Architecture; • “Hagia

Sophia,” Orthodox Church, by Justinian I.

• Art was religious in nature. The halo was a symbol featured in all Byzantine icons (art).

• Greek philosophical concepts influence on Eastern Orthodox Christianity than on Roman Catholicism.

• Education dominated by religion. • University of Constantinople (850 C.E.) influenced Eurasia by

the transmission of ancient Greek learning to Western Europe and the Islamic world

• Empire connected trade routes between the Mediterranean and Europe with those of China and India.

• Social Stratification

• Peasants worked land and paid owner rent.

• Main tax source.

• Features of the Byzantine Empire that was adopted by the civilization of Kievan Rus was the political ideals of imperial control of the Church

• (900) Vikings control lands of East Slavs.

• Rulers called Rus (Russia).

• Rus Oleg created “Principality of Kiev” (Kievan Rus).

• Council of boyars (nobles) elected the prince of Kievan Rus and served as a war council.

• Novgorod; multicultural city with German, Finns, Swedes, and Slavs.

• Linked Baltic and Black Seas by trade.

• The religious culture of the Byzantine Empire had a significant impact on the Slavic-speaking peoples in the Balkans and Russia.

• (989) Prince Vladimir I married emperors sister.

• Freely converted kingdom to Christianity.

• Onion-dome churches were built to imitate Byzantine churches.

• Princes demand tribute of peasants as slaves.

• Transported slaves to Constantinople for gold.

• (1240) Mongols invade Kiev.

• Created the “Khanate of the Golden Horde” for 250 years.

That concludes Byzantine Empire

Any questions before the quiz on the next slide?