aristotle year – 347bc believed that the earth was at the center of the universe
TRANSCRIPT
Aristotle• Year – 347BC
• believed that the Earth was at the center of the universe.
Ptolemy• Year – 100AD• He believed Earth was at
the center of the universe and all other heavenly bodies revolved around it.
• This theory is known as the geocentric theory.
Nicolas Copernicus• 1543
• All of the planets revolve around the sun.
• This theory is known as the heliocentric theory.
Galileo Galilei• In 1609, Galileo used a
telescope to look at the sky.
• He confirmed Copernicus’ theory that the planets revolved around the sun.
Sputnik• first artificial
satellite into space on Oct.4, 1957.
• Launched by Soviet Union
• Sputnik orbited the Earth for 6 months before falling back to Earth.
Yuri Gagarin• April 1961
• First person to go into space.
• He orbited the Earth one time.
• He was from the Soviet Union(Russia).
Alan Shepherd• May 1961
• First American
to go into space.• Stayed in space for
15 minutes.
Space Race• A “race” between United States
and Soviet Union(Russia) to see who could go the farthest in space.
• "I believe this nation should commit itself to achieving the goal, before this decade is out, of landing a man on the moon and returning him safely to the Earth."
• He asked Congress for 22 billion dollars to finance the Apollo missions.
John Glenn• February 20,1962
• The first man to orbit the Earth in space.
• Orbited 3 times around Earth
• Landed in Atlantic Ocean
Rocket at launch pad
Capsule in space
Capsule returning to Earth
Capsule lands in ocean and is recovered by a Navy ocean liner
Gemini Program• Mid 1960s (1965)
• Sent 2 people into space to work on techniques for a lunar mission.
• “Space walks”• Spent up to 14 days in
space
Apollo 11• July 20, 1969
• 1st mission to land on the moon
• Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin 1st to walk on the moon
• Michael Collins orbited the moon
Pictures from Apollo 11 mission
Space Shuttle• First launch in 1981
• First reusable rocket
• Can carry a crew of 5-8 astronauts
• Put satellites into orbit and/or make repairs
Hubble Space Telescope• Put into orbit in 1990
• Satellite that orbits Earth and takes pictures of other stars, galaxies, and planets
Mir• Russian Space
Station put into orbit in 1986
• U.S. and Russian astronauts lived and worked in space for months at a time
• Came crashing back to Earth in 2001
International Space Station
• Construction started in 1998• Space station built by
United States, Russia, Canada, Japan, and other countries
• Scientists live here and perform experiments
Rovers that have landed on Mars
• 1997 – Pathfinder lands safely on Mars and releases rover – Sojourner to study the surface.
2003 Spirit lands on Mars
Mariner satellites• 1971
• Explored inner planets – Mercury, Venus, and Mars
Voyager• Launched from Earth in
1977• Sent to study the outer
planets – Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
• Discovered Great Red Spot is a storm and Neptune has the strongest winds
Cassini• Launched in 1997
• Reached Saturn in 2004
• Studying the rings and moons of Saturn