applications in geomorphology
DESCRIPTION
Applications in Geomorphology. Applications in Geomorphology: Mass Movements. Mudflow causing trees to fall and lean. Effects of geomorphic processes on tree growth. Digging out a tree buried by adjacent hillside erosion, Milledgeville, central Georgia. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Applications in Geomorphology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/568138f6550346895da0ac86/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Applications in GeomorphologyApplications in Geomorphology
![Page 2: Applications in Geomorphology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/568138f6550346895da0ac86/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Applications in Geomorphology:Mass Movements
Effects of geomorphic processes on tree growth
Mudflow causing trees to fall and lean.
Digging out a tree buried by adjacent hillside erosion, Milledgeville, central Georgia.
![Page 3: Applications in Geomorphology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/568138f6550346895da0ac86/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Applications in Geomorphology:Mass Movements
Impact Scars can be dated.
![Page 4: Applications in Geomorphology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/568138f6550346895da0ac86/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Applications in Geomorphology:Mass Movements
Impact Scars can be dated.
Debris flow!
![Page 5: Applications in Geomorphology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/568138f6550346895da0ac86/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Applications in Geomorphology:Mass Movements
Impact Scars can be dated.
![Page 6: Applications in Geomorphology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/568138f6550346895da0ac86/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Applications in Geomorphology:Mass Movements
Effects of a snow avalanche on a white spruce.
Impact Scars can be dated.
Impact scars from ice flows/jams.
![Page 7: Applications in Geomorphology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/568138f6550346895da0ac86/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Applications in Geomorphology:Mass Movements
Impact Scars can be dated.
A. Through the scar itselfB. Through the buried scarC. Through the scar/nonscar interface and reaction woodD. Through the back of the tree = reference
![Page 8: Applications in Geomorphology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/568138f6550346895da0ac86/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Applications in Geomorphology:Mass Movements
Impact Scars can be dated.
![Page 9: Applications in Geomorphology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/568138f6550346895da0ac86/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: Applications in Geomorphology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/568138f6550346895da0ac86/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Reaction wood:
Conifers form compression wood in response to leaning and flagging.
Deciduous trees form tension wood in response to leaning.
Applications in Geomorphology:Mass Movements
![Page 11: Applications in Geomorphology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/568138f6550346895da0ac86/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Applications in Geomorphology:Mass Movements
Hardwoods PULL
Conifers PUSH
![Page 12: Applications in Geomorphology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/568138f6550346895da0ac86/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
![Page 13: Applications in Geomorphology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/568138f6550346895da0ac86/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Applications in Geomorphology:Mass Movements
![Page 14: Applications in Geomorphology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/568138f6550346895da0ac86/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Applications in Geomorphology:Mass Movements
![Page 15: Applications in Geomorphology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/568138f6550346895da0ac86/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Tree stumps buried by the White River tephra, ca. AD 820, Yukon, Canada
Applications in Geomorphology: Volcanology
![Page 16: Applications in Geomorphology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/568138f6550346895da0ac86/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Applications in Geomorphology: Volcanology
Kamenskaya valley, Shiveluch volcano, Kamchatka. Carbonized wood buried in situ in the pyroclastic deposits
![Page 17: Applications in Geomorphology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/568138f6550346895da0ac86/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Applications in Geomorphology: Volcanology
![Page 18: Applications in Geomorphology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/568138f6550346895da0ac86/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Applications in Geomorphology: Volcanology
Suppressed growth beginning in 1788
![Page 19: Applications in Geomorphology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/568138f6550346895da0ac86/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Applications in Geomorphology: Volcanology
![Page 20: Applications in Geomorphology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/568138f6550346895da0ac86/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Effects of global-scale cooling caused by a volcanic eruption in AD 536, as seen in a Siberian pine from Mongolia. Which is the frost ring?
Applications in Geomorphology: Volcanology
![Page 21: Applications in Geomorphology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/568138f6550346895da0ac86/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Effects of global-scale cooling caused by a volcanic eruption ca. 1627 BC, as seen in a bristlecone pine. Which is the frost ring?
