archaeological scheme of works report: nos. 23 and …

ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCHEME OF WORKS REPORT:

NOS. 23 AND 25 OLD ROW, WHALLEY ROAD, BARROW, LANCASHIRE

Planning Reference: 3/2016/0146

NGR: SD 373787 438441 AAL Site Code: BAWR 18

OASIS Reference Number: allenarc1-333182

Report prepared for Mulbury Limited

By Allen Archaeology Ltd

Report Number AAL 2018171

November 2018

Contents

Executive Summary .......................................................................................................................... 1

1.0 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 2

2.0 Site Location and Description ............................................................................................... 2

3.0 Planning Background ............................................................................................................ 2

4.0 Archaeological and Historical Background ........................................................................... 3

5.0 Aims and Objectives ............................................................................................................. 3

6.0 Methodology ........................................................................................................................ 3

Building Recording ........................................................................................................................ 3

Evaluation ..................................................................................................................................... 4

7.0 Results .................................................................................................................................. 5

Building Survey ............................................................................................................................. 5

No 23 Exterior (Figure 2, Figure 7) ............................................................................................... 5

No 23 Interior ............................................................................................................................... 6

Outbuilding behind No 23 (Figure 2, Figure 7) ........................................................................... 17

No 25 Exterior (Figure 2, Figure 7) ............................................................................................. 18

No 25 Interior ............................................................................................................................. 22

Extensions behind No 25 ............................................................................................................ 45

Lean-tos behind boundary wall (Figure 2) .................................................................................. 50

Evaluation (Figure 14 - Figure 15)............................................................................................... 51

8.0 Discussion (Figure 8 - Figure 13) ......................................................................................... 52

9.0 Conclusions ......................................................................................................................... 53

10.0 Effectiveness of Methodology ............................................................................................ 53

11.0 Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................ 53

12.0 References .......................................................................................................................... 53

List of Plates

Plate 1 (shot 1): Northwest elevation of white painted No 23. Looking southeast, 1m scale ......... 5 Plate 2 (shot 60): Southeast elevation of No 23. Looking northwest, 1m scale .............................. 6 Plate 3 (shot 223): Ground floor front room showing vestibule to the right. Looking southwest .. 6 Plate 4 (shot 216): General view of the front room. Looking northeast, 1m scale .......................... 7 Plate 5 (shot 220): Close up of front room fireplace. Looking northeast, 0.5m scale...................... 7 Plate 6 (shot 236): General view of the southeast kitchen wall. Looking southeast, scale 1m ....... 8 Plate 7 (shot 231): General view of the kitchen with fireplace and built in cupboard. Looking north, 1m scale ............................................................................................................................................ 8 Plate 8 (shot 239): Straight flight stair case leading to first floor. Looking southwest, 1m scale .... 9 Plate 9 (shot 242): General view of bedroom fronting the street. Looking northeast, 1m scale .. 10 Plate 10 (shot 245): General view of the bedroom fronting the street. Looking southwest, 1m scale ........................................................................................................................................................ 10

Plate 11 (shot 249): Blank and batten door in bedroom fronting the street. Looking southeast, 1m scale ................................................................................................................................................ 11 Plate 12 (shot 252): General view of the rear bedroom. Looking northeast, 1m scale ................. 11 Plate 13 (shot 254): Close up of rear bedroom window. Looking southeast, 0.50m scale ............ 12 Plate 14 (shot 258): General view of the rear bedroom. Looking southwest, 1m scale ................ 12 Plate 15 (shot 250): Modern rafters shown above earlier rafters and ridge. Brick repairs on the gable towards No 25. Looking southeast ....................................................................................... 13 Plate 16 (shot 213): Masonry on the northeast gable. Looking northwest ................................... 13 Plate 17 (shot 267): Cellar view looking towards the northeast wall. Looking north, 1m scale .... 14 Plate 18 (shot 270): General view of the cellar. Looking east, 1m scale ........................................ 14 Plate 19 (shot 271): Southeast wall of the cellar showing two bricked up openings. Looking east, 1m scale .......................................................................................................................................... 15 Plate 20 (shot 277): Northeast wall with two blocked square openings. Looking northeast, 1m scale ........................................................................................................................................................ 15 Plate 21 (shot 279): Northeast corridor under the kitchen. Looking southeast, 1m scale ............ 16 Plate 22 (shot 280): Coal chute at the end of the corridor on the northwest wall. Looking northwest ........................................................................................................................................................ 16 Plate 23 (shot 54): Northwest elevation. Looking southeast, 1m scale ......................................... 17 Plate 24 (shot 55): Northwest elevation and boundary wall with steps to carpark. Looking northeast, 1m scale ........................................................................................................................ 17 Plate 25 (shot 53): Northeast elevation. Looking southwest, 1m scale ......................................... 18 Plate 26 (shot 52): Southeast elevation. Looking northwest, 1m scale ......................................... 18 Plate 27 (shot 4): No 25 and former Italian restaurant ‘La Taverna’. Looking northeast .............. 19 Plate 28 (shot 3): Northwest elevation of No 25, arrow points to former cottage entrance. Looking southeast, 1m scale ........................................................................................................................ 19 Plate 29 (shot 15): Southwest elevation and former public house front elevation, arrows point to blocked cellar openings. Looking northeast, 1m scale ................................................................... 20 Plate 30 (shot 20): Modified original public house entrance on the southwest elevation. Looking northeast, 1m scale ........................................................................................................................ 21 Plate 31 (shot 32): Southeast elevation and extension. Looking northwest, 1m scale ................. 21 Plate 32 (shot 35): Southeast elevation of No 25. Looking northwest, 1m scale .......................... 22 Plate 33 (shot 119): General view of converted ground floor of former cottage. Looking west, 1m scale ................................................................................................................................................ 23 Plate 34 (shot 132): General view of the bar and northeast wall. Looking northeast, 1m scale ... 23 Plate 35 (shot 123): Close up of fireplace along the northeast wall. Looking northeast, 0.50m scale ........................................................................................................................................................ 24 Plate 36 (shot 124): Bar situated under the bressumer. Looking southeast, 1m scale ................. 24 Plate 37 (shot 136): Arched opening between dining room and corridor. Looking northeast, 1m scale ................................................................................................................................................ 25 Plate 38 (shot 139): General view of the 19th century extension. Looking west, 1m scale ........... 25 Plate 39 (shot 149): Southwest wall of the 19th century extension. Looking south, 1m scale ....... 26 Plate 40 (shot 145): Representative shot of window architrave in the dining room. Looking southwest, 0.50m scale .................................................................................................................. 27 Plate 41 (shot 91): Kitchen or scullery. Looking northeast, 1m scale ............................................ 27 Plate 42 (shot 78): Entrance to the ladies toilet block with potential blocked window to the left. Looking southwest, 1m scale ......................................................................................................... 28 Plate 43 (shot 83): Representative view of tiles and windows (ladies block). Looking southeast, 1m scale ................................................................................................................................................ 29 Plate 44 (photo 176): Stairs leading to first floor. Looking northeast, 1m scale ............................ 30 Plate 45 (shot 190): Blocked roof light above staircase. Looking northeast .................................. 30

