architecture series 5-4 solution architecture draft

Architecture Series 5-4

Solution ArchitectureSolution Architecture

Frankie Hsiang – Enterprise Technologist

[email protected]

1Architecture Series 5 - 4 - Solution Architecture

Audience & Objectives

�Business & IT managers, architects, team leads

, and developers who want to use Solution

Architecture as a tool to produce solid

solutions that fully meet business needs,

2

solutions that fully meet business needs,

within budget, deploy on schedule, easy to

maintain, and use fewer resources.

Assuming audience have certain architecture knowledge

and IT project management skills.

Architecture Series 5 - 4 - Solution Architecture

Common IT System Issues

� Maintaining as-is system(s) consumes large percentage of IT budget and technical resources

� Very hard to train new developers to work on the applications

� It is hard to add new features� It is hard to add new features

� Changes to a system frequently cause breakages on other parts of the system

� No one can really point to the business model

� Data integrity is often violated

� Duplicate functions on several systems

� Low morale in IT departmentArchitecture Series 5 - 4 - Solution Architecture 3

Solution Architecture Can Help

�Solution Architecture is a tool to

produce solid IT solutions that fully

meet business needs, within budget, meet business needs, within budget,

deploy on schedule, easy to maintain,

and use fewer resources

Architecture Series 5 - 4 - Solution Architecture 4

One Big Happy Family

Business Model Driven Solution

Architecture Centric Development

Efficient Operations

+ High Quality of Services (QoS)+ High Quality of Services (QoS)

One Big Happy Family

Happy Business Users

Happy Development Teams

Happy Operation Teams


Solution Architecture Definition

�A business use cases driven system architecture.

�System Architecture - The fundamental

organization of a system embodied in its organization of a system embodied in its

components, their relationships to each other and

to the environment and the principles guiding its

design and evolution - ANSI/IEEE 1471-2000.


Relationship to other IT disciplines


S. A. Methodology - BASE � 1. Business Use Cases Driven

Defines a set of unique business functions to fully address business needs

� 2. Architecture Centric Development

Analysis, design, development, and deployment are Analysis, design, development, and deployment are centered around a layered architecture

� 3. Streamline Operations

Streamline processes and reuse components for efficient and cost effective operations

� 4. Environmentally Friendly

Build with fewer resources to prevent over engineering, reduce energy and resources footprint


Layered Solution Architecture


Reference S. A. Diagram


SPA Builds High Quality System

• Separation of Concerns

• Patterns driven design and construction*

• Agile development process


• Agile development process

Common 80/20 rule - No one size fits all to

avoid over engineering and lengthy analysis and

design time.

* See Reference #4, #5, #6, & #7 for design patterns resources.

Stages of Architecture Maturity

�Business Silos, Standard Technology, Optimized Core, Business Modularity from ref. #1

�OMB FEA Assessment Framework: 1 Initial, 2 Baseline, 3 Target, 4 Integrated, 5 Optimized; from ref. #2from ref. #2

Assess enterprise architecture maturity level. Different maturity level needs a different strategy and time frame to bring the organization to the next level of maturity.


IBM RUP 4 + 1 Views


1. Business Use Cases Driven

SOA is business transformation. Defines business processes, systems, actors, and interactions among them.

CRC still works: Class, Responsibilities, & Collaboration

� Identify business use case & realize business use case to � Identify business use case & realize business use case to system use case.

�Build LOB level service catalogue with unique business functions

�Exchange canonical information among business services.


SOA Essential

� Autonomy: Service is self-contained, and can be used individually.

� Flexibility: Flexible to accept unusual request.

� Interoperability and reusability via standard based technology and LOB level business object modeltechnology and LOB level business object model

� Composability: Able to build new services from existing services. Support fast evolving business environment.

� Model Driven: Model defines Service Contract among services, including, interfaces, interaction and information as defined in the model.


SOA Implementation Strategy

� Capture core business functions, processes, activities, data, key users, and why they are important.

� Define Canonical Business Object Model. Use the BOM to drive the LOB business process flow.

Produce business driven roadmap and IT architecture� Produce business driven roadmap and IT architecture

� Use roadmap and architecture to guide implementation

� Select SOA platform and utilize SOA platform functions to implement and manage services.

� Identify and promote SOA showcase project.

� Implement enterprise SOA one project at a time.


