appendix e derivation of water criteria (incidental direct ... · combining the pathway-specific...

Human Health Risk Assessment for the RAAF Base Amberley PFAS Investigation Ref: AU/17/ALBR002-E

Appendix E Derivation of Water Criteria (Incidental Direct Contact)


Human health water criteria have been derived on the same basis as presented in the NEPM for workers (NEPC 1999 amended 2013a). The risk-based criteria (RBC) for water have been derived for PFOS + PFHxS and PFOA on the basis of a threshold approach. Where this is the case the criteria for an exposure pathway (x), can be back-calculated by setting the estimated intake for a chemical (i) to the acceptable intake allowable from soil for that chemical (i), then rearranging the equation as follows:

RBCx,i �mgL �=

Acceptable IntakeIntake from Contamination =

acceptable intake from water x body weight x averageing timeingestion rate x exposure frequency x exposure duration

Equation 1

Similarly, criteria can be derived for other pathways of exposure, with the final RBC calculated by combining the pathway-specific RBC as noted below:

( )

+

=

dermalingestion RBCRBC

LmgRBC11

1/ Equation 2

where:

RBCingestion = derived water guideline associated with incidental ingestion of water by adult workers, refer to Equation 3

RBCdermal = derived water guideline associated with dermal absorption of contaminant in water by adult workers, refer to Equation 4

This approach assumes that the pathways of exposure are all complete and are additive, and that the toxicological end point considered for all pathways of exposure are the same or additive.

The following outlines the equations used to calculate the pathway specific RBC. Table E1 presents a summary of the exposure assumptions adopted for the calculations

EDEFBAIRATBWBITDILmgRBC

oW

TAooingestion ×××

××−=

))%100(()/( Equation 3

EDEFCFDPxETSAATBWBITDILmgRBC

A

TAoDdermal ××××

××−=

))%100(()/( Equation 4


where: TDIo = TDI relevant for the quantification of oral and dermal intakes, (as mg/kg/day for threshold

contaminants) (refer to Section 5) BIo = background intakes relevant to oral/dermal or inhalation exposures (from sources other than soil,

which include food, water, air and consumer products where relevant) (as % of the TDIo) IRW = ingestion rate of water by adult workers (mg/day) BAo = oral bioavailability (unitless, expressed as a fraction of 1) SAA = exposed skin surface area for adult workers (cm2) DP = dermal permeability of chemical (cm/hr) CF = conversion factor of 1x10-3 (L/cm3) EF = exposure frequency (days/year) ED = exposure duration for adult workers (years) BWA = body weight of adult workers (kg) ATT = averaging time for threshold contaminants (days, = ED x 365 days)

Table E1: Exposure Parameters Adopted for Calculation of Water RBC Exposure Workers Exposure Duration 30 years (conservative value).

(Note, as PFOS and PFOA act via a threshold mechanism, the assumption of a 1 year or 30-year exposure duration does not affect the risk calculations as this value cancels out).

Exposure Frequency 96 days per year (assumes a worker is in contact with PFAS water 2 days per week – for working weeks on the site) (conservative assumption based on professional judgement).

Body weight 78 kg (average adult body weight) (enHealth 2012b) Averaging Time (non-carcinogenic)

Exposure duration x 365 days

Bioavailability 100% (maximum possible) Incidental Direct Contact with Water Gastrointestinal Absorption 100% (maximum possible) Ingestion Rate 0.005 L/day (industry standard value for contaminated site risk assessments in

Australia, assumes 5 mL of water or 1 teaspoon is ingested including water droplets/mist in air)

Time Spent Wet 2 hrs/day (assumed time workers may be wet) Skin Surface Area 4,750 cm2 for hands and forearms (enHealth 2012b) Dermal Permeability to Water 3.25x10-5 cm/hour, dermal permeability value for PFOA from ATSDR (2015) for

mouse skin (more conservative than human skin), adopted for PFOS + PFHxS and PFOA in the absence of chemical specific data

On the basis of the above, the following RBC have been derived for PFAS in water.


Derivation of Water CriteriaWorker Exposures

Summary of Exposure Parameters Abbreviation units Parameter References/NotesWater Ingestion Rate - Adults IRW L/day 0.005 Assume incidental ingestion of 5 mL per day (1 teaspoon)Surface Area of Skin - Adults SAA cm2/day 4750 Hands and forearms (enHealth 2012a)Time Spent Wet ET hours 2 AssumedBody weight - Adults BWC kg 78 Average for adults as per enHealth (2012a)Exposure Frequency EF days/year 96 Assumes contact with surface water 2 days per working weekExposure Duration - Adults EDC years 30 Schedule B7, Table 5Averaging Time (noncarcinogenic) ATT days ED*365 Calculated based on ED

Threshold Calculations - Adult Worker

CompoundWater

IngestionDermal

PFOS + PFHxS 0.00002 1 0.00002 100% 3.25E-05 80% 0.001 10% 2.4E-01 3.8E+00 0.22 0.2PFOA 0.00016 1 0.00016 100% 3.25E-05 80% 0.001 10% 1.9E+00 3.1E+01 1.8 1.8

Toxicity Reference Value Oral

(TRVO) (mg/kg/day)

GI Absorption

(GAF) (unitless)

Toxicity Reference

Value Dermal (TRVD)

(mg/kg/day)

Oral Bioavailability

BAO (%)

Dermal Permeability

(DP) (unitless)

Background Intake

Oral/Dermal (BIO) (% of

TDI)

Toxicity Reference

Value Inhalation

(TRVI) (mg/m3)

Background Intake

Inhalation (BIi) (% of

TC)

Pathway Specific HILs (mg/L)

Derived Water RBC (not

rounded) (mg/L)

Derived Water RBC (to 1 or 2 s.f.) (mg/L)

Human Health Risk Assessment for the RAAF Base Amberley PFAS Investigation Ref: CH2M/18/AMBR001-F

Appendix F Derivation of Soil Criteria (Residential Excluding Produce)


Human health soil criteria have been derived on the same basis as presented in the NEPM for residents (NEPC 1999 amended 2013a). The risk-based criteria (RBC) for soil have been derived for PFAS on the basis of a threshold approach. Where this is the case the soil criteria for an exposure pathway (x), can be back-calculated by setting the estimated intake for a chemical (i) to the acceptable intake allowable from soil for that chemical (i), then rearranging the equation as follows:

RBCx,i �mgkg �=

Acceptable IntakeIntake from Contamination =

acceptable intake(i) from soil x body weight x averageing timeingestion rate (i) x exposure frequency x exposure duration

Equation 1

Similarly, criteria can be derived for other pathways of exposure, with the final RBC calculated by combining the pathway-specific RBC as below, noting that the HEPA (2018) guidelines for residential soil with <10% produce have not included dermal absorption in the calculations:

( )

+

=

dustingestion RBCRBC

kgmgRBC11

1/ Equation 2

where:

RBCingestion = derived soil guideline associated with the ingestion of soil and dust by children (most sensitive), refer to Equation 3

RBCdust = derived soil guideline associated with inhalation of contaminants in dust by children (most sensitive), refer to Equation 4

This approach assumes that the pathways of exposure are all complete and are additive.

The following outlines the equations used to calculate the pathway specific RBC. Table F1 presents a summary of the exposure assumptions adopted for the calculations, which are the default values adopted in the NEPM (NEPC 1999 amended 2013a).

EDEFCFBAIRATBWBITRV

kgmgRBCoSC

TAooingestion ××××

××−=

))%100(()/( Equation 3

EDEFRFETTFPEF

ETPEF

ATBITRVkgmgRBC

ii

oo

Tiidust

×××

××+

×

×−=

11))%100(()/( Equation 4


where: TRVo = toxicity reference value relevant for the quantification of oral, dermal or inhalation intakes, (as

mg/kg/day for threshold contaminants) (refer to Section 5) BIo = background intakes relevant to oral/dermal or inhalation exposures (from sources other than soil,

which include food, water, air and consumer products where relevant) (as % of the TRVo) assumed to be 80% consistent with the conservative approach outlined by HEPA (2018)

IRSC = ingestion rate of soil/dust (mg/day) BAo = oral bioavailability (unitless, expressed as a fraction of 1) CF = conversion factor of 1x10-6 to convert mg to kg PEFi,o = particulate emission factor (or dust loading) for outdoor (O) or indoor (I) air (m3/kg) ETi,o = exposure time outdoors (O) or indoors (I) (hours/day) TF = indoor dust transport factor (unitless) RF = lung retention factor relevant for the inhalation of dust from site (unitless) EF = exposure frequency (days/year) ED = exposure duration (years) BWA = body weight (kg) ATT = averaging time for threshold contaminants (days, = ED x 365 days for oral/dermal exposures and =

ED x 365 days x 24 hours for inhalation exposures) Table F1: Exposure Parameters Adopted for Calculation of Residential Soil RBCs

Parameter Symbol Units HIL A – Residential: Young Child (Most Sensitive)

(HEPA 2018) Body weight BWA kg 15 Exposure duration ED years 6 Exposure frequency EF days 365 Soil/dust ingestion rate IngR mg/day 100 Time spent indoors on site each day Timein hours 20 Time spent outdoors on site each day Timeout hours 4 Dust lung retention factor LR % 37.5 Particulate emission factor indoors PEFi m3/kg 2.6 x 107 Particulate emission factor outdoors PEFo m3/kg 2.9 x 1010 Indoor dust transfer factor TF -- 0.5 Oral bioavailability BAo % 100 Background intake oral BIo % 80 Background intake inhalation BIi % 0

On the basis of the above, the following RBC have been derived for PFAS in soil in a residential setting where no edible produce is home-grown.


Derivation of Soil CriteriaResidential - No produce

Summary of Exposure Parameters Abbreviation units Parameter References/Notes

Soil and Dust Ingestion Rate - Adults IRSA mg/day 100 Values from NEPM for HIL-A, as adopted by HEPA (2018)Time Spent Outdoors ETo hours 4 Values from NEPM for HIL-A, as adopted by HEPA (2018)Time Spent Indoors ETi hours 20 Values from NEPM for HIL-A, as adopted by HEPA (2018)Lung Retention Factor RF - 0.375 Values from NEPM for HIL-A, as adopted by HEPA (2018)

Particulate Emission Factor PEFo (m3/kg) 2.9E+10 Values from NEPM for HIL-A, as adopted by HEPA (2018)

Indoor Air Dust Factor PEFi (m3/kg) 2.6E+07 Values from NEPM for HIL-A, as adopted by HEPA (2018)Fraction of indoor dust comprised of outdoor soil TF - 0.5 Values from NEPM for HIL-A, as adopted by HEPA (2018)Body weight BWC kg 15 Values from NEPM for HIL-A, as adopted by HEPA (2018)Exposure Frequency EF days/year 365 Values from NEPM for HIL-A, as adopted by HEPA (2018)Exposure Duration EDC years 6 Values from NEPM for HIL-A, as adopted by HEPA (2018)

Averaging Time (noncarcinogenic) ATT days ED*365 Calculated based on ED for each relevant age group, multiplied by 24 hours for the assessment of inhalation exposures

Threshold Calculations - Child Resident

CompoundSoil

Ingestion Dermal Dust

PFOS+PFHxS 0.00002 1 0.00002 100% 80% 0.00007 0% 6.0E-01 NA 1.1E+04 0.6 0.6PFOA 0.00016 1 0.00016 100% 80% 0.00056 0% 4.8E+00 NA 9.2E+04 4.8 5

GI Absorption

(GAF) (unitless)

Toxicity Reference

Value Dermal (TRVD)

(mg/kg/day)

Oral Bioavailability

BAO (%)

Dermal Absorption

Factor (DAF) (unitless)

Pathway Specific HILs (mg/kg)Toxicity Reference

Value Inhalation

(TRVI)

(mg/m3)

Background Intake

Oral/Dermal (BIO) (% of TDI)

Toxicity Reference Value Oral

(TRVO) (mg/kg/day)

Derived Soil HIL (not rounded)

(mg/kg)

Background Intake

Inhalation (BIi) (% of

TC)

Derived Soil HIL (to 1 or 2 s.f.) (mg/kg)

Human Health Risk Assessment for the RAAF Base Amberley PFAS Investigation 2 | P a g e Ref: CH2M/18/AMBR001-F

Appendix G Toxicity Summary: PFOS, PFOA and PFHxS


G1 PFOS and PFOA

This toxicity summary has been based on information sourced from the US Department of Health and Human Services Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Control (ATSDR 2018) and Food Standards Australia New Zealand (FSANZ 2017a) unless otherwise indicated.

Properties and Uses

PFAS are a family of man-made fluorine-containing chemicals that do not occur naturally in the environment. The have unique properties to make materials stain- and stick-resistant because they repel oil, grease and water. PFAS are often described as being “ubiquitous in the environment”. They have been widely used in man-made products such as surface protection products (e.g. carpet and clothing treatments) and coatings for cardboard and packaging. Some PFAS are, or were also historically used in fire-fighting foams.

There are hundreds of different PFAS; the most common and well-studied compounds are PFOS and PFOA as these PFAS were manufactured at the highest rate. PFOS is a completely fluorinated compound with eight carbons and a sulfonate group. PFOA is a completely fluorinated compound with seven carbons and a carboxyl functional group. Both PFOS and PFOA are metabolically and environmentally stable (i.e. persistent), bioaccumulative and toxic (PBT). Perfluoroalkyl carboxylates and sulfonates are made up of a long perfluorocarbon tail that is both hydrophobic and oleophobic, and a charged end that is hydrophilic.

In addition, many of the PFAS compounds break down to give PFOS or PFOA when released into the environment. Degradation stops at PFOS and PFOA which is why these compounds are commonly found to have accumulated in organisms. These compounds are mobile in soil and leach into groundwater.

Exposure

Oral

PFOS and PFOA are readily absorbed via the oral route of exposure. The bioavailability of both PFAS is estimated to be >93% within 24 hours (based on studies with rats).

Dermal

When an individual (adult or child) comes into direct contact with impacted soil or water, exposure is often assumed to occur via incidental ingestion and dermal contact. However, there is scientific evidence to suggest that the dermal absorption of PFOS and PFOA is limited in comparison to the ingestion pathway.

The dermal absorption of a chemical depends on the area of skin in contact with the impacted media/chemical, the concentration of chemical in the media, the duration of contact with the media, how tightly the chemical is bound into the media and the ability of the chemical to penetrate the skin. Anionic surfactants (e.g. PFOS/PFOA), are generally thought to penetrate the whole skin poorly. Experimental values (Scala et. al. 1968) confirm that even at the highest surfactant concentrations studied (0.03 M or 1%), non-detectable concentrations of ionic surfactants passed through the skin


in the first two hours of exposure. Diffusion curves were observed to be non–linear (exponential), with surfactant able to be measured on the underside of the skin four hours following exposure.

Dermal exposures of rats to ammonium PFOA has been shown to produce systemic (e.g., liver, immunotoxicity) effects in animals confirming that the absorption of PFOA by animal skin is possible however estimates of the amount or rates of dermal absorption in humans or animals have not been reported. In addition, experimental studies with rat, mouse and human skin indicate that rat and mouse skin may be more permeable to PFOA than human skin. As would be expected given the physicochemical properties of PFOS and PFOA, dermal permeability was sensitive to pH and was higher when the skin was buffered at pH 2.5 (5.5x10-2 cm/hour) compared to pH 5.5 (4.4x10-5 cm/hour), well above the pKa for the terminal carboxylic acid of PFOA. This suggests that permeability of the unionized acid is greater than that of the dissociated anion (noting that at environmental pH, PFOS, PFOA and PFHxS will be in the ionised form)

Following application of the ammonium salt of PFOA to isolated human or rat epidermis, approximately 0.048% of the dose was absorbed across human epidermis and 1.44% was absorbed across rat epidermis. When applied at the same dose and for the same time frame, 1.44% of the applied dose of PFOA was absorbed across the isolated rat skin however only 0.048% of the dose was absorbed across the isolated human skin. The estimated dermal penetration coefficient was 9.49x10-7 cm/hour in the isolated human epidermis and 3.25x10-5 cm/hour in the isolated rat epidermis.

Default dermal permeability co-efficients for PFOS and PFOA are not available (RAIS). This may be because the measurement of the n-octanol / water partition (a critical parameter for estimating the dermal permeability co-efficient) is not practicable via the standard methodology for PFOS and PFOA as these chemicals form a separate layer when mixed with hydrocarbons and water.

In summary, the existing evidence in the scientific literature indicates that the dermal absorption of PFAS following direct contact is limited in comparison to the ingestion pathway.

Vapour Inhalation

PFOS and PFOA are not volatile at environmental pH (it exists as an anion), hence vapour inhalation exposures have not been considered further in this HHRA. The potential health risks associated with the inhalation of dust have however been considered.

Distribution

Unlike other compounds that have PBT characteristics (e.g. organochlorine pesticides, PCBs or dioxins), PFOS and PFOA are highly water soluble and bioaccumulate by attaching to proteins in the blood rather than accumulating in lipids (USEPA 2014). It has been shown that 99.7% of these chemicals in humans and 97.3% of these chemicals in rats and monkeys is bound to the albumin. Following oral exposure in rats, PFOS is found mainly in the blood, liver, lungs and kidneys. PFOA is found mainly in the blood, liver, testis, spleen, lungs, kidney and brain. In post mortem human studies, most of the PFOS is found in the lungs, kidneys, liver and blood. Most of the PFOA has been found in the lungs, kidneys, liver, blood and bone


Both PFOS and PFOA bind to the fatty acid binding protein in the liver (although PFOS is more strongly bound than PFOA). Both chemicals also have a medium to high binding affinity for other proteins including the human serum thyroid hormone transport protein, transthyretin, low density lipoproteins and / or alpha-globulins. Transporters, including organic anion transporters, and likely to be involved in the absorption, distribution and excretion of PFOS and PFOA. PFOS and PFOA are able to cross the placenta and have been found in breast milk.

Metabolism and Excretion

There is no evidence (from studies with rats and monkeys) that PFOS and PFOA are metabolised in the body.

Excretion primarily occurs via the kidneys (in the urine) in rats. PFOA is also excreted in the bile and may be subject to extensive enterohepatic recirculation. Lactation and menstruation are also relevant routes of excretion in women and mice.

The elimination half-life for PFOS is 5.4 years in humans and 121, 48 and 37 days in monkeys, rats and mice respectively. Half-lives are generally consistent between males and females.

The elimination half-life for PFOA is 2.3 to 3.8 years in humans and 20.8, 11.5 and 15.6 days in monkeys, rats and mice respectively. A marked sex difference is observed for PFOA in rats with males showing slower eliminating which may be linked to difference in expression of organic anion transporters in the kidneys. Significant sex related differences have not been demonstrated in monkeys or humans, however it is noted that this may be due to study design.

Health Effects - PFOS

The database relating to the toxicity of PFOS in animals includes acute and short term studies with mice, rats and monkeys, sub-chronic studies with rats and monkeys, chronic studies with rats and reproductive / developmental studies with mice, rats and rabbits. The critical effects identified from these studies and used by international agencies to develop TRVs include the following:

Rats: mortality, increased liver weights, decreased body weight, decreased body weight gain, decreased serum cholesterol, increased alanine aminotransferase, hepatocellular hypertrophy and hepatocellular vacuolation, delayed eye-opening, reduced pup viability and weight / weight gain, reduced gestation length;

Monkeys: mortality, reduced body weight gain, increased liver weight and liver histopathological changes and reduced serum cholesterol;

Rabbits: lower maternal body weight gain (with no corresponding effect on food ingestion rate), lower foetal weight and abortions; and

Mice: increased relative liver weight, reduced serum triglycerides, increased foetal liver weight, delayed eye-opening; reduced SBRC plaque forming cell response, impaired learning and memory and increased apoptosis in hippocampal cells.

Data from epidemiological studies with occupationally exposed workers at 3M manufacturing facilities (Alabama, USA and Belgium), communities exposed to contaminated drinking water (USA) and general populations (USA, UK and Scandinavia) are also available. It is noted that concentrations of PFAS in occupationally exposed workers are 100 to 1,000-fold higher than those


in the general populations. Despite this, epidemiology studies have generally failed to draw conclusive links between exposure to PFOS and adverse health effects. Associations between exposure to PFOS and the following health effects have been suggested:

Changes in serum lipid levels e.g. increase total cholesterol levels; Changes in serum liver enzymes levels; Kidney disease; Effects on fertility, pregnancy and birth outcomes; and Effects on thyroid and immune function

Overall, the evidence for adverse effects on humans following PFOS exposure from the epidemiological studies is inconsistent. In addition, the biological significance of some of the observed effects has been questioned (i.e. just because an effect is observed it does not mean it is, or will lead to, an adverse effect) and there is the potential that observed effects may be due to confounding factors e.g. exposure to other contaminants or diet.

Due to the above factors, it has been concluded by all regulatory agencies and bodies (including FSANZ) that the available epidemiological data is unsuitable for use in establishing a TRV for PFOS.

Health Effects - PFOA

The database relating to the toxicity of PFOA in animals includes acute and short term studies with mice, rats and monkeys, sub-chronic studies with monkeys, chronic studies with mice, rats and monkeys and reproductive / developmental studies with mice and rats. The critical effects identified from these studies and used by international agencies to develop TRVs include the following:

Rats: increased liver weights, decreased body weight, decreased body weight gain, significant increases in Leydig cell adenomas, hepatocellular adenomas and pancreatic acinar cell tumours, decreased sexual maturation in offspring;

Monkeys: decreased heart and brain weights, mortality, liver toxicity, body weight effects; and

Mice: decreased maternal weight gain, increased late foetal mortality, decreased pup weight, increase in developmental defects and neonatal mortality, decreased preweaning growth rate, delayed eye-opening, stunted mammary development in pups and immunotoxicity.

Similar to PFOS, data is available from epidemiological studies with occupationally exposed workers at 3M manufacturing facilities, communities exposed to contaminated drinking water and the general population. It is noted that concentrations of PFAS in occupationally exposed workers are 100 to 1,000-fold higher than those in the general populations. Despite this, epidemiology studies have generally failed to draw conclusive links between exposure to PFOA and adverse health effects. Associations between exposure to PFOA and the following health effects have been suggested:

Endocrine effects (e.g. elevated thyroxine levels and increased risk of thyroid disease, diabetes mellitus and early onset menopause);

Changes in serum lipid levels; Effects on fertility, pregnancy, lactation and decreased birthweight; Effects on immune function;


Cardiovascular disease; and Cancer.

Similar to the information for PFOS, the evidence for adverse effects on humans following PFOA exposure from the epidemiological studies is inconsistent. However, the epidemiology does suggest that PFOA may be positively associated with levels of cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein and triglycerides in the serum. The actual toxic mechanisms for these effects in humans has not been determined. Interestingly, the positive association between PFOA and elevated levels of cholesterol and triglycerides in human blood is inconsistent with the findings from animal toxicity studies. These effects are also the reverse of what would be expected for a chemical that activates PPARα (which PFOA has been shown to do) and induces peroxisome proliferation.

There are two main complicating factors with attempting to correlate PFOA toxicity in animals with toxicity in humans:

The large interspecies variation in toxicokinetics (specifically elimination half-life), which is estimated to be years in a human but only hours to days in rats, mice and monkeys; and

The activation of PPARα by PFOA, and the difference in the potential for activation of this receptor in rats and humans. i.e. this receptor is present in both rats and humans however is thought to be more active in rats than humans. This may be the reason some effects (e.g. liver cancer) are seen in rats but not humans.

Due to the above factors, it has been concluded by all regulatory agencies and bodies (including FSANZ) that the available epidemiological data is unsuitable for use in establishing a TRV for PFOA.

Classification - PFOS

EFSA and the USEPA (2016) have concluded that PFOS is not genotoxic based on negative findings in in vitro and in vivo tests (FSANZ 2017a).

The carcinogenic risk of PFOS has also been recently reviewed (Arrieta-Cortes et al. 2017). The review considered the available animal and human toxicity studies in the context of the process adopted by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). The review concluded that there was inadequate evidence of carcinogenicity in human and animal studies and PFOS should be classified as not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans (Group 3).

With respect to the overall information available relating to the potential for exposure to PFAS to cause cancer:

The literature evidence is often contradictory (or vague), even within the same reference; Associations with kidney, testicular, liver and bladder cancers have been reported for

workers in epidemiological studies, however these studies may include a small number of participants, high occupational exposure and confounding factors (e.g. the study may not be controlled for other cancer causing exposures such as smoking); and

Some observed effects attributed to causing cancer are reversible, hence are not necessarily adverse. In addition, associations are not causations.


As noted above, there are two general groups of carcinogens (NEPC 1999 amended 2013b):

Genotoxic carcinogens for which, in theory, any level of exposure could result in a response as the chemical has the ability to interact directly with DNA; and

Non-genotoxic carcinogens, for which there is a threshold below which exposure is not expected to result in adverse health effects.

PFAS do not possess the chemical / physical properties typically associated with direct genotoxicity and this is supported by an understanding of the mode of action for tumour formation in humans, and differences between humans and animals.

Overall, the weight of evidence is that, if they are carcinogenic, PFOS is a non-genotoxic threshold “carcinogen” (deWitt. J.C. 2015).

Classification - PFOA

In July 2016, IARC classified PFOA as Group 2B: Possibly carcinogenic to humans (IARC 2016). The following is a summary of the information is provided in the IARC monograph:

The epidemiological literature for cancer and PFOA is relatively small and considers three different types of populations – workers exposed in chemical plants producing or using PFOA, high exposure communities (e.g. where contamination of water supplies has occurred) and the general population (i.e. background exposures);

Two studies have found an increased risk of cancer of the testis. The evidence in these studies was considered credible and unlikely to be explained by bias or confounding, however the numbers were small;

Four studies have investigated the potential for PFOA to cause kidney cancer. The evidence for kidney cancer was considered credible however chance, bias and confounding could not be ruled out;

Some positive associations were observed for bladder, thyroid, prostate, liver and pancreatic cancer however the results were inconsistent and based on small numbers, and the overall evidence was concluded to be inadequate;

PFOA was found to increase the incidence of testicular adenomas (benign tumours) in rats in two studies, and increase the incidence of hepatocellular and pancreatic adenomas in one study. PFOA was also found to promote cancer of the liver in two studies with rats and two studies with rainbow trout;

Due to the reabsorption of PFOA in the kidney, the body burden of PFOA is much greater than that in experimental animals;

PFOA is not DNA-reactive therefore there is strong evidence that PFOA is not a direct genotoxic carcinogen. There is moderate evidence that PFOA is not an indirect genotoxic carcinogen; and

The liver is a well-established target for toxicity in rats and mice. Potential mechanisms include activation of PPARα and cytotoxicity. The human relevance of these findings cannot be excluded based on the available information.

IARC concluded that there is limited evidence in humans and experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of PFOA. Overall, PFOA is possible carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B).


Toxicity Reference Values

On the basis that PFOS and PFOA is not considered to be a genotoxic carcinogen, it has been assessed based on a threshold approach in this HHRA. The following threshold chronic values are available from Level 1 Australian and International sources (Table G1):


Table G1: Summary of Toxicity Information for PFOS and PFOA Source PFOS PFOA

TRV (µg/kg/d) Basis/Comments TRV (µg/kg/d) Basis/Comments Australian Food Standards Australia New Zealand (FSANZ), Australian Drinking Water Guidelines (ADWG) (NHMRC 2011 Updated 2016, 2011 updated 2018)

0.02 HBGV based on PBPK modelling for 4 selected pivotal toxicity studies (1 with monkeys and 3 with rats). The final HBGV was derived based on a POD (HED) of 0.6 µg/kg/day associated with decreased pup body weight in a two-generation reproductive toxicity study with rats and an UF of 30 (10 for intraspecies variability and 3 for interspecies variability). HBGVs calculated for the other studies were in the range 0.02 to 0.1 µg/kg/day.

0.16 HBGV based on PBPK modelling for 3 selected pivotal toxicity studies (1 with monkeys, 1 with rats and 1 with mice). The final HBGV was derived based on a POD (HED) of 4.9 µg/kg/day associated with foetal toxicity in a reproductive/developmental toxicity study mice and an UF of 30 (10 for intraspecies variability and 3 for interspecies variability). HBGVs calculated for the other studies were in the range 0.43 to 0.92 µg/kg/day.

International WHO Drinking Water Guidelines

No guideline value -- No guideline value --

United Kingdom Committee on Toxicity of Chemicals in Food, Consumer Products and the Environment (COT 2006)

0.3 Provisional TDI based on a POD (NOAEL) of 30 µg/kg/day associated with decreased serum T3 levels in a 26-week study with cynomolgus monkeys and an UF of 100 for inter- and intra-species variability.

1.5 Provisional TDI based of a POD of 300 µg/kg/day associated with hepatic effects in a number of studies in rats and mice and an UF of 200 (10 for inter- and intra-species variability and 2 for uncertainties relating to internal dose kinetics).

European Food Safety Authority (EFSA 2018)

0.002 Based on an increase in serum cholesterol levels where the median BMDL5 levels from 3 studies correspond to an estimated chronic daily intake of 1.7-2.0 (median 1.8) ng/kg bw/d, as calculated with a PBPK model for humans. EFSA subsequently established a Tolerable Weekly Intake (TWI) is 13 ng/kg-bw/week. No additional UF applied as the BMD modelling was based on large epidemiological studies from the general population, including sensitive sub-groups.

0.0009

Based on an increase in serum cholesterol levels where the median BMDL5 levels from 2 studies correspond to an estimated chronic daily intake of 0.8 ng/kg bw/d, as calculated with a PBPK model for humans. EFSA subsequently established a Tolerable Weekly Intake (TWI) is 6 ng/kg-bw/week. No additional UF applied as the BMD modelling was based on large epidemiological studies from the general population, including sensitive sub-groups.

United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA 2016a, 2016b) (Final)

0.02 RfD based on PBPK modelling on for data from 6 subchronic, developmental / neurodevelopmental and reproductive toxicity studies with rats for which measured serum PFOS concentrations were available. Critical effects included increased levels of alanine aminotransferase and blood

0.02 RfD based on PBPK modelling on for data from a number of studies with rats, monkeys and mice for which measured serum PFOS concentrations were available. 6 primary studies were selected and critical effects included increased liver and kidney weight (rats), decreased pup body weight (mice) and developmental


Source PFOS PFOA TRV (µg/kg/d) Basis/Comments TRV (µg/kg/d) Basis/Comments

urea nitrogen, decreased pup body weight and survival rate and increased motor activity / decreased habituation. The adopted UF varied depending on the study and were in the range 30 to 100. Candidate RfDs were in the range 0.02 to 0.05 µg/kg/day.

and immunotoxic effects (mice). The adopted UF varied depending on the study and were in the range 30 to 300. Candidate RfDs were in the range 0.02 to 0.15 µg/kg/day.

Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR 2018)

0.002 Intermediate MRL based on a POD (HED) of 0.515 µg/kg/day associated with delayed eye opening and decreased pup weight in rats. The adopted UF was 300. ATSDR concluded there was insufficient data to derive a chronic MRL.

0.003 Intermediate MRL based on a POD (HED) of 0.821 µg/kg/day associated with neurodevelopmental and skeletal effects in mice. The adopted UF was 300. ATSDR concluded there was insufficient data to derive a chronic MRL.

