appendix d groundwater pump tests - national … library/research/coal/major...doe/eis-0361 wgc...
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DOE/EIS-0361 WGC DEMONSTRATION PROJECT EIS
November 2007 APPENDIX
Appendix D
Groundwater Pump Tests
Appendix D1 - Evaluation of Groundwater Pumping in Rainelle, West Virginia (dated: December 23, 2005)
Appendix D2 – Model Development to Evaluate Groundwater Pumping in Rainelle, West Virginia (dated: March 2007)*
Appendix D3 – Well Logs**
*Since publication of the Draft EIS, an additional pump test report (dated March 2007) has become
available and has been added as Appendix D2 for the Final EIS.
**New appendix added for Final EIS.
DOE/EIS-0361 WGC DEMONSTRATION PROJECT EIS
November 2007 APPENDIX
INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
Eva
luat
ion
of
Gro
un
dw
ater
P
um
pin
g in
Rai
nel
le, W
est
Vir
gin
ia
S.S
. PA
PA
DO
PU
LO
S &
AS
SO
CIA
TE
S, I
NC
.E
nvi
ron
men
tal
& W
ater
-Res
ou
rce
Co
nsu
ltan
ts
Dec
emb
er 2
3, 2
005
7944
Wis
con
sin
Ave
nu
e,B
eth
esd
a, M
aryl
and
208
14-3
620
(3
01)
718-
8900
Eva
luat
ion
of
Gro
un
dw
ater
P
um
pin
g in
Rai
nel
le, W
est
Vir
gin
ia
Pre
par
ed F
or:
Po
tom
ac-H
ud
son
En
gin
eeri
ng
, In
c.
Pre
par
ed B
y: S.S
. PA
PA
DO
PU
LO
S &
AS
SO
CIA
TE
S, I
NC
.E
nvi
ron
men
tal
& W
ater
-Res
ou
rce
Co
nsu
ltan
ts
Dec
emb
er 2
3, 2
005
7944
Wis
con
sin
Ave
nu
e,B
eth
esd
a, M
aryl
and
208
14-3
620
(3
01)
718-
8900
Appendix D1
Appendix D1
Tab
le o
f Con
tent
s Pa
geL
ist o
f Fi
gure
s....
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.....
ii
Sect
ion
1
Int
rodu
ctio
n....
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
1
Sect
ion
2
Gro
undw
ater
Flo
w A
naly
sis.
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.2
Geo
grap
hic
Info
rmat
ion
Syst
em (
GIS
) A
pplic
atio
n...
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.....
2C
once
ptua
l Mod
el...
......
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......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
...2
Aqu
ifer
Tes
t Dat
a A
naly
sis.
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
...3
Bas
eflo
w A
naly
sis
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.....
3M
odel
Des
crip
tion
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.....
4M
odel
Cal
ibra
tion
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
5M
odel
Pre
dict
ions
......
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......
6
Sect
ion
3
Sum
mar
y an
d C
oncl
usio
ns...
......
......
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......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.7
Sect
ion
4
Ref
eren
ces.
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9
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Lis
t of F
igur
es
Figu
re 1
Loc
atio
n M
ap
Figu
re 2
Obs
erve
d ve
rsus
Sim
ulat
ed D
raw
dow
n –
Mod
el C
alib
rate
d to
Aqu
ifer
Tes
t Res
ults
at W
ell P
W-1
Figu
re 3
Obs
erve
d ve
rsus
Sim
ulat
ed D
raw
dow
n –
Mod
el C
alib
rate
d to
Aqu
ifer
Tes
t Res
ults
at W
ell P
W-3
Figu
re 4
Sim
ulat
ed D
raw
dow
n af
ter
25 Y
ears
– M
odel
Cal
ibra
ted
to A
quif
er T
est R
esul
ts
at W
ell P
W-1
Figu
re 5
Sim
ulat
ed D
raw
dow
n af
ter
25 Y
ears
– M
odel
Cal
ibra
ted
to A
quif
er T
est R
esul
ts
at W
ell P
W-3
Figu
re 6
Sim
ulat
ed D
raw
dow
n af
ter
25 Y
ears
– P
umpi
ng f
rom
PW
-1 a
nd P
W-3
, Mod
el
Cal
ibra
ted
to A
quif
er T
est R
esul
ts a
t Wel
l PW
-1
Figu
re 7
Sim
ulat
ed D
raw
dow
n af
ter
25 Y
ears
– P
umpi
ng f
rom
PW
-1 a
nd P
W-3
, Mod
el
Cal
ibra
ted
to A
quif
er T
est R
esul
ts a
t Wel
l PW
-3
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Appendix D1
Appendix D1
RE
PO
RT
Sect
ion
1In
trod
uctio
nS.
S. P
apad
opul
os &
Ass
ocia
tes,
Inc
. was
ret
aine
d by
Pot
omac
-Hud
son
Eng
inee
ring
, Inc
. (P
HE
) to
dev
elop
a g
roun
dwat
er f
low
mod
el t
o si
mul
ate
grou
ndw
ater
con
ditio
ns i
n R
aine
lle,
Wes
t Vir
gini
a. T
he g
roun
dwat
er m
odel
was
use
d to
eva
luat
e th
e av
aila
bilit
y of
gro
undw
ater
as
aw
ater
sou
rce
for
the
prop
osed
pow
er f
acili
ty a
nd t
o ev
alua
te p
oten
tial
impa
cts
to l
ocal
pum
ping
wel
ls f
rom
gro
undw
ater
with
draw
als.
Gro
undw
ater
flo
w w
as s
imul
ated
usi
ng M
OD
FLO
W-2
000
(Har
baug
h et
al.,
200
0),
the
mos
t w
idel
y us
ed p
rogr
am i
n si
mul
atin
g gr
ound
wat
er f
low
. Fo
r th
e pu
rpos
es o
f th
is a
naly
sis,
a
GIS
app
licat
ion
was
dev
elop
ed to
ass
ist i
n da
ta m
anag
emen
t and
to g
ener
ate
nece
ssar
y in
put f
iles
for
the
mod
el.
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1
Appendix D1
Appendix D1
Sect
ion
2G
roun
dwat
er F
low
Ana
lysi
s
Geo
grap
hic
Info
rmat
ion
Syst
em (G
IS) A
pplic
atio
n T
he G
IS c
oord
inat
e sy
stem
was
reg
iste
red
to t
he N
AD
198
3 W
est
Vir
gini
a So
uth
Zon
e St
ate
Plan
e w
ith u
nits
in f
eet.
The
fol
low
ing
vect
or a
nd r
aste
r da
ta w
ere
incl
uded
:
A d
igiti
zed
base
map
of
road
s an
d hy
drol
ogic
fea
ture
s.
Geo
refe
renc
ed g
eolo
gic
map
s of
Fay
ette
(W
hite
, 19
19)
and
Gre
enbr
ier
(Pri
ce,
1937
) C
ount
ies.
A T
opog
raph
ic m
ap o
f th
e ar
ea.
A D
igita
l Ele
vatio
n M
odel
(D
EM
) w
ith 1
0-fo
ot r
esol
utio
n.
Map
ped
loca
tions
of
the
pum
ping
and
obs
erva
tion
wel
ls.
Map
ped
loca
tion
of th
e N
atio
nal O
cean
ic a
nd A
tmos
pher
ic A
dmin
istr
atio
n (N
OA
A)
Eas
t R
aine
lle s
tatio
n.
Map
ped
loca
tion
of t
he U
.S.
Geo
logi
cal
Surv
ey (
USG
S) s
trea
mfl
ow s
tatio
n on
Mea
dow
R
iver
.
Con
cept
ual M
odel
T
he g
roun
dwat
er s
yste
m i
n th
e st
udy
area
was
conc
eptu
aliz
ed a
s co
nsis
ting
of t
hree
m
ajor
uni
ts:
a s
atur
ated
sur
fici
al a
lluvi
al o
verb
urde
n, 5
-15
feet
thi
ck;
a la
yer
of i
nter
bedd
ed r
ed
to g
reen
sha
les,
san
dy s
hale
s an
d sa
ndst
one,
25-
50 f
eet
thic
k (i
nter
med
iate
lay
er);
and
an
unde
rlyi
ng
frac
ture
d sa
ndst
one
laye
r,
at
leas
t 10
0 fe
et
thic
k.
The
pr
oduc
tion
and
deep
ob
serv
atio
n w
ells
are
ope
n to
bot
h th
e in
term
edia
tean
d sa
ndst
one
laye
rs.
The
geo
logi
c un
its in
the
vici
nity
of
Rai
nelle
dip
to th
e no
rthw
est;
the
dip
is c
alcu
late
d to
be
app
roxi
mat
ely
120
feet
per
mile
bas
ed o
n th
e st
ruct
ure
cont
our
map
of
the
base
of
the
Sew
ell
Coa
l pr
epar
ed b
y Pr
ice
(193
7).
As
a re
sult,
the
san
dsto
ne u
nit
in w
hich
the
pro
duct
ion
and
obse
rvat
ion
wel
ls a
re c
ompl
eted
, whi
ch is
at a
nom
inal
dep
th o
f 50
fee
t bel
ow g
roun
d su
rfac
e at
R
aine
lle,
dire
ctly
und
erlie
s th
e al
luvi
um i
n th
e va
lleys
of
Sew
ell
Cre
ek a
nd L
ittle
Sew
ell
Cre
ek
to t
he s
outh
and
eas
t of
Rai
nelle
. For
the
pur
pose
s of
thi
s an
alys
is, t
he e
leva
tion
cont
ours
of
the
base
of
the
Sew
ell
Coa
l w
ere
digi
tized
and
use
d to
cal
cula
te t
he a
vera
gedi
p of
the
for
mat
ions
.G
iven
kno
wn
elev
atio
ns o
f th
e sa
ndst
one
form
atio
n at
the
obs
erva
tion
wel
ls,
the
dip
of t
hesa
ndst
one
unit
was
det
erm
ined
and
then
thre
e-di
men
sion
ally
sup
erim
pose
d on
the
grou
nd s
urfa
ce
DE
M, d
elin
eatin
g th
e ar
eas
of s
ands
tone
out
crop
.
The
int
erm
edia
te l
ayer
act
s as
an
aqui
tard
, al
low
ing
limite
d ve
rtic
al l
eaka
ge.
The
re i
s lim
ited
hydr
aulic
con
nect
ion
betw
een
the
surf
icia
l aq
uife
r an
d th
e sa
ndst
one
aqui
fer.
Alth
ough
th
ere
is l
imite
d da
ta r
egar
ding
hyd
roge
olog
ic c
ondi
tions
in
the
area
, gr
ound
wat
er m
ovem
ent
appe
ars
to o
ccur
pri
mar
ily th
roug
h ho
rizo
ntal
fra
ctur
es in
the
sand
ston
e fo
rmat
ion.
Acc
ordi
ng to
a
stud
y by
W
yric
k an
d B
orch
ers
(198
1),
grou
ndw
ater
m
ovem
ent
in
the
valle
ys
of
the
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2
App
alac
hian
Pla
teau
s Ph
ysio
grap
hic
Prov
ince
of
Wes
t V
irgi
nia
is t
he r
esul
t of
str
ess
relie
f fr
actu
ring
. Str
ess
relie
f, th
e re
mov
al o
f co
mpr
essi
onal
str
esse
s on
und
erly
ing
rock
s by
ero
sion
of
over
lyin
g ro
cks,
re
sults
in
pr
edic
tabl
e fr
actu
re
patte
rns
in
valle
y;
frac
ture
s ar
e ge
nera
lly
hori
zont
al u
nder
val
ley
floo
rs a
nd a
re g
ener
ally
ver
tical
alo
ng v
alle
y w
alls
. T
he h
oriz
onta
l fr
actu
res
bene
ath
the
valle
y fl
oor
typi
cally
dev
elop
alo
ng b
eddi
ng p
lane
par
tings
. H
oriz
onta
l fr
actu
ring
is
limite
d be
yond
the
val
ley
wal
ls,
and
thus
the
val
ley
wal
ls e
ssen
tially
act
as
low
perm
eabi
lity
barr
iers
. R
echa
rge
to t
he a
quif
ers
prim
arily
occ
urs
via
the
vert
ical
fra
ctur
es a
long
the
valle
y w
alls
. I
n th
e st
udy
area
, th
e va
lleys
alo
ng S
ewel
l C
reek
, L
ittle
Sew
ell
Cre
ek,
and
Mea
dow
Riv
er, d
efin
e th
e ar
eal e
xten
t of
the
aqui
fer
syst
ems
as d
escr
ibed
abo
ve.
Aqu
ifer
Tes
t Dat
a A
naly
sis
The
dat
a fr
om t
he a
quif
er t
ests
per
form
edby
PH
E a
t PW
-1,
PW-3
, an
d PW
-4 w
ere
revi
ewed
and
ana
lyze
d us
ing
the
com
mer
cial
ly a
vaila
ble
soft
war
e A
QT
ESO
LV
(D
uffi
eld,
200
2).
For
purp
oses
of
anal
yzin
g th
e aq
uife
r te
st, t
he g
roun
dwat
er s
yste
m w
as c
once
ptua
lized
as
a le
aky
aqui
fer
syst
em. T
he a
naly
tical
sol
utio
n de
velo
ped
by H
antu
sh (
1960
) fo
r a
leak
y co
nfin
ed a
quif
er
with
sto
rage
in th
e aq
uita
rd w
as u
sed
to a
naly
ze th
e dr
awdo
wn
data
fro
m th
e te
sts.
Ana
lysi
s of
the
dat
a fr
om t
he d
eep
obse
rvat
ion
wel
ls f
or t
he 7
2-ho
ur p
ump
test
at
wel
l PW
-1 i
ndic
ated
tha
t th
e ef
fect
ive
tran
smis
sivi
ty a
nd s
tora
tivity
in
the
vici
nity
of
PW-1
are
ap
prox
imat
ely
700
ft2 /d
and
4x1
0-6 r
espe
ctiv
ely.
T
he e
ffec
tive
tran
smis
sivi
ty a
nd s
tora
tivity
in
the
vici
nity
of
PW-3
ran
ge b
etw
een
470
and
1070
ft2 /d
, an
d 1x
10-5
and
1x1
0-7,
resp
ectiv
ely.
It
shou
ld b
e no
ted
that
dur
ing
the
aqui
fer
test
s at
wel
ls P
W-1
and
PW
-3,
at a
ll ob
serv
atio
n w
ells
, hi
gh d
raw
dow
n w
as m
easu
red
very
soo
n af
ter
com
men
cem
ent o
f th
e te
st, w
hich
is in
dica
tive
of a
hi
ghly
fra
ctur
ed a
quif
er.
Ana
lysi
s of
the
ava
ilabl
e dr
awdo
wn
data
in
the
vici
nity
of
wel
l PW
-4, i
ndic
ated
tha
t th
e ef
fect
ive
tran
smis
sivi
ty a
nd s
tora
tivity
are
app
roxi
mat
ely
400
ft2 /d
and
2x1
0-6, r
espe
ctiv
ely.
The
aq
uife
r tr
ansm
issi
vity
is m
uch
low
er a
t PW
-4 th
an a
t PW
-1 a
nd P
W-3
.
The
pur
pose
of
the
aqui
fer
test
ana
lyse
s w
as t
o pr
ovid
e an
ind
icat
ive
rang
e of
val
ues
for
tran
smis
sivi
ty a
nd s
tora
tivity
, to
be
used
as
initi
al e
stim
ates
of
aqui
fer
para
met
ers
in t
he
calib
ratio
n of
the
grou
ndw
ater
flo
w m
odel
.
Bas
eflo
w A
naly
sis
Bas
eflo
w,
the
grou
ndw
ater
con
trib
utio
n to
tot
al s
trea
mfl
ow,
for
the
stre
ams
in t
he s
tudy
ar
ea w
as c
alcu
late
d us
ing
auto
mat
ed h
ydro
grap
h se
para
tion
tech
niqu
es.
The
Mea
dow
Riv
erst
atio
n at
McR
oss,
Wes
t V
irgi
nia,
loc
ated
app
roxi
mat
ely
two
mile
s no
rthe
ast
of w
ell
PW-1
, was
th
e cl
oses
t st
atio
n to
the
stu
dy a
rea.