Plate 46 (photo 178): First floor hallway with archway through original exterior wall. Looking southwest, 1m scale ....................................................................................................................... 31 Plate 47 (shot 181): Fireplace in bedroom 1, arrow points to hatch into the roof space. Looking north, 1m scale ............................................................................................................................... 31 Plate 48 (shot 180): Southwest wall with retained original sash window. Looking north, 1m scale ........................................................................................................................................................ 32 Plate 49 (shot 182): Close up of sash window. Looking southwest, 0.50m scale .......................... 32 Plate 50 (shot 185): Southwest wall, former exterior wall and original bedroom door. Looking south, 1m scale ............................................................................................................................... 33 Plate 51 (shot 192): Retained window in the second bedroom and along the southeast wall. Looking east, 1m scale .................................................................................................................... 33 Plate 52 (shot 191): Built in cupboard along the northeast wall. Looking east, 1m scale ............. 34 Plate 53 (shot 207): General view of the southwest bedroom. Looking west, 1m scale ............... 34 Plate 54 (shot 209): Close up of original window and architrave. Looking southwest, 0.50m scale ........................................................................................................................................................ 35 Plate 55 (shot 210): Northeast and former exterior wall showing scar after removed fireplace. Looking east, 1m scale .................................................................................................................... 36 Plate 56 (shot 201): Northeast wall and original door. Looking north, 1m scale ........................... 36 Plate 57 (shot 197): Southeast wall showing removed window and architrave. Looking south, 1m scale ................................................................................................................................................ 37 Plate 58 (shot 198): Southwest wall with original window and architrave. Looking south, 1m scale ........................................................................................................................................................ 37 Plate 59 (shot 203): General view of the bathroom with retained original window. .................... 38 Plate 60 (shot 187): Roof structure above old public house showing original exterior wall and stud wall for roof light on first floor landing. Looking southwest .......................................................... 38 Plate 61 (shot 186): Roof structure and northeast exterior wall showing stud wall for roof light on first floor landing. Looking southeast ............................................................................................. 39 Plate 62 (shot 213): General view of the roof structure, arrow points to brick addition. Looking northwest ....................................................................................................................................... 39 Plate 63 (shot 213): Jack rafters attached to a hip rafter supported by purlins, post and brace attached to a dragon beam. Looking west ..................................................................................... 40 Plate 64 (shot 214): Southeast corner of hipped roof. Looking south ........................................... 40 Plate 65 (shot 174): Cellar corridor looking towards the stairs. Notice the original flag stone floor. Looking northeast, 1m scale ........................................................................................................... 41 Plate 66 (shot 153): Opposite end of the northeast-southwest corridor terminating with a cupboard/pantry. Looking southwest, 1m scale ............................................................................ 42 Plate 67 (shot 173): Corridor west of stairs leading to blocked coal chute and opening, arrows pointing to blocked areas. Looking northwest, 1m scale ............................................................... 43 Plate 68 (shot 164): Fireplace against northeast wall in southwest cell. Looking north, 1m scale 43 Plate 69 (shot 163): Southeast wall of southwest cell. Looking east, 1m scale ............................. 44 Plate 70 (shot 161): Bricked up openings on the southwest and northwest walls. Looking west, 1m scale ................................................................................................................................................ 44 Plate 71 (shot 168): Southwest wall of southeast cell. Looking south, 1m scale ........................... 45 Plate 72 (shot 171): Northeast wall with blocked up fireplace. Looking north, 1m scale.............. 45 Plate 73 (shot 39): General view of extension northeast of No 25. Looking north, 1m scale ....... 46 Plate 74 (shot 57): Rendered northeast elevation of extensions northeast of No 25. Looking southwest, 1m scale ....................................................................................................................... 46 Plate 75 (shot 58): Northeast elevation of brick extension. Looking southwest, 1m scale ........... 47 Plate 76 (shot 46): Outbuilding to the rear of No 25. Looking northeast, 1m scale ...................... 47 Plate 77 (shot 101): General view of the kitchen. Looking east, 1m scale ..................................... 48 Plate 78 (shot 103): General view of the kitchen. Looking west, 1m scale .................................... 48

Plate 79 (110): Pantry. Looking southeast, 1m scale ..................................................................... 49 Plate 80 (shot 111): Storage area. Looking southeast, 1m scale.................................................... 49 Plate 81 (shot 49): Stone built lean-to behind No 25. Looking northwest, 1m scale ..................... 50 Plate 82 (shot 50): Lean-tos obstructed by vegetation. Looking west ........................................... 50 Plate 83: Representative section (trench 5). Looking northeast, 1m scale .................................... 51 Plate 84: North-facing section in trench 4. Looking south, 1m scale ............................................. 51 Plate 85: Representative shot of post-medieval land drains cutting natural geology (trench 2). Looking southeast, 1m scale. ......................................................................................................... 52

List of Appendices

Appendix 1: Photographic Archive List ........................................................................................... 55 Appendix 2: Context Summary List ................................................................................................ 62 Appendix 3: Figures ........................................................................................................................ 64

List of Figures

Figure 1: Site location outlined in red ............................................................................................ 64 Figure 2: Site location showing in red and surveyed buildings in blue. Amended base plan provided by the client .................................................................................................................................... 65 Figure 3: Location and direction of exterior photographs. Amended base plan provided by the client ............................................................................................................................................... 66 Figure 4: Ground floor plan showing location and direction of photographs ................................ 67 Figure 5: First floor plan showing location and direction of photographs ..................................... 68 Figure 6: Cellar plan showing location and direction of photographs ........................................... 69 Figure 7: Existing elevations ........................................................................................................... 70 Figure 8: Plan of phases I - VI ......................................................................................................... 71 Figure 9: Ordnance Survey map of 1844 with surveyed buildings in blue and site boundary in red ........................................................................................................................................................ 72 Figure 10: Ordnance Survey map of 1892 - 93 with surveyed buildings in blue and site boundary in red .................................................................................................................................................. 73 Figure 11: Ordnance Survey map of 1912 with surveyed buildings in blue and site boundary in red ........................................................................................................................................................ 74 Figure 12: Ordnance Survey map of 1932 with surveyed buildings in blue and site boundary in red ........................................................................................................................................................ 75 Figure 13: Ordnance Survey map of 1967 - 1969 with surveyed buildings in blue and site boundary in red ............................................................................................................................................... 76 Figure 14: Trench location plan with site boundary in red ............................................................ 77 Figure 15: Representative sections, see Figure 14 for location ..................................................... 78

Document Control

Element: Name: Date:

Report prepared by: Maria Stockdale MA MSc 08/11/2018

Illustrations prepared by: Maria Stockdale MA MSc 08/11/2018

Report edited by: Chris Clay BA MA (Hons) 13/11/2018

Report reviewed by: Tobin Rayner BSc (Hons) MSc ACIfA 30/11/2018

Version no.: starting with 0.1 Cover image: General view of Nos 23 and 25, looking north

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Executive Summary

Allen Archaeology Ltd was commissioned by Mulbury Limited to undertake an archaeological scheme of works, including a Level 3 building survey, and trial trenching, as a condition of planning consent for residential development at 23 and 25 Old Row, Whalley Road, Barrow, Lancashire.

There is some evidence of prehistoric and Roman activity in the area, with a flint working site at Claremont Sandpit and a Roman road from Ribchester to Illkey, to the west of the site. Medieval ridge and furrow has been recognised within Clitheroe Golf Course northwest of the site.

The buildings survey recognised six phases of development, spanning the late 18th century to the later 20th century. In the earliest phase, the property comprised a dwelling at the end of a row of terraces, known as Barrow House. It was later converted into a pub and hotel in the later 19th century, with a new façade to the southwest. Between 1912 and 1932, a small two up two down cottage, no 25, which was probably identical in plan form to the layout of the extant property at no 23 was incorporated into the pub. The last phases of development included some demolition of older outbuildings and the addition of a toilet block and other extensions to the rear of the pub.

The trial trenching comprised the excavation of seven trenches on land to the rear of the pub. Apart from a number of land drains no archaeological finds or features were encountered, suggesting a negligible archaeological potential for the proposed development area.

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1.0 Introduction

1.1 Allen Archaeology Ltd was commissioned by Mulbury Limited to undertake an archaeological scheme of works comprising a building survey and evaluation by trial trenching as part of a planning condition for a residential development at Nos 23 and 25 Old Row, Whalley Road in Barrow, Lancashire, BB7 9AZ.

1.2 The building recording and reporting conformed to current national guidelines, as set out in the Historic England document ‘Understanding Historic Buildings: A guide to good recording practice’ (Historic England 2016a), and the Chartered Institute for Archaeologists ‘Standard and guidance for the archaeological investigation and recording of standing buildings or structures’ (CIfA 2014a). The evaluation, recording and reporting conformed to current national guidelines, as set out in the Chartered Institute for Archaeologists ‘Standard and guidance for an archaeological evaluations’ (CIfA 2014b), the Historic England document ‘Management of Research Projects in the Historic Environment’ (Historic England 2015). All relevant Historic England guidelines on archaeological best practice were also followed, and the specification prepared by this company (AAL 2018).

1.3 The documentary and photographic archive will be submitted to Lancashire Archives within 12 months of the completion of the report.

2.0 Site Location and Description

2.1 Barrow is a village and civil parish in the Ribble Valley district in Lancashire, situated between Whalley and Clitheroe and bypassed by the A59. The site is located to the east of Whalley Road and fronted by the former King Charles Public House. To the rear of the site the land is generally flat and bounded by mature trees and hedgerows. The site is centred on NGR SD 373787 438441 (Figure 1).

2.2 The bedrock geology comprises Clitheroe Limestone formation and Hodder Mudstone formation, overlain by a superficial geology of glacial till (http://mapapps.bgs.ac.uk/geologyofbritain/home.html).

