approximated and user steerable tsne for progressive visual analytics

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Approximate and User Steerable tSNE for Progressive Visual AnalyticsNicola Pezzotti, Boudewijn P.F. Lelieveldt, Laurens van der Maaten,Thomas Hllt, Elmar Eisemann, Anna Vilanova

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Non-Linear Dimensionality-Reduction

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Non-linear dimensionality-reduction algorithmPreserves small neighborhoodsReveals global structures

Visualizing data using t-SNE - Van der Maaten & Hinton - 2008

t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding

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tSNESimilaritiesComputation

Similarities Computation

Gradient descent minimizationSimilarities

tSNE as a Black Box

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PVA - tSNESimilaritiesComputation


Gradient descent minimizationSimilaritiesProgressive Visual Analytics: User-Driven Visual Exploration of In-Progress Analytics - Stolper et al. - 2014Opening the Black Box: Strategies for Increased User Involvement in Existing Algorithm Implementations - Muhlbacher et al. - 2014Progressive Analytics: A Computation Paradigm for Exploratory Data Analysis - Fekete & Primet - 2016

Visualization

Compute partial results

tSNE

Progressive Visual Analytics (PVA)

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Approximated Computations in PVA

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Approximated - tSNE


Similarities

Visualization


ApproximatedSimilarities

PVA - tSNEApproximated tSNE

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ApproximatedK-Nearest-Neighborhood [1]Precision: 50%

[1] Fast Approximate Nearest Neighbors with Automatic Algorithm Configuration - Muja et al. - 2009K-Nearest-NeighborhoodApproximated similarities computation

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Approximated - tSNE


Similarities

Visualization


ApproximatedSimilarities

Approx.Refinement

Exact Refinement

Approximated tSNE

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tSNETime: 3191.8 sA-tSNE Precision: 35%Time: 30.1 sSpeed up: 100xPrecision 35% ?

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Approximated similarities computation

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Density-based visualizationSupports brushing & linking

Approximation is visualized and removed if requested3 StrategiesLocal minima avoidance

Steerability & Approximation visualization

A-tSNE Precision: 5%Preprocessing: 12 s

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Case Study I : Gene Expression in the Mouse Brain

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Case Study I : Gene expression

SagittalAxial3D VolumeCoronal61164 data points (Voxels) 4345 dimensions (Gene expression)

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Case Study I : Gene expressionA-tSNE 50 seconds tSNE 3 hours and 50 minutesSpeed up: 250x

#Case Study II : High-dimensional data streams

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Case Study II : High-dimensional data streamsChest - Ankle - Wrist52 Dimensions every 100 ms

Image courtesy of www.activ8all.com

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[1] Hierarchical Stochastic Neighbor Embedding - Pezzotti et al. - 2016ConclusionsApproximation in Progressive Visual AnalyticsApproximated-tSNEData manipulationRefinement

Scalability issues of the gradient descentHierarchical SNE [1]

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Thank you for your attention!A-tSNEPrecision: 35%tSNEA-tSNEPrecision: 5%Similarities computation time: 12 sSimilarities computation time: 29 sPrecomp. 3195 sSpeed 4x29 s12 s

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approximated and user steerable tsne for progressive visual analytics

Data & Analytics