apr workshop on disaster management report - scout.org report page 1-30.pdf · salam pramuka let’...

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16 – 19 November 2009, Indonesia

APR Workshop on Disaster Management Report

2 APR Workshop on Disaster Management16 – 19 November 2009Jakarta, Indonesia

Table of Contents

Workshop Summary Report 3

Workshop Objectives 3

Recommendations 4

Opening Addresses 7Prof. Dr. H. Azrul Azwar, MPHMember, Asia-Pacific Regional Scout Committee, Chairman, Gerakan PramukaAbdullah Rasheed, Regional DirectorTifatul Sembiring, Minister for Communication and Information Technology

Concept of Disaster Management 16

Types of Disasters 35

Coordination, Cooperation and Networking 67

World Conference on Disaster Reduction 79

Group Work Reports 99

Participants Directory 113

Staff Directory 117

Workshop Programme 122

Opening Ceremony Programme 123

Closing Ceremony Programme

Photo Gallery 124


Workshop Objectives

To introduce key concepts in disaster management

To identify the role of Scouts at pre-during-post disaster stages

To develop system of networking amongst and within NSOs in Managing relief work


Recommendations

AWARE of the various natural disasters and calamities that have occurred in various parts and countries of the world that resulted to countless loss of lives and massive destruction of properties, infrastructures and chaotic economical condition;

CONSCIOUS of the reality that as a worldwide volunteer organization, the scouting movement through its regional and national scout organizations must participate and assist within the level of their competence and expertise, in the humanitarian effort of extending appropriate services and assistance before, during and after occurrence of national disasters or calamities;

CONCERNED that scouts and their families and loved ones worldwide are vulnerable to existing global risks and climate change and are the possible victims of natural disasters or calamities and;

GUIDED by the aim and objectives of the first APR Workshop on Disaster Management, the following recommendations are hereby presented for adoption by the Workshop:

1.Action to be taken at the unit level

a. Creating awareness through advancement scheme and merit badge.

b. Incorporating disaster management understanding in unit activities which can be done in the form of games or storytelling.

c. Educating the Scouts and the Rovers to become agents of disaster awareness for the community

d. Preparing the Scouts and the Rovers to become part of the rapid response team for disasters.

2. Action to be taken at NSO Level

a. Developing training materials and types of programs regarding disaster management including type of disasters and measures.

b. Socializing and disseminating training materials and programs up to unit level.

c. Conducting workshops down to the lowest level of the NSOs.


Recommendations

d. Creating requirements and badges related to disaster management for the Scouts and Rover Scouts.

e. Incorporating disaster management knowledge into the leaders training materials.

f. Establishing pool of trainers that have expertise on Disaster management to assist the trainings

g. Coordinating with national disaster management authority as well as NGOs that relates it activity to disaster management.

h. Organizing a team of expertise at the national level to develop scouts program related to disaster awareness and management.

i. Creating program policy plan regarding to disaster management.

j. Organizing quick response team down to the lowest level (Consists of Rovers and Leaders)

k. Inclusion of disaster management as one of the priority programs and strategic plan.

l. Generating funds to support disaster management programs and activities

m. Providing support and services within the level of its competent or expertise to be given before, during, and after the occurrence of natural disasters or calamities.

n. Sharing the information on disaster management within NSOs and other NSOs

o. Assign or designate a commissioner or action officer at the National Level responsible for disaster management program.

p. Assign a committee to assist the appointed officer of the disaster management program to carry out their program.

q. Directing the rover councils at all level to be the responsible coordinator of the rapid response team for disaster.


Action to be taken at regional level

a. Developing general framework in implementing disaster management program, reference book regarding merit badge and advancement scheme in the field of disaster management as a model for NSOs to develop its own, and other related materials

b. Establishing disaster relief funds

c. Assisting NSOs in finding suitable institution as partner in disaster management action

d. Establishing database in disaster management actions and programs.

e. Each existing sub committees should take disaster management as part of their responsibilities according to the focus of their work.