3.0 Planning Background

3.1 Between 2012 and 2016 planning applications were sought for residential development of the site (3/2101/0623, 3/2014/0846 and 3/2016/0146). The proposed application is for: ‘23 dwellings, following the demolition of Nos. 23 25 Old Row and with indicative details submitted for access, parking and associated landscaping’. Planning permission was granted (2016) for carrying out the development subject to conditions including ‘No works shall take place on the site until the applicant, or their agent or successors in title, has secured the implementation of a programme of archaeological work. This must be carried out in accordance with a written scheme of investigation, which shall first have been submitted to and agreed in writing by the Local Planning Authority.’

3.2 The approach adopted is consistent with the guidelines that are set out in the National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) (Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government 2018) and Policy DME4 of the Ribble Valley Core Strategy.

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4.0 Archaeological and Historical Background

4.1 The development site lies immediately adjacent to areas considered to have a high potential for prehistoric, Roman and Medieval activity, as identified in the ALSF Aggregate Extraction in the Lower Ribble Valley Final Report (Oxford Archaeology North/University of Liverpool, 2007). Well-preserved archaeological deposits of either a prehistoric or Roman date would be likely to be considered of regional, and possibly, national importance.

4.2 There is some evidence of prehistoric and Roman activity in the area, with Mesolithic flint working recorded at Claremont Sandpit (Lancashire Historic Environment Record PRN 1951). The Roman road from Ribchester to Ilkley, Margary 72a (PRN 26145) passes the site to the west.

4.3 Medieval ridge and furrow (PRN 28084) has been recorded at Clitheroe Golf Course, c.350m northwest of the site.

4.4 The 1st Edition 1:10560 Ordnance Survey, surveyed in 1844 (Lancashire Sheet 55) shows the site of the former King Charles Public House to have been occupied by Barrow House. The building is therefore considered to be of some historical interest, most likely dating from the late 18th or early 19th century (Figure 9).

5.0 Aims and Objectives

5.1 The purpose of the building survey was to allow for the structures to be preserved by record prior to any proposed alterations. The archaeological investigation by trial trenching was to evaluate the potential for archaeological remains within the proposed development area, and to inform the local authority of their date, extent and depth on which they could base any further decisions regarding the necessity for any further mitigation.

6.0 Methodology

Building Recording

6.1 The works were carried out in accordance with the standards and guidance set out in the Historic England document: Understanding Historic Buildings, A Guide to Good Recording Practice (Historic England 2016a) for a Level 3 survey. The building survey was undertaken by Tobin Rayner of AAL who recorded all aspects of the relevant buildings prior to any demolition works. Site visits took place between 4th October and 16th of October 2018.

6.2 Photographs were taken using high resolution digital photography of at least 12 megapixels and saved as TIF files, of the following: -

All external elevations

All internal elevations, including internal walls and subdivisions

The roof structure of the buildings, internally and externally, where visible

The relationship of the structures to their surroundings

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Architectural details, i.e. windows, doors, decorative brickwork, and other significant features, fixtures or fittings. Generally a single representative shot was taken of particular features such as windows or openings of a single type that occur more than once within the structure

A general internal photographic record. Photographs were taken of each room/discrete internal space from sufficient points to show the form, general appearance and methods of construction

6.3 Metric scales of appropriate length and a tripod were used when required, with all photos annotated and linked to a floor plan. Hand measured and digitised plans and elevation drawings based on photogrammetry were produced to illustrate all relevant features using the standard Historic England drawing conventions (2016b) (Figure 2 - Figure 7). A section showing the roof construction was not possible due to lack of safe access.

6.4 provisional phasing included in the written narrative has been identified on a site plan (Figure 8). Map regression and the study of readily available documentary sources are also included to provide a historical context to the site (Figure 9 - Figure 13).

Evaluation

6.5 The trial trenching entailed the excavation of seven trenches, 30m long by 1.8m wide (equating to 4% of the development area) located as shown on Figure 14. The fieldwork was undertaken by a team of experienced field archaeologists between 24th and 25th September 2018.

6.6 The trenches were accurately located using a Leica GS08 RTK NetRover GPS. In each trench a tracked 360° excavator fitted with a smooth ditching bucket was used to remove topsoil, subsoil and underlying non-archaeological deposits in spits no greater than 100mm in depth. The process was repeated until the first archaeologically significant or natural horizon was exposed. All further excavation was then be by hand. Machine excavation was be monitored at all times by an experienced field archaeologist.

6.7 Metal detecting was carried out during the initial machine excavation of the trenches as well as of spoil heaps, with a unit not set to discriminate against iron.

6.8 A full written record of the deposits was be made on standard Allen Archaeology Limited context recording sheets. Sections were marked with string and nails and allocated an individual drawing number. A comprehensive record of all drawings were maintained, and the location of every section drawing plotted onto the site master plan and correctly referenced. All excavated sections were drawn at an appropriate scale (1:20, Figure 15).

6.9 All archaeological deposits and features were recorded in digital photography, with an identification number board, appropriate metric scales and a north arrow. General site shots were also be taken to show the location of the groundworks and the stratigraphic sequence.

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7.0 Results

Building Survey

7.1 The building survey considered two properties, No 23 and the adjoining No 25, a former public house and more recently an Italian restaurant ‘La Taverna’, both flanking the east side of Whalley Road. Each property will be described individually, starting with an exterior account followed by an interior.

No 23 Exterior (Figure 2, Figure 7)

7.2 House number 23 consists of a narrow fronted two up two down property with a cellar, and adjoins No 25 to the northwest (Plate 1), forming part of a row of houses fronting Whalley Road. Originally it was part of a larger structure, the southern half of which has been incorporated into No 25. The structure has a double pitched roof covered in plain tiles, possibly concrete. Below the eaves and wall plate is a row of stone corbels which is a feature seen on many of the cottages along Whalley Road, although more commonly seen below the soffit. Some display dressed capital corbels. The soffit may have been removed or is hidden behind the modern guttering. Two chimneys extends through the apex of the roof. A brick stack with a single chimney pot is located at the centre of the roof and a rendered stone stack is located at the northeast gable.

7.3 The northwest elevation fronting the street is rendered and painted, with a low stone plinth and rusticated quoins to the northeast, matching those seen on No 25 and other buildings along the road. There is a tall window with stone lintels and sills on each floor with a front door to the southwest. All openings have been boarded with metal sheets.

Plate 1 (shot 1): Northwest elevation of No 23. Looking southeast, 1m scale

7.4 The windows to the rear of the property mirror those to the front (Plate 2). Again the elevation is rendered.

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Plate 2 (shot 60): Southeast elevation of No 23. Looking northwest, 1m scale

No 23 Interior

Ground Floor (Figure 4)

7.5 The ground floor comprises a front room, and a kitchen to the rear, with the staircase acting as a partition between the two rooms. The front room has been shielded from the main entrance from the street by a small vestibule with a glazed 20th century door with four lights (Plate 3). The window has a fixed arched bottom panel with a top awning.

Plate 3 (shot 223): Ground floor front room showing vestibule to the right. Looking southwest

7.6 A section of wallpaper and render has been removed on the northeast wall revealing some of the building stone in course rubble beneath (Plate 4). The chimney stack in the centre of

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the wall is fitted with a later 20th century, tiled fireplace (Plate 5) with lusterware grate and a built in cupboard to the east.

Plate 4 (shot 216): General view of the front room. Looking northeast, 1m scale

Plate 5 (shot 220): Close up of front room fireplace. Looking northeast, 0.5m scale

7.7 The kitchen has a tiled section of later date on the southeast wall between the sink and the modern back door (Plate 6). On the northeast wall is a 20th century fireplace with brick and mahogany coloured timber surround, adjacent is a tall, built in cupboard (Plate 7). The straight flight staircase is accessed from the northwest corner of the kitchen and has a cellar entrance underneath (Plate 8).

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Plate 6 (shot 236): General view of the southeast kitchen wall. Looking southeast, scale 1m

Plate 7 (shot 231): General view of the kitchen with fireplace and built in cupboard. Looking north, 1m scale

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Plate 8 (shot 239): Straight flight staircase leading to first floor. Looking southwest, 1m scale

First Floor (Figure 5)

7.8 On the first floor are two bedrooms, one facing the street and the other facing the rear of the property. The bedroom facing the street has a 19th century fireplace on the northeast wall (Plate 9). To the west of the fireplace an original main beam stretches across the length of the ceiling, covered in wallpaper. The window follows the same style as in the front room (Plate 10).

