-way (ROW) ranged from 25 to 75 percent. An additional survey for the distribution lines that extend into the City of Mt. Shasta was conducted for the Project by POWER archaeologist Rebekka Knierim in July 2015.

Two historic-era resources were identified during these surveys. The first is a residence located within the Project area at 504 S. Old Stage Road (Site #JM-H-1). The second is an isolated remnant of a riveted steel water pipe that was probably manufactured during the historic period (#JM-ISO-1). The structure was analyzed for significance and listing on the California Register of Historical Resources by a qualified Architectural Historian, Kathleen Crawford, M.A.

6.4.1 Site #JM-H-1 The resource at 504 S. Old Stage Road was evaluated for significance by Kathleen Crawford, M.A., who is a qualified architectural historian (see Appendix D for her resume). The following has been taken and edited from her DPR523 form set (see the DPR523 form attached in Appendix C).

The structure at 504 S. Old Stage Road is a one- and two-story, asymmetrical, irregular shaped, Mid-twentieth Century Vernacular style, single-family residence. The residence is sited on an approximately 1.5 acre lot, along the north side of Old Stage Road, west of I-5, in a mixed use neighborhood which includes residential properties, undeveloped land and the PacifiCorp electrical installation.

The residence is sited within a heavily wooded rural parcel of land and is vacant. The residence includes 2,386 square feet of living space and four bedrooms, with two bathrooms. The building has a raised wood foundation, wood frame, wood vertical siding and concrete block walls, and a side gable roof with shingles and a medium eave overhang. The south façade contains wood strips that suggest Tudor Revival detailing. Overall, the residence is in fair condition. It is unknown if the window and door openings that are boarded over still contain the window and door elements or if they were removed. No other major alterations were noted.

The roof flattens out into a shed style roof on the first floor level on both the east and west facades. The shed roof section is supported by seven square posts on the west facade. A metal railing system connects the seven posts. The construction of the roof system creates a front porch/walkway area that extends across the front of the building. The main entrance on the west facade is a single wood door with a metal screen door. The roof system includes a large dormer section with a shed style roof supported by four posts. The rear, or east, façade contains two one-story sections that project outward



from the main mass of the building and contain shed roofs. The south section contains a metal framed, sliding glass door on the south façade and a wood and multiline glass door on the north façade.

Two chimneys are present on the building. The south façade contains a large chimney that is constructed of stone. The east façade contains a narrow, used brick chimney. Windows vary in size, shape and placement around the facades and include metal framed, slider style windows with wood surrounds. The windows appear to be replacements for the original windows. Many of the rear and side windows and entrances were boarded over in the December 2014 site visit.

The building includes an attached three-car garage. The garage has a concrete slab foundation, corrugated metal exterior, and a side gable roof with shingles. Three single wood doors provide access into the separate bays. Dirt and gravel driveways provide access into the property from Old Stage Road.

Additional buildings on the site include a well shed. The well shed is a small, rectangular shaped shed with painted wood horizontal siding, a front gable roof with shingles and a concrete slab foundation. Small windows are present. This building is in poor condition. An empty corrugated metal shed with a dirt floor, an empty wood frame chicken coop, and an empty wood framed storage shed are also present on the property. The adjoining property, located at 506 S. Old Stage Road, includes a vacant mobile home residence and various sheds.

Significance Evaluation The residence was evaluated utilizing the Phase I Environmental Site Assessment (ESA) conducted in January and June, 2011, and with additional resources collected in December 2014. In 2011, ENPLAN conducted a Phase I ESA of the properties located at 504 S. Old Stage Road (APN: 036-220-280) and 506 S. Old Stage Road (APN: 036-220-170). In December 2014, ENPLAN revised the Phase I ESA for both locations (ENPLAN 2014).

The site assessments revealed that the residence was undeveloped land from approximately 1897 to 1959. The single-family residence currently located on the property was built in 1960, according to the Siskiyou County Assessor’s Office records. The adjoining property, located at 506 S. Old Stage Road was improved by the addition of a mobile home at some time prior to 1972. During the 2011 survey by POWER, the property contained two residences, a detached garage, well sheds, storage sheds and chicken coops. During the December 5, 2014 site survey, the site contained two vacant residences, a garage, two well sheds, storage sheds and chicken coops. No evidence was collected to indicate that the property had been used for any agricultural purposes at any time.

A Chain of Title was prepared by California Lots Books, Inc. as part of this analysis. No records were located prior to 2006 for information related to ownership of the property. On September 8, 2006, Bernard and Cecile Steger purchased the property. The previous owner was not listed in the documentation. The Stegers held the property until PacifiCorp purchased the property on December 14, 2010.

The City of Mt. Shasta and the County of Siskiyou Assessor’s Office were contacted for information related to the property: the construction date of 1960 was confirmed by both agencies. No original building permits for the construction of the residence were located and minimal records exist for the subject property.

A review of historic aerial photographs and USGS historic quadrangle maps was undertaken on HistoricAerials.com by Ms. Crawford. The historic photographs, dated 1993, 1999, and 2005,



indicate the presence of the residence in its current location and current configuration. The historic USGS quadrangle maps were also reviewed for information. The maps were dated 1933, 1943, 1948, 1956, 1962, 1971, 1986, and 2003. The maps prior to 1962 do not indicate the presence of the residence, while the 1962 map indicates the presence of the residence and the subsequent maps confirm its continuing presence.

Integrity Statement

In regard to the seven aspects of integrity – location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling and association – the circa Mid-twentieth Century Vernacular style building on this property has retained its original location. The building has not been moved. The setting, feeling, and association have basically remained intact as a rural property. The design, materials and workmanship have been maintained. The integrity level is fair due to the removal/alteration of original doors and windows and the condition of the building is fair.

National Register of Historic Places and California Register of Historical Resources Eligibility Evaluation

The property was assessed under National Register of Historic Places Criterion A: Event and California Register of Historical Resources Criterion 1 for its potential significance as part of any historic trends or events that may have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. The building was constructed as part of the overall continuing residential development of the Siskiyou County/Mt. Shasta area which began in the 1950s and continues to the present time. No information was located to indicate that the subject property played any significant role in the history of Siskiyou County or the City of Mt. Shasta, state of California or United States. It appears to be one of hundreds of residential structures in the area with no particular role or significance. There is no significant trend or event associated with the property. Therefore, the property does not appear to meet the criteria for significance under Criterion A/1: Event.

The property was assessed under National Register of Historic Places Criterion B: Person and California Register of Historical Resources Criterion 2 for its potential significance and association with a person of importance in national history. There is no evidence to suggest that any of the persons associated with the construction or development of the subject building or the subject property were considered important in the history of the property, the City of Mt. Shasta, the County of Siskiyou, the state of California or the United States. None of the persons associated with the property appear to be historically significant at the level necessary to meet the criteria for the CRHR nor the NRHP. Therefore, the property does not appear to meet the criteria for significance under Criterion B/2: Person.

The property was assessed under National Register of Historic Places Criterion C: Architecture and California Register of Historical Resources Criterion 3 for its potential significance as a property which embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, method of construction or style of Mid-twentieth Century Vernacular architecture, represents the work of a master architect, builder or craftsman, possesses high artistic values, or represents a significant or distinguishable entity whose components lack individual distinction. To undertake a proper evaluation of this criterion requires review of certain styles and structural/historical details as discussed below.

Twentieth Century Vernacular Architectural Style

Vernacular construction is based on local needs, construction materials, and reflecting local traditions. It tends to evolve over time to reflect the environmental, cultural, technological, economic and historical context in which it exists. While often difficult to reconcile with regulatory and popular demands of the five factors mentioned, this kind of architecture still plays a role in architecture and



design, especially in local construction. The terms vernacular, folk, traditional, and popular architecture are many times used interchangeably. The type of architecture is usually constructed by persons not trained in architecture or construction. These unknown builders used local building materials and popular local designs. The building’s design may have been passed down from generation to generation, from person to person, using oral traditions.

A definition of vernacular architecture used by architectural historian Ronald Brunskill (Brunskill 2000) is as follows:

“…a building designed by an amateur without any training in design; the individual will have been guided by a series of conventions built up in his locality, paying little attention to what may be fashionable. The function of the building would be the dominant factor, aesthetic considerations, to some small degree being quite minimal. Local materials would be used as a matter of course, other materials being chosen and imported quite exceptionally…”

The Encyclopedia of Vernacular Architecture of the World (Oliver 1998) uses the following definition:

“…comprising the dwellings and all other buildings of the people. Related to their environmental contexts and available resources they are customarily owner- or community-built, utilizing traditional technologies. All forms of vernacular architecture are built to meet specific needs, accommodating the values, economics, and way of life of the cultures that produced them.”

