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MONTHLY MICROCLIMATIC SUMMARY
JANUARY 1967
ENVIROKMEHTAL DATA BASE FOR REGIONAL 3TUDIES IK THE HUMID TROPICS
USATECCM Project No. 9-1+-0O13-01
US ARMY TROPIC TEST CENTER
Fort Clayton, Canal Zone
Sponsored by
Advanced Research Projects Agency, AREA Order No, 7U0
Army Research Office, OCRD, Project No. 2M025001A72l| 01
Reproduced ty the CLEARING HOUSE
information Sprrngfield Va 221
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BEST AVAILABLE COPY
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Destroy t' Is report when it is no longer '.eeded. Do not return it to the originntor.
The findings in this report are not to be construed as an official De- partment of *Jie Arajy position un- less so designated by other author- ized documents.
^Urr&vMe of trade naaes iii this report does not constitute an official endorsement or approval of such connerrial hardware or software. This report may not be cited for purposes of adver- tiaflumt.
..»t i
Distribution of this document is unlimited
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ENVTRONMEUTAL DATA BASE FOB REGIONAL STJJDIES IN THE HUMID TROPICS
MONTHLY MICROCLIMATIC SUM1AKY
JANUARY 196?
Prepared by
Micluel A. Fradel, Project Oificer and
Dr. Wilfried H, Portig, Meteorologist
USATECa! Project No, 9-^-0013-01
This research was supported by the Advanced Research Projects Agency of the Department of Defense and by the Army Research Office,
OCRD, Department of Army
Conducted by
TIS Anny Tropic Test Center
Fort Clayton, Canal Zone with contractual services provided by
Weather Engineers of Panama Corp.
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TABIE OF CONTENTS
iam Introduction •••»•••••*•>• ••••*••••• 1
Sites , 1 Instrumentation *•«•••••■•••••••••••• 1 Data Reduction and Storage •••••••••■•••••••<•• 2
Figures 1. location Map, Isthmus of Panama. «••«•• *«• 3 2. Frequency of Observations. •*••••••••*••••■•• k 3» Albrook Forest Site, Generalized Plot» • • • 5 k, Chiva Chiva Opan Site, Generalized Plot. 6 5. Jnstruc^nt Location on Towers <..*>..... 7
Data Summary Sheets Monthly Means of Air Temperature by Hour ••••••• 6 Monthly Langes of Air' Temperature by Hour. •«... • • 9 Monthly Means of Relative Humidity by Hour 10 Monthly Ranges of Relative Humidity by Hour. ........... 11 Monthly Means of Other Elements by Hour. ', ............ 12 Monthly Means of Wet Bulb Temperature by Hour Monthly Means of Barometric Pressure by Hour Monthly Means of Precipitation by Hour Monthly Totals of Precipitation by Hour
Monthly Ranges of Other Elements by Hour ............. 13 Monthly Ranges of Wet Bulb Tenr-erature by Hour Monthly Ranges of Barometric Pressure by Hour Monthly Ranges of Precipitation by Hour
Monthly Means of Wind Speed by Hour. «, Ik Monthly Ranges of Wind Speed by Hour ..••.......•... 15 Relative Frequencies of Wind Directions ih6 meters, Albrook) ... 16 Relative Frequencies of Wind Directions (26,5 meters, Albrook) . . 17 Relative Frequencies of Wind Directions ( k meters, Albrook) ... 18 Relative Frequencies of Wind Directions (h6 meters, Chiva Chiva).. 19 Relative Frequencies of Wind Directions (ao,5 meters, Chiva
Chiva) ......*.... 20 Relative Frequencies of Wind Directions (k meters, Chiva Chiva)« . . 21 Sunmary of Elements with Non-Hourly Frequencies of Observation. . « 22 WBGT (Albrook) Evaporation (Albrook) Precipitation (Manual gauge network, Albrook) Precipitation (Stem Flow, Albrook) WBGT (.Clilva Chiva) Evaporation (Chiva Chiva) Minimum Grass Temperature (Chiva Chiva)
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i
MONTHLY MICROCLimTIC SUI-JMABY
Introduction
Monthly microcliraatic data sunnarized in this series of reports ^ere collected by the US Army Tropic Test Center and the Weather Engineers of Panama Corporation under the project. Environmental Data Base for Regional Studies in the Humid Tropics. The project is sponsored "by the Advanced Research Projects Agency of the Department of Defense and by the Army Re- search Office, Office of the Chief of Research and Development. It is an investigation of microclimatic, air chemistry, vegetation, soils, micro- biological, and macrofaunal conditions at selected sites in the principal tropical environments of the Panama Canal Zone and the Rio Hato Military Recervation, The objective of the project is to assemble quantitative environmental data for RDT&E purposes.