Prepared by Recommendations CommitteeChairmanIbrahim Muamir The Scouts Association of Maldives

MembersWendel AvisadoBoy Scout of the PhilipinesIftikhar HaiderPakistan Boy Scout Association

Muhammad Afzal BaigPakistan Boy Scout Association

Rio AshadiGerakan Pramuka Indonesia

Secretary Mohd Hafiz Bin Ariffin Persekutuan Pengakap Malaysia

FacilitatorAlfian AmuraGerakan Pramuka Indonesia


Opening AddressProf. DR. dr. H. Azrul Azwar, MPHMember, Regional Scout CommitteeChairman, Gerakan Pramuka

Kak Tifatul Sembiring, Minister of Communication and Informatics of Republic of Indonesia,Asia-Pacific Regional Scout Committee and Sub-Committee Members,Kak Abdullah Rasheed, WSB Regional Director and Staff,Workshop Director and Staff,Distinguished Participants of the Asia- Pacific Regional Workshop on Disaster Management,Brother and Sister Scouters,Ladies and Gentlemen,

Assalammu’alaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh,Salam Pramuka

Let’ s thank God the Almighty for the blessings he has given, that enable us to be here to witness the opening ceremony of APR Workshop on Disaster Management.

I am very happy to have you all to be here in the opening ceremony a historic event in the region, namely the APR Workshop on Disaster Management. I said it is historic event because it is the first of such a disaster management workshop ever held in our region. As a member of the Gerakan Pramuka may I express our sincere thanks and appreciation to the Asia-Pacific Regional Committee, Regional Director, Mr. Abdullah Rasheed and all other staff for close collaboration to make this event to materialize.

Brother and Sister Scouters,

Indonesia has a lot of lessons learned regarding disaster, especially after earthquake at 9.3 magnitude at the off coast of Aceh Province occurred on December 26, 2004. The tsunami that followed the earthquake stroke Aceh and Nias Island caused deaths of approximately 200,000 people and 500,000 people became displaced and some 37,000 people went missing. It caused destruction of everything on the ground in many parts of Aceh and North Sumatra Province and many other parts in the neighboring countries such as Thailand, Bangladesh, India, Sri Lanka, Maldives, and tsunami waves also claimed victims as far as the eastern coast of Africa and unusual high tide in Brazilian coast.

Certainly, Indonesia has many experiences on natural disasters. Record says that in 1883 Mt. Krakatoa at Sunda Strait which lies of some 150 km west of Jakarta erupted with such an enormous blast that caused tsunami.

8APR Workshop on Disaster Management16 – 19 November 2009Jakarta, Indonesia

that struck both Banten and Lampung coastal towns and killed some 35,000 people. The volcanic ashes of Krakatoa covered the sky for days and it reached as far as New York City.

But the Aceh tsunami has triggered many people, the government and society to think on how to avoid large number of victims, since natural disaster cannot be avoided. In case of Indonesia, whether we like it or not we have lived with natural disasters, particularly earthquakes. Since then multi disciplined seminars and workshops on disaster management have been held aiming at empowering the government agencies and society to find better and advanced ways to cope with the disaster and means on how to mitigate the disaster and also to educate common people on how to keep themselves safe from the danger of any kind of disaster. Government agencies whose primary responsibilities are dealing with disaster, have been revitalized and restructured a.o. namely the National Coordinating Agency on Disaster Mitigation (BNPB) and National Search and Rescue Agency (BASARNAS). This development was followed with other agencies and the society to focus their attention, according to their respective roles and functions, as part of a big umbrella under the coordination of BNPB. On the other hand simulations and trainings when tsunami strike involving people in large number have been held in several parts of the country especially in the disaster prone areas under the auspices of the local government. Not only that, a tsunami early warning system has been installed in several places.

Brother and sister Scouts,

To borrow the motto of the 23rd APR Scout Conference which recently held in Kuala Lumpur, which says “Scout, Capital for Peace”, we will continue to play our role as contributing element in our respective society, as we have been doing since a century ago. As it says in our scout motto “Be Prepared“ which is adopted to become theme of this workshop we will continue to educate our young people to become good citizens of the future. We educate them to live their scout promise and law, to do their duty to God, to the country and to self and to help other people at all times. Our promise and law is the philosophy of all scouts to give their helping hands to others including disaster victims.