Style of Construction: This phrase means the composition, massing, scale, materials and details that exhibit the essential physical features of a recognized architectural style. In order to determine whether this residential building exhibited the essential physical features of a recognized architectural style, the façade of the building was evaluated as an example of the Mid-twentieth Century Vernacular style of architecture. An established style of architecture contains primary and secondary characteristics that define the style and differentiates it from others. In the case of vernacular architecture, the design is fluid, reflecting local traditions and cultural developments, using local materials and sources. Therefore, the characteristics are connected to the local environment and embody local traditions and materials. As reviewed by Ms. Crawford, the property is not a good example of vernacular architecture as it does not display local traditions, materials, and design concepts. It is a random collection of materials, and does not reflect any local Mt. Shasta/Siskiyou County traditions in any way. It is in fair condition and has no elements that would define it as a good example of Mid-twentieth Century Vernacular architecture.

Type of Construction: This phrase means the form and materials clearly demonstrate, through the presence of essential physical features, a specific purpose and/or function. The building was constructed in the Mid-twentieth Century Vernacular style. As reviewed by Ms. Crawford, the building was constructed using building using standard construction techniques for residential buildings in the 1960s and does not demonstrate the primary stylistic or construction characteristics of the Mid-twentieth Century Vernacular style.

Method of Construction: This phrase means it is a rare or an important example of building practices, construction innovations, or technological advances during a specific time in history. In order for a building to qualify as a rare or an important example of building practices, construction innovations or technological advances during a specific time in history, there needs to be a clear example of an innovative, rare or unusual construction technique. As reviewed by Ms. Crawford, the building’s construction is not an example of a rare or important example of a method of construction



in 1960. No information was located to indicate that the building used any different or unusual construction techniques in its design or construction.

Period of Construction: This phrase means the age and physical features reflect the era when the specific recognized architectural style, building type, or method of construction became popular. As reviewed by Ms. Crawford, in its current condition, this c. 1960 Mid-twentieth Century Vernacular style residential building is not considered to be a good representative example of the Mid-twentieth Century Vernacular architectural style. The building does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a style, type, period, or method of Mid-twentieth Century Vernacular style construction. The residence is a standard single-family home with no distinguishing characteristics or innovative design or construction elements. The building is in fair condition and has no architectural distinction.

Materials or Craftsmanship: This phrase is a self-evident term. Due to the fact that no indigenous materials went into the construction of the building, the building is not a valuable example of the use of indigenous materials or craftsmanship.

Evaluation Summary

The subject residence is not considered to be architecturally significant under Criterion C: Architecture, as it is a poor example of the Mid-twentieth Century Vernacular style of architecture. The building’s design does not rise to a level of significance. The design and construction of the subject property does not represent the work of a master architect, builder or craftsman as no information was located to indicate who was responsible for the design or construction of the building. The residence does not possess high artistic values, or represent a significant or distinguishable entity whose components lack individual distinction. Finally, the building’s style does not rise to a level of significance to qualify for any local historic register, the CRHR nor the National Register. Therefore, the property does not appear to meet the criteria for significance under Criterion C/3: Architecture as a good example of Modern style architecture.

The property was assessed under National Register of Historic Places Criterion D: Information Potential and California Register of Historical Resources Criterion 4 for its potential significance and its ability to convey information. The property does not yield, or may not be likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history. In order for buildings, structures, or objects to be significant under Criterion D, they need to “be, or must have been, the principal source of information.” This is not the case with this property. Therefore, the property does not appear to meet the criteria for significance under Criterion D/4: Information Potential.

In summary, the property does not appear to qualify for the local Siskiyou County historic registers, the CRHR nor the National Register under any of the above criteria. Therefore, the residential building located at 504 S. Old Stage Road is not considered to be an historic resource under any of the established criteria and, therefore, is not subject to further mitigation for effect by the implementation of this Project.

6.4.2 JM-ISO JM-ISO is a fragment of a double-seamed, hand-riveted water pipe approximately 6.0 feet long and 1.5 feet in diameter. The age of the pipe is unknown; production of riveted steel pipe began in the mid-1800s. Double-riveted seams were developed at the turn of the nineteenth century (Cates 1971). This process continued until 1930, but its installation rapidly declined after 1915, due to the development of electric welding processes (Cates 1971). Therefore, this remnant dates between 1900 and 1930. A global positioning system point was marked, and photos were taken for the isolate. According to National Park Service Bulletin 15 isolated artifacts are typically not listed on the



National Register (Andrus 1990). This isolated pipe remnant does not exhibit any element of integrity and is likely a secondary deposit; therefore, it is not considered a historic resource under CEQA.



7.0 IMPACTS ASSESSMENT A project is considered to have a significant effect on the environment if it causes a substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical resource. Substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical resource means physical demolition, destruction, relocation, or alteration of the resource or its immediate surroundings such that the significance of the resource would be materially impaired or diminished. Furthermore, it is recommended by CEQA that cultural resources be preserved in situ whenever possible through avoidance of the resource. Whenever a historical resource or unique archaeological resource (PRC 21083.2) cannot be avoided by Project activities, effects must be addressed and mitigated as outlined in CEQA Guidelines § 15126.4.

The CEQA Checklist provides a common set of guidelines that set forth the significance criteria generally applied to cultural resources within the state. The checklist provides questions to be addressed using the following criteria:

• Potentially significant impact • Less than significant impact with mitigation • Less than significant impact • No impact

It is anticipated that potential impacts of the Project on historical and archaeological resources would be related to either physical damage (e.g., ground disturbance at an archaeological site caused by existing pole removal, trenching, and surface activities) or changes in the visual setting (e.g., a transmission line disrupting the view of a visually sensitive National Register/CRHR-eligible historic building). A change in visual setting would rarely be an issue for archaeological resources, but could be significant for some architectural resources and some sites of concern to Native Americans.

A) Would the project cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical resource as defined in §15064.5?

Less than Significant. A residence, constructed in 1960, is located within the Project area. Technical review of this structure by a qualified architectural historian shows that this residence should not be considered eligible for either the National Register or the CRHR. For this reason, the residence can be removed during Project construction without requiring further historical research. An isolated historical-period artifact was located during the survey, however, isolated finds whatever their age are not considered eligible for listing on the National Register or the CRHR. Based on the historic background research, there is some potential that subsurface historic-era resources could be uncovered during construction but due to the fact that the parcels have been previously disturbed during development of residences and because the new poles will be placed at or very near to the existing pole sites, POWER considers it unlikely that buried historic-era resources will be uncovered during construction. Because the house at 504 S. Old Stage Road is neither a historic property nor a historical resource, and because of the limited likelihood that historical resources in the Project area will be uncovered during construction, a finding of Less Than Significant is appropriate.

B) Would the project cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an archaeological resource pursuant to §15064.5?

No Impact. Background research did not identify previously documented archaeological resources within the proposed substation or the pole replacement locations. Based on the background research, there is some potential that subsurface archaeological resources could be uncovered during construction but due to the fact that the parcels have been previously



disturbed during development of homes and because the new poles will be placed at or very near to the existing pole sites, POWER considers it unlikely that buried archaeological resources will be uncovered during construction. For this reason, a finding of No Impact is appropriate.

C) Would the project disturb any human remains, including those interred outside of formal cemeteries?

No Impact. Background research did not identify previously documented resources containing human remains, nor was surface evidence identified during the reconnaissance survey. No recorded graves or graveyards are known within one mile of the Project site. Consultation with the NAHC and local Native American tribal organizations were negative in that these groups did not report that any human burial locations are known for this area. Because it is unlikely that human remains will be impacted by the proposed Project, a finding of No Impact is appropriate.



8.0 SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS POWER has conducted a cultural resource analysis of the proposed Lassen Project, which consists of the construction of a new substation, replacement of existing wooden poles, and demolition of the existing substation. One historical-period structure and one isolated historic-era resource were identified during the study.

The 1960 residence at 504 S. Old Stage Road (Site #JM-H-1) was evaluated by a qualified architectural historian for historic significance and recorded on a DPR523 form set for submission to the NEIC. Site #JM-H-1 does not appear to meet the significance criteria for listing on either the National Register or the CRHR. Therefore, POWER recommends that this resource is not considered a historical resource or a unique archaeological resource for the purposes of CEQA. POWER also recorded a historic-era isolated artifact and has provided a DPR523 form set for submission to the NEIC. Isolated artifacts are not considered eligible for the National Register or the CRHR.

Because of the type of construction that will take place during the Project, along with the location of necessary ground disturbing impacts, POWER considers it unlikely that intact and significant historic-era and archaeological deposits will be uncovered during construction. Monitoring by a qualified archaeologist during construction is not recommended.

During Project construction, if human remains are encountered, State Health and Safety Code Section 7050.5 states that no further disturbance shall occur until the Siskiyou County Coroner has made a determination of origin and disposition pursuant to PRC § 5097.98. The County Coroner will notify the NAHC, which will determine and notify a Most Likely Descendant (MLD). With the permission of the landowner and his/her authorized representative, the MLD may inspect the site of the discovery. The MLD shall complete the inspection within 48 hours of notification by the NAHC. The MLD may recommend scientific removal and nondestructive analysis of human remains and items associated with Native American burials.