Danish Ministry for the Environment (Danish Ministry of the Environment 2015)

0.03 TDI based on a POD (BMDL10) of 33 µg/kg/day associated with hepatotoxicity (liver toxicity) in a chronic toxicity/carcinogenicity study with rats and an UF of 1,230 (3 for possible differences in pharmacodynamics, 41 for differences in pharmacokinetics and 10 for intraspecies differences).

0.1 TDI based on a POD (BMDL10 converted to a HED) of 3 µg/kg/day associated with hepatotoxicity (liver toxicity) in a chronic toxicity/carcinogenicity study with rats and an UF of 30 (10 for intraspecies variation and 3 for interspecies differences).

Minnesota Department of Health (MDH 2009a, 2009b)

0.08 TRV based on a POD (HED) of 2.5 µg/kg/day associated with decreased cholesterol and changes in thyroid hormones in rats and a UF of 30.

0.08 TRV based on a POD (HED) of 2.3 µg/kg/day associated with decreased cholesterol and changes in thyroid hormones in monkeys and a UF of 30.

German Drinking Water Commission (GDWC 2006)

0.1 TRV based on a POD of 25 µg/kg/day which was the lowest POD for rats from a range of studies with rats and monkeys. The adopted UF was 300.

0.1 TRV based on a NOAEL of 100 µg/kg/day which was the lowest POD from a range of studies reviewed by the USEPA. The adopted UF was 1,000.

Notes for Table G1: Grey italics indicates TRVs that have since been superseded. BMDL = Benchmark Dose Level, HBGV = Health Based Guideline Value, HED = Human Equivalent Dose, MRL = Minimal Risk Level, NOAEL = No Observed Adverse Effect Level, PBPK = Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic, POD = Point of Departure, RfD = Reference Dose, TDI = Tolerable Daily Intake, UF = Uncertainty Factor.


Table G1 indicates that available TRVs for PFOS range from 0.002 to 0.15 µg/kg/day (i.e. a range of 75 times). Available TRVs for PFOA range from 0.0009 to 1.5 µg/kg/day, by over 1,500 times.

The differences between the available TRVs are mainly due to the following:

The selection of the critical study and the point of departure (POD) from the available toxicity studies;

The application of different uncertainty factors (UFs). The application of significantly different UFs by various agencies is largely due to the toxicokinetics related issues (i.e. clearance), as well as the application of additional UFs because the available studies were less than lifetime for the estimated POD;

The use (or not) of PBPK modelling; and The use of epidemiological data by EFSA (2018) as compared to animal toxicity data by

other organisations (including Australia).

In April 2017, FSANZ released TRVs for PFOS, PFOA and PFHxS in the form of TDIs (called HBGVs) (FSANZ 2017a). The FSANZ TRVs are the final values for use in Australia and hence the TRVs for PFOS and PFOA have been adopted in this HHRA:

PFOS: 0.02 µg/kg/day; and PFOA: 0.16 µg/kg/day.

It is noted that the FSANZ (2017) assessment predates the ATSDR (2018) and EFSA (2018) assessments, where lower TDIs for PFOS and PFOA were derived (by an order of magnitude). FSANZ has indicated that “EFSA is reviewing its scientific opinion together with a consideration of the safety of other PFAS chemicals in 2019. Until that time both the conclusions and tolerable weekly intakes are considered provisional and may change” and “FSANZ will review the EFSA report to see whether it contains any new information that would warrant a need to reconsider the tolerable daily intakes it published in 2017”.15 Until this time, the adoption of the FSANZ (2017) TDIs are appropriate for an Australian HHRA, in line with the recommendations of the ASC NEPM. It is also noted that the ATSDR and EFSA TDIs are equivalent to background intakes of PFAS.

Background Intake

In the HHRA, the background intake of PFOS + PFHxS has been assumed to be 7% of the toxicity value, and the background intake of PFOA has been assumed to be negligible. This is 1-2 ng/kg/day based on a TDI for PFOS of 20 ng/kg/day.

The background intakes are based on a literature review of PFOS and PFOA concentrations in blood serum as undertaken by ToxConsult (ToxConsult 2016a) as part of assessment works at other Defence sites. It is noted that blood levels of PFAS are reflective of all intakes from consumer products, drinking water and the environment in general, including PFOS in food that the general

15 http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/consumer/chemicals/Pages/Perfluorinated-compounds.aspx


population may be exposed to away from PFAS impacted sites. This is because PFOS accumulates in the blood serum.

For PFOS, the information reviewed by ToxConsult indicated that background intakes in the Australian population were in the order of 0.0008 µg/kg/day (average) and 0.0014 µg/kg/day (upper estimate). This equates to 4% and 7% of the TRV (0.02 µg/kg/day). The upper estimate of 7% has been adopted in this HHRA.

For PFOA, the average and upper estimate background intakes were 0.00054 µg/kg/day and 0.00078 µg/kg/day respectively. This is negligible (<1%) when compared with the TRV (0.16 µg/kg/day).

FSANZ (2017b) indicates that there is currently insufficient information to estimate total dietary exposure to PFOS for the general population as the majority of the available information relates to contaminated sites. However, the limited data from the 24th Australian Total Diet Survey, alongside information in the scientific literature and further research on PFOS concentrations in fish purchased from Sydney retail outlets by the NSW Food Authority, indicates that dietary exposure from the general food supply is likely to be low. Hence, the adoption of 7% background contribution for PFOS is considered appropriately conservative.

G2 PFHxS

PFHxS is a completely fluorinated compound with six carbons and a sulfonate group and is the next most well-known PFAS after PFOS and PFOA. In addition, PFHxS is considered to be structurally similar to PFOS (having the same functional group with less carbons) and as a result is often considered of similar potential toxicity as PFOS.

Like PFOS and PFOA, PFHxS is readily absorbed following oral exposure (with a bioavailability of close to 100% within 24 hours in rats) and binds strongly to serum proteins. The highest PFHxS concentrations have generally been reported in the liver and kidney, with elimination occurring primarily in the urine in experimental animals. The is evidence that PFHxS can cross the placenta and PFHxS has been detected in breast milk. The elimination half-life of PFHxS in humans in estimated to be in the range 7.3 to 8.5 years.

There is limited information available relating to the toxicity of PFHxS:

It has been shown to be a moderate activator of PPARα; There was no evidence of developmental or reproductive toxicity at the highest dose tested

in one study with rats; and A number of epidemiological studies have reported associations between PFHxS exposure

and health effects including physician diagnosed asthma, cholesterol levels, sperm quality, birth weight and learning difficulties. However, the results of these epidemiological studies are complicated by the factors present in the studies for PFOS and PFOA (as discussed above).

The comparative toxicity of PFHxS (and other PFAS) was recently investigated in a cumulative health risk assessment for 17 PFAS compounds (Borg et.al. 2013). A summary of the POD for


hepatotoxicity and reproductive toxicity for the PFAS investigated in the health risk assessment are provided in Table G2.

Table G2: Summary of Toxicity Data for PFAS (Borg et.al. 2013) PFAS POD

Hepatotoxicity Reproductive Toxicity Other External

Dose (mg/kg/day)

Internal Dose (µg/mL serum)

External Dose

(mg/kg/day)


External Dose

(mg/kg/day)


PFBS 100 67 1 300 >45 1 60 4 -- PFHxS 1 89 >10 >60 0.3 2,4 44 2,4 PFOS 6 0.025 4.04 0.1 4.9 -- -- PFOSA 0.024 1 4.03 1 0.1 1 4.9 1 -- -- PFDS 0.029 1 4.85 1 0.1 1 5.9 1 -- -- PFBA 6.0 14 175 4.4 3 5 -- PFPeA 0.04 1 4.5 1 0.55 1 10.0 1 -- -- PFHxA 20 5.4 1 100 11.9 1 -- -- PFHpA 20 6.2 1 0.76 1 13.8 1 -- -- PFOA 6 0.06 7.1 0.86 15.7 -- -- PFNA 0.83 2 28.5 0.83 8.9 -- -- PFDA 1.2 31.6 1 3.0 9.9 1 -- -- PFUnA 1.01 1 34.6 1 1.01 1 10.8 1 -- -- PFDoA 0.02 1 37.7 1 1.10 1 11.8 1 -- -- 6:2 FTS 0.020 1 3.45 1 0.085 1 4.2 1 15 3 --

Notes for Table G2: 1 = Read-across on a molar basis from PFOA, PFOS or PFHxS of PFNA (for PFDA and PFUnA). Borg et. al.

(2013) indicates that “for congeners lacking data, read-across extrapolation from the closest most conservative congener on a molar basis has been performed”. Read-across is the process where endpoint information for one chemical is used to predict the same endpoint for another chemical which is considered to be similar in some way (e.g. structurally similar). PFTriDA and PFTeDA were also evaluated on this basis

2 = Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level (LOAEL) 3 = Critical effect is nephrotoxicity 4 = Critical effect is decrease in haemoglobin levels 5 = Critical effect decrease in serum cholesterol 6 = Based on an independent review of toxicity data by the study authors which may consider different PODs to

those selected by other jurisdictions for the development of guideline values and hence, may differ to the information presented above. The information presented by the study authors has been replicated here to ensure a consistent approach is adopted for the review of the toxicity data for PFOS / PFOA as compared to other PFAS compounds.

-- = No data available

Table G2 indicates that where chemical specific information is available and evaluated on a consistent basis (values shown in bold; other values have been estimated via read across from PFOS, PFOA or PFHxS), PODs for other PFAS are 10 to 100 times higher than that for PFOS and PFOA. This means these PFAS compounds are 10 to 100 times less toxic than PFOS and PFOA.

The exceptions are:

PFNA which has reproductive toxicity and hepatotoxicity PODs (external dose) of 0.83 mg/kg/day; and

PFHxS which has a haematology toxicity POD (external dose) of 0.3 mg/kg/day which is similar to PFOS and PFOA.


In their recent review (FSANZ 2017b), FSANZ concluded that structure of PFOS and PFHxS are similar, and there is some evidence of similar potency in the activation of PPARα which may at least partially mediate the toxicity of some PFAS.

Given this, the TRVs for PFOS of 0.02 µg/kg/day has been adopted for PFHxS in this HHRA. In practical terms, this means that concentrations of PFOS and PFHxS are evaluated together (as a sum) in the HHRA calculations.


Appendix H Risk Calculations: Direct Contact with

Water


Exposure to Chemicals via Ingestion of Water (µg/kg/day)

Adults

Average Upper estimate


Ingestion rate for activitiy (L/hour) 0.005 0.005 0.025 0.125Duration of activity (hours/day) 1 1 0.5 1.5Ingestion Rate of Water (IRw, L/day) 0.005 0.005 0.0125 0.1875Fraction of ingested from site (FI) 100% 100% 100% 100%Exposure Frequency (EF, day/year) 52 150 52 52Exposure Duration (ED, years) 10 35 10 35Body Weight (BW, kg) 78 78 78 78Bioaccessibility (B) 100% 100% 100% 100%Averaging Time - Threshold (Atn, days) 3650 12775 3650 12775

Daily Intake Calculated HQThreshold TDI Background

Intake (% TDI)TDI Allowable for Assessment

(TDI-Background)

Average Upper estimate Average Upper estimate

(µg/kg/day) (µg/kg/day) (µg/L) (µg/kg/day) (µg/kg/day) (unitless)

PFOS + PFHxS 2.00E-02 7% 1.86E-02 15 1.4E-04 4.0E-04 0.01 0.02

PFOS + PFHxS 2.00E-02 7% 1.86E-02 4.3 3.9E-05 1.1E-04 0.002 0.01

PFOS + PFHxS 2.00E-02 7% 1.86E-02 5.47 5.0E-05 1.4E-04 0.003 0.01

PFOS + PFHxS 2.00E-02 7% 1.86E-02 1.3 1.2E-05 3.4E-05 0.001 0.002

PFOS + PFHxS 2.00E-02 7% 1.86E-02 15 3.4E-04 5.1E-03 0.018 0.28

PFOS + PFHxS 2.00E-02 7% 1.86E-02 4.3 9.8E-05 1.5E-03 0.01 0.08

PFOS + PFHxS 2.00E-02 7% 1.86E-02 5.47 1.2E-04 1.9E-03 0.007 0.10

PFOS + PFHxS 2.00E-02 7% 1.86E-02 1.3 3.0E-05 4.5E-04 0.002 0.02

Bremer River (SW047 Maximum)

Warrill Creek (SW016 Average)

Incidental Direct Contact

Key Chemical Toxicity Data

PFAS in surface water

Recreational Use (Swimming)

Exposure Parameters Incidental Direct Contact


Recreational Use (Swimming)

Warrill Creek (Average Across Waterway)

Bremer River (Average Across Waterway)


Bremer River (SW047 Maximum)



Child



Ingestion rate for activitiy (L/hour) 0.005 0.005 0.05 0.15Duration of activity (hours/day) 1 1 0.5 0.5Ingestion Rate of Water (IRw, L/day) 0.005 0.005 0.0250 0.075Fraction of ingested from site (FI) 100% 100% 100% 100%Exposure Frequency (EF, days/year) 52 150 52 52Exposure Duration (ED, years) 5 5 5 5Body Weight (BW, kg) 15 15 15 15Bioaccessibility (B) 100% 100% 100% 100%Averaging Time - Threshold (Atn, days) 1825 1825 1825 1825



(TDI-Background)


(µg/kg/day) (µg/kg/day) (µg/L) (µg/kg/day) (µg/kg/day) (unitless)

PFOS + PFHxS 2.00E-02 7% 1.86E-02 15 7.1E-04 2.1E-03 0.04 0.1

PFOS + PFHxS 2.00E-02 7% 1.86E-02 4.3 2.0E-04 5.9E-04 0.01 0.03Bremer River (SW047 Maximum)PFOS + PFHxS 2.00E-02 7% 1.86E-02 5.47 2.6E-04 7.5E-04 0.01 0.04

PFOS + PFHxS 2.00E-02 7% 1.86E-02 1.3 6.2E-05 1.8E-04 0.003 0.01

PFOS + PFHxS 2.00E-02 7% 1.86E-02 15 3.6E-03 1.1E-02 0.2 0.6Warrill Creek (Average Across Waterway)PFOS + PFHxS 2.00E-02 7% 1.86E-02 4.3 1.0E-03 3.1E-03 0.05 0.2Bremer River (SW047 Maximum)PFOS + PFHxS 2.00E-02 7% 1.86E-02 5.47 1.3E-03 3.9E-03 0.07 0.2Bremer River (Average Across Waterway)PFOS + PFHxS 2.00E-02 7% 1.86E-02 1.3 3.1E-04 9.3E-04 0.02 0.05




Warrill Creek (SW016 Average)Recreational Use (Swimming)


Key Chemical Toxicity Data


Exposure Parameters Recreational Use (Swimming)



Exposure to Chemicals via Dermal Contact with Water (µg/kg/day)

Adults


Surface area wet (cm2) 20000 24000Exposure Time (hours/day) 0.5 1.5Exposure Frequency (EF, days/year) 52 52Exposure Duration (ED, years) 10 35Body Weight (BW, kg) 78 78Bioaccessibility (B) 100% 100%Averaging Time - Threshold (Atn, days) 3650 12775



(TDI-Background)

Dermal permeability


(µg/kg/day) (µg/kg/day) (cm/hr) (µg/L) (µg/kg/day) (µg/kg/day) (unitless)Warrill Creek (SW016 Average)PFOS + PFHxS 2.00E-02 7% 1.86E-02 3.25E-05 15 8.9E-06 3.2E-05 0.0005 0.0017Warrill Creek (Average Across Waterway)PFOS + PFHxS 2.00E-02 7% 1.86E-02 3.25E-05 4.3 2.6E-06 9.2E-06 0.0001 0.0005Bremer River (SW047 Maximum)PFOS + PFHxS 2.00E-02 7% 1.86E-02 3.25E-05 5.47 3.2E-06 1.2E-05 0.0002 0.0006Bremer River (Average Across Waterway)PFOS + PFHxS 2.00E-02 7% 1.86E-02 3.25E-05 1.3 7.7E-07 2.8E-06 0.0000 0.0001

Child


Surface area wet (cm2) 6100 7000Exposure Time (hours/day) 0.5 0.5

Exposure Frequency (EF, days/year) 52 52Exposure Duration (ED, years) 5 5Body Weight (BW, kg) 15 15Bioaccessibility (B) 100% 100%Averaging Time - Threshold (Atn, days) 1825 1825



(TDI-Background)

Dermal permeability


(µg/kg/day) (µg/kg/day) (cm/hr) (µg/L) (µg/kg/day) (µg/kg/day) (unitless)Warrill Creek (SW016 Average)PFOS + PFHxS 2.00E-02 7% 1.86E-02 3.25E-05 15 1.4E-05 1.6E-05 0.0008 0.0009Warrill Creek (Average Across Waterway)PFOS + PFHxS 2.00E-02 7% 1.86E-02 3.25E-05 4.3 4.0E-06 4.6E-06 0.0002 0.0002Bremer River (SW047 Maximum)PFOS + PFHxS 2.00E-02 7% 1.86E-02 3.25E-05 5.47 5.1E-06 5.9E-06 0.0003 0.0003Bremer River (Average Across Waterway)PFOS + PFHxS 2.00E-02 7% 1.86E-02 3.25E-05 1.3 1.2E-06 1.4E-06 0.0001 0.0001


Key Chemical Toxicity and Chemical Data


Exposure Parameters Recreational Use

Recreational UseExposure Parameters

Key Chemical Toxicity and Chemical Data


Appendix I Risk Calculations: Consumption of Fish

and Crustaceans


Exposure to Chemicals via Ingestion of Fish and Crustaceans - 3 Serves per Week

(µg/kg/day)

AdultValue

Ingestion Rate of Fish Fillet (IRf, kg/day) (Freshwater Fish) 0.150Ingestion Rate of Fish Liver (IRf, kg/day) (1) 0.005Ingestion Rate of Crustaceans (IRf, kg/day) 0.063Fraction from site in diet (FI) 100%Exposure Frequency (EF, days/year) 156Exposure Duration (ED, years) 35Body Weight (BW, kg) 78Bioaccessibility (B) 100%Averaging Time - Threshold (Atn, days) 12775

Calculated HQThreshold TDI Background

Intake (% TDI)TDI Allowable for Assessment (TDI-

Background)

PFAS in edible tissue

Daily Intake Estimated Value

(µg/kg/day) (µg/kg/day) (µg/kg) (µg/kg/day) (unitless)Finfish Fillets - Upstream SitesCatfish (Bremer River S11) 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 18 1.5E-02 0.8Eel (Warrill Creek S1) 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 52 4.3E-02 2.3Finfish Fillets - Area 1Eel 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 224 1.8E-01 9.9Bass 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 306 2.5E-01 13.5Mullet 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 245 2.0E-01 10.8Catfish 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 94 7.7E-02 4.1Carp 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 372 3.1E-01 16.5Finfish Fillets - Area 2Eel 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 152 1.2E-01 6.7Bass 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 340 2.8E-01 15.0Mullet 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 322 2.6E-01 14.2Catfish 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 89 7.3E-02 3.9Finfish Fillets - Area 3Eel 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 158 1.3E-01 7.0Bass 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 56 4.6E-02 2.5Mullet 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 35 2.8E-02 1.5Catfish 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 263 2.2E-01 11.6Salmon 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 112 9.2E-02 5.0Finfish Liver - Reference SitesCatfish (Bremer River S11) 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 223 6.1E-03 0.3Eel (Warrill Creek S1) 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 199 5.4E-03 0.3Finfish Liver - Area 1Eel 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 736 2.0E-02 1.1Bass 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 621 1.7E-02 0.9Mullet 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 1415 3.9E-02 2.1Catfish 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 536 1.5E-02 0.8Finfish Liver - Area 2Eel 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 747 2.0E-02 1.1Bass 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 196 5.4E-03 0.3Mullet 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 1415 3.9E-02 2.1Catfish 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 533 1.5E-02 0.8Finfish Liver - Area 3Eel 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 953 2.6E-02 1.4Bass 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 75 2.1E-03 0.1Mullet 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 191 5.2E-03 0.3Catfish 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 273 7.5E-03 0.4Salmon 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 176 4.8E-03 0.3Crustaceans - Upstream SitesShrimp (Bremer River S11) 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 29 9.9E-03 0.5Prawn (Warrill Creek S1) 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 5 1.6E-03 0.1Crustaceans - Area 1 and Area 2Shrimp 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 217 7.5E-02 4.0

Exposure Parameters

PFOS + PFHxS Toxicity Data Estimation of Intake


ChildValue

Ingestion Rate of Fish (IRf, kg/day) (Freshwater Fish) 0.075Ingestion Rate of Crustaceans (IRf, kg/day) 0.021Fraction from site in diet (FI) 100%Exposure Frequency (EF, days/year) 156Exposure Duration (ED, years) 5Body Weight (BW, kg) 15Bioaccessibility (B) 100%Averaging Time - Threshold (Atn, days) 1825



Background)

PFAS in Edible Tissue


(µg/kg/day) (µg/kg/day) (µg/kg) (µg/kg/day) (unitless)Finfish Fillets - Upstream SitesCatfish (Bremer River S11) 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 18 3.8E-02 2.1Eel (Warrill Creek S1) 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 52 1.1E-01 6.0Finfish Fillets - Area 1Eel 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 224 4.8E-01 25.7Bass 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 306 6.5E-01 35.1Mullet 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 245 5.2E-01 28.1Catfish 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 94 2.0E-01 10.8Carp 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 372 8.0E-01 42.8Finfish Fillets - Area 2Eel 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 152 3.2E-01 17.4Bass 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 340 7.3E-01 39.0Mullet 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 322 6.9E-01 37.0Catfish 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 89 1.9E-01 10.2Finfish Fillets - Area 3Eel 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 158 3.4E-01 18.1Bass 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 56 1.2E-01 6.5Mullet 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 35 7.4E-02 4.0Catfish 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 263 5.6E-01 30.2Salmon 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 112 2.4E-01 12.9Crustaceans - Upstream SitesShrimp (Bremer River S11) 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 29 1.7E-02 0.9Prawn (Warrill Creek S1) 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 5 2.8E-03 0.1Crustaceans - Area 1 and Area 2Shrimp 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 217 1.3E-01 7.0


Exposure Parameters


Exposure to Chemicals via Ingestion of Fish and Crustaceans - 2 Serves per Week

(µg/kg/day)

AdultValue




Background)




Exposure Parameters



ChildValue




Background)





Exposure Parameters


Exposure to Chemicals via Ingestion of Fish and Crustaceans - 1 Serve per Week

(µg/kg/day)

AdultValue




Background)




Exposure Parameters



ChildValue




Background)





Exposure Parameters


Exposure to Chemicals via Ingestion of Fish and Crustaceans - Occasional Consumption

(µg/kg/day)

AdultValue




Background)




Exposure Parameters



ChildValue




Background)





Exposure Parameters


Appendix J Assessment of Risks: Consumption of

Home-Grown Beef Meat and Eggs


J1 General

This section outlines the approach used to assess the uptake of PFAS (specifically PFOS + PFHxS and PFOA) into beef meat and offal (liver and kidney), where cattle are exposed via soil, water and/or pasture (fodder) containing PFAS.

The generic equation for intake of a chemical originally developed by the USEPA was used to determine PFAS uptake in beef cattle. To determine how that uptake translated into concentrations in beef meat and offal, a review of available studies (written in English) that examined the uptake of PFAS and distribution into cattle was undertaken. These studies provide enough information to model transfer from intake to meat and offal.

The use of transfer factors for daily intake to beef products is one approach for the modelling of the uptake of PFAS by cattle. The other approach available is to model from intake to blood serum, and then from blood serum to meat or offal. This approach has been adopted at some PFAS impacted sites in Australia where blood serum data is available for cattle exposed to PFAS impacted media. For these sites it is appropriate to model uptake via blood serum, as there is data available that can be used to compare measured and modelled blood serum concentrations.

However, this additional step (modelling into blood serum and then into meat and offal) adds to the uncertainty of the modelling. Also modelling intake to serum requires the use of a volume of distribution for PFAS chemicals in cattle. There are no robust determinations of this parameter, and the estimation of this parameter is limited by a lack of understanding of the mode of action of these chemicals and how they distribute through the animal.

Overall, and as noted in Section 6.6, uptake modelling for PFAS into beef products has a degree of uncertainty and can only be considered to be indicative. The risk calculations for the human consumption of beef products are provided at the end of this section of the HHRA.

Concentrations of PFAS in eggs in the IA off-Base have been measured. This HHRA has been based on measured PFAS concentrations in eggs, hence, no additional uptake modelling is required for eggs. The risk calculations for the human consumption of eggs are provided at the end of this section of the HHRA.

J2 Transfer from Intake to Meat for Cattle

As part of the estimation of PFAS concentrations in meat it is necessary to determine a transfer factor to allow determination of how much of the chemical taken in by cattle then moves from their food/water into the meat which people then consume.

Five studies were identified that examined the transfer of one or all of the PFAS of concern from consumption (intake) by the organism into the muscle (i.e. meat) (Kowalczyk, J. et al. 2013; Lupton et al. 2015; Lupton et al. 2012, 2014; Vestergren et al. 2013). One study was designed in a way that would provide data suitable for calculating transfer factors, however, these data were not reported in the study (van Asselt et al. 2013).

The papers detailing studies of transfer from intake by cattle to beef muscle have been reviewed and a short summary is provided.


Study 1

Kowalczyk and team in 2013 examined the uptake of PFOS, PFHxS, and PFOA by taking six milking cows, dividing them into two groups and feeding both groups contaminated feed for 28 days. They routinely took blood and milk samples. On the 29th day of the study group one organisms were slaughtered with liver, kidney and muscle tissue samples taken. Group 2 were fed contamination free feed for a further 21 days before slaughter on day 50, with liver, kidney and muscle tissue samples taken. This study provided direct comparison of PFOS, PFHxS, and PFOA intake to PFOS, PFHxS, and PFOA concentrations in the liver, kidney, muscle and milk. It also allowed for comparison of PFOS, PFHxS, and PFOA blood plasma concentrations to PFOS, PFHxS, and PFOA concentrations in the liver, kidney, muscle and milk. Strengths of this study included a constant exposure period and individual beast sampling. The short exposure period is a weakness as the organisms are unlikely to have reached equilibrium (Kowalczyk, J. et al. 2013).

Study 2

In 2015 Lupton and team examined the uptake of PFOS using 2 steers (male) and 4 heifers (female). The animals were dosed with a single dose of PFOS. The steers were given a lower dose of 98 µg/kg-bw. They were sacrificed at day 342. The heifers were given a higher dose of 9,090 µg /kg-bw and these animals were separated into two groups. The first group was sacrificed on day 105 while the second was sacrificed on day 343. Blood samples were routinely collected, and liver, kidney and muscle tissue samples were taken on sacrifice. This study provided direct comparison of PFOS intake to PFOS concentrations in the liver, kidney and muscle. It also allowed for comparison of PFOS blood plasma concentrations to PFOS concentrations in the liver, kidney, and muscle. Strengths of this study included a long period of observation and accurate individual intake dose measurement. A potential weakness of the study included the high, one off nature of the dose which may induce differing pharmacokinetic pathways than from a lower level but constant exposure (Lupton et al. 2015).

Study 3

In 2014, Lupton and team examined the uptake of PFOS by taking 3 steers (male) and dosing them with a single dose of PFOS at 8,000 µg/kg-bw. Blood was routinely collected and on day 28 all 3 animals were sacrificed with liver, kidney and muscle harvested. This study provided direct comparison of PFOS intake to PFOS concentrations in the liver, kidney and muscle. It also allowed for comparison of PFOS blood plasma concentrations to PFOS concentrations in the liver, kidney, and muscle. A strength of this study is the accurate intake dose measurement with individual beast measurements. Weaknesses of the study included the high, one off nature of the dose which may induce differing pharmacokinetic pathways than from a lower level but constant exposure, along with the short exposure period meaning the beasts were unlikely to have reached equilibrium (Lupton et al. 2014).

Study 4

In 2012, Lupton and team also investigated uptake of PFOA in 4 steers (male) dosed with a single dose of PFOA at 1,000 µg /kg-bw. This study allowed for direct comparison of PFOA intake to PFOA concentrations in the liver, kidney and muscle and for PFOA blood plasma


concentrations to PFOA concentrations in the liver, kidney, and muscle. Strengths and weakness are similar to those discussed above for the other studies by this team (Lupton et al. 2012).

Study 5

Vestergren and team investigated PFOS and PFOA uptake in cattle meat and milk using approximately 92 milking cows. The investigation was based on pooling the samples. A mass balance design was used where intake was estimated based on total food and water consumed across the herd with excretion measured through urine, faeces and milk excretion. Mean concentrations of PFOS and PFOA intake were reported along with PFOS and PFOA concentrations in meat and milk. This study provided a comparison of estimated PFOS and PFOA intake to PFOS and PFOA concentrations in muscle and milk. This study is considered the weakest of the five reported above. The pooled sample design linked to some individual meat samples along with milk samples based on a pooled milk sample of six individual hand milked cows presents potential issues. The movement of different cattle in and out of the herd as well as no defined exposure period presents weaknesses to the study design. A strength is the potential low level constant exposure likely to be more representative of most environmental exposures (Vestergren et al. 2013).

Table J1 collates the transfer factors for PFOS and PFHxS concentration in meat to intake of PFOS and PFHxS by cattle calculated across the identified studies.

Table J1: Intake to Muscle Transfer Factors in Cattle

PFAS Study 1 Study 2 Study 3 Study 4 Study 5 Transfer Factor (µg/kg muscle/µg/kg bw–d)

PFOS 19 – 41* 14 (steer) 10 – 11 (heifer) 4 -- 42

PFHxS 2 – 4* -- -- -- -- PFOA 0 – 0.3 -- -- -- --

* Lower bound estimate includes an adjustment of intake by cattle by a factor of 0.57 (28/49 days) as these values are for animals in group 2 who were fed a PFAS free diet for days 29 to 50.

The transfer factors adopted in this HHRA for beef muscle are those from Study 1 (Kowalczyk et. al. 2013), the study with the most robust and relevant design:

41 for PFOS; 4 for PFHxS; and 0.3 for PFOA.

This study included constant exposure to PFAS (instead of 1 large initial dose) and the sampling of individual animals (n=3 in both group 1 and group 2). The values obtained by this study are also at the upper end of values reported in the 5 studies reviewed.

Transfer factors for offal (liver and kidney) from Study 1 have also been adopted in this HHRA, consistent with the adopted transfer factors for beef muscle. Table J2 collates the transfer factors for PFOS, PFHxS and PFOA concentration in offal to intake of PFAS by cattle. The adopted transfer factors for beef meat are provided for reference.


