are va nuclear plant overview

7/29/2019 Are Va Nuclear Plant Overview

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Technical Training CenterFacilities Tour

July 2010


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Nuclear Plant Overview

Commercial ReactorsWorldwide


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Nuclear Plants Across US


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Commercial Nuclear PowerPlants


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Reactor Power Plant Layout


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7/29Nuclear Plant Overview

Heat Produces Steam, Generating Electricity

Heat

Steamproduced

Steam

TurbineGenerator

Electricity


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Two Types of Reactors

PWR Pressurized Water Reactor Water kept under pressure in reactor doesnt boil

Water directed through steam generator

Steam directed from steam generator to turbines

BWR Boil ing Water Reactor

Water allowed to boil in reactor and turn to steam

Steam directed from reactor to turbines

In both types of nuclear power plants, after thehigh-pressure steam is used to turn the turbine, itis condensed back into water and used again inthe reactor.


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PWR Pressurized Water Reactor


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Typical Configurations


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BWR Boiling Water Reactor


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Fuel Pellets


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Uranium Is Encased in Solid Ceramic Pelletsafter Enrichment


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Statistical Grab Bag

One pound of nuclear fuel would produce enough

power for the residential sector in a city the size

of Detroit, Mich., for a week.

It would take 6 tons of coal or 1,200 gallons of oil

or 91,800 cubic feet of natural gas to generate the

same amount of electricity.


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The reactor vessel is loaded w/ fuel for up to twoyears. This fuel produces the equivalentpower of 8 billion pounds of coal.


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Typical Fuel Assembly Elements


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Fuel Assembly


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Fuel Assemblies

Fuel Rods

Steel tubes, contain Pellets

of Uranium 235

Control Rods

Slow split ting of atoms

Driven up/down by electricmotors

Emergency, rods drop by

gravity


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Fuel Assemblies are Inserted in ReactorVessel


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Fuel Movement- Manipulator Crane


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Fuel Movement- Spent Fuel


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41 feet tall

14 feet ID

665 tons

8.5 in thick walls - carbon

steel with stainless steelcladding

Holds the fuel assemblies

Contains the nuclear

reaction and heat

PWR Reactor Vessel


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Typical PWR Reactor Pressure Vessel

Description

Technical Data

Life time 60 years

Coolant pressure at reactor pressurevessel outlet during power operation

2250 psia

Coolant temperature at reactor pressure

vessel inlet at full load

563 F

Coolant temperature at reactor pressurevessel outlet at full load

624 F

Design pressure 2550 psia

Design temperature 664 F

CL HL


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Steam Generators

Hot primary reactor

coolant water travelsthrough inside of tubes.

Cooler secondary water

outside the tubes is

heated to produce steam.

This steam is piped to aturbine that rotates by the

power of the steam.


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Recirculating Steam Generator


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Inside Containment - Refuelling


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Virginia Electricity by Energy Source

> Coal = largest fuel in Va., but pol lutesthe most

> Between hydro and nuclear, 34.6%uses non polluting fuel

> Costs of oi l and natural gas at all

time highs, and will probably stayhigh

> Because Virginia has a diversif iedmix of fuels, the state avoids some ofthe big swings in prices affectingother states.

Virginia Environmentally Better and More StableThan Other States Thanks to Hydro and Nuclear Power


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Electricity Overview in Virginia

4 nuclear power plants and 9 coal-

fired plants supply majority ofbase load power in Va.

Potential Problem: transmission

capacity for 3-4,000 MW into a

region with peak demand of 15,000

MW

Va. is a net importer of oi l, gas and

electricity

Diversity of Fuel Sources Helps Keep VirginiasCost of Electricity Low

are va nuclear plant overview

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