9.0 REFERENCES Andrus, P. 1990. How to Apply the National Register Criteria for Evaluation. National Park Service.

Washington D.C.

Arnold, Keith. 2015. Siskiyou History: Sisson. Accessed online March 2015 at www.siskiyouhisotry.org/1850_story

Baumhoff, M.A. 1955. Excavation of Teh-1 (Kingsley Cave). Reports of the University of California. Archeological Survey 30:40–73.

Brunskill, R.W. 2000. Illustrated Handbook of Vernacular Architecture. Penguin Books, London

California Office of Historic Preservation (OHP). 2015. Strawberry Valley Stage Station Historical Landmark. Accessed online March 2015 at http://ohp.parks.ca.gov/Listed Resources.

Cates, Walter. 1971. History of Steel Water Pipe: Its Fabrication and Design Development. http://www.steeltank.com/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=NndJFN-bSyE%3D&tabid=94&mid=452

Elsasser, A. B. 1978. Development of Regional Prehistoric Cultures. In California, edited by R.F. Heizer, pp. 37–57. Handbook of North American Indians, Vol. 8, W.C. Sturtevant, general editor. Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C.

Elston, R.G. 1971. A Contribution to Washo Archaeology. Nevada Archaeological Survey Report Papers 2:1-144. Reno, Nevada

ENPLAN, Inc. (2015). Draft Phase I Environmental Assessment Update: 504 and 506 S. Old STrage Road. ENPLAN Project #522-03. Redding, CA.

Greatshastarailtrail. 2015. The Great Shasta Rail: McCloud River Railroad History: A Summary Report. Accessed online March 2015 at www.greatshastarailtrail.or/history/railroad-history-summary

Heizer, R.F. 1941. The Origin and Authenticity of an Atlatl Dart from Lassen County. California 1941 American Antiquity, Vol. 7, No. 2. pp. 134–141

_____. 1978. Handbook of North American Indians, Volume 8: California (Handbook of North American Indians). W.C. Sturtevant, general editor. Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C.

Historic Marker Data Base (HMdb). 2015. The Berryvale Post Office. Downloaded March 2015 from http://www.hmdb.org/marker.asp?marker=62786

Holland, R. F. 1986. Preliminary Descriptions of the Terrestrial Natural Communities of California. California Department of Fish and Game. Unpublished report.

King, C. 1978. Protohistoric and Historic Archeology. In California, edited by R.F. Heizer, pp. 58–68. Handbook of North American Indians, Vol. 8, W.C. Sturtevant, general editor. Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C.

http://www.hmdb.org/marker.asp?marker=62786



Kroeber, A. L., 1925. Handbook of Indians of California. Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin No. 78. Washington D.C.: Smithsonian Institute. Reprinted in 1976, New York: Dover Publications

Oliver, P. 1998. Encyclopedia of Vernacular Architecture of the World. Cambridge University Press, London.

Mccloudriverrailroad. 2015. History of the McCloud River Railroad 1896-1900. Accessed online March 2015 at www.mccloudriverrailroad.com/1896-1900.

Moratto, M. 2004. California Archaeology. Coyote Press, Salinas, California

National Park Service (NPS). 1995. National Park Service Bulletin: How to Apply the National Register Criteria for Evaluation. NPSB #15. U.S. Department of the Interior, on-line edition.

Office of Historic Preservation (OHP). 2011. “California Register and National Register: A Comparison” (for purposes of determining eligibility for the California Register). California Office of Historic Preservation, Technical Assistance Series #6. OHP, Sacramento.

POWER Engineers, Inc. (POWER). 2010. PacifiCorp Transmission Line Pole Replacement Project: Biological Resources Survey. Happy Camp, Siskiyou County, CA. May 2010

Siskiyou County. 2015a. Siskiyou Trail. Accessed online March 2015 at www.siskiyou-county-online.com/SiskiyouTrail.

_____. 2015b. Mount Shasta. Accessed online March 2015 at www.siskiyou-county-oline.com/Mount_Shasta.

Siskiyou County Sesquicentennial Committee (SCSC). 2002. www.siskiyouhistory.org

Trainweb. 2015. McCloud Rails: McCloud River Lumber Company. Accessed online March 2015 at www.trainweb.org/mccloudrails.

Vaughn, T. 1996. Lumber Operations at the Pioneer and Barnard Spurs (1887-1930), Mt. Shasta, Siskiyou County, California: An Historical Context for Logging Sites Recorded in the Headwaters of Shasta-Trinity National Forests. Submitted to Shasta-trinity National Forests. Contract number 53-9428-5-1N98.

Wallace, W.J. 1978. Post-Pleistocene Archeology, 9000 to 2000 B.C. in California. Edited by R.F. Heizer, pp. 25–36. Handbook of North American Indians, Vol. 8, W.C. Sturtevant, general editor. Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C.


ANA 130-227 (PER 02) PACIFICORP (09/16/2015) 136412 YU APPENDIX A

APPENDIX A PHOTOGRAPHS TAKEN DURING THE SURVEY

Photograph 1: Typical view of the Project area.

Photograph 2: East façade of the home at 504 S. Old Stage Road.


ANA 130-227 (PER 02) PACIFICORP (09/16/2015) 136412 YU APPENDIX A

Photograph 3: South façade of the home at 504 S Old Stage Road.

Photograph 4: View of isolated “JH-2” pipe remnant, which was recorded as an

historic isolate.


ANA 130-227 (PER 02) PACIFICORP (09/16/2015) 136412 YU APPENDIX B

APPENDIX B NATIVE AMERICAN CONSULTATION



CONVERSATION TRACKER FOR LASSEN SUBSTATION PROJECT

NAHC-LISTED TRIBE TO CONTACT

NAME OF CONTACT LETTER SENT LETTER RECEIVED RESPONSE CALL

DATE TIME OF

CALL PHONE

NUMBER NOTES RESULT

Quartz Valley Indian Community Harold Bennett, Chairperson 10/28/11 10/11 530.468.5907 No response

Quartz Valley Indian Community

Evette Lewis, Cultural Resources Coordinator 10/28/11 10/11 530.468.5907 No response


Rebekah Sluss, Environmental Coordinator 10/28/11 10/11 530.468.5907 No response

Shasta Indian Nation Athena Calico, Vice Chairperson 10/28/11 10/11 530.397.3055 No response

Shasta Nation Mary Carpelan, Cultural and Archaeological Resources 10/28/11 10/11 530.842.5654 No response

Shasta Nation Roy V. Hall, Jr. Chairperson 10/28/11 10/11 530.842.5654 No response

Quartz Valley Indian Community Aaron Peters, Chairperson 12/08/14 NA

No return receipt as of 12/30/14; Letter rejected 1212/31/14

12/30/14 AM 530.468.5907 Called tribal office and was told that Aaron Peters is no longer the Chairperson. The current Chairperson is Harold Bennett. No response


Evette Lewis, Cultural Resources Coordinator 12/08/14 NA

Certified letter rejected, Lewis no longer works there

530.468.5907 NA No response


Rebekah Sluss, Environmental Coordinator 12/08/14 12/10/14 01/02/15 AM 530.468.5907

Left voice mail message regarding project on general number provided. I left message asking if there were any anticipated comments responses to the letter we had sent.

No response

Shasta Indian Nation Sami Jo Difuntorum, Cultural Resources 12/09/14 12/15/14 01/02/15 AM 530.643.2463 (c) See Butte Valley Indian Community contact No response

Shasta Nation Mary Carpelan, Cultural And Archaeological Resources 12/08/14 12/11/14 01/02/15 AM 530.842.5654

Talked to Ms. Carpelan directly and she had not seen the letter as she has been away from the office. I asked if she would be interested in receiving the letter via email and she responded affirmatively.

Emailed a copy of the letter 01/02/15 to her personal email account. No response regardless.