Table J2: Intake to Meat Offal Transfer Factors in Cattle Adopted for HHRA

PFAS Adopted Transfer Factor (µg/kg muscle/µg/kg bw–d) Beef Meat Beef Kidney Beef Liver

PFOS 41 320 910 PFHxS 4 21 13 PFOA 0.3 4 5

It is noted that the short exposure period for the Kowalczyk et. al. (2013) study means that equilibrium PFAS concentrations are unlikely to have been reached. Animals in group 2 were subject to a 21 day “depuration period” (where they were fed a PFAS free diet) however concentrations of PFOS in muscle, kidney and liver in group 2 animals were higher than in group 1 animals. Lower concentrations of PFHxS and PFOA the muscle, kidney and liver of group 2 animals was reported, as compared to group 1 animals. The transfer factors for group 2 have been adjusted accordingly, which results in a higher (more conservative) transfer factor.

PFAS is known to be excreted in the milk, hence, transfer factors derived based on studies with dairy cattle (such as Kowalczyk et. al. 2013) may not be protective of beef cattle. Lupton et. al. (2012; 2014; 2015) investigated the uptake of PFAS into beef cattle, however the obtained transfer factors for these studies are lower (refer to Table J1). This may be due to the study designs, which are considered less robust than the Kowalczyk et. al. (2013) study. No other studies providing relevant information in relation to the uptake of PFAS into beef cattle could be located.

Overall, the adopted transfer factors are expected to represent conservative estimates based on the available information.

J3 Estimating Intake

Estimating intake of chemicals for livestock or people uses the same generic equation. This approach was originally outlined by the USEPA (USEPA 1989). The basic methodology outlined in the early years of contaminated sites risk assessment (i.e. 1980s) is still relevant today. The generic equation (or a modified version for a specific type of exposure) is included in the enHealth guidance on risk assessment for Australia. The generic equation is:

Intakem=Cm x IRm x FI x Bo x EF x ED

BW x AT

Where Intakem = Daily intake of PFAS i.e. from beef meat or eggs for humans (µg/kg/day) Cm = Concentration PFAS impacted media i.e. beef meat or eggs for humans (µg/kg) IRm = Ingestion rate (kg/day) FI = Fraction ingested from contaminated source (unitless) Bo = Oral bioavailability (unitless) EF = Exposure frequency (days/year) ED = Exposure duration (years) AT = Averaging time (days) BW = Body weight (kg)


To assess the risks to health from PFAS in the IA off-Base area, the uptake of the PFAS chemicals into beef cattle has been estimated. The intake of these chemicals can then be converted into an estimate of the concentration that may be in the beef meat that people consume. Once the concentrations in beef meat are estimated, the potential risks to human health can be estimated based on how much of the meat is consumed.

There are a number of ways in which livestock can be exposed to PFAS – ingestion of water that contains PFAS, ingestion of soil (incidental when grazing) that contains PFAS and ingestion of grass and fodder that may contain PFAS because it has been grown in affected soil or irrigated with affected water. Where data is available for pasture, there is no need to calculate concentrations in pasture as derived from soil or water. This is the approach that has been adopted in this HHRA.

The equation for estimating daily intake of PFAS for these organisms is (i.e. PFAS in water + PFAS in pasture + PFAS in soil):

IntakeL=((Cw x IR

w x FI)+(Cp x IR

p x FI) + (Cs x IRs x FI)) x Bo x EF x ED

BW x AT

Where IntakeL = Daily intake of PFAS by livestock (µg/kg bw -day) FI = Fraction ingested from contaminated source (unitless) Cw = PFAS concentration in water (µg/L) IRw = Water ingestion rate (L/day) Cp = PFAS concentration in pasture (µg/kg) IRp = Pasture ingestion rate (kg/day) Cs = PFAS concentration in soil (µg/kg) IRs = Soil ingestion rate (kg/day) Bo = Oral bioavailability (unitless) EF = Exposure frequency (days/year) ED = Exposure duration (years) AT = Averaging time (days) BW = Body weight (kg)

The values used for the parameters in this equation are listed in Table J3.

Table J3: Exposure Parameters for Estimating Livestock Intake

Parameter Units Adopted Value Basis / Comment

IRw L/d 45

Average daily consumption from Table 9.3.1 Australian and New Zealand Guidelines for Fresh and Marine Water Volume 3 – Primary Industries (ANZECC/ARMCANZ 2000). The average daily consumption, and not the peak daily consumption, is appropriate for the evaluation of chronic exposures.

IRp kg/d ww 20

Daily feed intake based on assuming they consume 2.5% of body weight from Table 9.3.4 Australian and New Zealand Guidelines for Fresh and Marine Water Volume 3 – Primary Industries (ANZECC/ARMCANZ 2000)

IRs kg/d 2.42 (API 2004)

FI unitless 1 Assumed 100% of soil, water and fodder exposure is to affected media

BO unitless 1 Assumed to be 100% bioavailable in all media EF d/y 365 Assumed exposed daily


Parameter Units Adopted Value Basis / Comment

ED y 2 Personal Communication from NZ Beef and Lamb supported by other online references (years)

AT d 730 Personal Communication from NZ Beef and Lamb supported by other online references (exposure duration in days)

BW kg 800 Average body weight from Table 9.3.2 Australian and New Zealand Guidelines for Fresh and Marine Water Volume 3 – Primary Industries (ANZECC/ARMCANZ 2000)

Notes: ww = wet weight; dw = dry weight

J4 Applicability to Sheep

A comparison of sheep and cattle water and fodder intake, meat to intake transfer factors for sheep and cattle, and human sheep and beef consumption patterns has been undertaken as shown in Table J4.

Table J4: Comparison of Cattle and Sheep Exposure Parameters Factor Beef Cattle Sheep Reference

Value Value Water intake (/kg bw-d) 0.06

0.07 (ANZECC/ARMCANZ 2000)

Pasture intake (kg/kg bw-d) 0.025

0.024 (ANZECC/ARMCANZ 2000)

Soil intake (kg/kg bw-d) 0.003 0.006 (ANZECC/ARMCANZ 2000; API 2004)

Meat to intake ratio (ug/kg(muscle)/ug/kg bw-d)

41 (PFOS) 4.2 (PFHxS) 0.3 (PFOA)

42 (PFOS)

0.4 (PFOA)

(Kowalczyk, Janine et al. 2012)

Human consumption of meat (g/d) 89 16 Mean for male 25+ NZ Total Diet Survey

51 9 Mean for female 25+ NZ Total Diet Survey

30 2 Mean for child (1-3 yo) NZ Total Diet Survey

221 85 90%ile, Adult, Australian Dietary Exposure Assessment (FSANZ

2017d) 85 36 90%ile, Child (2-6 yo),

Australian Dietary Exposure Assessment (FSANZ 2017d)

Based on the comparison presented in Table J4, it is concluded that risk calculations for beef meat would also be conservative and protective for the consumption of sheep meat. The reasons for this conclusion are:

Intake of water, fodder and soil per kilogram of beast is similar between cattle and sheep;

Estimated meat to intake transfer factors were similar for cattle and sheep; and Human consumption of meat is lower for sheep (lamb and mutton) than it is for beef.

Hence, no separate assessment for sheep has been undertaken in this HHRA.


Intake of Chemicals by Beef Cattle

(µg/kg/day)

PFOS PFHxS PFOA unitsMeat to intake ratio = 41 4 0.3 ug/kg (muscle)/ug/kg bw-d

Kidney to intake ratio = 320 21 4 ug/kg (muscle)/ug/kg bw-dLiver to intake ratio = 910 13 5 ug/kg (muscle)/ug/kg bw-d

Beef Cattle

Cattle soil ingestion rate (kg/day dry weight) 2.42Cattle water ingestion rate (L/day) 45Cattle pasture ingestion rate (kg/day wet weight) 20Fraction of produce from site in diet (FI) 1Exposure Frequency (EF, days/year) 365Exposure Duration (ED, years) 2Body Weight (BW, kg) 800Bioaccessibility (B) 1Averaging Time - Threshold (Atn, days) 730

Concentration in Soil/Sediment

Concentration in Water

Concentration in Fodder/Pasture

Livestock Intake from

Soil/Sediment

Livestock Intake from Water

Livestock Intake from Pasture

Total Livestock Intake

(µg/kg dw) (µg/L) (µg/kg ww) (µg/kg/day) (µg/kg/day) (µg/kg ww per day) (µg/kg/day) (µg/kg) (µg/kg) (µg/kg)

PFOS 580 18.2 0 1.8E+00 1.0E+00 0.0E+00 2.8E+00 114 889 2528PFHxS 8.4 13.1 0 2.5E-02 7.4E-01 0.0E+00 7.6E-01 3.0 16 9.9PFOA 2.8 0.7 0 8.5E-03 3.8E-02 0.0E+00 4.7E-02 0.01 0.2 0.2

PFOS 580 18.2 0 1.8E+00 1.0E+00 0.0E+00 2.8E+00 114 889 2528PFHxS 8.4 13.1 0 2.5E-02 7.4E-01 0.0E+00 7.6E-01 3.0 16 9.9PFOA 2.8 0.7 0 8.5E-03 3.8E-02 0.0E+00 4.7E-02 0.01 0.2 0.2

PFOS 580 18.2 31 1.8E+00 1.0E+00 7.8E-01 3.6E+00 146 1137 3233PFHxS 8.4 13.1 42 2.5E-02 7.4E-01 1.1E+00 1.8E+00 7.2 38 24PFOA 2.8 0.7 1 8.5E-03 3.8E-02 2.5E-02 7.2E-02 0.02 0.3 0.4

PFOS 73.2 5.6 0 2.2E-01 3.1E-01 0.0E+00 5.4E-01 22 171 487PFHxS 8.3 6.8 0 2.5E-02 3.8E-01 0.0E+00 4.1E-01 1.6 8.6 5.3PFOA 0.4 0.2 0 1.2E-03 9.0E-03 0.0E+00 1.0E-02 0.003 0.04 0.05

PFOS 97.1 0 0 2.9E-01 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 2.9E-01 12 94 267PFHxS 4.9 0 0 1.5E-02 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 1.5E-02 0.06 0.3 0.2PFOA 0.8 0 0 2.4E-03 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 2.4E-03 0.0007 0.01 0.01

PFOS 97.1 0.02 0 2.9E-01 1.1E-03 0.0E+00 2.9E-01 12 94 268PFHxS 4.9 0 0 1.5E-02 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 1.5E-02 0.06 0.3 0.2PFOA 0.8 0 0 2.4E-03 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 2.4E-03 0.0007 0.01 0.01

PFOS 125.0 0 31 3.8E-01 0.0E+00 7.8E-01 1.2E+00 47 369 1049PFHxS 18.9 0 42 5.7E-02 0.0E+00 1.1E+00 1.1E+00 4.4 23 14PFOA 6.7 0 1 2.0E-02 0.0E+00 2.5E-02 4.5E-02 0.01 0.2 0.2

PFOS 4.1 0.008 0 1.2E-02 4.5E-04 0.0E+00 1.3E-02 0.5 4.1 12PFHxS 0.5 0.003 0 1.5E-03 1.7E-04 0.0E+00 1.7E-03 0.007 0.04 0.02PFOA 1.9 0 0 5.7E-03 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 5.7E-03 0.002 0.02 0.03

PFOS 79.2 0 0 2.4E-01 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 2.4E-01 9.8 77 218PFHxS 4.6 0 0 1.4E-02 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 1.4E-02 0.06 0.3 0.2PFOA 1 0 0 3.0E-03 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 3.0E-03 0.001 0.01 0.02

PFOS 1.5 0.02 0 4.5E-03 1.1E-03 0.0E+00 5.7E-03 0.2 1.8 5.2PFHxS 0 0 0 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 0 0 0PFOA 0 0 0 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 0 0 0

PFOS 125.0 0 31 3.8E-01 0.0E+00 7.8E-01 1.2E+00 47 369 1049PFHxS 18.9 0 42 5.7E-02 0.0E+00 1.1E+00 1.1E+00 4.4 23 14PFOA 6.7 0 1 2.0E-02 0.0E+00 2.5E-02 4.5E-02 0.01 0.2 0.2

PFOS 4.1 0.008 0 1.2E-02 4.5E-04 0.0E+00 1.3E-02 0.5 4.1 12PFHxS 0.5 0.003 0 1.5E-03 1.7E-04 0.0E+00 1.7E-03 0.007 0.04 0.02PFOA 1.9 0 0 5.7E-03 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 5.7E-03 0.002 0.02 0.03

PFOS 8 0.004 0 2.5E-02 2.3E-04 0.0E+00 2.6E-02 1.1 8.2 23PFHxS 0 0.004 0 0.0E+00 2.3E-04 0.0E+00 2.3E-04 0.0009 0.005 0.003PFOA 0.3 0 0 9.1E-04 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 9.1E-04 0.0003 0.004 0.005

Scenario 1: WuS ID CW



Scenario 3: WuS ID 16 and WuS ID 24

PFAS in Liver


Scenario 3: WuS ID 15








Exposure Parameters

Calculations for PFOS+PFHxS and PFOA

Estimation of Uptake and Intake of PFAS

PFAS in Muscle PFAS in Kidney


Exposure to Chemicals via Ingestion of Beef Meat (Muscle)

(µg/kg/day)

AdultLight

ConsumptionMedium

ConsumptionWorst-Case

Consumption

Ingestion Rate of Beef (IRp, kg/day) 0.071 0.163 0.163Fraction of produce from site in diet (FI) 5% 10% 100%Exposure Frequency (EF, days/year) 365 365 365Exposure Duration (ED, years) 10 35 35Body Weight (BW, kg) 78 78 78Bioaccessibility (B) 100% 100% 100%Averaging Time - Threshold (Atn, days) 3650 12775 12775



(TDI-Background)

Light Medium Worst-Case Light Medium Worst-Case

(µg/kg/day) (µg/kg/day) (µg/kg) (µg/kg/day) (µg/kg/day) (µg/kg/day) (unitless) (unitless)

PFOS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 1.1E+02 5.2E-03 2.4E-02 2.4E-01 2.79E-01 1.28E+00 1.28E+01PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 3.0E+00 1.4E-04 6.4E-04 6.4E-03 7.46E-03 3.43E-02 3.43E-01PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 1.4E-02 6.4E-07 2.9E-06 2.9E-05 3.99E-06 1.83E-05 1.83E-04

0.3 1.3 13


0.3 1.3 13Scenario 1: WuS ID 17PFOS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 1.5E+02 6.6E-03 3.0E-02 3.0E-01 3.56E-01 1.64E+00 1.64E+01PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 7.2E+00 3.3E-04 1.5E-03 1.5E-02 1.77E-02 8.14E-02 8.14E-01PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 2.2E-02 9.8E-07 4.5E-06 4.5E-05 6.12E-06 0.0 2.81E-04

0.4 1.7 17Scenario 1: WuS ID 45 and WuS ID 13PFOS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 2.2E+01 1.0E-03 4.6E-03 4.6E-02 5.37E-02 2.47E-01 2.47E+00PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 1.6E+00 7.5E-05 3.4E-04 3.4E-03 4.01E-03 1.84E-02 1.84E-01PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 3.1E-03 1.4E-07 6.4E-07 6.4E-06 8.71E-07 4.00E-06 4.00E-05

0.06 0.3 2.7

PFOS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 1.2E+01 5.5E-04 2.5E-03 2.5E-02 2.95E-02 1.35E-01 1.35E+00PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 5.9E-02 2.7E-06 1.2E-05 1.2E-04 1.45E-04 6.66E-04 6.66E-03PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 7.3E-04 3.3E-08 1.5E-07 1.5E-06 2.07E-07 9.48E-07 9.48E-06

0.03 0.1 1.4


0.03 0.1 1.4Scenario 2: WuS ID 17PFOS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 4.7E+01 2.2E-03 9.9E-03 9.9E-02 1.16E-01 5.31E-01 5.31E+00PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 4.4E+00 2.0E-04 9.3E-04 9.3E-03 1.08E-02 4.98E-02 4.98E-01PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 1.4E-02 6.2E-07 2.8E-06 2.8E-05 3.86E-06 1.77E-05 1.77E-04

0.1 0.6 5.8Scenario 2: WuS ID 45 and WuS ID 13PFOS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 5.3E-01 2.4E-05 1.1E-04 1.1E-03 1.29E-03 5.92E-03 5.92E-02PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 6.7E-03 3.1E-07 1.4E-06 1.4E-05 1.65E-05 7.56E-05 7.56E-04PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 1.7E-03 7.8E-08 3.6E-07 3.6E-06 4.90E-07 2.25E-06 2.25E-05

0.001 0.006 0.06


0.02 0.1 1.1

PFOS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 2.3E-01 1.1E-05 4.9E-05 4.9E-04 5.68E-04 2.61E-03 2.61E-02PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00

0.0006 0.003 0.03Scenario 3: WuS ID 17PFOS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 4.7E+01 2.2E-03 9.9E-03 9.9E-02 1.16E-01 5.31E-01 5.31E+00PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 4.4E+00 2.0E-04 9.3E-04 9.3E-03 1.08E-02 4.98E-02 4.98E-01PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 1.4E-02 6.2E-07 2.8E-06 2.8E-05 3.86E-06 1.77E-05 1.77E-04

0.1 0.6 5.8Scenario 3: WuS ID 45 and WuS ID 13PFOS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 5.3E-01 2.4E-05 1.1E-04 1.1E-03 1.29E-03 5.92E-03 5.92E-02PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 6.7E-03 3.1E-07 1.4E-06 1.4E-05 1.65E-05 7.56E-05 7.56E-04PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 1.7E-03 7.8E-08 3.6E-07 3.6E-06 4.90E-07 2.25E-06 2.25E-05

0.001 0.006 0.06

PFOS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 1.1E+00 4.8E-05 2.2E-04 2.2E-03 2.57E-03 1.18E-02 1.18E-01PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 9.0E-04 4.1E-08 1.9E-07 1.9E-06 2.20E-06 1.01E-05 1.01E-04PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 2.7E-04 1.2E-08 5.7E-08 5.7E-07 7.74E-08 3.56E-07 3.56E-06

0.003 0.01 0.1


TOTAL


TOTAL


TOTAL

TOTAL

TOTAL

TOTAL


TOTAL

TOTAL

TOTAL

TOTAL

TOTAL


TOTAL

Exposure Parameters


Toxicity Data

PFAS in Muscle



TOTAL


ChildLight

ConsumptionMedium


Consumption

Ingestion Rate of Beef (IRp, kg/day) 0.033 0.085 0.085Fraction of produce from site in diet (FI) 5% 10% 100%Exposure Frequency (EF, days/year) 365 365 365Exposure Duration (ED, years) 5 5 5Body Weight (BW, kg) 15 15 15Bioaccessibility (B) 100% 100% 100%Averaging Time - Threshold (Atn, days) 1825 1825 1825



(TDI-Background)




0.7 3.6 36


0.7 3.6 36Scenario 1: WuS ID 17PFOS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 1.5E+02 1.6E-02 8.3E-02 8.3E-01 8.62E-01 4.44E+00 4.44E+01PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 7.2E+00 8.0E-04 4.1E-03 4.1E-02 4.29E-02 2.21E-01 2.21E+00PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 2.2E-02 2.4E-06 1.2E-05 1.2E-04 1.48E-05 7.62E-05 7.62E-04

0.9 4.7 47

PFOS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 2.2E+01 2.4E-03 1.2E-02 1.2E-01 1.30E-01 6.69E-01 6.69E+00PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 1.6E+00 1.8E-04 9.3E-04 9.3E-03 9.70E-03 4.99E-02 4.99E-01PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 3.1E-03 3.4E-07 1.7E-06 1.7E-05 2.11E-06 1.08E-05 1.08E-04

0.1 0.7 7.2


0.07 0.4 3.7


0.07 0.4 3.7Scenario 2: WuS ID 17PFOS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 4.7E+01 5.2E-03 2.7E-02 2.7E-01 2.80E-01 1.44E+00 1.44E+01PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 4.4E+00 4.9E-04 2.5E-03 2.5E-02 2.62E-02 1.35E-01 1.35E+00PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 1.4E-02 1.5E-06 7.7E-06 7.7E-05 9.34E-06 4.81E-05 4.81E-04

0.3 1.6 16

PFOS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 5.3E-01 5.8E-05 3.0E-04 3.0E-03 3.12E-03 1.61E-02 1.61E-01PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 6.7E-03 7.4E-07 3.8E-06 3.8E-05 3.98E-05 2.05E-04 2.05E-03PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 1.7E-03 1.9E-07 9.8E-07 9.8E-06 1.19E-06 6.11E-06 6.11E-05

0.003 0.02 0.2


0.06 0.3 3

PFOS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 2.3E-01 2.6E-05 1.3E-04 1.3E-03 1.37E-03 7.07E-03 7.07E-02PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00


0.3 1.6 16

PFOS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 5.3E-01 5.8E-05 3.0E-04 3.0E-03 3.12E-03 1.61E-02 1.61E-01PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 6.7E-03 7.4E-07 3.8E-06 3.8E-05 3.98E-05 2.05E-04 2.05E-03PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 1.7E-03 1.9E-07 9.8E-07 9.8E-06 1.19E-06 6.11E-06 6.11E-05

0.003 0.02 0.2

PFOS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 1.1E+00 1.2E-04 6.0E-04 6.0E-03 6.22E-03 3.20E-02 3.20E-01PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 9.0E-04 9.9E-08 5.1E-07 5.1E-06 5.32E-06 2.74E-05 2.74E-04PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 2.7E-04 3.0E-08 1.5E-07 1.5E-06 1.87E-07 9.64E-07 9.64E-06

0.006 0.03 0.3

TOTAL

Scenario 1: WuS ID 45 and WuS ID 13TOTAL

Exposure Parameters



TOTAL

TOTAL

TOTAL

TOTAL



TOTAL

TOTALScenario 3: WuS ID 45 and WuS ID 13

TOTAL


TOTAL

Scenario 2: WuS ID 45 and WuS ID 13TOTAL


Toxicity Data

PFAS in Muscle


TOTAL


TOTAL


Exposure to Chemicals via Ingestion of Beef - Target Beef Meat Intake Levels

AdultScenario Scenario 2 Scenario 3

Ingestion Rate of Beef (IRp, kg/day) 0.2 0.2 0.2Fraction of produce from site in diet (FI) 100% 100% 100%Exposure Duration (ED, years) 1 1 1Body Weight (BW, kg) 78 78 78Bioaccessibility (B) 100% 100% 100%Averaging Time - Threshold (Atn, days) 365 365 365

Threshold TDI Background Intake (% TDI)

TDI Allowable for Assessment

(TDI-Background)

(µg/kg/day) (µg/kg/day) (µg/kg)Scenario 1: WuS ID CWPFOS + PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 1.2E+02 1 23PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 1.4E-02 1 1625000TOTALScenario 1: WuS ID 15PFOS + PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 1.2E+02 1 23PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 1.4E-02 1 1625000TOTALScenario 1: WuS ID 17PFOS + PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 1.5E+02 1 17PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 2.2E-02 1 1058561TOTALScenario 1: WuS ID 45 and WuS ID 13PFOS + PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 2.4E+01 1 112PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 3.1E-03 1 7435847TOTALScenario 2: WuS ID CWPFOS + PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 1.2E+01 1 219PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 7.3E-04 1 31371901TOTALScenario 2: WuS ID 15PFOS + PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 1.2E+01 1 218PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 7.3E-04 1 31371901TOTALScenario 2: WuS ID 17PFOS + PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 5.2E+01 1 51PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 1.4E-02 1 1677141TOTALScenario 3: WuS ID CWPFOS + PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 9.9E+00 1 268PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 9.1E-04 1 25097521TOTALScenario 3: WuS ID 17PFOS + PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 5.2E+01 1 51PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 1.4E-02 1 1677141TOTAL

ChildScenario Scenario 2 Scenario 3

Ingestion Rate of Beef (IRp, kg/day) 0.1 0.1 0.1Fraction of produce from site in diet (FI) 100% 100% 100%Exposure Duration (ED, years) 1 1 1Body Weight (BW, kg) 15 15 15Bioaccessibility (B) 100% 100% 100%Averaging Time - Threshold (Atn, days) 365 365 365

Threshold TDI Background Intake (% TDI)

TDI Allowable for Assessment

(TDI-Background)

(µg/kg/day) (µg/kg/day) (µg/kg)Scenario 1: WuS ID CWPFOS + PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 1.2E+02 1 9PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 1.4E-02 1 625000TOTALScenario 1: WuS ID 15PFOS + PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 1.2E+02 1 9PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 1.4E-02 1 625000TOTALScenario 1: WuS ID 17PFOS + PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 1.5E+02 1 7PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 2.2E-02 1 407139TOTALScenario 1: WuS ID 45 and WuS ID 13PFOS + PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 2.4E+01 1 43PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 3.1E-03 1 2859941TOTALScenario 2: WuS ID CWPFOS + PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 1.2E+01 1 84PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 7.3E-04 1 12066116TOTALScenario 2: WuS ID 15PFOS + PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 1.2E+01 1 84PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 7.3E-04 1 12066116TOTALScenario 2: WuS ID 17PFOS + PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 5.2E+01 1 20PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 1.4E-02 1 645054TOTALScenario 3: WuS ID CWPFOS + PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 9.9E+00 1 103PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 9.1E-04 1 9652893TOTALScenario 3: WuS ID 17PFOS + PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 5.2E+01 1 20PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 1.4E-02 1 645054TOTAL

Acceptable No. Servings

Exposure Parameters


Toxicity Data

PFAS in Muscle Target HQ Acceptable

No. Servings

Exposure Parameters


Toxicity Data

PFAS in Muscle Target HQ


Exposure to Chemicals via Ingestion of Beef Offal (Kidney)

(µg/kg/day)

AdultLight

ConsumptionMedium


Consumption

Ingestion Rate of Kidney (IRp, kg/day) 0.032 0.084 0.084Fraction of produce from site in diet (FI) 5% 10% 100%Exposure Frequency (EF, days/year) 365 365 365Exposure Duration (ED, years) 10 35 35Body Weight (BW, kg) 78 78 78Bioaccessibility (B) 100% 100% 100%Averaging Time - Threshold (Atn, days) 3650 12775 12775



(TDI-Background)




1.0 5.2 52


1.0 5.2 52Scenario 1: WuS ID 17PFOS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 1.1E+03 2.3E-02 1.2E-01 1.2E+00 1.25E+00 6.58E+00 6.58E+01PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 3.8E+01 7.8E-04 4.1E-03 4.1E-02 4.20E-02 2.20E-01 2.20E+00PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 2.9E-01 5.9E-06 3.1E-05 3.1E-04 3.68E-05 0.0 1.93E-03

1.3 6.8 68Scenario 1: WuS ID 45 and WuS ID 13PFOS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 1.7E+02 3.5E-03 1.8E-02 1.8E-01 1.89E-01 9.92E-01 9.92E+00PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 8.6E+00 1.8E-04 9.3E-04 9.3E-03 9.49E-03 4.98E-02 4.98E-01PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 4.1E-02 8.4E-07 4.4E-06 4.4E-05 5.24E-06 2.75E-05 2.75E-04

0.2 1.0 10


0.1 0.5 5.5



0.4 2.3 23Scenario 2: WuS ID 45 and WuS ID 13PFOS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 4.1E+00 8.4E-05 4.4E-04 4.4E-03 4.54E-03 2.38E-02 2.38E-01PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 3.5E-02 7.2E-07 3.8E-06 3.8E-05 3.89E-05 2.04E-04 2.04E-03PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 2.3E-02 4.7E-07 2.5E-06 2.5E-05 2.95E-06 1.55E-05 1.55E-04

0.005 0.02 0.2


0.08 0.4 4.5

PFOS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 1.8E+00 3.7E-05 2.0E-04 2.0E-03 2.00E-03 1.05E-02 1.05E-01PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00



0.005 0.02 0.2Scenario 3: WuS ID 16 and WuS ID 24PFOS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 8.2E+00 1.7E-04 8.8E-04 8.8E-03 9.05E-03 4.75E-02 4.75E-01PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 4.7E-03 9.7E-08 5.1E-07 5.1E-06 5.21E-06 2.74E-05 2.74E-04PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 3.6E-03 7.4E-08 3.9E-07 3.9E-06 4.65E-07 2.44E-06 2.44E-05

0.009 0.05 0.5


TOTAL

TOTAL


TOTAL

TOTAL

TOTAL

TOTAL

TOTAL

Exposure Parameters


Toxicity Data

PFAS in Kidney


TOTAL

TOTAL


TOTAL

TOTAL


TOTAL


TOTAL


Exposure to Chemicals via Ingestion of Beef Offal (Liver)

(µg/kg/day)

AdultLight

ConsumptionMedium


Consumption

Ingestion Rate of Kidney (IRp, kg/day) 0.032 0.084 0.084Fraction of produce from site in diet (FI) 5% 10% 100%Exposure Frequency (EF, days/year) 365 365 365Exposure Duration (ED, years) 10 35 35Body Weight (BW, kg) 78 78 78Bioaccessibility (B) 100% 100% 100%Averaging Time - Threshold (Atn, days) 3650 12775 12775



(TDI-Background)



PFOS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 2.5E+03 5.2E-02 2.7E-01 2.7E+00 2.79E+00 1.46E+01 1.46E+02PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 9.9E+00 2.0E-04 1.1E-03 1.1E-02 1.09E-02 5.74E-02 5.74E-01PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 2.3E-01 4.8E-06 2.5E-05 2.5E-04 2.99E-05 1.57E-04 1.57E-03

2.8 15 147

PFOS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 2.5E+03 5.2E-02 2.7E-01 2.7E+00 2.79E+00 1.46E+01 1.46E+02PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 9.9E+00 2.0E-04 1.1E-03 1.1E-02 1.09E-02 5.74E-02 5.74E-01PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 2.3E-01 4.8E-06 2.5E-05 2.5E-04 2.99E-05 1.57E-04 1.57E-03

2.8 15 147Scenario 1: WuS ID 17PFOS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 3.2E+03 6.6E-02 3.5E-01 3.5E+00 3.57E+00 1.87E+01 1.87E+02PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 2.4E+01 4.8E-04 2.5E-03 2.5E-02 2.60E-02 1.36E-01 1.36E+00PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 3.6E-01 7.4E-06 3.9E-05 3.9E-04 4.60E-05 0.0 2.41E-03

3.6 19 189Scenario 1: WuS ID 45 and WuS ID 13PFOS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 4.9E+02 1.0E-02 5.2E-02 5.2E-01 5.37E-01 2.82E+00 2.82E+01PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 5.3E+00 1.1E-04 5.7E-04 5.7E-03 5.88E-03 3.08E-02 3.08E-01PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 5.1E-02 1.0E-06 5.5E-06 5.5E-05 6.54E-06 3.44E-05 3.44E-04

0.5 2.9 29

PFOS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 2.7E+02 5.5E-03 2.9E-02 2.9E-01 2.95E-01 1.55E+00 1.55E+01PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 1.9E-01 4.0E-06 2.1E-05 2.1E-04 2.13E-04 1.12E-03 1.12E-02PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 1.2E-02 2.5E-07 1.3E-06 1.3E-05 1.55E-06 8.14E-06 8.14E-05

0.3 1.5 15


0.3 1.6 16Scenario 2: WuS ID 17PFOS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 1.0E+03 2.2E-02 1.1E-01 1.1E+00 1.16E+00 6.08E+00 6.08E+01PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 1.4E+01 3.0E-04 1.6E-03 1.6E-02 1.59E-02 8.33E-02 8.33E-01PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 2.3E-01 4.6E-06 2.4E-05 2.4E-04 2.90E-05 1.52E-04 1.52E-03


