as jan march 2015 text e issue

vkËkqfud lkfgR; @ tuojh&ekpZ] 2015 1

laiknd

vk'kh"k da/kos

vkËkqfud lkfgR; @ tuojh&ekpZ] 20152


laiknd* Editor

vk'kh"k da/kos Ashish Kandhway

mi laiknd Sub Editor

lksgu yky Sohan Laljtuh lsB Rajni Seth

dyk laiknd Art Editor

eerk xks;udk Mamta Goenka

O;kolkf;d laiknd Business Editor

fouksn dqekj vxzoky Vinod KumarAggarwal

fo'ks"k laoknnkrk (vesfjdk) Special Correspondent (USA)

jf'e 'kekZ Rashmi Sharma

fo'ks"k laoknnkrk (fczVsu) Special Correspondent (UK)

jk[kh caly Rakhi Bansal

laoknnkrk (iwohZ Hkkjr) Correspondent (Eastern India)

fou; Hkjr Vinay Bharat

laoknnkrk (vaxzsth) Correspondent (English)

fuykatu cSuthZ Nilanjan Banerjee

ewY;@Price % ` 50

vkËkqfud lkfgR; esa izdkf'kr ys[kksa esa O;Dr fopkj ,oa nf"Vdks.k lEcfUËkr ys[kdksa ds gSa ftuls lEiknd] izdk'kd]eqÊd ,oa if=dk ls tqM+s fdlh Hkh O;fDr dk lger gksuk vfuok;Z ugha gSA lHkh fooknksa dk fuiVkjk fnYyh {ks= dsvUrxZr lhfer gSA if=dk esa lEiknu ls tqM+s lHkh in xSj&O;kolkf;d ,oa voSrfud gSaA

o"kZ@Year-4 [email protected] tuojh&[email protected], 2015 f}Hkk"kh@Bilingual

*vk'kh"k da/kos (ewy uke vk'kh"k dqekj)


RNI No. DELBIL/2012/42547ISSN 2277 - 7083

© lokZfËkdkj lqjf{krizdkf'kr lkexzh ds iqu% mi;ksx ds fy, ys[kd]vuqoknd vFkok vkËkqfud lkfgR; dhLohœfr vfuok;Z gSA

laikndh; dk;kZy;,Mh&94&Mh] 'kkyhekj ckx] fnYyh&110088nwjHkk"k % 011&47481521] $91&9811184393] 9818489393bZ&esy % [email protected]

[email protected]

O;kolkf;d dk;kZy;bZ&16@362] lsDVj&8] jksfg.kh] fnYyh&110085nwjHkk"k % $91&9953903137] 9313730231bZ&esy % [email protected]

ewY; % ` 50

'kqYd nj % rhu o"kZ (12 vad) ` 1000ikap o"kZ (20 vad) ` 1500(Mkd@dksfj;j [kpZ lfgr)vkthou lnL;rk ` 11]000fons'k ds fy, (3 o"kZ) 60 MkWyj

'kqYd 'AADHUNIK SAHITYA' ds uke ij HkstsaAvkys[k@jpuk@dgkuh esa O;Dr fopkj laca/k ys[kd ds gSa blls izdk'kd ;k laiknd dk lger gksuk vko';d ugha gSA

^vkËkqfud lkfgR;* f}Hkk"kh =Sekfldh vk'kh"k dqekj ds LokfeRo esa vkSj muds }kjk ,Mh&94Mh]'kkyhekj ckx] fnYyh&110088 ls izdkf'kr rFkk vkHkk ifCyflVh] 163] ns'kcaËkq xqIrk ekdsZV] djksyckx]ubZ fnYyh ls eqfÊrA Lokeh@laiknd@izdk'kd@eqÊd % vk'kh"k dqekjA

'AADHUNIK SAHITYA' A quarterly bilingual (Hindi & English) Journal of Literature, Culture& Modern Thinking owned/published/printed/edited by Ashish Kumar from AD-94-D,Shalimar Bagh, Delhi-110088 and printed at Abha Publicity, 163, Deshbandhu Gupta Market,Karolbagh, New Delhi.

Account Name : Aadhunik SahityaAccount No. : 16800200001233Bank : Federal Bank Ltd.Branch : Shalimar Bagh