Shasta Nation Roy V. Hall Jr., Chairperson 12/08/14 12/11/14 12/30/14 AM 530.468.2314 Left voice mail message briefly stating the nature of the call and requesting a call back if any comments were anticiapted No response

Butte Valley Indian Community Sami Jo Difuntoum 12/09/14 12/?/14 01/02/15 AM 530.643.2463

Left voice mail message requesting a return call if any comments were anticipated. Used this number for Ms. Difuntorum regarding both the Butte Valley Indian Community and the Shasta Nation

No response

BOI 130-251 (PER 02 02 05) 136412 (12/8/2014) PF

2041 SOUTH COBALT POINT WAY MERIDIAN, ID 83642 USA

PHONE FAX

208-288-6100 208-288-6199

December 8, 2014 Aaron Peters, Chairperson Quartz Valley Indian Community 13601 Quartz Valley Road Fort Jones, CA 96032 Subject: Proposed PacifiCorp Lassen Substation Project, Siskiyou County, California Dear: Mr. Peters POWER Engineers, Inc. (POWER) is sending you a letter on behalf of PacifiCorp to inform you of the proposed Lassen Substation Project, which has been proposed for construction in Siskiyou County, California. Your predecessor at the Quartz Valley Indian Community received a letter regarding this project dated October 28, 2011. The project description remains the same with the exception of one additional parcel located adjacent to the proposed substation. We also request information you are willing to share regarding Native American cultural resources in the project area as well as any comments of concerns you may have about the project in general. The information you provide will be considered during project planning and design. PacifiCorp plans to replace the existing Mt. Shasta substation with a new substation, the Lassen Substation (Project) as well as upgrading 36 existing wood transmission poles in an unincorporated part of Siskiyou County within the sphere of influence of the City of Mount Shasta, California. The physical address for the proposed site for the new substation is 504 South Old Stage Road, Mt. Shasta, California. The property is identified as Siskiyou County Assessor’s Parcel Numbers (APNs) 036-220-280 and 036-220-170. The legal description of the project is Sections 16, 17, and 21 of Township 40 N, Range 4W, Mt. Diablo Base Meridian of the City of Mount Shasta Quadrangle of the U.S. Geological Survey’s 7.5-Minute Topographic Series. Please see the enclosed map. We look forward to hearing from you, Mr. Peters. If you have any questions or desire additional information, please do not hesitate to contact either of us at your convenience: Molly Humphreys at (208) 288-6296 [email protected] or Kim Quinn at (714) 507-2730 [email protected]. Sincerely,

Molly Humphreys, M.A. Cultural Resource Specialist c: DMS 136412 PER 02 02 05

mailto:[email protected]


BOI 130-252 (PER 02 02 05) 136412 (12/8/2014) PF


PHONE FAX

208-288-6100 208-288-6199

December 8, 2014 Evette Lewis, Cultural Resources Coordinator Quartz Valley Indian Community 13601 Quartz Valley Road Fort Jones, CA 96032 Subject: Proposed PacifiCorp Lassen Substation Project, Siskiyou County, California Dear: Ms. Lewis POWER Engineers, Inc. (POWER) is sending you a letter on behalf of PacifiCorp to inform you of the proposed Lassen Substation Project, which has been proposed for construction in Siskiyou County, California. You received a letter regarding this project dated October 28, 2011. The project description remains the same with the exception of one additional parcel located adjacent to the proposed substation. We also request information you are willing to share regarding Native American cultural resources in the project area as well as any comments of concerns you may have about the project in general. The information you provide will be considered during project planning and design. PacifiCorp plans to replace the existing Mt. Shasta substation with a new substation, the Lassen Substation (Project) as well as upgrading 36 existing wood transmission poles in an unincorporated part of Siskiyou County within the sphere of influence of the City of Mount Shasta, California. The physical address for the proposed site for the new substation is 504 South Old Stage Road, Mt. Shasta, California. The property is identified as Siskiyou County Assessor’s Parcel Numbers (APNs) 036-220-280 and 036-220-170. The legal description of the project is Sections 16, 17, and 21 of Township 40 N, Range 4W, Mt. Diablo Base Meridian of the City of Mount Shasta Quadrangle of the U.S. Geological Survey’s 7.5-Minute Topographic Series. Please see the enclosed map. We look forward to hearing from you, Ms. Lewis. If you have any questions or desire additional information, please do not hesitate to contact either of us at your convenience: Molly Humphreys at (208) 288-6296 [email protected] or Kim Quinn at (714) 507-2730 [email protected]. Sincerely,

Molly Humphreys, M.A. Cultural Resource Specialist c: DMS PER 02 02 05 136412



BOI 130-253 (PER 02 02 05) 136412 (12/8/2014) PF


PHONE FAX

208-288-6100 208-288-6199

December 8, 2014 Rebekah Sluss, Environmental Coordinator Quartz Valley Indian Community 13601 Quartz Valley Road Fort Jones, CA 96032 Subject: Proposed PacifiCorp Lassen Substation Project, Siskiyou County, California Dear: Ms. Sluss POWER Engineers, Inc. (POWER) is sending you a letter on behalf of PacifiCorp to inform you of the proposed Lassen Substation Project, which has been proposed for construction in Siskiyou County, California. You received a letter regarding this project dated October 28, 2011. The project description remains the same with the exception of one additional parcel located adjacent to the proposed substation. We also request information you are willing to share regarding Native American cultural resources in the project area as well as any comments of concerns you may have about the project in general. The information you provide will be considered during project planning and design. PacifiCorp plans to replace the existing Mt. Shasta substation with a new substation, the Lassen Substation (Project) as well as upgrading 36 existing wood transmission poles in an unincorporated part of Siskiyou County within the sphere of influence of the City of Mount Shasta, California. The physical address for the proposed site for the new substation is 504 South Old Stage Road, Mt. Shasta, California. The property is identified as Siskiyou County Assessor’s Parcel Numbers (APNs) 036-220-280 and 036-220-170. The legal description of the project is Sections 16, 17, and 21 of Township 40 N, Range 4W, Mt. Diablo Base Meridian of the City of Mount Shasta Quadrangle of the U.S. Geological Survey’s 7.5-Minute Topographic Series. Please see the enclosed map. We look forward to hearing from you, Ms. Sluss. If you have any questions or desire additional information, please do not hesitate to contact either of us at your convenience: Molly Humphreys at (208) 288-6296 [email protected] or Kim Quinn at (714) 507-2730 [email protected]. Sincerely,




BOI 130-254 (PER 02 02 05) 136412 (12/8/2014) PF


PHONE FAX

208-288-6100 208-288-6199

December 8, 2014 Mary Carpelan, Cultural & Archaeological Resources Shasta Nation P.O. Box 1054 Yreka, CA 96097 Subject: Proposed PacifiCorp Lassen Substation Project, Siskiyou County, California Dear: Ms. Carpelan POWER Engineers, Inc. (POWER) is sending you a letter on behalf of PacifiCorp to inform you of the proposed Lassen Substation Project, which has been proposed for construction in Siskiyou County, California. You received a letter regarding this project dated October 28, 2011. The project description remains the same with the exception of one additional parcel located adjacent to the proposed substation. We also request information you are willing to share regarding Native American cultural resources in the project area as well as any comments of concerns you may have about the project in general. The information you provide will be considered during project planning and design. PacifiCorp plans to replace the existing Mt. Shasta substation with a new substation, the Lassen Substation (Project) as well as upgrading 36 existing wood transmission poles in an unincorporated part of Siskiyou County within the sphere of influence of the City of Mount Shasta, California. The physical address for the proposed site for the new substation is 504 South Old Stage Road, Mt. Shasta, California. The property is identified as Siskiyou County Assessor’s Parcel Numbers (APNs) 036-220-280 and 036-220-170. The legal description of the project is Sections 16, 17, and 21 of Township 40 N, Range 4W, Mt. Diablo Base Meridian of the City of Mount Shasta Quadrangle of the U.S. Geological Survey’s 7.5-Minute Topographic Series. Please see the enclosed map. We look forward to hearing from you, Ms. Carpelan. If you have any questions or desire additional information, please do not hesitate to contact either of us at your convenience: Molly Humphreys at (208) 288-6296 [email protected] or Kim Quinn at (714) 507-2730 [email protected]. Sincerely,




BOI 130-255 (PER 02 02 05) 136412 (12/8/2014) PF


PHONE FAX

208-288-6100 208-288-6199

December 8, 2014 Roy V. Hall, Jr., Chairperson Shasta Nation P.O. Box 1054 Yreka, CA 96097 Subject: Proposed PacifiCorp Lassen Substation Project, Siskiyou County, California Dear: Mr. Hall POWER Engineers, Inc. (POWER) is sending you a letter on behalf of PacifiCorp to inform you of the proposed Lassen Substation Project, which has been proposed for construction in Siskiyou County, California. You received a letter regarding this project dated October 28, 2011. The project description remains the same with the exception of one additional parcel located adjacent to the proposed substation. We also request information you are willing to share regarding Native American cultural resources in the project area as well as any comments of concerns you may have about the project in general. The information you provide will be considered during project planning and design. PacifiCorp plans to replace the existing Mt. Shasta substation with a new substation, the Lassen Substation (Project) as well as upgrading 36 existing wood transmission poles in an unincorporated part of Siskiyou County within the sphere of influence of the City of Mount Shasta, California. The physical address for the proposed site for the new substation is 504 South Old Stage Road, Mt. Shasta, California. The property is identified as Siskiyou County Assessor’s Parcel Numbers (APNs) 036-220-280 and 036-220-170. The legal description of the project is Sections 16, 17, and 21 of Township 40 N, Range 4W, Mt. Diablo Base Meridian of the City of Mount Shasta Quadrangle of the U.S. Geological Survey’s 7.5-Minute Topographic Series. Please see the enclosed map. We look forward to hearing from you, Mr. Hall. If you have any questions or desire additional information, please do not hesitate to contact either of us at your convenience: Molly Humphreys at (208) 288-6296 [email protected] or Kim Quinn at (714) 507-2730 [email protected]. Sincerely,