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Plate 9 (shot 242): General view of bedroom fronting the street. Looking northeast, 1m scale

Plate 10 (shot 245): General view of the bedroom fronting the street. Looking southwest, 1m scale

7.9 The bedroom door is a plank and batten door, which is neither ledged nor braced. It is likely to be original as the planks are the same width as the extant original plank floor.

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Plate 11 (shot 249): Blank and batten door in bedroom fronting the street. Looking southeast, 1m scale

7.10 The smaller bedroom to the rear has a chimney breast on the northeast wall, but the room does not appear to have had a fireplace (Plate 12). An original main beam extends along the length of ceiling as seen in the other bedroom. A cupboard has been built above the stairs, fitted with a 1950s door. The window has a single awning opening at the top, the bottom section has two lights and a splayed glazing bar (Plate 13). The door is identical to that of the other bedroom (Plate 14).

Plate 12 (shot 252): General view of the rear bedroom. Looking northeast, 1m scale

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Plate 13 (shot 254): Close up of rear bedroom window. Looking southeast, 0.50m scale

Plate 14 (shot 258): General view of the rear bedroom. Looking southwest, 1m scale

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Roof space

7.11 The roof space was photographed through a hatch in the ceiling. Some of the earlier rafters have remained in situ but in function have been replaced by modern timbers, and new felt overlays the rafters (Plate 15). The rafters rest on purlins and a ridge piece fixed in position by the opposing gables, which are built of unsorted masonry with brick repairs towards the adjoining cottage to the south (Plate 15 and Plate 16).

Plate 15 (shot 250): Modern rafters shown above earlier rafters and ridge piece. Brick repairs on the gable towards No 25. Looking southeast

Plate 16 (shot 213): Masonry on the northeast gable. Looking northwest

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Cellar (Figure 6)

7.12 The cellar comprised a main, rectangular cell following the outline of the kitchen, with under stairs storage and a narrow corridor to the southwest, extending along the southwest wall beneath the front room. Against the northeast wall of the main cell is an early storage unit with brick sides and stone slab shelving (Plate 17). The cellar is likely to have functioned as a larder where produce needing to be kept cool was stored. Next to the shelves and in the ceiling are the footings of the fireplace in the kitchen above.

Plate 17 (shot 267): Cellar view looking towards the northeast wall. Looking north, 1m scale

7.13 Two openings towards the rear of the property which once would have offered some daylight have been bricked up (Plate 18 and Plate 19). These were not observed from the outside as the area was too overgrown.

Plate 18 (shot 270): General view of the cellar. Looking east, 1m scale

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Plate 19 (shot 271): Southeast wall of the cellar showing two bricked up openings. Looking east, 1m scale

7.14 On the southwest wall were two smaller niches of unknown function, potentially lamp alcoves (Plate 20).

Plate 20 (shot 277): Northeast wall with possible lamp alcoves. Looking northeast, 1m scale

7.15 At the end of the corridor under the front room there is a small square opening which once functioned as a coal chute (Plate 21). The hatch is still visible from the path outside the front door of the building.

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Plate 21 (shot 279): Northeast corridor under the kitchen. Looking southeast, 1m scale

Plate 22 (shot 280): Coal chute at the end of the corridor on the northwest wall. Looking northwest

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Outbuilding behind No 23 (Figure 2, Figure 7)

7.16 A small stone outbuilding with mono-pitched roof to the rear of No 23 was inaccessible during the survey (Plate 23 - Plate 26). It may have functioned as an outdoor toilet and/or scullery as no plumbing was encountered within the cottage. Two blocked entrances are located on the northwest elevation (Plate 23). The building abuts a stone boundary wall with chamfered copings and steps leading to an access to the car park beyond (Plate 24). The wall and outbuilding may be contemporary.

Plate 23 (shot 54): Northwest elevation. Looking southeast, 1m scale

Plate 24 (shot 55): Northwest elevation and boundary wall with steps to car park. Looking northeast, 1m scale

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Plate 25 (shot 53): Northeast elevation. Looking southwest, 1m scale

Plate 26 (shot 52): Southeast elevation. Looking northwest, 1m scale

No 25 Exterior (Figure 2, Figure 7)

7.17 Property No 25 comprises the former Italian restaurant ‘La Taverna’ which throughout its history has primarily functioned as a public house and then a restaurant in more recent years. At some point it acquired half of the property next door, a former two up two down cottage (Plate 27). The structure is two storeys with a stuccoed and painted front with rusticated quoins outlining the former pub. The roof is hipped and covered with slate. A moulded cornice serves as a gutter which feeds into Victorian guttering on the southwest wall. A large chimney stack of ashlar protrudes through the apex of the roof, only two ceramic chimney pots remain. The brick chimney above the former cottage is made of brick

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rather than stone and is likely to be of later date. All windows are tall with plain stone surrounds and are boarded up.

7.18 The northwest elevation has four boarded up openings (Plate 28), three windows and a door. Another entrance to the cottage has been bricked up and is situated south of the northernmost window and partially covered by a restaurant sign. Vertical scars in the stucco and a coal chute in front of the former opening are the only tell tale signs of its former position. An adjacent window in the former cottage is likely to have been enlarged, probably when this part of the building was partitioned off from no 23. Another doorway with lamp above is located further to the northeast.

Plate 27 (shot 4): Former Italian restaurant ‘La Taverna’, looking northeast

Plate 28 (shot 3): Northwest elevation of No 25, arrow points to former cottage entrance. Looking southeast, 1m scale

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7.19 The main entrance to the former pub is on the southwest elevation, and has been blocked up and replaced by a window (Plate 29). The original moulded surround and flat topped pediment is still in situ (Plate 30). The step below the door appears to have been removed. Two openings to the cellar have been blocked. The former doorway is flanked by two further windows, with three windows on the first floor.

Plate 29 (shot 15): Southwest elevation and former public house front elevation, arrows point to blocked cellar openings. Looking northeast, 1m scale

7.20 To the rear of the building, on the southeast elevation is a single storey modern extension with flat roof. It is completely rendered and the windows with plain stone sills and lintels follow the same style as those on the first and ground floor of the former public house (Plate 31 and Plate 32). The modern security door has the same style as the back door of No 23.

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Plate 30 (shot 20): Modified original public house entrance on the southwest elevation. Looking northeast, 1m scale

Plate 31 (shot 32): Southeast elevation and extension. Looking northwest, 1m scale

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Plate 32 (shot 35): Southeast elevation of No 25. Looking northwest, 1m scale

No 25 Interior

Ground Floor (Figure 4)

7.21 A hallway runs from the main entrance on the northwest elevation, turning southwest towards the rear of the property. To the northeast of this is a dining room and bar area extending into the converted former cottage. To the other side of the hallway is another dining room. Further down the corridor is a kitchen or scullery and access to later kitchen extension.

7.22 The original window in the converted cottage has been replaced with a modern PVC window with a fixed large bottom section with an awning opening at the top (Plate 33). A steel girder defines the former partition between the cottage and the pub. There was no evidence for the former opening to the cottage. a dado rail running around the walls is of later date as it overlays the area of the former entrance and partition.

23

Plate 33 (shot 119): General view of converted ground floor of former cottage. Looking west, 1m scale

7.23 The original staircase and access to first floor has been removed and a new ceiling added. On the northeast wall is a fireplace, the late 19th century Adamesque surround is a later introduction and the hearth is modern. The wood floor and the central heating system is also of modern date (Plate 34 and Plate 35). Towards the northeast corner of the room is a later added vestibule to the rear access. There are no original features of the former cottage left.

7.24 There was no visible access to the cottage cellar which may have been blocked off. A coal chute hatch outside the former entrance is the only evidence of a cellar.

Plate 34 (shot 132): General view of the bar and northeast wall of the cottage. Looking northeast, 1m scale

24

Plate 35 (shot 123): Close up of fireplace along the northeast wall. Looking northeast, 0.50m scale

7.25 The bar (Plate 36) situated within the former public house is modern and likely to have been constructed during the period when the building was being utilised as an Italian restaurant.

Plate 36 (shot 124): Bar partially situated under beam defining former partition to cottage. Looking southeast, 1m scale

25

7.26 The dining room in the south part of the building is situated within a pre mid-19th century extension. It is accessed through a large basket arched opening inserted into what was originally an exterior wall (Plate 37). The main beams aligned northeast-southwest across the ceiling are re-production and formed using plywood (Plate 38).