Dis
char
ge d
ata
wer
e do
wnl
oade
d fr
om t
he U
SGS
Nat
iona
l W
ater
Inf
orm
atio
n Sy
stem
. T
he a
vaila
ble
data
spa
nned
the
per
iod
from
197
9 to
198
2. T
hedr
aina
ge a
rea
of th
at s
tatio
n w
as 1
63 s
quar
e m
iles.
Bas
eflo
w d
isch
arge
was
cal
cula
ted
usin
g B
FI(W
ahl,
2001
), a
sof
twar
e pa
ckag
e fo
r au
tom
ated
hydr
ogra
ph s
epar
atio
n. T
he a
vera
ge c
alcu
late
d ba
sefl
ow f
or th
e pe
riod
that
dat
a w
ere
avai
labl
e w
as 9
.5 in
ches
per
yea
r.
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Appendix D1
Appendix D1
A r
ough
est
imat
e of
the
app
ropr
iate
are
al e
xten
t of
the
mod
el w
as d
eter
min
ed b
ased
on
the
base
flow
cal
cula
tion.
Ass
umin
g al
l ne
cess
ary
grou
ndw
ater
with
draw
als
for
the
pow
er p
lant
co
uld
be d
eriv
ed f
rom
bas
eflo
w, t
he m
inim
um a
real
aqu
ifer
ext
ent t
o gu
aran
tee
such
with
draw
als
wou
ld b
e eq
ual t
o th
e pu
mpi
ng r
ate
of 7
60 g
allo
ns p
er m
inut
e di
vide
d by
the
base
flow
rat
e of
9.5
in
ches
per
yea
r, o
r ap
prox
imat
ely
2.3
squa
re m
iles.
Giv
en t
he h
ydro
geol
ogic
and
top
ogra
phic
co
nditi
ons
in t
he s
tudy
are
a, a
nd t
o ac
coun
t fo
r bo
unda
ry e
ffec
ts, a
mod
el a
rea
of a
ppro
xim
atel
y50
squ
are
mile
s w
as c
onsi
dere
d fo
r th
e m
odel
.
Mod
el D
escr
iptio
n T
he g
roun
dwat
er m
odel
enc
ompa
sses
an
area
of
appr
oxim
atel
y 50
squ
are
mile
s, d
efin
ed
by a
gri
d of
352
row
s an
d 15
2 co
lum
ns o
f va
riab
le s
paci
ng.
The
ver
tical
mod
el d
iscr
etiz
atio
n in
clud
es t
hree
lay
ers,
for
the
rep
rese
ntat
ion
of t
he a
lluvi
al o
verb
urde
n, t
he i
nter
veni
ng a
quita
rd
laye
r, a
nd t
he s
ands
tone
lay
er.
The
mod
el o
rien
tatio
n is
35
degr
ees
east
of
nort
h; w
hich
mea
nsth
at th
e m
odel
col
umns
are
ori
ente
d no
rthe
ast –
sou
thw
est (
Figu
re 1
).
Gri
d sp
acin
g al
ong
mod
el r
ows
vari
es b
etw
een
60.6
25 f
eet
and
485
feet
. G
rid
spac
ing
alon
g co
lum
ns v
arie
s be
twee
n 88
.75
feet
and
355
fee
t. T
he t
op l
ayer
has
var
iabl
e th
ickn
ess
to
dist
ingu
ish
betw
een
the
allu
vium
, w
here
the
thi
ckne
ss i
s eq
ual
to 1
5 fe
et,
and
the
sand
ston
e fo
rmat
ion
ever
ywhe
re e
lse,
whe
re t
he t
hick
ness
is
equa
l to
10
feet
. T
he m
iddl
e la
yer,
whi
ch
repr
esen
ts t
he i
nter
bedd
ed l
ayer
s of
san
dsto
ne a
nd s
hale
s, h
as a
thi
ckne
ss o
f 50
fee
t, ex
cept
un
dern
eath
the
allu
vium
, w
here
the
thi
ckne
ss i
s eq
ual
to 3
5 fe
et.
Fina
lly,
the
botto
m l
ayer
, re
pres
entin
g th
e sa
ndst
one
form
atio
n, h
as a
uni
form
thic
knes
s of
100
fee
t. T
he m
iddl
e la
yer
was
assu
med
to b
e no
t pre
sent
in a
reas
whe
re th
e sa
ndst
one
laye
r di
rect
ly u
nder
lies
the
allu
vium
; thi
s w
as s
imul
ated
by
spec
ifyi
ng a
ver
y la
rge
vert
ical
hyd
raul
ic c
ondu
ctiv
ity f
or t
he m
iddl
e la
yer
in
thes
e ar
eas.
The
mod
el b
ound
ary
cond
ition
s in
clud
ed n
o-fl
ow b
ound
arie
s al
ong
the
mod
el p
erim
eter
,an
d ri
ver
node
s in
the
top
laye
r al
ong
the
maj
or s
trea
ms.
All
rive
r no
des
wer
e as
sign
ed a
con
stan
t hy
drau
lic h
ead.
Dif
fere
nt h
ydra
ulic
con
duct
ivity
val
ues
wer
e sp
ecif
ied
in t
he u
plan
d an
d va
lley
area
s in
al
l la
yers
. H
owev
er,
the
sand
ston
e un
it un
derl
ying
the
allu
vium
alo
ng M
eado
w R
iver
in
the
vici
nity
of
wel
l PW
-4 w
as a
ssig
ned
upla
nd c
ondu
ctiv
ities
, to
ref
lect
the
con
clus
ions
fro
m t
he
aqui
fer
test
at
that
wel
l. T
his
sugg
ests
tha
t st
ress
rel
ief
frac
turi
ng i
s no
t pr
eval
ent
in a
reas
whe
re
the
valle
ys a
re v
ery
narr
ow.
Hyd
raul
ic
prop
ertie
s of
th
e m
odel
, in
clud
ing
hori
zont
al
and
vert
ical
hy
drau
lic
cond
uctiv
ity a
nd s
tora
ge c
oeff
icie
nt,
wer
e de
term
ined
thr
ough
the
cal
ibra
tion
proc
ess.
Spe
cifi
c yi
eld
for
the
top
laye
r w
as s
et e
qual
to 0
.1.
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The
pum
ping
wel
ls P
W-1
, PW
-3,
PW-4
, C
W-1
,an
d C
W-2
wer
e re
pres
ente
d by
cel
ls i
n th
e bo
ttom
lay
er w
ith a
ssig
ned
pum
ping
rat
es b
ased
on
know
n an
d/or
ass
umed
pum
ping
sche
dule
s.
Mod
el C
alib
ratio
nM
odel
cal
ibra
tion
was
fac
ilita
ted
thro
ugh
the
use
of P
EST
(D
oher
ty,
2005
), a
non
linea
r pa
ram
eter
est
imat
ion
and
mod
el c
alib
ratio
n so
ftw
are.
Mod
el c
alib
ratio
n pa
ram
eter
s in
clud
ed:
Hor
izon
tal a
nd v
ertic
al h
ydra
ulic
con
duct
ivity
. Sp
ecif
ic s
tora
ge.
The
flo
w m
odel
cal
ibra
tion
targ
ets
incl
uded
mea
sure
d dr
awdo
wn
at t
he d
eep
obse
rvat
ion
wel
ls d
urin
g th
e aq
uife
r te
sts
at w
ells
PW
-1 a
nd P
W-3
. Fo
r si
mpl
icity
, th
e m
odel
s w
ere
calib
rate
d to
the
aqu
ifer
tes
ts r
esul
ts i
ndep
ende
ntly
. M
odel
cal
ibra
tion
to t
he a
quif
er t
est
data
fr
om w
ell
PW-4
was
per
form
ed t
o es
timat
e hy
drau
lic p
aram
eter
s of
the
san
dsto
ne f
orm
atio
n in
the
vici
nity
of
PW-4
.
Hor
izon
tal a
nd v
ertic
al h
ydra
ulic
con
duct
iviti
es a
nd s
tora
ge c
oeff
icie
nts
wer
e de
term
ined
thro
ugh
the
itera
tive
calib
ratio
n pr
oced
ure.
The
cal
ibra
ted
hydr
aulic
pro
pert
ies
of t
he s
ands
tone
aq
uife
r fo
r th
e tw
o m
odel
s ar
e su
mm
ariz
ed in
the
follo
win
g ta
ble
for
mod
els
calib
rate
d to
aqu
ifer
te
sts
at P
W-1
and
PW
-3:
Cal
ibra
tion
Res
ults
Val
ley
Upl
ands
PW-1
PW-3
PW-1
PW-3
Hor
izon
tal C
ondu
ctiv
ity (f
t/d)
100.
610
0.6
4.7
4.7
Ver
tical
Con
duct
ivity
(ft/d
)8.
6x10
-56.
1x10
-62.
0x10
-34.
1x10
-3
Spec
ific
Stor
age
(per
foot
) 1.
2x10
-62.
3x10
-61.
0x10
-81.
0x10
-8
The
val
ues
of a
quif
er p
aram
eter
s ca
lcul
ated
fro
m t
he c
alib
ratio
n pr
oces
s w
ere
sim
ilar
for
both
the
calib
ratio
n to
the
aqui
fer
test
dat
a fr
om P
W-1
and
the
calib
ratio
n to
the
aqui
fer
test
dat
afr
om P
W-3
, with
the
exc
eptio
n of
ver
tical
hyd
raul
ic c
ondu
ctiv
ities
in
the
valle
y, w
hich
dif
fere
d by
alm
ost
an o
rder
of
mag
nitu
de. P
lots
of
calc
ulat
ed d
raw
dow
ns a
nd o
bser
ved
draw
dow
ns f
rom
the
aqui
fer
test
of
PW-1
are
sho
wn
in F
igur
e 2,
for
cal
ibra
tion
to t
he a
quif
er t
est
resu
lts a
t w
ell
PW-1
. A
plo
t of
the
cal
cula
ted
and
the
obse
rved
dra
wdo
wns
fro
m t
he a
quif
er t
est
of P
W-3
are
sh
own
on F
igur
e 3.
Aft
er c
alib
ratio
n to
aqu
ifer
tes
t da
ta f
rom
PW
-4,
the
calc
ulat
ed h
oriz
onta
l hy
drau
lic
cond
uctiv
ity o
f th
e sa
ndst
one
form
atio
n un
derl
ying
the
allu
vium
alo
ng M
eado
w R
iver
in
the
vici
nity
of
PW-4
was
3.0
ft/d
.
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Appendix D1
Appendix D1
Mod
el P
redi
ctio
ns
The
cal
ibra
ted
mod
el w
as r
un f
or 2
5 ye
ars,
with
a s
peci
fied
pro
duct
ion
rate
for
PW
-1 o
f 76
0 gp
m, t
o si
mul
ate
long
-ter
m d
raw
dow
n in
the
grou
ndw
ater
sys
tem
. The
mod
el w
as r
un u
sing
pa
ram
eter
s ob
tain
ed f
rom
cal
ibra
tion
to
aqui
fer
test
res
ults
at
PW-1
and
PW
-3 s
epar
atel
y, t
o co
mpa
re a
quif
er r
espo
nse
for
high
and
low
ver
tical
con
duct
ivity
con
ditio
ns i
n th
e va
lley.
In
addi
tion,
com
bine
d pu
mpi
ng f
rom
wel
ls P
W-1
and
PW
-3,
each
at
a ra
te o
f 38
0 ga
llons
per
min
ute,
was
sim
ulat
ed u
nder
bot
h hi
gh a
nd lo
w v
alle
y co
nduc
tivity
con
ditio
ns.
The
res
ults
of
the
mod
el r
uns
usin
g th
e pa
ram
eter
s ob
tain
ed f
rom
cal
ibra
tion
to a
quif
er
test
res
ults
at
wel
l PW
-1 a
re s
how
n in
Fig
ure
4. T
he r
esul
ts o
f th
e m
odel
run
s us
ing
the
aqui
fer
para
met
ers
obta
ined
fro
m c
alib
ratio
n to
aqu
ifer
tes
t re
sults
at
wel
l PW
-3 a
re s
how
n in
Fig
ure
5.
Sim
ulat
ed p
umpi
ng f
rom
PW
-1 a
nd P
W-3
at
equa
l ra
tes
for
high
and
low
ver
tical
con
duct
iviti
es
resu
lted
in d
raw
dow
ns s
how
n in
Fig
ures
6 a
nd 7
, res
pect
ivel
y.
The
cal
cula
ted
draw
dow
ns a
fter
25
year
s of
pum
ping
at
wel
ls C
W-1
and
CW
-2,
with
hy
drau
lic p
aram
eter
s fr
om c
alib
ratio
n to
wel
l PW
-1 a
quif
er t
est,
are
appr
oxim
atel
y 43
and
40
feet
res
pect
ivel
y. T
he c
alcu
late
d dr
awdo
wn
at p
rodu
ctio
n w
ell
PW-1
is
appr
oxim
atel
y 56
fee
t.Fo
r hy
drau
lic p
aram
eter
s fr
om c
alib
ratio
n to
wel
l PW
-3 a
quif
er te
st, t
he s
imul
ated
dra
wdo
wns
at
CW
-1 a
nd C
W-2
are
app
roxi
mat
ely
35 a
nd 3
2 fe
et r
espe
ctiv
ely.
The
cal
cula
ted
draw
dow
n at
pr
oduc
tion
wel
l PW
-1 i
s ap
prox
imat
ely
47 f
eet.
The
dra
wdo
wn
at P
W-1
was
ass
umed
to
be
equa
l to
the
ave
rage
dra
wdo
wn
in t
he m
odel
gri
d ce
ll in
whi
ch t
he w
ell
is l
ocat
ed.
The
fo
unda
tion
for
this
ass
umpt
ion
is t
he d
raw
dow
n da
ta f
rom
the
aqu
ifer
tes
ts w
hich
ind
icat
ed t
hat
draw
dow
n is
rel
ativ
ely
cons
tant
for
a l
arge
rad
ial
dist
ance
aro
und
the
prod
uctio
n w
ell,
likel
y as
th
e re
sult
of v
ery
high
tran
smis
sivi
ty in
som
e fr
actu
res.
Whe
n th
e m
odel
was
run
for
com
bine
d pu
mpi
ng f
rom
wel
ls P
W-1
and
PW
-3 w
ith
hydr
aulic
par
amet
ers
from
cal
ibra
tion
to P
W-1
aqui
fer
test
, th
e si
mul
ated
dra
wdo
wns
at
wel
ls
CW
-1 a
nd C
W-2
are
app
roxi
mat
ely
42 a
nd 4
1 fe
et,
resp
ectiv
ely.
The
cal
cula
ted
draw
dow
ns a
t pu
mpi
ng w
ells
PW
-1 a
nd P
W-3
are
45 a
nd 4
4 fe
et, r
espe
ctiv
ely.
For
hyd
raul
ic p
aram
eter
s fr
om
calib
ratio
n to
wel
l PW
-3 a
quif
er t
est,
the
sim
ulat
ed d
raw
dow
ns a
t bo
th C
W-1
and
CW
-2 a
re
appr
oxim
atel
y 33
fee
t. T
he c
alcu
late
d dr
awdo
wns
at b
oth
pum
ping
wel
ls P
W-1
and
PW
-3 a
re 3
6fe
et.
In o
rder
to
addr
ess
conc
erns
reg
ardi
ng s
hort
-ter
m d
roug
ht p
erio
ds,
avai
labl
e da
ta f
rom
obse
rvat
ion
wel
ls i
n G
reen
brie
r, F
ayet
te, a
nd N
icho
las
Cou
ntie
s, w
hich
enc
ompa
ss t
he d
rain
age
basi
n of
Rai
nelle
, wer
e do
wnl
oade
d fr
om th
e U
SGS
NW
ISW
eb D
atab
ase.
Wat
er le
vel d
ata
wer
e co
nsid
ered
onl
y fo
r w
ells
with
ava
ilabl
e da
ta s
pann
ing
mor
e th
an o
ne y
ear
and
with
suf
fici
ent
num
ber
of m
easu
rem
ents
eac
h, r
egar
dles
s of
the
for
mat
ion
in w
hich
the
y w
ere
com
plet
ed.