BOI 130-255 (PER 02 02 05) 136412 (12/9/2014) PF


PHONE FAX

208-288-6100 208-288-6199

December 9, 2014 Sami Jo Difuntorum, Cultural Resources Shasta Nation P.O. Box 634 Newport, OR 97365 Subject: Proposed PacifiCorp Lassen Substation Project, Siskiyou County, California Dear: Ms. Difuntorum, POWER Engineers, Inc. (POWER) is sending you a letter on behalf of PacifiCorp to inform you of the proposed Lassen Substation Project, which has been proposed for construction in Siskiyou County, California. Representatives from the Shasta Nation received a letter regarding this project dated October 28, 2011. The project description remains the same with the exception of one additional parcel located adjacent to the proposed substation. We also request information you are willing to share regarding Native American cultural resources in the project area as well as any comments of concerns you may have about the project in general. The information you provide will be considered during project planning and design. PacifiCorp plans to replace the existing Mt. Shasta substation with a new substation, the Lassen Substation (Project) as well as upgrading 36 existing wood transmission poles in an unincorporated part of Siskiyou County within the sphere of influence of the City of Mount Shasta, California. The physical address for the proposed site for the new substation is 504 South Old Stage Road, Mt. Shasta, California. The property is identified as Siskiyou County Assessor’s Parcel Numbers (APNs) 036-220-280 and 036-220-170. The legal description of the project is Sections 16, 17, and 21 of Township 40 N, Range 4W, Mt. Diablo Base Meridian of the City of Mount Shasta Quadrangle of the U.S. Geological Survey’s 7.5-Minute Topographic Series. Please see the enclosed map. We look forward to hearing from you, Ms. Difuntorum. If you have any questions or desire additional information, please do not hesitate to contact either of us at your convenience: Molly Humphreys at (208) 288-6296 [email protected] or Kim Quinn at (714) 507-2730 [email protected]. Sincerely,

Molly Humphreys, M.A. Cultural Resource Specialist c: DMS (PER 02 02 05) 136412 (12/09/2014)



BOI 130-256 (PER 02 02 05) 136412 (12/9/2014) PF


PHONE FAX

208-288-6100 208-288-6199

December 9, 2014 Sami Jo Difuntorum, Administrator Butte Valley Indian Community P.O. Box 100 Macdoel, CA 96058 Subject: Proposed PacifiCorp Lassen Substation Project, Siskiyou County, California Dear: Ms. Difuntorum, POWER Engineers, Inc. (POWER) is sending you a letter on behalf of PacifiCorp to inform you of the proposed Lassen Substation Project, which has been proposed for construction in Siskiyou County, California. We also request information you are willing to share regarding Native American cultural resources in the project area as well as any comments of concerns you may have about the project in general. The information you provide will be considered during project planning and design. PacifiCorp plans to replace the existing Mt. Shasta substation with a new substation, the Lassen Substation (Project) as well as upgrading 36 existing wood transmission poles in an unincorporated part of Siskiyou County within the sphere of influence of the City of Mount Shasta, California. The physical address for the proposed site for the new substation is 504 South Old Stage Road, Mt. Shasta, California. The property is identified as Siskiyou County Assessor’s Parcel Numbers (APNs) 036-220-280 and 036-220-170. The legal description of the project is Sections 16, 17, and 21 of Township 40 N, Range 4W, Mt. Diablo Base Meridian of the City of Mount Shasta Quadrangle of the U.S. Geological Survey’s 7.5-Minute Topographic Series. Please see the enclosed map. We look forward to hearing from you, Ms. Difuntorum. If you have any questions or desire additional information, please do not hesitate to contact either of us at your convenience: Molly Humphreys at (208) 288-6296 [email protected] or Kim Quinn at (714) 507-2730 [email protected]. Sincerely,





ANA 130-227 (PER 02) PACIFICORP (09/16/2015) 136412 YU APPENDIX C

APPENDIX C DPR523 FORM SET

State of California Primary #_____________ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION HRI #_________________ PRIMARY RECORD Trinomial______________ NRHP Status Code__6Z__ Other Listings ______________________________ Review Code______Reviewer_______Date______ *Page _1__ of ___17 *Resource Name or #: 504 South Old Stage Road, Mount Shasta, CA 96067 *P1. Other Identifier: PacifiCorp Property *P2: Location: Not for publication Unrestricted X a. County: Siskiyou And (P2b and P2c or P2d. Attach a location map as necessary.) *b. USGS Quad Mount Shasta *Date: 1975 T; R; ¼ of ¼ of Sec. ______ B.M.__________ c. Address: 504 South Old Stage Road City: Mount Shasta Zip: 96067 d. UTM: (Give more than one large or linear resources) Zone: Me/ mN e. Other Locational Data (e.g. parcel #, directions to resource, elevation, etc. as appropriate); APN: 036-220-280, Parcels 1, 2, 3, Section 21, Township 40 North, Range 4 West *P3a. Description (Describe resource and its major elements, include design, materials, condition, alterations, size, setting and boundaries.) The subject property is a one- and two-story, asymmetrical, irregular shaped, Mid-20th Century Vernacular style, single-family residence. The residence is sited on an approximately 1.5 acre lot, along the north side of South Old Stage Road, west of Interstate 5 in a mixed use neighborhood which includes residential properties, undeveloped land and the PacifiCorp electrical installation. See Continuation Sheets for further information. *P3b. Resource Attributes: (List attributes and codes) HP 2: Signle-family Building

P4. Resources Present: Building X Structure Object Site District Element of District P5b. Description of Photo: (View, date Accessions #) View E /12/05/2014 *P6. Date Constructed/Age and Source Historic X Prehistoric Both c. 1960/Siskiyou County Assessor’s Records *P7 Address: PacifiCorp,, 825 NE Multonomah #100, Portland, Oregon *P8: Recorded by: (Name, Affiliation, Address) K.A. Crawford, Crawford Historic Services, P.O. Box 634, La Mesa, CA *P9. Date Recorded: 01/15/2015 *P10. Type of Survey: (Describe) Intensive *P11: Report Citation (Cite Survey Report and other sources, or enter “None”.) None *Attachments: None Location Map Sketch Map Continuation Sheet X Building, Structure and Object Record X Archaeological Record District Record Liner Resource Record Milling Station Record Rock Art Record Artifact Record Photograph Record Other (List):

State of California – The Resource Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION CONTINUATION SHEET Primary # __________________________________ HRI#______________________________________ Trinomial___________________________________ Page 3 of 17 *Resource Name or # (Assigned by recorder) 504 South Old Stage Road, Mount Shasta, CA 96067 *Recorded by K.A. Crawford/Crawford Historic Services Date January 15, 2015 Continuation X Update *P3a. Description (Continued from Page 1/Primary Form) Photographs of the subject property were taken in both 2011 and 2014. The following description is based on both sets of photographs. The vacant single-family residence includes 2,386 square feet of living space. The residence is sited within a heavily wooded rural parcel of land. The one- and two-story residence includes four bedrooms, and two bathrooms. The building has a raised wood foundation, wood frame, wood vertical siding and concrete block walls, and a side gable roof with shingles and a medium eave overhang. The south façade contains wood strips that suggest Tudor Revival detailing. The roof flattens out into a shed style roof on the first floor level on both the east and west facades. The shed roof section is supported by seven square posts on the west facade. A metal railing system connects the seven posts. The construction of the roof system creates a front porch/walkway area that extends across the front of the building. The main entrance on the west facade is a single wood door with a metal screen door. The roof system includes a large dormer section with a shed style roof supported by four posts. Two chimneys are present on the building. The south façade contains a large chimney that is constructed of stone. The east façade contains a narrow, used brick chimney. The rear, or east, façade contains two, one-story sections that project outward from the main mass of the building and contain shed roofs. The south section contains a metal framed, sliding glass door on the south façade and a wood and multiline glass door on the north façade. Windows vary in size, shape and placement around the facades and include metal framed, slider style windows with wood surrounds. The windows appear to be replacements for the original windows. Many of the rear and side windows and entrances were boarded over in the December 2014 site visit. The building includes an attached three-car garage. The garage has a concrete slab foundation, corrugated metal exterior, and a side gable roof with shingles. Three single wood doors provide access into the separate bays. Dirt and gravel driveways provide access into the property from South Old Stage Road. The residence is in fair condition. It is unknown if the window and door openings that are boarded over still contain the window and door elements or if they were removed. No other major alterations were noted. Additional buildings on the site include a well shed. The well shed is a small, rectangular shaped shed with painted wood horizontal siding, a front gable roof with shingles and a concrete slab foundation. Small windows are present. The building is in poor condition.