In the case of the Gerakan Pramuka, we have experience on through community development (COMDECA) schemes in which rover scouts together with the villagers built little irrigation dams, water irrigation, village roads and bridges to improve the village people’s standard of living. The comdeca is usually done in a long period. We also have Scout CARE schemes, through which scouts took part in helping other people directly for a brief period. Rover/Senior Rover Search and Rescue (SAR) teams have also been established in every provinces in Java and some provinces outside Java. They are attached to local SAR agency. Our Rovers have also been involved in trauma healing process for disaster victims.


Natural disasters which occurred in some provinces have become testing grounds for the skill, endurance and agility of the Rovers and Senior Rovers during emergency. Aside from that COMDECAs which have been held in Aceh and Bengkulu have also become on the kind of role that a Scouts could play during rehabilitation /reconstruction period of a disaster.

Brother and sister scouters,

The Scout organization is an educational organization. Therefore we have to able to put more emphasize on this matter. We have to be able to educate our boys and girls to prepare themselves before a disaster strikes. We have to familiarize themselves with their environment. From simple things such using the garbage in the garbage bin to bigger actions to prevent flood or inundation. To train them to be proficient in electricity could lead them to know how to prevent them from electric hazards. To be careful about fire could prevent forest fire. These are simple things which we could transfer to younger members of our NSO.

It is my hope that this workshop will be able to identify what our capital is and what is objective is, and from them we could determine what is the best approach from scouting point of view in educating our members on disaster mitigation. I have high hopes that this workshop will produce something useful for our respective NSO.

Wishing you a good and resourceful workshop!May God bless us allWabillahi taufik wal hiddayah,Wassalammu’alaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh


Opening AddressAbdullah RasheedRegional DirectorWorld Scout Organization of the Scout MovementAsia-Pacific Region

Assalaaamu allaikumm and good morning to every one,Hon, Taffiatul Sembiring, Minister for Communication and information technology, Government of Indonesia,Kak Azrul Azwar, member Regional Scout Committee and Chairman Gerakan Pramuka,Members of the APR Sub committee, Workshop director, host organizing committee,Brothers and sisters

At the very outset, let me sincerely thank Hon. Minister for taking time and to be with us this morning for this inauguration, which indicates his keen support for scouting and for this workshop. On behalf of the World Organization of the Scout Movement we would also like to convey our sincere appreciation to the Government of Indonesia and to President of Indonesia for the extensive support of the Government for scouting.

At the same time, I wish to welcome all the National Scout Organizations who are present here for this very first APR workshop on disaster management. We are happy that we have ten national scout organizations and more importantly all NSO’s that are mostly affected in disasters of late and who had also being active in disaster relief work in one way or another. By their presence, we are confident that we will be able to share their own experiences in the recent past and at the same time we will all be able understand the very basic concepts of disaster management.

Let us also understand that scouting is a non-formal education movement and we are not a relief agency. However, we still have a role in terms of our service, and being in our own communities. Scouting has a role in community to play a constructive role and it is in our mission of scouting. Nevertheless, we have to understand clearly the role we can play and we should play. We must also remember that we are bringing young children in to the disaster areas, which are already badly affected and we should not be putting our children to any further risk. Hence how do we draw a line between these two aspects. We have a distinct role to serve and to be of help but not taking any adverse risk that may affect the lives of our young children or their future. It is here in this workshop we need to understand how we can mobilize the scouts and at the same time be able to understand how to work out strategies at national level regional on disaster management. We also have developed some standards already at world level, arising from the experiences of the Tsunami disaster, where by it is advised that no overseas scouts shall be sent to any relief area immediately until things have settle down and the host country is able to receive and manage overseas scouts for any relief work.


During disaster it is the local scouts who must mobilize for any assistance. On the other hand we should remember that scouts are in one of the organizations best situated in every country. Scouts are present in every single village, town, district or province. Our leaders and young people are there in almost every locality of our communities. Therefore if we could strategize and mobilize scouts we should be able to be of better service in future in times of disasters. We also note that at the world level we were able to play a role in mobilizing funds for the Tsunami disaster under the Tsunami Scout Aid Fund and were able to assist all the countries within the region as well in Africa who were affected in the Tsunami. In this respect, I recall that Indonesia Scouts did a tremendous job in rebuilding the communities, particularly in Aceh following the 2005 Tsunami Disaster. We do hope to establish some funds at the regional level in the future for assisting national scout organizations, to enable them to mobilize scouts for the initial relief work.