Plate 37 (shot 136): Arched opening between dining room and corridor. Looking northeast, 1m scale

7.27 A section in the plaster along the northwest wall has been opened up, revealing an area of repair work with modern engineering bricks (Plate 38).

Plate 38 (shot 139): General view of the 19th century extension. Looking west, 1m scale

7.28 The original walk in window architraves are still in situ but the windows themselves have been replaced by modern PVC of the same style as that in the bar (Plate 39 and Plate 40).

26

The architrave around the central window has been modified as it is a converted doorway (see Plate 30). The dado and skirting boards are likely to be of later date.

Plate 39 (shot 149): Southwest wall of the 19th century extension. Looking south, 1m scale

7.29 To the rear of the bar is a former kitchen or scullery with access to the bar in the northwest and access to the corridor and dining room to the southwest. The lower part of the northeast wall is tiled and on the southeast wall is a two over two sash window (Plate 41 (shot 91): Kitchen or scullery. Looking northeast, 1m scale).

27

Plate 40 (shot 145): Representative shot of window architrave in the dining room. Looking southwest, 0.50m scale

Plate 41 (shot 91): Kitchen or scullery. Looking northeast, 1m scale

7.30 The women’s and men’s toilet block is situated within the rear flat roof extension to the southeast. The entrance to the ladies block is in the southeast corner of the former pub,

28

and is probably a new opening formed for that purpose. A niche in the corridor leading to this entrance is likely a former blocked up walk-in window as seen in the dining room or rear doorway (Plate 42).

Plate 42 (shot 78): Entrance to the ladies toilet block with potential blocked window to the left. Looking southwest, 1m scale

7.31 The majority of the walls and floors have been tiled, the ceiling is timbered and fitted with modern spotlights and once again, the windows are modern uPVC’s with bottom fixed panel and top awning opening (Plate 43).

29

Plate 43 (shot 83): Representative view of tiles and windows (ladies block). Looking southeast, 1m scale

First floor (Figure 5)

7.32 The first floor is accessed from the corridor between the 19th century extension and the earlier public house. A dog-legged staircase with a blocked roof light (Plate 44 and Plate 45) leads up to a hallway. This is split into two sections by the former exterior wall of the original public house, with an archway linking the two sides (Plate 46). The first floor plan consists of two bedrooms within the old structure and a further two rooms and a bathroom in the southwest extension.

30

Plate 44 (shot 176): Stairs leading to first floor. Looking northeast, 1m scale

Plate 45 (shot 190): Blocked roof light above staircase. Looking northeast

31

Plate 46 (photo 178): First floor hallway with archway through original exterior wall. Looking southwest, 1m scale

7.33 The first bedroom to the right of the hallway was originally heated but the fireplace along the northeast wall with modern surround has been blocked (Plate 47). The chimney stack has been removed from the roof above. The original sash window has been retained on the southwest wall facing the street (Plate 48 and Plate 49). The floor was covered in modern carpet and all walls were covered in wallpaper.

Plate 47 (shot 181): Fireplace in bedroom 1, arrow points to hatch into the roof space. Looking north, 1m scale

32

Plate 48 (shot 180): Southwest wall with original sash window. Looking north, 1m scale

Plate 49 (shot 182): Close up of sash window. Looking southwest, 0.50m scale

7.34 The southwest wall is the original exterior wall, it too has been wallpapered and modern central heating has been installed (Plate 50). The six panalled bedroom door is of early date and may be original or installed when the extension was built.

33

Plate 50 (shot 185): Southwest, former exterior wall and original bedroom door. Looking south, 1m scale

7.35 The second bedroom across the hall has also retained its original window and an early door, both of the same style as in the opposite bedroom (Plate 51). A built in cupboard has been constructed in the northwest corner of the room (Plate 52).

Plate 51 (shot 192): Window in the second bedroom and along the southeast wall. Looking east, 1m scale

34

Plate 52 (shot 191): Built in cupboard on the northeast wall. Looking east, 1m scale

7.36 The southwest bedroom, located through the archway in the later extension, has unlike its ground floor counterpart, retained an original window as well as its architrave (Plate 53 and Plate 54).

Plate 53 (shot 207): General view of the southwest bedroom. Looking west, 1m scale

35

Plate 54 (shot 209): Close up of original window and architrave. Looking southwest, 0.50m scale

7.37 The original bedroom door has been retained and is of the same style as in the earlier building, suggesting those were installed when the building was extended. Evidence for an earlier, blocked fireplace could be observed along the northeast wall and a section missing in the skirting board suggests something has been removed (Plate 55). The modern carpet covered any trace of an earlier hearth.

36

Plate 55 (shot 210): Northeast and former exterior wall showing scar of removed fireplace. Looking east, 1m scale

7.38 The southeast bedroom across the hall also shows a bright feature on the northeast wall behind the modern radiator (Plate 56). A change in style of skirting board below suggest a later infill or replacement, suggesting a previous fireplace has been blocked up here.

Plate 56 (shot 201): Northeast wall and original door. Looking north, 1m scale

7.39 A section was missing in the skirting board on the southeast wall and a scar was visible on the wall, suggesting a window has been removed and blocked up (Plate 57). One original window and architrave still remained on the southwest wall (Plate 58).

37

Plate 57 (shot 197): Southeast wall showing removed window and architrave. Looking south, 1m scale

Plate 58 (shot 198): Southwest wall with original window and architrave. Looking south, 1m scale

7.40 The bathroom is likely to be a later addition. The original window has been retained but the bottom glass has been replaced and all fittings are modern (Plate 59).

38

Plate 59 (shot 203): General view of the bathroom with original window.

Roof Space

7.41 The roof space was observed through a hatch in the ceiling of the northwest bedroom. A stud wall structure, lathed and plastered from the inside had been built to accommodate a roof light, positioned on the first floor landing (Plate 60 and Plate 61). The roof light is not visible from the outside. The purlins were fixed on the opposing gables of the structure with modern replacement common rafters above, and new roof felt has been added. Both interior gables have been rendered.

Plate 60 (shot 187): Roof structure above old public house showing original exterior wall and stud wall for roof light on first floor landing. Looking southwest

39

Plate 61 (shot 186): Roof structure and northeast exterior wall showing stud wall for roof light on first floor landing. Looking southeast

7.42 The hipped roof space over the 19th century extension was observed through a hatch in the small hallway northeast of the bathroom. The exterior of the wall is covered in early render. Common rafters extends to a ridge beam whereas the jack rafters are supported by two large hip rafters and purlins. Extra support is given by posts and braces attached to large dragon beams (Plate 62 - Plate 64).

Plate 62 (shot 213): General view of the roof structure, arrow points to brick addition. Looking northwest

40

Plate 63 (shot 213): Jack rafters attached to a hip rafter supported by purlins, post and brace attached to a dragon beam. Looking west

Plate 64 (shot 214): Southeast corner of hipped roof. Looking south

Cellar (Figure 6)

7.43 The cellar was accessed from the bar area situated within the original public house. The layout consists of a northeast-southwest corridor with the staircase to the northeast and a larder to the southwest (Plate 65 and Plate 66). There is a smaller corridor to the northwest and two large cells to the northwest and southeast of the corridor. The floor retained its original flag stones. Plinths/skirting boards along the corridor leading from the southwest cell to the stairs are presumably an addition to protect the walls from moving goods to and from the bar, rather than a decorative feature. Many of the walls and ground floor joists were painted white.

41

Plate 65 (shot 174): Cellar corridor looking towards the stairs. Notice the original flag stone floor. Looking northeast, 1m scale

42

Plate 66 (shot 153): Opposite end of the northeast-southwest corridor terminating with a cupboard/pantry. Looking southwest, 1m scale

7.44 The corridor northwest of the stairs is situated between two partitions in close proximity to the northeast wall of the original pub, originally leading to a coal chute, which is now blocked. The southern partition appears to have had an entrance at the end of the corridor towards the northwest wall where there is a segment of bricks stretching from floor to ceiling suggesting a blocked opening (Plate 67). The cellar below the former cottage is presumably still extant but there is no access from the cellar under the pub.

7.45 The southwest cell contained a fireplace built against the northeast wall, not fully visible due to items stacked in front of it (Plate 68). The position of the fireplace in the cellar would suggest this is where the cooking was originally conducted and the small room outside is likely to have served as larder. The section west of the fireplace has been bricked up.