The
max
imum
wat
er le
vel f
luct
uatio
n fo
r al
l wel
ls d
id n
ot e
xcee
d 12
fee
t, w
hich
cou
ld b
e co
nsid
ered
as
add
ition
al d
raw
dow
n to
ref
lect
sho
rt-t
erm
dro
ught
con
ditio
ns.
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Sect
ion
3Su
mm
ary
and
Con
clus
ions
Fo
ur s
imul
atio
ns o
f lo
ng-t
erm
pum
ping
at
a ra
te o
f 76
0 gp
m w
ere
cond
ucte
d w
ith t
he
grou
ndw
ater
mod
el th
at w
as d
evel
oped
:
Mod
el u
sing
aqu
ifer
par
amet
ers
estim
ated
fro
m P
W-1
aqu
ifer
tes
t da
ta –
PW
-1 p
umpi
ng
at a
con
stan
t rat
e of
760
gpm
;M
odel
usi
ng a
quif
er p
aram
eter
s es
timat
ed f
rom
PW
-3 a
quif
er t
est
data
– P
W-1
pum
ping
at
a c
onst
ant r
ate
of 7
60 g
pm;
Mod
el u
sing
aqu
ifer
par
amet
ers
estim
ated
fro
m P
W-1
aqu
ifer
tes
t da
ta –
PW
-1 p
umpi
ng
at a
con
stan
t rat
e of
380
gpm
and
PW
-3pu
mpi
ng a
t a c
onst
ant r
ate
of 3
80 g
pm;
Mod
el u
sing
aqu
ifer
par
amet
ers
estim
ated
fro
m P
W-3
aqu
ifer
tes
t da
ta –
PW
-1 p
umpi
ng
at a
con
stan
t rat
e of
380
gpm
and
PW
-3pu
mpi
ng a
t a c
onst
ant r
ate
of 3
80 g
pm.
The
res
ults
of
thes
e si
mul
atio
ns in
dica
te th
at lo
ng-t
erm
pum
ping
at a
rat
e of
760
gpm
will
pr
oduc
e si
gnif
ican
t dr
awdo
wns
with
in t
he s
ands
tone
aqu
ifer
. Our
ana
lysi
s, t
houg
h, s
how
s th
at i
t is
fea
sibl
e to
pro
duce
760
gpm
dur
ing
a 25
yea
r pe
riod
. The
se a
naly
ses,
thou
gh, a
re b
ased
on
the
resu
lts o
f re
lativ
ely
shor
t te
rm a
quif
er t
ests
and
a c
once
ptua
l ge
olog
ic m
odel
tha
t is
bas
ed o
n lim
ited
fiel
d da
ta. I
t is
poss
ible
that
act
ual d
raw
dow
n w
ill b
e la
rger
than
sim
ulat
ed in
this
stu
dy if
actu
al f
ield
con
ditio
ns d
iffe
r fr
om th
e si
mul
ated
con
ditio
ns.
A m
ajor
unc
erta
inty
in o
ur u
nder
stan
ding
of
the
grou
ndw
ater
sys
tem
is th
e ch
arac
teri
stic
s of
the
sand
ston
e aq
uife
r un
it be
neat
h th
e up
land
are
as. T
he d
raw
dow
n pa
ttern
ref
lect
s th
e ef
fect
s of
low
hyd
raul
ic c
ondu
ctiv
ity b
enea
th t
he u
plan
d ar
eas
and
enha
nced
lea
kage
fro
m t
he w
ater
ta
ble
alon
g th
e va
lley
wal
ls.
Ver
tical
hyd
raul
ic c
ondu
ctiv
ities
in
the
upla
nd a
reas
app
ear
to b
e m
ore
criti
cal
than
tho
se i
n th
e va
lley
with
res
pect
to
expe
cted
dra
wdo
wns
. D
ue t
o th
e lim
ited
avai
labl
e da
ta, i
t is
not p
ossi
ble
to d
raw
pos
itive
conc
lusi
ons
as to
whe
ther
the
mod
el w
ith h
ighe
rve
rtic
al c
ondu
ctiv
ities
or
the
mod
el w
ith l
ower
hyd
raul
ic c
ondu
ctiv
ities
bet
ter
desc
ribe
s th
e hy
drog
eolo
gic
cond
ition
s in
the
stu
dy a
rea.
Bot
h m
odel
s pr
edic
t re
lativ
ely
sim
ilar
draw
dow
ns a
t th
e m
unic
ipal
wel
ls. I
f th
e sa
ndst
one
unit
is r
elat
ivel
y im
perm
eabl
e be
neat
h th
e up
land
are
as, a
s th
e re
sult
of l
imite
d ho
rizo
ntal
fra
ctur
ing,
the
n th
e m
odel
may
be
an a
ccur
ate
repr
esen
tatio
n of
th
e gr
ound
wat
er s
yste
m, t
houg
h in
the
mod
el w
e as
sum
ed s
igni
fica
nt p
erm
eabi
lity
in t
he u
plan
dar
eas.
If
the
sand
ston
e un
it be
neat
h th
e up
land
are
as is
muc
h le
ss p
erm
eabl
e th
an a
ssum
ed in
our
anal
yses
, th
en t
he a
ctua
l dr
awdo
wns
fro
m l
ong-
term
pum
ping
will
be
grea
ter
than
tho
se s
how
n on
the
figu
res.
Som
e of
the
unc
erta
inty
inh
eren
t in
our
eva
luat
ions
cou
ld b
e re
duce
d by
con
duct
ing
long
er a
quif
er t
ests
at
PW-1
and
/or
PW-3
and
by
mon
itori
ng w
ater
lev
els
duri
ng t
he t
ests
in
wel
ls lo
cate
d in
the
upla
nd a
reas
and
wel
ls lo
cate
d in
the
valle
ys m
uch
furt
her
from
the
pum
ping
wel
ls t
han
was
don
e in
pre
viou
s te
stin
g.
Our
rec
omm
enda
tion
is t
hat
a te
st b
e co
nduc
ted
for
at
leas
t 30
day
s, t
he m
inim
um t
ime
requ
ired
to
sign
ific
antly
im
prov
e ou
r cu
rren
t un
ders
tand
ing
of
P:\1
009
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aine
lle\R
epor
ts\R
aine
lle_R
epor
t.doc
12/2
3/05
7
Appendix D1
Appendix D1
the
syst
em.
It
mus
t be
rec
ogni
zed
that
the
res
ults
of
addi
tiona
l te
stin
g m
ay w
ell
indi
cate
tha
t lo
ng-t
erm
pum
ping
at a
rat
e of
760
gpm
is n
ot s
usta
inab
le f
rom
the
sand
ston
e aq
uife
r.
P:\1
009
- R
aine
lle\R
epor
ts\R
aine
lle_R
epor
t.doc
12/2
3/05
8
Secti
on
4
Refe
ren
ces
Doh
erty
, J.
200
5. P
EST
Ver
sion
9 U
ser's
Gui
de.
Bri
sban
e, Q
ueen
slan
d, A
ustr
alia
: W
ater
mar
kN
umer
ical
Com
putin
g.
Duf
fiel
d, G
.M. 2
002.
AQ
TE
SO
LV
fo
r W
ind
ow
s V
ersi
on
3.5
0 P
rofe
ssio
na
l, H
ydro
SOL
VE
, Inc
.
Har
baug
h, A
.W.,
E.R
. Ban
ta, M
.C. H
ill, a
nd M
.G. M
cDon
ald.
200
0. M
OD
FL
OW
-20
00
, th
e U
.S.
Geo
log
ica
l S
urv
ey
Mo
du
lar
Gro
un
d-W
ate
r M
od
el--
Use
r G
uid
e to
M
od
ula
riza
tion
Co
nce
pts
a
nd
th
e G
rou
nd
-Wa
ter
Flo
w
Pro
cess
. U
.S.
Geo
logi
cal
Surv
ey.
Ope
n-Fi
le
Rep
ort 0
0-92
.
Koz
ar,
M.D
., an
d M
.V.
Mat
hes.
200
1. A
qu
ifer
Ch
ara
cter
isti
cs D
ata
fo
r W
est
Vir
gin
ia.
U.S
. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey,
Wat
er-R
esou
rces
Inv
estig
atio
ns R
epor
t 01-
4036
.
Wah
l, T
.L.,
and
K.L
. W
ahl.
2001
. B
FI
– A
Co
mp
ute
r P
rog
ram
fo
r C
om
pu
tin
g a
n I
nd
ex t
o
Ba
sefl
ow
, V
ersi
on
4.1
2w
. U.S
. Bur
eau
of R
ecla
mat
ion
– U
.S. G
eolo
gica
l Sur
vey.
Wyr
ick,
G.G
., an
d J.
W.
Boc
hers
. 19
81.
Hyd
rolo
gic
Eff
ects
of
Str
ess-
Rel
ief
Fra
ctu
rin
g i
n a
n
Ap
pa
lach
ian
Va
lley
. U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y. W
ater
-Sup
ply
Pape
r 21
77.
Pric
kett,
T
.A.,
and
C.G
. L
onnq
uist
. 19
71.
Sel
ecte
d
Dig
ita
l C
om
pu
ter
Tec
hn
iqu
es
for
Gro
un
dw
ate
r R
eso
urc
e E
valu
ati
on
. Illi
nois
Sta
te W
ater
Sur
vey,
Urb
ana.
Bul
letin
55.
Pric
e, P
.H.
1937
. G
ener
al
an
d E
con
om
ic M
ap
of
Gre
enb
rier
Co
un
ty.
Wes
t V
irgi
nia
Geo
logi
cal
Surv
ey.
Whi
te,
I.C
. an
d R
.V.
Hen
nen.
191
9. G
ener
al
an
d E
con
om
ic M
ap
o
f F
aye
tte
Co
un
ty,
Wes
tV
irgi
nia
Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y.
P:\1
009
Rai
nelle
\Rep
orts
\Rai
nelle
_Rep
ort_
revi
sed.
doc
12/2
3/05
9
Appendix D1
Appendix D1
FIG
UR
ES
PW
-3
PW
-2P
W-1
CW
-2C
W-1
PW
-4HO
P-1
Leg
end
Wel
l
Allu
vium
San
dsto
ne O
utcr
op
Mod
el B
ound
ary
01
20.
5M
iles
³
RA
INE
LL
E, W
V
ME
AD
OW
RIV
ER
SEWELLCREEK
Mo
del
bo
un
dar
y
iur
e oc
atio
n M
ap
Appendix D1
Appendix D1
iur
e O
bser
ved
vers
us S
imul
ated
Dra
wdo
wn,
Mod
el
alib
rate
d to
Aqu
ifer
Tes
t Res
ults
at W
ell P
W-1
OW
-6D
051015202530
00.
51
1.5
22.
5
Tim
e S
ince
Sta
rt o
f T
es
t (d
ays
)
Drawdown (ft)
3
OW
-5D
051015202530
00.
51
1.5
22.
5
Tim
eS
ince
Sta
rt o
f T
es
t (d
ays
)
Drawdown (ft)
3
OW
-4D
25
305101520
00.
51
1.5
22.
5
Tim
e S
ince
Sta
rt o
f T
es
t (d
ays
)
Drawdown (ft)
OW
-3D
PW
-2
0530
00.
51
1.5
22.
53
Tim
e S
ince
Sta
rt o
f T
es
t (d
ays
)
Drawdown (ft)
25 20 1015 051015202530
00.
51
1.5
22.
53
Tim
eS
ince
Sta
rt o
f T
es
t (d
ays
)
Drawdown (ft)
OW
-2D
0510152025
00.
51
1.5
22.
53
Tim
e S
ince
Sta
rt o
f T
es
t (d
ays
)
Drawdown (ft)
OW
-1D
0510152025
00.
51
1.5
22.
53
Tim
e S
ince
Sta
rt o
f T
es
t (d
ays
)
Drawdown (ft)
PW
-1
05101520253035
00.
51
1.5
22.
53
Tim
eS
ince
Sta
rt o
f T
es
t (d
ays
)
Drawdown (ft)
051015
00.
51
1.5
22.
53
Tim
e S
ince
Sta
rt o
f T
es
t (d
ays
)
Drawdown (ft)
PW
-1
024681012
00.
51
1.5
22.
53
Tim
e S
ince
Sta
rt o
f T
es
t (d
ays
)
Drawdown (ft)
Ba
kery
We
ll
051015
00.
51
1.5
22.
53
Tim
e S
ince
Sta
rt o
f T
es
t (d
ays
)
Drawdown (ft)
PW
-3
10152025
wdown (ft)
05
00.
51
1.5
22.
53
Tim
e S
ince
Sta
rt o
f T
es
t (d
ays
)
Dra
Lu
mb
er
Ya
rdW
ell
20
iur
e 3
Obs
erve
d ve
rsus
Sim
ulat
ed D
raw
dow
n,M
odel
al
ibra
ted
to A
quif
er T
est R
esul
ts a
t Wel
l PW
-3
Appendix D1
Appendix D1
iur
e 4
Sim
ulat
ed D
raw
dow
n af
ter
25
ears
, M
odel
al
ibra
ted
to A
quif
er T
est R
esul
ts a
t Wel
l PW
-1
PW
-1
PW
-3
CW
-1CW
-2
PW
-4
55
5
5
10
1010
10
15
15
15
15
1515
1515
15
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
30
30
30
30
30
35
35
35
40
40
45
PW
2
OW
6DO
W5D
OW
-1D
OW
-2D
OW
-3D
OW
-4D
Lu
mb
er
Bak
ery
4000
feet
PW
-1
PW
-3
CW
CW
-1
-2
PW
-4
5
55
5
10
10
10
10
10
1010
010
10
1
1
0
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
20
20
2020
20
20
25
25
25
25
30
30
30
35
PW
2
OW
6DO
W5D
OW
-1D
OW
-2D
OW
-3D
OW
-4D
Lu
mb
er
Bak
ery
4000
feet
iur
e 5
Sim
ulat
ed D
raw
dow
n af
ter
25
ears
, M
odel
al
ibra
ted
to A
quif
er T
est R
esul
ts a
t Wel
l PW
-3
Appendix D1
Appendix D1
PW
-1
PW
-3
CW
-1CW
-2
PW
-4
55
55
10
1010
10
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
20
20
20
20
20
20
2020
20
25
25
2525
25
25
25
30
3030
30
30
30
3535
35
35
40
PW
2
OW
6DO
W5D
OW
-1D
OW
-2D
OW
-3D
OW
-4D
Lu
mb
er
Bak
ery
4000
feet
iur
e 6
Sim
ulat
ed D
raw
dow
n af
ter
25
ears
,
Pu
mpi
ng f
rom
PW
-1 a
nd P
W-3
,M
odel
al
ibra
ted
to A
quif
er T
est R
esul
ts a
t Wel
l PW
-1
iur
e 7
Sim
ulat
ed D
raw
dow
n af
ter
25
ears
,
Pu
mpi
ng f
rom
PW
-1 a
nd P
W-3
,M
odel
al
ibra
ted
to A
quif
er T
est R
esul
ts a
t Wel
l PW
-3
PW
-1
PW
-3
CW
-1CW
-2
PW
-4
5
55
5
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
1
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
5
20
20
20
20
20
25
25
25
25
30
30
30
PW
2
OW
6DO
W5D
OW
-1D
OW
-2D
OW
-3D
OW
-4D
Lu
mb
er
Bak
ery
4000
feet
Appendix D1
Appendix D1
Appendix D1
Appendix D1
Mo
del
Dev
elo
pm
ent
to E
valu
ate
Gro
un
dw
ater
Pu
mp
ing
in R
ain
elle
, W
est
Vir
gin
ia
S.S
. PA
PA
DO
PU
LO
S &
AS
SO
CIA
TE
S, I
NC
.E
nvi
ron
men
tal
& W
ater
-Res
ou
rce
Co
nsu
ltan
ts
7944
Wis
con
sin
Ave
nu
e,B
eth
esd
a, M
aryl
and
208
14-3
620
(3
01)
718-
8900
Jun
e 5,
200
7
Mo
del
Dev
elo
pm
ent
to E
valu
ate
Gro
un
dw
ater
Pu
mp
ing
in R
ain
elle
, W
est
Vir
gin
ia
Pre
par
ed F
or:
Po
tom
ac-H
ud
son
En
gin
eeri
ng
, In
c.