Therefore in this workshop, we mainly aim to achieve three simple objectives of understanding the concept of disaster management, sharing of our experiences, and working out strategies for the future. In this respect we are rightly placed in Indonesia for this very first workshop and they have made very remarkable preparations for this workshop. We thank Gerakan Pramuka for this event and for doing so much. This is also one of the very first times that we start a workshop inauguration ahead of time, ten minutes before the scheduled time, and that gives a challenge to all of us to start all sessions on time during this workshop.

In conclusion let also thank the host organizing committee for the work they have done including the sub committee members and in particular the past vice chairman of the committee ms. Mari Nakano and also Jamal from Malaysia and Hiroshi from Japan and many others form the host country. We are happy that all our resource people are scouts and therefore we will be sharing the concepts and sharing experiences among scouts.

I also once again thank you all for your presence and we hope we will have a fruitful workshop.


Assalamu’alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh

May Almighty God Bless all of us.

Dearests Scout, Boys and Girls;

It is my honour, as Ministry of Communication and Information Technology, of the Republic of Indonesia, to be here right now with you, Scouts from various parts of the Asia Pacific Region who were here, to come to Jakarta for a series of Workshop on Disaster Management. It is indeed my pleasure and opportunity to see the next generation who pro-actively involve in the anticipating, prevention, and relief processes upon any occurrence of a disaster or an emergency situation.

As we all may know, that in the event of an emergency situation, one or more emergency management personnel may respond to the incident site and assist victims in the field to be saved or evacuated from the dangerous zone. Therefore need of a disaster management training is so high and will be highly valued, since factually, on the geographical map, the position of Indonesia’s territory is stretched out within range of the Ring of Fire, as geologists named it.

Therefore, to anticipate any occurrence of disaster or emergency situation, it is our motto, that “there is no day without scout readiness to anticipating disaster or emergency situation.” We can still reiterate the mass media coverage on Tsunami which swept out and devastating Aceh, Nias and West Sumatera in 2004. The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake was an undersea megathrust earthquake that occurred at 00:58:53 UTC on December 26, 2004, with an epicentre off the west coast of Sumatra, Indonesia. If we might recall of a lesson from history, one may knownthat the victim of 2004 Indian Ocean earth quake is greater than that of Krakatoa eruption in 1884.

Cited from Wikipedia, the effect of Krakatoa eruption is that the combined effects of pyroclastic flows, volcanic ashes and tsunamis had disastrous results in the region. There were no survivors from 3,000 people located at the island of Sebesi, about 13 km (8.1 mi) from Krakatoa. Pyroclastic flows killed around 1,000 people at Ketimbang on the coast of Sumatra some 40 km (25 mi) north from Krakatoa. The official death toll recorded by the Dutch authorities was 36,417.”

Opening RemarksTifatul Sembiring Minister for Communication and Information Technology,Republic of Indonesia.


Whereas the unanticipated Indian Ocean earthquake in 26th December 2004 which created tsunami effect, according to UNICEF Executive Director Carol Bellamy, …the mammoth relief effort that has begun to help the 10 nations hit by the deadliest tsunami in two centuries. The death toll is 67,000 and rising.

The death toll has topped 67,000 in Asia and East Africa following the devastating tsunamis that hit the Indian Ocean region on Sunday.The World Health Organization is warning that the spread of disease, especially malaria and cholera, could end up killing up tens of thousands more people.

The head of crisis operations for the World Health Organization, Dr. David Nabarro, said "The initial terror associated with the tsunamis and the earthquake itself may be dwarfed by the longer term suffering of the affected communities."

Worst hit have been Indonesia and Sri Lanka. Both countries have lost more than 25,000 people each. The Vice President of Indonesia said his country may have lost as many as 40,000 people. In Sri Lanka the government is estimating 1.5 million people - or nearly 8 percent of the population - is now homeless.”