43

Plate 67 (shot 173): Corridor west of stairs leading to blocked coal chute and opening, arrows pointing to blocked areas. Looking northwest, 1m scale

Plate 68 (shot 164): Fireplace against northeast wall in southwest cell. Looking north, 1m scale

44

7.46 A later I-beam has been inserted to support the upper floor, and the ceiling has been laid with modern MDF boards, but the original beams are still in situ (Plate 69). Potentially two openings have been bricked up, one on the southwest wall which has retained its original window frame with shutter and one potential opening on the northwest wall (Plate 70).

Plate 69 (shot 163): Southeast wall of southwest cell. Looking east, 1m scale

Plate 70 (shot 161): Bricked up openings on the southwest and northwest walls. Looking west, 1m scale

7.47 The southeast cell across the corridor has of late been used as a laundry room. The floor slopes down towards the corridor, presumably to alleviate the movement of barrels or heavy goods. It has a large, braced, plank and batten double door on the southwest wall which connects to the service or delivery hatch on the southwest corner of the 19th century extension (Plate 71). The fireplace on the northeast wall has been blocked up (Plate 72). Modern fixtures and fittings for beer taps are installed throughout the cellar with pipework

45

leading to the bar area via the northwest corridor. Instead of stone flags the floor has a cement surface.

Plate 71 (shot 168): Southwest wall of southeast cell. Looking south, 1m scale

Plate 72 (shot 171): Northeast wall with blocked up fireplace. Looking north, 1m scale

Extensions behind No 25

Exterior (Figure 2, Figure 7)

7.48 A row of extensions with mono-pitched roofs have been added to the northeast corner of the former public house and restaurant (Plate 73 and Plate 74). The one closest to and accessed from No 25 is brick built, stuccoed and painted. The roof is covered in slate and

46

has ceramic ridge tiles, on the southwest wall are two blocked up windows. A modern extraction ventilation pipe protrudes from the same elevation.

Plate 73 (shot 39): General view of extension northeast of No 25. Looking north, 1m scale

Plate 74 (shot 57): Rendered northeast elevation of extensions northeast of No 25. Looking southwest, 1m scale

7.49 Another extension has been built along the southeast wall, it too has been stuccoed and does not reveal its building material from the exterior. The roof is flat and covered in bitumen felt with guttering below the southwest eaves. The door and window with plain stone lintels and sill have been blocked with metal sheets.

7.50 A modern brick extension and lean-to in stretcher bond has been added to the southeast wall of the former cottage and the extension closest to No 25 (Plate 75). The mono-pitched roof is covered in slate. There are two square and boarded up windows with stone lintels and sills on the northeast elevation, with no access from the yard.

47

Plate 75 (shot 58): Northeast elevation of brick extension. Looking southwest, 1m scale

7.51 In the yard behind No 25 and abutting the boundary wall is a small square outbuilding in rendered brick (Plate 76). The access on the northwest corner has been blocked with metal sheets and was not accessible. The double pitched roof is covered in slate with matching slate ridge tiles. Guttering has been fixed to the fascia under the southwest eave, below the guttering is a large crack in the render.

Plate 76 (shot 46): Outbuilding to the rear of No 25. Looking northeast, 1m scale

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Interior (Figure 4)

7.52 The northeast extensions were only accessible from the rear of the bar area. The larger extension comprised the former kitchen (Plate 77 - Plate 78). The walls are either tiled or clad in metal sheets.

Plate 77 (shot 101): General view of the kitchen. Looking east, 1m scale

Plate 78 (shot 103): General view of the kitchen. Looking west, 1m scale

7.53 The access to the southeast led to a small pantry and a storage area with service entrance (Plate 79 and Plate 80).

49

Plate 79 (110): Pantry. Looking southeast, 1m scale

Plate 80 (shot 111): Storage area. Looking southeast, 1m scale

50

Lean-tos behind boundary wall (Figure 2)

7.54 The boundary wall behind Nos 23 and 25 is abutted by a row of lean-tos, with mono-pitched roof (Plate 81 and Plate 82). A large tree and surrounding shrubs obstructed the survey and the structures were inaccessible. The lean-tos were constructed of stone and the mono-pitched roof fitted with new corrugated sheeting. All openings were blocked.

Plate 81 (shot 49): Stone built lean-to behind No 25. Looking northwest, 1m scale

Plate 82 (shot 50): Lean-tos obstructed by vegetation. Looking west

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Evaluation (Figure 14 - Figure 15)

7.55 All excavated trenches, apart from Trench 4 showed the same sequence of deposits (Figure 15), comprising a natural geology of firm light brown orange glacial till, sealed by approximately 0.1m – 0.20m thick subsoil and c.0.15m thick topsoil (Plate 83).

Plate 83: Representative section (trench 5). Looking northeast, 1m scale

7.56 In the western half of Trench 4, a 0.46m thick dumped deposit, 403, was observed sealing the natural geology, which in turn was sealed by topsoil (Plate 84).

Plate 84: North-facing section in trench 4. Looking south, 1m scale

7.57 Apart from a number of land drains, all trenches were devoid of cut archaeological features (Plate 85).

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Plate 85: Representative shot of land drains cutting natural geology in Trench 2. Looking southeast, 1m scale.

8.0 Discussion (Figure 8 - Figure 13)

8.1 The building survey has identified at least six phases of development (Figure 8). The earliest phase dates back to the construction of the ’Old Row’ cottages with associated outbuildings along Whalley Road in the late 18th century or early 19th century, as shown on the map from 1844 (Figure 9). This map shows the earliest phase of the buildings forming the end of a row of terraces, annotated ‘Barrow House’. It has been suggested that the house may have been owned by the owner of Barrow Printworks (Comments made by the Parish Council 13/08/2012). Unfortunately this study was unable to verify this statement.

8.2 The second phase of the building comprises the extension to the southwest, with an elaborate southwest elevation, and was present by the time of the 1844 map. This area of the building is currently occupied by a dining room with exposed beams in the ceiling, and an arched opening has been formed to allow access to the older part of the building. It has two bedrooms above, and a later bathroom.

8.3 During the third phase, between the mid-19th century and 1892-93, the house was transformed into a public house and the name was changed to the Dog & Partridge Hotel, likely requiring substantial internal alterations (Figure 10). The smaller outhouses shown on the 1844 map appears to have been replaced or extended, and a large outbuilding was also added to the rear of the hotel (no longer extant). Of note is that the map suggests the same property owner for both the public house and the adjacent cottage.

8.4 The property lines further merge during the fourth phase, between 1893 and 1912 (Figure 11), and the extant northeast extension was constructed, as were a number of smaller outbuildings along the boundary wall to the southeast.

8.5 The fifth phase occurs between 1912 and 1932, when the southernmost cottage becomes incorporated into the public house (Figure 12).

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8.6 The sixth phase occurred between 1932 and 1967. Some of the outbuildings to the southeast were demolished and the pub constructed a car park to the rear. The toilet block is likely to date to the 1960s and is shown on the map from 1967, which shows the site with its current layout (Figure 13). The former public house has of late functioned as an Italian restaurant.

8.7 Apart from a number of land drains, the archaeological evaluation trenches proved to be devoid of archaeological cut features. It is likely the site has remained undeveloped agricultural land down to the present day. A dumped deposit in Trench 4 may relate to building activity associated with the pub.

9.0 Conclusions

9.1 The archaeological scheme of works have been able to preserve Nos 23 and 25 by record. Six phases of development were recognised which span a period from the late 18th century up to the 1960s. The archaeological evaluation suggests a negligible archaeological potential for the remainder of the development area.

10.0 Effectiveness of Methodology

10.1 The building survey and evaluation methodologies were appropriate to the nature and extent of the proposed development. The building survey has allowed for a permanent record to be created of the standing historic structures of No 23 and 25. The trial trenching has confirmed a negligible potential for the remainder of the site.