Pre
par
ed B
y: S.S
. PA
PA
DO
PU
LO
S &
AS
SO
CIA
TE
S, I
NC
.E
nvi
ron
men
tal
& W
ater
-Res
ou
rce
Co
nsu
ltan
ts
Jun
e 5,
200
7
7944
Wis
con
sin
Ave
nu
e,B
eth
esd
a, M
aryl
and
208
14-3
620
(3
01)
718-
8900
Appendix D2
Appendix D2
Tab
le o
f Con
tent
s Pa
geL
ist o
f Fi
gure
s....
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.....
ii
Sect
ion
1
Int
rodu
ctio
n....
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
1
Sect
ion
2
Gro
undw
ater
Flo
w A
naly
sis.
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.2
New
Mon
itori
ng W
ell D
ata
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
2C
once
ptua
l Mod
el...
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
2M
odel
Mod
ific
atio
n...
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
...3
Mod
el C
alib
ratio
n...
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
4M
odel
Pre
dict
ions
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
...5
Pum
ping
Sce
nari
os...
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.....
5M
odel
Res
ults
– D
raw
dow
n....
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
..7
Mod
el R
esul
ts –
Str
eam
flow
Dep
letio
n...
......
......
......
......
......
......
...9
Sect
ion
3
Sum
mar
y an
d C
oncl
usio
ns...
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.....
10
Sect
ion
4
Ref
eren
ces.
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
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......
......
......
...11
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Lis
t of F
igur
es
Figu
re 1
Loc
atio
n M
ap
Figu
re 2
O
bser
ved
vers
us S
imul
ated
Dra
wdo
wn
Figu
re 3
St
ream
flow
Dat
a fo
r M
eado
w R
iver
(U
SGS
0318
9890
, McR
oss
WV
)
Figu
re 4
St
ream
flow
Dat
a fo
r M
eado
w R
iver
(U
SGS
0319
0400
, Mt.
Loo
kout
WV
)
Figu
re 5
A
nnua
l Num
ber
of D
ays
per
Seas
on f
or G
roun
dwat
er P
umpi
ng
Figu
re 6
Sim
ulat
ed D
raw
dow
n af
ter
25 Y
ears
(Q
=1,
049
gpm
)
Figu
re 7
Sim
ulat
ed D
raw
dow
n af
ter
25 Y
ears
(Q
=1,
179
gpm
)
Figu
re 8
Sim
ulat
ed D
raw
dow
n af
ter
25 Y
ears
(Q
=96
0 gp
m W
inte
r –
1,13
9 gp
m S
umm
er)
Figu
re 9
Sim
ulat
ed D
raw
dow
n af
ter
25 Y
ears
(W
eigh
ted
Q=
280
gpm
Win
ter
– 70
7 gp
mSu
mm
er)
Figu
re 1
0O
bser
ved
Wat
er L
evel
s pr
ior
to A
quif
er T
est
Figu
re 1
1St
orag
e D
eple
tion
vers
us R
iver
Lea
kage
ove
r a
25-Y
ear
Peri
od (
Q=
1,04
9 gp
m)
Figu
re 1
2St
orag
e D
eple
tion
vers
us R
iver
Lea
kage
ove
r a
25-Y
ear
Peri
od (
Q=
1,17
9 gp
m)
Figu
re 1
3St
orag
e D
eple
tion
vers
us R
iver
Lea
kage
ove
r a
25-Y
ear
Peri
od (
960
gpm
Win
ter
– 1,
139
gpm
Sum
mer
)
Figu
re 1
4St
orag
e D
eple
tion
vers
us R
iver
Lea
kage
ove
r a
25-Y
ear
Peri
od (
Wei
ghte
d Q
=28
0 gp
m W
inte
r –
707
gpm
Sum
mer
)
Figu
re 1
5St
orag
e D
eple
tion
vers
us R
iver
Lea
kage
ove
r a
25-Y
ear
Peri
od, C
W-1
(Q
=15
0 gp
m)
Figu
re 1
6M
inim
um S
trea
mfl
ow a
nd A
djus
ted
Min
imum
Str
eam
flow
Val
ues
for
Mea
dow
Riv
er
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Appendix D2
Appendix D2
RE
PO
RT
Sect
ion
1In
trod
uctio
nS.
S.
Papa
dopu
los
&
Ass
ocia
tes,
In
c.
(SSP
&A
) w
as
reta
ined
by
Po
tom
ac-H
udso
nE
ngin
eeri
ng,
Inc.
(P
HE
) to
de
velo
p a
grou
ndw
ater
fl
ow
mod
el
to
sim
ulat
e gr
ound
wat
er
cond
ition
s in
Rai
nelle
, W
est
Vir
gini
a.
The
pur
pose
of
the
grou
ndw
ater
mod
el w
as t
o ev
alua
te
the
avai
labi
lity
of g
roun
dwat
er a
s a
wat
er s
ourc
e fo
r th
e pr
opos
ed p
ower
fac
ility
, to
eva
luat
e po
tent
ial
impa
cts
to
loca
l pu
mpi
ng
wel
ls
from
gr
ound
wat
er
with
draw
als,
an
d to
ev
alua
te
pote
ntia
l im
pact
s to
the
Mea
dow
Riv
er.
The
ini
tial
grou
ndw
ater
mod
el w
as d
evel
oped
and
cal
ibra
ted
base
d on
dat
a an
d re
sults
ob
tain
ed f
rom
thre
e aq
uife
r te
sts
perf
orm
ed b
y PH
E in
the
vici
nity
of
the
prop
osed
pow
er f
acili
ty
(S.S
. Pap
adop
ulos
and
Ass
ocia
tes,
Inc
., 20
05).
The
cal
ibra
ted
mod
el w
as u
sed
to d
eter
min
edr
awdo
wns
at t
he p
umpi
ng w
ells
with
in a
25-
year
per
iod
of c
onst
ant p
umpi
ng.
Alth
ough
it w
as
show
n th
at i
t is
fea
sibl
e to
pro
duce
the
nec
essa
ry g
roun
dwat
er w
ithdr
awal
s du
ring
a 2
5-ye
ar
peri
od,
the
anal
ysis
was
bas
ed o
n th
e re
sults
of
rela
tivel
y sh
ort
term
aqu
ifer
tes
ts a
nd a
co
ncep
tual
geo
logi
c m
odel
that
was
bas
ed o
n lim
ited
fiel
d da
ta.
To
conf
irm
the
con
clus
ions
of
the
initi
al g
roun
dwat
er m
odel
and
dev
elop
a m
ore
thor
ough
und
erst
andi
ng o
f th
e aq
uife
r sy
stem
, SSP
&A
(20
05)
reco
mm
ende
d a
long
term
aqu
ifer
test
with
add
ition
al m
onito
ring
wel
ls in
loca
tions
that
wou
ld p
rovi
de in
form
atio
n w
ith r
espe
ct to
th
e hy
drog
eolo
gic
cond
ition
s ov
er a
muc
h la
rger
are
a.
PHE
sub
sequ
ently
con
stru
cted
tw
o ne
wm
onito
ring
wel
ls a
nd c
ondu
cted
a 6
0-da
y lo
ng-t
erm
aqu
ifer
tes
t at
the
pro
pose
d pu
mpi
ng w
ells
du
ring
Oct
ober
and
Nov
embe
r 20
06.
The
dat
a ob
tain
ed f
rom
dri
lling
tw
o ne
w m
onito
ring
wel
ls w
ere
used
to
refi
ne t
hest
ruct
ure
of th
e gr
ound
wat
er f
low
mod
el a
nd th
e re
vise
d m
odel
was
rec
alib
rate
d to
the
data
fro
m
the
long
-ter
m a
quif
er te
st.
Aft
er th
e m
odel
was
rec
alib
rate
d, n
ew p
redi
ctio
ns o
f dr
awdo
wn
at th
e lo
cal
pum
ping
wel
ls w
ere
mad
e fo
r a
25-y
ear
peri
od o
f va
riou
s sc
enar
ios
of c
onst
ant
and
seas
onal
pum
ping
. In
addi
tion,
a d
etai
led
stre
amfl
ow a
naly
sis
for
Mea
dow
Riv
er w
as c
ondu
cted
to
est
imat
e lo
ng te
rm im
pact
son
str
eam
flow
fro
m p
umpi
ng.
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Appendix D2
Appendix D2
Sect
ion
2G
roun
dwat
er F
low
Ana
lysi
s
New
Mon
itori
ng W
ell D
ata
PHE
con
duct
ed a
long
-ter
m a
quif
er te
st a
t wel
ls P
W-1
and
PW
-3 (
Figu
re 1
) fr
om O
ctob
erth
roug
h N
ovem
ber
2006
. W
ater
lev
el d
ata
wer
e co
llect
ed d
urin
g a
peri
od o
f ap
prox
imat
ely
35
days
pri
or t
o th
e te
st,
duri
ng t
he t
wo
mon
thpu
mpi
ng p
erio
d, a
nd f
or a
mon
th a
fter
the
pum
psw
ere
shut
off
. For
the
purp
oses
of
the
aqui
fer
test
, tw
o ne
w m
onito
ring
wel
ls w
ere
drill
ed, O
W-8
and
OW
-9 (
Figu
re 1
), i
n th
e so
uthe
rn p
art
of t
he S
ewel
l C
reek
val
ley
and
in t
he L
ittle
Sew
ell
Cre
ek v
alle
y re
spec
tivel
y.
The
lith
olog
y at
mon
itori
ng w
ell
OW
-8 i
s ve
ry s
imila
r to
tha
t at
wel
l PW
-1 a
nd t
hesu
rrou
ndin
g ob
serv
atio
n w
ells
. B
elow
the
sur
fici
al a
lluvi
um,
whi
ch i
s ap
prox
imat
ely
15 f
eet
thic
k, t
here
is
a 25
-foo
t th
ick
unit
of i
nter
bedd
edsi
lts, s
ands
and
cla
ys.
Bel
ow t
his
unit,
fro
m a
de
pth
of 4
0 to
60
feet
, is
a b
lue
sand
y sh
ale
and
from
a d
epth
of
60 f
eet
to 2
00 f
eet
is t
he
sand
ston
e un
it th
at i
s se
en a
t PW
-1. T
he w
ell
was
cas
ed f
rom
lan
d su
rfac
e to
a d
epth
of
40 f
eet
and
has
an o
pen
hole
com
plet
ion
to to
tal d
epth
of
200
feet
.
Wel
l O
W-9
was
com
plet
ed a
t a
dept
h of
160
fee
t be
low
gro
und
surf
ace
and
it w
as c
ased
of
f th
e fi
rst
40 f
eet.
Blu
e gr
ay a
nd r
ed s
hale
s an
d sa
ndy
shal
es w
ere
enco
unte
red
at t
hat
wel
l fr
om l
and
surf
ace
to t
otal
dep
th.
Bas
ed o
n th
e st
ruct
ure
cont
our
map
of
the
base
of
the
Sew
ell
Coa
l pr
epar
ed b
y Pr
ice
(193
7) t
he s
ands
tone
uni
t ob
serv
ed a
t PW
-1 w
as a
ntic
ipat
ed a
t th
islo
catio
n. H
owev
er, u
nlik
e w
ell
PW-1
, no
sand
ston
e w
as e
ncou
nter
ed i
n w
ell
OW
-9. I
n ad
ditio
n,
visu
al i
nspe
ctio
n of
the
hill
side
alo
ng L
ittle
Sew
ell
Cre
ek c
onfi
rmed
san
dsto
ne o
utcr
ops
at
elev
atio
ns a
bove
the
val
ley
floo
r. B
ased
on
the
abov
e, i
t ap
pear
s th
at t
he s
ands
tone
out
crop
s in
th
e va
lley
furt
her
nort
h an
d th
at O
W-9
pen
etra
tes
a un
it st
ratig
raph
ical
ly b
elow
the
sand
ston
e.
Con
cept
ual M
odel
T
he c
once
ptua
l m
odel
of
the
grou
ndw
ater
sys
tem
dev
elop
ed p
revi
ousl
y by
SSP
&A
was
m
odif
ied
to r
efle
ct t
he f
indi
ngs
from
the
bor
ing
logs
of
the
two
new
mon
itori
ng w
ells
. T
he
grou
ndw
ater
sys
tem
is
now
con
cept
ualiz
ed a
s co
nsis
ting
of f
our
maj
or u
nits
: 1)
sat
urat
ed
allu
vium
, 5-
15 f
eet
thic
k; 2
) a
unit
cons
istin
g of
int
erbe
dded
blu
e, r
ed a
nd g
reen
sha
les,
san
dy
shal
es a
nd s
ands
tone
, 25
-50
feet
thi
ck (
low
per
mea
bilit
y un
it);
3) a
n un
derl
ying
fra
ctur
edsa
ndst
one
unit,
100
fee
t th
ick;
and
4)
an i
nter
bedd
ed s
and
and
shal
e un
it, a
t le
ast
60 f
eet
thic
k.
The
pro
duct
ion
and
deep
obs
erva
tion
wel
ls a
re o
pen
to b
oth
the
low
per
mea
bilit
y un
it an
dsa
ndst
one
unit,
exc
ept f
or w
ell O
W-9
whi
ch is
ope
n to
the
deep
er s
and
and
shal
e un
it.
The
low
per
mea
bilit
y un
it ac
ts a
s an
aqu
itard
,allo
win
g lim
ited
vert
ical
lea
kage
. The
re i
s lim
ited
hydr
aulic
co
nnec
tion
betw
een
the
allu
vium
an
d th
e sa
ndst
one
unit.
G
roun
dwat
er
mov
emen
t oc
curs
pri
mar
ily t
hrou
gh h
oriz
onta
l fr
actu
res
in t
he s
ands
tone
uni
t, as
a r
esul
t of
stre
ss r
elie
f fr
actu
ring
(W
yric
k an
d B
orch
ers,
198
1).
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The
rep
rese
ntat
ion
of t
he d
ip o
f ge
olog
ic u
nits
in
the
vici
nity
of
Rai
nelle
, 12
0 fe
et p
er
mile
to th
e no
rthw
est,
was
not
cha
nged
in th
e re
vise
d m
odel
. H
owev
er, t
he s
trik
e of
the
geol
ogic
un
its w
as a
ltere
d sl
ight
ly t
o N
70ºW
to
acco
unt
for
the
find
ings
at
wel
ls O
W-8
and
OW
-9.
As
are
sult,
the
san
dsto
ne u
nit
is n
ow c
alcu
late
d to
out
crop
fur
ther
nor
th a
long
Litt
le S
ewel
l C
reek
th
an p
revi
ousl
y th
ough
t to
be th
e ca
se (
Figu
re 1
).
Rec
harg
e to
the
aqu
ifer
occ
urs
via
the
vert
ical
fra
ctur
es a
long
the
val
ley
wal
ls a
nd i
n th
e ar
eas
whe
re t
he s
ands
tone
uni
t ou
tcro
ps.
The
ver
tical
fra
ctur
es e
xten
d al
l th
e w
ay d
own
to t
he
deep
er u
nits
and
thus
act
as
low
per
mea
bilit
y ba
rrie
rs.
Mod
el M
odifi
catio
n T
he g
roun
dwat
er m
odel
gri
d re
mai
ned
unch
ange
d ho
rizo
ntal
ly, e
ncom
pass
ing
an a
rea
of
appr
oxim
atel
y 50
squ
are
mile
s, d
efin
ed b
y a
grid
of
352
row
s an
d 15
2 co
lum
ns o
f va
riab
le
spac
ing.
The
ver
tical
mod
el d
iscr
etiz
atio
n no
w i
nclu
des
four
lay
ers
for
the
repr
esen
tatio
n of
the
al
luvi
um, t
he l
ow p
erm
eabi
lity
unit,
the
san
dsto
ne u
nit,
and
the
inte
rbed
ded
sand
ston
e an
d sh
ale
unit.