Right now, after almost about five years passed by, we exerted effort to recover and rebuild the devastated areas, but results are still beyond our hope. Meanwhile, the natural disaster itself does not stop. After Yogya earthquake, we have, Bengkulu, Sukabumi, and then West Sumatera.

So, one cannot totally escape from earthquake. That is why, about ten nations, represented by Scouts, among ASIA PACIFIC Regions are here today to attend and participate in the workshop on Disaster Management.

This kind of workshop has goals: to understand on the nature of global reach of disaster, to identify the best prevention methods in disaster management, and to find how the best for preparing and responding to disaster; to recover from its effects locally and internationally.

Furthermore, the objective of the Regional workshop is :to introduce key concept in disaster management;to identify the role of scout at pre, during and post disaster stage;to develop system of networking among and retain national scout organization (NSO) in management relief works.


In terms of ICT sectors, both for leveraging economics and tools for development, we still face a digital divide in Indonesia. We know that the level of efforts which have already been done are enormous, but the things left untouched in remote areas is also still huge. From available data, there are still about 31% villages with no cellular networks, while almost 55% villages have no fixed telephone services. Therefore, lacking of network capacity is widened between cities and rural areas. So does electricity supply for non industrial usage.

To accelerate economics development, MCIT – Indonesia prioritize ICT development, especially for rural areas to minimize digital divide and convert it into digital opportunity. In a simple terms, MCIT has the duty to materialize “Indonesia’s Community Informative which are equals to making smart and smoothening communication infrastructures, plus maintaining trusted source and enhancing accurate information.”

Related to ICT infrastructure, from now on, through Universal Service Obligation we will install about 32,000 units public phone (nick named Desa Berdering) and about 5,700 locations PC package (nick named Desa pinter) to extending telecommunication in rural areas all over the country. In addition, to realize the Gajahmada Oath or Sworn In, now a days the similar Palapa Ring – a fibre optic submarine telecommunication cable – were deployed in the Center and Eastern part of Indonesia territory, stretching from Pontianak, West Kalimantan to Merauke, Papua, to connecting more than 17 cities in almost half of Indonesia’s provinces.

Human Resource Development is a crucial one, that at the one side, it is a challenging task to iliterate community members from all walks of life, but at the other, it is an opportunity to be filled up with digital skill capacity building. It is indeed one flock of salted water pouring in to the sea of ICT problems, where Program ICT JOTA-JOTI (ICT usage in Jamboree On The Air and Jamboree On The Internet) could be benefited as a medium to learn, share and care about brotherhood through scout organization, and at the same time, utilize HRD among scout leaders and members to accelerating informal education about ICT for community members.

With this program package, all scout members, boys and girls from all over the world could joint in, participate and contribute into the effort to raise readiness, awareness and expertise among scout members in the role of scouting during disaster and emergency situation. To introduce the ICT utilization, since 2007, there were 20 regional or provincial office of Indonesia’s scout and also 20 district offices, have been facilitated with one PC and one laptop. And then in 2008, the rest of 13 provincial office and 13 district also received ICT apparatus similar to the previous year.


Within the context of Community Access Point (CAP) Program, ICT Jota Joti plays a role as a satellite toward sub district CAP location, where scout leaders can utilize either PC or laptop to educate community members on “how to soundly manage ICT utilization and internet access in a sound and profound manner. Within the spirit of freedom of expression, protecting children online and gender mainstreaming, is a more comprehensive approach for rolling out e-literacy training and awareness program for scouts, so that it could be replicated anywhere else in the community.

This momentuous "ASPAC Regional Dissaster Management Workshop" where 10 countries join in – namely: Philippines, Thailand, Malaysia, Japan, Mongolia, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Srilanka, Maldive, Indonesia - is having two pronged approach, firstly to raise capacity building among scout, in the field of ICT and especially disaster management; while at the other, to show to the world that Indonesia’s scout primarily could also contribute to tackle digital divide and initiate informative community’s economy and creative information industry, equipped by readiness and robust act in handling disaster and emergency situation.

