appium solution
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May 2, 2023
Automation for Mobile Apps - Appium solution
Author:Nael Abd Aljawad – QA Automation Technical Leader
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Mobile Automation Tools Comparison
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Appium drives iOS and Android apps using the WebDriver protocol. Appium is an open source test automation framework for use with
native, hybrid and mobile web apps.
Appium Solution
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What is it?
Native App – A native app is an app which is built for a specific platform using specific technologies like Xcode for iOS and Java for Android.
Hybrid App – A hybrid app is an app which uses native as well as web technologies to bring best of both worlds.
Html5 App – Html5 app is not installed on a phone. It runs on a browser and built using web technologies such that it is fully optimized for screen it runs on.
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Features Comparison
Feature Native Hybrid HTML5Performance Fast Controlled SlowMulti-touch/pinch Yes Yes NoDevice Access All Almost all Very fewSecure storage Yes Yes Shared/NoConnectivity Online/Offline Online/Offline Mostly OnlineRollout Slow/painful Slow/painful FastSecurity High Low LowBest for Games/low content Medium dynamic content High dynamic content
Tools Xcode, Eclipse Phonegap, Worklight Any web basedDistribution Downloaded to device
from AppStoreHosted on a Web server and accessed on a Web Browser
Downloaded to device from AppStore
Integration Supports integration with device features such as camera and address book
Doesn’t support integration with device components
Supports integration with device features such as camera and address book
Notifications Yes No Yes
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Market overview
Facebook moved away from HTML5 apps Twitter uses hybrid app approach A lot of ecommerce sites have HTML5 based mobile websites LinkedIn also recently moved to native app
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HTML5 vs. Hybrid vs. Native
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Appium Philosophy
Appium was designed to meet mobile automation needs according to a philosophy outlined by the following four tenets:1. You shouldn't have to recompile your app or modify it in any way in
order to automate it. you're testing the same app you're shipping2. You shouldn't be locked into a specific language or framework to write
and run your tests
3. A mobile automation framework shouldn't reinvent the wheel when it comes to automation APIs. extended the JSON protocol with extra API methods useful for mobile automation
4. A mobile automation framework should be open source, in spirit and practice as well as in name
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What is Appium ?
Appium is an HTTP server that creates and handles WebDriver sessions
Appium starts a “test case” on the device that spawns a server and listens for proxied commands
On Android, Appium proxies commands to a UiAutomator test case running on the device
On iOS Appium proxies commands to a UIAutomation script running in Instruments
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Client/Server Architecture
Receives connections from a client Listens for commands Executes the commands on a mobile device Responds with an HTTP response representing the result of the
command execution
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Selenium WebDriver
Script (C#,Java,Perl,Python,PHP)
Server written in node.js
IDEJSON WIRE Protocol via http
UIAutomator
request via USB
UIAutomation request via USB
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Appium Architecture
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Session
Session Object
Clients initiate a session with a server in ways specific to each library All libraries end up sending a POST /session request to the server,
with a JSON object called the 'desired capabilities' object the server will start up the automation session and respond with a
session ID which is used for sending further commands
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JSON
Desired capabilities tell the Appium server what kind of automation session we're interested in starting up
There are various capabilities which can modify the behavior of the server during automation (e.g. tell Appium that we want an iOS session, rather than an Android one)
Desired Capabilities
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AppiumServer
Appium Server
Appium is a server written in Node.js. It can be built and installed from source or installed directly from
NPM
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Appium Clients
There are client libraries (in Java, Ruby, Python, PHP, JavaScript, and C#) which support Appium's extensions to the WebDriver protocol. When using Appium, you want to use these client libraries instead of your regular WebDriver client.
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Appium on real iOS devices Appium has support for real device testing.
To get started on a real device, you will need the following:
An Apple Developer ID and a valid Developer Account with a configured distribution certificate and provisioning profile.
An iPad or iPhone. Make sure this has been set up for development in Xcode. See this article for more information.
A signed .ipa file of your app, or the source code to build one. A Mac with Xcode and the Xcode Command Line Developer Tools.
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Language Clients
Github Repo and Installation Instructions Language/Frameworkhttps://github.com/appium/ruby_lib Ruby
https://github.com/appium/python-client Python
https://github.com/appium/java-client Java
https://github.com/admc/wd JavaScript (Node.js)
https://github.com/appium/selenium-objective-c Objective C
https://github.com/appium/php-client PHP
https://github.com/appium/appium-dotnet-driver C# (.NET)
http://github.com/appium/perl-client Perl https://github.com/jollychang/robotframework-appiumlibrary
RobotFramework
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Appium GUI
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Requirements
IOS Mac OSX 10.7 XCode 4.5 Command Line Tools
Android Mac OSX 10.7 or Windows 7 or Linux Android SDK
Firefox Firefox OS Simulator
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Supported Platforms
IOS Android FirefoxOS Is it True ?!