The
mod
el o
rien
tatio
n is
35
degr
ees
east
of
nort
h; w
hich
mea
ns th
at th
e m
odel
col
umns
are
or
ient
ed n
orth
east
- s
outh
wes
t (Fi
gure
1).
Gri
d sp
acin
g al
so r
emai
ned
unch
ange
d. G
rid
spac
ing
alon
g m
odel
row
s va
ries
bet
wee
n 60
.625
fee
t an
d 48
5 fe
et.
Gri
d sp
acin
g al
ong
colu
mns
var
ies
betw
een
88.7
5 fe
et a
nd 3
55 f
eet.
The
top
laye
r ha
s va
riab
le th
ickn
ess;
a th
ickn
ess
of 1
5 fe
et is
spe
cifi
ed w
here
sat
urat
ed a
lluvi
um
exis
ts, e
lsew
here
the
thic
knes
s is
spe
cifi
ed a
s 10
fee
t. T
he s
econ
d la
yer,
whi
ch r
epre
sent
s th
e lo
wpe
rmea
bilit
y un
it, h
as a
thic
knes
s of
50
feet
, exc
ept u
nder
neat
h th
e al
luvi
um, w
here
the
thic
knes
sis
spe
cifi
ed a
s 35
fee
t. T
he t
hird
mod
el l
ayer
, re
pres
entin
g th
e sa
ndst
one
unit,
has
a u
nifo
rmth
ickn
ess
of 1
00 f
eet.
The
fou
rth
mod
el la
yer,
rep
rese
ntin
g th
e de
eper
inte
rbed
ded
sand
ston
e an
d sh
ale
unit,
has
a u
nifo
rm t
hick
ness
of
60 f
eet.
The
sec
ond
laye
r, t
he l
ow-p
erm
eabi
lity
unit,
was
assu
med
to
be n
ot p
rese
nt i
n ar
eas
whe
re t
he s
ands
tone
uni
t di
rect
ly u
nder
lies
the
allu
vium
; th
is
was
sim
ulat
ed b
y sp
ecif
ying
a v
ery
larg
e ve
rtic
al h
ydra
ulic
con
duct
ivity
for
the
mid
dle
laye
r in
th
ese
area
s.
The
mod
el b
ound
ary
cond
ition
s in
clud
ed n
o-fl
ow b
ound
arie
s al
ong
the
mod
el p
erim
eter
,an
d ri
ver
node
s in
the
top
laye
r al
ong
the
maj
or s
trea
ms.
All
rive
r no
des
wer
e as
sign
ed a
con
stan
t hy
drau
lic h
ead.
Dif
fere
nt h
ydra
ulic
con
duct
ivity
val
ues
wer
e sp
ecif
ied
in t
he u
plan
d an
d va
lley
area
s in
al
l la
yers
. H
owev
er,
the
sand
ston
e un
it un
derl
ying
the
allu
vium
alo
ng M
eado
w R
iver
nor
th o
f w
ell
BW
-1 w
as a
ssig
ned
upla
nd c
ondu
ctiv
ities
con
sist
ent
with
the
res
ults
obt
aine
d pr
evio
usly
fr
om a
naly
sis
of th
e aq
uife
r te
st r
esul
ts f
rom
wel
l PW
-4. T
his
sugg
ests
that
str
ess
relie
f fr
actu
ring
is
not
pre
vale
nt in
are
as w
here
the
valle
ys a
re v
ery
narr
ow.
P:\1
009
Rai
nelle
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orts
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ort.d
oc6/
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073
Appendix D2
Appendix D2
Hyd
raul
ic
prop
ertie
s of
th
e m
odel
, in
clud
ing
hori
zont
al
and
vert
ical
hy
drau
lic
cond
uctiv
ity a
nd s
tora
ge c
oeff
icie
nt,
wer
e de
term
ined
thr
ough
the
cal
ibra
tion
proc
ess.
Spe
cifi
c yi
eld
for
the
top
laye
r w
as s
et e
qual
to 0
.1.
The
pum
ping
wel
ls P
W-3
and
CW
-1 w
ere
repr
esen
ted
by c
ells
in
the
thir
d m
odel
lay
er.
Wel
l PW
-1 i
s re
pres
ente
d by
cel
ls i
n bo
th t
he t
hird
and
fou
rth
mod
el l
ayer
s. T
he p
umpi
ng r
ates
of
wel
ls P
W-1
and
PW
-3 d
urin
g th
e aq
uife
r te
stva
ried
acc
ordi
ng to
the
valu
es s
how
n in
Tab
le 1
. Fo
r th
e pu
rpos
es o
f th
e gr
ound
wat
er f
low
mod
elin
g, t
ime-
aver
aged
pum
ping
rat
es w
ere
used
for
both
wel
ls. W
ell
CW
-1 w
as a
ssig
ned
a co
nsta
nt p
umpi
ng r
ate
of 1
50 g
allo
ns p
er m
inut
e (g
pm),
refl
ectin
g its
rep
orte
d pu
mpi
ng s
ched
ule.
Tab
le1
Pum
ping
Rat
es fo
r W
ells
PW
-1 a
nd P
W-3
PW-1
(gpm
)PW
-3 (g
pm)
Dat
eM
easu
red
Ave
rage
ove
rco
nsec
utiv
em
easu
rem
ents
Mea
sure
dA
vera
ge o
ver
cons
ecut
ive
mea
sure
men
ts10
/1/2
006
12:0
050
030
010
/2/2
006
13:1
049
049
530
030
010
/3/2
006
16:4
046
047
533
531
7.5
10/6
/200
6 8:
0044
545
2.5
325
330
11/3
0/20
06 1
2:00
409
427
308
316.
5T
ime
Ave
rage
d Q
43
031
5
Mod
el C
alib
ratio
nM
odel
cal
ibra
tion
was
fac
ilita
ted
thro
ugh
the
use
of P
EST
(D
oher
ty,
2005
), a
non
linea
r pa
ram
eter
est
imat
ion
and
mod
el c
alib
ratio
n so
ftw
are.
Mod
el c
alib
ratio
n pa
ram
eter
s in
clud
ed:
Hor
izon
tal a
nd v
ertic
al h
ydra
ulic
con
duct
ivity
. Sp
ecif
ic s
tora
ge.
The
flo
w m
odel
cal
ibra
tion
targ
ets
incl
uded
mea
sure
d dr
awdo
wn
at t
he d
eep
obse
rvat
ion
wel
ls d
urin
g th
e aq
uife
r te
st.
Hor
izon
tal
and
vert
ical
hyd
raul
ic c
ondu
ctiv
ities
and
sto
rage
co
effi
cien
ts
wer
e de
term
ined
th
roug
h th
e ite
rativ
e ca
libra
tion
proc
edur
e.
The
ca
libra
ted
hydr
aulic
pro
pert
ies
are
sum
mar
ized
in th
e fo
llow
ing
tabl
e:
Tab
le 2
C
alib
ratio
n R
esul
tsV
alle
yU
plan
ds
Uni
tH
oriz
onta
lC
ondu
ctiv
ity(f
t/d)
Ver
tical
Con
duct
ivity
(ft/d
)
Spec
ific
Stor
age
(per
foo
t)
Hor
izon
tal
Con
duct
ivity
(ft/d
)
Ver
tical
Con
duct
ivity
(ft/d
)
Spec
ific
Stor
age
(per
foo
t)A
lluvi
um10
.72.
9x10
-6-
--
Sand
y Sh
ale
1.8
4.5x
10-5
2.2x
10-6
1.8
6.2x
10-3
1.5x
10-6
Sand
ston
e70
.24.
5x10
-51.
5x10
-61.
86.
2x10
-31.
5x10
-6
Sand
ston
e/ S
hale
20.8
0.5
1.5x
10-6
1.8
6.2x
10-3
1.5x
10-6
P:\1
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orts
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oc6/
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074
Plot
s of
cal
cula
ted
draw
dow
ns a
nd o
bser
ved
draw
dow
ns f
rom
the
aqu
ifer
tes
t ar
e sh
own
on F
igur
e 2.
It
shou
ld b
e no
ted
that
no
reco
very
dat
a ar
e av
aila
ble
for
wel
l C
W-1
, du
e to
eq
uipm
ent f
ailu
re.
Mod
el P
redi
ctio
ns
Pum
ping
Sce
nari
os
The
cal
ibra
ted
mod
el w
as r
un f
or a
per
iod
of 2
5 ye
ars
to s
imul
ate
long
-ter
m d
raw
dow
n in
th
e gr
ound
wat
er
syst
em
and
to
eval
uate
co
rres
pond
ing
stre
amfl
owde
plet
ions
un
der
two
scen
ario
s.
The
tw
o sc
enar
ios
incl
ude
com
bine
dpr
oduc
tion
rate
s fo
r w
ells
PW
-1 a
nd P
W-3
tha
t re
flec
t co
nditi
ons
rela
ted
to t
he a
ctua
l op
erat
ion
of t
he p
lant
and
the
cor
resp
ondi
ng w
ater
de
man
ds.
The
sce
nari
os c
onsi
dere
d w
ere
base
d on
the
ass
umpt
ion
that
: (a
) G
roun
dwat
er i
s th
e pr
imar
y so
urce
of
wat
er,
and
(b)
Surf
ace
wat
er f
rom
Mea
dow
Riv
er i
s th
e pr
imar
y so
urce
of
wat
er, w
ith s
uppl
emen
tal
grou
ndw
ater
with
draw
als
whe
n th
e fl
ow i
n th
e ri
ver
falls
bel
ow g
iven
se
ason
al th
resh
olds
.
The
pum
ping
rat
es c
onsi
dere
d fo
r th
e fi
rst
scen
ario
cor
resp
onde
d to
the
ann
ual
aver
age,
m
axim
um,
and
seas
onal
(A
pril
thro
ugh
Sept
embe
r an
d O
ctob
er t
hrou
gh M
arch
) w
ater
dem
and
for
the
plan
t. B
y de
sign
, the
eff
luen
t of
the
Rai
nelle
Sew
age
Tre
atm
ent P
lant
, whi
ch c
urre
ntly
isbe
ing
disc
harg
ed t
o th
e ri
ver,
will
be
dive
rted
to
the
pow
er p
lant
to
supp
ly s
ome
of t
he w
ater
dem
and.
G
iven
tha
t th
e tr
eate
d ef
flue
nt w
ill n
ot b
e co
ntri
butin
g to
str
eam
flow
, it
is i
nclu
ded
in
the
pow
er p
lant
wat
er d
eman
d co
nsid
ered
her
ein,
in
orde
r to
ass
ess
the
effe
cts
of b
oth
the
wat
erw
ithdr
awal
s an
d re
duce
d tr
eate
d w
ater
dis
char
geto
str
eam
flow
. T
here
fore
, th
e pu
mpi
ng r
ates
us
ed f
or m
odel
pre
dict
ions
wer
e:A
vera
ge d
eman
d: 1
,049
gpm
.M
axim
um d
eman
d: 1
,179
gpm
.Se
ason
al d
eman
d: 9
60 g
pm f
or t
he p
erio
d O
ctob
er-M
arch
, and
1,1
39 g
pm f
or t
he p
erio
d A
pril-
Sept
embe
r.
For
the
seco
nd s
cena
rio,
min
imum
str
eam
flow
requ
irem
ents
for
dir
ect
wat
er w
ithdr
awal
s fr
om th
e ri
ver
impo
sed
by th
e St
ate
wer
e co
nsid
ered
. Acc
ordi
ng to
thes
e re
quir
emen
ts, w
ater
can
be
with
draw
n di
rect
ly f
rom
the
rive
r on
ly w
hen
the
flow
is h
ighe
r th
an 1
18 c
ubic
fee
t per
sec
ond
(cfs
) du
ring
the
win
ter
seas
on (
Oct
ober
-Mar
ch)
and
178
cfs
duri
ng t
he s
umm
er p
erio
d (A
pril-
Sept
embe
r).
The
pum
ping
rat
es w
ere
calc
ulat
ed b
ased
on
the
aver
age
seas
onal
dem
and,
wei
ghte
d by
the
rat
io o
f nu
mbe
r of
day
s pe
r se
ason
whe
n th
e fl
ow i
s be
low
the
min
imum
thre
shol
d to
the
num
ber
of to
tal d
ays
per
seas
on.
For
the
purp
oses
of
calc
ulat
ing
the
pum
ping
rate
s fo
r th
e se
cond
sce
nari
o, a
det
aile
d st
ream
flow
ana
lysi
s w
as c
ondu
cted
. H
isto
rica
l st
ream
flow
dat
a fo
r M
eado
w R
iver
are
ava
ilabl
e fr
om a
USG
S ga
uge
on M
eado
w R
iver
at M
cRos
s, a
few
mile
s no
rth
from
wel
l BW
-1, r
efle
ctin
gco
nditi
ons
near
by t
he w
ell
fiel
d, a
nd f
or a
sho
rt p
erio
d of
yea
rs (
1979
-198
2).
The
str
eam
flow
valu
es f
or t
his
gaug
e ar
e sh
own
in F
igur
e 3.
Ano
ther
USG
S ga
uge
is l
ocat
ed a
t M
t. L
ooko
ut, i
n
P:\1
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orts
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Appendix D2
Appendix D2
Nic
hola
s C
ount
y, W
V,
appr
oxim
atel
y 17
mile
s fr
om R
aine
lle,
with
alm
ost
cont
inuo
us d
ata
for
the
peri
od 1
966-
2007
. T
he s
trea
mfl
ow v
alue
s fo
r th
is p
erio
d ar
e sh
own
in F
igur
e 4.
Giv
en th
e sh
ort p
erio
d co
vere
d by
the
data
fro
m th
e M
cRos
s ga
uge,
and
that
onl
y th
e M
t. L
ooko
ut g
auge
pro
vide
s co
ntin
uous
dat
a th
at s
pan
a m
uch
long
er p
erio
d, t
he c
orre
latio
n of
the
da
ta f
rom
the
tw
o ga
uges
was
exa
min
ed, t
o pr
ovid
e an
equ
ival
ent
stre
amfl
ow d
atas
et t
o be
use
d fo
r th
e st
ream
flow
ana
lysi
s in
the
mod
el a
rea.
The
dra
inag
e ar
ea c
orre
spon
ding
to th
e tw
o ga
uges
w
as o
btai
ned
from
the
USG
S N
WIS
Web
Dat
abas
e an
d is
sho
wn
in th
e fo
llow
ing
tabl
e:
USG
S St
atio
n D
rain
age
Are
a (s
quar
e m
iles)
M
cRos
s,U
SG
S 0
3189
890
163
Mt.
Loo
kout
, US
GS
031
9040
036
5
The
rat
io b
etw
een
the
two
drai
nage
are
as is
app
roxi
mat
ely
2.2.
By
scal
ing
dow
n th
e da
ta
from
the
Mt.
Loo
kout
gau
ge b
y a
fact
or o
f 2.
2, t
he c
orre
latio
n co
effi
cien
t be
twee
n th
e M
cRos
sda
tase
t an
d th
e re
sulti
ng d
atas
et i
s 0.
87;
the
aver
age
stre
amfl
ow f
or t
he p
erio
d 19
79-1
982
is
347.
3 cf
s an
d 34
3.9
cfs
resp
ectiv
ely;
and
the
med
ian
stre
amfl
ow i
s 19
0.0
cfs
and
190.
9 cf
s re
spec
tivel
y.
T
here
fore
, th
e re
sulti
ng
data
set
coul
d be
co
nsid
ered
re
pres
enta
tive
of
the
stre
amfl
ow c
ondi
tions
in
Mea
dow
Riv
er n
ear
the
wel
l fi
eld
and
for
a pe
riod
of
mor
e th
an 4
0 ye
ars.
In
addi
tion,
it is
ass
umed
that
the
sam
eco
nditi
ons
will
pre
vail
in th
e ne
xt 4
0 ye
ars
and
so
the
sam
e da
tase
t ca
n be
use
d to
eva
luat
e th
e im
pact
s of
mod
el p
redi
cted
riv
er l
eaka
ge t
o st
ream
flow
.