0.01 0.07 0.7


0.2 1.3 13

PFOS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 5.2E+00 1.1E-04 5.5E-04 5.5E-03 5.68E-03 2.98E-02 2.98E-01PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00

0.006 0.03 0.3Scenario 3: WuS ID 17PFOS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 1.0E+03 2.2E-02 1.1E-01 1.1E+00 1.16E+00 6.08E+00 6.08E+01PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 1.4E+01 3.0E-04 1.6E-03 1.6E-02 1.59E-02 8.33E-02 8.33E-01PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 2.3E-01 4.6E-06 2.4E-05 2.4E-04 2.90E-05 1.52E-04 1.52E-03


0.01 0.07 0.7Scenario 3: WuS ID 16 and WuS ID 24PFOS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 2.3E+01 4.8E-04 2.5E-03 2.5E-02 2.57E-02 1.35E-01 1.35E+00PFHxS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 2.9E-03 6.0E-08 3.2E-07 3.2E-06 3.23E-06 1.69E-05 1.69E-04PFOA 1.6E-01 0% 1.6E-01 4.5E-03 9.3E-08 4.9E-07 4.9E-06 5.82E-07 3.05E-06 3.05E-05

0.03 0.1 1.4


TOTAL

TOTAL


TOTAL

TOTAL

TOTAL

TOTAL

TOTAL

Exposure Parameters


Toxicity Data

PFAS in Liver


TOTAL

TOTAL


TOTAL

TOTAL


TOTAL


TOTAL


Exposure to Chemicals via Ingestion of Eggs

(µg/kg/day)

AdultLight

ConsumptionMedium


Consumption

Ingestion Rate of Eggs (IRp, kg/day) 0.03 0.06 0.06Fraction of produce from site in diet (FI) 5% 10% 100%Exposure Frequency (EF, days/year) 365 365 365Exposure Duration (ED, years) 10 35 35Body Weight (BW, kg) 78 78 78Bioaccessibility (B) 100% 100% 100%Averaging Time - Threshold (Atn, days) 3650 12775 12775



(TDI-Background)



PFOS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 10.0 1.9E-04 7.7E-04 7.7E-03 0.01 0.04 0.4

PFOS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 7.5 1.4E-04 5.8E-04 5.8E-03 0.008 0.03 0.3

PFOS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 6.8 1.3E-04 5.2E-04 5.2E-03 0.007 0.03 0.3

PFOS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 4.7 9.0E-05 3.6E-04 3.6E-03 0.005 0.02 0.2

ChildLight

ConsumptionMedium


Consumption

Ingestion Rate of Eggs (IRp, kg/day) 0.03 0.06 0.06Fraction of produce from site in diet (FI) 5% 10% 100%Exposure Frequency (EF, days/year) 365 365 365Exposure Duration (ED, years) 5 5 5Body Weight (BW, kg) 15 15 15Bioaccessibility (B) 100% 100% 100%Averaging Time - Threshold (Atn, days) 1825 1825 1825



(TDI-Background)



PFOS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 10.0 1.0E-03 4.0E-03 4.0E-02 0.05 0.22 2.2

PFOS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 7.5 7.5E-04 3.0E-03 3.0E-02 0.04 0.16 1.6

PFOS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 6.8 6.8E-04 2.7E-03 2.7E-02 0.04 0.15 1.5

PFOS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 4.7 4.7E-04 1.9E-03 1.9E-02 0.03 0.10 1.0

Exposure Parameters

Calculations for PFOS+PFHxS Toxicity Data

PFAS in Eggs

Exposure Parameters

WuS ID 7 and WuS ID 20 (Average Concentration)

WuS ID 7 and WuS ID 20 (Maximum Concentration)

WuS ID 18 (Maximum Concentration)

WuS ID 18 (Average Concentration)

WuS ID 7 and WuS ID 20 (Average Concentration)

WuS ID 18 (Average Concentration)


PFAS in Eggs

WuS ID 7 and WuS ID 20 (Maximum Concentration)

WuS ID 18 (Maximum Concentration)


Appendix K Assessment of Risks: Consumption of

Rosemary


Exposure to Chemicals via Ingestion of Rosemary

(µg/kg/day)

AdultsLight

ConsumptionMedium


Consumption

Ingestion Rate of Rosemary (IRp, kg/day) 0.002 0.004 0.004Fraction of produce from site in diet (FI) 5% 10% 100%Exposure Frequency (EF, days/year) 365 365 365Exposure Duration (ED, years) 10 35 35Body Weight (BW, kg) 78 78 78Bioaccessibility (B) 100% 100% 100%Averaging Time - Threshold (Atn, days) 3650 12775 12775



(TDI-Background)


(µg/kg/day) (µg/kg/day) (µg/kg) (µg/kg/day) (µg/kg/day) (µg/kg/day) (unitless) (unitless)PFOS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 9.2 1.2E-05 4.7E-05 4.7E-04 0.001 0.003 0.03

ChildLight

ConsumptionMedium


Consumption

Ingestion Rate of Rosemary (IRp, kg/day) 0.001 0.002 0.002Fraction of produce from site in diet (FI) 5% 10% 100%Exposure Frequency (EF, days/year) 365 365 365Exposure Duration (ED, years) 5 5 5Body Weight (BW, kg) 15 15 15Bioaccessibility (B) 100% 100% 100%Averaging Time - Threshold (Atn, days) 1825 1825 1825



(TDI-Background)


(µg/kg/day) (µg/kg/day) (µg/kg) (µg/kg/day) (µg/kg/day) (µg/kg/day) (unitless) (unitless)PFOS 2.0E-02 7% 1.9E-02 9.2 3.1E-05 1.2E-04 1.2E-03 0.002 0.01 0.1

Exposure Parameters


PFAS in Rosemary

Exposure Parameters


PFAS in Rosemary


Appendix L MW307 & MW309 Technical Memorandum

M E M O R A N D U M

690738 CH2M HILL AUSTRALIA PTY LTD 1

MW307 & MW309 PREPARED FOR: Ruth Jarman (enRiskS)

PREPARED BY: Monique Farmer, Jo Cuttler

DATE: 5 June 2019

REVISION: 0

PROJECT NUMBER: 690738 – SME – MW307 and MW309 Technical Memorandum

Introduction

CH2M HILL Australia Pty Ltd (CH2M) has been engaged by Department of Defence (Defence) as the Lead Consultant for the environmental investigation of per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) at Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) Base Amberley (the Base) and surrounding areas. The aim of the environmental investigation is to assess the level of contamination and resulting potential risk to human health and the ecological environment posed by PFAS contamination from the Base.

The Detailed Site Investigation (DSI) was completed in 2018, a Human Health Risk Assessment (HHRA) and Environmental Risk Assessment (ERA) were recommendations from the DSI and these risk assessments are currently underway. Consequently, the PFAS environmental investigation schedule has now extended into a second seasonal cycle. In light of this, Defence requested the completion of the first Seasonal Monitoring Event (SME). The SME is additional scope engaged under the environmental investigation of PFAS; sampling commenced in April and completed in May 2019.

Standing water levels (SWL) recorded during previous investigations at MW307 and compared with SWL at MW309, an adjacent deep groundwater monitoring well, indicated that perched groundwater was present in this area, near the former Fuel Farm 1. This localised perched groundwater was considered a potential exposure pathway for workers, if contaminated, shallow groundwater was ever encountered during excavation or maintenance activities in the area.

MW307 has been sampled in previous investigations but never tested for the PFAS analyte suite. MW307 was not accessible for sampling during the DSI program in 2017‐2018. To close the data gap, it was necessary to analyse water sampled from MW307 to confirm if there is PFAS contamination and confirm a complete source‐pathway‐receptor scenario requiring risk assessment.

This technical memorandum outlines the methodology and results from gauging and sampling at MW307 and MW309 during the SME in May 2019. These results are being reported separately in this Technical Memo to be referenced in the HHRA report, as it will be finalised before the SME report. The HHRA will then assess potential risks to workers, if they come into contact with contaminated groundwater near MW307.

MW307 & MW309

2 690738

Method

CH2M sampled groundwater from MW307 and MW309 on 8 May 2018. These groundwater wells were sampled in accordance with the Amberley SME SAQP.

The samples collected were:

Groundwater samples from MW307

Groundwater samples from MW309

Sampling documents were completed at each sampling location and included in Attachment 1.

The sample bottles were labelled according to Defence protocol with a unique identifier and transferred to an ice‐cooled container prior to transport to the laboratory under standard CH2M chain of custody documentation. The primary samples were submitted to ALS Laboratory Group (ALS). ALS is accredited by the National Association of Testing Authorities (NATA) for the analyses carried out.

Sample Analytical Schedule and Screening Criteria

Based on the SME SAQP, samples were submitted for analysis for PFAS Extended Suite, major cations and anions, and total dissolved solids.

The NEMP PFAS Freshwater, Drinking Water and Recreational Water guidelines were utilised as the relevant screening criteria.

Field Observations

Both MW307 and MW309 are located in Confirmed Primary Source Area (CPSA) M which is located centrally on the Base. It is adjacent to the Former Fuel Farm 1 and Triple Interceptor Pit.

Groundwater at MW307 was observed as yellow with low turbidity. No odour or visual contamination in the form of a sheen was observed.

Groundwater at MW309 was observed as yellow with low to medium turbidity. No odour or visual contamination in the form of a sheen was observed.

Groundwater well information including current and historic SWLs is show below in Table 1‐1 below.

Table 1‐1 – Groundwater Monitoring Well (GWMW) Field Observations

GWMW ID Well Depth (mbgl) SWL – DSI, March

2018 (mbgl) SWL – SME, May 2019

(mbgl)

MW307 5.0 1.273 1.460

MW309 19.0 11.001 10.920

Photographs of the relevant area and groundwater sampling are provided in Table 1‐2 below.

MW307 & MW309

3 690738

Table 1‐2 ‐ Photographic Log

Photographic Log

8‐May‐19 – Groundwater sampling at MW307 8‐May‐19 – Groundwater sampling at MW309

Analytical Results

Analytical results for the groundwater sampled in May 2019 are presented in Attachment 2, with the laboratory documents presented in Attachment 3.

Groundwater sampled from MW307 reported concentrations of PFOS at 29.4 µg/L, PFOA at 1.44 µg/L, and Sum of PFHxS and PFOS at 53 µg/L.

Groundwater sampled from MW309 reported concentrations of Sum of PFHxS and PFOS at 0.02 µg/L. PFOS was detected in samples collected at MW309 (0.02 µg/L), however these did not exceed the relevant criteria.

Major cation/anion concentrations were markedly different between MW307 and MW309.

Quality Assurance and Quality Control

One field duplicate (0861_QC103_190508) and one field triplicate (0861_QC203_190508) were collected from MW309. Results were consistent with the primary sample, as shown in Attachment 2.

A rinsate was performed as per the SME SAQP. No concentrations of PFAS were detected in the rinsate collected from the groundwater equipment on 8 May 2019 (0861_QC302_190508).

MW307 & MW309

4 690738

Discussion

A review of analytical results identified concentrations in MW307 of PFOS above NEMP Freshwater guidelines, PFOA above NEMP Drinking water guidelines, and Sum of PFHxS and PFOS above Recreational water guidelines.

Concentrations were detected in MW309 of Sum of PFHxS and PFOS above NEMP Recreational water guidelines. PFOS was detected in samples collected at MW309, however these did not exceed the relevant criteria.

The major cation/anion concentrations detected in MW307 and MW309 are markedly different. This, along with the different PFAS concentrations, demonstrates no connectivity between groundwater sampled in MW307 and MW309. This further supports that MW307 is in perched groundwater. During the SME, in May 2019, SWL was observed to be generally lower across the whole monitoring well network when compared to SWLs recorded in March 2018. The region has a wet and dry season. The annual mean rainfall is 864 mm, with rainfall increasing between October and March. August averages as the driest month, and February averages as the wettest month. A difference in SWL in MW307 is not unexpected, between wet and dry season monitoring events, as recorded in Table 1‐1.

Conclusion

PFAS were detected in groundwater sampled from MW307 and MW309. MW307 recorded concentrations of PFOS above NEMP Freshwater guidelines, PFOA above NEMP Drinking water guidelines, and Sum of PFHxS and PFOS above Recreational water guidelines.

Concentrations were detected in MW309 of Sum of PFHxS and PFOS above NEMP Recreational water guidelines. PFOS was detected in samples collected at MW309, however these did not exceed the relevant criteria.

A complete exposure pathway has been demonstrated through this investigation. It is recommended that the HHRA assess the potential health risks of direct contact with groundwater in this area.

ooOOoo

We trust that the information in this letter meets your requirements. Should you require any further information, please contact the undersigned on (03) 8668 3992.

Yours sincerely,

Jo Cuttler Lead Consultant CH2M Australia Pty Ltd RAAF Amberley PFAS program

MW307 & MW309

3 690738

Attachments: Attachment 1 – Field Forms Attachment 2 – Results Table Attachment 3 ‐ Laboratory Reports

MW307 & MW309

6 690738

MW307 & MW309

3 690738

Attachment 1 – Field Forms

Client: Project Number: Date:

Location: Well ID:

Field Team: PID:

Field Equipment Calibrated:

SWL Measuring Point (please circle): TOC TOC - top of casing

Purging Information

Start Time: End Time:

Start SWL (mbtoc): PSH?: PSH Thickness: N/A

Depth of Well (mbtoc): NB: Do not sample if PSH present

Depth to Pump Intake (mbtoc): (set to approx. middle of well screen or middle of water column if well screen is not fully saturated)

Pump Model:

Approx. Purging Rate (L/min): (approx) SWL stabilised before commence pumping? Yes / No

Bore Volume Calculation:

TimeSWL

(mbtoc)

Drawdown

(m)

Cumulative

Volume Purged

(L)

Pump Rate

(L/min)

Temp

(oC)

pH

(units)

ORP

(mV)

SC

(µS/cm)

DO

(mg/L)

13:52 1.46 0.00 0 0.16 28.5 5.87 200.5 1069 0.83

13:55 1.89 0.43 0.5 0.16 27.8 4.99 242.8 1028 0.14

13:58 2.11 0.65 1 0.16 27.9 4.85 255.3 798 0.31

14:01 2.1 0.64 1.5 0.16 27.9 4.87 258.5 757 0.66

14:04 2.1 0.64 2 0.16 27.8 4.84 259.3 766 0.89

14:08 2.1 0.64 2.5 0.16 27.8 4.84 260.4 756 0.87

± 0.2 ± 0.05 ± 10 mV ± 3% ± 10%

Purging should continue until a minimum of three stabilised measurements are achieved

Sampling Information

Start Time: 14:08 Sample No. MW307

End Time: 14:10 No. Sample Bottles: 2

SWL at completion of sampling (mbtoc): 2.1 QA/QC sample Taken? Y / N Sample ID:

Time SWL (mbtoc)Drawdown

(m)

Volume Purged

(L)

Pump Rate

(L/min)Temp (oC) pH (units)

ORP

(mV)

SC

(µS/cm)

DO

(ppm)

14:08 2.1 0.64 2.5 0.16 27.8 4.84 260.4 756 0.87

Sample Filtered: Yes / No Filter Size: 0.45µm / 0.1µm Weather Conditions: Sunny, warm.

Location of Purged Water: IBC storage area on base

Final SWL (mbtoc): 2.1

Purged by: Signature: Date:

Sampled by: Signature: Date:

Checked by: Signature: Date:

Please enter correct units for ORP, SC and

DO from WQM

Comments (colour, odour, turbidity etc)

752. Yellow-brown, low turbidity, no odour, no visual

contamination.

Stabilised Parameters? Yes/No


contamination.


contamination.


contamination.


contamination.


contamination.


contamination.

Bore Casing Diameter (m): Bore Volume (L):

Please enter correct units for ORP/Eh, EC

and DO from WQM

EC. Comments (colour, sheen, odour, turbidity etc)

5.00

3.50

Low flow

0.16

Top of Filter Pack (mbtoc): Drilling Diameter (m):

TF/CY N/A

WQM - Yes, Dip Meter - Yes

13:52 14:10

1.460 No

CH2M Groundwater Sampling Purge Sheet

Defence 690738 08-05-19

Amberley MW307

Results table.xlsx

Client: Project Number: Date:

Location: Well ID:

Field Team: PID:

Field Equipment Calibrated:

SWL Measuring Point (please circle): TOC TOC - top of casing

Purging Information

Start Time: End Time:

Start SWL (mbtoc): PSH?: PSH Thickness: N/A

Depth of Well (mbtoc): NB: Do not sample if PSH present

Depth to Pump Intake (mbtoc): (set to approx. middle of well screen or middle of water column if well screen is not fully saturated)

Pump Model:

Approx. Purging Rate (L/min): (approx) SWL stabilised before commence pumping? Yes / No

Bore Volume Calculation:

TimeSWL

(mbtoc)

Drawdown

(m)

Cumulative

Volume Purged

(L)

Pump Rate

(L/min)

Temp

(oC)

pH

(units)

ORP

(mV)

SC

(µS/cm)

DO

(mg/L)

14:22 10.92 0.00 0.00 0.21 26.3 6.69 113.6 14441 0.41

14:25 11.01 0.09 1.00 0.21 26.2 6.7 105.6 14588 0.32

14:28 11.13 0.21 2.00 0.21 26.1 6.7 91.4 14654 0.28

14:31 11.05 0.13 2.50 0.21 26.5 6.71 74.6 14685 0.29

14:35 11.05 0.13 3.00 0.21 26.4 6.71 71.3 14719 0.35

14:39 11.05 0.13 3.50 0.21 26.4 6.71 68.2 14732 0.3

± 0.2 ± 0.05 ± 10 mV ± 3% ± 10%

Purging should continue until a minimum of three stabilised measurements are achieved

Sampling Information

Start Time: 14:39 Sample No. MW309

End Time: 14:45 No. Sample Bottles: 2

SWL at completion of sampling (mbtoc): 11.05 QA/QC sample Taken? Y / N Sample ID: QC103_190508

QC203_190508

Time SWL (mbtoc)Drawdown

(m)

Volume Purged

(L)

Pump Rate

(L/min)Temp (oC) pH (units)

ORP

(mV)

SC

(µS/cm)

DO

(ppm)

14:39 11.05 0.13 3.50 0.21 26.4 6.71 68.2 14732 0.3

Sample Filtered: Yes / No Filter Size: 0.45µm / 0.1µm Weather Conditions: Sunny, warm.

Location of Purged Water: IBC storage area on base

Final SWL (mbtoc): 11.05

Purged by: Signature: Date:

Sampled by: Signature: Date:

Checked by: Signature: Date:

Please enter correct units for ORP, SC and

DO from WQM

Comments (colour, odour, turbidity etc)

15111. Yellow, low turbidity, low/clear odour, no visual

contamination.

Stabilised Parameters? Yes/No

14801. Yellow, medium turbidity, no odour, no visual

contamination.

14931. Yellow, medium turbidity (clearing), no odour, no visual

contamination.

14996. Yellow, medium turbidity (clearing), no odour, no visual

contamination.


contamination.


contamination.


contamination.

Bore Casing Diameter (m): Bore Volume (L):

Please enter correct units for ORP/Eh, EC

and DO from WQM

EC. Comments (colour, sheen, odour, turbidity etc)

19.57

15.00

Low flow

0.21

Top of Filter Pack (mbtoc): Drilling Diameter (m):

TF/CY N/A

WQM - Yes, Dip Meter - Yes

14:22 14:45

10.920 No

CH2M Groundwater Sampling Purge Sheet

Defence 690738 08-05-19

Amberley MW309

Results table.xlsx

MW307 & MW309

8 690738

Attachment 2 – Results Table

Table A - Groundwater Results (µg/L)

Per

flu

oro

oct

ane

sulf

on

ic a

cid

(PFO

S)

Per

flu

oro

oct

ano

ic a

cid

(P

FOA

)

Sum

of

PFH

xS a

nd

PFO

S

Per

flu

oro

bu

tan

e su

lfo

nic

aci

d

(PFB

S)

Per

flu

oro

pen

tan

e su

lfo

nic

aci

d

(PFP

eS)

Per

flu

oro

hex

ane

sulf

on

ic a

cid

(PFH

xS)

Per

flu

oro

hep

tan

e su

lfo

nic

aci

d

(PFH

pS)

Per

flu

oro

oct

ane

sulf

on

ic a

cid

(PFO

S)

Per

flu

oro

dec

ane

sulf

on

ic a

cid

(PFD

S)

µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L0.13 220 0.13

0.56 0.07

5.6 0.7

0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.02

Lab Report Number Project ID Field ID Date

EB1911948 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_MW307_190508 08-05-19 29.4 1.44 53 2.32 2.62 23.5 2.24 29.4 <0.02

EB1911948 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_MW309_190508 08-05-19 0.02 <0.02 0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 0.02 <0.02

EB1911948 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_QC103_190508 (Duplicate of MW309)08-05-19 0.02 <0.02 0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 0.02 <0.02

EB1911948 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_QC203_190508 (Triplicate of MW309)08-05-19 0.02 <0.02 0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 0.02 <0.02

EB1911948 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_QC302_190508 (Rinsate) 08-05-19 - - - <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.01 <0.02

Notes

EQL

2. The NEMP Drinking Water guidelines has been applied as a Tier 1 screening criteria to all groundwater and surface water samples. Discussions with property owners and information from

water use surveys has not identified the use of water from surface water courses (Bremer River, Warrill Creek and Purga Creek), off-property water storage dams, groundwater for the supply

of drinking water. The application of drinking water guidelines is not considered applicable to the IA for the protection of human health. The application of drinking water guidelines however

has been applied in the absence of a water quality guideline for stock watering.

1. The NEMP Freshwater (95%) guidelines has been applied as a Tier 1 screening criteria to all surface water and groundwater samples

3. The NEMP Recreational guidelines has been applied as a Tier 1 screening criteria to all surface water and groundwater samples. Recreational activities (primary and secondary contact)

have been identified as environmental values of the Bremer River, Warrill Creek, and Purga Creek. On-property surface water storage dams may be used for recreational activities.

Recreational water quality guidelines therefore apply to all surface water sources. Groundwater from the Base discharges to surface water and therefore has the potential to impact on

recreational values of surface water courses. Water use surveys have identified that groundwater has been used off-property for the filling of surface water storages (which have the potential

to be used for recreational purposes) and a swimming pool.

NEMP Freshwater 95% Protection (Note 1)

NEMP Drinking Water (Note 2)

NEMP Recreational Water (Note 3)

Perfluoroalkane Sulfonic Acids



EB1911948 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_MW307_190508 08-05-19

EB1911948 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_MW309_190508 08-05-19

EB1911948 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_QC103_190508 (Duplicate of MW309)08-05-19

EB1911948 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_QC203_190508 (Triplicate of MW309)08-05-19

EB1911948 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_QC302_190508 (Rinsate) 08-05-19

Notes

EQL














Per

flu

oro

bu

tan

oic

aci

d (

PFB

A)

Per

flu

oro

hex

ano

ic a

cid

(P

FHxA

)

Per

flu

oro

pen

tan

oic

aci

d

(PFP

eA)

Per

flu

oro

hep

tan

oic

aci

d

(PFH

pA

)

Per

flu

oro

oct

ano

ic a

cid

(P

FOA

)

Per

flu

oro

dec

ano

ic a

cid

(P

FDA

)

Per

flu

oro

do

dec

ano

ic a

cid

(PFD

oD

A)

Per

flu

oro

no

nan

oic

aci

d (

PFN

A)

Per

flu

oro

tetr

adec

ano

ic a

cid

(PFT

eDA

)

Per

flu

oro

trid

ecan

oic

aci

d

(PFT

rDA

)

Per

flu

oro

un

dec

ano

ic a

cid

(PFU

nD

A)

4:2

Flu

oro

telo

mer

su

lfo

nic

aci

d

(4:2

FTS

)

6:2

Flu

oro

telo

mer

su

lfo

nic

aci

d

(6:2

FTS

)

8:2

Flu

oro

telo

mer

su

lfo

nic

aci

d

(8:2

FTS

)

10

:2 F

luo

rote

lom

er s

ulf

on

ic

acid

(1

0:2

FTS

)

µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L220

0.56

5.6

0.1 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.05 0.02 0.02 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05

0.8 3.93 2.34 1.16 1.44 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.05 <0.02 <0.02 <0.05 0.24 <0.05 <0.05

<0.1 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.05 <0.02 <0.02 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05

<0.1 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.05 <0.02 <0.02 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05

<0.1 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.05 <0.02 <0.02 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05

<0.1 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.01 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.05 <0.02 <0.02 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05

Perfluoroalkane Carboxylic Acids (n:2) Fluorotelomer Sulfonic Acids



EB1911948 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_MW307_190508 08-05-19

EB1911948 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_MW309_190508 08-05-19




Notes

EQL














Per

flu

oro

oct

ane

sulf

on

amid

e

(FO

SA)

N-M

eth

yl p

erfl

uo

roo

ctan

e

sulf

on

amid

e (M

eFO

SA)

N-M

eth

yl p

erfl

uo

roo

ctan

e

sulf

on

amid

oac

etic

aci

d

(MeF

OSA

A)

N-m

eth

yl p

erfl

uo

roo

ctan

e

sulf

on

amid

oet

han

ol (

MeF

OSE

)

N-E

thyl

per

flu

oro

oct

ane

sulf

on

amid

e (E

tFO

SA)

N-E

thyl

per

flu

oro

oct

ane

sulf

on

amid

oac

etic

aci

d

(EtF

OSA

A)

N-E

thyl

per

flu

oro

oct

ane

sulf

on

amid

oet

han

ol (

EtFO

SE)

Sum

of

PFH

xS a

nd

PFO

S

Sum

of

PFA

S

Sum

of

PFA

S (W

A D

ER L

ist)

µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L

0.07

0.7

0.02 0.05 0.02 0.05 0.05 0.02 0.05 0.01 0.01 0.01

<0.02 <0.05 <0.02 <0.05 <0.05 <0.02 <0.05 53 70 65.1

<0.02 <0.05 <0.02 <0.05 <0.05 <0.02 <0.05 0.02 0.02 0.02

<0.02 <0.05 <0.02 <0.05 <0.05 <0.02 <0.05 0.02 0.02 0.02

<0.02 <0.05 <0.02 <0.05 <0.05 <0.02 <0.05 0.02 0.02 0.02

<0.02 <0.05 <0.02 <0.05 <0.05 <0.02 <0.05 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01

Perfluoroalkyl Sulfonamides PFAS



EB1911948 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_MW307_190508 08-05-19

EB1911948 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_MW309_190508 08-05-19




Notes

EQL














Car

bo

nat

e A

lkal

init

y (a

s C

aCO

3)

Alk

alin

ity

(Bic

arb

on

ate

as

CaC

O3

)

Alk

alin

ity

(Hyd

roxi

de)

as

CaC

O3

Alk

alin

ity

(to

tal)

as

CaC

O3

An

ion

s To

tal

Cat

ion

s To

tal

Cal

ciu

m (

filt

ered

)

Ch

lori

de

Ion

ic B

alan

ce

Mag

nes

ium

(fi

lter

ed)

Po

tass

ium

(fi

lter

ed)

Sod

ium

(fi

lter

ed)

Sulp

hat

e as

SO

4 -

Tu

rbid

imet

ric

(filt

ered

)

TDS

mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L meq/L meq/L mg/L mg/L % mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L

1 1 1 1 0.01 0.01 1 1 0.01 1 1 1 1 10

<1 4 <1 4 3.56 3.61 1 113 0.67 2 <1 78 14 315

<1 869 <1 869 98.7 99.3 140 2,830 0.29 270 1 1,610 72 5,640

- - - - - - - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Inorganics

Table B - Groundwater QAQC Results (µg/L)

Per

flu

oro

bu

tan

e su

lfo

nic

aci

d

(PFB

S)

Per

flu

oro

pen

tan

e su

lfo

nic

aci

d

(PFP

eS)

Per

flu

oro

hex

ane

sulf

on

ic a

cid

(PFH

xS)

Per

flu

oro

hep

tan

e su

lfo

nic

aci

d

(PFH

pS)

Per

flu

oro

oct

ane

sulf

on

ic a

cid

(PFO

S)

Per

flu

oro

dec

ane

sulf

on

ic a

cid

(PFD

S)

Per

flu

oro

bu

tan

oic

aci

d (

PFB

A)

Per

flu

oro

hex

ano

ic a

cid

(PFH

xA)

Per

flu

oro

pen

tan

oic

aci

d

(PFP

eA)

µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L

0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.02


EB1911948 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_MW309_190508 08-05-19 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 0.02 <0.02 <0.1 <0.02 <0.02

EB1911948 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_QC103_190508 08-05-19 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 0.02 <0.02 <0.1 <0.02 <0.02

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

EB1911948 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_MW309_190508 08-05-19 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 0.02 <0.02 <0.1 <0.02 <0.02

217612 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_QC203_190508 09-05-19 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.01 <0.02

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

EQL

RPD

RPD

Perfluoroalkane Sulfonic Acids Perfluoroalkane Carboxylic Acids



EB1911948 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_MW309_190508 08-05-19

EB1911948 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_QC103_190508 08-05-19

EB1911948 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_MW309_190508 08-05-19

217612 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_QC203_190508 09-05-19

EQL

RPD

RPD

Per

flu

oro

hep

tan

oic

aci

d

(PFH

pA

)

Per

flu

oro

oct

ano

ic a

cid

(P

FOA

)

Per

flu

oro

dec

ano

ic a

cid

(P

FDA

)

Per

flu

oro

do

dec

ano

ic a

cid

(PFD

oD

A)

Per

flu

oro

no

nan

oic

aci

d (

PFN

A)

Per

flu

oro

tetr

adec

ano

ic a

cid

(PFT

eD

A)

Per

flu

oro

trid

ecan

oic

aci

d

(PFT

rDA

)

Per

flu

oro

un

dec

ano

ic a

cid

(PFU

nD

A)

4:2

Flu

oro

telo

mer

su

lfo

nic

aci

d

(4:2

FTS

)

6:2

Flu

oro

telo

mer

su

lfo

nic

aci

d

(6:2

FTS

)

8:2

Flu

oro

telo

mer

su

lfo

nic

aci

d

(8:2

FTS

)

10

:2 F

luo

rote

lom

er s

ulf

on

ic

acid

(1

0:2

FTS

)

Per

flu

oro

oct

ane

sulf

on

amid

e

(FO

SA)

N-M

eth

yl p

erfl

uo

roo

cta

ne

sulf

on

amid

e (M

eFO

SA)

N-M

eth

yl p

erfl

uo

roo

cta

ne

sulf

on

amid

oac

etic

aci

d

(MeF

OSA

A)

µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L

0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.05 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.02

<0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.05 <0.02 <0.02 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.02 <0.05 <0.02

<0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.05 <0.02 <0.02 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.02 <0.05 <0.02

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

<0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.05 <0.02 <0.02 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.02 <0.05 <0.02

<0.01 <0.01 <0.02 <0.05 <0.01 <0.5 <0.1 <0.02 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.1 <0.05 <0.02

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Perfluoroalkane Carboxylic Acids (n:2) Fluorotelomer Sulfonic Acids Perfluoroalkyl Sulfonamides



EB1911948 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_MW309_190508 08-05-19

EB1911948 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_QC103_190508 08-05-19

EB1911948 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_MW309_190508 08-05-19

217612 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_QC203_190508 09-05-19

EQL

RPD

RPD

N-m

eth

yl p

erfl

uo

roo

cta

ne

sulf

on

amid

oet

han

ol (

Me

FOSE

)

N-E

thyl

per

flu

oro

oct

ane

sulf

on

amid

e (E

tFO

SA)

N-E

thyl

per

flu

oro

oct

ane

sulf

on

amid

oac

etic

aci

d

(EtF

OSA

A)

N-E

thyl

per

flu

oro

oct

ane

sulf

on

amid

oet

han

ol (

EtFO

SE)

Sum

of

PFH

xS a

nd

PFO

S

Sum

of

PFA

S

Sum

of

PFA

S (W

A D

ER L

ist)

Sum

of

PFA

S (P

FOS

+ P

FOA

)

µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L

0.05 0.05 0.02 0.05 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01

<0.05 <0.05 <0.02 <0.05 0.02 0.02 0.02

<0.05 <0.05 <0.02 <0.05 0.02 0.02 0.02

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

<0.05 <0.05 <0.02 <0.05 0.02 0.02 0.02

<0.05 <0.1 <0.02 <0.5 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02

0 0 0 0 0 0 0



Per

flu

oro

oct

ane

sulf

on

ic a

cid

(PFO

S)

Per

flu

oro

oct

ano

ic a

cid

(P

FOA

)

Sum

of

PFH

xS a

nd

PFO

S

Per

flu

oro

bu

tan

e su

lfo

nic

aci

d

(PFB

S)

Per

flu

oro

pen

tan

e su

lfo

nic

aci

d

(PFP

eS)

Per

flu

oro

hex

ane

sulf

on

ic a

cid

(PFH

xS)

Per

flu

oro

hep

tan

e su

lfo

nic

aci

d

(PFH

pS)

Per

flu

oro

oct

ane

sulf

on

ic a

cid

(PFO

S)

Per

flu

oro

dec

ane

sulf

on

ic a

cid

(PFD

S)

µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L0.13 220 0.13

0.56 0.07

5.6 0.7

0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.02


EB1911948 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_MW307_190508 08-05-19 29.4 1.44 53 2.32 2.62 23.5 2.24 29.4 <0.02

EB1911948 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_MW309_190508 08-05-19 0.02 <0.02 0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 0.02 <0.02

EB1911948 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_QC103_190508 (Duplicate of MW309)08-05-19 0.02 <0.02 0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 0.02 <0.02

217612 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_QC203_190508 (Triplicate of MW309)08-05-19 0.02 <0.02 0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 0.02 <0.02

EB1911948 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_QC302_190508 (Rinsate) 08-05-19 - - - <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.01 <0.02

Notes

EQL



of drinking water. The application of drinking water guidelines is not considered applicable to the IA for the protection of human health. The application of drinking water guidelines however has

been applied in the absence of a water quality guideline for stock watering.










