article xiii outline

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ARTICLE XIII – SOCIAL JUSTICE AND HUMAN RIGHTS Social Justice 1) Social justice in the Constitution is principally the embodiment of the principle that those who have less in life should have more in law. 2) The 1987 Constitution advances beyond what was in previous Constitutions in that it seeks not only economic social justice but also political social justice. Principal activities in order to achieve social justice 1) Creation of more economic opportunities and more wealth; and 2) Closer regulation of the acquisition, ownership, use and disposition of property in order to achieve a more equitable distribution of wealth and political power. Labor Section 3 of Article XIII elaborates on the provision in Article II by specifying who are protected by the Constitution, what rights are guaranteed, and what positive measures the state should take in order to enhance the welfare of labor. Right to organize and to hold peaceful concerted activities Ø The right to organize is given to all kinds of workers BOTH in the PRIVATE and PUBLIC sectors. Ø The workers have a right to hold peaceful concerted activities except the right to strike, which is subject to limitation by law. Right to participate in the decision making process of employers The workers have the right to participate on matters affecting their rights and benefits, “as may be provided by law”. This participation can be through 1) collective bargaining agreements, 2) grievance machineries,

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ARTICLE XIII SOCIAL JUSTICE AND HUMAN RIGHTSSocial Justice1) Social justice i t!e Costitutio is "#ici"all$ t!e e%&o'i%et o( t!e "#ici"le t!at t!ose )!o !a*e less i li(e s!oul' !a*e %o#e i la)+,) T!e 1-./ Costitutio a'*aces &e$o' )!at )as i "#e*ious Costitutios i t!at it see0s ot ol$ ecoo%ic social justice &ut also "olitical social justice+1#ici"al acti*ities i o#'e# to ac!ie*e social justice1) C#eatio o( %o#e ecoo%ic o""o#tuities a' %o#e )ealt!2 a',) Close# #e3ulatio o( t!e ac4uisitio5 o)e#s!i"5 use a' 'is"ositio o( "#o"e#t$ i o#'e# to ac!ie*e a %o#e e4uita&le 'ist#i&utio o( )ealt! a' "olitical "o)e#+La&o# Sectio 6 o( A#ticle XIII ela&o#ates o t!e "#o*isio i A#ticle II &$ s"eci($i3 )!o a#e "#otecte' &$ t!e Costitutio5 )!at #i3!ts a#e 3ua#atee'5 a' )!at "ositi*e %easu#es t!e state s!oul' ta0e i o#'e# to e!ace t!e )el(a#e o( la&o#+Ri3!t to o#3ai7e a' to !ol' "eace(ul coce#te' acti*ities 8 T!e #i3!t to o#3ai7e is 3i*e to all 0i's o( )o#0e#s 9OTH i t!e 1RI:ATE a' 1U9LIC secto#s+ 8 T!e )o#0e#s !a*e a #i3!t to !ol' "eace(ul coce#te' acti*ities e;ce"t t!e #i3!t to st#i0e5 )!ic! is su&ject to li%itatio &$ la)+Ri3!t to "a#tici"ate i t!e 'ecisio %a0i3 "#ocess o( e%"lo$e#sT!e )o#0e#s !a*e t!e #i3!t to "a#tici"ate o %atte#s a((ecti3 t!ei# #i3!ts a' &ee(its5 ) 1#o*i'e a""#o"#iate le3al %easu#es (o# t!e "#otectio o( t!e !u%a #i3!ts o( all "e#sos5 )it!i t!e 1!ili""ies5 as )ell as Cili"ios #esi'i3 aoa'5 a' "#o*i'e (o# "#e*eti*e %easu#es a' le3al ai' se#*ices to t!e u'e#"#i*ile3e' )!ose !u%a #i3!ts !a*e &ee *iolate' o# ee' "#otectio+A+ CHR ca iitiate cou#t "#ocee'i3s o &e!al( o( *icti%s o( !u%a #i3!ts *iolatios+9+ T!e$ ca #eco%%e' t!e "#osecutio o( !u%a #i3!ts *iolato#s5 &ut it caot itsel( "#osecute t!ese cases+C+ 9UT? T!e CHR caot issue #est#aii3 o#'e#s o# ijuctios a3aist alle3e' !u%a #i3!ts *iolato#s+ T!ese %ust &e o&taie' (#o% t!e #e3ula# cou#ts+B)E;e#cise *isito#ial "o)e#s o*e# jails5 "#isos a' ot!e# 'etetio (acilities+D) Esta&lis! cotiui3 "#o3#a%s (o# #esea#c!5 e'ucatio a' i(o#%atio i o#'e# to e!ace #es"ect (o# t!e "#i%ac$ o( !u%a #i3!ts+/)Reco%%e' to Co3#ess e((ecti*e %easu#es to "#o%ote !u%a #i3!ts a' to "#o*i'e co%"esatio to *icti%s o( !u%a #i3!ts *iolatios o# t!ei# (a%ilies+.)Moito# co%"liace &$ t!e 3o*e#%et )it! ite#atioal t#eat$ o&li3atios o !u%a#i3!ts+-) G#at i%%uit$ (#o% "#osecutio to a$ "e#so )!ose testi%o$ o# )!ose "ossessio o( 'ocu%ets o# ot!e# e*i'ece is ecessa#$ o# co*eiet to 'ete#%ie t!e t#ut! i a$ CHR i*esti3atio+1E) Re4uest assistace (#o% a$ 'e"a#t%et5 &u#eau5 o((ice5 o# a3ec$ i t!e "e#(o#%aceo( its (uctios+11)A""oit its o((ice#s a' e%"lo$e#s i acco#'ace )it! la)+1,)1e#(o#% suc! ot!e# (uctios a' 'uties as %a$ &e "#o*i'e' (o# &$ la)