articles of confederation
DESCRIPTION
Articles of Confederation. Aim: How were governments organized after independence?. Articles of Confederation (1781 – 1787). First constitution (plan for government) of the United States. Created a loose union of thirteen republics. The states retained the most important powers. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Articles of Confederation](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022070421/5681635c550346895dd425c8/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
A I M : H O W W E R E G O V E R N M E N T S O R G A N I Z E D A F T E R I N D E P E N D E N C E ?
ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION
![Page 2: Articles of Confederation](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022070421/5681635c550346895dd425c8/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION (1781 – 1787)
• First constitution (plan for government) of the United States.
• Created a loose union of thirteen republics.
• The states retained the most important powers.
• Each state had one vote in Congress.
• 9 out of 13 states had to agree to any decision (bills to be passed).
• All 13 states would have to agree in order to amend the Articles.
![Page 3: Articles of Confederation](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022070421/5681635c550346895dd425c8/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
STRUCTURE OF GOVERNMENT• Unicameral (single house)
legislative body
• Each state had one vote regardless of population size
• Congress given sole authority to govern the country
• An executive committee oversaw government when Congress was not in session
• Congress would establish temporary courts to hear disputes among the states
![Page 4: Articles of Confederation](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022070421/5681635c550346895dd425c8/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
POWERS GRANTED TO GOVERNMENT UNDER THE ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION
• Declare war and make peace• Make treaties with foreign countries• Establish an army and navy• Appoint high-ranking military officials• Requisition, print, and borrow money• Establish weights and measures• Hear disputes among the states related to trade
or boundaries
![Page 5: Articles of Confederation](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022070421/5681635c550346895dd425c8/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
POWERS DENIED TO THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT
• Congress• Had no executive power to
enforce laws. • Had no power to make
laws.• Had no power to tax,
impose tariffs, or collect duties.
• Had no power to regulate trade and there was no uniform currency.
• No power to force states to honor obligations
• Had no power to draft for war.
• Congress
• Could “recommend” laws.
• Could ask the states for money.
• Could ask the states to supply soldiers for the army.
![Page 6: Articles of Confederation](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022070421/5681635c550346895dd425c8/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
ACCOMPLISHMENTS UNDER THE ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION
• Victory over Britain in the Revolutionary War.• Negotiated the Treaty
of Paris with Britain in 1783• Organization of the
Western Lands. • Established the Land
Ordinance (1785) and the Northwest Ordinance of 1787
Map of the land settled in the Northwest Ordinance of 1787
![Page 7: Articles of Confederation](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022070421/5681635c550346895dd425c8/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
LAND ORDINANCE OF 1785• Divided the Northwest
Territory into “townships” to be offered for sale.
• Each township consisted of 36 lots of 640 acres each.
• A lot was the smallest unit that could be bought and couldn’t be sold for less than $1 an acre.
• The proceeds from the sale of one lot in each township would be used for public education.
![Page 8: Articles of Confederation](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022070421/5681635c550346895dd425c8/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
NORTHWEST ORDINANCE OF 1787
• Provided a government for the Northwest Territory and admission to the United States. • No less than 3 states and no more than 5 states
would be created as soon as the population in an area reached 60,000. • Each state would have a Bill of Rights. • Slavery was forbidden. • The new states would be equal to the original 13
states. • Education was provided.
![Page 9: Articles of Confederation](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022070421/5681635c550346895dd425c8/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
PROBLEMS FACING THE NEW NATION
• Trade with foreign nations
• Financing the nation
• Foreign relations
• Interstate relations
• You decide!!! A 1783 cartoon satirizing relations between Britain and America
![Page 10: Articles of Confederation](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022070421/5681635c550346895dd425c8/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
ANNAPOLIS CONVENTION (1786)
• Originally called to discuss British trade restrictions and the problems of inter-state trade.
• The delegates arranged to meet the next year to discuss revising the Articles of Confederation.
• U.S. no longer the favorite trading partner of Great Britain
• U.S. exports to British ports had to be on British ships
• Many U.S.-produced goods were barred from British ports
• Britain sent vast amounts of cheap goods to U.S.
• Potential Remedy• Establish a tariff on British
goods• Weakness in Articles of
Confederation preventing this solution
![Page 11: Articles of Confederation](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022070421/5681635c550346895dd425c8/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
SHAY’S REBELLION (1786)• A revolt led by Daniel
Shays, of the farmers in western Massachusetts against the state government.
• The farmers were protesting high taxes, underrepresentation in the state legislature and the foreclosure of their farms for debts.
• This showed the weakness of the national government and the need to change the Articles of Confederation