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IOS
Versions: 6.0, 6.1, 7.0, 7.1, 8.0, and 8.1 Devices: iPhone Simulator, iPad Simulator, and real iPhones and
iPads Native app support: Yes Mobile web support: Yes, via automation of mobile Safari. Hybrid support: Yes. Support for automating multiple apps in one session: No Support for automating multiple devices simultaneously: No
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Android
Versions: 2.3 and up Devices: Android emulators and real Android devices Native app support: Yes Mobile web support: Yes Hybrid support: Yes Support for automating multiple apps in one session: Yes Support for automating multiple devices simultaneously: Yes
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Appium is a server written in Node.js. It can be built and installed from source or installed directly from
NPM
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SauceLabs
Automated testing in the cloud for CI. Provides the world’s largest cross-browser grid for executing
Selenium & Appium WebDriver tests
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SauceLabs – Username & Access Key
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SauceLabs - Setuppublic class AppiumDriverTest {
private AppiumDriver driver;
@Parameters({"username", "key", "os", "browser", "browserVersion"}) @BeforeMethod public void setUp(@Optional("nael_sl") String username, @Optional("e8ea754d-c8a0-488f-993c-15f583ab2179") String key, @Optional("mac") String os, @Optional("iphone") String browser, @Optional("5.0") String browserVersion, Method method) throws Exception {
// Choose the browser, version, and platform to test DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities(); capabilities.setBrowserName(browser); capabilities.setCapability("version", browserVersion); capabilities.setCapability("platform", Platform.valueOf(os)); capabilities.setCapability("name", method.getName()); // Create the connection to Sauce Labs to run the tests this.driver = new RemoteWebDriver(new URL("http://" + username + ":" + key + "@ondemand.saucelabs.com:80/wd/hub"),capabilities); }
@Test public void webDriver() throws Exception { // Make the browser get the page and check its title driver.get("http://www.amazon.com/"); assertEquals("Amazon.com: Online Shopping for Electronics, Apparel, Computers, Books, DVDs & more", driver.getTitle()); }
}
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AUTOMATED TEST CONFIGURATOR
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AUTOMATED TEST CONFIGURATOR
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AUTOMATED TEST CONFIGURATOR
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AUTOMATED TEST CONFIGURATOR
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AUTOMATED TEST CONFIGURATOR
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AUTOMATED TEST CONFIGURATOR
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AUTOMATED TEST CONFIGURATOR
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New Locator Strategies
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Webviews
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Capabilities
New capability structure - Will be adopted for Selenium 4 - platformName, platformVersion, deviceName, app - platformName, platformVersion, deviceName, browserName
autoWebview (Android) avdLaunchTimeout, avdReadyTimeout (Android) unicodeKeyboard (iOS) sendKeyStrategy
- “oneByOne”, “grouped”, “setValue”
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TouchActions
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MultiTouchActions
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Requirements - Java
JAVA IDE (Eclipse) Java JDK Maven Plugin for Eclipse Selenium WebDriver Dependencies/Appium Java-Client
Dependency (Maven) Android SDK TestNG/Junit Emulator/ Real Device Appium Server Node.js (If running appium from source) Mac OS X 10.7 or higher XCode >= 4.6.3 Apple Developer Tools (iPhone simulator SDK, command line tools) Homebrew Node and npm
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Configurations
Environment Variables & Path Settings JAVA_HOME ANDROID_HOME MAVEN_HOME
Android Platform Version 4.2+ must be installed
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Test Script Development
Create a maven project in Eclipse
Add dependency
<dependency> <groupId> io.appium </groupId> <artifactId> java-client </artifactId>
<version> 1.1.0 </version> </dependency>
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Test Script Development
public void setUp() throws Exception { File classpathRoot = new File(System.getProperty("user.dir")); File appDir = new File(classpathRoot, "../../../apps/"); File app = new File(appDir, "App_Name.apk"); DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities(); capabilities.setCapability("deviceName","Android"); capabilities.setCapability("browserName", ""); capabilities.setCapability("platformVersion", "4.4"); capabilities.setCapability("app", app.getAbsolutePath()); capabilities.setCapability("appPackage", “package_name "); capabilities.setCapability("appActivity", ".activity_name"); driver = new AppiumDriver(new
URL("http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub"), capabilities); }
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Java JDK
Download java JDK :www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk7-downloads-1880260.html
to add new variable and edit the path. right click on computer - > properties -> Advanced system settings -> Environment variablesAdd new variable : New : variable name : JAVA_HOME variable value : C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.7.0_79
Edit Path : ;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.7.0_79\bin
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Download Eclipse ( with TestNG & Maven)
www.eclipse.org Add TestNG plugin : Help -> install new software -> Add -> Name : TestNG
Location : http://beust.com/eclipse Add Maven : Help -> install new software -> Add -> Name : Maven Location : http://download.eclipse.org/technology/m2e/releases
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ADT Plugin
ADT Plugin ( Android Developer Tools) :
Help -> install new software -> Add -> Name : ADT Plugin Location : https://dl-ssl.google.com/android/eclipse/
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Android SDK
Android SDK ( Software Developer Kit) :developer.android.com/sdk/index.html
To add the location of the android sdk folder to eclipse :Window -> Preferences -> Android
SDK Location : the path of the android-sdks
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ANDROID_HOME
to add new variable and edit the path. right click on computer - > properties -> Advanced system settings -> Environment variablesAdd new variable : New : variable name : ANDROID_HOME variable value : path\android -sdks
Edit Path : ; path\android –sdks\platform-toolsEdit Path : ; path\android –sdks\tools
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Appium
Install Appium server : http://appium.io/downloads.html
Download Appium and Selenium jars from Maven repositories
Selenium : http://www.seleniumhq.org/download/Java-client : https://search.maven.org/#search%7Cga%7C1%7Cjava-client
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AndroidDriver driver=new AndroidDriver(new
URL("http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub"),cap );
File app = new File(appDir, “Rounds.apk");
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Inspect Elements
Native app : Android : uiautomatorviewer tool that is located in the android-sdks/tools.
IOS : Appium Inspector that is located with the appium server. Web & Hybrid apps :
Chrome://inspect/#devices
* In hybrid apps should pay attention to switch between drivers from native to web a vice versa.
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Scenario on Rounds App
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Inspectors
Android UIautomatorviewer / IOS UIautomation - A GUI tool to scan and analyze the UI components of an Android/IOS application.
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Drivers Relationship
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Web driver FW Design
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Appium Design
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Current FW
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Report
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Thank You Nael Abd Aljawad – QA Automation Technical Leader