ARDUINO Electronics Prototyping Platform

March 10, 2014

Brady Pamplin - W5LH This file is available at http://www.pamplin.com/rwk

GOALS

• Anyone can do it!

• Computer chips and Arduino

• The smart $3.72 hardware component

• Demonstration

• Ham and other applications

• Program Examples

Types of Computer Chips

• Microprocessor – Top priority is performance

– PCs, Macs, Servers

– External memory, I/O

• Microcontroller – Top priority is low cost

– Embedded in cars, appliances, radios, …

– Self contained, minimal parts count

• System on Chip – SOC – Smart mobile devices, Raspberry Pi

How common are microcontrollers?

A typical home in a developed country is likely to have only four general-purpose microprocessors but around three dozen microcontrollers.

A typical mid-range automobile has as many as 30 or more microcontrollers.

The Arduino Uno has a dedicated microcontroller just to handle the USB line.

Atmel ATmega328

• 14 digital I/O pins (6 PWM) – source or sink 40ma – total ~150ma

• 6 analog inputs

• 32k flash memory

• 16 MHz

• Programmable

• 5V serial

• I2C and SPI

Arduino Uno Board

• ATmega328 w/ bootloader

• USB to serial (FTDI) – Future Technology Devices International

• Accepts power

– USB, 5V reg, 7-12 unreg

• Voltage regulators

– 5V & 3.3V

• IC pins to headers

• Accepts shields

• USB poly fuse

• Reset button

• UART – 5V serial

• LED on TX and RX

• LED on pin 13

What does Arduino mean to me?

• Open source standard board configurations

• Open source integrated development environment

Windows / Mac / Linux

• Libraries – Ethernet, WiFi, Servo, LCD,…

• Popular chip with many variants

• Bootloader

• Extremely popular - Wide selection of configurations and incredible internet information available

• Many specialized shields

Google Counts

• https://www.google.com/trends/explore?q=arduino%2C+basic+stamp#q=arduino%2C%20basic%20stamp%2C%20raspberry%20pi&cmpt=q

Small Computer Boards

Basic Stamp

• Early startup

• Expensive

• Low interest now

• Runs Basic interpreter

PicAxe

• Cheap

• Microcontroller – no OS

• Simple – Program IC and add w/o crystal

• Limited interest ??

Arduino

• Very popular

• Microcontroller – no OS

• Works well directly with hardware

• Open source – many variations

• Cheap

Beagleboard

• Very popular

• High level

• Runs Linux

• Often accesses hardware through Arduino

Over 100 variations!

Shields for Standard Boards Stackable shields expand I/O www.shieldlist.org lists nearly 300 available shields

•Motor control •WiFi • LCD Displays •Ethernet •Sensors •Bluetooth •Memory •LED matrix •Relay •GPS •Prototype/development •Many, many more!

The Unified Microsystems ATS-1 shield adds LCD, push buttons, programmable LED & buzzer. This boards only use two of the Arduino I/O lines leaving the rest available for your project.

Shields

JeeNodes Radio - Ports Not Shields

Startup Kit

“Standard board”

• Arduino board w/ USB

• USB A-B cable

“Small board”

• Arduino board w/o USB

• FTDI breakout 6 pin female header on back

• Appropriate USB cable

• APRS Data Logger • QRSS Beacon • Multimode Transmitter Shield • High Voltage, High Frequency,

and High Temperature Data Logger

• Receive-Only, Low-Power APRS iGate

• PICAXE Keyer and CW Beacon Keyer

• Solar Tracker • Nanokeyer • Handheld Radio Talk Timer • APRS Messenger • DTMF Controlled SSTV Camera • APRS • Display Waterfall • SWR Scanner