New Delhi-110088IFSC Code : FDRL0001680


vuqØelaikndh; vk'kh"k da?kos @ tc unh ikj dj ysrs gSa---! @ 7

euu MkW- osnK vk;Z @ euu gh ftudk thou jgk @ 11

Le`fr ckyLo:i jkgh @ Lukrdth Hkqyk;s ugha Hkwyrs @ 16

izlaxo'k MkW- deyfd'kksj xks;udk @ tc MkW- ukeoj flag us muls--- @ 19

laLej.k fgeka'kq tks'kh @ ^lkfgR; dh jktuhfr nwf"kr gks xbZ* @ 24

fopkj MkW- jes'k paÊ feJ @ Li"VoDrk ,oa fgrS"kh v/;kid @ 27

euu MkW- vkse~izdk'k 'kekZ ^izdk'k* @ lkfgR; fpUru ds eeZK @ 30

fparu izks- /keZiky eSuh @ ekud xzaFkksa ds l`td @ 34

eeZLi'khZ Lej.k MkW- Lusg lq/kk uoy @ ,d Js"B v/;kid ckcwth! @ 37

ifjp; izks- v'kksd pÿ/kj @ Rofjr ÅtkZ ds okgd @ 42

izokg izks- jes'k xkSre @ lkfgR; ds lsVsykbV! @ 43

eqykdkr fot; dqekj HkkfV;k @ og igyh eqykdkr! @ 46

iqu%Lej.k dkS'kysaÊ flag @ fganh ds ltx izgjh @ 48

lcd MkW- e/kqlwnu ikfVy @ tc mudk Øks/k Hkjk i= feyk--- @ 50

mn~xkj izHkkr dqekj @ ^Lukrdth dks viuk lcdqN le>uk* @ 52

izsj.kk MkW- gjh'k uoy @ ifjJe ds i;kZ; MkW- Lukrd @ 56

e'kfojk MkW- gjhaÊ dqekj @ gkj er ekuks] la?k"kZ djks @ 62

Le`fr MkW- vkLFkk uoy @ fy[kus dks cgqr dqN gS--- @ 64

lekiu vijkftrk Lukrd @ ,d vkSj fot;sUæ Lukrd dh t:jr! @ 69

vkys[k fot;sUÊ Lukrd @ lkfgR; esa v'yhyrk @ 72

fot;sUÊ Lukrd @ Lora= Hkkjr esa vaxzszth dk eksg @ 76

ij[k fot;sUÊ Lukrd @ ckyeqdaqn xqIr cuke xwaxh iztk --- @ 80

O;aX;kykspu fot;sUÊ Lukrd @ O;aX; % fo}r lekt dk /keZ @ 88

n`f"V fot;sUÊ Lukrd @ lkfgR; esa nkf;Ro vkSj O;fDrRo dk iz'u @ 93


MkW- fot;sUæ Lukrd }kjk fyf[kr iqLrd&lwph @ 103

MkW- Lukrd dk thou&o`Ùk @ 104

lk{kkRdkj MkW- ykfyR; yfyr @ nl Qhlnh v/;kid izfrHkk'kkyh % Lukrd @ 106

Article Vijayandra Snatak @ Achievements of Arya Samaj @ 110

fp=koyh @ 113

iqLrd leh{kk 'kjn jatu 'kjn @ x.k vkSj ra= dh dforkbZ @ 115

dfork gjsUÊ izrki @ 'kgj vxM+k] xkao fiNM+k ,oa pyks] xkao dh vksj! @ 118

vkys[k fuR;kuan usikyh* @ laLÑfr % psruk ds ewy Loj dks igpkuuk gksxk @ 119

dgkuh izsepan @ xqYyh MaMk @ 122

uSfrdrk MkW- lqjs'k 'kekZ @ uSfrd ewY; vkSj lkfgR; @ 129

y?kqdFkk,a lrh'k nqcs @ O;Fkk @ 18

jkes'oj dkEckst ^fgeka'kq* @ fot;&tqywl @ 45

vjfoUn voLFkh @ Mksjcsy @ 47

?ku';ke vxzoky @ ets dh dher @ 49

lq"kek vxzoky @ rek'kk @ 51

fdaty bZys'k esgrk @ iqjLdkj @ 55

cyjke vxzoky @ yxko @ 63

v'kksd ^vkuu* @ ukSdj @ 71

v'kksd xqtjkrh @ vankt+ u;k @ 79

T;ksfr tSu @ ekin.M @ 87

lrh'kjkt iq"dj.kk @ mPNyu @ 92

mes'k egknks"kh @ :ikUrj.k @ 134

m"kk vxzoky ^ikjl* @ Qwy vkSj dkaVs @ 135

fefFkys'k nhf{kr @ foo'krk @ 136


tc unh ikj dj ysrs gSa---!

;g vVy lR; gS fd Hkkjr gj ;qx esa euhf"k;ksa ls lq'kksfHkr jgk gSA bUghaeuhf"k;ksa us leLr dkypÿ dks pkj ;qxksa esa foHkDr fd;k gSA Hkkjrh;

euhf"k;ksa dk /;ku eq[; :i ls euq"; ds tUe] deZ vkSj deZ&lk/kuk ij dsfUÊrFkkA jktk gfj'pUÊ* lr;qx ds izrhd gSaA tUe vkSj deZ dh mPprk ds lkFk&lkFkjktk gfj'pUÊ dk thou deZ&lk/kuk dh mPprk dk ekin.M cukA ^jke* =srk;qx ds izrhd gSaA jkejkt esa tUe vkSj deZ dh U;k;&laxrrk esa dksbZ lansg ugha gSij deZ&lk/kuk dgha u dgha L[kfyr fn[kkbZ iM+rh gSA ckyh ds oËk dksmnkgj.kLo:i ns[kk tk ldrk gSA }kij ds izrhd ^œ".k* gSaA bl ;qx esa deZ dkvkSfpR; rks lqjf{kr jgk ij lk/kuk dh e;kZnk esa fc[kjko cgqr rsth ls gqvkA tUeds vuqikr esa deZ dk egRo fo'ks"k gks x;k vkSj deZ&lk/kuk Hkh LokFkZuqxkeh gksx;hA ij vkt rks ge lc dy;qx esa th jgs gSaA bl ;qx esa rks LokFkZ gh lcls≈ij gks x;k vkSj tUe] deZ rFkk deZ&lk/kuk lc fu"Qy gks x;sA ge lcLokFkhZ gks x;s vkSj dy;qx dks pfjrkFkZ djus esa dksbZ Je ugha NksM+kA

,slh ifjfLFkfr esa ;g lq[kn vk'p;Z dk fo"k; gS fd vkpk;Z fot;sUÊLukrd dy;qx esa lr;qx dh vkRek dks /kkj.k dj gekjs chp vk;sA ,slk eSablfy;s dg jgk gwa fd vius f'k";ksa ds vuqlkj] vki thoui;ZUr tUe] deZ vkSjdeZ&lk/kuk rhuksa ds vkSfpR; ls U;k; djrs jgsA

euq"; dh vko/kkjk dks vkius ges'kk ojh;rk nhA euq"; ds Hkfo"; dhifjdYiuk vkidh n`f"V esa ekuoh; ljksdkjksa dh ,slh mn~Hkkouk gS tks O;fDr dksO;fDr ls] O;fDr dks lekt ls] O;fDr dks yksd ls] O;fDr dks ns'k ls ;kuh O;f"Vdks lef"V ls feykrh gS] tksM+rh gSA if'peh laLœfr tgka euq"; dks miHkksDrk ds:i esa ns[krh gS ogha Hkkjrh; laLœfr esa euq"; l`f"V dk miHkksDrk ugha lg;k=hgSA vkpk;Z fot;sUÊ Lukrd blh flºkUr ij pyus okys ,sls lg;k=h Fks ftUgksauslkfgR;] lekt vkSj Hkk"kk ds fy, viuk iwjk thou gkse dj fn;kA