11.0 Acknowledgements

11.1 Allen Archaeology would like to thank Mulbury Limited for this commission.

12.0 References

AAF, 2011, Archaeological Archives: A guide to best practice in creation, compilation, transfer and curation, Archaeological Archives Forum AAL, 2018, Specification for an archaeological scheme of works: Nos. 23 to 25 Old Row, Whalley Road, Barrow, Lancashire, Allen Archaeology project document CIfA, 2014a, Standard and guidance for the archaeological investigation and recording of standing buildings or structures. Chartered Institute for Archaeologists, Reading CIfA, 2014b, Standard and guidance for archaeological evaluations, Chartered Institute for Archaeologists: Reading Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government, 2018, National Planning Policy Framework. London, Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government English Heritage, 2011, Environmental Archaeology: A guide to the theory and practice of methods, from sampling and recovery to post-excavation (second edition), Centre for Archaeology Guidelines, English Heritage: Swindon

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Historic England, 2015, Management of Research Projects in the Historic Environment: The MoRPHE Project Managers’ Guide, Historic England: Swindon Historic England, 2016a, Understanding Historic Buildings: A guide to good recording practice. Historic England Historic England, 2016b, Drawing for understanding. Creating interpretive drawings of historic buildings. Historic England

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Appendix 1: Photographic Archive List