The
ave
rage
sea
sona
l pu
mpi
ng r
ates
use
d in
Sce
nari
o 2
wer
e w
eigh
ted
to r
efle
ct t
he
oper
atin
g sc
hedu
le o
f th
e w
ells
as
a fu
nctio
n of
the
num
ber
of d
ays
the
wel
ls w
ill b
e tu
rned
on.
It
was
det
erm
ined
tha
t th
e w
eigh
ted
seas
onal
pum
ping
rat
es f
or S
cena
rio
2 is
707
gpm
(1.
58 c
fs)
for
the
peri
od A
pril-
Sept
embe
r, a
nd 2
80 g
pm (
0.62
cfs
) fo
r th
e pe
riod
Oct
ober
-Mar
ch.
Figu
re 5
ill
ustr
ates
the
num
ber
of d
ays
per
seas
on p
er y
ear
that
the
wel
ls w
ill h
ave
to b
e op
erat
ing
due
to
low
flo
w c
ondi
tions
in
Mea
dow
Riv
er.
The
val
ues
in t
his
Figu
re r
epre
sent
the
per
cent
age
ofda
ys o
f op
erat
ion
agai
nst
the
tota
l nu
mbe
r of
day
s pe
r se
ason
. T
he r
esul
ts o
f th
is a
naly
sis
are
tabu
late
d in
the
follo
win
g T
able
:
P:\1
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orts
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076
P:\1
009
Rai
nelle
\Rep
orts
\200
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ong-
Ter
m A
quif
er 6
-5-0
7\W
GC
_Rep
ort.d
oc7
6/5/
2007
Yea
r#
of
Day
sA
pr-
Sep
# o
fD
ays
Flo
w >
178
cfs
# o
fD
ays
Flo
w <
178
cfs
Ave
rag
eP
um
pin
gR
ate
Ap
r-S
ep(c
fs)
An
nu
alP
um
pin
g R
ate
Str
eam
flo
wA
pr-
Sep
(cfs
)
# o
fD
ays
Oct
-Mar
# o
f D
ays
Flo
w >
118
cfs
# o
fD
ays
Flo
w <
118
cfs
Ave
rag
eP
um
pin
g R
ate
Mar
-Oct
(cfs
)
An
nu
alA
vera
ge
Pu
mp
ing
Rat
eM
ar-O
ct(c
fs)
1966
306
242.
031.
5892
6626
0.60
0.62
1967
183
6411
91.
6518
214
636
0.42
1968
183
7111
21.
5518
312
459
0.69
1969
183
7410
91.
5118
211
963
0.74
1970
183
5912
41.
7218
213
349
0.58
1971
183
8796
1.33
182
149
330.
3919
7218
310
083
1.15
183
173
100.
1219
7318
397
861.
1918
215
230
0.35
1974
183
7311
01.
5318
214
537
0.43
1975
183
8210
11.
4018
214
438
0.45
1976
183
3015
32.
1218
317
76
0.07
1977
183
4413
91.
9318
213
646
0.54
1978
183
5412
91.
7918
210
775
0.88
1979
183
128
550.
7618
216
220
0.24
1980
183
7011
31.
5718
310
875
0.88
1981
183
9291
1.26
182
117
650.
7619
8218
374
109
1.51
182
131
510.
6019
8318
381
102
1.41
182
131
510.
6019
8418
347
136
1.89
183
6112
21.
4319
8518
30
183
2.54
182
4813
41.
5719
8618
344
139
1.93
182
140
420.
4919
8718
344
139
1.93
182
115
670.
7919
8818
357
126
1.75
183
119
640.
7519
8918
310
479
1.10
182
156
260.
3119
9018
373
110
1.53
182
157
250.
2919
9118
338
145
2.01
182
124
580.
6819
9218
380
103
1.43
183
108
750.
8819
9318
356
127
1.76
182
132
500.
5919
9418
372
111
1.54
182
109
730.
8619
9518
359
124
1.72
182
133
490.
5819
9618
310
380
1.11
183
171
120.
1419
9718
365
118
1.64
182
9092
1.08
1998
183
8010
31.
4318
210
280
0.94
1999
183
3215
12.
0918
212
062
0.73
2000
183
109
741.
0318
389
941.
1020
0118
366
117
1.62
182
7910
31.
2120
0218
364
119
1.65
182
143
390.
4620
0318
313
053
0.73
182
153
290.
3420
0418
387
961.
3318
317
211
0.13
2005
183
6711
61.
6118
214
042
0.49
2006
183
5213
11.
8218
213
646
0.54
2007
4636
100.
46
Mod
el R
esul
ts –
Dra
wdo
wn
The
res
ults
of
the
mod
el r
un u
sing
the
para
met
ers
obta
ined
fro
m c
alib
ratio
n to
aqu
ifer
test
re
sults
are
sho
wn
in F
igur
e 6,
for
the
com
bine
dan
nual
ave
rage
pum
ping
rat
e of
1,0
49 g
pm.
The
calc
ulat
ed d
raw
dow
n af
ter
25 y
ears
of
pum
ping
at
wel
l C
W-1
is
appr
oxim
atel
y 53
fee
t. T
he
calc
ulat
ed d
raw
dow
n at
pro
duct
ion
wel
l PW
-1 i
s ap
prox
imat
ely
59 f
eet
and
the
calc
ulat
ed
draw
dow
n at
pro
duct
ion
wel
l PW
-3 is
app
roxi
mat
ely
53 f
eet.
The
res
ults
of
the
mod
el r
un f
or t
he c
ombi
ned
annu
al m
axim
um p
umpi
ng r
ate
of 1
,179
gp
m a
re s
how
n in
Fig
ure
7. T
he c
alcu
late
d dr
awdo
wn
afte
r 25
yea
rs o
f pu
mpi
ng a
t wel
l CW
-1 is
appr
oxim
atel
y 62
fee
t. T
he c
alcu
late
d dr
awdo
wn
at p
rodu
ctio
n w
ell
PW-1
is
appr
oxim
atel
y 69
fe
et a
nd th
e ca
lcul
ated
dra
wdo
wn
at p
rodu
ctio
n w
ell P
W-3
is a
ppro
xim
atel
y 64
fee
t.
The
res
ults
of
the
mod
el r
un f
or t
he c
ombi
ned
seas
onal
pum
ping
rat
e of
1,1
39 g
pm
duri
ng t
he s
umm
er p
erio
d an
d 96
0 gp
m d
urin
g th
e w
inte
r pe
riod
are
sho
wn
in F
igur
e 8.
T
he
calc
ulat
ed d
raw
dow
n af
ter
25 y
ears
of
pum
ping
at
wel
l C
W-1
is
appr
oxim
atel
y 56
fee
t. T
he
Appendix D2
Appendix D2
calc
ulat
ed d
raw
dow
n at
pro
duct
ion
wel
l PW
-1 i
s ap
prox
imat
ely
64 f
eet
and
the
calc
ulat
ed
draw
dow
n at
pro
duct
ion
wel
l PW
-3 is
app
roxi
mat
ely
60 f
eet.
For
Scen
ario
2,
with
gro
undw
ater
bei
ng t
he s
uppl
emen
tal
sour
ce o
f w
ater
, th
e re
sults
of
the
mod
el r
un f
or t
he c
ombi
ned
wei
ghte
d an
nual
sea
sona
l pu
mpi
ng r
ate
of 7
07 g
pm d
urin
g th
esu
mm
er p
erio
d an
d 28
0 gp
m d
urin
g th
e w
inte
r pe
riod
are
sho
wn
in F
igur
e 9.
T
he c
alcu
late
d dr
awdo
wn
afte
r 25
yea
rs o
f pu
mpi
ng a
t w
ell
CW
-1 i
s ap
prox
imat
ely
33 f
eet.
The
cal
cula
ted
draw
dow
n at
pro
duct
ion
wel
l PW
-1 i
s ap
prox
imat
ely
36 f
eet
and
the
calc
ulat
ed d
raw
dow
n at
pr
oduc
tion
wel
l PW
-3 is
app
roxi
mat
ely
33 f
eet.
As
disc
usse
d in
the
pre
viou
s m
odel
ing
repo
rt (
S.S.
Pap
adop
ulos
and
Ass
ocia
tes,
Inc
., 20
05),
in o
rder
to a
ddre
ss c
once
rns
rega
rdin
g sh
ort-
term
drou
ght p
erio
ds, a
n an
alys
is o
f av
aila
ble
data
fro
m o
bser
vatio
n w
ells
in G
reen
brie
r, F
ayet
te, a
nd N
icho
las
Cou
ntie
s, w
hich
enc
ompa
ss th
edr
aina
ge b
asin
of
Rai
nelle
, w
as p
erfo
rmed
. T
he d
ata
wer
e do
wnl
oade
d fr
om t
he U
SGS
NW
ISW
eb D
atab
ase.
Wat
er l
evel
dat
a w
ere
cons
ider
ed o
nly
for
wel
ls w
ith a
vaila
ble
data
span
ning
mor
e th
an o
ne y
ear
and
with
suf
fici
ent n
umbe
r of
mea
sure
men
ts e
ach,
reg
ardl
ess
of th
e fo
rmat
ion
in w
hich
they
wer
e co
mpl
eted
. T
he m
axim
um w
ater
leve
l flu
ctua
tion
for
all w
ells
did
not
exce
ed 1
2 fe
et,
whi
ch c
ould
be
cons
ider
ed a
s ad
ditio
nal
draw
dow
n to
ref
lect
sho
rt-t
erm
drou
ght c
ondi
tions
.
Dra
wdo
wns
at
the
mon
itori
ng w
ells
mea
sure
d du
ring
a p
erio
d of
35
days
pri
or t
o th
e aq
uife
r te
st a
re s
how
n in
Fig
ure
10.
The
dra
wdo
wns
indi
cate
no
long
-ter
m u
pwar
d or
dow
nwar
d tr
end
duri
ng
that
pe
riod
.
How
ever
, du
ring
th
e pu
mpi
ng
phas
e th
e dr
awdo
wns
ex
hibi
t a
dow
nwar
d tr
end.
The
tr
end
is
not
cons
ider
ed
sign
ific
ant
and
the
calib
ratio
n re
sults
ar
e sa
tisfa
ctor
y.
A c
onse
rvat
ive
estim
ate
of th
e to
tal p
oten
tial d
raw
dow
n at
wel
ls C
W-1
, PW
-1, a
nd P
W-3
coul
d be
exp
ress
ed a
s th
e su
m o
f th
e pr
edic
ted
draw
dow
n an
d th
e m
axim
um w
ater
lev
elfl
uctu
atio
n co
rres
pond
ing
to p
ossi
ble
drou
ght
cond
ition
s (1
2 ft
).
Wel
l co
nstr
uctio
n da
ta a
nd t
he
rang
e of
pot
entia
l gr
ound
wat
er e
leva
tions
at
wel
ls C
W-1
, PW
-1,
and
PW-3
are
sho
wn
in t
he
follo
win
g ta
ble:
Wel
lC
asin
gE
leva
tion
(ft a
msl
)
Wel
l Dep
th
(ft)
Gro
undw
ater
Ele
vatio
npr
ior
to
Aqu
ifer
Tes
t (f
t am
sl)
Ran
ge o
f D
raw
dow
n(f
t)
Gro
undw
ater
Ele
vatio
n af
ter
25
year
s(f
t am
sl)
CW
-12,
392
200
2,37
633
-62
2,33
1-2,
302
PW-1
2,40
022
02,
373
36-6
92,
325-
2,29
2PW
-32,
388
168
2,37
233
-64
2,32
7-2,
296
It s
houl
d al
so b
e no
ted
that
, ba
sed
on i
nfor
mat
ion
obta
ined
fro
m t
he R
aine
lle W
ater
D
epar
tmen
t, th
e pu
mp
in w
ell
CW
-1 i
s se
t at
180
ft
belo
w g
roun
d su
rfac
e (a
ppro
xim
atel
y 2,
212
ft a
bove
mea
n se
a le
vel)
. T
his
sugg
ests
tha
t th
e ci
ty w
ell
will
be
capa
ble
of m
eetin
g th
e ci
ty
P:\1
009
Rai
nelle
\Rep
orts
\200
7L
ong-
Ter
m A
quif
er 6
-5-0
7\W
GC
_Rep
ort.d
oc6/
5/20
078
wat
er d
eman
ds.
Sim
ilarl
y, th
e es
timat
ed d
raw
dow
ns a
t wel
ls L
W-1
and
BW
-1 (
26-5
5 ft
and
23-
46 f
t re
spec
tivel
y) s
ugge
st t
hat
thos
e w
ells
will
als
o be
cap
able
of
mee
ting
thei
r co
rres
pond
ing
dem
ands
. The
pum
ping
rat
es c
onsi
dere
d un
der
Scen
ario
1 a
re h
ighe
r th
an t
he m
axim
um p
umpi
ng
rate
dur
ing
the
60-d
ay a
quif
er t
est.
Alth
ough
the
aqu
ifer
res
pons
e w
as e
valu
ated
und
er l
ower
pu
mpi
ng c
ondi
tions
, it
is c
omm
on h
ydro
logi
c pr
actic
e to
ext
rapo
late
giv
en t
hat
in m
ost
aqui
fer
syst
ems
the
resp
onse
is p
ropo
rtio
nal t
o th
e st
ress
.
Mod
el R
esul
ts –
Str
eam
flow
Dep
letio
n A
n an
alys
is o
f th
e so
urce
s of
the
pum
ped
wat
er d
urin
g th
e 25
-yea
r si
mul
atio
ns w
as
cond
ucte
d to
det
erm
ine
the
amou
nt o
f w
ater
com
ing
from
red
uced
dis
char
ge to
the
rive
rs a
nd th
eam
ount
com
ing
from
aqu
ifer
sto
rage
dep
letio
n.
The
rel
atio
nshi
ps o
f aq
uife
r st
orag
e de
plet
ion
over
tim
e an
d re
duce
d ri
ver
disc
harg
e ov
er t
ime
wer
e ex
amin
ed f
or t
he c
ases
of
cont
inuo
us
pum
ping
at
1,04
9gpm
, 1,
179
gpm
, se
ason
al p
umpi
ng a
t 1,
139
gpm
/960
gpm
, an
d th
e w
eigh
ted
seas
onal
pum
ping
at 7
07 g
pm/2
80 g
pm.
The
res
ults
of
this
ana
lysi
s ar
e sh
own
in F
igur
es 1
1, 1
2,
13, a
nd 1
4 re
spec
tivel
y.
The
im
pact
fro
m p
umpi
ng t
o st
ream
flow
inc
reas
es w
ith t
ime
to a
tot
al
of a
ppro
xim
atel
y 1.
8 to
2.2
cfs
, for
the
var
ious
cas
es u
nder
Sce
nari
o 1.
The
im
pact
of
pum
ping
to s
trea
mfl
ow f
or S
cena
rio
2 in
crea
ses
with
tim
e to
a to
tal o
f ap
prox
imat
ely
1.0
cfs.
It s
houl
d be
no
ted
that
thi
s im
pact
inc
lude
s a
base
line
rive
r le
akag
e in
duce
d by
pum
ping
at
wel
l C
W-1
. T
he
rela
tions
hip
of a
quif
er s
tora
ge d
eple
tion
over
tim
e an
d re
duce
d ri
ver
disc
harg
e ov
er t
ime
for
CW
-1 i
s ill
ustr
ated
in
Figu
re 1
5.
It i
s es
timat
ed t
hat
the
impa
ct o
f w
ell
CW
-1,
whe
n pu
mpi
ng15
0 gp
m f
or 2
5 ye
ars
appr
oach
es 0
.2 c
fs. T
here
fore
, the
im
pact
to
stre
amfl
ow f
rom
pum
ping
at
wel
ls P
W-1
and
PW
-3 is
app
roxi
mat
ely
1.6
to 2
.0 c
fs f
or S
cena
rio
1 an
d 0.
8 cf
s fo
r Sc
enar
io 2
.
In a
ll ca
ses,
ini
tially
mos
t of
the
pum
ped
wat
er c
omes
fro
m a
quif
er s
tora
ge d
eple
tion;
only
aft
er a
ppro
xim
atel
y 8
to 9
yea
rs o
f pu
mpi
ng d
oes
the
amou
ntof
wat
er c
omin
g fr
om r
educ
ed
rive
r di
scha
rge
equa
l th
e am
ount
com
ing
from
aqu
ifer
sto
rage
dep
letio
n.