laikndh;


vk/kqfud dky ds bl foy{k.k lkfgfR;d euh"kh ds O;kid xq.kksa dh ppkZ cs'kdledkyhu leh{kdksa us U;k;laxr :i ls u dh gks ij vkpk;Z fot;sUÊ Lukrd ds vizfreikf.MR; dks Nqik;k ugha tk ldrk gSA

vki ,d yC/kizfrf"Br izk/;kid jgsA dkyhnkl dk og 'yksd] ftlesa vocks/k vkSjlaÿfer djuk ;s nks fo'ks"k xq.k v/;kidksa ds fy, fxuk;s x;s gSa os vki ij iw.kZr% pfjrkFkZgksrs gSaA ;Fkkμ

f'y"Vk fÿ;k dL;fpnkRelaLFkk laÿkfUrjU;L; fo'ks"k;qDrkA;L;ksHk;a lk/kq l f'k{kdk.kka /kqfj izfr"Bkif;rO; ,o˚ (ekyfodkfXufe= 1-15)

23 fnlEcj] 1914 dks eFkqjk ftys ds gfj;k uaxyk xkao esa tUes vkpk;Z Lukrdthoui;ZUr fouezrk dh ijkdk"Bk dks Nwrs jgs rFkk vkidk O;fDrRo HkkxhjFkh dh 'kjndkyhu/kkjk ds leku lnk fueZy] 'kkar] lqfLFkj] 'khry] ljl ,oa lqUnj jgkA

vk/kqfud lkfgR; dk ;g vad mudh tUe 'krkCnh dks lefiZr gSA gekjk ;g fujarjiz;kl jgrk gS fd vk/kqfud lkfgR; u;h vkSj iqjkuh ihf<+;ksa ds chp lsrq cuh jgsA ;gfo'ks"kkad blh dh ,d dM+h gSA ubZ ih<+h ds jpukdkjksa] ikBdksa ,oa fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks ;g Lej.kjgs fd fganh ds bu euhf"k;ksa dk ;ksxnku gj dky esa lkekf;d dSls cuk jgrk gS\ og le;ds lkFk gksrs gq, Hkh le; ls vkxs dSls pyrs gSa\ vkpk;Z fot;sUÊ Lukrd dk jpuk lalkjubZ ih<+h ds fy, tkuuk blfy, Hkh t:jh gS fd mUgksaus fganh Hkk"kk] lkfgR; 'kks/k ,oalkfgfR;d i=dkfjrk ds {ks= esa vHkwriwoZ dk;Z fd;k Fkk rFkk vius mPp v/;kidh;;ksX;rk ds dkj.k vius f'k";ksa dh ,d yEch&pkSM+h QkSt rS;kj djus esa lQy gq, tks vktds nkSj ds tkus&ekus jpukdkj] ys[kd] dfo ds :i esa lekt esa izfrf"Br gSaA vkt dh fganh;k=k ds dbZ cM+s uke (fnYyh {ks=) ;Fkk dey fd'kksj xks;udk] izrki lgxy] izsetuest;] gjh'k uoy] fnfod jes'k] lqjs'k Ωrqi.kZ vkSj u tkus fdrus jpukdkj izR;{kvFkok vizR;{k :i ls muds f'k"; jgs gSaA bu rF;ksa ds vk/kkj ij vkpk;Z Lukrd fo'ks"kkadesa Lukrd th }kjk jfpr dqN jpukvksa dks Hkh geus 'kkfey fd;k gS ftldks i<+dj orZekuih<+h ds jpukdkj viuk ewY;kadu dj ldrs gSaA

vk/kqfud lkfgR; ifjokj ,sls foy{k.k euh"kh ij dsfUÊr vad dk izdk'ku djds mUgsaflQZ fouez Jºkatfy ns jgk gSA

vkb;s] FkksM+h ppkZ ledkyhu i=dkfjrk ds vkn'kks± ,oa ewY;ksa dh Hkh dj ysaALokËkhurk ds ckn vkËkqfud i=dkfjrk dk pgqaeq[kh fodkl Hkkjr dh lcls cM+h miyfCËkgSA ;g ,d egRoiw.kZ vkËkkj gS ftlls gekjh jk"V™h;rk dks vUrjkZ"V™h; eap ij ubZ izfr"Bkfeyh gSA

foKku us Hkwxksy dks NksVk dj fn;k gS vkSj ge ,d&nwljs dks izHkkfor dj jgs gSaA u,ewY;ksa dh u, lUnHkks± esa LFkkiuk gks jgh gSA ltkrh;&fotkrh; fopkj ls fojr gksdj gemnkjrk dh ml Hkwfedk dh vksj mUeq[k gSa tks 'kqº ekuoh; Hkwfedk gS vkSj tgk° igq°pus ds


fy, lkEiznkf;d dyq"k&iz{kkyu ,d vfuok;Z 'krZ gSA leLr ekufld lhekvksa vkSjladkspksa dks rksM+dj 'kqº ekuoh; Ëkjkry dks ikus dh gekjh vHkhIlk vkt izcy gks xbZ gSAvkSj foMEcuk gS fd bl egrh vHkhIlk ds ckotwn ge Hkhrj ls VwVrs&fc[kjrs vkSj NksVs gksrstk jgs gSaA ekuo&ewY;ksa esa fo?kVu 'kq: gks x;k gS tks u, ewY;ksa ds vkfoHkkZo dh 'kqHk lwpuknsus ds lkFk gh gekjh lukru miyfCËk;ksa ij Hkh ,d iz'ufpUg yxkrk gSA

