article
DESCRIPTION
Junior secondary studentsTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Article](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052523/55593618d8b42a4f3d8b4b8b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
ARTICLES
![Page 2: Article](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052523/55593618d8b42a4f3d8b4b8b/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Articles are structure words that signal nouns which begin with different sounds. The nouns they signal may be singular or plural.
![Page 3: Article](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052523/55593618d8b42a4f3d8b4b8b/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
There are two types of articles:
(i) definite articles(ii) indefinite articles
![Page 4: Article](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052523/55593618d8b42a4f3d8b4b8b/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Definite Article
![Page 5: Article](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052523/55593618d8b42a4f3d8b4b8b/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
An Article which is used to refer to a person or thing is known as the Definite Article.
Example: the
![Page 6: Article](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052523/55593618d8b42a4f3d8b4b8b/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
![Page 7: Article](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052523/55593618d8b42a4f3d8b4b8b/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
An Article which does not refer to any particular person or thing is known as the indefinite Article.
Example: a, an
![Page 8: Article](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052523/55593618d8b42a4f3d8b4b8b/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
A. THE SELECTION OF ‘A’ OR ‘AN’
![Page 9: Article](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052523/55593618d8b42a4f3d8b4b8b/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
The selection between ‘a’ and ‘an’ is determined by sound.
![Page 10: Article](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052523/55593618d8b42a4f3d8b4b8b/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
1. A is used before a word beginning with a consonant sound.
Example: a boy, a man, a human being, a table, a horse, a
yard, a young man.
![Page 11: Article](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052523/55593618d8b42a4f3d8b4b8b/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
2. A is used before a word beginning with ‘h’
and also with ‘y’ and ‘u’. Example: a horse, a historical novel, a human being, a youth, a unit, a union, a European.
![Page 12: Article](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052523/55593618d8b42a4f3d8b4b8b/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
3. A is used before a word beginning with a ‘w’ sound.
Example: a one legged sailor, a one man tribunal, a one dollar note, a one way ticket, such
a coin.
![Page 13: Article](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052523/55593618d8b42a4f3d8b4b8b/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
4. An is used before a word beginning with a vowel sound.
Example: an hour, an honour, an heir, an honourable, an honest citizen.
![Page 14: Article](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052523/55593618d8b42a4f3d8b4b8b/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
B.THE USE OF INDEFINITE
ARTICLE
![Page 15: Article](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052523/55593618d8b42a4f3d8b4b8b/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
It is used in exclamatory sentences.
Example: what a pretty girl! what a shame! what a clever boy! what a hot day!
![Page 16: Article](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052523/55593618d8b42a4f3d8b4b8b/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
C. ‘A’ OR ‘AN’ IS NOT USED
![Page 17: Article](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052523/55593618d8b42a4f3d8b4b8b/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
1. A or An is not used with a plural noun.
Example: dogs, books, girls (not a
dogs, a girls, a books)
![Page 18: Article](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052523/55593618d8b42a4f3d8b4b8b/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
2. With unconditional nouns.
Example: advice furniture knowledge
news business imagery
baggage luggage poetry
![Page 19: Article](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052523/55593618d8b42a4f3d8b4b8b/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
But these words may be used with: some, any, a little, a lot of, a bit, an item of.
Example: some advice, any news, a piece of information,
a knowledge of English is useful. (Correct)
![Page 20: Article](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052523/55593618d8b42a4f3d8b4b8b/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
D. THE USE OF DEFINITE ARTICLES
![Page 21: Article](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052523/55593618d8b42a4f3d8b4b8b/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
1. Unique things The Definite Article ‘the’ is used with unique things in nature.
Example: the sun, the sea, the moon, the earth The sun rises in the east. The earth moves round the sun.