How
ever
, w
hen
grou
ndw
ater
is
the
prim
ary
sour
ce o
f w
ater
, an
d th
eref
ore
cons
tant
pum
ping
occ
urs
thro
ugho
ut
the
entir
e 25
-yea
r pe
riod
, th
e am
ount
of
wat
er c
omin
g fr
om r
educ
ed r
iver
dis
char
ge i
s hi
gher
th
an w
hen
wei
ghte
d se
ason
al p
umpi
ng is
con
side
red.
The
res
ults
dem
onst
rate
the
lim
ited
hydr
aulic
con
nect
ion
betw
een
the
allu
vium
and
the
sa
ndst
one
unit.
St
orag
e de
plet
ion
is i
mm
edia
te w
hen
pum
ping
beg
ins
and
rem
ains
sig
nifi
cant
th
roug
hout
the
ent
ire
pum
ping
per
iod.
R
iver
lea
kage
inc
reas
es g
radu
ally
but
it
neve
r eq
uals
the
pu
mpe
d w
ater
vol
ume.
Figu
re 1
6 sh
ows
the
annu
al m
inim
um s
trea
mfl
ow v
alue
for
the
adj
uste
d da
tase
t fo
rM
cRos
s an
d th
e ca
lcul
ated
exp
ecte
d an
nual
min
imum
str
eam
flow
val
ue,
whe
n th
e w
eigh
ted
seas
onal
pum
ping
of
Scen
ario
2 is
con
side
red.
P:\1
009
Rai
nelle
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orts
\200
7L
ong-
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_Rep
ort.d
oc6/
5/20
079
Appendix D2
Appendix D2
Sect
ion
3Su
mm
ary
and
Con
clus
ions
The
gro
undw
ater
flo
w m
odel
was
rev
ised
and
rec
alib
rate
d ba
sed
on t
he l
ithol
ogic
log
s fr
om tw
o ne
w m
onito
ring
wel
ls a
nd a
long
-ter
m a
quif
er p
ump
test
. T
hese
new
dat
a ha
ve g
reat
ly
impr
oved
our
und
erst
andi
ng o
f th
e aq
uife
r sy
stem
and
the
mod
ifie
d m
odel
bet
ter
inco
rpor
ates
m
ore
regi
onal
hyd
roge
olog
ic c
ondi
tions
. S
imul
atio
ns o
f lo
ng-t
erm
pum
ping
at
com
bine
d ra
tes
wer
e co
nduc
ted
cons
ider
ing
grou
ndw
ater
as
prim
ary
sour
ce o
f w
ater
(Sc
enar
io 1
) an
d su
rfac
ew
ater
fro
m M
eado
w R
iver
as
prim
ary
sour
ce o
f w
ater
, w
ith s
uppl
emen
tal
with
draw
als
for
grou
ndw
ater
(Sc
enar
io 2
).
Our
an
alys
is
show
s th
at
it is
fe
asib
leto
m
eet
the
seas
onal
w
ater
de
man
d w
ith
grou
ndw
ater
as
the
prim
ary
sour
ce o
f w
ater
(Sc
enar
io 1
) an
d w
ith s
urfa
ce w
ater
as
the
prim
ary
sour
ce o
f w
ater
and
sup
plem
enta
l gro
undw
ater
with
draw
als
duri
ng a
25
year
per
iod
(Sce
nari
o 2)
.In
add
ition
, th
e ci
ty w
ell
will
stil
l be
cap
able
of
mee
ting
the
city
wat
er d
eman
d.
The
ana
lysi
sal
so
show
s th
at
the
impa
ct
of
pum
ping
to
st
ream
flow
at
th
e en
d of
th
e sa
me
peri
od
is
appr
oxim
atel
y 1.
6-2.
0 cf
s fo
r Sc
enar
io 1
and
app
roxi
mat
ely
0.8
cfs
for
Scen
ario
2.
P:\1
009
Rai
nelle
\Rep
orts
\200
7L
ong-
Ter
m A
quif
er 6
-5-0
7\W
GC
_Rep
ort.d
oc6/
5/20
0710
Sect
ion
4R
efer
ence
sD
oher
ty,
J. 2
005.
PE
ST V
ersi
on 9
Use
r's G
uide
. B
risb
ane,
Que
ensl
and,
Aus
tral
ia:
Wat
erm
ark
Num
eric
al C
ompu
ting.
S.S.
Pap
adop
ulos
and
Ass
ocia
tes,
Inc
., 20
05.
Eva
luat
ion
of G
roun
dwat
er P
umpi
ng i
n R
aine
lle,
Wes
t V
irgi
nia.
Pr
epar
ed
for
Poto
mac
-Hud
son
Eng
inee
ring
, B
ethe
sda,
M
aryl
and.
D
ecem
ber
2005
.
Pric
e, P
.H.
1937
. G
ener
al a
nd E
cono
mic
Map
of
Gre
enbr
ier
Cou
nty.
Wes
t V
irgi
nia
Geo
logi
cal
Surv
ey.
Wyr
ick,
G.G
., an
d J.
W.
Boc
hers
. 19
81.
Hyd
rolo
gic
Effe
cts
of S
tres
s-R
elie
f F
ract
urin
g in
an
App
alac
hian
Val
ley.
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y. W
ater
-Sup
ply
Pape
r 21
77.
P:\1
009
Rai
nelle
\Rep
orts
\200
7L
ong-
Ter
m A
quif
er 6
-5-0
7\W
GC
_Rep
ort.d
oc6/
5/20
0711
Appendix D2
Appendix D2
FIG
UR
ES
Figu
re 1
Loc
atio
n M
ap.
Appendix D2
Appendix D2
Figu
re 2
Obs
erve
d ve
rsus
Sim
ulat
ed D
raw
dow
n.
PW
-1
-
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
010
1520
2530
3540
4550
5560
6570
75
Tim
e S
ince
Sta
rt o
f T
est
(day
s)
Drawdiwn (days
5
)
mea
sure
d d
raw
do
wn
com
pu
ted
dra
wd
ow
n
PW
-3
-
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
05
1015
2025
3035
4045
5055
6065
7075
Tim
eS
ince
Sta
rt o
f T
est
(day
s)
Drawdown (ft)
mea
sure
d d
raw
do
wn
com
pu
ted
dra
wd
ow
n
BW
-1
-
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
05
1015
2025
3035
4045
5055
6065
7075
8085
Tim
e S
ince
Sta
rt o
f T
est
(day
s)
Drawdown (ft)
mea
sure
d d
raw
do
wn
com
pu
ted
dra
wd
ow
n
OW
-1
-
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
05
1015
2025
3035
4045
5055
6065
7075
8085
Tim
eS
ince
Sta
rt o
f T
est
(day
s)
Drawdown (ft)
mea
sure
d d
raw
do
wn
com
pu
ted
dra
wd
ow
n
CW
-1
-
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
010
1520
2530
3540
4550
5560
6570
75
Tim
e S
ince
Sta
rt o
f T
est
(day
s)
Drawdown (days
5
)
mea
sure
d d
raw
do
wn
com
pu
ted
dra
wd
ow
n
OW
-8
-
1 2 3
05
1015
2025
3035
4045
5055
6065
7075
Tim
eS
ince
Sta
rt o
f T
est
(day
s)
Drawdown (ft)
mea
sure
d d
raw
do
wn
com
pu
ted
dra
wd
ow
n
LW-1
-
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
05
1015
2025
3035
4045
5055
6065
7075
Tim
e S
ince
Sta
rt o
f T
est
(day
s)
Drawdown (ft)
mea
sure
d d
raw
do
wn
com
pu
ted
dra
wd
ow
n
OW
-2
-
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
05
1015
2025
3035
4045
5055
6065
7075
8085
Tim
e S
ince
Sta
rt o
f T
est
(day
s)
Drawdown (ft)
mea
sure
d d
raw
do
wn
com
pu
ted
dra
wd
ow
n
OW
-9
-
1 2 3 4 5
05
1015
2025
3035
4045
5055
6065
7075
Tim
e S
ince
Sta
rt o
f T
est
(day
s)
Drawdown (ft)
mea
sure
d d
raw
do
wn
com
pu
ted
dra
wd
ow
n
1
10
100
100
0
1000
0 No
v-7
9O
ct-8
0O
ct-8
1O
ct-8
2
Streamflow (cfs) Figu
re 3
Stre
amfl
ow D
ata
for
Mea
dow
Riv
er (
USG
S 03
1898
90, M
cRos
s W
V).
1
10
100
100
0
100
00
1000
00
D-6
4D
-68
D-7
2D
-76
D-8
0D
-84
D-8
8D
-92
D-9
6D
-00
D-0
4D
-08
Streamflow (cfs)
Figu
re 4
Stre
amfl
ow D
ata
for
Mea
dow
Riv
er (
USG
S 03
1904
00, M
t. L
ooko
ut W
V).
Appendix D2
Appendix D2
1966
1968
1970
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
% G
roun
dwat
erW
inte
r%
Gro
undw
ater
Sum
mer
Figu
re 5
Ann
ual N
umbe
r of
Day
s pe
r Se
ason
for
Gro
undw
ater
Pum
ping
PW
-4
5
55
5
5
5
5
10
10
10
10
10
10
1010
10
10
10
15
15
15
15
1515
115
15
5
20
20
20
2020
20
20
20
25
25
25
25
2525
25
30
30
30
30
30
35
3535
35
40
40
40
40
45
54
50
4000
feet
PW
-1
PW
-3
CW
-1
Lilly
Par
k
LW-1
BW
-1
OW
-8
Figu
re 6
Sim
ulat
ed D
raw
dow
n af
ter
25 y
ears
(Q
=1,
049
gpm
).
Appendix D2
Appendix D2
PW
-4
5
55
5
5
5
10
1010
10
10
10 10
10
10
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
1515
15
20
20
20
20
2020
20
20
20
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
30
30
30
30
3030
30
35
3535
35
35
40
40
40
40
45
45
45
45
5050
50
55
55
4000
feet
PW
-1
PW
-3
CW
-1
Lilly
Par
k
LW-1
BW
-1
OW
-8
Figu
re 7
Sim
ulat
ed D
raw
dow
n af
ter
25 y
ears
(Q
=1,
179
gpm
).
PW
-4
5
55
5
5
5
5
1
10
0
10
10 1
0
10 10
10
10
10
15
15
15
15
15
1515
15
15
15
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
30
30
30
30
30
35
35
35
35
35
40
40
40
40
40
45
45
45
45
50
50
4000
feet
PW
-1
PW
-3
CW
-1
Lilly
Par
k
LW-1
BW
-1
OW
-8
Figu
re 8
Sim
ulat
ed D
raw
dow
n af
ter
25 y
ears
(
Q=
960
gpm
Win
ter
– 1,
139
gpm
Sum
mer
).
Appendix D2
Appendix D2
Figu
re 9
Sim
ulat
edD
raw
dow
naf
ter
25ye
ars
(Wei
ghte
dQ
=70
7gp
mW
inte
r–
280
gpm
Sum
mer
).
PW
-4
5
55
5
5
5
5
5
5
55
5
5
10
10
10
10
1010
10
10
15
15
15
15
15
20
2020
20
20
2525
25
25
30
4000
feet
PW
-1
PW
-3
CW
-1
Lilly
Par
k
LW-1
BW
-1
OW
-8
CW
-1
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10
-5
1015
2025
3035
40
Tim
e (
day
s)
Normalized WaterLevel (ft)
PW
-1
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10-
510
1520
2530
3540
Tim
e (
day
s)
Normalized WaterLevel (ft.)
BW
-1
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10
05
1015
2025
3035
40
Tim
e (
day
s)
Normalized Water Level(ft.)
LC-1
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10
05
1015
2025
3035
40
Tim
e (
day
s)
Normalized Water Level (ft.)
OW
-1
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10
05
1015
2025
3035
40
Tim
e (
day
s)
Normalized Water Level (ft.)
6
OW
-2
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10
05
1015
2025
3035
40
Tim
e (
day
s)
Normalized Water Level (ft.)
OW
-9
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10
05
1015
2025
3035
40
Tim
e (
day
s)
Normalized Water Level(ft.)
PW
-3
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10
05
1015
2025
30
Tim
e (
day
s)
Normalized Water Level(ft.)
Wat
er le
vel d
ata
norm
aliz
ed to
initi
al w
ater
leve
ls m
easu
red
at e
ach
wel
l.
Figu
re 1
0O
bser
ved
Wat
erL
evel
spr
ior
toA
quif
erT
est.
Appendix D2
Appendix D2
-0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
-1,
000
2,00
03,
000
4,00
05,
000
6,00
07,
000
8,00
09,
000
10,0
00
Tim
e (d
ays)
Flow Rate(cfs)
Sto
rage
Riv
er L
eaka
ge
3.0
Figu
re 1
1St
orag
e D
eple
tion
vers
us R
iver
Lea
kage
ove
r a
25 Y
ear
Peri
od
(Q=
1,04
9 gp
m)
-0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
-1,
000
2,00
03,
000
4,00
05,
000
6,00
07,
000
8,00
09,
000
10,0
00
Tim
e (d
ays)
Flow Rate(cfs)
Sto
rage
Riv
er L
eaka
ge
4.0
3.5
Figu
re 1
2St
orag
e D
eple
tion
vers
us R
iver
Lea
kage
ove
r a
25 Y
ear
Peri
od
(Q=
1,17
9 gp
m)
-0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
-1,
000
2,00
03,
000
4,00
05,
000
6,00
07,
000
8,00
09,
000
10,0
00
Tim
e (d
ays)
Flow Rate (cfs)
Sto
rage
Riv
er L
eaka
ge
Figu
re 1
3St
orag
e D
eple
tion
vers
us R
iver
Lea
kage
ove
r a
25 Y
ear
Peri
od
(Q=
960
gpm
Win
ter
– 1,
139
gpm
Sum
mer
)
-0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
-1,
000
2,00
03,
000
4,00
05,
000
6,00
07,
000
8,00
09,
000
10,0
00
Tim
e (d
ays)
Flow Rate (cfs)
Sto
rage
Riv
er L
eaka
ge
Figu
re 1
4St
orag
e D
eple
tion
vers
us R
iver
Lea
kage
ove
r a
25 Y
ear
Peri
od
(Wei
ghte
d Q
=70
7 gp
m W
inte
r –
280
gpm
Sum
mer
)
Appendix D2
Appendix D2
-0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
-1,
000
2,00
03,
000
4,00
05,
000
6,00
07,
000
8,00
09,
000
10,0
00
Tim
e (d
ays)
Flow Rate (cfs)
0.35
Sto
rage
Riv
er L
eaka
ge
Figu
re 1
5St
orag
e D
eple
tion
vers
us R
iver
Lea
kage
ove
r a
25 Y
ear
Peri
od,
CW
-1 (
Q=
150
gpm
)
-10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
05
1015
2025
3035
4045
Ye
ars
Streamflow (cfs)
Adj
uste
d M
inim
um S
trea
mflo
wM
inim
um S
trea
mflo
w
Figu
re 1
6M
inim
um a
nd A
djus
ted
Min
imum
Str
eam
flow
Val
ues
for
Mea
dow
R
iver
.