LokËkhurk feyrs gh gekjk la?k"kZ B.Mk gks x;k vkSj gekjs lkeus ,d xfrjksËk vkx;kA gekjs vkn'kZ cny x;s vkSj jk"V™ dh vksj ls mnklhu gksdj ge futh vfLrRo dhfpUrk esa Mwc x,A nh?kZ ijkËkhurk ls mcjus ds ckn jk"V™&fuekZ.k dh vkdqy vkdka{kk vkSjdeZBrk dh tks vis{kk Fkh og fn[kkbZ u iM+hA ge bl rjg vk'oLr gks x, tSls gekjknkf;Ro 'ks"k gks x;k gksA

bl u;s ifjos'k us Hkkjrh; i=dkfjrk dks Hkh izHkkfor fd;k vkSj ijkËkhurk&dky dhi=dkfjrk dk vkn'kZ VwV x;k] lkjh rstfLork Ëkwfey gks xbZA blds y{k.k dqN vkSj igys ghfn[kkbZ iM+s Fks ftUgsa y{; dj x.ks'k'kadj fo|kFkhZ us dgk Fkk% ^^ftu yksxksa us i=dkfjrk dksviuk dke cuk j[kk gS muesa cgqr de ,sls yksx gSa tks vius fpŸk dks bl ckr ij fopkjdjus dk volj nsrs gksa fd gesa lPpkbZ dh Hkh ykt j[kuh pkfg,] dsoy viuh eD[ku&jksVhds fy, fnu&Hkj esa dbZ jax cnyuk Bhd ughaA bl ns'k esa nqHkkZX; ls lekpkj&i=ksa vkSji=dkjksa ds fy, ;gh ekxZ curk tk jgk gSA vc cgqr ls lekpkj&i= loZlkËkkj.k dsdY;k.k ds fy, ugha jgs] loZlkËkkj.k muds iz;ksx dh oLrq curs tk jgs gSaA bl ns'k esa Hkhlekpkji=ksa dk vkËkkj Ëku gks jgk gSA Ëku ls gh os fudyrs gSa] Ëku gh ds vkËkkj ij os pyrsgSa vkSj cM+h osnuk ds lkFk dguk iM+rk gS fd mu esa dke djus okys cgqr ls i=dkj Hkh Ëkudh gh vH;FkZuk djrs gaSA**

Lora=rk fnol] 15 vxLr 1947 ds ^vkt* esa Nis ,d ys[k esa ia- ckcwjko fo".kqijkMdj us lpsr fd;k Fkk fd Lora= gksus ds lkFk&lkFk gekjs da/kksa ij ftruk HkkjhmŸkjnkf;Ro vk x;k gS mls gesa ugha Hkwyuk pkfg,A gekjh yslek= dh vlko/kkuh dkifj.kke ?kkrd gks ldrk gSA ge tjk pwds ugha fd loZuk'k gekjs lkeus mifLFkr gksxkA

;fn lekpkj&i= Lora=rk ds vkanksyu dks vkxs u c<+krs rks D;k bruh tYnh 'kkludh ckxMksj bu usrkvksa ds gkFk vkrh vkSj bu dh dFkuh vkSj djuh dh ;g vkykspuk djuhiM+rh\ ,d izlax esa ckcw fofiupUnz iky dh ;g ckr vkt Hkh izklafxd gS fd ge tc unhikj dj ysrs gSa] rc ek>h dks lkyk dgrs gSaA* ;g ,d nk#.k fLFkfr gS ftls jk"V™ >sy jgk gSAjktuhfr ds {ks=ksa esa ftl izdkj ns'k&lsodksa us vius R;kx vkSj d"V lgu dk Hkqxrku inksavkSj lŸkk&dsUnzksa ds {ks= esa dj fy;k] ogh ckr i=dkfjrk ds {ks= esa gqbZA ljdkjh foKkiuksadh xk<+h dekbZ] fo/kku lHkkvksa vkSj laln dh lhVksa] fons'k&;k=k dh pdkpkSaËk vkSj <sj lkjsljdkjh lEekuksa dks ysus dh gksM+ us i=dkfjrk ds lEiw.kZ txr~ ij ,slk dqizHkko Mkyk fdrhuksa [kEHkksa dh rjg pkSFkk [kEHkk Hkh turk&tuknZu ds lkeus fgy jgk gSA


ewyr% ;g vad vkpk;Z fot;sUÊ Lukrd ij dsfUÊr gSA ijUrq ikBdksa dh #fp vkSjif=dk dh jkspdrk dks Ë;ku esa j[kdj bl vad esa eqa'kh izsepan dh ,d dgkuh ^xqYyhMaMk* dks Hkh 'kkfey fd;k x;k gSA geesa ls dbZ yksxksa us bl dgkuh dks dbZ ckj i<+k gksxkfQj Hkh lekt ds ,d cgqr cM+s oxZ ds fy, ;g vkt Hkh iBuh; gSA 'kjn jatu 'kjn dhiqLrd leh{kk rFkk fuR;kuan usikyh* dk ys[k vR;ar izHkko'kkyh gSA fcgkj ds eqaxsj ftys ds,d NksVs ls dLcs esa jgus okys fuR;kuan ^usikyh* dh ys[kuh ds vkst dks vki bl vad esafo'ks"k :i ls i<+ ldrs gSaA vusd pfpZr y?kqdFkkvksa dks Hkh bl ckj izdkf'kr fd;k x;k gS]ftls i<+dj u;s y?kq dFkkdkj viuh ys[kuh dks vkSj fu[kkj ldrs gSaA bl vad ds izdk'kuesa MkW- gjh'k uoy] MkW- Lusg lq/kk ,oa MkW- dykukFk feJ dk ldkjkRed ,oa jpukRedlg;ksx gesa izkIr gqvk] ftlds fy, ge muds vkHkkjh gSaA