State of California – The Resource Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION CONTINUATION SHEET Primary # __________________________________ HRI#______________________________________ Trinomial___________________________________ Page 4 of 17 *Resource Name or # (Assigned by recorder) 504 South Old Stage Road, Mount Shasta, CA 96067 *Recorded by K.A. Crawford/Crawford Historic Services Date January 15, 2015 Continuation X Update *P3a. Description (Continued from Page 3) An empty corrugated metal shed with a dirt floor, an empty wood frame chicken coop and an empty wood framed storage shed are present on the property. The adjoining property, located at 506 South Old Stage Road, includes a vacant mobile home residence and various sheds. *B 10. Significance (Continued from Page 2/BSO Form) Siskiyou County History The County of Siskiyou is located in the Shasta Cascade region in Northern California along the Oregon border. Due to its Gold Rush era history and mountain recreation areas, the region is popular with tourists. Siskiyou County was created in 52, from parts of Shasta and Klamath Counties. Parts of the county’s territory were transferred to Modoc County in 55. One of the main elements in the county is the Siskiyou Trail, a collection of Native American footpaths connecting the Central Valley to the Pacific Northwest. Gold was discovered in nearby Yreka in the 50s, the Central Pacific Railroad was completed in the 80s, and large numbers of new residents settled in the county to engage in gold mining, lumbering, and tourism related activities. City of Mount Shasta History The city of Mount Shasta is located at approximately 3,600 feet above sea level, on the flanks of Mount Shasta, a prominent Northern California landmark. The area was originally settled by Native American tribes. During the 20s, Anglo-European trappers and traders passed through the area by traveling along the Siskiyou Trail. The Siskiyou Trail was a network of ancient Native American footpaths connecting California and the Pacific Northwest. The discovery of gold in nearby Yreka in 51 brought scores of newcomers to the area in search of gold. Some of the unsuccessful gold miners settled in the Mount Shasta area. Pioneer Ross McCloud built one of the first lumber mills in the area. The completion of a stagecoach road between Yreka and Upper Soda Springs in the late 50s led to the building of Sisson’s Hotel. The hotel became a popular resting place for stagecoach travelers and for people wishing to climb Mount Shasta. The area where the town began was first known as Strawberry Valley and later as Berryvale. The first post office was opened as the Berryvale Post Office in 70. The name was changed in 86 to Sisson, named for local resident Justin Hinkley Sisson, builder of the hotel and

State of California – The Resource Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION CONTINUATION SHEET Primary # __________________________________ HRI#______________________________________ Trinomial___________________________________ Page 5 of 17 *Resource Name or # (Assigned by recorder) 504 South Old Stage Road, Mount Shasta, CA 96067 *Recorded by K.A. Crawford/Crawford Historic Services Date January 15, 2015 Continuation X Update *B 10. Significance (Continued from Page 4) tavern. He also donated the land for the townsite and the Central Pacific Railroad in 86. The Central Pacific Railroad was completed in 87 and was sited along the path of the old Siskiyou Trail. The arrival of the train system dramatically increased the rise of tourism, lumbering, and population in the area. By the turn of the twentieth century, a large influx of Italian immigrants brought increased diversity to the region. Most of these new residents found employment in the lumber industry, the major economic development of the area. The city was incorporated in 1905. The name of the city as the “City of Mount Shasta” was formally finalized in 1925. The area grew slowly. The 2000 census counted 3,621 residents. Steger Residence/504 South Old Stage Road History The subject property was evaluated in January and June, 2011 and again in December 2014. In 2011, ENLAN conducted a Phase I Environmental Site Assessment of the properties located at 504 South Old Stage Road (APN: 036-220-280) and 506 South Old Stage Road (APN: 036-220-170). In December 2014, Power Engineers conducted a Phase I Environmental Assessment Survey on both properties. Research into the property’s background revealed that the subject property was undeveloped land from approximately 97 to 1959. The single-family residence currently located on the property was built in 1960, according to the Siskiyou County Assessor’s Office records. The adjoining property, located at 506 South Old Stage Road was improved by the addition of a mobile home at some time prior to 1972. During the 2011 survey, the property contained two residences, a detached garage, well sheds, storage sheds and chicken coops. No evidence was located to indicate that the property had been used for any agricultural purposes at any time. During the December 5, 2014 site survey, the site contained two vacant residences, a garage, two well sheds, storage sheds and chicken coops. The property is situated along the north side of South Old Stage Road, west of Interstate 5. The property is located in a mixed use area of single-family residences, undeveloped land, and electric utility installation. Dirt and gravel driveways lead to the property. A Chain of Title was prepared by California Lots Books, Inc. No records were located prior to 2006 for information related to ownership of the property. On September 8, 2006, Bernard and Cecile Steger purchased the property. The previous owner was not listed in the documentation.

State of California – The Resource Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION CONTINUATION SHEET Primary # __________________________________ HRI#______________________________________ Trinomial___________________________________ Page 6 of 17 *Resource Name or # (Assigned by recorder) 504 South Old Stage Road, Mount Shasta, CA 96067 *Recorded by K.A. Crawford/Crawford Historic Services Date January 15, 2015 Continuation X Update *B 10. Significance (Continued from Page 5) The Stegers held the property until PacifiCorp purchased the property on December 14, 2010. The building was used as a single-family residence from the time of its construction in 1960 until 2010 when it was purchased by PacifCorp. The PacifiCorp constructed an electrical installation facility on the property. The residence and associated buildings have been vacant since 2010. The City of Mount Shasta and the County of Siskiyou Assessor’s Office were contacted for information related to the property. The property is considered to be in the County of Siskiyou. The construction date of 1960 was confirmed by both agencies. No original building permits for the construction of the residence were located. Minimal records exist for the subject property. A review of historic aerial photographs and United States Geographic Survey (USGS) historic quadrangle maps was undertaken on HistoricAerials.com. The historic photographs, dated 1993, 1999, and 2005, indicate the presence of the subject property in its current location and current configuration. The historic USGS quadrangle maps were also reviewed for information. The maps were dated 1933, 1943, 1948, 1956, 1962, 1971, 1986, and 2003. The maps prior to 1962 do not indicate the presence of the subject property. The 1962 map indicates the presence of the residence and the subsequent maps confirm its continuing presence. No other significant information regarding the subject property and its development was located from other sources. Integrity Statement In regard to the seven aspects of integrity – location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling and association – the c. Mid-20th Century Vernacular style building on this property has retained its original location. The building has not been moved. The setting, feeling, and association have basically remained intact as a rural property. The design, materials and workmanship have been maintained. The integrity level is fair due to the removal/alteration of original doors and windows and the condition of the building is fair. National Register of Historic Places Eligibility Evaluation The property was assessed under National Register of Historic Places Criterion A:

State of California – The Resource Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION CONTINUATION SHEET Primary # __________________________________ HRI#______________________________________ Trinomial___________________________________ Page 7 of 17 *Resource Name or # (Assigned by recorder) 504 South Old Stage Road, Mount Shasta, CA 96067 *Recorded by K.A. Crawford/Crawford Historic Services Date January 15, 2015 Continuation X Update *B 10. Significance (Continued from Page 6) Event/State of California Historic Register Criterion 1 for its potential significance as part of any historic trends or events that may have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. The building was constructed as part of the overall continuing residential development of the Siskiyou County/Mount Shasta area which began in the 50s and continues to the present time. No information was located to indicate that the subject property played any significant role in the history of Siskiyou County or the city of Mount Shasta, State of California or United States. It appears to be one of hundreds of residential structures in the area with no particular role or significance. There is no significant trend or event associated with the property. Therefore, the property does not appear to meet the criteria for significance under Criterion A/1: Event. The property was assessed under National Register of Historic Places Criterion B: Person and State of California Historic Register Criterion 2 for its potential significance and association with a person of importance in national history. There is no evidence to suggest that any of the persons associated with the construction or development of the subject building or the subject property were considered important in the history of the property, the City of Mount Shasta, the County of Siskiyou, the State of California or the United States. None of the persons associated with the property appear to be historically significant at the level necessary to meet the criteria for the local historic registers, State of California Historic Register, or the National Register of Historic Places. Therefore, the property does not appear to meet the criteria for significance under Criterion B/2: Person. The property was assessed under National Register of Historic Places Criterion C: Architecture/State of California Historic Register Criterion 3 for its potential significance as a property which embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, method of construction or style of Mid-20th Century Vernacular architecture, represents the work of a master architect, builder or craftsman, possesses high artistic values, or represents a significant or distinguishable entity whose components lack individual distinction. 20th Century Vernacular Architectural Style

Vernacular construction is based on local needs, construction materials, and reflecting local traditions. It tends to evolve over time to reflect the environmental, cultural, technological, economic and historical context in which it exists. While often difficult to reconcile with regulatory and popular demands of the five factors mentioned, this kind of architecture still plays a role in architecture and design, especially in local construction.

