ARABIAN LITERATUR

Eby: Shara May M.

Anacay BSE - English

Saudi ArabiaO It is found in the Middle East

between the Persian Gulf and the Red Sea.

O It boarders Jordan, Iraq, and Kuwait to the north, Yemen to the south, and Oman, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Qatar to the east.

O It is divided into 13 provinces.

DessertO95% of their land is

dessert.

RiyadhOThe capital, located in the central eastern part of the country.

ArabsOOriginated in the descendants

of indigenous tribes and lived along the Persian Gulf Coast.

Arabian PeninsulaOIs also the homeland of

Islam.

IslamOThe world’s second largest

religion.

Mecca and MedinaOTwo holy pilgrimage

cities.OMecca the Blessed

OMedina the Radiant

Ottoman EmpireODominated in the middle 18th century.

PorkOIt is considered unclean.

LunchODay’s main meal.

Alcohol consumption

ONightlife are forbidden.

AbayaOBlack robes and face covering of female as a sign of respect for Muslim modesty laws.

NepotismOFavoritism granted to

relatives.

StorytellingOAnother favorite form of artistic expression.

RamadanOThe holiest season marks fasting.

MuhammadOTheir prophet.Othe central figure of

Islam and widely identified as its founder by non-Muslims.

OHe is known as the "Holy Prophet" to Muslims, almost all of whom consider him to be the final prophet of God.

QuranOSacred scripture.O114 suras or chaptersO6,236 ayat or verses

ArabicOThe term for their

language.Oa Central Semitic

language that was first spoken in Iron Age northwestern Arabia and is now the lingua franca of the Arab world.

JihadOHoly war between

Christians and Muslims.

Umayyad EmpireOArabic Prose Literature –

grammatical treatise, commentaries on the Quran and compiling of stories about Muhammad.

OGhazals – love lyrics

Abbasid EmpireO“One thousand and One

Nights” – also called as the Arabian Nights. It is the collection of Middle Eastern South Asian stories and folk tales.

ORichard Francis Burton – translated the One thousand and One night to English version.

ORawis - storytellers

Modern PeriodONahdah –means

“reawakening”

OSaj or rhymed prose – most striking characteristics feature of Arabic prose.

Golden Age or Arabic Prose

OMora – interactive and assuring anecdotes.

OOccasional Poems – 2 to 20 lines; theme – about war and revenge and praise of one’s own tribe.

Collection or Anthologies

O Al – Mu’llagqat – a group of pre-Islamic Odes.

O 3 types of collection:1. Al-Mu-Allkat – “suspended”2. Al hamasa – anthrology compiled

by poets3. Mujaddiyat – collection of poems

Kasidas – a type of literatureAdab – Arabic word used for Literature which means “ etiquette”.

Types of Muslim1. Sunni – highest form of

Muslim ( 80% )2. Shiite – 10 – 16 persons3. Sufis – experience of god.4. Baha – modern Muslim

2 Major types of Muslim

1. Secularist Muslim – who do not have the knowledge of the Quran. They are the modern ones. They only know some verses of the Quran. (Surat Al Kahf)

2. Fundamentalist – foundations of Quran. They want to apply the more extreme verses of the Quran to the letter.

Fundamentalist beliefs:

1. The Prophet Muhammad urges Muslims to fight in the cause of Allah.

2. The Quran commands Muslims no to befriend Jews or Christians.

3. The Quran commands Muslims to fight Jews or Christians.

4. The Quran commands Muslims to fight non- Muslims until they are exterminate.

5. The Quran declares that Muslims who fight and die in the battle are promised forgiveness and a sexual luxurious life in paradise.

StoriesO The QuranO The Arabian NightsO The Lady and her five SuitorsO Love by Kahlil GibranO The ProphetO The Twelve ApostleO Bewildered ArabO The Food of ParadiseO The Greedy JackalO Count not your chicken before they

hatched

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