if=dk ds izdk'ku esa /ku dh deh ges'kk cuh jgrh gSA /ku ds fcuk izdk'ku cgqrdfBu gS blfy, ge vius lq/kh ikBdksa ls vuqjks/k djrs gSa fd lkfgR; ds bl goudqaM dksizTTofyr j[kus ds fy;s lnL;rk@lg;ksx@foKkiu jkf'k fHktokdj lkfgfR;d if=dk dkslacy iznku djsaA

vius ‚n; dh egkurk ds dkj.k lEiw.kZ fo'o esa ^egkeuk* ds uke ls fo[;kr enueksgu ekyoh; dks lalkj esa lR;] n;k vkSj U;k; ij vk/kkfjr lukru ËkeZ dk vk/kqfudÁorZd dgk tk ldrk gSA d#.kke; ‚n;] euq";rk ds iqtkjh] eu vkSj ok.kh ds la;eh] ËkeZvkSj ns'k ds fy;s loZLo R;kxh] mRlkg ,oa ËkS;Z ds mRœ"V mnkgj.k FksA foijhr ifjfLFkfr;ksaesa Hkh vkRefo'okliwoZd nwljksa dks vlEHko Árhr gksus okys deks± ds laiknu ds fy, Ásfjrdjuk rFkk os'kHkw"kk vkSj vkpkj&fopkj esa ekyoh;th Hkkjrh; laLœfr ds Árhd rFkk Ωf"k;ksads Ák.koku pfj= dks thoUr djrs jgsA ^flj tk;s rks tk;s ÁHkq! esjks /keZ u tk;s* ekyoh;thdk thou ozr Fkk ftlls mudk oS;f‰d vkSj lkoZtfud thou leku :i ls ÁHkkfor FkkA,sls egkeuk dks dksfV&dksfV Á.kkeA

vVy fcgkjh oktis;h orZeku nkSj ds ,sls fojy foHkwfr gSa ftudh ÁfrHkk dk dforkvkSj jktuhfr nksuksa esa dksbZ lkuh ugha gSA vVy fcgkjh oktis;h jktuhfrK gksus ds lkFk&lkFk,d lQyre dfo Hkh gSaA mudk la?k"kZe; thou] foijhr ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa Hkh /kS;Z ,oa 'kkS;Zdk mRœ"V mnkgj.k gSA thou ds vusd vk;keksa dh vfHkO;f‰ mudh dforkvksa esaifjyf{kr gksrh jghA vVy fcgkjh dh lapsruk esa ok.kh ds lEeksgu ds Áfr yyd gh ugha,d Ádkj dk :ekuh Hkko Hkh jgk tks mudks vkSjksa ls vyx curk gSA ge ,sls egku dfofopkjd] fpard] jktusrk ds nh?kkZ;q gksus dh dkeuk djrs gSA iafMr enu eksgu ekyoh; ,oavVy fcgkjh oktis;h dks HkkjrjRu ds fy, 'kqHkdkeuk;saA

uoo"kZ vki lcds fy, eaxydkjd gks] ;gh gekjh dkeuk gSA

fÿlel] 25 fnlEcj] 2014 vk'kh"k da/kosubZ fnYyh laiknd


rjoks∑fi thofUr thofUr e`xif{k.k%Al thofr euks ;L; euusu fg thofr˚

ekuo&thou dh tSlh voËkkj.kk oSfnd xzaFkks a esamiyCËk gS] oSlh fo'o&lkfgR; esa nqyZHk gSA

vkSifu"kfnd Ωf"k dk dFku gS fd psru txr~ esao`{kksa dk thfor jguk vkSj i'kq&if{k;ksa dk thforjguk lkekU; ckr gS] fdarq euu ;k fparu ls lrr~tqM+s jguk ekuo&thou dk oSf'k"V~; gSA MkW-fot;sUÊ Lukrdth ds thou esa mDr voËkkj.kkiw.kZr% ifjyf{kr gksrh gSA og vkB o"kZ dh vk;q ls bDdhlo"kZ i;±r xq#dqy esa fo|k&xzg.k djrs jgsA Nk=kokl dsthou esa ?kj ls ukrk udkjkRed gh jgrk gSA mlds firkJhxq#dqy ds vU;re inkfËkdkjh vkSj xf.kr ds iz[kj izkË;kidHkh Fks] ijarq xf.kr esa iq= dh xfr vad&,d ls 'kq: gksdj 'kwU;rd tkdj #d xbZA ;g dkj.k rks vfr lkekU; Fkk] fdarqfirkJh dks ,d yach vofËk rd iq= esa visf{kr ;ksX;rk dkvHkko gh izrhr gqvkA xq#dqyh; f'k{kk&iºfr esa ;ksX;rk dk,d ekunaM ;g Hkh gS fd fo|k vË;srk dh jluk ds vxzHkkxesa urZdh cudj ukp mBsμ^;L; fo|k jlukxzurZdh*AikB~;ÿe esa fuËkkZfjr fo"k;ksa dk i;kZIr Kku Nk= fot;sUÊ dksmiyCËk Fkk] ijarq O;kdj.k] n'kZu ds lw=ksa dks viuh jluk dsvxzHkkx ij upkdj fn[kkus esa #fp ugha FkhA mlds laLdkjksa esaeuu'khyrk dk vkosx lokZfËkd FkkA fganh dh lkfgfR;dif=dkvksa vkSj vaxzsth dh mPpLrjh; if=dkvksa ds vË;;u,oa euu esa fd'kksj Nk= rYyhu jgrk FkkA ;g mlds euu'khythou dh igyh igpku FkhA ml fnu firk vkSj iq=μnksuksavkuankfrjsd ls >we mBs] ftl fnu euLoh iq= ^flºkarf'kjksef.k* dh mikfËk ysdj Lukrd cuk vkSj izFke Js.kh esaizFke LFkku ,oa nks&nks Lo.kZ ind izkIr djus esa lQy gqvkA

fu;fr ds iFk ij thou dks xfr'khy cukus esa la;ksxdh Hkwfedk cM+h egŸoiw.kZ gksrh gSA vxLr 1950 esa iatkc

