artificial system of classification of plants (carlous linnaeus' system)
DESCRIPTION
Carlous Linnaeus' system of classification,Artificial system of classification of plantsTRANSCRIPT
There are more than four lakhs varieties of plants found allover the earth's crust. In order to
study them systematic way a classification is indispensable. French botanist A.P de Candole first
made attempt to made principles and practice to classify plants.
Arrangement of plants into groups and subgroups division's sub-divisions and other lower taxons
is commonly called as classification. Certain practices rules or principles of classification have
gradually developed during the past centuries in the development of taxonomy.
Aim of the classification is to bring all plants in to a common trend of arrangement so that they
can be easily identified on distinguishes from one another and studied separately. It also provides
the idea of the sequence of evolution among the plants.
There are two distance systems of classification has been adopted, one is artificial system and
other is the natural system.
Artificial System of Classification of Plants:
i. The system of classification in which one or very few character are considered as the key feature
of classification is called as artificial system.
ii. This system of classification never throws light on the affinities or relationship of the plants
with one another.
iii. This classification is made only on the basis of presence on absence of the particular character
that taken into account leaving the others.
iv. In artificial system plants are categorized into a particular taxonomical rank but the ranks are
not stepwise.
v. In this classification very few species are included which were discovered until that period.
There are many taxonomist classify their own way of understanding in to different group taking
one or few characters. These plants are grouped in to artificial groups or classes or orders. Out of
these artificial system, the system which primarily proposed by Linnaeus was taken to
consideration.
Linnaeus's Artificial System:
Carolus Linnaeus a Swedish botanist who published an artificial system based e3xclusively on
floral characters. He realized the imperfection of his system and regarded it as a temporary
makeshift until a more natural syatem could be devised upon. He set this classification and
published it in this book "species plantarum "(1753) describing all species known at that time and
his "genera plantarum" (1754) similarly describing the genera, stand today as the greatest of
botanical classics.
Basis of Linnaeus's system:
Linnaeus classifies all the flowering plants under twenty four classes on the basis of floral
character, which includes:
i. Number of stamens present in a flower.
ii. Insertation of floral parts in to the thallamus.
iii. Arrangement adhesion and distribution of stamens.
iv. Nature of anther and filaments and their arrangemen
Demerits or short Commings of Linnaeous's system;
i. Linnaeous arranged the general of plants into 24 admittedly artificial classes.
ii. It is basedon only stamen characters or sexual characters and other important morphological
characters are not taken in to account.
iii. Affinity or phylogeny among plants are totally ignored.
iv. Closely related plants placed far apart and quite different species placed together.
v. Cyptogams which had little interest were all considered to twenty fourth class.
vi. The genera and species particularly of the non vascular form bear little resemblances to those
admitted today.
vii. The 23 classes of seed plants were defined largely by the number of stamens and carpels, thus
permitting the relatively easy assignment of most genera to a particular class, but often putting
allied genera in different classes.