Photo Number

Direction Structure Interior/ Exterior

Description

1 SE No 23-25 Exterior Northwest elevation



4 NE No 23-25 Exterior Northwest elevation

5 SE No 23 Exterior Northwest elevation, ground floor window

6 SE No 23 Exterior Northwest elevation, first floor window

7 SE No 23 Exterior Northwest elevation, door

8 SE No 25 Exterior Northwest elevation, ventilation



11 SE No 25 Exterior Northwest elevation, first floor window

12 SE No 25 Exterior Northwest elevation, door

13 SE No 25 Exterior Northwest elevation, pub sign fixture

14 SE No 25 Exterior Chimney

15 NE No 25 Exterior Southwest elevation

16 N No 25 Exterior Southwest elevation and southeast extension

17 NE No 25 Exterior Southwest elevation, ground floor window

18 NE No 25 Exterior Southwest elevation, first floor window

19 NE No 25 Exterior Southwest elevation, gutter fixture

20 NE No 25 Exterior Southwest elevation, converted door


22 NE No 25 Exterior Chimney

23 NE No 25 Exterior Southwest elevation, ground floor window


25 NE No 25 Exterior Southwest elevation, pulley fixture above cellar door

26 NE No 25, southeast extension

Exterior Southwest elevation, window

27 NE No 25 Exterior Cellar window, blocked

28 NE No 25 Exterior Manhole

29 NE No 25 Exterior Cellar access

30 NE No 25 Exterior Detail of stone quoins and stucco

31 N No 25, southeast extension

Exterior Southeast extension, southeast elevation

32 NW No 25 Exterior Southeast elevation

33 NW No 25, southeast extension

Exterior Southeast elevation, window

34 NW No 25, southeast extension

Exterior Southeast elevation, door

35 NW No 25 Exterior Southeast elevation

36 NW No 25 Exterior Southeast elevation, ground floor window

37 NW No 25 Exterior Southeast elevation, first floor window

38 W No 25, southeast extension

Exterior Northeast elevation

39 N No 25 Extension

Exterior Southwest elevation

56

Photo Number


Description

40 NE No 25 Extension

Exterior Southwest elevation, blocked window


Exterior Southwest elevation, extraction


Exterior Southwest elevation, blocked window


Exterior Southwest elevation, door


Exterior Southwest elevation, window


Exterior Northwest elevation, door

46 S No 25 Outbuilding

Exterior Northwest and southwest elevations

47 D No 25 Extension

Exterior General view of yard

48 N No 25 Outbuilding

Exterior Southwest elevation

49 N Boundary wall leant-tos

Exterior Southwest and southeast elevation

50 NW Boundary wall leant-tos

Exterior General southeast view

51 SW Outbuilding rear of No 23

Exterior Southeast elevation

52 NW Outbuilding rear of No 23


53 SW Outbuilding rear of No 23


54 SE Outbuilding rear of No 23

Exterior Northwest elevation

55 E Outbuilding rear of No 23

Exterior Northwest elevation and boundary wall

56 SW No 25 Extension







Exterior Northeast elevation, window

60 W No 23 and 25


61 SW No 23 and 25


62 NW No 23 Exterior Southeast elevation door

63 NW No 25 Exterior Southeast elevation door

64 NW No 23 Exterior Southeast elevation window

57

Photo Number


Description

65 NW No 23 Exterior Southeast elevation first floor window

66 E Outbuilding rear of No 23

Exterior Garden

67 NW No 25 Interior Hallway, corridor

68 NE No 25 Interior Northeast window

69 SE No 25 Interior Hallway, corridor

70 W No 25 Interior Male toilet entrance

71 SW No 25 Interior General view of toilet

72 SE No 25 Interior General view of urinals

73 E No 25 Interior General view of toilet

74 SE No 25 Interior Northeast window

75 SE No 25 Interior Southeast window, male toilet

76 E No 25 Interior Southeast window, male toilet

77 NE No 25 Interior General view of toilet

78 SW No 25 Interior Hallway, corridor

79 SW No 25 Interior Women's toilet block entrance

80 SE No 25 Interior Women's toilet block sign

81 SW No 25 Interior General view of women's toilet

82 W No 25 Interior General view of women's toilet

83 SW No 25 Interior General view of women's toilet

84 N No 25 Interior General view of women's toilet

85 SE No 25 Interior Southeast window, women's toilet

86 SE No 25 Interior Southeast window, women's toilet

87 SW No 25 Interior Southeast window, women's toilet

88 S No 25 Interior Possible blocked window of former southeast elevation


90 NE No 25 Interior Hallway, corridor, door to kitchen or scullery

91 E No 25 Interior Kitchen or scullery

92 SE No 25 Interior Southeast window, kitchen, scullery

93 SE No 25 Interior General viewo of kitchen, scullery

94 W No 25 Interior General viewo of kitchen, scullery

95 W No 25 Interior General viewo of kitchen, scullery

96 NW No 25 Interior General viewo of kitchen, scullery and former northeast exterior wall

97 NE No 25 Interior Entrance to hallway to kitchen and bar

98 W No 25 Interior Entrances to kitchen/scullary and cellar

99 NW No 25 Interior Entrance to bar

100 E No 25 Interior General view of kitchen

101 E No 25 Interior General view of kitchen

102 W No 25 Interior General view of kitchen

103 W No 25 Interior General view of kitchen

104 NW No 25 Interior Entrance to pantry and service entrance

105 SW No 25 Interior Inbuilt shelf

106 SE No 25 Interior General view of kitchen



109 SE No 25 Interior General view of kitchen towards pantry

110 SE No 25 Interior Pantry

111 SE No 25 Interior Storage, service entrance

112 SW No 25 Interior Southwest elevation window

113 SE No 25 Interior View of ceiling and roof above northeast extension

58

Photo Number


Description

114 E No 25 Interior View of ceiling and roof above northeast extension

115 SE No 25 Interior Entrance from bar to hallway

116 E No 25 Interior General view of bar area and former two up two down cottage

117 NE No 25 Interior Vestibule to rear access of former cottage

118 SE No 25 Interior General view of the bar area

119 W No 25 Interior General view of the bar area and former cottage

120 NW No 25 Interior General view of the bar area and former cottage

121 NW No 25 Interior General view of the bar area fireplace

122 NW No 25 Interior General view of the bar area window

123 NE No 25 Interior General view of the bar area fireplace with Adam style surround

124 S No 25 Interior Bar

125 SW No 25 Interior General view of the bar area and former Barrow House

126 W No 25 Interior General view of the bar area and former Barrow House

127 W No 25 Interior Removed wall between former Barrow House and cottage

128 NW No 25 Interior General view of bar window

129 NW No 25 Interior General view of the bar area

130 N No 25 Interior General view of the bar area

131 NE No 25 Interior General view of the bar area

132 NE No 25 Interior General view of the bar area and steel girder

133 NW No 25 Interior Bar entrance

134 NW No 25 Interior Bar entrance


136 NE No 25 Interior Dining room entrance in later 19th century extension

137 NW No 25 Interior Dining room entrance in later 19th century extension

138 W No 25 Interior Dining room

139 W No 25 Interior Dining room

140 NW No 25 Interior Modern brick repairs of northwest elevation, dining room

141 NW No 25 Interior Dining room

142 NW No 25 Interior Dining room

143 NE No 25 Interior Dining room

144 E No 25 Interior Dining room

145 SW No 25 Interior Dining room walk-in window with later frame

146 SW No 25 Interior Dining room, convereted doorway

147 SW No 25 Interior Dining room walk-in window with later frame

148 SE No 25 Interior Dining room

149 SE No 25 Interior Dining room

150 SW No 25 Interior Bar

151 NE No 25 Interior Bar

152 SW No 25 Interior Entrance to cellar from bar

153 SW No 25 Interior Cellar corridor

154 SW No 25 Interior Larder

155 SW No 25 Interior Larder

156 SW No 25 Interior Blocked opening in the larder

157 S No 25 Interior Beams above the larder

158 SW No 25 Interior Entrance to southwest cell

159 SW No 25 Interior Southwest cell

160 SW No 25 Interior Southwest cell with original window

59

Photo Number


Description

161 SW No 25 Interior Southwest cell with original window

162 NW No 25 Interior Southwest cell brick repairs

163 NE No 25 Interior Southwest cell

164 NE No 25 Interior Southwest cell and fireplace

165 NE No 25 Interior Southwest cell and fireplace

166 SE No 25 Interior Access and ramp to southeast cell

167 S No 25 Interior Southeast cell

168 S No 25 Interior Southeast cell, cellar delivery entrance

169 SW No 25 Interior Southeast cell, cellar delivery entrance

170 NW No 25 Interior Southeast cell

171 N No 25 Interior Southeast cell, blocked fireplace

172 NE No 25 Interior Southeast cell, blocked fireplace

173 NW No 25 Interior Coal chute access

174 NE No 25 Interior Cellar corridor

175 NE No 25 Interior Cellar access

176 NE No 25 Interior First floor stairs


178 SW No 25 Interior First floor landing

179 NW No 25 Interior Entrance to northwest bedroom

180 NW No 25 Interior Northwest bedroom

181 N No 25 Interior Northwest bedroom and blocked fireplace

182 NW No 25 Interior Northwest bedroom window

183 NE No 25 Interior Northwest bedroom and blocked fireplace

184 SE No 25 Interior Northwest bedroom and door

185 S No 25 Interior Northwest bedroom

186 SE No 25 Interior Roof space and roof structure above northwest bedroom

187 SW No 25 Interior Roof space and roof structure above northwest bedroom

188 NW No 25 Interior Roof space and roof structure above northwest bedroom

189 SE No 25 Interior Entrance to northeast bedroom

190 NE No 25 Interior Skyligth on the first floor landing

191 NE No 25 Interior Northeast bedroom

192 NE No 25 Interior Northeast bedroom, window

193 SE No 25 Interior Northeast bedroom, window

194 SW No 25 Interior Northeast bedroom


196 SE No 25 Interior Entrance to southeast bedroom

197 S No 25 Interior Southeast bedroom, blocked walk-in window

198 S No 25 Interior Southeast bedroom, original walk-in window

199 SW No 25 Interior Southeast bedroom, original walk-in window

200 NW No 25 Interior Southeast bedroom

201 NW No 25 Interior Southeast bedroom, removed fireplace

202 SW No 25 Interior First floor bathroom

203 S No 25 Interior First floor bathroom

204 SW No 25 Interior Bathroom, modified walk-in window

205 NE No 25 Interior First floor bathroom

206 N No 25 Interior First floor bathroom

207 SW No 25 Interior Southwest bedroom

208 W No 25 Interior Southwest bedroom

209 SW No 25 Interior Southwest bedroom

210 NE No 25 Interior Southwest bedroom, blocked fireplace

60

Photo Number


Description

211 E No 25 Interior Roof space and hipped roof structure of late 19th century extension

212 SE No 25 Interior Roof space and hipped roof structure of late 19th century extension

213 NW No 25 Interior Roof space and hipped roof structure of late 19th century extension

214 SW No 25 Interior Roof space and hipped roof structure of late 19th century extension

215 S No 25 Interior Roof space and hipped roof structure of late 19th century extension

216 NE No 23 Interior Front room

217 E No 23 Interior Front room

218 SE No 23 Interior Front room

219 S No 23 Interior Front room and vestibule

220 NE No 23 Interior Close up of front room fireplace

221 NW No 23 Interior Front room window

222 W No 23 Interior Front room vestibule

223 W No 23 Interior Front room vestibule

224 NW No 23 Interior Front room vestibule



227 NW No 23 Interior Front room

228 SE No 23 Interior Access to kitchen

229 NW No 23 Interior Access from kitchen to front room

230 NW No 23 Interior Staircase to cellar and first floor in the kitchen

231 NW No 23 Interior Kitchen fireplace

232 NE No 23 Interior Kitchen fireplace and built in cupboard

233 NE No 23 Interior Kitchen

234 SE No 23 Interior Kitchen sink

235 SE No 23 Interior Kitchen

236 S No 23 Interior Kitchen

237 SE No 23 Interior Kitchen rear access

238 NW No 23 Interior Access to first floor stair

239 SW No 23 Interior First floor stairs

240 NE No 23 Interior Northwest bedroom and fireplace

241 NE No 23 Interior Northwest bedroom

242 NE No 23 Interior Northwest bedroom and fireplace

243 N No 23 Interior Northwest bedroom and fireplace

244 NW No 23 Interior Northwest bedroom and window

245 W No 23 Interior Northwest bedroom and window

246 S No 23 Interior Northwest bedroom and door

247 SE No 23 Interior Northwest bedroom door

248 S No 23 Interior Northwest bedroom

249 SE No 23 Interior Northwest bedroom

250 SW No 23 Interior Roof space and structure

251 SE No 23 Interior Roof space and structure



254 SE No 23 Interior Northeast bedroom window


256 S No 23 Interior Northeast bedroom window

257 NW No 23 Interior Northeast bedroom door


61

Photo Number


Description


260 NE No 23 Interior Northeast bedroom chimney breast

261 NE No 23 Interior Northeast bedroom chimney breast

262 N No 23 Interior Northeast bedroom

263 NW No 23 Interior Northeast bedroom

264 SW No 23 Interior Northeast bedroom cupboard above the stairs


266 NE No 23 Interior Cellar stairs

267 N No 23 Interior Cellar

268 N No 23 Interior Cellar stairs

269 NE No 23 Interior Cellar storage unit

270 NE No 23 Interior Cellar northeast wall

271 NE No 23 Interior Cellar southeast wall

272 SE No 23 Interior Cellar southeast wall

273 SE No 23 Interior Cellar southeast wall blocked opening

274 SE No 23 Interior Cellar southeast wall blocked opening

275 SW No 23 Interior Cellar southwest wall niche

276 SW No 23 Interior Cellar southwest wall niche

277 SW No 23 Interior Cellar southwest wall with niches

278 NE No 23 Interior Under cellar stairs

279 NW No 23 Interior Coal chute access

280 NW No 23 Interior Blocked coal chute

62

Appendix 2: Context Summary List

Trench 1

Context Type Description Length (m)

Width (m)

Thickness/ depth (m)

Interpretation

100 Layer Firm, dark brown clayey silt with late post-medieval pottery (not retained)

0.15 Topsoil

101 Layer Firm light brown silty clay with occasional post-medieval brick fragments

0.10-0.15 Subsoil

102 Layer Firm light brown orange clay with rounded stones

n/a Natural geology

Trench 2


Width (m)


Interpretation


0.15 Topsoil


0.10-0.15 Subsoil


n/a Natural geology

Trench 3


Width (m)


Interpretation


0.15 Topsoil


0.10-0.15 Subsoil


n/a Natural geology

Trench 4


Width (m)


Interpretation


0.15 Topsoil


0.10-0.15 Subsoil

63


Width (m)


Interpretation


n/a Natural geology

403 Layer Loose dark brown gravelly silt with modern building debris

0.46 Dumped deposit

Trench 5


Width (m)


Interpretation


0.15 Topsoil


0.10-0.15 Subsoil


n/a Natural geology

Trench 6


Width (m)


Interpretation


0.15 Topsoil


0.10-0.15 Subsoil


n/a Natural geology

Trench 7


Width (m)


Interpretation


0.15 Topsoil


0.10-0.15 Subsoil


n/a Natural geology

Site loca on outlined in red Figure 1:

© Crown copyright 2000. All rights reserved. Licence Number 100047330

A

A

B

B

1:25,000

Site Loca on

1:10,000,000 1:1,000,000

Site Code

Scale

Drawn byDate

BAWR 18

1:10,000,0001:1,000,0001:25,000 @ A4

T Rayner14/11/2018

Barrow

Allen Archaeology Limited Website: www.allenarchaeology.co.uk Company Registered in England and Wales No: 6935529

Lincoln

Birmingham

Cambridge

Preston Southampton

01522 685356 [email protected]

0800 610 2545 [email protected]




archaeological scheme of works report: nos. 23 and …

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