euu

euu ghftudk thou

jgkμMkW- osnK vk;Z

fganh ds mPpLrjh; 'kksËkxzaFkksaesa MkW- fot;sUÊ Lukrdth dk^jkËkkoYyHk laiznk; % flºkarvkSj lkfgR;* lokZfËkd egŸoj[krk gSA blesa oSfnd ;qx lsysdj eË;;qxhu dkO; rdHkfDr&rŸo ds flºkarksa dkfoospu djds fo}ku~ ys[kdus vuqlaËks; fo"k; dks Hkkoh'kksËkkfFkZ;ksa ds fy, ljy vkSjcksËkxE; cuk fn;k gSA mUgksausdkO;lkS"Bo ls ifjiw.k ZcztHkk"kk ds foiqy lkfgR;dks [kkst fudkyus dk HkhLrqR; ,oa ljkguh; dk;Zfd;k gSA oYyHk laiznk; dsvkpk;ks± vkSj HkDr&dfo;ksaus jkËkkœ".k ds iz se dksHkfDrjl dk es#naM ekudjvR;ar izkaty ,oa laxhre;inksa dh jpuk dh gSA


fo'ofo|ky;] lksyu (f'keyk) ls ch-,- ijh{kk dk ifj.kke nsj ls izdkf'kr gqvkA fnYyhfo'ofo|ky; esa ,e-,- ds ikB~;ÿe esa izos'k izkIr djus dh vafre frfFk lekIr gq,eklkfËkd O;rhr gks pqdk FkkA vxys o"kZ rd izrh{kkjr jgus dh O;kdqyrk ,oa grk'kk esjseu dks csgn dpksV jgh FkhA esjs ,d vkaËkzizns'kh; fe= eq>s jketl dkWyst ds fganh foHkkxds izkË;kid Jh Hkkjr Hkw"k.k ljkstth ds ikl ys x,A mUgksaus esjh leL;k dh ppkZ dhAmudh lykg ls eSa nwljs fnu dkWyst igqapkA mUgksaus vius foHkkx ds ofj"B izkË;kid Jhfot;sUÊ Lukrdth ls esjh leL;k dk lekËkku iwNkA Hkkjrh; os'kHkw"kk ,oa oSnq";&izHkk lsnksuksa izkË;kid lqlaLœr vkSj HkO; izrhr gq,A Jh Lukrdth us rqjar gh eq>ls vkosnu&i= esaijh{kk&ifj.kke nsj ls izdkf'kr gksus rFkk gSnjkckn ls fnYyh igqapus esa foyac ds dkj.kfy[kok, vkSj fizafliy ls izos'k dh vuqefr fnyok nhA bldk laiw.kZ Js; Jh ljkstth vkSjJh Lukrdth dks izkIr gSA

og ek= izkË;kid gh ugha Fks] vfirq ekuoh; laosnukvksa ls m}sfyr gksus okys egkuqHkkoHkh FksA eq>ls dgk x;k fd esjh ekr`Hkk"kk rsyqxq gksus ds dkj.k dkWyst esa 'kqYd nsus dhvko';drk ugha vkSj vyx ls Nk=o`fŸk Hkh feyrh jgsxhA eSaus fouezrkiwoZd fuosnu fd;kfd eSa fu%'kqYd f'k{kk&xzg.k dus vkSj fganh i<+us ds uke ij Nk=o`fŸk izkIr djus ds i{k esaugha gwaA bu nksuksa xq#tuksa us eu&gh&eu esjh vkRefu"Bk ls izlUu gksdj eq>s ;koTthouvkReh; cuk fy;kA Jºs; Lukrdth us rks eq>esa xq#dqy ds laLdkj ns[kdj iq=ksi;qDr Lusgls vfHkf"kDr dj fn;kA Nk=&thou dh y?kq ;k=k ls izkË;kid thou dh nh?kZ ;k=k rd mudsef.k&ekaxY; ls vafdr 'kr&'kr ehy ds iRFkj vkt Hkh esjh varn`Zf"V esa vkyksfdr gSaA

MkW- fot;sUÊ Lukrd ,d ,sls leFkZ lekykspd vkSj izHkko'kkyh O;k[;krk Fks] tks izkphu,oa vËkqukru fparu dk leku :i ls fuokZg djus esa vxz.kh ekus tkrs gSaA xq#dqy oankou dhfo|kHkwfe gh Lukrdth ds fu, fganh&lekykspuk vkSj vuqlaËkku dh deZHkwfe cuh jgh gSAjkËkkoYyHk laiznk; ds vuq;k;h Jh fgrgfjoa'kth ds dfri; in i<+dj mudh jlkRedvuqHkwfr vkSj vfHkO;fDr dh izkatyrk ls gh og vR;ar eqXËk vkSj vuqizkf.kr gks mBsA mUgksausvuqlaËkku ds ekË;e ls cztHkk"kk ds leº lkfgR; dks l‚n;ksa ds fy, vkLok| cukus dkfu'p; dj fy;kA ml lek; rd jkËkkoYyHk laiznk; ds HkDr dfo;ksa ds izdkf'kr in&laxzgdh iqfLrdkvksa dh la[;k 40 vo'; Fkh] ijarq muesa HkfDr&iºfr ,oa flºkar fo"k;d tkudkjhugha FkhA laiznk; ds vkpk;ks± vkSj xksLokeh&ifjokjksa esa 'krkfËkd gLrfyf[kr ok.kh&xzaFkksa dsfo|eku gksus ij Hkh ifjokjsrj vkSj iw.kZr% nhf{kr f'k';srj O;fDr ds fy, mUgsa vfËkxr djukfurkar vlaHko ,oa vlkË; FkkA Jh Lukrdth dks ikap o"kZ rd xzh"ekodk'k ds fnuksa esa oankouesa viuk ikfjokfjd vkokl ds gksrs gq, Hkh xksLokfe;ksa ds lsokdaqt esa jgdj izkr%&lk;a mudhiwtk&fofËk vkSj gLrfyf[kr ok.kh&xzaFkksa dk vË;;u ,oa vuqlaËkku djuk iM+kA ;g mudseuu'khy thou dh cgqr cM+h miyfCËk Fkh] D;ksafd laiznk; ds ,d vkpk;Z us cM+h n<+rk lsok.kh xazFk&izkIr djus esa ;gka rd dg fn;k Fkk fd ^izsey{k.kk HkfDr dk rŸocksËk flaguh ds nwËkds ln'k gSA ;k rks og flag&'kkod ds isV esa iprk gS ;k Lo.kZ&ik= esa vukfoy jgrk gSA*KkrO; gS fd flag&'kkod ls rkRi;Z xksLokeh&oa'kksn~Hko ckyd ls Fkk vkSj Lo.kZ&ik= esa