![Page 22: Article](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052523/55593618d8b42a4f3d8b4b8b/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
2. Superlative Adjectives ‘The’ is used before superlative adjectives.
Example:the tallest the biggest
the largest the longest
![Page 23: Article](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052523/55593618d8b42a4f3d8b4b8b/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
3. Double Comparatives ‘The’ is used with double comparatives.
Example: The more I read, the more I like. The more I earn, the more I spend.
The more I eat, the less I like.
![Page 24: Article](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052523/55593618d8b42a4f3d8b4b8b/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
4. Historic buildings ‘The’ is used with historical buildings.
Example: the National Theatre the MUSON centre the Museum the Beach house
![Page 25: Article](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052523/55593618d8b42a4f3d8b4b8b/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
5. Names of countries ‘The’ is used with the names of certain
countries and provinces.
Example: the Yorubas the United Kingdom
the United States the Deccan
![Page 26: Article](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052523/55593618d8b42a4f3d8b4b8b/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
E. OMISSION OF THE ARTICLE
![Page 27: Article](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052523/55593618d8b42a4f3d8b4b8b/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
1. Proper nouns No Article is used with proper nouns.
Example: Japan, Bill Clinton, Dayo Ojo,
Abuja, Nigeria, Amadi Uka
![Page 28: Article](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052523/55593618d8b42a4f3d8b4b8b/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
2. Unique posts No Article is used before unique posts.
Example: He was elected president of the association.
He became principal of the college.
She was elected chairman of the company.
![Page 29: Article](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052523/55593618d8b42a4f3d8b4b8b/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
F. REPETION OF THE ARTICLE
![Page 30: Article](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052523/55593618d8b42a4f3d8b4b8b/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
1. When two adjectives qualifying the same noun are connected by ‘and’, the Article must be used with the first adjectives.
Example: The blue and yellow skirt. (one skirt)
This is an English and French dictionary. (one dictionary)
![Page 31: Article](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052523/55593618d8b42a4f3d8b4b8b/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
2. When two adjectives are qualifying different nouns, the Article must be used with each adjectives.
Example: The first and the last poems.
The green and red skirts.
The Yoruba and Igbo language.
![Page 32: Article](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052523/55593618d8b42a4f3d8b4b8b/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
3. When two nouns refer to different persons or things, the Article must be used with each noun.
Example: I met the editor and the journalist.
I had an interview with the novelist and the critic.
![Page 33: Article](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052523/55593618d8b42a4f3d8b4b8b/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
EXERCISE 1.
![Page 34: Article](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052523/55593618d8b42a4f3d8b4b8b/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Fill in the blanks with suitable Articles:
1. Iron is ___ useful metal.2. My father is ___ honourable man.3. Honest men speak ___ truths.4. Jerusalem is ___ holy place.5. Malta is ___ island.6. I first met Ada ___ year ago.7. ____ French defeated the Germans.8. We never saw such ___ terrible accident.
9. We read ___ Bible everyday.10. My friend is ___ European.
![Page 35: Article](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052523/55593618d8b42a4f3d8b4b8b/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
EXERCISE 2.
![Page 36: Article](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052523/55593618d8b42a4f3d8b4b8b/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Correct the following sentences:
1. Victoria has beautiful face.2. Camel is the sheep of the desert.3. Adaku is efficient teacher.4. My uncle is a minister.5. I gave her lot of money.6. He gave me an advice.7. The man is a social animal.8. Rich should be honoured.9. We must help poor and love them.10. I read Times Newspaper daily.
![Page 37: Article](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052523/55593618d8b42a4f3d8b4b8b/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
EXERCISE 3.
![Page 38: Article](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022052523/55593618d8b42a4f3d8b4b8b/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Correct the following sentences:
1. The gold is a precious metal.2. The health is wealth.3. I appreciated courage of Bukola.4. The Ibadan is a beautiful place in Nigeria.5. Niger is a long river.6. I like the tennis.7. I worship gracefulness of woman.8. The father returned home.9. Sun rises in the east.10. The Nature is the best physician.