Perfluoroalkane Sulfonic Acids



EB1911948 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_MW307_190508 08-05-19

EB1911948 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_MW309_190508 08-05-19


217612 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_QC203_190508 (Triplicate of MW309)08-05-19


Notes

EQL














Per

flu

oro

bu

tan

oic

aci

d (

PFB

A)

Per

flu

oro

hex

ano

ic a

cid

(P

FHxA

)

Per

flu

oro

pen

tan

oic

aci

d (

PFP

eA)

Per

flu

oro

hep

tan

oic

aci

d (

PFH

pA

)

Per

flu

oro

oct

ano

ic a

cid

(P

FOA

)

Per

flu

oro

dec

ano

ic a

cid

(P

FDA

)

Per

flu

oro

do

dec

ano

ic a

cid

(PFD

oD

A)

Per

flu

oro

no

nan

oic

aci

d (

PFN

A)

Per

flu

oro

tetr

adec

ano

ic a

cid

(PFT

eDA

)

Per

flu

oro

trid

ecan

oic

aci

d

(PFT

rDA

)

Per

flu

oro

un

dec

ano

ic a

cid

(PFU

nD

A)

4:2

Flu

oro

telo

mer

su

lfo

nic

aci

d

(4:2

FTS

)

6:2

Flu

oro

telo

mer

su

lfo

nic

aci

d

(6:2

FTS

)

8:2

Flu

oro

telo

mer

su

lfo

nic

aci

d

(8:2

FTS

)

10

:2 F

luo

rote

lom

er s

ulf

on

ic a

cid

(10

:2 F

TS)

µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L220

0.56

5.6

0.1 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.05 0.02 0.02 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05

0.8 3.93 2.34 1.16 1.44 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.05 <0.02 <0.02 <0.05 0.24 <0.05 <0.05

<0.1 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.05 <0.02 <0.02 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05

<0.1 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.05 <0.02 <0.02 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05

<0.1 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.05 <0.02 <0.02 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05

<0.1 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.01 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.05 <0.02 <0.02 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05

Perfluoroalkane Carboxylic Acids (n:2) Fluorotelomer Sulfonic Acids



EB1911948 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_MW307_190508 08-05-19

EB1911948 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_MW309_190508 08-05-19




Notes

EQL














Per

flu

oro

oct

ane

sulf

on

amid

e

(FO

SA)

N-M

eth

yl p

erfl

uo

roo

ctan

e

sulf

on

amid

e (M

eFO

SA)

N-M

eth

yl p

erfl

uo

roo

ctan

e

sulf

on

amid

oac

etic

aci

d

(MeF

OSA

A)

N-m

eth

yl p

erfl

uo

roo

ctan

e

sulf

on

amid

oet

han

ol (

MeF

OSE

)

N-E

thyl

per

flu

oro

oct

ane

sulf

on

amid

e (E

tFO

SA)

N-E

thyl

per

flu

oro

oct

ane

sulf

on

amid

oac

etic

aci

d

(EtF

OSA

A)

N-E

thyl

per

flu

oro

oct

ane

sulf

on

amid

oet

han

ol (

EtFO

SE)

Sum

of

PFH

xS a

nd

PFO

S

Sum

of

PFA

S

Sum

of

PFA

S (W

A D

ER L

ist)

µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L

0.07

0.7

0.02 0.05 0.02 0.05 0.05 0.02 0.05 0.01 0.01 0.01

<0.02 <0.05 <0.02 <0.05 <0.05 <0.02 <0.05 53 70 65.1

<0.02 <0.05 <0.02 <0.05 <0.05 <0.02 <0.05 0.02 0.02 0.02

<0.02 <0.05 <0.02 <0.05 <0.05 <0.02 <0.05 0.02 0.02 0.02

<0.02 <0.05 <0.02 <0.05 <0.05 <0.02 <0.05 0.02 0.02 0.02

<0.02 <0.05 <0.02 <0.05 <0.05 <0.02 <0.05 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01




EB1911948 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_MW307_190508 08-05-19

EB1911948 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_MW309_190508 08-05-19




Notes

EQL














Car

bo

nat

e A

lkal

init

y (a

s C

aCO

3)

Alk

alin

ity

(Bic

arb

on

ate

as

CaC

O3

)

Alk

alin

ity

(Hyd

roxi

de)

as

CaC

O3

Alk

alin

ity

(to

tal)

as

CaC

O3

An

ion

s To

tal

Cat

ion

s To

tal

Cal

ciu

m (

filt

ered

)

Ch

lori

de

Ion

ic B

alan

ce

Mag

nes

ium

(fi

lter

ed)

Po

tass

ium

(fi

lter

ed)

Sod

ium

(fi

lter

ed)

Sulp

hat

e as

SO

4 -

Tu

rbid

imet

ric

(filt

ered

)

TDS

mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L meq/L meq/L mg/L mg/L % mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L

1 1 1 1 0.01 0.01 1 1 0.01 1 1 1 1 10

<1 4 <1 4 3.56 3.61 1 113 0.67 2 <1 78 14 315

<1 869 <1 869 98.7 99.3 140 2,830 0.29 270 1 1,610 72 5,640

- - - - - - - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Inorganics


Per

flu

oro

bu

tan

e su

lfo

nic

aci

d

(PFB

S)

Per

flu

oro

pen

tan

e su

lfo

nic

aci

d

(PFP

eS)

Per

flu

oro

hex

ane

sulf

on

ic a

cid

(PFH

xS)

Per

flu

oro

hep

tan

e su

lfo

nic

aci

d

(PFH

pS)

Per

flu

oro

oct

ane

sulf

on

ic a

cid

(PFO

S)

Per

flu

oro

dec

ane

sulf

on

ic a

cid

(PFD

S)

Per

flu

oro

bu

tan

oic

aci

d (

PFB

A)

Per

flu

oro

hex

ano

ic a

cid

(P

FHxA

)

Per

flu

oro

pen

tan

oic

aci

d (

PFP

eA

)

µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L

0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.02


EB1911948 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_MW309_190508 08-05-19 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 0.02 <0.02 <0.1 <0.02 <0.02

EB1911948 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_QC103_190508 08-05-19 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 0.02 <0.02 <0.1 <0.02 <0.02

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

EB1911948 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_MW309_190508 08-05-19 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 0.02 <0.02 <0.1 <0.02 <0.02

217612 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_QC203_190508 09-05-19 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.01 <0.02

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

EQL

RPD

RPD

Perfluoroalkane Sulfonic Acids Perfluoroalkane Carboxylic Acids



EB1911948 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_MW309_190508 08-05-19

EB1911948 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_QC103_190508 08-05-19

EB1911948 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_MW309_190508 08-05-19

217612 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_QC203_190508 09-05-19

EQL

RPD

RPD

Per

flu

oro

hep

tan

oic

aci

d

(PFH

pA

)

Per

flu

oro

oct

ano

ic a

cid

(P

FOA

)

Per

flu

oro

dec

ano

ic a

cid

(P

FDA

)

Per

flu

oro

do

dec

ano

ic a

cid

(PFD

oD

A)

Per

flu

oro

no

nan

oic

aci

d (

PFN

A)

Per

flu

oro

tetr

adec

ano

ic a

cid

(PFT

eD

A)

Per

flu

oro

trid

ecan

oic

aci

d

(PFT

rDA

)

Per

flu

oro

un

dec

ano

ic a

cid

(PFU

nD

A)

4:2

Flu

oro

telo

mer

su

lfo

nic

aci

d

(4:2

FTS

)

6:2

Flu

oro

telo

mer

su

lfo

nic

aci

d

(6:2

FTS

)

8:2

Flu

oro

telo

mer

su

lfo

nic

aci

d

(8:2

FTS

)

10

:2 F

luo

rote

lom

er s

ulf

on

ic a

cid

(10

:2 F

TS)

Per

flu

oro

oct

ane

sulf

on

amid

e

(FO

SA)

N-M

eth

yl p

erfl

uo

roo

cta

ne

sulf

on

amid

e (M

eFO

SA)

N-M

eth

yl p

erfl

uo

roo

cta

ne

sulf

on

amid

oac

etic

aci

d

(MeF

OSA

A)

µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L

0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.05 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.02

<0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.05 <0.02 <0.02 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.02 <0.05 <0.02

<0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.05 <0.02 <0.02 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.02 <0.05 <0.02

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

<0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.05 <0.02 <0.02 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.02 <0.05 <0.02

<0.01 <0.01 <0.02 <0.05 <0.01 <0.5 <0.1 <0.02 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.1 <0.05 <0.02

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Perfluoroalkane Carboxylic Acids (n:2) Fluorotelomer Sulfonic Acids Perfluoroalkyl Sulfonamides



EB1911948 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_MW309_190508 08-05-19

EB1911948 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_QC103_190508 08-05-19

EB1911948 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_MW309_190508 08-05-19

217612 QLD_0861_PFAS 0861_QC203_190508 09-05-19

EQL

RPD

RPD

N-m

eth

yl p

erfl

uo

roo

cta

ne

sulf

on

amid

oet

han

ol (

Me

FOSE

)

N-E

thyl

per

flu

oro

oct

ane

sulf

on

amid

e (E

tFO

SA)

N-E

thyl

per

flu

oro

oct

ane

sulf

on

amid

oac

etic

aci

d

(EtF

OSA

A)

N-E

thyl

per

flu

oro

oct

ane

sulf

on

amid

oet

han

ol (

EtFO

SE)

Sum

of

PFH

xS a

nd

PFO

S

Sum

of

PFA

S

Sum

of

PFA

S (W

A D

ER L

ist)

Sum

of

PFA

S (P

FOS

+ P

FOA

)

µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L

0.05 0.05 0.02 0.05 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01

<0.05 <0.05 <0.02 <0.05 0.02 0.02 0.02

<0.05 <0.05 <0.02 <0.05 0.02 0.02 0.02

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

<0.05 <0.05 <0.02 <0.05 0.02 0.02 0.02

<0.05 <0.1 <0.02 <0.5 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02

0 0 0 0 0 0 0


MW307 & MW309

3 690738

Attachment 3 ‐ Laboratory Reports

0 0.00 True

Environmental

CERTIFICATE OF ANALYSISWork Order : Page : 1 of 20EB1911948

:: LaboratoryClient JACOBS GROUP (AUSTRALIA) PTY LTD Environmental Division Brisbane

: :ContactContact EMMA HALE Brenda Hong

:: AddressAddress 177 Pacific Highway

North Sydney 2060

2 Byth Street Stafford QLD Australia 4053

:Telephone ---- :Telephone +61 2 8784 8555

:Project 0861_QLD_PFAS Date Samples Received : 10-May-2019 14:00

:Order number 0861_QLD_PFAS Date Analysis Commenced : 14-May-2019

:C-O-C number ---- Issue Date : 20-May-2019 17:53

Sampler : TOM FRANK / CAMPBELL YOUNG / MONIQUE FARMER

Site : ----

Quote number : EN/222

30:No. of samples received

30:No. of samples analysed

This report supersedes any previous report(s) with this reference. Results apply to the sample(s) as submitted. This document shall not be reproduced, except in full.

This Certificate of Analysis contains the following information:

l General Comments

l Analytical Results

l Surrogate Control Limits

Additional information pertinent to this report will be found in the following separate attachments: Quality Control Report, QA/QC Compliance Assessment to assist with

Quality Review and Sample Receipt Notification.

SignatoriesThis document has been electronically signed by the authorized signatories below. Electronic signing is carried out in compliance with procedures specified in 21 CFR Part 11.

Signatories Accreditation CategoryPosition

Kim McCabe Senior Inorganic Chemist Brisbane Inorganics, Stafford, QLD

Matt Frost Senior Organic Chemist Brisbane Organics, Stafford, QLD

Santusha Pandra Organic Chemist Brisbane Organics, Stafford, QLD

Tom Maloney Senior Inorganic Chemist Brisbane Inorganics, Stafford, QLD

R I G H T S O L U T I O N S | R I G H T P A R T N E R

2 of 20:Page

Work Order :

:Client

EB1911948

0861_QLD_PFAS:Project

JACOBS GROUP (AUSTRALIA) PTY LTD

General Comments

The analytical procedures used by the Environmental Division have been developed from established internationally recognized procedures such as those published by the USEPA, APHA, AS and NEPM. In house

developed procedures are employed in the absence of documented standards or by client request.

Where moisture determination has been performed, results are reported on a dry weight basis.

Where a reported less than (<) result is higher than the LOR, this may be due to primary sample extract/digestate dilution and/or insufficient sample for analysis.

Where the LOR of a reported result differs from standard LOR, this may be due to high moisture content, insufficient sample (reduced weight employed) or matrix interference.

When sampling time information is not provided by the client, sampling dates are shown without a time component. In these instances, the time component has been assumed by the laboratory for processing

purposes.

Where a result is required to meet compliance limits the associated uncertainty must be considered. Refer to the ALS Contact for details.

CAS Number = CAS registry number from database maintained by Chemical Abstracts Services. The Chemical Abstracts Service is a division of the American Chemical Society.

LOR = Limit of reporting

^ = This result is computed from individual analyte detections at or above the level of reporting

ø = ALS is not NATA accredited for these tests.

~ = Indicates an estimated value.

Key :

EP231X: Sample '0861_QC103_190510' required dilution prior to extraction due to matrix interferences (high conductivity). LOR values have been adjusted accordingly.l

EP231X: Particular samples required dilution prior to extraction due to matrix interferences. LOR values have been adjusted accordingly.l

EP231X: Matrix spike shows results out of control limit due to primary sample matrix interference.l

Sodium Adsorption Ratio (where reported): Where results for Na, Ca or Mg are <LOR, a concentration at half the reported LOR is incorporated into the SAR calculation. This represents a conservative approach

for Na relative to the assumption that <LOR = zero concentration and a conservative approach for Ca & Mg relative to the assumption that <LOR is equivalent to the LOR concentration.

l

3 of 20:Page

Work Order :

:Client

EB1911948



Analytical Results

0861_MW28_1905070861_MW29_1905070861_MW26_1905070861_MW5_1905070861_MW46_190506Client sample IDSub-Matrix: WATER

(Matrix: WATER)

07-May-2019 00:0007-May-2019 00:0007-May-2019 00:0007-May-2019 00:0006-May-2019 00:00Client sampling date / time

EB1911948-005EB1911948-004EB1911948-003EB1911948-002EB1911948-001UnitLORCAS NumberCompound

Result Result Result Result Result

EA015: Total Dissolved Solids dried at 180 ± 5 °C

1830 1470 18400 3030 5790mg/L10----Total Dissolved Solids @180°C

ED037P: Alkalinity by PC Titrator

<1Hydroxide Alkalinity as CaCO3 <1 <1 <1 <1mg/L1DMO-210-001

<1Carbonate Alkalinity as CaCO3 <1 <1 <1 <1mg/L13812-32-6

948Bicarbonate Alkalinity as CaCO3 638 846 859 646mg/L171-52-3

948 638 846 859 646mg/L1----Total Alkalinity as CaCO3

ED041G: Sulfate (Turbidimetric) as SO4 2- by DA

62Sulfate as SO4 - Turbidimetric 22 558 40 94mg/L114808-79-8

ED045G: Chloride by Discrete Analyser

473Chloride 570 9110 1380 2760mg/L116887-00-6

ED093F: Dissolved Major Cations

29Calcium 104 410 159 200mg/L17440-70-2

48Magnesium 87 885 140 231mg/L17439-95-4

749Sodium 376 4960 950 1490mg/L17440-23-5

<1Potassium 2 18 2 2mg/L17440-09-7

EN055: Ionic Balance

33.6 29.3 286 56.9 92.7meq/L0.01----Total Anions

38.0 28.8 310 60.8 93.8meq/L0.01----Total Cations

6.15 0.91 4.03 3.32 0.61%0.01----Ionic Balance

EP231A: Perfluoroalkyl Sulfonic Acids

16.7Perfluorobutane sulfonic acid

(PFBS)

<0.02 <0.10 0.38 1.90µg/L0.02375-73-5

17.2Perfluoropentane sulfonic acid

(PFPeS)

<0.02 <0.10 0.37 1.85µg/L0.022706-91-4

129Perfluorohexane sulfonic acid

(PFHxS)

0.06 <0.10 2.67 13.6µg/L0.02355-46-4

9.86Perfluoroheptane sulfonic acid

(PFHpS)

<0.02 <0.10 0.18 1.26µg/L0.02375-92-8

288Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid

(PFOS)

0.35 <0.10 3.12 17.1µg/L0.011763-23-1

<0.20Perfluorodecane sulfonic acid

(PFDS)

<0.02 <0.10 <0.02 <0.02µg/L0.02335-77-3

EP231B: Perfluoroalkyl Carboxylic Acids

15.7Perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) <0.1 <0.5 <0.1 <0.1µg/L0.1375-22-4

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Analytical Results


(Matrix: WATER)




EP231B: Perfluoroalkyl Carboxylic Acids - Continued

29.2Perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA) <0.02 <0.10 0.08 0.46µg/L0.022706-90-3

69.5Perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) 0.03 <0.10 0.44 2.54µg/L0.02307-24-4

13.9Perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA) <0.02 <0.10 0.07 0.47µg/L0.02375-85-9

31.5Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) 0.02 <0.10 0.14 0.87µg/L0.01335-67-1

0.74Perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) <0.02 <0.10 <0.02 <0.02µg/L0.02375-95-1

<0.20Perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) <0.02 <0.10 <0.02 <0.02µg/L0.02335-76-2

<0.20Perfluoroundecanoic acid

(PFUnDA)

<0.02 <0.10 <0.02 <0.02µg/L0.022058-94-8

<0.20Perfluorododecanoic acid

(PFDoDA)

<0.02 <0.10 <0.02 <0.02µg/L0.02307-55-1

<0.20Perfluorotridecanoic acid

(PFTrDA)

<0.02 <0.10 <0.02 <0.02µg/L0.0272629-94-8

<0.50Perfluorotetradecanoic acid

(PFTeDA)

<0.05 <0.25 <0.05 <0.05µg/L0.05376-06-7

EP231C: Perfluoroalkyl Sulfonamides

<0.20Perfluorooctane sulfonamide

(FOSA)

<0.02 <0.10 <0.02 <0.02µg/L0.02754-91-6

<0.50N-Methyl perfluorooctane

sulfonamide (MeFOSA)

<0.05 <0.25 <0.05 <0.05µg/L0.0531506-32-8

<0.50N-Ethyl perfluorooctane

sulfonamide (EtFOSA)

<0.05 <0.25 <0.05 <0.05µg/L0.054151-50-2


sulfonamidoethanol (MeFOSE)

<0.05 <0.25 <0.05 <0.05µg/L0.0524448-09-7


sulfonamidoethanol (EtFOSE)

<0.05 <0.25 <0.05 <0.05µg/L0.051691-99-2


sulfonamidoacetic acid

(MeFOSAA)

<0.02 <0.10 <0.02 <0.02µg/L0.022355-31-9



(EtFOSAA)

<0.02 <0.10 <0.02 <0.02µg/L0.022991-50-6

EP231D: (n:2) Fluorotelomer Sulfonic Acids

<0.204:2 Fluorotelomer sulfonic acid

(4:2 FTS)

<0.05 <0.10 <0.05 <0.05µg/L0.05757124-72-4

38.86:2 Fluorotelomer sulfonic acid

(6:2 FTS)

0.06 0.20 <0.05 <0.05µg/L0.0527619-97-2

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Analytical Results


(Matrix: WATER)




EP231D: (n:2) Fluorotelomer Sulfonic Acids - Continued


(8:2 FTS)

<0.05 <0.10 <0.05 <0.05µg/L0.0539108-34-4


(10:2 FTS)

<0.05 <0.10 <0.05 <0.05µg/L0.05120226-60-0

EP231P: PFAS Sums

663 0.52 0.20 7.45 40.0µg/L0.01----Sum of PFAS

417Sum of PFHxS and PFOS 0.41 <0.10 5.79 30.7µg/L0.01355-46-4/1763-23-

1

635 0.52 0.20 6.90 36.9µg/L0.01----Sum of PFAS (WA DER List)

EP231S: PFAS Surrogate

100 97.8 98.1 101 98.3%0.02----13C4-PFOS

94.3 105 105 106 105%0.02----13C8-PFOA

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Analytical Results


(Matrix: WATER)












10Sulfate as SO4 - Turbidimetric 21 22 79 36mg/L114808-79-8


485Chloride 779 77 1610 4970mg/L116887-00-6


79Calcium 185 39 211 265mg/L17440-70-2

94Magnesium 121 44 311 771mg/L17439-95-4

284Sodium 370 105 908 1690mg/L17440-23-5

<1Potassium <1 4 <1 7mg/L17440-09-7


23.4 34.4 9.50 63.8 157meq/L0.01----Total Anions

24.0 35.3 10.2 75.6 150meq/L0.01----Total Cations

1.29 1.30 3.72 8.51 2.12%0.01----Ionic Balance


<0.02Perfluorobutane sulfonic acid

(PFBS)

<0.02 0.66 2.74 <0.05µg/L0.02375-73-5

<0.02Perfluoropentane sulfonic acid

(PFPeS)

<0.02 1.06 2.09 <0.05µg/L0.022706-91-4

0.03Perfluorohexane sulfonic acid

(PFHxS)

<0.02 12.1 6.50 <0.05µg/L0.02355-46-4

<0.02Perfluoroheptane sulfonic acid

(PFHpS)

<0.02 0.55 <0.02 <0.05µg/L0.02375-92-8

0.02Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid

(PFOS)

<0.01 45.0 0.04 <0.05µg/L0.011763-23-1


(PFDS)

<0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.05µg/L0.02335-77-3


<0.1Perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.2µg/L0.1375-22-4

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Analytical Results


(Matrix: WATER)





<0.02Perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA) <0.02 0.33 0.28 <0.05µg/L0.022706-90-3

<0.02Perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) <0.02 1.72 1.76 <0.05µg/L0.02307-24-4

<0.02Perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA) <0.02 0.40 0.18 <0.05µg/L0.02375-85-9

<0.01Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) <0.01 1.44 0.04 <0.05µg/L0.01335-67-1

<0.02Perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) <0.02 0.03 <0.02 <0.05µg/L0.02375-95-1



(PFUnDA)

<0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.05µg/L0.022058-94-8


(PFDoDA)

<0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.05µg/L0.02307-55-1


(PFTrDA)

<0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.05µg/L0.0272629-94-8


(PFTeDA)

<0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.12µg/L0.05376-06-7



(FOSA)

<0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.05µg/L0.02754-91-6



<0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.12µg/L0.0531506-32-8



<0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.12µg/L0.054151-50-2



<0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.12µg/L0.0524448-09-7



<0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.12µg/L0.051691-99-2



(MeFOSAA)

<0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.05µg/L0.022355-31-9



(EtFOSAA)

<0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.05µg/L0.022991-50-6



(4:2 FTS)

<0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05µg/L0.05757124-72-4


(6:2 FTS)

<0.05 0.07 <0.05 <0.05µg/L0.0527619-97-2

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Analytical Results


(Matrix: WATER)






(8:2 FTS)

<0.05 0.05 <0.05 <0.05µg/L0.0539108-34-4


(10:2 FTS)

<0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05µg/L0.05120226-60-0

EP231P: PFAS Sums

0.05 <0.01 63.4 13.6 <0.05µg/L0.01----Sum of PFAS

0.05Sum of PFHxS and PFOS <0.01 75.3 6.54 <0.05µg/L0.01355-46-4/1763-23-

1

0.05 <0.01 61.8 11.5 <0.05µg/L0.01----Sum of PFAS (WA DER List)


95.2 94.5 98.5 103 97.0%0.02----13C4-PFOS

107 108 108 105 108%0.02----13C8-PFOA

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Analytical Results

0861_MW56D_1905090861_MW56S_1905090861_MW41_1905080861_MW309_1905080861_MW307_190508Client sample IDSub-Matrix: WATER

(Matrix: WATER)












14Sulfate as SO4 - Turbidimetric 72 298 105 <1mg/L114808-79-8


113Chloride 2830 6590 2870 1720mg/L116887-00-6


1Calcium 140 340 412 281mg/L17440-70-2

2Magnesium 270 670 259 197mg/L17439-95-4

78Sodium 1610 3610 1470 860mg/L17440-23-5

<1Potassium 1 25 2 9mg/L17440-09-7


3.56 98.7 210 97.9 58.6meq/L0.01----Total Anions

3.61 99.3 230 106 67.9meq/L0.01----Total Cations

0.67 0.29 4.50 3.92 7.36%0.01----Ionic Balance


2.32Perfluorobutane sulfonic acid

(PFBS)

<0.02 0.14 <0.02 <0.02µg/L0.02375-73-5

2.62Perfluoropentane sulfonic acid

(PFPeS)

<0.02 <0.10 <0.02 <0.02µg/L0.022706-91-4


(PFHxS)

<0.02 <0.10 <0.02 <0.02µg/L0.02355-46-4

2.24Perfluoroheptane sulfonic acid

(PFHpS)

<0.02 <0.10 <0.02 <0.02µg/L0.02375-92-8


(PFOS)

0.02 <0.10 <0.02 <0.01µg/L0.011763-23-1


(PFDS)

<0.02 <0.10 <0.02 <0.02µg/L0.02335-77-3


0.8Perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) <0.1 <0.5 <0.1 <0.1µg/L0.1375-22-4

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Analytical Results


(Matrix: WATER)





2.34Perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA) <0.02 <0.10 <0.02 <0.02µg/L0.022706-90-3

3.93Perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) <0.02 <0.10 <0.02 <0.02µg/L0.02307-24-4

1.16Perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA) <0.02 <0.10 <0.02 <0.02µg/L0.02375-85-9

1.44Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) <0.02 <0.10 <0.02 <0.01µg/L0.01335-67-1

<0.02Perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) <0.02 <0.10 <0.02 <0.02µg/L0.02375-95-1



(PFUnDA)

<0.02 <0.10 <0.02 <0.02µg/L0.022058-94-8


(PFDoDA)

<0.02 <0.10 <0.02 <0.02µg/L0.02307-55-1


(PFTrDA)

<0.02 <0.10 <0.02 <0.02µg/L0.0272629-94-8


(PFTeDA)

<0.05 <0.25 <0.05 <0.05µg/L0.05376-06-7



(FOSA)

<0.02 <0.10 <0.02 <0.02µg/L0.02754-91-6



<0.05 <0.25 <0.05 <0.05µg/L0.0531506-32-8



<0.05 <0.25 <0.05 <0.05µg/L0.054151-50-2



<0.05 <0.25 <0.05 <0.05µg/L0.0524448-09-7



<0.05 <0.25 <0.05 <0.05µg/L0.051691-99-2



(MeFOSAA)

<0.02 <0.10 <0.02 <0.02µg/L0.022355-31-9



(EtFOSAA)

<0.02 <0.10 <0.02 <0.02µg/L0.022991-50-6



(4:2 FTS)

<0.05 <0.10 <0.05 <0.05µg/L0.05757124-72-4


(6:2 FTS)

<0.05 <0.10 <0.05 <0.05µg/L0.0527619-97-2

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Analytical Results


(Matrix: WATER)






(8:2 FTS)

<0.05 <0.10 <0.05 <0.05µg/L0.0539108-34-4


(10:2 FTS)

<0.05 <0.10 <0.05 <0.05µg/L0.05120226-60-0

EP231P: PFAS Sums

70.0 0.02 0.14 <0.02 <0.01µg/L0.01----Sum of PFAS

53.0Sum of PFHxS and PFOS 0.02 <0.10 <0.02 <0.01µg/L0.01355-46-4/1763-23-

1

65.1 0.02 0.14 <0.02 <0.01µg/L0.01----Sum of PFAS (WA DER List)


97.1 95.4 93.4 94.9 95.1%0.02----13C4-PFOS

105 106 105 107 107%0.02----13C8-PFOA

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Analytical Results

0861_MW31_1905100861_MW30_1905100861_MW34_1905100861_MW54D_1905090861_MW54S_190509Client sample IDSub-Matrix: WATER