Appendix D2
Appendix D2
Log of PW-1 based on geophysical log and video by Ed Custer, Jr
Top Elevation: 2,400.29 ft amsl
Top_Depth Bot_Depth Thickness (ft) Lithologic_Description Comments
0.00 45.00 45.00 Casing or surface matter
45.00 66.00 21.00 Shale, sandy, red, with sandstone
streaks
66.00 71.00 5.00 Shale, red, with interbedded sandstone
71.00 89.00 18.00 Shale, sandy, red, with sandstone
streaks
89.00 90.00 1.00 Sandstone, gray
90.00 91.00 1.00 Shale, sandy, red, with sandstone
streaks
91.00 126.00 35.00 Sandstone, gray
126.00 150.00 24.00 Shale, sandy, red, with sandstone
streaks
Log of PW-3 based on geophysical log and video by Ed Custer, Jr
Top Elevation: 2,388.95 ft amslTop_Depth Bot_Depth Thickness (ft) Lithologic_Description Comments
0.00 52.00 52.00 Casing
52.00 54.30 2.30 Sandstone, gray crossbedded Horizontal fracture at base no H20 or iron staining
54.30 77.00 22.70 Shale, sandy, red and green Annealed 45-75 degree fractures
77.00 87.45 10.45 Sandstone, gray crossbedded
87.45 92.35 4.90 Sandstone, gray crossbedded Horizontal Broken Zones and fractures H20, iron
staining on fractures
92.35 110.00 17.65 Sandstone, gray crossbedded
110.00 111.00 1.00 Conglomerate, gray Pebbles and Cobbles
111.00 114.00 3.00 Sandstone, gray crossbedded Fracture At 113.55 some iron staining
114.00 146.00 32.00 Shale, sandy, red and green
146.00 148.50 2.50 Sandstone, gray with shale streaks Near horizontal Fracture at 147 iron staining
148.50 168.44 19.94 Sandstone, gray crossbedded
Log of PW-4 based on geophysical log and video by Ed Custer, Jr
Top Elevation: 2,446.88 ft amslTop_Depth Bot_Depth Thickness (ft) Lithologic_Description Comments
0.00 39.00 39.00 Casing H20 9.5 Rock reported at 22.5 ft by driller
39.00 43.00 4.00 Sandstone, gray, crossbedded
43.00 46.50 3.50 Sandy Shale
46.50 66.00 19.50 Sandstone, gray, crossbedded
66.00 67.00 1.00 Sandy Shale
67.00 81.75 14.75 Sandstone, gray, crossbedded H20 horizontal bedding fracture 80.5'81.75 92.00 10.25 Sandy Shale, light grey green, ripple
bedded
Horizontal bedding fractures @86, 88.5
92.00 126.00 34.00 Sandy Shale,red & green
126.00 136.00 10.00 Shale,red & green, interbedded
sandstone beds
136.00 139.00 3.00 Sandstone, gray, crossbedded
139.00 212.50 73.50 Sandy Shale,red & green
212.50 215.00 2.50 Sandstone, gray, crossbedded
215.00 226.50 11.50 Sandy Shale,red & green
226.50 234.00 7.50 Shale,red & green, interbedded
sandstone beds
234.00 247.32 13.32 Sandy Shale,red & green
Appendix D3
Appendix D3
Log of OW-1A (Danny McCoy, Rob Ridgeway, Engineering & Testing 2000, Inc.)
Top Elevation: 2,397.51 ft amslTop_Depth Bot_Depth Thickness (ft) Lithologic_Description Comments
0.00 4.50 4.50 CL, Clay, Red Brown, sandstone gravel Moist
4.50 5.00 0.50 CH, Dark gray, medium plastic Moist
5.00 6.50 1.50 CH, Gray, sandy, plastic Moist
6.50 10.00 3.50 CH, Gray, slightly silty,medium plastic Water 9 feet
10.00 11.50 1.50 CH, Gray, trace silt and organics, plastic Wet
11.50 15.00 3.50 CH, Gray, trace silt and organics, plastic Wet
15.00 16.50 1.50 10" SP, Sand, Gray
6" CL, Clay, Gray, sandy
2" SP, Sandy, Gray
Wet
16.50 17.50 1.00 SP, Sand, Gray Wet
17.50 Did not go to auger refusal
Log of OW-1B (Earl Tuckwiller, Tuckwiller Well Drilling)
Top Elevation: 2,397.29 ft amslTop_Depth Bot_Depth Thickness (ft) Lithologic_Description Comments
0.00 2.00 2.00 Fill
2.00 5.00 3.00 Clay/silt
5.00 19.00 14.00 Sand
19.00 30.00 11.00 Shale, Red
30.00 35.00 5.00 Sandstone
35.00 81.00 46.00 Shale, Sandy, Red Water at 81 feet
81.00 96.00 15.00 Sandstone
96.00 98.00 2.00 Shale, Sandy, Red
98.00 100.00 2.00 Sandstone
100.00 104.00 4.00 Shale
104.00 121.00 17.00 Sandstone
121.00 138.00 17.00 Shale, Sandy, Red Water at 138 feet
138.00 148.00 10.00 Sandstone Fractured at 148 feet
148.00 160.00 12.00 Shale, Sandy, Blue
Log of OW-2A (Danny McCoy, Rob Ridgeway, Engineering & Testing 2000, Inc.)
Top Elevation: 2,391.50 ft amslTop_Depth Bot_Depth Thickness (ft) Lithologic_Description Comments
0.00 0.25 0.25 Top Soil
0.25 2.50 2.25 CL, Clay, Red Brown, weathered shale
chips
Moist
2.50 3.50 1.00 CH, Clay, Gray, medium plastic Moist
3.50 5.00 1.50 CH, Clay, Tan, medium plastic Moist
5.00 6.50 1.50 CH, Clay, Gray, plastic Moist
6.50 9.00 2.50 CH, Clay, Gray, plastic Moist
9.00 10.00 1.00 SP, Sand, Gray, clayey Water 9 feet
10.00 11.50 1.50 5" SP, Sand, Gray, medium grained
1.5" SP, Sand, Gray, clayey, orgaincs
11.5" SP, Sand, Gray, clayey
Wet
11.50 15.00 3.50 SP, Sand, Gray, clayey Wet
15.00 16.50 1.50 SP, Sand, Gray, medium to fine
grained, This material probably was
from material that flowed into the
auger
Wet
15.50 Auger Refusal
Appendix D3
Appendix D3
Log of OW-2B (Earl Tuckwiller, Tuckwiller Well Drilling)
Top Elevation: 2,393.19 ft amslTop_Depth Bot_Depth Thickness (ft) Lithologic_Description Comments
0.00 3.00 3.00 Fill
3.00 18.00 15.00 Sand
18.00 32.00 14.00 Shale, Red
32.00 40.00 8.00 Sandstone
40.00 50.00 10.00 Shale, Sandy, Red Water at 50 feet
50.00 71.00 21.00 Sandstone Hard
71.00 87.00 16.00 Shale, Sandy, Red Water at 87 feet
87.00 96.00 9.00 Sandstone
96.00 128.00 32.00 Shale, Sandy, Red Water at 128 feet
128.00 135.00 7.00 Sandstone
135.00 140.00 5.00 Shale, Sandy, Red
140.00 160.00 20.00 Shale, Sandy, Blue
Log of OW-3A (Danny McCoy, Rob Ridgeway, Engineering & Testing 2000, Inc.)
Top Elevation: 2,394.39 ft amslTop_Depth Bot_Depth Thickness (ft) Lithologic_Description Comments
0.00 0.50 0.50 Top Soil, Clay, Dark Brown, with
organics
0.50 5.00 4.50 CL, Clay, Tan, silty Moist
5.00 6.50 1.50 3" SP, Sand, Tan, Moist
2" Clay, Black, Moist
13" SP, Sand, Tan, fine grained, clayey,
Wet6.50 10.00 3.50 SP, Sand, Tan, clayey Wet
10.00 11.50 1.50 5 SP, Sand, Tan, clayey,
13" SP, Sand, Gray, medium-fine
grained
Wet
11.50 12.25 0.75 SP, Sand, Gray Wet
12.25 Auger Refusal
Log of OW-3B (Earl Tuckwiller, Tuckwiller Well Drilling)
Top Elevation: 2,393.66 ft amslTop_Depth Bot_Depth Thickness (ft) Lithologic_Description Comments
0.00 2.00 2.00 Fill
2.00 18.00 16.00 Sand
18.00 20.00 2.00 Clay and Wood
20.00 50.00 30.00 Shale, Sandy, Red Water at 38 feet
50.00 65.00 15.00 Shale, Sandy, Blue
65.00 95.00 30.00 Sandstone, white
95.00 113.00 18.00 Shale, Sandy, Blue
113.00 128.00 15.00 Shale, Sandy, Red
128.00 134.00 6.00 Shale, Sandy, Blue
134.00 138.00 4.00 Shale, Sandy, Red
138.00 160.00 22.00 Shale, Sandy, Blue
Appendix D3
Appendix D3
Log of OW-4A (Danny McCoy, Rob Ridgeway, Engineering & Testing 2000, Inc.)
Top Elevation: 2,402.57 ft amslTop_Depth Bot_Depth Thickness (ft) Lithologic_Description Comments
0.00 0.25 0.25 Top Soil
0.25 1.50 1.25 Fill, CL, Clay, Green Gray, silty Moist
1.50 2.50 1.00 Fill, CL, Clay, Tan, coal chips Hard Augering
2.50 3.50 1.00 Fill, Clay, coal and rock chips
3.50 5.00 1.50 CL, Clay, Black, Fill?
5.00 6.50 1.50 Fill, Clay, silt, wood chips Moist
6.50 7.50 1.00 Fill, Clay, silt, wood chips Moist
7.50 10.00 2.50 CL, Clay, Black, slightly plastic Moist
10.00 11.50 1.50 CH, Clay, Gray, plastic Moist
11.50 13.00 1.50 CH, Clay, Gray, plastic Moist
13.00 15.00 2.00 SP/CH, Sand, Gray, Clayey Wet
15.00 16.50 1.50 SP/CH, Sand, Gray, Clayey Wet
15.00 Did not go to auger refusal
Log of OW-4B (Earl Tuckwiller, Tuckwiller Well Drilling)
Top Elevation: 2,403.17 ft amslTop_Depth Bot_Depth Thickness (ft) Lithologic_Description Comments
0.00 2.00 2.00 Fill
2.00 18.00 16.00 Clay, sandy
18.00 48.00 30.00 Shale, Red
48.00 61.00 13.00 Sandstone Water at 50 feet
61.00 88.00 27.00 Shale, Sandy, Red
88.00 91.00 3.00 Shale, Sandy, Blue
91.00 121.00 30.00 Sandstone Water at 91 and 121 feet
121.00 138.00 17.00 Shale, Sandy, Blue
138.00 148.00 10.00 Shale, Sandy, Red
148.00 160.00 12.00 Shale, Sandy, Blue
Log of OW-5A (Danny McCoy, Rob Ridgeway, Engineering & Testing 2000, Inc.)
Top Elevation: 2,415.29 ft amslTop_Depth Bot_Depth Thickness (ft) Lithologic_Description Comments
0.00 0.50 0.50 Top Soil
0.50 2.00 1.50 Fill, CL, Clay, Black, slightly plastic Moist
2.00 3.50 1.50 CL, Clay, Dark Gray to Tan Moist
3.50 5.00 1.50 CH, Clay, Tan, plastic Moist
5.00 6.50 1.50 5" CH, Clay, Dark Gray, organics,
plastic 10" CH, Clay, Tan, plastic
Moist
6.50 8.00 1.50 CH, Clay, Tan, plastic Moist Water at 8 feet
8.00 10.00 2.00 SP, Sand, Gray, clayey, fine-medium
grained
Wet
10.00 11.50 1.50 2" CH, Clay, Gray, plastic, Wet
6" SP, Sand, Tan, Wet
10" MH, Silt, Gray, very fine sandy,
moist to wet
Wet
11.50 13.00 1.50 MH, Silt, Gray, sandy,
13.00 Did not go to auger refusal
Appendix D3
Appendix D3
Log of OW-5B (Earl Tuckwiller, Tuckwiller Well Drilling)
Top Elevation: 2,413.62 ft amslTop_Depth Bot_Depth Thickness (ft) Lithologic_Description Comments
0.00 2.00 2.00 Fill
2.00 15.00 13.00 Clay, sandy
15.00 28.00 13.00 Shale, Soft
28.00 51.00 23.00 Shale, Red
51.00 54.00 3.00 Shale, Red, Hard
54.00 58.00 4.00 Sandstone, Hard
58.00 71.00 13.00 Shale, Red
71.00 76.00 5.00 Shale, Red, Hard
76.00 85.00 9.00 Shale, Sandy, Red
85.00 91.00 6.00 Sandstone Water 85-91 Feet
91.00 108.00 17.00 Sandstone
108.00 109.00 1.00 Sandstone Water 108-109 feet
109.00 121.00 12.00 Sandstone
121.00 137.00 16.00 Sandstone Water at 137 feet
137.00 144.00 7.00 Shale, Sandy, Blue
144.00 160.00 16.00 Shale, Sandy, Red
Log of OW-6A (Danny McCoy, Rob Ridgeway, Engineering & Testing 2000, Inc.)
Top Elevation: 2,400.83 ft amslTop_Depth Bot_Depth Thickness (ft) Lithologic_Description Comments
0.00 0.25 0.25 Top Soil
0.25 3.50 3.25 Fill, Clay, gravel, pieces of concrete
3.50 5.00 1.50 CL, Clay, Black, sandy, fill? Moist
5.00 6.50 1.50 12" CL, Gray, sandy, fine grained, Wet
6" CH, Clay, Gray, Organics
Wet/Moist
6.50 10.00 3.50 CH, Clay, Gray, plastic Water at 7 feet
10.00 11.50 1.50 8" MH, Silt, tan/brown, clayey, sticky
10" CH, Clay, Tan and Gray, Plastic
Moist/Wet
11.50 15.00 3.50 CH, Clay, Tan and Gray, Plastic Wet, Slow Augering
15.00 16.50 1.50 CH/MH, Clay and Silt, Tan and Gray,
Plastic, Trace of coal and sand
16.50 20.00 3.50 CH, Clay, silty, dark gray, sticky Wet, Slow Augering
20.00 25.00 5.00 CH/MH, Clay, silty, sandy, dark gray,
sticky
Water at 21 feet
25.00 No Auger Refusal
Log of OW-6B (Earl Tuckwiller, Tuckwiller Well Drilling)
Top Elevation: 2,401.34 ft amslTop_Depth Bot_Depth Thickness (ft) Lithologic_Description Comments
0.00 3.00 3.00 Fill
3.00 24.00 21.00 Clay, silty
24.00 70.00 46.00 Shale, Red
70.00 92.00 22.00 Sandstone, Hard, Red Water 92 Feet
92.00 125.00 33.00 Sandstone, Hard, salt and pepper
125.00 135.00 10.00 Shale, Sandy
135.00 160.00 25.00 Shale, Red
Appendix D3
Appendix D3
Log of OW-7A (Danny McCoy, Rob Ridgeway, Engineering & Testing 2000, Inc.)
Top Elevation: 2,403.76 ft amslTop_Depth Bot_Depth Thickness (ft) Lithologic_Description Comments
0.00 9.00 9.00 Clay, Tan/Dark Brown Moist
9.00 12.00 3.00 SP - Sand, gray, medium grained, Wet Water at 9 feet
12.00 Auger Refusal Water at 2.5 feet after drilling
Log of OW-8 (Earl Tuckwiller, Tuckwiller Well Drilling)
Top Elevation: 2,410.75 ft amslTop_Depth Bot_Depth Thickness (ft) Lithologic_Description Comments
0.00 40.00 40.00 Overburden
40.00 60.00 20.00 Blue sand shale (little water
encountered at 51 feet)
60.00 98.00 38.00 White sand rock (water encountered at
89 feet)
98.00 100.00 2.00 Blue and black rock with sulphur odor
100.00 120.00 20.00 White sandstone
120.00 147.00 27.00 Blue and white sand stone
147.00 200.00 53.00 Red shale
Log of OW-9 (Earl Tuckwiller, Tuckwiller Well Drilling)
Top Elevation: 2,413.38 ft amslTop_Depth Bot_Depth Thickness (ft) Lithologic_Description Comments
0.00 14.00 14.00 Overburden
14.00 34.00 20.00 Red shale
34.00 60.00 26.00 Reddish-blue shale
60.00 80.00 20.00 Blue Shale Little water at 60 ft.
80.00 99.00 19.00 Blue sandy shale
99.00 100.00 1.00 Red shale
100.00 120.00 20.00 Blue shale with little red shale 15 gpm of water at 110 ft.
120.00 125.00 5.00 Blue shale
125.00 140.00 15.00 Red shale More water encountered at 135 ft.
140.00 160.00 20.00 Red Shale
Appendix D3
Appendix D3