vukfoy ls vfHkizk; ea=&nhf{kr f'k"; ls FkkA Jh Lukrdth us mDr pqukSrhiw.kZ rŸocksËk dksvius 'kksËk dk fo"k; cukdj ekËkq;Z&HkfDr ds xksiuh; rŸoksa dk Hkh mn~?kkVu 'kkyhurkiwoZd djfn;k gSA lR; ;g gS fd MkW- Lukrdth us varrksxRok flaguh dk nwËk Hkh ipk fy;k gSA

fganh ds mPpLrjh; 'kksËkxzaFkksa esa MkW- fot;sUÊ Lukrdth dk ^jkËkkoYyHk laiznk; %flºkar vkSj lkfgR;* lokZfËkd egŸo j[krk gSA blesa oSfnd ;qx ls ysdj eË;;qxhu dkO;rd HkfDr&rŸo ds flºkarksa dk foospu djds fo}ku~ ys[kd us vuqlaËks; fo"k; dks Hkkoh'kksËkkfFkZ;ksa ds fy, ljy vkSj cksËkxE; cuk fn;k gSA mUgksaus dkO;lkS"Bo ls ifjiw.kZ cztHkk"kkds foiqy lkfgR; dks [kkst fudkyus dk Hkh LrqR; ,oa ljkguh; dk;Z fd;k gSA oYyHklaiznk; ds vkpk;ks± vkSj HkDr&dfo;ksa us jkËkkœ".k ds izse dks HkfDrjl dk es#naMekudj vR;ar izkaty ,oa laxhre; inksa dh jpuk dh gSA ;s lHkh in&xhroYyHkh; laiznk; esa fu:fir izsey{k.kk HkfDr ls vuqizkf.kr vkSj izLQqfVr gSaAbuesa jkËkk&œ".k ;qxy ds izse vkSj mudh yhykvksa dks ijekuan dh izkfIr dk izeq[klkËku ekuk x;k gSA rn~uqlkj ;qxy ewfrZ;ksa ds fuR;&fogkj] dkedsfy] lqjr vkfnfofoËk izlaxksa dk o.kZu fd;k x;k gSA bl HkfDr&iºfr esa ijdh;k izse dks LFkkunsdj mls mnkŸk HkkoHkwfe ij izfrf"Br djus dk iz;kl fd;k x;k gS] fdarq O;kogkfjd Hkwfeij og 'kqº ugha jg ldkA laiznk; ds vkpk;ks± ds er esa izse dks vius vkjkË; ds izfrfu"dke Hkkouk ls O;Dr djus dk foËkku gS] ftlesa fofue; dh vkdka{kk ugha gksrhA ukjnh;HkfDr lw=ksa esa ^vfuoZpuh;a izseLo:ie~* dk funsZ'k djds mls dkeukjfgr] foPNsnjfgr]vuqHkoxE; vkSj lkalkfjd izse ls i`Fkd~ dksfV dk crk;k x;k gSA bl vfuoZpuh; izse dhdlkSVh ij MkW- fot;sUÊ Lukrdth us jkËkkoYyHkh; izsey{k.kk HkfDr dks dldj tks fu"d"kZfudkyk gS] mlds vuqlkj HkfDr dk fuokZg ifo=rk ds lkFk ugha gks ldkA jkËkkœ".k dsjR;kRed izlaxksa ds varjax eeZ dks lkËkq&lar Hkys gh le>rs jgs gksa] ijarq lkekU; lkËkdksa ds‚n; esa Hkxon~HkfDr fo'kqº :i ls iui ugha ldhA oLrqr% vuqlaËkku dh izfÿ;k esa MkW-Lukrdth dk uhj&{khj lke fo'ys"k.k vR;ar ljkguh; ,oa vuqdj.kh; gSA

;|fi fganh lkfgR; ds {ks= esa MkW- fot;sUÊ Lukrdth dh [;kfr dks fpjLFkk;h cukusesa mudk 'kksËkxzaFk iw.kZr% l{ke gS] fQj Hkh mudh lkfgfR;d euu'khyrk thoui;±r lfÿ;jgh gSA ifj.kker% pkSng izeq[k œfr;ka vkSj nl laikfnr xzaFk mudh lkfgfR;d ;k=k esaljLorh&eafnj ds lqxafËkr iq"i gSaA ^pkSrU; egkizHkq dh thou&>kadh* esa MkW- Lukrdth us,d fuoSZ;fDrd ,oa fu"i{k ys[ku ds :i esa egkizHkq ds vkRefoLe`r djus okys Hktu vkSjladhruZu ds vonku dk tks mYys[k fd;k gS] og fpjLej.kh; gSA mudk dFku gSμflHkxor~izse ftl HkfDr ds ewy esa gksrk gS] og ns'k]dky tkfr vkSj ËkeZ dh lhekvksa dk vfrÿe.kdj lkoZdkfyd vkSj lkoZnsf'kd cu tkrk gSA ;g Hkxor~ izse dh vijkts; vlhe 'kfDrdk izrki gSAfi MkW- Lukrdth us HkfDr&lkfgR; ds bfrgkl esa ml ?kVuk dks vn~Hkqr vkSjviwoZ crk;k gS] tc xkSM+ns'k ds 'kkld gqlSu 'kkg ds njckj esa eqlfye uke&os"kHkw"kk lseq[;ea=h in ij rFkk futh lfpo in ij vklhu 'kkdj efyd rFkk nchj [kkl dks ÿe'k%lukru xksLokeh vkSj :iksxksLokeh ds ukeksa ls oS".ko laiznk; esa nhf{kr fd;kA ;s nksuksa HkkbZ