State of California – The Resource Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION CONTINUATION SHEET Primary # __________________________________ HRI#______________________________________ Trinomial___________________________________ Page 8 of 17 *Resource Name or # (Assigned by recorder) 504 South Old Stage Road, Mount Shasta, CA 96067 *Recorded by K.A. Crawford/Crawford Historic Services Date January 15, 2015 Continuation X Update *B 10. Significance (Continued from Page 7) The terms vernacular, folk, traditional, and popular architecture are many times used interchangeably. The type of architecture is usually constructed by persons not trained in architecture or construction. These unknown builders used local building materials and popular local designs. The building’s design may have been passed down from generation to generation, from person to person, using oral traditions. A definition of vernacular architecture used by architectural historian Ronald Brunskill is as follows: “…a building designed by an amateur without any training in design; the individual will have been guided by a series of conventions built up in his locality, paying little attention to what may be fashionable. The function of the building would be the dominant factor, aesthetic considerations, to some small degree being quite minimal. Local materials would be used as a matter of course, other materials being chosen and imported quite exceptionally…” The Encyclopedia of Vernacular Architecture of the World uses the following definition: “…comprising the dwellings and all other buildings of the people. Related to their environmental contexts and available resources they are customarily owner- or community-built, utilizing traditional technologies. All forms of vernacular architecture are built to meet specific needs, accommodating the values, economics, and way of life of the cultures that produced them.” “Style of construction” means the composition, massing, scale, materials and details that exhibit the essential physical features of a recognized architectural style. In order to determine whether this residential building exhibited the essential physical features of a recognized architectural style, the façade of the building was evaluated as an example of the Mid-20th Century Vernacular style of architecture. An established style of architecture contains primary and secondary characteristics that define the style and differentiates it from others. In the case of vernacular architecture, the design is fluid, reflecting local traditions and cultural developments, using local materials and sources. Therefore, the characteristics are connected to the local environment and embody local traditions and materials. The subject property is not a good example of vernacular architecture as it does not display local traditions, materials, and design concepts. It is a random collection of materials, and does not reflect any local Mount Shasta/Siskiyou County traditions in any way. It is in fair condition and has no elements that would define it as a good example of Mid-20th Century Vernacular architecture.

State of California – The Resource Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION CONTINUATION SHEET Primary # __________________________________ HRI#______________________________________ Trinomial___________________________________ Page 9 of 17 *Resource Name or # (Assigned by recorder) 504 South Old Stage Road, Mount Shasta, CA 96067 *Recorded by K.A. Crawford/Crawford Historic Services Date January 15, 2015 Continuation X Update *B 10. Significance (Continued from Page 8) “Type of construction” means the form and materials clearly demonstrate, through the presence of essential physical features, a specific purpose and/or function. The building was constructed in the Mid-20th Century Vernacular style. The building was constructed using building using standard construction techniques for residential buildings in the 1960s and does not demonstrate the primary stylistic or construction characteristics of the Mid-20th Century Vernacular style. “Method of construction” means it is a rare or an important example of building practices, construction innovations, or technological advances during a specific time in history. In order for a building to qualify as a rare or an important example of building practices, construction innovations or technological advances during a specific time in history, there needs to be a clear example of an innovative, rare or unusual construction technique. The building’s construction is not an example of a rare or important example of a method of construction in 1960. No information was located to indicate that the building used any different or unusual construction techniques in it s design or construction. “Period of construction” means the age and physical features reflect the era when the specific recognized architectural style, building type, or method of construction became popular. In its current condition, this c. 1960 Mid- 20th Century Vernacular style residential building is not considered to be a good representative example of the Mid-20th Century Vernacular architectural style. The building does not embody the distinctive characteristics of a style, type, period, or method of Mid-20th Century Vernacular style construction. The residence is a standard single-family home with no distinguishing characteristics or innovative design or construction elements. The building is in fair condition and has no architectural distinction. Due to the fact that no indigenous materials went into the construction of the building, the building is not a valuable example of the use of indigenous materials or craftsmanship. The subject residence is not considered to be architecturally significant under Criterion C: Architecture as it is a poor example of the Mid-20th Century Vernacular style of architecture. The building’s design does not rise to a level of significance. The design and construction of the subject property does not represent the work of a master architect, builder or craftsman as no information was located to indicate who was responsible

State of California – The Resource Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION CONTINUATION SHEET Primary # __________________________________ HRI#______________________________________ Trinomial___________________________________ Page 10 of 17 *Resource Name or # (Assigned by recorder) 504 South Old Stage Road, Mount Shasta, CA 96067 *Recorded by K.A. Crawford/Crawford Historic Services Date January 15, 2015 Continuation X Update *B 10. Significance (Continued from Page 9) for the design or construction of the building. The residence does not possess high artistic values, or represent a significant or distinguishable entity whose components lack individual distinction. The building’s style does not rise to a level of significance to qualify for the local historic register, the State of California Historic Register or the National Register of Historic Places.. Therefore, the property does not appear to meet the criteria for significance under Criterion C/3: Architecture as a good example of Modern style architecture. The property was assessed under National Register of Historic Places Criterion D: Information Potential/State of California Historic Register Criterion 4 for its potential significance and its ability to convey information. The property does not yield, or may not be likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history. In order for buildings, structures, or objects to be significant under Criterion D, they need to “be, or must have been, the principal source of information.” This is not the case with this property. Therefore, the property does not appear to meet the criteria for significance under Criterion D/4: Information Potential. In summary, the property does not appear to qualify for the local Siskiyou County historic registers, the State of California Historic Register or the National Register of Historic Places under any of the above criteria. Therefore, the residential building located at 504 South Old Stage Road is not considered to be an historic resource under any of the established criteria.

State of California – The Resource Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION CONTINUATION SHEET Primary # __________________________________ HRI#______________________________________ Trinomial___________________________________ Page 11 of 17*Resource Name or # (Assigned by recorder) 504 South Old Stage Road, Mount Shasta, CA 96067 *Recorded by K.A. Crawford/Crawford Historic Services Date January 15, 2015 Continuation X Update 504 South Old Stage Road, Mount Shasta, CA 96067 View East June 2011

State of California – The Resource Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION CONTINUATION SHEET Primary # __________________________________ HRI#______________________________________ Trinomial___________________________________ Page 12 of 17*Resource Name or # (Assigned by recorder) 504 South Old Stage Road, Mount Shasta, CA 96067 *Recorded by K.A. Crawford/Crawford Historic Services Date January 15, 2015 Continuation X Update 504 South Old Stage Road, Mount Shasta, CA 96067 View North June 2011

State of California – The Resource Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION CONTINUATION SHEET Primary # __________________________________ HRI#______________________________________ Trinomial___________________________________ Page 15 of 17*Resource Name or # (Assigned by recorder) 504 South Old Stage Road, Mount Shasta, CA 96067 *Recorded by K.A. Crawford/Crawford Historic Services Date January 15, 2015 Continuation X Update 504 South Old Stage Road, Mount Shasta, CA 96067 View Northwest June 2011

State of California – The Resource Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION CONTINUATION SHEET Primary # __________________________________ HRI#______________________________________ Trinomial___________________________________ Page 16 of 17*Resource Name or # (Assigned by recorder) 504 South Old Stage Road, Mount Shasta, CA 96067 *Recorded by K.A. Crawford/Crawford Historic Services Date January 15, 2015 Continuation X Update 504 South Old Stage Road, Mount Shasta, CA 96067 View Sotuhwest June 2011

State of California – The Resource Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION CONTINUATION SHEET Primary # __________________________________ HRI#______________________________________ Trinomial___________________________________ Page 17 of 17*Resource Name or # (Assigned by recorder) 504 South Old Stage Road, Mount Shasta, CA 96067 *Recorded by K.A. Crawford/Crawford Historic Services Date January 15, 2015 Continuation X Update 504 South Old Stage Road, Mount Shasta, CA 96067 View Northwest June 2011


ANA 130-227 (PER 02) PACIFICORP (09/16/2015) 136412 YU APPENDIX D

APPENDIX D RESUMES


ANA 130-227 (PER 02) PACIFICORP (09/16/2015) 136412 YU APPENDIX D


MICHAEL DICE, RPA SENIOR ARCHAEOLOGIST

YEARS OF EXPERIENCE 28 EDUCATION > M.A., Anthropology, Arizona State

University, 1995 > B.A., Anthropology, Washington State

University, 1986 AREAS OF EXPERTISE > Historic and Prehistoric Archaeology > Native American Coordination and

Consultation > Section 106 and CEQA Compliance > Architectural History > Environmental Compliance Inspection

and Monitoring > Independent Contracting SPECIAL TRAINING > Completed Section 106 and Historic

Architecture Seminar, City of Los Angeles (SWCA staff), April 2012.

> Completed County of Riverside archaeological training/permitting program. 2005, 2010.

> Completed County of San Diego archaeological training/permitting program. 2008, 2012.

AFFILIATIONS > Register of Professional Archaeologists

(RPA) since 2002. > Society for American Archaeology

(SAA) since 1999. > BLM-California Statewide Survey

Permit 2014. > State of Oregon Registered

Archaeologist. 2014. PUBLICATIONS > Author. 2013. HPSR (HRER/ASR).

Caltrans District 6 Fulton Mall Redevelopment Project. Draft submitted July 2013 and final submitted August 2013.

