appropriate rainfed crops, cropping systems and farming systems for different agro-eco sub-regions...

8/8/2019 Appropriate Rainfed Crops, Cropping Systems and Farming Systems for Different Agro-eco Sub-regions of Andhra Pradesh

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Distribution of rainfall (mm)

780800

610645

600

700

389400

500

SWM

217 205200

300

0

100

Coastal Telangana Rayalseema AP

2004 2


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Area irrigated source wise (lakh ha) 2000-2001

District Net area irrigated by Total Area

irrigat

Gross

area

morethan

edwells

wells

sources

once

Coastal

Andhra

12.24 4.01 3.41 1.31 1.23 22.21 6.74 28.96

Rayalas

eema

1.24 0.55 2.61 1.68 0.13 6.23 1.54 7.78

na. . . . . . . .

A.P 16.49 7.26 10.66 8.87 1.97 45.27 13.88 59.16

2004 3


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Per cent change in area of different crops in different regions of

Andhra Pradesh (1999-2000 over 1955-56)

Coastal Andhra Rayalaseema Telangana

Area 1955- % change

-

Area 1955- % change

-

Area 1955- % change

-

ha)

ha)

ha)Total food

rains

32.43 2.5 21.46 -190.8 35.35 -12.9

Rice 16.6 213.3 2.77 4.2 7.85 75.8

Maize 0.075 616.3 - 98.1 1.82 116.5. - . . - . . - .

Bajra 1.98 -76.0 2.39 -879.0 2.14 -79.2

Ragi 1.22 -53.3 1.35 -66.7 0.62 -64.3

Pulses 3.79 103.9 2.30 -10.2 7.09 -6.0

Cotton 0.33 626.4 2.70 -91.6 1.06 540.0

Sugarcane 0.36 251.0 0.13 97.1 0.21 1880

Oilseeds 3.50 2.2 6.64 57.4 9.80 -29.5

Source : Directorate of Economics and Statistics, A.P.2004 4


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Crop wise area irrigated in Andhra Pradesh,

-Crops Region Total Cropped

area

oasta aya aseema e angana

Rice 2272816 303227 1464644 4040687 4243000

Jowar 710 16959 7543 25212 677000

Bajra 14476 8792 8809 32077 130000

Maize 30188 4465 126697 161350 527000

Ragi 10886 12423 1547 24856 99000

Small

millets

- 254 - 254 55000

ota

cereals2004 5


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Area, production and productivity of crops in

-,

Sl. Cro Re ion Area Prod. Productivit

No. (000 ha) 000t y t/ha

.

Rayalaseema

Telan ana

312

1548

883

4418

.

2.83

2.85

AP 4243 12459 2.94

2. Jowar Coastal AP 16 10 0.64

Rayalaseema

Telangana

129

532

169

827

1.31

0.44

AP 677 914 0.62

2004 6


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Cropping systems in different zones of Andhra Pradesh

(Area 000 ha) 1999-2000

one s r c rea

ha)

a or crops ropp ng sys ems

Krishna Godavari 3037 Rice (52), Cotton (6), Chillies Rice (20), Rice (16)

,

Guntur, East & WestGodavari)

, ,

& Maize (1)

,

North Coastal zone 3037 Rice 33 Groundnut 11 Rice 31 Rice 1

(Srikakulam,

Vijayanagaram,

Visakhapatnam)

Ragi (4), Bajra (2), Til (2),

Sugarcane (2), Cotton (1)

Rice (1), Groundnut

(11)

Southern zone

(Cuddapah, Nellore,

Chittoor)

1235 Rice (27), Groun-dnut (32),

Sugar-

Cane (2), Cotton (2),

Rice (5), Rice (11)

Rice (11), Groundnut

(32)

Bengalgram (2)

