Arduino Circuits and Code

int ledPin = 9; void setup() pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);

void loop() digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW); delay(1000); digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH); delay(1000); for (int i = 0; i<=255; i++) analogWrite(ledPin, i); delay(10);

power

led

groundresistor

digital and analog write(actuator - led)

• it matters which way round you put the ledlong leg to positive

• Resitance = (VS - VL) / IVS = supply voltage , VL = LED voltage, I = LED

current

• pwm pins for analogWrite

things to remember

digital read(sensor - button)

int inputPin = 9; int val = 0;

void setup() pinMode(inputPin, INPUT); Serial.begin(9600);

void loop() val = digitalRead(inputPin); Serial.println(val);

5Vbutton

ground

pin 9

10kΩ

• use serial prints for debugging

• resistor needed in circuit

• debounce

things to remember

analog read(sensor - ldr)

int inputPin = 5; int val = 0;

void setup() Serial.begin(9600);

void loop() val = analogRead(inputPin); Serial.println(val);

ldr

5V

ground

pin5

analog read(sensor - potentiometer)

• values 0 to 1023 - use map to get 0 to 255

• use millis() instead of delay

things to remember

servos

#include <Servo.h> Servo myservo; // create servo object to control a servo // a maximum of eight servo objects can be created int pos = 0; void setup() myservo.attach(9); // attaches pin 9 to the servo object void loop() for(pos = 0; pos < 180; pos += 1) myservo.write(pos); delay(15); for(pos = 180; pos>=1; pos-=1) myservo.write(pos); delay(15);

servos

• common rotation range is 180º

• good for smooth continuous motion

• servo library uses pins 9 and 10

• servo needs time to reach destination

steppers

steppers

#include <Stepper.h>

// change this to the number of steps on your motor#define STEPS 100

Stepper stepper(STEPS, 4, 5, 6, 7);

void setup() // set the speed of the motor to 30 RPMs stepper.setSpeed(30);

void loop() stepper.step(100); delay(1000);

*

stepper

• can rotate 360º

• can lock into fixed position - strong torque

• precise position setting

• stepper library

dc motors

dc motors

const int motor1Pin = 3; const int motor2Pin = 4; const int enablePin = 9;

void setup()

// set all the pins you're using as outputs: pinMode(motor1Pin, OUTPUT); pinMode(motor2Pin, OUTPUT); pinMode(enablePin, OUTPUT);

// set enablePin high so that motor can turn on: digitalWrite(enablePin, HIGH); //to control the speed of the motor //analogWrite(enablePin, 30)

void loop() digitalWrite(motor1Pin, LOW); // set leg 1 of the H-bridge low digitalWrite(motor2Pin, HIGH); // set leg 2 of the H-bridge high // swap HIGH and LOW values to change motor direction // set both HIGH or both LOW to stop motor

dc motors

• torque

• gears

• direction and speed

solenoids

solenoid

boolean drum[] = 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1;int drumPin = 2;int counter;

void setup() pinMode(drumPin, OUTPUT); counter = 0;void loop() digitalWrite(drumPin, drum[counter]);

if(counter == 7) counter = 0; else counter++; delay(200); // delay between beats

solenoids

• push and pull - use springs

• toy hacking - reed relays