article iii - supreme court
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general info, ConstitutionTRANSCRIPT
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Article IIIJudicial Branch
Supreme Court
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Judicial Branch
• Number of Justices is determined by Congress– Currently there are nine Justices
• All judges for Supreme Court and inferior courts are appointed for life– “shall hold their offices during Good Behavior”
• The Judicial Branch interprets the law
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Supreme Court
• Supreme Court is part of the Constitution• Congress can and has created lower (inferior)
courts– District Courts– Appellate Courts (Appeals)
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Jurisdiction
• Jurisdiction - the power, right, or authority to interpret and apply the law
• Appeal – to take a case to a higher court
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Jurisdiction
• Original Jurisdiction – the first to hear a case in court
• Appellate Court – to hear a case based on an appeal
• Supreme Court – final court to hear a case based on appeals
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Jurisdiction
• Supreme Court has original jurisdiction in the cases involving– Ambassadors– Public Ministers and Consuls– Those in which a State shall be a party
• All crime cases will be trial by jury except for– Impeachment
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Treason
• Treason is– Levying war against the United States– Supporting her enemies– Aiding and comforting her enemies
• Conviction of Treason requires– Testimony of two Witnesses to the same act– Confession in open court
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Judicial Review
• Judicial Review– A court's authority to examine an executive or
legislative act and to invalidate that act if it is contrary to constitutional principles.
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The Supreme Court JusticesReagan Appointees
• Antonin Scalia (Conservative)
• Anthony Kennedy (Moderate)
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The Supreme Court JusticesGeorge H.W. Bush Appointees
• Clarence Thomas (Conservative)
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The Supreme Court JusticesClinton Appointees
• Ruth Ginsberg (Liberal) • Stephen Breyer(Liberal)
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The Supreme Court JusticesGeorge W. Bush Appointees
• Chief Justice John Roberts (Conservative)
• Samuel Alito (Conservative)
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The Supreme Court JusticesObama Appointees
• Sonya Sotomayer (Liberal)
• Elena Kagan (Liberal)