Applications in Geomorphology: Volcanology
![Page 22: Applications in Geomorphology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/568138f6550346895da0ac86/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Applications in Geomorphology: Volcanology
![Page 23: Applications in Geomorphology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/568138f6550346895da0ac86/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Applications in Geomorphology: Volcanology
Effects of global-scale cooling caused by the eruption of Huaynapatina in Peru in 1600, as seen in whitebark pine from Montana. Which is the frost ring?
![Page 24: Applications in Geomorphology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/568138f6550346895da0ac86/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Applications in Geomorphology: Seismology
Three lines of evidence:
(1) Physical damage
![Page 25: Applications in Geomorphology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/568138f6550346895da0ac86/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Applications in Geomorphology: Seismology
Three lines of evidence:
2. Mortality due to submergence
![Page 26: Applications in Geomorphology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/568138f6550346895da0ac86/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Applications in Geomorphology: Seismology
In this pine sample from Arkansas, the earthquake of 1811-1812 can be seen as an increase in ring widths and change in latewood appearance.
Three lines of evidence:
3. Change in hydrologic regime
![Page 27: Applications in Geomorphology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/568138f6550346895da0ac86/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Applications in Geomorphology: Seismology
In this baldcypress sample from Arkansas, the earthquake of 1811-1812 can be seen as a major growth reduction due to the changing hydrologic regime.
![Page 28: Applications in Geomorphology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/568138f6550346895da0ac86/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Applications in Geomorphology: Seismology
Notice! Growth changes not seen so much in the master chronology, right? (Why not?) But when you begin to look at individual trees to the right…
![Page 29: Applications in Geomorphology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/568138f6550346895da0ac86/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Lituya Bay tsunami evidence from tree rings. This section was cut in 1953 from a spruce tree growing in Lituya Bay, Alaska, USA, just above an area damaged by a giant wave that hit the area in 1853-1854.
Applications in Geomorphology: Tsunami
![Page 30: Applications in Geomorphology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/568138f6550346895da0ac86/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Applications in Geomorphology: Tsunami
Jacoby et al. 1997. Tree-ring evidence for an A.D. 1700 Cascadia earthquake in Washington and northern Oregon. Geology 25(11): 999-1002.
![Page 31: Applications in Geomorphology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/568138f6550346895da0ac86/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Applications in Geomorphology: Hydrology
![Page 32: Applications in Geomorphology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/568138f6550346895da0ac86/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Effects of a 1945 flood on growth of a ponderosa pine, Pine Canyon, Chiricahua Mountains, Arizona.
Applications in Geomorphology: Hydrology
![Page 33: Applications in Geomorphology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/568138f6550346895da0ac86/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Applications in Geomorphology: Hydrology
![Page 34: Applications in Geomorphology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/568138f6550346895da0ac86/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Applications in Geomorphology: Hydrology
Changes in hydrologic properties of an area.
![Page 35: Applications in Geomorphology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/568138f6550346895da0ac86/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Bank erosion causing conifer trees to lean along the Sheepscot River in Maine.
![Page 36: Applications in Geomorphology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/568138f6550346895da0ac86/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Applications in Geomorphology: Hydrology
1. Reference data set 6. Establishment dates on most recent terrace
2. Buried wood inside former floodplain (C14) 7. Leaning trees give establishment dates
3. Intact stems on older floodplain and dates of reaction wood
4. Intact stems on more recent floodplain
5. Establishment dates on recent terrace
![Page 37: Applications in Geomorphology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/568138f6550346895da0ac86/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Applications in Geomorphology: Hydrology
Flood rings
![Page 38: Applications in Geomorphology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/568138f6550346895da0ac86/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Applications in Geomorphology: Glaciology
![Page 39: Applications in Geomorphology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/568138f6550346895da0ac86/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
A. Radiocarbon dates
Applications in Geomorphology: Glaciology
![Page 40: Applications in Geomorphology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/568138f6550346895da0ac86/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
B. Tree-ring datesof glacial advances (death dates of trees)
Applications in Geomorphology: Glaciology
![Page 41: Applications in Geomorphology](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062517/568138f6550346895da0ac86/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Tree-ring dated moraines
Applications in Geomorphology: Glaciology