On be half of MCIT – Indonesia, I am here extending gratitude and appreciation and also thank for the Organizing Committee in materializing the event, by hoping that this workshop will run well and enjoy your stay in Cibubur. At last, thanks for your attention and have a nice, warm and thoughtful workshop.

Wassalamu’alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh;May God Bless Us,


Concept of Disaster ManagementSiswantoDirector for Community EmpowermentNational Disaster Management Agency

Types of Disaster Natural DisasterNon-natural DisasterSocial Disaster

Natural DisasterEarthquakesTsunamisVolcanic eruptions FloodsFlash FloodsLandslidesFiresDroughtsTyphoons

Purpose of Disaster ManagementTo protect the public from hazardSynchronize existing regulationsDevelop planned, coordinated, and comprehensive disaster management system by

-ensuring the implementation of planned, coordinated and inclusive disaster management

-taking into account respects for local wisdom-building public-private partnership-enhancement of spirit for mutual solidarity and charity-creating peace in community life, nationhood and statehood

Purpose of Disaster Management

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Spread of Earthquake Point

Spread of Ring of Fire

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Data on series of disaster events 2002-2008

Data on number of victims due to disasters 2002-2008

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Non-Natural DisasterTechnological failuresModernization failuresEpidemicsPollution

Social DisasterEthnic and Religious Conflict (People conflict)

Earthquake/tsunami in province of Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam26 December 2004 (8.9 SR)

Emergency Management Period in Province of NAD

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1. Panic period

Crisis CenterRescue Evacuation Temporary shelterFood Coordination assistance (domestic/int’l)CommunicationWater & Sanitation Health Transportation Electricity Fuel Information service Security Emergency recovery

2. Controlled-emergency period (Up to the end of January 2005)

National gov assistance, local gov activities functioned.Crisis center (Medan, Sabang, Batam, Padang etc)Crisis center (Vice-President office)Emergency functioning harbour of Malahayati.Health (field hospitals, etc).Assistance (domestic & int’l) came.Activities of economy (traditional market, bank, shops) functioned.Rescue continued.Evacuation the died and their burial.Developing barracks for IDPs.Food assistance (domestic & int’l) continued. Emergency recovery on telephone nets and electricity.Water for emergency.

Crisis CenterRescue Evacuation Temporary shelterFood Coordination assistance (domestic/int’l)CommunicationWater & Sanitation Health Transportation Electricity Fuel Information service Security Emergency recovery

3. Continued-emergency period (Up to the end of February 2005)

Empowering local people/govt. for further management.Assistance from crisis centers continued.Rescue continued.Evacuation of the died and their burial.Health (field hospitals, etc).Infrastructure emergency recovery continued IDPs moved to semi-permanent shelters.Food and medical assistance from domestic & int’l. Emergency schools

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Rehabilitation and reconstruction

Carried-out by: Rehabilitation & reconstructionBoard for province of NanggroeAceh Darussalam & Nias island (prov of north Sumatera)

Earthquake in province of Yogyakarta27 May 2006 (5.9 SR)

Emergency management period in YOGYAKARATA

1. Panic Period:Evacuation of casualaties (died and injured). Medical/health services Food / kitchen

In Yogyakarta :District of Bantul, Sleman, Kulon Progo, Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta city.

In Central Java :Klaten, Sukoharjo, Boyolali, Purworejo, Magelang, Wonogiri, Temanggung, Karangayar and Kebumen.

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2. Controlled-Emergency Period:

IDPs: IDPs were not concentrated at one place, they spread lived at places close to their damaged houses.

IDPs:Yogyakarta: 1.352.076 peopleCentral Java: 759.796 peopleTOTAL: 2.111.872 people

Result of Verification: 1.649.575 people

Food/non-food (monthly): logistic distributionSecurity at affected area Temporarily rehabilitationContinuing services on medical procurement/recoveryTemporary shelter (tents) and buildings/houses, sanitationNormalization of fuel, electricity, transportation

Compensation for the died:Rp.2.000.000,-/victimFree of charge at hospitalsRice 10 kg/month/person.Living cost Rp. 90.000,-/month/person.Emergency response phase shortened from three months to 1 month.Continued with Rehabilitation and Reconstruction phase, starting from July 2006.