(Matrix: WATER)












14Sulfate as SO4 - Turbidimetric <1 11 388 136mg/L114808-79-8


692Chloride 130 411 7670 5020mg/L116887-00-6


225Calcium 67 75 361 258mg/L17440-70-2

112Magnesium 42 62 633 357mg/L17439-95-4

217Sodium 133 322 4690 3320mg/L17440-23-5

<1Potassium 4 <1 21 23mg/L17440-09-7


30.2 12.3 21.6 242 163meq/L0.01----Total Anions

29.9 12.7 22.8 275 187meq/L0.01----Total Cations

0.53 1.64 2.69 6.38 6.88%0.01----Ionic Balance



(PFBS)

<0.02 <0.02 1.14 <0.05µg/L0.02375-73-5


(PFPeS)

<0.02 <0.02 0.83 <0.05µg/L0.022706-91-4

<0.02Perfluorohexane sulfonic acid

(PFHxS)

<0.02 <0.02 2.59 <0.05µg/L0.02355-46-4


(PFHpS)

<0.02 <0.02 <0.10 <0.05µg/L0.02375-92-8


(PFOS)

<0.01 0.01 <0.10 <0.05µg/L0.011763-23-1


(PFDS)

<0.02 <0.02 <0.10 <0.05µg/L0.02335-77-3



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Analytical Results


(Matrix: WATER)





<0.02Perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA) <0.02 <0.02 0.36 <0.05µg/L0.022706-90-3

<0.02Perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) <0.02 <0.02 2.52 <0.05µg/L0.02307-24-4

<0.02Perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA) <0.02 <0.02 0.40 <0.05µg/L0.02375-85-9

<0.01Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) <0.01 <0.01 0.27 <0.05µg/L0.01335-67-1




(PFUnDA)

<0.02 <0.02 <0.10 <0.05µg/L0.022058-94-8


(PFDoDA)

<0.02 <0.02 <0.10 <0.05µg/L0.02307-55-1


(PFTrDA)

<0.02 <0.02 <0.10 <0.05µg/L0.0272629-94-8


(PFTeDA)

<0.05 <0.05 <0.25 <0.12µg/L0.05376-06-7



(FOSA)

<0.02 <0.02 <0.10 <0.05µg/L0.02754-91-6



<0.05 <0.05 <0.25 <0.12µg/L0.0531506-32-8



<0.05 <0.05 <0.25 <0.12µg/L0.054151-50-2



<0.05 <0.05 <0.25 <0.12µg/L0.0524448-09-7



<0.05 <0.05 <0.25 <0.12µg/L0.051691-99-2



(MeFOSAA)

<0.02 <0.02 <0.10 <0.05µg/L0.022355-31-9



(EtFOSAA)

<0.02 <0.02 <0.10 <0.05µg/L0.022991-50-6



(4:2 FTS)

<0.05 <0.05 <0.10 <0.05µg/L0.05757124-72-4


(6:2 FTS)

<0.05 <0.05 <0.10 0.15µg/L0.0527619-97-2

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Analytical Results


(Matrix: WATER)






(8:2 FTS)

<0.05 <0.05 <0.10 <0.05µg/L0.0539108-34-4


(10:2 FTS)

<0.05 <0.05 <0.10 <0.05µg/L0.05120226-60-0

EP231P: PFAS Sums

0.02 <0.01 0.01 8.11 0.15µg/L0.01----Sum of PFAS

0.02Sum of PFHxS and PFOS <0.01 0.01 2.59 <0.05µg/L0.01355-46-4/1763-23-

1

0.02 <0.01 0.01 7.28 0.15µg/L0.01----Sum of PFAS (WA DER List)


97.8 98.7 93.6 95.0 95.8%0.02----13C4-PFOS

107 106 104 106 105%0.02----13C8-PFOA

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Analytical Results

0861_QC302_1905100861_QC302_1905090861_QC302_1905080861_QC302_1905070861_QC302_190506Client sample IDSub-Matrix: WATER

(Matrix: WATER)






(PFBS)

<0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02µg/L0.02375-73-5


(PFPeS)

<0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02µg/L0.022706-91-4

<0.02Perfluorohexane sulfonic acid

(PFHxS)

<0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02µg/L0.02355-46-4


(PFHpS)

<0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02µg/L0.02375-92-8

<0.01Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid

(PFOS)

<0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01µg/L0.011763-23-1


(PFDS)

<0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02µg/L0.02335-77-3



<0.02Perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA) <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02µg/L0.022706-90-3

<0.02Perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02µg/L0.02307-24-4

<0.02Perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA) <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02µg/L0.02375-85-9

<0.01Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01µg/L0.01335-67-1




(PFUnDA)

<0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02µg/L0.022058-94-8


(PFDoDA)

<0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02µg/L0.02307-55-1


(PFTrDA)

<0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02µg/L0.0272629-94-8


(PFTeDA)

<0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05µg/L0.05376-06-7



(FOSA)

<0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02µg/L0.02754-91-6



<0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05µg/L0.0531506-32-8



<0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05µg/L0.054151-50-2

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EB1911948



Analytical Results

0861_QC302_1905100861_QC302_1905090861_QC302_1905080861_QC302_1905070861_QC302_190506Client sample IDSub-Matrix: WATER

(Matrix: WATER)




EP231C: Perfluoroalkyl Sulfonamides - Continued



<0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05µg/L0.0524448-09-7



<0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05µg/L0.051691-99-2



(MeFOSAA)

<0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02µg/L0.022355-31-9



(EtFOSAA)

<0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02µg/L0.022991-50-6



(4:2 FTS)

<0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05µg/L0.05757124-72-4


(6:2 FTS)

<0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05µg/L0.0527619-97-2


(8:2 FTS)

<0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05µg/L0.0539108-34-4


(10:2 FTS)

<0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05µg/L0.05120226-60-0

EP231P: PFAS Sums

<0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01µg/L0.01----Sum of PFAS

<0.01Sum of PFHxS and PFOS <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01µg/L0.01355-46-4/1763-23-

1

<0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01µg/L0.01----Sum of PFAS (WA DER List)


96.1 86.7 94.9 92.7 89.6%0.02----13C4-PFOS

96.8 96.3 97.1 95.4 93.8%0.02----13C8-PFOA

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Analytical Results

0861_QC103_1905080861_MW20_1905080861_QC103_1905100861_QC101_1905090861_QC101_190507Client sample IDSub-Matrix: WATER

(Matrix: WATER)





1460 627 9140 ---- ----mg/L10----Total Dissolved Solids @180°C


<1Hydroxide Alkalinity as CaCO3 <1 <1 ---- ----mg/L1DMO-210-001

<1Carbonate Alkalinity as CaCO3 <1 <1 ---- ----mg/L13812-32-6

644Bicarbonate Alkalinity as CaCO3 430 926 ---- ----mg/L171-52-3

644 430 926 ---- ----mg/L1----Total Alkalinity as CaCO3


22Sulfate as SO4 - Turbidimetric <1 134 ---- ----mg/L114808-79-8


566Chloride 131 5020 ---- ----mg/L116887-00-6


112Calcium 70 254 ---- ----mg/L17440-70-2

87Magnesium 42 349 ---- ----mg/L17439-95-4

358Sodium 133 3220 ---- ----mg/L17440-23-5

2Potassium 3 22 ---- ----mg/L17440-09-7


29.3 12.3 163 ---- ----meq/L0.01----Total Anions

28.4 12.8 182 ---- ----meq/L0.01----Total Cations

1.59 2.09 5.54 ---- ----%0.01----Ionic Balance



(PFBS)

<0.02 <0.05 1.30 <0.02µg/L0.02375-73-5


(PFPeS)

<0.02 <0.05 1.51 <0.02µg/L0.022706-91-4


(PFHxS)

<0.02 <0.05 12.2 <0.02µg/L0.02355-46-4


(PFHpS)

<0.02 <0.05 0.62 <0.02µg/L0.02375-92-8


(PFOS)

<0.01 <0.05 10.5 0.02µg/L0.011763-23-1


(PFDS)

<0.02 <0.05 <0.05 <0.02µg/L0.02335-77-3



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Analytical Results


(Matrix: WATER)





<0.02Perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA) <0.02 <0.05 2.18 <0.02µg/L0.022706-90-3

0.03Perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) <0.02 <0.05 3.69 <0.02µg/L0.02307-24-4

<0.02Perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA) <0.02 <0.05 1.20 <0.02µg/L0.02375-85-9

0.02Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) <0.01 <0.05 1.31 <0.02µg/L0.01335-67-1




(PFUnDA)

<0.02 <0.05 <0.05 <0.02µg/L0.022058-94-8


(PFDoDA)

<0.02 <0.05 <0.05 <0.02µg/L0.02307-55-1


(PFTrDA)

<0.02 <0.05 <0.05 <0.02µg/L0.0272629-94-8


(PFTeDA)

<0.05 <0.12 <0.12 <0.05µg/L0.05376-06-7



(FOSA)

<0.02 <0.05 <0.05 <0.02µg/L0.02754-91-6



<0.05 <0.12 <0.12 <0.05µg/L0.0531506-32-8



<0.05 <0.12 <0.12 <0.05µg/L0.054151-50-2



<0.05 <0.12 <0.12 <0.05µg/L0.0524448-09-7



<0.05 <0.12 <0.12 <0.05µg/L0.051691-99-2



(MeFOSAA)

<0.02 <0.05 <0.05 <0.02µg/L0.022355-31-9



(EtFOSAA)

<0.02 <0.05 <0.05 <0.02µg/L0.022991-50-6



(4:2 FTS)

<0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05µg/L0.05757124-72-4


(6:2 FTS)

<0.05 <0.05 0.14 <0.05µg/L0.0527619-97-2

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Analytical Results


(Matrix: WATER)






(8:2 FTS)

<0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05µg/L0.0539108-34-4


(10:2 FTS)

<0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05µg/L0.05120226-60-0

EP231P: PFAS Sums

0.34 <0.01 <0.05 34.6 0.02µg/L0.01----Sum of PFAS

0.29Sum of PFHxS and PFOS <0.01 <0.05 22.7 0.02µg/L0.01355-46-4/1763-23-

1

0.34 <0.01 <0.05 32.5 0.02µg/L0.01----Sum of PFAS (WA DER List)


90.8 91.4 89.0 96.2 96.6%0.02----13C4-PFOS

96.8 100 98.2 108 102%0.02----13C8-PFOA

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Surrogate Control Limits

Recovery Limits (%)Sub-Matrix: WATER

Compound CAS Number Low High


13C4-PFOS ---- 70 130

13C8-PFOA ---- 70 130

False

4 4.00True

Environmental

QUALITY CONTROL REPORTWork Order : EB1911948 Page : 1 of 18

:: LaboratoryClient Environmental Division BrisbaneJACOBS GROUP (AUSTRALIA) PTY LTD

:Contact EMMA HALE :Contact Brenda Hong

:Address 177 Pacific Highway

North Sydney 2060

Address : 2 Byth Street Stafford QLD Australia 4053

::Telephone ---- +61 2 8784 8555:Telephone

:Project 0861_QLD_PFAS Date Samples Received : 10-May-2019

:Order number 0861_QLD_PFAS Date Analysis Commenced : 14-May-2019

:C-O-C number ---- Issue Date : 20-May-2019

Sampler : TOM FRANK / CAMPBELL YOUNG / MONIQUE FARMER

Site : ----

Quote number : EN/222

No. of samples received 30:

No. of samples analysed 30:

This report supersedes any previous report(s) with this reference. Results apply to the sample(s) as submitted. This document shall not be reproduced, except in full.

This Quality Control Report contains the following information:

l Laboratory Duplicate (DUP) Report; Relative Percentage Difference (RPD) and Acceptance Limits

l Method Blank (MB) and Laboratory Control Spike (LCS) Report ; Recovery and Acceptance Limits

l Matrix Spike (MS) Report; Recovery and Acceptance Limits

SignatoriesThis document has been electronically signed by the authorized signatories below. Electronic signing is carried out in compliance with procedures specified in 21 CFR Part 11.

Signatories Accreditation CategoryPosition

Kim McCabe Senior Inorganic Chemist Brisbane Inorganics, Stafford, QLD

Matt Frost Senior Organic Chemist Brisbane Organics, Stafford, QLD

Santusha Pandra Organic Chemist Brisbane Organics, Stafford, QLD

Tom Maloney Senior Inorganic Chemist Brisbane Inorganics, Stafford, QLD


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General Comments

The analytical procedures used by the Environmental Division have been developed from established internationally recognized procedures such as those published by the USEPA, APHA, AS and NEPM. In house

developed procedures are employed in the absence of documented standards or by client request.

Where moisture determination has been performed, results are reported on a dry weight basis.

Where a reported less than (<) result is higher than the LOR, this may be due to primary sample extract/digestate dilution and/or insufficient sample for analysis. Where the LOR of a reported result differs from standard LOR, this may be due to high moisture content, insufficient sample (reduced weight employed) or matrix interference.

Anonymous = Refers to samples which are not specifically part of this work order but formed part of the QC process lot

CAS Number = CAS registry number from database maintained by Chemical Abstracts Services. The Chemical Abstracts Service is a division of the American Chemical Society.

LOR = Limit of reporting

RPD = Relative Percentage Difference

# = Indicates failed QC

Key :

Laboratory Duplicate (DUP) Report

The quality control term Laboratory Duplicate refers to a randomly selected intralaboratory split. Laboratory duplicates provide information regarding method precision and sample heterogeneity. The permitted ranges

for the Relative Percent Deviation (RPD) of Laboratory Duplicates are specified in ALS Method QWI -EN/38 and are dependent on the magnitude of results in comparison to the level of reporting: Result < 10 times LOR:

No Limit; Result between 10 and 20 times LOR: 0% - 50%; Result > 20 times LOR: 0% - 20%.

Sub-Matrix: WATER Laboratory Duplicate (DUP) Report

Original Result RPD (%)Laboratory sample ID Client sample ID Method: Compound CAS Number LOR Unit Duplicate Result Recovery Limits (%)

EA015: Total Dissolved Solids dried at 180 ± 5 °C (QC Lot: 2343325)

EA015H: Total Dissolved Solids @180°C ---- 10 mg/L 1830 1800 1.47 0% - 20%0861_MW46_190506 EB1911948-001

EA015H: Total Dissolved Solids @180°C ---- 10 mg/L 9480 9440 0.402 0% - 20%0861_MW12_190508 EB1911948-010

EA015: Total Dissolved Solids dried at 180 ± 5 °C (QC Lot: 2343326)

EA015H: Total Dissolved Solids @180°C ---- 10 mg/L 1460 1460 0.114 0% - 20%0861_QC101_190507 EB1911948-026

ED037P: Alkalinity by PC Titrator (QC Lot: 2344961)

ED037-P: Hydroxide Alkalinity as CaCO3 DMO-210-001 1 mg/L <1 <1 0.00 No LimitAnonymous EB1911823-001

ED037-P: Carbonate Alkalinity as CaCO3 3812-32-6 1 mg/L <1 <1 0.00 No Limit

ED037-P: Bicarbonate Alkalinity as CaCO3 71-52-3 1 mg/L 39 37 4.69 0% - 20%

ED037-P: Total Alkalinity as CaCO3 ---- 1 mg/L 39 37 4.69 0% - 20%



ED037-P: Bicarbonate Alkalinity as CaCO3 71-52-3 1 mg/L 4 4 0.00 No Limit

ED037-P: Total Alkalinity as CaCO3 ---- 1 mg/L 4 4 0.00 No Limit


ED037-P: Hydroxide Alkalinity as CaCO3 DMO-210-001 1 mg/L <1 <1 0.00 No Limit0861_MW5_190507 EB1911948-002




ED037-P: Hydroxide Alkalinity as CaCO3 DMO-210-001 1 mg/L <1 <1 0.00 No Limit0861_MW309_190508 EB1911948-012





ED037-P: Hydroxide Alkalinity as CaCO3 DMO-210-001 1 mg/L <1 <1 0.00 No Limit0861_QC101_190509 EB1911948-027

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ED037P: Alkalinity by PC Titrator (QC Lot: 2344963) - continued

ED037-P: Carbonate Alkalinity as CaCO3 3812-32-6 1 mg/L <1 <1 0.00 No Limit0861_QC101_190509 EB1911948-027







ED041G: Sulfate (Turbidimetric) as SO4 2- by DA (QC Lot: 2343746)

ED041G: Sulfate as SO4 - Turbidimetric 14808-79-8 1 mg/L 3 3 0.00 No LimitAnonymous EB1909573-003

ED041G: Sulfate as SO4 - Turbidimetric 14808-79-8 1 mg/L 558 567 1.44 0% - 20%0861_MW26_190507 EB1911948-003

ED041G: Sulfate (Turbidimetric) as SO4 2- by DA (QC Lot: 2343748)

ED041G: Sulfate as SO4 - Turbidimetric 14808-79-8 1 mg/L 298 298 0.00 0% - 20%0861_MW41_190508 EB1911948-013

ED041G: Sulfate as SO4 - Turbidimetric 14808-79-8 1 mg/L 134 137 1.67 0% - 20%0861_QC103_190510 EB1911948-028

ED045G: Chloride by Discrete Analyser (QC Lot: 2343747)

ED045G: Chloride 16887-00-6 1 mg/L 26 26 0.00 0% - 20%Anonymous EB1909573-003

ED045G: Chloride 16887-00-6 1 mg/L 9110 9250 1.52 0% - 20%0861_MW26_190507 EB1911948-003

ED045G: Chloride by Discrete Analyser (QC Lot: 2343749)

ED045G: Chloride 16887-00-6 1 mg/L 6590 6620 0.359 0% - 20%0861_MW41_190508 EB1911948-013

ED045G: Chloride 16887-00-6 1 mg/L 5020 5030 0.213 0% - 20%0861_QC103_190510 EB1911948-028

ED093F: Dissolved Major Cations (QC Lot: 2344104)

ED093F: Calcium 7440-70-2 1 mg/L 29 24 17.6 0% - 20%0861_MW46_190506 EB1911948-001

ED093F: Magnesium 7439-95-4 1 mg/L 48 40 18.0 0% - 20%

ED093F: Sodium 7440-23-5 1 mg/L 749 626 17.9 0% - 20%

ED093F: Potassium 7440-09-7 1 mg/L <1 <1 0.00 No Limit

ED093F: Calcium 7440-70-2 1 mg/L 265 261 1.29 0% - 20%0861_MW12_190508 EB1911948-010


ED093F: Sodium 7440-23-5 1 mg/L 1690 1670 1.26 0% - 20%

ED093F: Potassium 7440-09-7 1 mg/L 7 7 0.00 No Limit

ED093F: Dissolved Major Cations (QC Lot: 2344105)

ED093F: Calcium 7440-70-2 1 mg/L 112 108 3.22 0% - 20%0861_QC101_190507 EB1911948-026


ED093F: Sodium 7440-23-5 1 mg/L 358 349 2.70 0% - 20%

ED093F: Potassium 7440-09-7 1 mg/L 2 2 0.00 No Limit

EP231A: Perfluoroalkyl Sulfonic Acids (QC Lot: 2343023)

EP231X: Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) 1763-23-1 0.01 µg/L 288 277 3.89 0% - 20%0861_MW46_190506 EB1911948-001

EP231X: Perfluorobutane sulfonic acid (PFBS) 375-73-5 0.02 µg/L 16.7 18.0 7.84 0% - 20%

EP231X: Perfluoropentane sulfonic acid (PFPeS) 2706-91-4 0.02 µg/L 17.2 17.3 0.696 0% - 20%

EP231X: Perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS) 355-46-4 0.02 µg/L 129 126 2.47 0% - 20%

EP231X: Perfluoroheptane sulfonic acid (PFHpS) 375-92-8 0.02 µg/L 9.86 10.6 6.86 0% - 20%

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EP231A: Perfluoroalkyl Sulfonic Acids (QC Lot: 2343023) - continued

EP231X: Perfluorodecane sulfonic acid (PFDS) 335-77-3 0.02 µg/L <0.20 <0.20 0.00 No Limit0861_MW46_190506 EB1911948-001

EP231X: Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) 1763-23-1 0.01 µg/L 29.4 30.1 2.49 0% - 20%0861_MW307_190508 EB1911948-011



EP231X: Perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS) 355-46-4 0.02 µg/L 23.5 21.6 8.51 0% - 20%


EP231X: Perfluorodecane sulfonic acid (PFDS) 335-77-3 0.02 µg/L <0.02 <0.02 0.00 No Limit


EP231X: Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) 1763-23-1 0.01 µg/L <0.01 <0.01 0.00 No Limit0861_QC302_190506 EB1911948-021

EP231X: Perfluorobutane sulfonic acid (PFBS) 375-73-5 0.02 µg/L <0.02 <0.02 0.00 No Limit

EP231X: Perfluoropentane sulfonic acid (PFPeS) 2706-91-4 0.02 µg/L <0.02 <0.02 0.00 No Limit

EP231X: Perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS) 355-46-4 0.02 µg/L <0.02 <0.02 0.00 No Limit

EP231X: Perfluoroheptane sulfonic acid (PFHpS) 375-92-8 0.02 µg/L <0.02 <0.02 0.00 No Limit


EP231X: Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) 1763-23-1 0.01 µg/L <0.01 <0.01 0.00 No LimitAnonymous EB1911952-040

EP231X: Perfluorobutane sulfonic acid (PFBS) 375-73-5 0.02 µg/L <0.02 <0.02 0.00 No Limit


EP231X: Perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS) 355-46-4 0.02 µg/L <0.02 <0.02 0.00 No Limit




EP231X: Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) 1763-23-1 0.01 µg/L 10.5 11.4 8.63 0% - 20%0861_MW20_190508 EB1911948-029



EP231X: Perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS) 355-46-4 0.02 µg/L 12.2 12.7 3.41 0% - 20%



EP231X: Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) 1763-23-1 0.01 µg/L 0.64 0.63 0.00 0% - 20%Anonymous EB1912236-001

EP231X: Perfluorobutane sulfonic acid (PFBS) 375-73-5 0.02 µg/L 0.02 0.02 0.00 No Limit


EP231X: Perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS) 355-46-4 0.02 µg/L 0.14 0.13 0.00 No Limit



EP231B: Perfluoroalkyl Carboxylic Acids (QC Lot: 2343023)

EP231X: Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) 335-67-1 0.01 µg/L 31.5 29.1 7.79 0% - 20%0861_MW46_190506 EB1911948-001

EP231X: Perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA) 2706-90-3 0.02 µg/L 29.2 28.7 1.79 0% - 20%

EP231X: Perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) 307-24-4 0.02 µg/L 69.5 67.1 3.51 0% - 20%

EP231X: Perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA) 375-85-9 0.02 µg/L 13.9 13.5 3.21 0% - 20%

EP231X: Perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) 375-95-1 0.02 µg/L 0.74 0.66 11.4 No Limit

EP231X: Perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) 335-76-2 0.02 µg/L <0.20 <0.20 0.00 No Limit

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EP231B: Perfluoroalkyl Carboxylic Acids (QC Lot: 2343023) - continued

EP231X: Perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA) 2058-94-8 0.02 µg/L <0.20 <0.20 0.00 No Limit0861_MW46_190506 EB1911948-001

EP231X: Perfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoDA) 307-55-1 0.02 µg/L <0.20 <0.20 0.00 No Limit

EP231X: Perfluorotridecanoic acid (PFTrDA) 72629-94-8 0.02 µg/L <0.20 <0.20 0.00 No Limit

EP231X: Perfluorotetradecanoic acid (PFTeDA) 376-06-7 0.05 µg/L <0.50 <0.50 0.00 No Limit

EP231X: Perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) 375-22-4 0.1 µg/L 15.7 15.3 2.45 0% - 50%





EP231X: Perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) 375-95-1 0.02 µg/L <0.02 <0.02 0.00 No Limit


EP231X: Perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA) 2058-94-8 0.02 µg/L <0.02 <0.02 0.00 No Limit




EP231X: Perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) 375-22-4 0.1 µg/L 0.8 0.9 0.00 No Limit


EP231X: Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) 335-67-1 0.01 µg/L <0.01 <0.01 0.00 No Limit0861_QC302_190506 EB1911948-021

EP231X: Perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA) 2706-90-3 0.02 µg/L <0.02 <0.02 0.00 No Limit

EP231X: Perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) 307-24-4 0.02 µg/L <0.02 <0.02 0.00 No Limit

EP231X: Perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA) 375-85-9 0.02 µg/L <0.02 <0.02 0.00 No Limit







EP231X: Perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) 375-22-4 0.1 µg/L <0.1 <0.1 0.00 No Limit

EP231X: Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) 335-67-1 0.01 µg/L <0.01 <0.01 0.00 No LimitAnonymous EB1911952-040


EP231X: Perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) 307-24-4 0.02 µg/L <0.02 <0.02 0.00 No Limit










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EP231B: Perfluoroalkyl Carboxylic Acids (QC Lot: 2346405) - continued












EP231X: Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) 335-67-1 0.01 µg/L 0.02 0.02 0.00 No LimitAnonymous EB1912236-001


EP231X: Perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) 307-24-4 0.02 µg/L 0.04 0.04 0.00 No Limit









EP231C: Perfluoroalkyl Sulfonamides (QC Lot: 2343023)

EP231X: Perfluorooctane sulfonamide (FOSA) 754-91-6 0.02 µg/L <0.20 <0.20 0.00 No Limit0861_MW46_190506 EB1911948-001

EP231X: N-Methyl perfluorooctane

sulfonamidoacetic acid (MeFOSAA)

2355-31-9 0.02 µg/L <0.20 <0.20 0.00 No Limit

EP231X: N-Ethyl perfluorooctane

sulfonamidoacetic acid (EtFOSAA)

2991-50-6 0.02 µg/L <0.20 <0.20 0.00 No Limit

EP231X: N-Methyl perfluorooctane sulfonamide

(MeFOSA)

31506-32-8 0.05 µg/L <0.50 <0.50 0.00 No Limit

EP231X: N-Ethyl perfluorooctane sulfonamide

(EtFOSA)

4151-50-2 0.05 µg/L <0.50 <0.50 0.00 No Limit



24448-09-7 0.05 µg/L <0.50 <0.50 0.00 No Limit



1691-99-2 0.05 µg/L <0.50 <0.50 0.00 No Limit




2355-31-9 0.02 µg/L <0.02 <0.02 0.00 No Limit



2991-50-6 0.02 µg/L <0.02 <0.02 0.00 No Limit

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EP231C: Perfluoroalkyl Sulfonamides (QC Lot: 2343023) - continued


(MeFOSA)

31506-32-8 0.05 µg/L <0.05 <0.05 0.00 No Limit0861_MW307_190508 EB1911948-011


(EtFOSA)

4151-50-2 0.05 µg/L <0.05 <0.05 0.00 No Limit



24448-09-7 0.05 µg/L <0.05 <0.05 0.00 No Limit



1691-99-2 0.05 µg/L <0.05 <0.05 0.00 No Limit


EP231X: Perfluorooctane sulfonamide (FOSA) 754-91-6 0.02 µg/L <0.02 <0.02 0.00 No Limit0861_QC302_190506 EB1911948-021



2355-31-9 0.02 µg/L <0.02 <0.02 0.00 No Limit



2991-50-6 0.02 µg/L <0.02 <0.02 0.00 No Limit


(MeFOSA)

31506-32-8 0.05 µg/L <0.05 <0.05 0.00 No Limit


(EtFOSA)

4151-50-2 0.05 µg/L <0.05 <0.05 0.00 No Limit



24448-09-7 0.05 µg/L <0.05 <0.05 0.00 No Limit



1691-99-2 0.05 µg/L <0.05 <0.05 0.00 No Limit

EP231X: Perfluorooctane sulfonamide (FOSA) 754-91-6 0.02 µg/L <0.02 <0.02 0.00 No LimitAnonymous EB1911952-040



2355-31-9 0.02 µg/L <0.02 <0.02 0.00 No Limit



2991-50-6 0.02 µg/L <0.02 <0.02 0.00 No Limit


(MeFOSA)

31506-32-8 0.05 µg/L <0.05 <0.05 0.00 No Limit


(EtFOSA)

4151-50-2 0.05 µg/L <0.05 <0.05 0.00 No Limit



24448-09-7 0.05 µg/L <0.05 <0.05 0.00 No Limit



1691-99-2 0.05 µg/L <0.05 <0.05 0.00 No Limit





2355-31-9 0.02 µg/L <0.05 <0.05 0.00 No Limit



2991-50-6 0.02 µg/L <0.05 <0.05 0.00 No Limit

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EP231C: Perfluoroalkyl Sulfonamides (QC Lot: 2346405) - continued


(MeFOSA)

31506-32-8 0.05 µg/L <0.12 <0.12 0.00 No Limit0861_MW20_190508 EB1911948-029


(EtFOSA)

4151-50-2 0.05 µg/L <0.12 <0.12 0.00 No Limit



24448-09-7 0.05 µg/L <0.12 <0.12 0.00 No Limit



1691-99-2 0.05 µg/L <0.12 <0.12 0.00 No Limit

EP231X: Perfluorooctane sulfonamide (FOSA) 754-91-6 0.02 µg/L <0.02 <0.02 0.00 No LimitAnonymous EB1912236-001



2355-31-9 0.02 µg/L <0.02 <0.02 0.00 No Limit



2991-50-6 0.02 µg/L <0.02 <0.02 0.00 No Limit


(MeFOSA)

31506-32-8 0.05 µg/L <0.05 <0.05 0.00 No Limit


(EtFOSA)

4151-50-2 0.05 µg/L <0.05 <0.05 0.00 No Limit



24448-09-7 0.05 µg/L <0.05 <0.05 0.00 No Limit



1691-99-2 0.05 µg/L <0.05 <0.05 0.00 No Limit

EP231D: (n:2) Fluorotelomer Sulfonic Acids (QC Lot: 2343023)

EP231X: 4:2 Fluorotelomer sulfonic acid (4:2

FTS)

757124-72-4 0.05 µg/L <0.20 <0.20 0.00 No Limit0861_MW46_190506 EB1911948-001


FTS)

27619-97-2 0.05 µg/L 38.8 37.2 4.37 0% - 20%


FTS)

39108-34-4 0.05 µg/L 3.00 2.88 4.08 0% - 50%


FTS)

120226-60-0 0.05 µg/L <0.20 <0.20 0.00 No Limit


FTS)

757124-72-4 0.05 µg/L <0.05 <0.05 0.00 No Limit0861_MW307_190508 EB1911948-011


FTS)

27619-97-2 0.05 µg/L 0.24 0.24 0.00 No Limit


FTS)

39108-34-4 0.05 µg/L <0.05 <0.05 0.00 No Limit


FTS)

120226-60-0 0.05 µg/L <0.05 <0.05 0.00 No Limit



FTS)

757124-72-4 0.05 µg/L <0.05 <0.05 0.00 No Limit0861_QC302_190506 EB1911948-021

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EP231D: (n:2) Fluorotelomer Sulfonic Acids (QC Lot: 2343494) - continued


FTS)

27619-97-2 0.05 µg/L <0.05 <0.05 0.00 No Limit0861_QC302_190506 EB1911948-021


FTS)

39108-34-4 0.05 µg/L <0.05 <0.05 0.00 No Limit


FTS)

120226-60-0 0.05 µg/L <0.05 <0.05 0.00 No Limit


FTS)

757124-72-4 0.05 µg/L <0.05 <0.05 0.00 No LimitAnonymous EB1911952-040


FTS)

27619-97-2 0.05 µg/L <0.05 <0.05 0.00 No Limit


FTS)

39108-34-4 0.05 µg/L <0.05 <0.05 0.00 No Limit


FTS)

120226-60-0 0.05 µg/L <0.05 <0.05 0.00 No Limit



FTS)

757124-72-4 0.05 µg/L <0.05 <0.05 0.00 No Limit0861_MW20_190508 EB1911948-029


FTS)

27619-97-2 0.05 µg/L 0.14 0.30 75.9 No Limit


FTS)

39108-34-4 0.05 µg/L <0.05 <0.05 0.00 No Limit


FTS)

120226-60-0 0.05 µg/L <0.05 <0.05 0.00 No Limit


FTS)

757124-72-4 0.05 µg/L <0.05 <0.05 0.00 No LimitAnonymous EB1912236-001


FTS)

27619-97-2 0.05 µg/L <0.05 <0.05 0.00 No Limit


FTS)

39108-34-4 0.05 µg/L <0.05 <0.05 0.00 No Limit


FTS)

120226-60-0 0.05 µg/L <0.05 <0.05 0.00 No Limit

EP231P: PFAS Sums (QC Lot: 2343023)

EP231X: Sum of PFAS ---- 0.01 µg/L 663 643 3.02 0% - 20%0861_MW46_190506 EB1911948-001

EP231X: Sum of PFHxS and PFOS 355-46-4/1763-

23-1

0.01 µg/L 417 403 3.41 0% - 20%

EP231X: Sum of PFAS (WA DER List) ---- 0.01 µg/L 635 615 3.28 0% - 20%

EP231X: Sum of PFAS ---- 0.01 µg/L 70.0 69.3 0.991 0% - 20%0861_MW307_190508 EB1911948-011


23-1

0.01 µg/L 53.0 54.1 2.05 0% - 20%

EP231X: Sum of PFAS (WA DER List) ---- 0.01 µg/L 65.1 64.8 0.508 0% - 20%


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EP231P: PFAS Sums (QC Lot: 2343494) - continued

EP231X: Sum of PFAS ---- 0.01 µg/L <0.01 <0.01 0.00 No Limit0861_QC302_190506 EB1911948-021


23-1

0.01 µg/L <0.01 <0.01 0.00 No Limit

EP231X: Sum of PFAS (WA DER List) ---- 0.01 µg/L <0.01 <0.01 0.00 No Limit

EP231X: Sum of PFAS ---- 0.01 µg/L <0.01 <0.01 0.00 No LimitAnonymous EB1911952-040


23-1

0.01 µg/L <0.01 <0.01 0.00 No Limit

EP231X: Sum of PFAS (WA DER List) ---- 0.01 µg/L <0.01 <0.01 0.00 No Limit


EP231X: Sum of PFAS ---- 0.01 µg/L 34.6 36.5 5.20 0% - 20%0861_MW20_190508 EB1911948-029


23-1

0.01 µg/L 22.7 24.1 5.98 0% - 20%


EP231X: Sum of PFAS ---- 0.01 µg/L 0.86 0.84 2.35 0% - 20%Anonymous EB1912236-001


23-1

0.01 µg/L 0.78 0.76 2.60 0% - 20%


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Method Blank (MB) and Laboratory Control Spike (LCS) Report

The quality control term Method / Laboratory Blank refers to an analyte free matrix to which all reagents are added in the same volumes or proportions as used in standard sample preparation. The purpose of this QC

parameter is to monitor potential laboratory contamination. The quality control term Laboratory Control Spike (LCS) refers to a certified reference material, or a known interference free matrix spiked with target

analytes. The purpose of this QC parameter is to monitor method precision and accuracy independent of sample matrix. Dynamic Recovery Limits are based on statistical evaluation of processed LCS.