Sites. Data summarized in this report were collected at the Albrook Forest sind Chiva Chiva sites. Figure 1 shows the site locations within the Isthmus of Panama, Geographic coordinates are shown below:
Albrook Forest 09° 01% 79° 33*W
Chiva Chiva 09° Ol'N, 79° 35'^
The Chiva Chiva open site and the Albrook Forest site are paired for comparative study of environmental conditions in a tropical semideciduous forest and in a large clearing. Both are located in a region where the annual precipitation is approximately 80 inches and there is a pronounced dry season. The other satellite sites were located primarily for soil studies purposes, Albrook and Fort Kobbe have climatic regimes similar to the principal sites.
The Albrook and Chiva Chiva main sites are «qsproxlmately four kilo- meters apart. Each has a k6 meter walk-up tower and an air-conditioned building to house the recording equipment and observers. Both sites are approximately 30 meters above sea level. The top of the forest canopy at the Albrook site Is about 26,5 meters above the ground.
Instrumentation, A wide range of climatic elements are measured at the Albrook and Chiva Chiva sites. Types of observations ana frequencies are shown on Figure 2, The towers at the Albrook and Chiva Chiva sites are similarly oriented. Sensing equipment is mounted at several levels on the towers to pnsvide measurements through the vertical profile. Addition- al instruments are emplaced in the iranedlate vicinity on or near the ground. All instrument exposures are duplicated at each site. F-^gures 3, ^ and 5 show the instrument array at these sites.
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Data Reduction and Storage. All data, as applicable, are recorded at or reduced to each fuH hour and transposed to punch cards. These pum^h cardsj together with all raw data, are stored in the Tropic Test Center Technical Library Annex.
The relative huiPidlty data contained in this report required some adjustment due to the difficult problems in maintaining hair hygrometers in the Inxmid tropics. The hygrometers show saturation at a time vhen the psyc'nrometer shows a relacive humidity well bei 100^, For this reason the hourly measurements made by means of a hair hygrometer have been modified on the basis of simultaneous psychraneter readings of other levels. Details will be given in the fourth Semiannual Report, It car. be assumed that the means of relative humidity presented in this TOlume are very close to the true means.
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FIGURE 1. LOCATION MAP, ISTHMUS OF PANAMA
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FIGURE 3. AIBROOK FCKEST SITE, GENERALIZIID PIOT
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SUMMARY OF NON HOURLY DATA
JANUARY 1967
Summary of □ements with .j-hourly Frequencies of Observation
Site Element, Units and Exposure ; Description Nu Of OL.^ .
