applications of deb theory
DESCRIPTION
Applications of DEB theory. Bas Kooijman Dept theoretical biology Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [email protected] http://www.bio.vu.nl/thb. Iraklion, 2010/05/12. Contents. Very short outline of standard DEB model Reconstruction of food/temperature trajectories - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Applications of DEB theory Bas Kooijman
Dept theoretical biologyVrije Universiteit Amsterdam
[email protected]://www.bio.vu.nl/thb
Iraklion, 2010/05/12
Contents
• Very short outline of standard DEB model• Reconstruction of food/temperature trajectories• Identification of mode of action of toxicants• Prediction of tumour growth
as affected by caloric restriction• Optimisation of bioproduction
yield of microbial biomass
prediction of spawning by pacific oysters
1- maturitymaintenance
maturityoffspring
maturationreproduction
Standard DEB model
food faecesassimilation
reserve
feeding defecation
structurestructure
somaticmaintenance
growth
time: searching & handlingfeeding surface areaweak & strong homeostasisκ-rule for allocation to somamaintenance has priority somatic maint structure maturity maint maturitystage transition: maturation embryo: no feeding, reprod juvenile: no reproduction adult: no maturationmaternal effect: reserve density at birth equals that of motherinitially: zero structure, maturity
1 food type, 1 reserve, 1 structure, isomorph
Food intake from weights
age, d age, d
wei
ght1/
3 , g
1/3
wei
ght1/
3 , g
1/3
Small-bodied pinguins synchronise breeding with food peak and grow von BertalanffyLarge-bodied pinguins: fit spline through weights reconstruct food intake, given DEB parameters
Pygoscelis adelidae Aptenodytes forsteri
food intake, cm2
Kooijman 1993Cambridge Univ Press
Arrhenius relationship
103/T, K-1
ln p
op g
row
th r
ate,
h-1
103/TH 103/TL
Escherichia coli
Arrhenius
Kooijman 2000Cambridge Univ Press
age, d
Body temperature from weights
age, d
wei
ght1/
3 , g
1/3
wei
ght1/
3 , g
1/3
fit generalised logistic growth through weights assume abudant food reconstruct body temperature, given DEB parameters and Arrhenius relationship
Catharacta skuaFurness 1987
Uria aalgeMahoney & Trelfall 1981
body temperature, °C
body temperature, °C
Kooijman 1993Cambridge Univ Press
Food density from reproduction Eggs in brood pouches of Daphnia hyalina were counted in weekly hauls in 4 mesocosms by Stella Berger (München) and eggs and body length are measured
Given DEB parameters for D. hyalina scaled functional response can be estimated as functions of time based on assumptions:• functional response is constant during a week and individuals are in pseudo-equilibrium• all individuals have equal parameters but experience different food densities (estimate is individual-specific for each time point) or individuals differ in parameters but experience the same food density
DEB elements:• handling rules for reproduction buffer comply to the molting cycle• maternal effect: reserve density at birth equals that of the mother at egg formation• eggs grow in volume during incubation due to uptake of water
Kooijman 2010Cambridge Univ Press
Food density from reproduction
f f
week week
initi
al e
gg
vo
lum
e, m
m3
sca
led
fun
ctio
na
l re
sp, f
food different for each ind food the same for ind in one haul
Analysis of otolith data
Fablet et al 2010, in prep
North Sea cod Barents Sea cod
obse
rved
sim
ulat
ed
Otolith formation: organic matrix (OM) has contributions from dissipation and growth CaCO3 is stoichiometrically coupled in a temperature-dependent way opacity reflects the CaCO3-OM ratio
Gadus morhua
Analysis of otolith data
simulated scenario’s
April 15
† May 1
checks
Fablet et al 2010, in prep
Food & temperature reconstruction from otolith data
observedfitted
fitted if food constant
Direct observation: feeding was low for low and high temperatures
Fablet et al 2010, in prep
Increase in maintenance costs
time
cum
ula
tive
off
spri
ng
time
bo
dy
len
gth
TPT
Jager et al (2004)
Environ Sci Technol 38: 2894-2900
Folsomia candidaTri-Phenyl-Tin
Increase in cost for offspring
time
cum
ula
tive
off
spri
ng
time
bo
dy
len
gth
Chlorpyrifos
Jager et al (2007)
Environ Pollut 145: 452-458
Folsomia candida
Increase in cost for structure
time
bo
dy
len
gth
time
cum
ula
tive
off
spri
ng Pentachlorobenzene
Alda Álvarez et al (2006)
Environ Sci Technol 40:2478-2484
Caenorhabditis elegans
Interaction Cu,Cd, Pb, Zn: Cu & Pb: slightly antagonistic Other combinations: nill
Folsomia candida
Cd & Cu survival of Folsomia
Baas et al 2007Eviron Tox Chem 26: 1320-1327
Tumour Growth: workload allocation
If tumour induction occurs late, tumours grows slower
Growth curve of tumour depends on pars no maximum size is assumed a priori
Van Leeuwen et al 2003Brit J Cancer 89: 2254-2263
Yield vs growth
1/spec growth rate, h
1/yi
eld,
mm
ol g
luco
se/
mg
cells
Streptococcus bovis, Russell & Baldwin (1979)
Marr-Pirt (no reserve)DEB
spec growth rate
yield
Russell & Cook (1995): this is evidence for down-regulation of maintenance at high growth ratesDEB theory: high reserve density gives high growth rates structure requires maintenance, reserves do not
Kooijman & Troost 2007Biol Rev 82: 1-30
Growth & reprod in Crassostrea gigas
Bay of Arcachon
DEB curves based on- measured temperature- measured chlorophyll- known DEB parameters
Spawings (jumps in weight) correctly predicted on the basis of temp trigger
Pouvreau et al 2006J Sea Res 56: 156-167
DEB tele course 2011http://www.bio.vu.nl/thb/deb/
Course is free of financial costs; some 100 h effort
Program for 2011: Feb/Mar general theory (5w) 13-15 April course + symposium in Lisbon (2w + 3 d) Target audience: PhD students
We encourage participation in groups who organize local meetings weekly
Software package DEBtool for Octave/ Matlab freely downloadable
Slides of this presentation are downloadable from http://www.bio.vu.nl/thb/users/bas/lectures/
Cambridge Univ Press 2009
Audience: thank you for your attention