Contd2004 8


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Start of cropping season based on

de endable rainfallReg i on M o n th

T e l a n g a n a

a) N or ther n Te l angan a

4 th w e e k o f J u n e

b) Sou ther n Te l angan a

E n d o f J u n e

Coas t a l

a) N or th coas ta l

b) So uth coas ta l

3 rd w e e k o f J u n e

E n d o f J u ly

2004 10


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Crop Strategies

Encouraging traditional food crops. Sowin the cro s with earl showers and

irrigating whenever water is available

Ex lorin medicinal and aromatic lants

Adoption of farming systems approachDair & Poultr

Cropping systems approach in relation toSoil and season

2004 11


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Suggested crops for black soils on conserved

Crop Time of sowing

Safflower September

Maghi Jowar SeptemberBengal gram September / October

Sunflower September / October

Coriander October

2004 12


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Crops and cropping systems for rainfed areas in Andhra Pradesh

Zone Soil type Kharif RabiKrishna

Godavari zone

Krishna

Light

soils

Bajra, ragi, maize, redgram,

cowpea, groundnut, castor,

reen ram black ram fodder

-

Guntur, East &West Godavari) jowarMedium Rainfed rice, Maize, ragi, Coriander,

soils

, ,

soybean, redgram, chillies,

greengram, sunflower, cotton,

fodder owar

,

sunflower, jowar,

vegetables, fodder

owar

North Coastal

zone

Light

soils

Bajra, ragi, maize, jowar,

mesta, redgram, cowpea,

reen ram black ram maize

-

,

Vijayanagaram

, Visakha

atnam

vegetables, fodder jowar

Medium Rainfed rice, maize, bajra, Greengram,

soils soybean, redgram,greengram,

chillies, cotton, mesta, fodderowar

horsegram, tomato,

sesame2004 13


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Southern zone

Cudda ah

Light soils Bajra, ragi, redgram, jowar,

greengram, blackgram,

-

Nellore, Chittoor) groundnut, bajra

+ redgram,

groundnut+redgram, castor,

owar, sunflower, fodder

jowar

Medium to Redgram, castor, sunflower, Bengalgram,

heavy soils jowar, cotton, fodder jowar coriander

North Telangana Light soils Maize, owar, bajra, -Zone (Adilabad,

Karimnagar,

Nizamabad,

redgram, bajra + redgram,

blackgram, greengram,

sunflower, fodder jowar,

Warangal andMedak) Medium to

heavy soils

Maize, ragi, cotton, chillies,

soybean, sunflower

Safflower,

bengalgram,

,

coriander

2004 14


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Southern

Telangana zone

Light

soils

Jowar, bajra, ragi, maize,

redgram, greengram,

-

a a oo nagar,

Nalgonda,

Sangareddy)

, ,

Medium

to heavy

Bajra, ragi, maize,

sunflower, castor, redgram,

Bengalgram,

safflower, jowar,

,

Scarce rainfall

zone

Light

soils

Korra, bajra, jowar, castor,

onion, sunflower, redgram,

-

(Kurnool,

Ananthapur,

Prakasam)

fodder owar

Medium

to heavy

Bajra, maize, redgram,

castor, soybean, gingelly,

Coriander,

bengalgram,

soils cotton sunflower, jowar.

High altitude Light Bajra, ragi, maize, redgram,

r a area(Srikakulam,

Viajayanagaram,

so s ac gram, ra n e r ce

sa apa nam,

East Godavari and

Khammam)2004 15


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Source wise net area irrigated in Andhra

Sl.No. Year Canals Tanks Dugwe Tubew Others Total

lls ells

1. 1955-

56

12.92 10.68 2.84 - 1.03 27.47

2. 2000- 16.49 7.27 8.88 10.66 1.97 45.27

Source : Directorate of Economics and Statistics, A.P2004 16


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Reasons for reduction in tankirrigated area

Lower runoff causing rains Increased cro ed area

Lack of catchments treatment

Excessive round water ex loitation

Indiscriminate watershed works in catchment

areas

Improper desilting works

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Suggested crops and cropping systems for tankfed areas of Andhra