Sub-Matrix: WATER Method Blank (MB)

Report

Laboratory Control Spike (LCS) Report

Spike Spike Recovery (%) Recovery Limits (%)

Result Concentration HighLowLCSMethod: Compound CAS Number LOR Unit

EA015: Total Dissolved Solids dried at 180 ± 5 °C (QCLot: 2343325)

EA015H: Total Dissolved Solids @180°C ---- 10 mg/L <10 105293 mg/L 11288

<10 1012000 mg/L 11288

<10 1032460 mg/L 11881

EA015: Total Dissolved Solids dried at 180 ± 5 °C (QCLot: 2343326)

EA015H: Total Dissolved Solids @180°C ---- 10 mg/L <10 107293 mg/L 11288

<10 1022000 mg/L 11288

<10 1052460 mg/L 11881

ED037P: Alkalinity by PC Titrator (QCLot: 2344961)

ED037-P: Total Alkalinity as CaCO3 ---- ---- mg/L ---- 10350 mg/L 12080


ED037-P: Total Alkalinity as CaCO3 ---- ---- mg/L ---- 99.7200 mg/L 12080


ED037-P: Total Alkalinity as CaCO3 ---- ---- mg/L ---- 10950 mg/L 12080

ED041G: Sulfate (Turbidimetric) as SO4 2- by DA (QCLot: 2343746)

ED041G: Sulfate as SO4 - Turbidimetric 14808-79-8 1 mg/L <1 10225 mg/L 11885

<1 101100 mg/L 11885


ED041G: Sulfate as SO4 - Turbidimetric 14808-79-8 1 mg/L <1 10225 mg/L 11885

<1 101100 mg/L 11885

ED045G: Chloride by Discrete Analyser (QCLot: 2343747)

ED045G: Chloride 16887-00-6 1 mg/L <1 94.910 mg/L 11590

<1 1041000 mg/L 11590


ED045G: Chloride 16887-00-6 1 mg/L <1 97.510 mg/L 11590

<1 1041000 mg/L 11590

ED093F: Dissolved Major Cations (QCLot: 2344104)

ED093F: Calcium 7440-70-2 1 mg/L <1 -------- --------

ED093F: Magnesium 7439-95-4 1 mg/L <1 -------- --------

ED093F: Sodium 7440-23-5 1 mg/L <1 -------- --------

ED093F: Potassium 7440-09-7 1 mg/L <1 -------- --------

ED093F: Dissolved Major Cations (QCLot: 2344105)

ED093F: Calcium 7440-70-2 1 mg/L <1 -------- --------

ED093F: Magnesium 7439-95-4 1 mg/L <1 -------- --------

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ED093F: Dissolved Major Cations (QCLot: 2344105) - continued

ED093F: Sodium 7440-23-5 1 mg/L <1 -------- --------

ED093F: Potassium 7440-09-7 1 mg/L <1 -------- --------

EP231A: Perfluoroalkyl Sulfonic Acids (QCLot: 2343023)

EP231X: Perfluorobutane sulfonic acid (PFBS) 375-73-5 0.02 µg/L <0.02 91.60.442 µg/L 13070

EP231X: Perfluoropentane sulfonic acid (PFPeS) 2706-91-4 0.02 µg/L <0.02 89.60.469 µg/L 13070

EP231X: Perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS) 355-46-4 0.02 µg/L <0.02 87.50.473 µg/L 13070

EP231X: Perfluoroheptane sulfonic acid (PFHpS) 375-92-8 0.02 µg/L <0.02 95.40.476 µg/L 13070

EP231X: Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) 1763-23-1 0.01 µg/L <0.01 1180.464 µg/L 13070

EP231X: Perfluorodecane sulfonic acid (PFDS) 335-77-3 0.02 µg/L <0.02 92.10.482 µg/L 13070






EP231X: Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) 1763-23-1 0.01 µg/L <0.01 82.80.464 µg/L 13070







EP231X: Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) 1763-23-1 0.01 µg/L <0.01 88.10.464 µg/L 13070


EP231B: Perfluoroalkyl Carboxylic Acids (QCLot: 2343023)

EP231X: Perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) 375-22-4 0.1 µg/L <0.1 85.72.5 µg/L 13070

EP231X: Perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA) 2706-90-3 0.02 µg/L <0.02 88.60.5 µg/L 13070

EP231X: Perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) 307-24-4 0.02 µg/L <0.02 88.00.5 µg/L 13070

EP231X: Perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA) 375-85-9 0.02 µg/L <0.02 89.60.5 µg/L 13070

EP231X: Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) 335-67-1 0.01 µg/L <0.01 87.40.5 µg/L 13070

EP231X: Perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) 375-95-1 0.02 µg/L <0.02 86.20.5 µg/L 13070

EP231X: Perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) 335-76-2 0.02 µg/L <0.02 87.80.5 µg/L 13070

EP231X: Perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA) 2058-94-8 0.02 µg/L <0.02 86.60.5 µg/L 13070

EP231X: Perfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoDA) 307-55-1 0.02 µg/L <0.02 88.80.5 µg/L 13070

EP231X: Perfluorotridecanoic acid (PFTrDA) 72629-94-8 0.02 µg/L <0.02 94.00.5 µg/L 13070

EP231X: Perfluorotetradecanoic acid (PFTeDA) 376-06-7 0.05 µg/L <0.05 91.41.25 µg/L 13070




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EP231B: Perfluoroalkyl Carboxylic Acids (QCLot: 2343494) - continued








EP231X: Perfluorotridecanoic acid (PFTrDA) 72629-94-8 0.02 µg/L <0.02 1010.5 µg/L 13070












EP231X: Perfluorotridecanoic acid (PFTrDA) 72629-94-8 0.02 µg/L <0.02 74.40.5 µg/L 13070


EP231C: Perfluoroalkyl Sulfonamides (QCLot: 2343023)

EP231X: Perfluorooctane sulfonamide (FOSA) 754-91-6 0.02 µg/L <0.02 90.20.5 µg/L 13070

EP231X: N-Methyl perfluorooctane sulfonamide (MeFOSA) 31506-32-8 0.05 µg/L <0.05 89.01.25 µg/L 13070

EP231X: N-Ethyl perfluorooctane sulfonamide (EtFOSA) 4151-50-2 0.05 µg/L <0.05 88.81.25 µg/L 13070

EP231X: N-Methyl perfluorooctane sulfonamidoethanol

(MeFOSE)

24448-09-7 0.05 µg/L <0.05 90.01.25 µg/L 13070

EP231X: N-Ethyl perfluorooctane sulfonamidoethanol

(EtFOSE)

1691-99-2 0.05 µg/L <0.05 93.41.25 µg/L 13070

EP231X: N-Methyl perfluorooctane sulfonamidoacetic acid

(MeFOSAA)

2355-31-9 0.02 µg/L <0.02 92.20.5 µg/L 13070

EP231X: N-Ethyl perfluorooctane sulfonamidoacetic acid

(EtFOSAA)

2991-50-6 0.02 µg/L <0.02 90.80.5 µg/L 13070






(MeFOSE)

24448-09-7 0.05 µg/L <0.05 95.21.25 µg/L 13070

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EP231C: Perfluoroalkyl Sulfonamides (QCLot: 2343494) - continued


(EtFOSE)

1691-99-2 0.05 µg/L <0.05 97.21.25 µg/L 13070


(MeFOSAA)

2355-31-9 0.02 µg/L <0.02 99.20.5 µg/L 13070


(EtFOSAA)

2991-50-6 0.02 µg/L <0.02 90.80.5 µg/L 13070






(MeFOSE)

24448-09-7 0.05 µg/L <0.05 87.21.25 µg/L 13070


(EtFOSE)

1691-99-2 0.05 µg/L <0.05 94.61.25 µg/L 13070


(MeFOSAA)

2355-31-9 0.02 µg/L <0.02 90.20.5 µg/L 13070


(EtFOSAA)

2991-50-6 0.02 µg/L <0.02 88.60.5 µg/L 13070

EP231D: (n:2) Fluorotelomer Sulfonic Acids (QCLot: 2343023)

EP231X: 4:2 Fluorotelomer sulfonic acid (4:2 FTS) 757124-72-4 0.05 µg/L <0.05 95.50.467 µg/L 13070













EP231X: 10:2 Fluorotelomer sulfonic acid (10:2 FTS) 120226-60-0 0.05 µg/L <0.05 1060.482 µg/L 13070

EP231P: PFAS Sums (QCLot: 2343023)

EP231X: Sum of PFAS ---- 0.01 µg/L <0.01 -------- --------

EP231X: Sum of PFHxS and PFOS 355-46-4/17

63-23-1

0.01 µg/L <0.01 -------- --------

EP231X: Sum of PFAS (WA DER List) ---- 0.01 µg/L <0.01 -------- --------

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63-23-1

0.01 µg/L <0.01 -------- --------





63-23-1

0.01 µg/L <0.01 -------- --------


Matrix Spike (MS) ReportThe quality control term Matrix Spike (MS) refers to an intralaboratory split sample spiked with a representative set of target analytes. The purpose of this QC parameter is to monitor potential matrix effects on

analyte recoveries. Static Recovery Limits as per laboratory Data Quality Objectives (DQOs). Ideal recovery ranges stated may be waived in the event of sample matrix interference.

Sub-Matrix: WATER Matrix Spike (MS) Report

SpikeRecovery(%) Recovery Limits (%)Spike

HighLowMSConcentrationLaboratory sample ID Client sample ID Method: Compound CAS Number


Anonymous EB1909613-005 14808-79-8ED041G: Sulfate as SO4 - Turbidimetric 10820 mg/L 13070


0861_MW56S_190509 EB1911948-014 14808-79-8ED041G: Sulfate as SO4 - Turbidimetric # Not

Determined

20 mg/L 13070


Anonymous EB1909613-005 16887-00-6ED045G: Chloride 109400 mg/L 13070


0861_MW56S_190509 EB1911948-014 16887-00-6ED045G: Chloride # Not

Determined

400 mg/L 13070


0861_MW5_190507 EB1911948-002 375-73-5EP231X: Perfluorobutane sulfonic acid (PFBS) 80.20.5 µg/L 13070

2706-91-4EP231X: Perfluoropentane sulfonic acid (PFPeS) 76.80.5 µg/L 13070

355-46-4EP231X: Perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS) 82.80.5 µg/L 13070

375-92-8EP231X: Perfluoroheptane sulfonic acid (PFHpS) 94.00.5 µg/L 13070

1763-23-1EP231X: Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) 1070.5 µg/L 13070

335-77-3EP231X: Perfluorodecane sulfonic acid (PFDS) 89.60.5 µg/L 13070


0861_QC302_190507 EB1911948-022 375-73-5EP231X: Perfluorobutane sulfonic acid (PFBS) 79.80.5 µg/L 13070

2706-91-4EP231X: Perfluoropentane sulfonic acid (PFPeS) 83.60.5 µg/L 13070

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EP231A: Perfluoroalkyl Sulfonic Acids (QCLot: 2343494) - continued

0861_QC302_190507 EB1911948-022 355-46-4EP231X: Perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS) 75.60.5 µg/L 13070


1763-23-1EP231X: Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) 70.00.5 µg/L 13070



0861_QC103_190508 EB1911948-030 375-73-5EP231X: Perfluorobutane sulfonic acid (PFBS) 74.60.5 µg/L 13070

2706-91-4EP231X: Perfluoropentane sulfonic acid (PFPeS) # 68.00.5 µg/L 13070

355-46-4EP231X: Perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS) 77.00.5 µg/L 13070


1763-23-1EP231X: Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) 1160.5 µg/L 13070



0861_MW5_190507 EB1911948-002 375-22-4EP231X: Perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) # 15.92.5 µg/L 13070

2706-90-3EP231X: Perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA) 88.40.5 µg/L 13070

307-24-4EP231X: Perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) 86.20.5 µg/L 13070

375-85-9EP231X: Perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA) 90.60.5 µg/L 13070

335-67-1EP231X: Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) 89.00.5 µg/L 13070

375-95-1EP231X: Perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) 81.60.5 µg/L 13070

335-76-2EP231X: Perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) 81.20.5 µg/L 13070

2058-94-8EP231X: Perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA) 80.60.5 µg/L 13070

307-55-1EP231X: Perfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoDA) 94.00.5 µg/L 13070

72629-94-8EP231X: Perfluorotridecanoic acid (PFTrDA) 84.60.5 µg/L 13070

376-06-7EP231X: Perfluorotetradecanoic acid (PFTeDA) 92.21.25 µg/L 13070


0861_QC302_190507 EB1911948-022 375-22-4EP231X: Perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) 89.22.5 µg/L 13070


307-24-4EP231X: Perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) 86.20.5 µg/L 13070







72629-94-8EP231X: Perfluorotridecanoic acid (PFTrDA) 1040.5 µg/L 13070



0861_QC103_190508 EB1911948-030 375-22-4EP231X: Perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) # 24.22.5 µg/L 13070


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EP231B: Perfluoroalkyl Carboxylic Acids (QCLot: 2346405) - continued

0861_QC103_190508 EB1911948-030 307-24-4EP231X: Perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) 86.00.5 µg/L 13070







72629-94-8EP231X: Perfluorotridecanoic acid (PFTrDA) 1030.5 µg/L 13070



0861_MW5_190507 EB1911948-002 754-91-6EP231X: Perfluorooctane sulfonamide (FOSA) 92.20.5 µg/L 13070

31506-32-8EP231X: N-Methyl perfluorooctane sulfonamide

(MeFOSA)

93.61.25 µg/L 13070

4151-50-2EP231X: N-Ethyl perfluorooctane sulfonamide (EtFOSA) 90.21.25 µg/L 13070

24448-09-7EP231X: N-Methyl perfluorooctane sulfonamidoethanol

(MeFOSE)

83.21.25 µg/L 13070

1691-99-2EP231X: N-Ethyl perfluorooctane sulfonamidoethanol

(EtFOSE)

90.21.25 µg/L 13070

2355-31-9EP231X: N-Methyl perfluorooctane sulfonamidoacetic

acid (MeFOSAA)

88.20.5 µg/L 13070

2991-50-6EP231X: N-Ethyl perfluorooctane sulfonamidoacetic

acid (EtFOSAA)

85.80.5 µg/L 13070


0861_QC302_190507 EB1911948-022 754-91-6EP231X: Perfluorooctane sulfonamide (FOSA) 79.20.5 µg/L 13070


(MeFOSA)

99.01.25 µg/L 13070

4151-50-2EP231X: N-Ethyl perfluorooctane sulfonamide (EtFOSA) 78.61.25 µg/L 13070


(MeFOSE)

90.21.25 µg/L 13070


(EtFOSE)

93.01.25 µg/L 13070


acid (MeFOSAA)

1010.5 µg/L 13070


acid (EtFOSAA)

83.00.5 µg/L 13070


0861_QC103_190508 EB1911948-030 754-91-6EP231X: Perfluorooctane sulfonamide (FOSA) 85.60.5 µg/L 13070


(MeFOSA)

87.71.25 µg/L 13070

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EP231C: Perfluoroalkyl Sulfonamides (QCLot: 2346405) - continued

0861_QC103_190508 EB1911948-030 4151-50-2EP231X: N-Ethyl perfluorooctane sulfonamide (EtFOSA) 83.91.25 µg/L 13070


(MeFOSE)

84.91.25 µg/L 13070


(EtFOSE)

90.61.25 µg/L 13070


acid (MeFOSAA)

88.20.5 µg/L 13070


acid (EtFOSAA)

80.00.5 µg/L 13070


0861_MW5_190507 EB1911948-002 757124-72-4EP231X: 4:2 Fluorotelomer sulfonic acid (4:2 FTS) 91.40.5 µg/L 13070

27619-97-2EP231X: 6:2 Fluorotelomer sulfonic acid (6:2 FTS) 85.00.5 µg/L 13070




0861_QC302_190507 EB1911948-022 757124-72-4EP231X: 4:2 Fluorotelomer sulfonic acid (4:2 FTS) 90.20.5 µg/L 13070


39108-34-4EP231X: 8:2 Fluorotelomer sulfonic acid (8:2 FTS) 1100.5 µg/L 13070



0861_QC103_190508 EB1911948-030 757124-72-4EP231X: 4:2 Fluorotelomer sulfonic acid (4:2 FTS) 90.60.5 µg/L 13070




True

Environmental

QA/QC Compliance Assessment to assist with Quality ReviewWork Order : EB1911948 Page : 1 of 12

:: LaboratoryClient Environmental Division BrisbaneJACOBS GROUP (AUSTRALIA) PTY LTD

:Contact EMMA HALE Telephone : +61 2 8784 8555

:Project 0861_QLD_PFAS Date Samples Received : 10-May-2019

Site : ---- Issue Date : 20-May-2019

TOM FRANK / CAMPBELL YOUNG / MONIQUE FARMER:Sampler No. of samples received : 30

:Order number 0861_QLD_PFAS No. of samples analysed : 30

This report is automatically generated by the ALS LIMS through interpretation of the ALS Quality Control Report and several Quality Assurance parameters measured by ALS. This automated

reporting highlights any non-conformances, facilitates faster and more accurate data validation and is designed to assist internal expert and external Auditor review. Many components of this

report contribute to the overall DQO assessment and reporting for guideline compliance.

Brief method summaries and references are also provided to assist in traceability.

Summary of Outliers

Outliers : Quality Control Samples

This report highlights outliers flagged in the Quality Control (QC) Report.

l NO Method Blank value outliers occur.

l NO Duplicate outliers occur.

l NO Laboratory Control outliers occur.

l Matrix Spike outliers exist - please see following pages for full details.

l For all regular sample matrices, NO surrogate recovery outliers occur.

Outliers : Analysis Holding Time Compliance

l Analysis Holding Time Outliers exist - please see following pages for full details.

Outliers : Frequency of Quality Control Samples

l NO Quality Control Sample Frequency Outliers exist.


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Outliers : Quality Control Samples

Duplicates, Method Blanks, Laboratory Control Samples and Matrix Spikes

Matrix: WATER

Compound Group Name CommentLimitsDataAnalyteClient Sample IDLaboratory Sample ID CAS Number

Matrix Spike (MS) Recoveries

EB1911948--014 14808-79-8Sulfate as SO4 -

Turbidimetric

0861_MW56S_190509 MS recovery not determined,

background level greater than or

equal to 4x spike level.

----Not

Determined


EB1911948--014 16887-00-6Chloride0861_MW56S_190509 MS recovery not determined,

background level greater than or

equal to 4x spike level.

----Not

Determined


EB1911948--030 2706-91-4Perfluoropentane

sulfonic acid

(PFPeS)

0861_QC103_190508 Recovery less than lower data quality

objective

70-130%68.0 %EP231A: Perfluoroalkyl Sulfonic Acids

EB1911948--002 375-22-4Perfluorobutanoic acid

(PFBA)

0861_MW5_190507 Recovery less than lower data quality

objective

70-130%15.9 %EP231B: Perfluoroalkyl Carboxylic Acids

EB1911948--030 375-22-4Perfluorobutanoic acid

(PFBA)

0861_QC103_190508 Recovery less than lower data quality

objective

70-130%24.2 %EP231B: Perfluoroalkyl Carboxylic Acids

Outliers : Analysis Holding Time Compliance

Matrix: WATER

AnalysisExtraction / Preparation

Date analysedDate extractedContainer / Client Sample ID(s) Days

overdue

Days

overdue

Due for extraction Due for analysis

Method


Clear Plastic Bottle - Natural

13-May-2019----0861_MW46_190506 14-May-2019---- ---- 1


Clear Plastic Bottle - Natural

13-May-2019----0861_MW46_190506 14-May-2019---- ---- 1

Analysis Holding Time Compliance

Holding times for VOC in soils vary according to analytes of interest. Vinyl Chloride and Styrene holding time is 7 days; others 14 days. A recorded breach does not guarantee a breach for all VOC analytes and

should be verified in case the reported breach is a false positive or Vinyl Chloride and Styrene are not key analytes of interest/concern.

Holding time for leachate methods (e.g. TCLP) vary according to the analytes reported. Assessment compares the leach date with the shortest analyte holding time for the equivalent soil method. These are: organics

14 days, mercury 28 days & other metals 180 days. A recorded breach does not guarantee a breach for all non-volatile parameters.

If samples are identified below as having been analysed or extracted outside of recommended holding times, this should be taken into consideration when interpreting results.

This report summarizes extraction / preparation and analysis times and compares each with ALS recommended holding times (referencing USEPA SW 846, APHA, AS and NEPM) based on the sample container

provided. Dates reported represent first date of extraction or analysis and preclude subsequent dilutions and reruns. A listing of breaches (if any) is provided herein.

Matrix: WATER Evaluation: û = Holding time breach ; ü = Within holding time.

AnalysisExtraction / PreparationSample DateMethod

EvaluationDue for analysisDate analysedEvaluationDue for extractionDate extractedContainer / Client Sample ID(s)

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Clear Plastic Bottle - Natural (EA015H)

0861_MW46_190506 13-May-2019---- 14-May-2019----06-May-2019 ---- ûClear Plastic Bottle - Natural (EA015H)

0861_MW5_190507, 0861_MW26_190507,

0861_MW29_190507, 0861_MW28_190507,

0861_MW36_190507, 0861_MW44_190507,

0861_QC101_190507

14-May-2019---- 14-May-2019----07-May-2019 ---- ü


0861_MW21_190508, 0861_MW37_190508,

0861_MW12_190508, 0861_MW307_190508,

0861_MW309_190508, 0861_MW41_190508

15-May-2019---- 14-May-2019----08-May-2019 ---- ü


0861_MW56S_190509, 0861_MW56D_190509,

0861_MW54S_190509, 0861_MW54D_190509,

0861_QC101_190509

16-May-2019---- 14-May-2019----09-May-2019 ---- ü


0861_MW34_190510, 0861_MW30_190510,

0861_MW31_190510, 0861_QC103_190510

17-May-2019---- 14-May-2019----10-May-2019 ---- ü


Clear Plastic Bottle - Natural (ED037-P)

0861_MW46_190506 20-May-2019---- 14-May-2019----06-May-2019 ---- üClear Plastic Bottle - Natural (ED037-P)

0861_MW5_190507, 0861_MW26_190507,

0861_MW29_190507, 0861_MW28_190507,

0861_MW36_190507, 0861_MW44_190507,

0861_QC101_190507

21-May-2019---- 14-May-2019----07-May-2019 ---- ü


0861_MW21_190508, 0861_MW37_190508,

0861_MW12_190508, 0861_MW307_190508,

0861_MW309_190508, 0861_MW41_190508

22-May-2019---- 14-May-2019----08-May-2019 ---- ü


0861_MW56S_190509, 0861_MW56D_190509,

0861_MW54S_190509, 0861_MW54D_190509,

0861_QC101_190509

23-May-2019---- 14-May-2019----09-May-2019 ---- ü


0861_MW34_190510, 0861_MW30_190510,

0861_MW31_190510, 0861_QC103_190510

24-May-2019---- 14-May-2019----10-May-2019 ---- ü

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Clear Plastic Bottle - Natural (ED041G)

0861_MW46_190506 03-Jun-2019---- 14-May-2019----06-May-2019 ---- üClear Plastic Bottle - Natural (ED041G)

0861_MW5_190507, 0861_MW26_190507,

0861_MW29_190507, 0861_MW28_190507,

0861_MW36_190507, 0861_MW44_190507,

0861_QC101_190507

04-Jun-2019---- 14-May-2019----07-May-2019 ---- ü


0861_MW21_190508, 0861_MW37_190508,

0861_MW12_190508, 0861_MW307_190508,

0861_MW309_190508, 0861_MW41_190508

05-Jun-2019---- 14-May-2019----08-May-2019 ---- ü


0861_MW56S_190509, 0861_MW56D_190509,

0861_MW54S_190509, 0861_MW54D_190509,

0861_QC101_190509

06-Jun-2019---- 14-May-2019----09-May-2019 ---- ü


0861_MW34_190510, 0861_MW30_190510,

0861_MW31_190510, 0861_QC103_190510

07-Jun-2019---- 14-May-2019----10-May-2019 ---- ü



0861_MW46_190506 03-Jun-2019---- 14-May-2019----06-May-2019 ---- üClear Plastic Bottle - Natural (ED045G)

0861_MW5_190507, 0861_MW26_190507,

0861_MW29_190507, 0861_MW28_190507,

0861_MW36_190507, 0861_MW44_190507,

0861_QC101_190507

04-Jun-2019---- 14-May-2019----07-May-2019 ---- ü


0861_MW21_190508, 0861_MW37_190508,

0861_MW12_190508, 0861_MW307_190508,

0861_MW309_190508, 0861_MW41_190508

05-Jun-2019---- 14-May-2019----08-May-2019 ---- ü


0861_MW56S_190509, 0861_MW56D_190509,

0861_MW54S_190509, 0861_MW54D_190509,

0861_QC101_190509

06-Jun-2019---- 14-May-2019----09-May-2019 ---- ü


0861_MW34_190510, 0861_MW30_190510,

0861_MW31_190510, 0861_QC103_190510

07-Jun-2019---- 14-May-2019----10-May-2019 ---- ü

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Clear Plastic Bottle - Natural (ED093F)

0861_MW46_190506 13-May-2019---- 14-May-2019----06-May-2019 ---- ûClear Plastic Bottle - Natural (ED093F)

0861_MW5_190507, 0861_MW26_190507,

0861_MW29_190507, 0861_MW28_190507,

0861_MW36_190507, 0861_MW44_190507,

0861_QC101_190507

14-May-2019---- 14-May-2019----07-May-2019 ---- ü


0861_MW21_190508, 0861_MW37_190508,

0861_MW12_190508, 0861_MW307_190508,

0861_MW309_190508, 0861_MW41_190508

15-May-2019---- 14-May-2019----08-May-2019 ---- ü


0861_MW56S_190509, 0861_MW56D_190509,

0861_MW54S_190509, 0861_MW54D_190509,

0861_QC101_190509

16-May-2019---- 14-May-2019----09-May-2019 ---- ü


0861_MW34_190510, 0861_MW30_190510,

0861_MW31_190510, 0861_QC103_190510

17-May-2019---- 14-May-2019----10-May-2019 ---- ü

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HDPE (no PTFE) (EP231X)

0861_QC302_190506 02-Nov-201902-Nov-2019 14-May-201914-May-201906-May-2019 ü üHDPE (no PTFE) (EP231X)

0861_MW46_190506 02-Nov-201902-Nov-2019 15-May-201915-May-201906-May-2019 ü üHDPE (no PTFE) (EP231X)

0861_QC302_190507, 0861_QC101_190507 03-Nov-201903-Nov-2019 14-May-201914-May-201907-May-2019 ü üHDPE (no PTFE) (EP231X)

0861_MW5_190507, 0861_MW26_190507,

0861_MW29_190507, 0861_MW28_190507,

0861_MW36_190507, 0861_MW44_190507

03-Nov-201903-Nov-2019 15-May-201915-May-201907-May-2019 ü ü



0861_MW21_190508, 0861_MW37_190508,

0861_MW12_190508, 0861_MW307_190508,

0861_MW309_190508, 0861_MW41_190508,

0861_MW20_190508, 0861_QC103_190508




0861_MW56S_190509, 0861_MW56D_190509,

0861_MW54S_190509, 0861_MW54D_190509




0861_MW34_190510, 0861_MW30_190510,

0861_MW31_190510


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0861_MW5_190507, 0861_MW26_190507,

0861_MW29_190507, 0861_MW28_190507,

0861_MW36_190507, 0861_MW44_190507




0861_MW21_190508, 0861_MW37_190508,

0861_MW12_190508, 0861_MW307_190508,

0861_MW309_190508, 0861_MW41_190508,

0861_MW20_190508, 0861_QC103_190508




0861_MW56S_190509, 0861_MW56D_190509,

0861_MW54S_190509, 0861_MW54D_190509




0861_MW34_190510, 0861_MW30_190510,

0861_MW31_190510


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0861_MW5_190507, 0861_MW26_190507,

0861_MW29_190507, 0861_MW28_190507,

0861_MW36_190507, 0861_MW44_190507




0861_MW21_190508, 0861_MW37_190508,

0861_MW12_190508, 0861_MW307_190508,

0861_MW309_190508, 0861_MW41_190508,

0861_MW20_190508, 0861_QC103_190508




0861_MW56S_190509, 0861_MW56D_190509,

0861_MW54S_190509, 0861_MW54D_190509




0861_MW34_190510, 0861_MW30_190510,

0861_MW31_190510


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0861_MW5_190507, 0861_MW26_190507,

0861_MW29_190507, 0861_MW28_190507,

0861_MW36_190507, 0861_MW44_190507




0861_MW21_190508, 0861_MW37_190508,

0861_MW12_190508, 0861_MW307_190508,

0861_MW309_190508, 0861_MW41_190508,

0861_MW20_190508, 0861_QC103_190508




0861_MW56S_190509, 0861_MW56D_190509,

0861_MW54S_190509, 0861_MW54D_190509




0861_MW34_190510, 0861_MW30_190510,

0861_MW31_190510


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EP231P: PFAS Sums





0861_MW5_190507, 0861_MW26_190507,

0861_MW29_190507, 0861_MW28_190507,

0861_MW36_190507, 0861_MW44_190507




0861_MW21_190508, 0861_MW37_190508,

0861_MW12_190508, 0861_MW307_190508,

0861_MW309_190508, 0861_MW41_190508,

0861_MW20_190508, 0861_QC103_190508




0861_MW56S_190509, 0861_MW56D_190509,

0861_MW54S_190509, 0861_MW54D_190509




0861_MW34_190510, 0861_MW30_190510,

0861_MW31_190510


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Quality Control Parameter Frequency ComplianceThe following report summarises the frequency of laboratory QC samples analysed within the analytical lot(s) in which the submitted sample(s) was(were) processed. Actual rate should be greater than or equal to

the expected rate. A listing of breaches is provided in the Summary of Outliers.