> Lead author. 2011. Class III Cultural Resource Assessment for the LADWP Powerline Road Maintenance Project:

EXPERIENCE SUMMARY Mr. Dice is a Registered Professional Archaeologist specializing in archaeology and cultural resource management. He has conducted more than 200 cultural resource survey, testing, monitoring, data recovery, and inspection/monitoring/restoration projects in California, Arizona, Utah, Colorado and New Mexico. He has participated in a wide range of projects for local, state, and federal agencies, as well as for major utilities and project developers. Very active in the field as the primary archaeologist during field research, his studies have involved housing tracts, commercial tracts, high voltage transmission lines, natural gas pipelines, telecommunications facilities, and transportation projects. His experience includes projects on BLM lands in California, Arizona and New Mexico. Caltrans, HPSR/HRER/ASR Projects, California Principle Investigator for various Caltrans projects in southern California: wrote and teamed with colleagues on multiple projects requiring cultural resource compliance. Projects included new transportation-related infrastructure or federal roadway/transit-funded projects in Riverside, San Bernardino, Orange and Fresno Counties. Historic Property Survey Reports, supported by Archaeological Survey Reports and Historic Resource Evaluation Reports (written by colleagues) were developed and submitted. California Department of Corrections, Cultural Resource Support, California Cultural Resources Specialist associated with MND’s and EIR’s for improvements to state prisons in San Luis Obispo, San Diego, Los Angeles and Riverside counties. City of Barstow, Barstow Industrial Park Phase I Survey and Phase II Significance Assessment, California Lead Archaeologist in support of a large redevelopment project in the City of Barstow. Designed project methodology (Phase 1, Phase II and Phase III), directed and led a team of five archaeologists during survey of approximately 1,150 acres of former agricultural and vacant dune land lying adjacent to the east bank of the Mojave River. Rediscovered eight archaeological sites and two low-number RIV archaeological sites then tested a series of these sites with a group of four archaeologists. Conducted work with Native American monitors, and personally performed consultations with tribes for the City of Barstow. Wrote EIR section, which gained approval from City staff. Various State-level Architectural History Projects: Evaluating Historic Buildings for Significance under CEQA Guidelines Architectural Historian responsible for analyzing a series of

MICHAEL DICE, RPA | 2

POWER ENGINEERS, INC.

Victorville to Baker Segment, County of San Bernardino, California. BLM ARPA Permit #CA-10-05, California Field Authorization Permit #FA-680-11-14 (acreage: BLM 685.234, State Lands Commission 24.196, Private /Unclassified 402.305. Michael Brandman Associates #0575.0043.

> Lead Author. 2013. Cultural Resources Survey and Assessment of the Dunnigan Specific Plan, Phase 1 Project Area. County of Yolo, California. Michael Brandman Associates #0575.0043.

> Lead Author. 2009. Phase I Archaeological Survey, Phase II Cultural Resources Assessment and Paleontological Records Review for the Barstow Industrial Park Specific Plan of 1,150 Acres. City of Barstow, San Bernardino County, California. Michael Brandman Associates #2958.0002.

historic-era buildings in multiple jurisdictions. Designed project-level analyses and undertook numerous individual historical building surveys and CEQA-level evaluations within the following jurisdictions: City of La Verne, CA (The Whitney Building), the City of Banning, CA. (The San Gorgonio Inn), The City of Long Beach (F&M Artesia Bank Building), The City of Santa Fe Springs, CA. (Premier Lanes Bowling Alley, Washington Boulevard Redevelopment District, Consolidated Redevelopment District), The City of Chino (Alfa Leisure Building). City of Fresno, Fulton Mall Redevelopment Project, California Cultural Resources Specialist and report author in support of various City of Fresno General Plan and EIR Projects. Wrote certain technical sections of the City’s General Plan EIR, wrote the technical sections of the Fresno Mall Redevelopment EIR. Also responsible for compiling the HPSR/HRER/ASR (federal) portions of the project and funneling the draft and final reports through Caltrans District 6 staff prior to the development of the FOE. Los Angeles, Riverside, Kings and Kern Counties, Silverado Power Passive Solar Farm Projects, California Lead Archaeologist and report author for a series of proposed solar power stations in multiple counties. Designed project methodology for each, then directed and led a team of cultural resource specialists on survey of over 2,000 acres at 14 different locations of proposed utility-scale power plants in four different counties during a four-year competitive contract period. Numerous historic-era archaeological sites and prehistoric sites were encountered. Each project survey report was written to meet CEQA and Section 106 guidelines due anticipated future involvement with federal agencies, including FERC, ACOE and the BLM. Los Angeles Department of Water and Power, On-Call Cultural Services Support, California Lead Archaeologist responsible for providing rapid response cultural resource services in support of various LADWP projects in southern California and the Eastern Sierras. Projects included the Van Norman Dam Project, the Harbor Refineries Project, the Griffith Park Development Project, the Olancha Overcrossing Project, the Victorville to Baker Powerline Road Maintenance Project, the Pine Creek - Rovana Meter Replacement Project, the Hines Spring Well Project, and the Owens Lake Solar Demonstration Project. LA-RICS Authority, “LTE” Project Sites, California Cultural Resources Specialist for the Authority subcontractor, Ultrasystems, Inc. Designed the process for architectural history and archaeological site visitations, performed archaeological site visits at 50 LTE locations, helped to develop the cultural resource section of the project EA, developed the databases associated with raw data management, and visited dozens of historic buildings as part of the FCC Form 620 assessments. Riverside County Waste Management Department, Badlands Landfill and Lamb Canyon Landfill Expansion Projects, California



Lead Cultural Resources Specialist and report author in support of two Riverside County landfill projects. Designed project methodology for each, then directed and led a team of archaeologists and paleontologists on a total of 1000 acres adjacent to the existing Badlands Landfill and approximately 600 acres adjacent to the Lamb Canyon Landfill, both in the County of Riverside. The purpose of the studies was to evaluate adjacent property as part of an analysis for potential impacts during expansion of the Landfills, and the reports would support EIR’s written by County staff. Several new resources were detected and recorded during the study. While RCWMD will not construct for several decades, the sites will be avoided when land development takes place in the site areas. Conducted consultations with local Tribal Authorities. City of Moreno Valley, Phase I Survey, Phase II Historical Evaluation and Phase IV Monitoring for the World Center Specific Plan, California Lead Archaeologist for two developmental projects, one project-level and the other program-level, for Highland Fairview’s World Specific Plan. Undertook a Phase 1 survey of 3,200 acres of fallow agricultural property, in addition to other properties controlled by the proponent, and then headed a team of cultural professionals performing historic building evaluations and Phase II tests of archaeological sites. Led a field crew of monitors during the earth-moving phase of complex construction. Evaluated several historic era buildings and more than one dozen archaeological sites. Conducted consultations with local tribal authorities. Colgreen Energy, Felicity and North Salton Sea Passive Solar Farm Projects, California Cultural Resources Specialist and co-project coordinator for two proposed solar power stations in southeast California. Colgreen Energy of El Centro, CA initiated development of two 480 acre passive solar power stations, one near the Salton Sea and another northwest of the Quechan Reservation. Led the archaeological surveys with a team of archaeological technicians, and then tested previously recorded and newly discovered archaeological sites. Reports were provided to the County of Riverside and the County of El Centro. Caltrans, HPSR/HRER/ASR Projects, California Principle Investigator for various Caltrans projects in southern California: wrote and teamed with colleagues on multiple projects requiring cultural resource compliance. Projects included new transportation-related infrastructure or federal roadway/transit-funded projects in Riverside, San Bernardino, Orange and Fresno Counties. Historic Property Survey Reports, supported by Archaeological Survey Reports and Historic Resource Evaluation Reports (written by colleagues) were developed and submitted. California Department of Corrections, Cultural Resource Support, California Cultural Resources Specialist associated with MND’s and EIR’s for improvements to state prisons in San Luis Obispo, San Diego, Los Angeles



and Riverside counties. City of Barstow, Barstow Industrial Park Phase I Survey and Phase II Significance Assessment, California Lead Archaeologist in support of a large redevelopment project in the City of Barstow. Designed project methodology (Phase 1, Phase II and Phase III), directed and led a team of five archaeologists during survey of approximately 1,150 acres of former agricultural and vacant dune land lying adjacent to the east bank of the Mojave River. Rediscovered eight archaeological sites and two low-number RIV archaeological sites then tested a series of these sites with a group of four archaeologists. Conducted work with Native American monitors, and personally performed consultations with tribes for the City of Barstow. Wrote EIR section, which gained approval from City staff. Various State-level Architectural History Projects: Evaluating Historic Buildings for Significance under CEQA Guidelines Architectural Historian responsible for analyzing a series of historic-era buildings in multiple jurisdictions. Designed project-level analyses and undertook numerous individual historical building surveys and CEQA-level evaluations within the following jurisdictions: City of La Verne, CA (The Whitney Building), the City of Banning, CA. (The San Gorgonio Inn), The City of Long Beach (F&M Artesia Bank Building), The City of Santa Fe Springs, CA. (Premier Lanes Bowling Alley, Washington Boulevard Redevelopment District, Consolidated Redevelopment District), The City of Chino (Alfa Leisure Building).

appendix c cultural tech report

Documents