Presidential Decree No. 9 Year 2006 on Coordination Team for Rehabilitation and Reconstruction in Yogyakarta and Central Java.

Duties :- To coordinate policy and strategy formulation for rehabilitation and reconstruction.- To coordinate planning, implementation and evaluation.- To stipulate strategic actions to cope with obstacles/problems in implementation.

3. Period of Peparation for Rehabilitation

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Disaster Management Policyin connection with Law and Disaster Management No.24 of 2007

LAW ON DISASTER MANAGEMEMENT No. 24 of 2007Agreed in Plenary Session of the Parliament on 29 March 2007Legalized by the President on 26 April 2007

Trigger: Tsunami Aceh, earthquake in Yogyakarta and Tsunami at Pangandaran (West Java).An initiative of the Parliament (political aspect)National Agency of Disaster Management (BNPB):

Functions of Coordination, Command and Implementation.“Disaster - to unite the nation”“Disaster is certain, the time of occurrence is un-certain”

“INDONESIA: “super-market of disaster”“Laboratory of super market”

Current Situation

DM bill (No. 24/2007) has been enacted 26 April 2007

New DM system will be formulated (legislation, institution and DM Plan)

President Regulation of BNPB No.08/2008

Government Regulation of Disaster Management Implementation No.21/2008

Government Regulation of Budget and Relief Disaster No. 22/2008

Government Regulation of International Donors and Alliance Institutions Non Government in Disaster Management No. 23/2008

Disaster Management Bill (Law No. 24 of 2007)To arrange all of the disaster management system, from central government down to provincial and district level.

National Agency for Disaster Management (BNPB), non-department government institution at ministerial level (consists of steering committee and executive elements).

Provincial Agency for Disaster Management (BPBD) consisting of steering committee and executive elements and led by government official at one level Below Governor

District Agency for Disaster Management (BPBD) consisting of steering committee and executive elements and led government official at one level below Regent/Mayor.

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Disaster Management in IndonesiaDisaster is an event or series of events that threaten and disrupt lives and livelihoods caused either by natural and/or non-natural and man-made factors to claim toll, environmental damage, loss of assets, and psychological impact.

(DM Bill, Article 1 point 1)

Disaster Management represents totally effort and inwrought that cover prevention, mitigation, preparedness, emergency management and rehabilitation that conducted : before, during and after disaster.

- Earthquake- Volcanic eruption - Tsunami- Landslide- Flood- Hurricane- Draught- Epidemic- Outbreak- Technological- failure- Social Conflict- Terror

DISASTER

NATURAL

NON-NATURAL

SOCIAL

CAUSE TYPE

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coordination

command

coordination Prevention Mitigation Preparedness

Emergency response Recovery

Rehabilitation Reconstruction

BEFORE AFTERDURING

ROUTINE FUNDCONTINGENCY FUND ON CALL BUDGET BLOCK GRANT FUND

EMERGENCY RESPONSE

REHABILITATIONRECONSTRUCTION

PREVENTION/MITIGATION

PREPAREDNESS

Disaster EventSeries of efforts comprising disaster sensitive development policy making, disaster prevention activities, emergency response, and rehabilitation(DM Bill, Article 1 point 5)

DISASTER MANAGEMENT

Pre-Disaster

DM PlanningDisaster Risk ReductionPreventionIntegration into development planningDisaster risk analysis requirementsEducation & trainingRequirements on DM technical standardetc

By national, provincial & district government (article 35)

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Emergency Response

a. Rapid assessment: location, damages and resources b. Status of emergency c. Rescue and evacuation of the affected people d. Fulfillment of basic needse. Protection to vulnerable group f. Emergency recovery: vital facilities (article 48)

