APPRECIATION OF MECHNICAL ENGINEERING IN CIVIL ENGINEERING

INTRODUCTION It is a common fact that we find a wide verity of

construction machines on every construction site, which makes the construction job easy, safe and quick.

Depending on the application, construction machines are classified in various categories, which are discussing here

1. Earthmoving equipment's2. Construction vehicles3. Material handling equipment's4. Construction equipment's

EARTHMOVEING EQUPMENTS

Earthmoving equipment is used in the construction industry to :

- shift large amounts of earth, - dig foundations and landscape areas. Types of earthmoving equipment includeo Mini Excavatoro Industrial Excavatorso Wheel Loadero Bulldozers

Excavator

Excavators are heavy construction equipment consisting of a boom, stick, bucket and cab on a rotating platform (known as the "house").

The house sits atop an undercarriage with tracks or wheels.

Excavators are also called diggers Excavators are used in many ways:o Digging of trenches, holes, foundationso Material handlingo Brush cutting with hydraulic

attachmentso Forestry worko Demolitiono General grading/landscaping

Loaders

A loader is a heavy equipment machine often used in construction, primarily used to Load material (such as asphalt, demolition debris, dirt, snow, feed, gravel, logs, raw minerals, recycled material, rock, sand, and woodchips) into or onto another type of machinery (such as a dump truck, conveyor belt, feed-hopper, or railcar).

Bulldozers

A bulldozer is a crawler (continuous tracked tractor) equipped with a substantial metal plate (known as a blade) used to push large quantities of soil, sand, rubble, or other such material during construction or conversion work and typically equipped at the rear with a claw-like device (known as a ripper) to loosen densely-compacted materials.

CONSTRUCTION VEHICLES

Engineering or Construction vehicles are heavy-duty vehicles, specially designed for executing construction (Civil engineering) tasks, most frequently, ones involving earth moving.

Type of construction vehicles includeo Dumpero Tankero Tippero Trailer

Dumpers A dumper is a vehicle designed for

carrying bulk material, often on building sites. Dumpers are distinguished from dump trucks by configuration: a dumper is usually an open 4-wheeled vehicle with the load skip in front of the driver, while a dump truck has its cab in front of the load.

The skip can tip to dump the load; this is where the name "dumper" comes from. They are normally diesel powered. A towing eye is fitted for secondary use as a site tractor. Modern dumpers have payloads of up to 10 tones and usually steer by articulating at the middle of the chassis.

Tippers A truck or lorry the rear platform

of which can be raised at the front end to enable the load to be discharged by gravity also called tip truck.

Tippers are suited for the rough and tumble of mining & quarrying operations, as well as for carrying bulk loads in construction and infrastructure industries. Complete maneuverability, high performance and long-term endurance are common to all trucks, resulting in lower operating costs.

Trailers A trailer is generally an

unpowered vehicle pulled by a powered vehicle.

Commonly, the term trailer refers to such vehicles used for transport of goods and materials.

Material handling equipments

Type of material handling equipments includeo Craneso Conveyorso Forklifts

Cranes A crane is a type of machine,

generally equipped with a hoist, wire ropes or chains, and sheaves, that can be used both to lift and lower materials and to move them horizontally. It is mainly used for lifting heavy things and transporting them to other places.

It uses one or more simple machines to create mechanical advantage and thus move loads beyond the normal capability of a man. Cranes are commonly employed in the transport industry for the loading and unloading of freight, in the construction industry for the movement of materials and in the manufacturing industry for the assembling of heavy equipment.

Construction Equipment's

Type of construction equipment includeo Tunneling equipmento Concrete mixerso Compactorso Road rollers

Tunneling equipment

A tunnel boring machine (TBM) also known as a "mole", is a machine used to excavate tunnels with a circular cross section through a variety of soil and rock strata. They can bore through anything from hard rock to sand. Tunnel diameters can range from a meter (done with micro-TBMs) to 19.25 m to date. Tunnels of less than a meter or so in diameter are typically done using trenchless construction methods or horizontal directional drilling rather than TBMs.

Concrete mixers

A concrete mixer (also commonly called a cement mixer) is a device that homogeneously combines cement, aggregate such as sand or gravel, and water to form concrete. A typical concrete mixer uses a revolving drum to mix the components. For smaller volume works portable concrete mixers are often used so that the concrete can be made at the construction site, giving the workers ample time to use the concrete before it hardens.

Concrete mixers

Special concrete transport trucks (in–transit mixers) are made to transport and mix concrete up to the construction site. They can be charged with dry materials and water, with the mixing occurring during transport. With this process, the material has already been mixing. The concrete mixing transport truck maintains the material's liquid state through agitation, or turning of the drum, until delivery.

Compactors

A compactor is a machine or mechanism used to reduce the size of waste material or soil through compaction.

In construction, there are three main types of compactor: the plate compactor, the "Jumping Jack" and the road roller. The roller type compactors are used for compacting crushed rock as the base layer underneath concrete or stone foundations or slabs.

Road rollers

A road roller (sometimes called a roller-compactor, or just roller) is a compactor type engineering vehicle used to compact soil, gravel, concrete, or asphalt in the construction of roads and foundations, similar rollers are used also at landfills or in agriculture.

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