Matrix: WATER Evaluation: û = Quality Control frequency not within specification ; ü = Quality Control frequency within specification.

Quality Control SpecificationQuality Control Sample Type

ExpectedQC Regular Actual

Rate (%)Quality Control Sample Type CountEvaluationAnalytical Methods Method

Laboratory Duplicates (DUP)

NEPM 2013 B3 & ALS QC Standard 10.17 10.006 59 üAlkalinity by PC Titrator ED037-P

NEPM 2013 B3 & ALS QC Standard 12.90 10.004 31 üChloride by Discrete Analyser ED045G

NEPM 2013 B3 & ALS QC Standard 13.04 10.003 23 üMajor Cations - Dissolved ED093F

NEPM 2013 B3 & ALS QC Standard 12.24 10.006 49 üPer- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) by LCMSMS EP231X

NEPM 2013 B3 & ALS QC Standard 12.12 10.004 33 üSulfate (Turbidimetric) as SO4 2- by Discrete Analyser ED041G

NEPM 2013 B3 & ALS QC Standard 13.04 10.003 23 üTotal Dissolved Solids (High Level) EA015H

Laboratory Control Samples (LCS)

NEPM 2013 B3 & ALS QC Standard 5.08 5.003 59 üAlkalinity by PC Titrator ED037-P





Method Blanks (MB)


NEPM 2013 B3 & ALS QC Standard 8.70 5.002 23 üMajor Cations - Dissolved ED093F




Matrix Spikes (MS)




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Brief Method SummariesThe analytical procedures used by the Environmental Division have been developed from established internationally recognized procedures such as those published by the US EPA, APHA, AS and NEPM. In house

developed procedures are employed in the absence of documented standards or by client request. The following report provides brief descriptions of the analytical procedures employed for results reported in the

Certificate of Analysis. Sources from which ALS methods have been developed are provided within the Method Descriptions.

Analytical Methods Method DescriptionsMatrixMethod

In house: Referenced to APHA 2540C. A gravimetric procedure that determines the amount of `filterable` residue

in an aqueous sample. A well-mixed sample is filtered through a glass fibre filter (1.2um). The filtrate is

evaporated to dryness and dried to constant weight at 180+/-5C. This method is compliant with NEPM (2013)

Schedule B(3)

Total Dissolved Solids (High Level) EA015H WATER

In house: Referenced to APHA 2320 B This procedure determines alkalinity by automated measurement (e.g. PC

Titrate) using pH 4.5 for indicating the total alkalinity end-point. This method is compliant with NEPM (2013)

Schedule B(3)

Alkalinity by PC Titrator ED037-P WATER

In house: Referenced to APHA 4500-SO4. Dissolved sulfate is determined in a 0.45um filtered sample. Sulfate

ions are converted to a barium sulfate suspension in an acetic acid medium with barium chloride. Light

absorbance of the BaSO4 suspension is measured by a photometer and the SO4-2 concentration is determined

by comparison of the reading with a standard curve. This method is compliant with NEPM (2013) Schedule B(3)

Sulfate (Turbidimetric) as SO4 2- by

Discrete Analyser

ED041G WATER

In house: Referenced to APHA 4500 Cl - G.The thiocyanate ion is liberated from mercuric thiocyanate through

sequestration of mercury by the chloride ion to form non-ionised mercuric chloride.in the presence of ferric ions

the librated thiocynate forms highly-coloured ferric thiocynate which is measured at 480 nm APHA 21st edition

seal method 2 017-1-L april 2003

Chloride by Discrete Analyser ED045G WATER

In house: Referenced to APHA 3120 and 3125; USEPA SW 846 - 6010 and 6020; Cations are determined by

either ICP-AES or ICP-MS techniques. This method is compliant with NEPM (2013) Schedule B(3)

Sodium Adsorption Ratio is calculated from Ca, Mg and Na which determined by ALS in house method

QWI-EN/ED093F. This method is compliant with NEPM (2013) Schedule B(3)

Hardness parameters are calculated based on APHA 2340 B. This method is compliant with NEPM (2013)

Schedule B(3)

Major Cations - Dissolved ED093F WATER

In house: Referenced to APHA 1030F. This method is compliant with NEPM (2013) Schedule B(3)Ionic Balance by PCT DA and Turbi SO4

DA

EN055 - PG WATER

In house: Direct injection analysis of fresh waters after dilution (1:1) with methanol. Analysis by

LC-Electrospray-MS-MS, Negative Mode using MRM. Where commercially available, isotopically labelled

analogues of the target analytes are used as internal standards for quantification. Where a labelled analogue is

not commercially available, the internal standard with similar chemistry and the closest retention time to the

target is used for quantification. The DQO for internal standard response is 50-150% of that established at initial

calibration. PFOS is quantified using a certified, traceable standard consisting of linear and branched PFOS

isomers. This method complies with the quality control definitions as stated in QSM 5.1. Data is reviewed in line

with the DQOs as stated in QSM5.1

Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances

(PFAS) by LCMSMS

EP231X WATER

Preparation Methods Method DescriptionsMatrixMethod

Method presumes direct injection without workup. Preparation includes addition of internal standard and

surrogate, and filtration prior to anaylsis.

Preparation for PFAS in water. EP231-PR WATER

Envirolab Services Pty Ltd

ABN 37 112 535 645

12 Ashley St Chatswood NSW 2067

ph 02 9910 6200 fax 02 9910 6201

[email protected]

www.envirolab.com.au

CERTIFICATE OF ANALYSIS 217612

PO Box 5392, Chatswood, NSW, 1515Address

Thomas FrankAttention

CH2MHILLClient

Client Details

16/05/2019Date completed instructions received

16/05/2019Date samples received

2 Water, 1 SoilNumber of Samples

0861_QLD_PFASYour Reference

Sample Details

Please refer to the last page of this report for any comments relating to the results.

Results are reported on a dry weight basis for solids and on an as received basis for other matrices.

Samples were analysed as received from the client. Results relate specifically to the samples as received.

Please refer to the following pages for results, methodology summary and quality control data.

Analysis Details

Tests not covered by NATA are denoted with *Accredited for compliance with ISO/IEC 17025 - Testing.

NATA Accreditation Number 2901. This document shall not be reproduced except in full.

22/05/2019Date of Issue

23/05/2019Date results requested by

Report Details

Nancy Zhang, Laboratory Manager

Authorised By

Phalak Inthakesone, Organics Development Manager, Sydney

Results Approved By

Revision No: R00

217612Envirolab Reference: Page | 1 of 16

Client Reference: 0861_QLD_PFAS

9392%Extracted ISTD 13 C4 PFOS

10191%Extracted ISTD 18 O2 PFHxS

9994%Extracted ISTD 13 C3 PFBS

9388%Surrogate 13 C2 PFOA

96101%Surrogate 13 C8 PFOS

<0.02<0.02µg/LEtPerfluorooctanesulf- amid oacetic acid

<0.02<0.02µg/LMePerfluorooctanesulf- amid oacetic acid

<0.5<0.5µg/LN-Et perfluorooctanesulfonamid oethanol

<0.05<0.05µg/LN-Me perfluorooctanesulfonamid oethanol

<0.1<0.1µg/LN-Ethyl perfluorooctanesulfon amide

<0.05<0.05µg/LN-Methyl perfluorooctane sulfonamide

<0.1<0.1µg/LPerfluorooctane sulfonamide

<0.01<0.01µg/L10:2 FTS

<0.010.02µg/L8:2 FTS

<0.010.09µg/L6:2 FTS

<0.01<0.01µg/L4:2 FTS

<0.5<0.5µg/LPerfluorotetradecanoic acid

<0.1<0.1µg/LPerfluorotridecanoic acid

<0.05<0.05µg/LPerfluorododecanoic acid

<0.02<0.02µg/LPerfluoroundecanoic acid

<0.02<0.02µg/LPerfluorodecanoic acid

<0.010.01µg/LPerfluorononanoic acid

<0.010.75µg/LPerfluorooctanoic acid PFOA

<0.010.46µg/LPerfluoroheptanoic acid

<0.013.3µg/LPerfluorohexanoic acid

<0.020.73µg/LPerfluoropentanoic acid

<0.020.39µg/LPerfluorobutanoic acid

<0.02<0.02µg/LPerfluorodecanesulfonic acid

0.0211µg/LPerfluorooctanesulfonic acid PFOS

<0.010.65µg/LPerfluoroheptanesulfonic acid

<0.0115µg/LPerfluorohexanesulfonic acid - PFHxS

<0.012.1µg/LPerfluoropentanesulfonic acid

<0.011.9µg/LPerfluorobutanesulfonic acid

17/05/201917/05/2019-Date analysed

17/05/201917/05/2019-Date prepared

WaterWaterType of sample

09/05/201910/05/2019Date Sampled

0861_QC203_190508

0861_QC202_190508

UNITSYour Reference

217612-3217612-1Our Reference

PFAS in Waters Extended

Envirolab Reference: 217612

R00Revision No:

Page | 2 of 16


0.0236µg/LTotal Positive PFAS

0.0212µg/LTotal Positive PFOA & PFOS

0.0226µg/LTotal Positive PFHxS & PFOS

111141%Extracted ISTD d5 N EtFOSAA

114#%Extracted ISTD d3 N MeFOSAA

92102%Extracted ISTD d9 N EtFOSE

10296%Extracted ISTD d7 N MeFOSE

9296%Extracted ISTD d5 N EtFOSA

100101%Extracted ISTD d3 N MeFOSA

105111%Extracted ISTD 13 C8 FOSA

122146%Extracted ISTD 13 C2 8:2FTS



7287%Extracted ISTD 13 C2 PFTeDA

98102%Extracted ISTD 13 C2 PFDoDA

93117%Extracted ISTD 13 C2 PFUnDA

114105%Extracted ISTD 13 C2 PFDA

9799%Extracted ISTD 13 C5 PFNA

114114%Extracted ISTD 13 C4 PFOA

9990%Extracted ISTD 13 C4 PFHpA

10095%Extracted ISTD 13 C2 PFHxA

9495%Extracted ISTD 13 C3 PFPeA

8293%Extracted ISTD 13 C4 PFBA

WaterWaterType of sample

09/05/201910/05/2019Date Sampled

0861_QC203_190508

0861_QC202_190508

UNITSYour Reference

217612-3217612-1Our Reference

PFAS in Waters Extended


R00Revision No:

Page | 3 of 16


92%Extracted ISTD 13 C4 PFOS

100%Extracted ISTD 18 O2 PFHxS

111%Extracted ISTD 13 C3 PFBS

98%Surrogate 13 C2 PFOA

97%Surrogate 13 C8 PFOS

<1µg/kgEtPerfluorooctanesulf amid oacetic acid

<1µg/kgMePerfluorooctanesulf- amid oacetic acid

<10µg/kgN-Et perfluorooctanesulfonamid oethanol

<2µg/kgN-Me perfluorooctanesulfonamid oethanol

<2µg/kgN-Ethyl perfluorooctanesulfon amide

<2µg/kgN-Methyl perfluorooctane sulfonamide

<2µg/kgPerfluorooctane sulfonamide

<0.2µg/kg10:2 FTS

<0.2µg/kg8:2 FTS

<0.2µg/kg6:2 FTS

<0.2µg/kg4:2 FTS

<10µg/kgPerfluorotetradecanoic acid

<2µg/kgPerfluorotridecanoic acid

<2µg/kgPerfluorododecanoic acid

<1µg/kgPerfluoroundecanoic acid

<1µg/kgPerfluorodecanoic acid

<0.2µg/kgPerfluorononanoic acid

<0.2µg/kgPerfluorooctanoic acid PFOA

<0.2µg/kgPerfluoroheptanoic acid

<0.2µg/kgPerfluorohexanoic acid

<0.4µg/kgPerfluoropentanoic acid

<0.4µg/kgPerfluorobutanoic acid

<0.4µg/kgPerfluorodecanesulfonic acid

1.1µg/kgPerfluorooctanesulfonic acid PFOS

<0.2µg/kgPerfluoroheptanesulfonic acid

<0.2µg/kgPerfluorohexanesulfonic acid - PFHxS

<0.2µg/kgPerfluoropentanesulfonic acid

<0.2µg/kgPerfluorobutanesulfonic acid

17/05/2019-Date analysed

17/05/2019-Date prepared

SoilType of sample

07/05/2019Date Sampled

0861_QC203_190507

UNITSYour Reference

217612-2Our Reference

PFAS in Soils Extended


R00Revision No:

Page | 4 of 16


1.1µg/kgTotal Positive PFAS

1.1µg/kgTotal Positive PFOS & PFOA

1.1µg/kgTotal Positive PFHxS & PFOS

44%Extracted ISTD d5 N EtFOSAA

35%Extracted ISTD d3 N MeFOSAA

56%Extracted ISTD d9 N EtFOSE

71%Extracted ISTD d7 N MeFOSE

40%Extracted ISTD d5 N EtFOSA

57%Extracted ISTD d3 N MeFOSA

69%Extracted ISTD 13 C8 FOSA




41%Extracted ISTD 13 C2 PFTeDA

#%Extracted ISTD 13 C2 PFDoDA

47%Extracted ISTD 13 C2 PFUnDA

62%Extracted ISTD 13 C2 PFDA

73%Extracted ISTD 13 C5 PFNA

83%Extracted ISTD 13 C4 PFOA

94%Extracted ISTD 13 C4 PFHpA

91%Extracted ISTD 13 C2 PFHxA

88%Extracted ISTD 13 C3 PFPeA

95%Extracted ISTD 13 C4 PFBA

SoilType of sample


0861_QC203_190507

UNITSYour Reference


PFAS in Soils Extended


R00Revision No:

Page | 5 of 16


39%Moisture

20/05/2019-Date analysed

17/05/2019-Date prepared

SoilType of sample


0861_QC203_190507

UNITSYour Reference


Moisture


R00Revision No:

Page | 6 of 16


Soil samples are extracted with basified Methanol. Waters and soil extracts are directly injected and/or concentrated/extracted using SPE. Analysis is undertaken with LC-MS/MS. PFAS results include the sum of branched and linear isomers where applicable. Please note that PFAS results are corrected for Extracted Internal Standards (QSM 5.1 Table B-15 terminology), which are mass labelled analytes added prior to sample preparation to assess matrix effects and verify processing of the sample. PFAS analytes without a commercially available mass labelled analogue are corrected vs a closely eluting mass labelled PFAS compound. Surrogates are also reported, in this context they are mass labelled PFAS compounds added prior to extraction but are used as monitoring compounds only (not used for result correction). Envicarb (or similar) is used discretionally to remove interfering matrix components. Please contact the laboratory if estimates of Measurement Uncertainty are required as per WA DER.

Org-035

Moisture content determined by heating at 105+/-5 °C for a minimum of 12 hours.

Inorg-008

Methodology SummaryMethod ID


R00Revision No:

Page | 7 of 16


929038588198Org-035%Surrogate 13 C2 PFOA

1021024105101196Org-035%Surrogate 13 C8 PFOS

95920<0.02<0.021<0.02Org-0350.02µg/LEtPerfluorooctanesulf- amid oacetic acid

1041190<0.02<0.021<0.02Org-0350.02µg/LMePerfluorooctanesulf- amid oacetic acid

1091060<0.5<0.51<0.5Org-0350.5µg/LN-Et perfluorooctanesulfonamid oethanol

112930<0.05<0.051<0.05Org-0350.05µg/LN-Me perfluorooctanesulfonamid oethanol

1131070<0.1<0.11<0.1Org-0350.1µg/LN-Ethyl perfluorooctanesulfon amide

991100<0.05<0.051<0.05Org-0350.05µg/LN-Methyl perfluorooctane sulfonamide

1121010<0.1<0.11<0.1Org-0350.1µg/LPerfluorooctane sulfonamide

1111080<0.01<0.011<0.01Org-0350.01µg/L10:2 FTS

1019600.020.021<0.01Org-0350.01µg/L8:2 FTS

114107110.10.091<0.01Org-0350.01µg/L6:2 FTS

1051070<0.01<0.011<0.01Org-0350.01µg/L4:2 FTS

1101100<0.5<0.51<0.5Org-0350.5µg/LPerfluorotetradecanoic acid

1121170<0.1<0.11<0.1Org-0350.1µg/LPerfluorotridecanoic acid

1001030<0.05<0.051<0.05Org-0350.05µg/LPerfluorododecanoic acid

1211060<0.02<0.021<0.02Org-0350.02µg/LPerfluoroundecanoic acid

1101030<0.02<0.021<0.02Org-0350.02µg/LPerfluorodecanoic acid

10810100.010.011<0.01Org-0350.01µg/LPerfluorononanoic acid

9611670.700.751<0.01Org-0350.01µg/LPerfluorooctanoic acid PFOA

11111320.470.461<0.01Org-0350.01µg/LPerfluoroheptanoic acid

11611133.23.31<0.01Org-0350.01µg/LPerfluorohexanoic acid

11111310.740.731<0.02Org-0350.02µg/LPerfluoropentanoic acid

11511500.390.391<0.02Org-0350.02µg/LPerfluorobutanoic acid

96980<0.02<0.021<0.02Org-0350.02µg/LPerfluorodecanesulfonic acid

111110011111<0.01Org-0350.01µg/LPerfluorooctanesulfonic acid PFOS

11510780.600.651<0.01Org-0350.01µg/LPerfluoroheptanesulfonic acid

114100015151<0.01Org-0350.01µg/LPerfluorohexanesulfonic acid - PFHxS

10810752.22.11<0.01Org-0350.01µg/LPerfluoropentanesulfonic acid

11911052.01.91<0.01Org-0350.01µg/LPerfluorobutanesulfonic acid

17/05/201917/05/201917/05/201917/05/2019117/05/2019-Date analysed

17/05/201917/05/201917/05/201917/05/2019117/05/2019-Date prepared

217612-3LCS-W1RPDDup.Base#BlankMethodPQLUnitsTest Description

Spike Recovery %DuplicateQUALITY CONTROL: PFAS in Waters Extended


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9183410096170Org-035%Extracted ISTD d7 N MeFOSE

917339396173Org-035%Extracted ISTD d5 N EtFOSA

10178398101176Org-035%Extracted ISTD d3 N MeFOSA

96805106111175Org-035%Extracted ISTD 13 C8 FOSA

107962149146183Org-035%Extracted ISTD 13 C2 8:2FTS



857468287180Org-035%Extracted ISTD 13 C2 PFTeDA

10076597102185Org-035%Extracted ISTD 13 C2 PFDoDA

1068915101117170Org-035%Extracted ISTD 13 C2 PFUnDA

96851104105184Org-035%Extracted ISTD 13 C2 PFDA

10184210199178Org-035%Extracted ISTD 13 C5 PFNA

112903117114184Org-035%Extracted ISTD 13 C4 PFOA

985219190178Org-035%Extracted ISTD 13 C4 PFHpA

967309595175Org-035%Extracted ISTD 13 C2 PFHxA

905039295172Org-035%Extracted ISTD 13 C3 PFPeA

778319293174Org-035%Extracted ISTD 13 C4 PFBA

877579992172Org-035%Extracted ISTD 13 C4 PFOS

1027149591174Org-035%Extracted ISTD 18 O2 PFHxS

936619594176Org-035%Extracted ISTD 13 C3 PFBS




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108851143141183Org-035%Extracted ISTD d5 N EtFOSAA

12391##177Org-035%Extracted ISTD d3 N MeFOSAA

10082498102171Org-035%Extracted ISTD d9 N EtFOSE




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[NT]99[NT][NT][NT][NT]97Org-035%Surrogate 13 C2 PFOA

[NT]98[NT][NT][NT][NT]98Org-035%Surrogate 13 C8 PFOS

[NT]97[NT][NT][NT][NT]<0.2Org-0350.2µg/kgEtPerfluorooctanesulf amid oacetic acid

[NT]100[NT][NT][NT][NT]<0.2Org-0350.2µg/kgMePerfluorooctanesulf- amid oacetic acid

[NT]105[NT][NT][NT][NT]<5Org-0355µg/kgN-Et perfluorooctanesulfonamid oethanol

[NT]107[NT][NT][NT][NT]<1Org-0351µg/kgN-Me perfluorooctanesulfonamid oethanol

[NT]94[NT][NT][NT][NT]<1Org-0351µg/kgN-Ethyl perfluorooctanesulfon amide

[NT]99[NT][NT][NT][NT]<1Org-0351µg/kgN-Methyl perfluorooctane sulfonamide

[NT]108[NT][NT][NT][NT]<1Org-0351µg/kgPerfluorooctane sulfonamide

[NT]75[NT][NT][NT][NT]<0.1Org-0350.1µg/kg10:2 FTS




[NT]107[NT][NT][NT][NT]<5Org-0355µg/kgPerfluorotetradecanoic acid

[NT]87[NT][NT][NT][NT]<0.5Org-0350.5µg/kgPerfluorotridecanoic acid

[NT]95[NT][NT][NT][NT]<0.5Org-0350.5µg/kgPerfluorododecanoic acid

[NT]99[NT][NT][NT][NT]<0.5Org-0350.5µg/kgPerfluoroundecanoic acid

[NT]101[NT][NT][NT][NT]<0.5Org-0350.5µg/kgPerfluorodecanoic acid

[NT]92[NT][NT][NT][NT]<0.1Org-0350.1µg/kgPerfluorononanoic acid

[NT]95[NT][NT][NT][NT]<0.1Org-0350.1µg/kgPerfluorooctanoic acid PFOA

[NT]101[NT][NT][NT][NT]<0.1Org-0350.1µg/kgPerfluoroheptanoic acid

[NT]99[NT][NT][NT][NT]<0.1Org-0350.1µg/kgPerfluorohexanoic acid

[NT]100[NT][NT][NT][NT]<0.2Org-0350.2µg/kgPerfluoropentanoic acid

[NT]98[NT][NT][NT][NT]<0.2Org-0350.2µg/kgPerfluorobutanoic acid

[NT]104[NT][NT][NT][NT]<0.2Org-0350.2µg/kgPerfluorodecanesulfonic acid

[NT]95[NT][NT][NT][NT]<0.1Org-0350.1µg/kgPerfluorooctanesulfonic acid PFOS

[NT]95[NT][NT][NT][NT]<0.1Org-0350.1µg/kgPerfluoroheptanesulfonic acid

[NT]101[NT][NT][NT][NT]<0.1Org-0350.1µg/kgPerfluorohexanesulfonic acid - PFHxS

[NT]99[NT][NT][NT][NT]<0.1Org-0350.1µg/kgPerfluoropentanesulfonic acid

[NT]100[NT][NT][NT][NT]<0.1Org-0350.1µg/kgPerfluorobutanesulfonic acid

[NT]17/05/2019[NT][NT][NT][NT]17/05/2019-Date analysed

[NT]17/05/2019[NT][NT][NT][NT]17/05/2019-Date prepared

[NT]LCS-1RPDDup.Base#BlankMethodPQLUnitsTest Description

Spike Recovery %DuplicateQUALITY CONTROL: PFAS in Soils Extended


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[NT]101[NT][NT][NT][NT]107Org-035%Extracted ISTD d7 N MeFOSE

[NT]90[NT][NT][NT][NT]97Org-035%Extracted ISTD d5 N EtFOSA

[NT]90[NT][NT][NT][NT]92Org-035%Extracted ISTD d3 N MeFOSA

[NT]104[NT][NT][NT][NT]110Org-035%Extracted ISTD 13 C8 FOSA

[NT]102[NT][NT][NT][NT]100Org-035%Extracted ISTD 13 C2 8:2FTS



[NT]81[NT][NT][NT][NT]83Org-035%Extracted ISTD 13 C2 PFTeDA

[NT]85[NT][NT][NT][NT]88Org-035%Extracted ISTD 13 C2 PFDoDA

[NT]84[NT][NT][NT][NT]92Org-035%Extracted ISTD 13 C2 PFUnDA

[NT]94[NT][NT][NT][NT]95Org-035%Extracted ISTD 13 C2 PFDA

[NT]92[NT][NT][NT][NT]95Org-035%Extracted ISTD 13 C5 PFNA

[NT]93[NT][NT][NT][NT]95Org-035%Extracted ISTD 13 C4 PFOA

[NT]96[NT][NT][NT][NT]97Org-035%Extracted ISTD 13 C4 PFHpA

[NT]92[NT][NT][NT][NT]96Org-035%Extracted ISTD 13 C2 PFHxA

[NT]97[NT][NT][NT][NT]100Org-035%Extracted ISTD 13 C3 PFPeA

[NT]105[NT][NT][NT][NT]108Org-035%Extracted ISTD 13 C4 PFBA

[NT]108[NT][NT][NT][NT]110Org-035%Extracted ISTD 13 C4 PFOS

[NT]102[NT][NT][NT][NT]107Org-035%Extracted ISTD 18 O2 PFHxS

[NT]115[NT][NT][NT][NT]116Org-035%Extracted ISTD 13 C3 PFBS




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[NT]78[NT][NT][NT][NT]82Org-035%Extracted ISTD d5 N EtFOSAA

[NT]80[NT][NT][NT][NT]82Org-035%Extracted ISTD d3 N MeFOSAA

[NT]107[NT][NT][NT][NT]113Org-035%Extracted ISTD d9 N EtFOSE




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Not ReportedNR

National Environmental Protection MeasureNEPM

Not specifiedNS

Laboratory Control SampleLCS

Relative Percent DifferenceRPD

Greater than>

Less than<

Practical Quantitation LimitPQL

Insufficient sample for this testINS

Test not requiredNA

Not testedNT

Result Definitions

Australian Drinking Water Guidelines recommend that Thermotolerant Coliform, Faecal Enterococci, & E.Coli levels are less than1cfu/100mL. The recommended maximums are taken from "Australian Drinking Water Guidelines", published by NHMRC & ARMC2011.

Surrogates are known additions to each sample, blank, matrix spike and LCS in a batch, of compounds whichare similar to the analyte of interest, however are not expected to be found in real samples.

Surrogate Spike

This comprises either a standard reference material or a control matrix (such as a blank sand or water) fortifiedwith analytes representative of the analyte class. It is simply a check sample.

LCS (LaboratoryControl Sample)

A portion of the sample is spiked with a known concentration of target analyte. The purpose of the matrix spikeis to monitor the performance of the analytical method used and to determine whether matrix interferencesexist.

Matrix Spike

This is the complete duplicate analysis of a sample from the process batch. If possible, the sample selectedshould be one where the analyte concentration is easily measurable.

Duplicate

This is the component of the analytical signal which is not derived from the sample but from reagents,glassware etc, can be determined by processing solvents and reagents in exactly the same manner as forsamples.

Blank

Quality Control Definitions


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Measurement Uncertainty estimates are available for most tests upon request.

Where sampling dates are not provided, Envirolab are not in a position to comment on the validity of the analysis whererecommended technical holding times may have been breached.

When samples are received where certain analytes are outside of recommended technical holding times (THTs), the analysis hasproceeded. Where analytes are on the verge of breaching THTs, every effort will be made to analyse within the THT or as soon aspracticable.

In circumstances where no duplicate and/or sample spike has been reported at 1 in 10 and/or 1 in 20 samples respectively, thesample volume submitted was insufficient in order to satisfy laboratory QA/QC protocols.

Matrix Spikes, LCS and Surrogate recoveries: Generally 70-130% for inorganics/metals; 60-140% for organics (+/-50% surrogates)and 10-140% for labile SVOCs (including labile surrogates), ultra trace organics and speciated phenols is acceptable.

Duplicates: >10xPQL - RPD acceptance criteria will vary depending on the analytes and the analytical techniques but is typically inthe range 20%-50% – see ELN-P05 QA/QC tables for details; <10xPQL - RPD are higher as the results approach PQL and theestimated measurement uncertainty will statistically increase.

For VOCs in water samples, three vials are required for duplicate or spike analysis.

Spikes for Physical and Aggregate Tests are not applicable.

Filters, swabs, wipes, tubes and badges will not have duplicate data as the whole sample is generally extracted during sampleextraction.

Duplicate sample and matrix spike recoveries may not be reported on smaller jobs, however, were analysed at a frequency to meetor exceed NEPM requirements. All samples are tested in batches of 20. The duplicate sample RPD and matrix spike recoveries forthe batch were within the laboratory acceptance criteria.

Laboratory Acceptance Criteria


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PFAS_S_EXT1: The PQLs have been raised due to the high moisture content. For PFAS Extracted Internal Standards denoted with # or outside the 50-150% acceptance range, the respective target analyte results may be unaffected, in other circumstances the PQL has been raised to accommodate the outlier(s).

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