APPLICATION AT THE ORGANIZATIONAL LEVEL

• Interorganizational Relations (IOR) Theory• Describes how organizations collaborate• Three networks

• Obligational• Promotional• Systemic

• CAAA established an informal obligational network• To address that some community organizations were not

environmentally focused

APPLICATION AT THE POLICY LEVEL

• Agenda-Building Theory• Emphasizes matching—identifying where an issue is on

the policy-making timeline• Three models

• Outside-initiative• Inside-initiative• Mobilization

• As of 2004, CAAA had held two community forums and met with local politicians to raise awareness about asthma-related exposures

APPLICATION AT THE COMMUNITY LEVEL

• Community organization (Review)• Three models

• Locality (community) development• Social planning• Social action

• Constructs• Empowerment, Community capacity, Participation,

Relevance, Issue selection, Critical consciousness

• Authors cite the use of Locality development and Social action in the intervention

ECOLOGICAL STRESS PROCESS MODEL FOR ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PROMOTION

• New model accounts for the fact that environmental health issues are complex and involve different stressors• Integrates both Ecological Model Framework and Stress

Process Model, in addition to other health behavior theories

• Stressors are environmental demands which influence “psychological and biological changes that may place persons at risk of disease”

SCT IOR Agenda-Building

HBM

Community organization

ECOLOGICAL STRESS MODEL

• Five categories of stressors• Ambient environment

• Direct stressor

• Major life events• Disrupt everyday activities

• Daily hassles• Chronic strains

• Due to sociocultural/socioeconomic factors

• Cataclysmic events• Environmental health experts respond to natural disasters

IMPLICATIONS OF THE ECOLOGICAL STRESS MODEL

• CESs (the outreach workers) worked with families to reduce stressors so that caregivers could focus on changing their behavior

• This is key: authors do not claim this model to be a one-size fits all• Relationship between individual and community is important

in environmental health• Cultural context is important

• We saw how effective tailoring can be in Health Communication

• Social injustice (race, socioeconomic status)• Linked to health status• Why procedural equity can be helpful

• Ex. Navajo nation and the failure to clean up uranium mines

SCT IOR Agenda-Building

HBM

Community organization

Are there other constructs that could fit into this model and be applicable in the CAAA intervention? Or, how might the model differ given another environmental health issue?

CONCLUSION

• For any health issue, no one theory or model will be sufficient enough to identify risk and protective factors or create an effective intervention. I’m convinced. Are you?

• Can you really pick and choose from different theories? Is this valid?

11

DECISIONS/INTENTIONS

SOCIAL SITUATION

BIOLOGY/PERSONALITY

THE THEORY OF TRIADIC INFLUENCE

ATTITUDESTOWARD THE

BEHAVIOR

SOCIALNORMATIVE

BELIEFS

Trial Behavior

EXPERIENCES: Expectancies -- Social Reinforcements -- Psychological/Physiological

SELF-EFFICACYBEHAVIORAL

CONTROL

Nurture/CulturalBiological/NatureIntrapersonal Stream Social/Normative Stream Cultural/Attitudinal Stream

Values/Evaluations

Knowledge/Expectancies

PerceivedNorms

Information/Opportunities

InterpersonalBonding

SocialCompetence

Interactions w/Social Instit’s

Others’Beh & Atts

Motivationto Comply

Skills:Social+General

Sense ofSelf/Control

SelfDetermination

1 2 3

7 8 9 10 11 12

13 14 15 16 17 18

l

4 5 6

19 20 21

22

23

DistalInfluences

ProximalPredictors

Levels ofCausation

UltimateCauses

Social/Personal Nexus

Expectancies & Evaluations

Affect andCognitions

Decisions

Experiences

a

b c d e

f

g h i

jk m n

o

p q r

s

t u v w

x

Related BehaviorsJ

K

CF

IB E HA D G

CULTURALENVIRONMENT

THANK YOU!