Canonical Business Object Model� A Line Of Business level BOM uses logical relational data

model (Entity Relationship Diagram - ERD) and XML Schema (XSD) to define complete and detailed business entities down to individual attribute level and the exact business relationships among those business entitiesbusiness relationships among those business entities

� The core SOA business objects (vocabulary) for systems information exchange and integration in a particular LOB business domain.

� Helps to reduce the number of data transformation among data producers and consumers.

� Helps to integrate operational data onto data warehouse

� XSLT, XPath based BOM transformation utility


Develop Business Object Model

� Starts with LOB ERD – provides LOB level semantic

and uniqueness check.

� Evolves to XML Schema – facilitates cross platforms

inter-systems information exchange and integration inter-systems information exchange and integration

� Builds BOM incrementally.

� Increase communication & demonstrate value –

Routinely display updated business object model in

users workspace.

� Adopt industry standard if available. SWIFT – ISO

15022, FIX-FIXML, XBRL, MISMO, NIEM, …


2. Architecture Centric Development


*1 - high technical risk or high business value

*2 - Business use case to system use case realization

- Architecture Elaboration in 4+1 view UML

Promote Show Case System(s)

Use Show Case System to demonstrate good architecture quality on

�Use Case View

�Logical View

�Process View

�Implementation View

�Deployment ViewNote: A good example is one of the best way to provide easy to follow instructions.


RUP - Deployment View


Benefits of Agile Development

� Identify and manage key risks early and iteratively

� Promote users & developers � Promote users & developers interaction

� Adopt change of requirements

� Measure progress objectively

� Demonstrate business value earlyArchitecture Series 5 - 4 - Solution Architecture 22

3. Streamline Operation

�Streamline processes with out-of-box thinking process analysis, and leverage new technologies to automate time consuming technologies to automate time consuming or labor intensive tasks.

�Establish standard operating procedure

�Promote standard based technologies

�Reuse components for efficient and cost effective operations


4. Environmentally Friendly

�Build with fewer resources to prevent over engineering

�Reduce energy and resources footprint�Reduce energy and resources footprint

�Establish well defined common IT runtime environment Service Level Agreement.

�Routinely conduct SLA audit or test to ensure SLA quality.


Next - Architecture Management

� Enterprise Architecture Guidance – Web accessible enterprise architecture principles, preferred platforms, standard runtime environment, and design patterns.

� Well defined SDLC process � Well defined SDLC process

� Embed EA guidance onto SDLC process and design document template.

� Architecture and Design Review Process.

� Code Review to ensure alignment to architecture guidance.


Architecture Review Board

ARB is a group of architects with technical authority to

� Review & approve major IT program architecture

� Provide technical guidance to project teams

� Enforce architecture governance

� Verify Business – IT architecture alignment

� Share business domain and technical knowledge among reviewers

See Reference #8 - Effective Enterprise Architecture Action Plan


Architecture ValidationA structured and consistent approach to evaluate

a system’s quality before it is built.

� Completeness – complete and detailed SDLC � Completeness – complete and detailed SDLC

required information

� Compliance - complies with Enterprise

Architecture guidance & follows SDLC process.

� Consistency – Same scope on business,

system, interfaces with consistent terminology,

data integrity, and predictable results.


Key ideas to take away

� Solution Architecture - BASE methodology -Business Use Cases Driven, Architecture Centric Development, Streamline Operations, & Environmentally FriendlyEnvironmentally Friendly

� Layered Architecture – SPA approach with 4+1 views

� SOA is business transformation – LOB level Canonical Business Object Model

� Architecture Management - provide up front architecture guidance, and after fact architecture assessment.


Reference1. Enterprise Architecture as Strategy ISBN 1-59139-839-8

2. Federal Enterprise Architecture (FEA) -http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/e-gov/fea/

3. The Open Group – TOGAF 8.1.1 http://www.togaf.org/

4. Service Oriented Architecture by Thomas Erl – ISBN 0-13-142898-5

5. SOA Design Patterns by Thomas Erl, & web site-http://www.soapatterns.orghttp://www.soapatterns.org

6. Sun – Java Blue Print - http://java.sun.com/reference/blueprints/

7. Enterprise Service Bus – David Chappell, ISBN 0-596-00675-6

8. “Architecture Series 5-5 - Effective Enterprise Architecture Action Plan.ppt” – Frankie Hsiang


architecture series 5-4 solution architecture draft

Documents

system architecture

layered architecture

helpsolution architecture

department architecture

certain architecture

business needs

disciplinesarchitecture

diagramarchitecture