Pradesh

eg on o ype ar a

Coastal Andhra

Pradesh

Light soil Bajra, ragi, maize,

jowar, greengram and

-

mes a

Medium to heavy soils Rainfed rice, ragi,maize, bajra, mesta,

greengram, fodder

Greengram,blackgram, sesame,

vegetables, fodder

jowar jowar

Rayalaseema Light soil Groundnut,

greengram, bajra,

-

, ,

jowar, sunflower

Medium to heavy soils Jowar, castor, bajra,

maize, cotton,

Coriander, chickpea,

jowar, vegetables

sunflowerTelangana Light soil Greengram, jowar,

maize, castor,

red ram

-

Medium to heavy soils Maize, jowar, bajra,

ragi, blackgram,soybean, sunflower,

Coriander, safflower,

chickpea, jowar2004 19


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Rainfall (mm) in Musthabad mandal and Karimnagar district of Andhra

Pradesh

- - -

Musthabad Karimnagar Musthabad Karimnagar Musthabad Karimnagar

. . . . . .

July 255.6 265.7 70.7 176.9 204.3 343.1Aug 84.9 115.4 127.3 233.7 80.4 124.1

Sep 100.0 114.7 8.0 46.9 138.0 142.6

Oct 0.0 10.2 0.0 57.8 90.0 78.7

Nov 12.6 10.0 0.0 30.4 0.0 0.0

Dec 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.2

Jan 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.1

Mar 0.0 0.0 3.0 15.3 0.0 0.0

Apr 0.0 2.7 23.0 15.3 0.0 0.0

ay . . . . . .

Total 626.7 675.2 464.0 764.5 546.7 783.22004 20


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Percentage (to state population) of live stock

o ulation in different re ions of the stateAnimal Region Total

population

of AP

(millions)

Andhra

Cattle 26.7 20.9 52.4 10.6

Buffaloes 51.6 13.4 36.5 9.6

Sheep 25.5 26.0 48.5 9.6

oa s . . .

Source : Viroji Rao and Bose, 20022004 21


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of different zones

Agriculture

Sheep production

oat pro uct on

Backyard poultry

Fisheries

2004 22


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systems involving livestock

cropping cattle and buffalo usually

Systems combining animals and perennial

c o g u e e s

2004 23


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Major food crops and various possible farming systems of

different agro-climatic zones of the state

Agro

climatic

zone

Major food

crops

Dairy Sheep and

goat

Backyard

poultry

Fishery Apiculture

NorthCoastal

Rice, pulse,ragi, sesame,

Cattle,buffalo

Sheep,goat

Backyardpoultry

Inlandcoastal

Apiculture

,

cashewnut

Krishn Rice, maize, -do- Sheep in -do- -do- -do-a-

Godava

ri

pulse,

sugarcane,

coconut,

Prakasam

co on,c esSouth Groundnut,

rice, ragi,

-do- Sheep -do- Inland -do-

owar, pu ses,

cotton,

sunflower2004 25


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Scarce

rainfall

Groundnut,

rice,

safflower

-do- Sheep -do- Inland -do-

jowar, pulses,

cotton

- - - -

Telangana

castor,

sunflower,

ulses, rice,

cattle

goat

jowar, cotton

Northern

Telan ana

Rice, maize,

owar ulses

Buffalo,

cattle

Sheep,

oat

-do- Inland -do-

cotton,

groundnut,

chillies,

sugarcaneHigh

altitude

Rice, ragi,

maize, bajra,

Buffalo Sheep,

goat

-do- Inland -do-

and tribal

zone

Jowar,

Sugarcane,pulse2004 26


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Price policy

Regional variations in cost of cultivation

Neglect of millets in price support

Support price for perishable commodities

Facilities for storage and marketing

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appropriate rainfed crops, cropping systems and farming systems for different agro-eco sub-regions...

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