Post-Disaster

Rehabilitation (article 58 paragraph 1)

a. Rehabilitation of disaster area environment

b. Rehabilitation of public facilities/infrastructure

c. Assistance on rehabilitation of people’s houses

d. Social phsycological recovery

e. Health Services

f. Reconciliation & conflict resolution

g. Social- economy-culture recovery

i. Security and order recovery

j. Gov. function recovery

k. Public service recovery

Reconstruction (article 59 paragraph 1)

a. Rebuild infrastructure

b. Rebuild social facilities

c. Raise people’s social-culture life

d. Application of the use of better equipment & power of resistance

e. Participation of social institution/organisation, profit-oriented institution, and the public

f. Strengthening social, economy and culture condition

g. Strenghtening public service function

Supervision/ControlGovernment & regional/district gov control all phases of disaster management (article 71 paragraph 1)

a. Source of hazards or disaster

b. Policy potentially causes disaster

c. Exploitation activities potentially causes disaster

d. Making use of goods & services, technology, etc

e. Activities of invironment conservation

f. Spatial planning

g. environment management

h. Reclamation activities

i. Budget management (article 71 paragraph 2)

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APPLIED MECHANISM

Pre-disaster Post-disasterOn-going

- Prevention- Mitigation- Readiness

- Recovery- Rehabilitation- Reconstruction

- Emergency readiness - Emergency response- Emergency recovery

Related sectorsCoordination by BNPB

Fund from related sectors Coordinated by BNPB

Emergency readiness, emergency response and emergency recovery National & provincial/district budget coming from BNPB/BPBD

Fund from related sectorsCoordinated by BNPB

BNPB states level of emergencyBNPB/BPBD leads emergency response based on status of emergency

RecoveryRehabilitationReconstruction (physic–non-physic sectors)

ACCOUNTABILITY AND AUTHORITY

1. National and Provincial/District Government : responsible for disaster management (article 5)

2. Government decides status and level of national and regional/local disaster, with indicators : number of victims, the loss of belongings, damages of facilities/infrastructure, area and economy and social impact (article 7 paragraph 2)

INSTITUTIONALIZATION

A. National levelBNPB - non-ministry institution (equals a Minister, consists of Steering & Executing components (article 10 paragraph 1 & 2)

B. Provincial & District levelProvincial gov. establishes BPBD, chaired by an official functionary at a level of under Governor (echelon I-b).

District gov establishes BPBD, chaired by an official functionary at a level of under Bupati/Walikota (head of district/mayor), echelon II-a. Establishment by coordination to BNPB (article 19 a paragraph

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INSTITUIONAL DUTIES & FUNCTION (1)

1. BNPB’s duties:a. Guidelines & directives : prevention, emergency response, rehabilitation & reconstruction.b. Standardisation & the need of DM implementationc. Informasi of activities to the public d. Report to President once each month & any timee. Making use of domestic/int’l assistancef. Accountability of budget g. Guidelines on BPBD (article 12)

2. BNPB’s functions: a. Formulation & stipulation of DM policy b. Coordination of DM activities (articlel 13)

1. BNPB’s duties:a. Guidelines & directives : prevention, emergency response, rehabilitation & reconstruction.b. Standardisation & the need of DM implementationc. Informasi of activities to the public d. Report to President once each month & any timee. Making use of domestic/int’l assistancef. Accountability of budget g. Guidelines on BPBD (article 20)

2. BPBD’s functions: a. Formulation & stipulation of DM policy b. Coordination of DM activities (articlel 21)

System

Before disaster

During disaster

After disaster

Situation without disaster threat

Situation with disaster threat

PlanningPreventionRisk reduntionEducationTrainingReaserch

MitigacyEarly warningPreparedness

Rapid assesmentLevel of emergency Rescue and evacuationBasic need coveredProtectionRecovery

Rehabilitation

Recontruction

InfrastructureSocialEconomicHealthSecurityEnveronment

Disaster Management

29

BEFORE AFTERDURING

DISASTER

EMERGENCY RESPONSE

REHABILITATION

PREPAREDNESS

PREVENTION

MITIGACY

30

National Disaster Management System

National System of Disaster Management LegislationInstitutionalizationPlanningImplementation of DMBudgetingScience and Technology

Basic ChangesAn umbrella and mandate to protect people from disaster risk.Change of paradigm from responsive to preventive andreadiness/preparedness.Integration of disaster management into developmentplanning (national & regional/local)Disaster Management : to be managed, implemented andfunded by government’s development budget (national &regional/local)Mandate to establish strong institution.People’s rights and obligations.

apr workshop on disaster management report - scout.org report page 1-30.pdf · salam pramuka let’...

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