AD9850 DDS VFO

• http://www.ad7c.com/projects/ad9850-dds-vfo/

QRP Transceiver Shields

http://m0xpd.blogspot.com/2013/03/arduino-qrp-transceiver.html

Arduino Decoding Morse Code

ArduiTuner Arduino Antenna Tuner

http://www.dxzone.com/cgi-bin/dir/jump2.cgi?ID=29424

Azimuth and Elevation Rotation System

http://www.dxzone.com/cgi-bin/dir/jump2.cgi?ID=29362

Arduino RF Power and SWR Meter

• http://www.dxzone.com/cgi-bin/dir/jump2.cgi?ID=29374

Trackuino Arduino GPRS Tracker Shield

http://www.trackuino.org/2011/07/trackuino-shield.html

Required Statements

void setup() {

}

void loop() {

}

Blink Sketch /* Blink Turns on an LED on for one second, then off for one second, repeatedly. This example code is in the public domain. */ // Pin 13 has an LED connected on most Arduino boards. // give it a name: int led = 13; // the setup routine runs once when you press reset: void setup() { // initialize the digital pin as an output. pinMode(led, OUTPUT); } // the loop routine runs over and over again forever: void loop() { digitalWrite(led, HIGH); // turn the LED on (HIGH is the voltage level) delay(1000); // wait for a second digitalWrite(led, LOW); // turn the LED off by making the voltage LOW delay(1000); // wait for a second }

Blink Sketch int led = 13;

void setup() {

pinMode(led, OUTPUT);

}

void loop() {

digitalWrite(led, HIGH);

delay(1000);

digitalWrite(led, LOW);

delay(1000);

}

Demonstration Blink Sketch

• Configure the board type

• Configure the serial port

• List examples and libraries

• Open: Examples / Basics / Blink

• Compile

• Upload

#include <Servo.h> // excerpted from: Example/Servo/Sweep Servo myservo; // create servo object int pos = 0; // variable to store the servo position void setup() { myservo.attach(9); // attaches the servo on pin 9 to the servo object } void loop() { for(pos = 0; pos < 180; pos += 1) // ipos goes from 0 to 180 degrees { myservo.write(pos); // tell servo to go to position in 'pos' delay(15); // waits for servo move } } // loop for 180 to 0 not shown on slide

#include <Servo.h> // excerpted from: Example/Servo/Sweep Servo myservo; // create servo object int pos = 0; // variable to store the servo position void setup() { myservo.attach(9); // attaches the servo on pin 9 to the servo object } void loop() { for(pos = 0; pos < 180; pos += 1) // ipos goes from 0 to 180 degrees { myservo.write(pos); // tell servo to go to position in 'pos' delay(15); // waits for servo move } } // loop for 180 to 0 not shown on slide

Simple Servo Sketch

#include <Servo.h> // excerpted from: Example/Servo/Sweep

Servo myservo; // create servo object

int pos = 0; // variable to store the servo position

void setup() {

myservo.attach(9); // attaches the servo on pin 9 to the servo object

}

void loop() {

myservo.write(45);

delay(5000);

myservo.write(135);

delay(5000);

}

Excerpt – Read Buttons

int read_LCD_buttons(){

adc_key_in = analogRead(0);

if (adc_key_in < 50) return btnRIGHT;

if (adc_key_in < 195) return btnUP;

if (adc_key_in < 380) return btnDOWN;

if (adc_key_in < 555) return btnLEFT;

if (adc_key_in < 790) return btnSELECT;

return btnNONE;

}

Print Milliseconds Sketch

int milliseconds;

void setup() {

Serial.begin(9600);

Serial.println("Print Milliseconds");

}

void loop() {

milliseconds = millis();

Serial.println(milliseconds);

delay(2000);

}

Links

• Good Arduino and electronics article

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Arduino_boards_and_compatible_systems

• http://www.arduino.cc/

• http://flashgamer.com/arduino/comments/raspberry-pi-or-arduino

• http://makezine.com/2013/04/15/arduino-uno-vs-beaglebone-vs-raspberry-pi/

• http://codeduino.com/information-and-news/hardware/arduino-vs-raspberry-pi/

• http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/arduino-vs-raspberry-pi-which-is-the-mini-computer-for-you/

• http://www.designspark.com/blog/arduino-or-raspberry-pi