Minimum Value
Moan or Total Value
Maximum Value
Index value '!34 63,8 76.6 82.5 WBGT Index1 Dry hulb temp. 434 69.2 79.7 91.0
(at 1.0 meters) Wat bulb temp. 434 68.5 75.1 91.0 alack bulb 'emp. 434 69.8 80.3 96.8
Piche (46.0 m) 31 0,189 15.971* 0.762 Evaporation^ Piche (26.5 m) 31 0.128 11.092* 0.500
(in. at 4 levels) Piche ;i3.5 m) 31 0.055 5.147* 0.250 Piche ( 0.5 m) 31 0.030 3.019* O.IJS
1
g Gauge # 1 4 0.01 0.41* 0.33 >: Gauge i 2 5 0.01 0.41* 0.34 0
1 3
Precipitation from Raingauge Network (in, at 1.0 meters)
Gauge # 3 Gauge # 4 Gauge # 5 Gauge # 6
5 3 4 4
0.01 0,01 0.01 0.01
0,53* 0.36* 0.41* 0.37*
0.41 0.32 0.33 0.30
Gauge # 7 4 0.01 0.46* 0.35 Gauge # 8 3 0,01 0.30* 0.25
Stem flow2
(in. at 2.0 meters)
Small tree Medium tree Large tree
2 2 I
0.02 0.01 0.14
0.36* 0.49* 0.M*
0.34 0.48 0.14
ladex value 434 68.0 79.5 86.9 WBOT Index Dry bulb temp. 434 68.5 82.8 93.0
(at 1.0 meters) Wet bulb temp. 434 68.0 75,3 93.0
"5
Black bulb temp. 426 67.9 92.4 112.8
01
c | O Evaporation Piche 24 0.116 8.869* 0.512 10 > U 0 >
(In. at Ö.5 meters) Pan 38 0.054 9.366* 0.531
Minimum Grass temp (0I' at grass tip-)
None 30 63.5 67.2 70.0
1 - Hourly observations between 0600 and 1900 hours inclusive 2 - Six hourly observations 3 - Dally obäervatlons
'Total Values
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UNCLASSIFIED SecuMy Cl»»tific«(ion
DOCUMENT CONTROL OATA .R&D fS^curify ctm»ailic*tian ol Hi m, body at mbttrmtl »ml indmging mnnotmtion auBt b* nlmnd whtt ft» ov*rmH ttpori i» clmvlHmdj
. omOiNATiNG ACTiVirv (Corpormf muttior)
US Army Tropic Test Center Fort Clayton, Canal Zone
i«. REPORT ItCOKlTV C L A»»iriC A TiON
2*. CROUP
UNCLASSIFIED
3 «CPOBT TITCC
Monthly Microclimatic Summar", January 196?: Environmental Data Base for Regional Studies in the Humid Tropics
*. DIICHIPTIVC NOTE! (Typt ol rwpail mm) IHCIM'T* dar»;
Data Summary, January 1067 • AUTMO":»" (Pint mlddtQ tnttlmt, tmmt nmmmj
• «tPOKT DATE
March 1968 7«. TOTAL MO. OF PASkl
28
76. NO- OF KCF*
CONTRACT OR GRANT NO ». ORIGINATOR'! RtPORT NUMaCRI*)
6. RRojic T NO. 2M02500LA7214-01
"■ USATECOM No. 9-l+-0013-01
* Work Unit: USATTC #001
W>. OTHIP «(PORT NOOI (Anr oUimr itumbvri tfiAr awr 6* —l0nd Hilt rtport)
10. DIITRICUTICN »TATCMCNT
Distribution of this document is unlimited.
tl. 9UPPLCMCNTARV NOTI .1 SRONKORme MILITART ACTIVITY
Advanced Research Projects Arency Army Research Projects Office, CORD
IS. ABSTRACT
This report contains detailed sites in the Panama Canal Zone and summarized for hourly and or daily Elements listed are: temperature, relative humidity, and evaporation
microclimatic data for January 196? frcsn specific vicinity. The data are presented in tabular form, observations from surface to U6-meter levels, pressure, precipitation, wind speed and direction.
MM PMfe A M^fi ««FCACHS OO FOR» la?» 1 J \j\J • WC* »t I ** f Ö >»»Ol.«T« FOR ARMY US«.
AH •«. »MICH II
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UNCLASSIFIED Security Clataification
Ktf.r WORD»
Climate MicriDcllfliatclogy Tropic Environment Humid Tropics Pinama Canal Zone MicroclinatoJogy Data Base
UNCLASSIFIED tecufity Closlfication