czk„.k ifjokj ds FksA ;s nksuksa laLœr lkfgR; ds xgu vË;srk ,oa izdkaM fo}ku~ FksA bu nksuksaus ^gfjHkfDrjlke`rflaËkq* vkSj ^mTToyuhyef.k* uked HkfDrfo"k;d nks mPp dksfV ds xzaFkksadk iz.k;u fd;kA

^lekykspuk* uked vU;re ys[k esa MkW- Lukrdth us vkykspd dh {kerk ij izdk'kMkyrs gq, fo"k;&cksËk] 'kkL=h; flºkarksa dk ikyu] ewY;kadu] fu"i{k Hkko] la;r Hkk"kk dkiz;ksx vkfn vko';d xq.kksa ds fu"BkiwoZd fuokZg djus ij cy fn;k gSA dguk u gksxk fdMkW- Lukrd us u dsoy vius vusdkusd ys[kksa esa budk fuokZg fd;k gS] vfirq O;fDrxrthou esa Hkh v{kj'k% ikyu fd;k gSA lrr~ lkfgfR;d lsok ds vuqÿe esa mudk viukikfjokfjd thou rfud misf{kr jg x;k gSA ;fn og pkgrs] rks vius O;fDrxr izHkko ls ;kvuqi;qDr lkËkuksa ls vius iq=ksa dks lEekutud ukSdjh miyCËk djkus esa lgk;d gks ldrsFksA okLro esa og fu"Bkoku~] Lokoyach vkSj vkRefuHkZj jgdj thou O;rhr djus okysnqyZHk O;fDr FksA ,d izdkj ls og lHkh lacafËk;ksa vkSj f'k";ksa esa vius tSlk ;k vius ls HkhvfËkd la?k"kZ'khyrk ls mHkjrk gqvk O;fDrRo ns[kuk pkgrs FksA

bl lanHkZ esa eSa o"kks± ls viuk Lohœr ekSu Hkax djds dsoy MkW- Lukrd ds mRd"kZ esa,d rF; dk mn~?kkVu djuk pkgrk gwa vkSj lkFk gh lkfgR;&caËkqvksa ls vius vfou; dh{kek;kpuk Hkh djrk gwaA fo'ofo|ky; ds foHkkxh; vË;{k in ij MkW- Lukrd ds vklhugksus ls dqN le; iwoZ ,d ckj lk{kkRdkj dk vk;kstu dj jgs FksA muls fcuk iwNs ghfoKkfir jhMj&in ds fy, eSaus vkosnu&i= Hkstk vkSj fu;r le; ij lk{kkRdkjkFkZ midqyifrds d{k esa mifLFkr gqvkA jhMj ds nksuksa fjDr LFkkuksa ij eq>ls dfu"B izkË;kidksa dh fu;qfDrgks xbZA yxHkx 30 o"kZ iwoZ dfFkr mudk ;g opu eq>s Lej.k gks vk;k] ^esjs lkFk rqEgkjkiq=or~ lacaËk gksus ij Hkh foHkkx dh vksj ls rqEgsa dksbZ ykHk ugha igqapsxkA* lk{kkRdkj ds fnumudk opu lR; flº gqvkA og nwljs fnu lsaV LVhQal dkWyst ds ifjlj esa esjs vkokl ijvk,A eSaus fouezrk ls dgk fd eSa mu nksuksa fu;qDr izkË;kidksa ls ofj"B gwa] fganh ,oa laLœr,e-,- esa eq>s izFke Js.kh izkIr gS vkSj izfrf"Br egkdkO; dkek;uh* ds nk'kZfud] euksoSKkfud,oa lkaLœfrd fo"k; ij izdkf'kr 'kksËkxzaFk ij iqjLœr Hkh gqvk gwaA mudk laf{kIr mŸkj Fkk] ^eSarqEgsa jhMj ds in ij fu;qDr djokdj foHkkx esa O;FkZ dh vkykspuk dk ik= cuuk ugha pkgrkA*eSa eu&gh&eu mudh fu"Bk ds vkxs ureLrd gqvkA rRdky gh esjs eu esa 1952 dh ,e-,- dhijh{kk esa fuËkkZfjr mnwZ lkfgR; ds vU;re 'kk;j vdcj bykgkcknh dk ;g 'ksj ;kn vk;kμ

dÊnkuksa dh rch;r dk vtc jax gS vktAcqycqyksa dks gS ;s gljr] fd os mYyw u gq,˚izoDrk ds :i esa esjk p;u u gksuk gh esjs fy, ojnku flº gqvkA esjs eu esa fdlh

izdkj dh gljr ugha FkhA jktuhfr dk nwf"kr okrkoj.k fo'ofo|ky;ksa esa Hkh QSy pqdk FkkAogka ,d&nwljs dh Vkax [khapus okyksa dh deh ugha FkhA lasV LVhQsal tSls dkWyst esa 40 o"kZls vfËkd le; rd vË;kiu&dk;Z djus rFkk gtkjksa dh la[;k esa Nk=ksa ds lkFk ,d fo'kkyifjokj tSlk laidZ LFkkfir gksus ls eu cM+k larq"V jgk vkSj thou Hkh 'kkafr ls O;rhr gksrkjgkA ,rnFkZ eSa Jºs; Lukrdth dh varjkRek ls Liank;eku Lusgk'khokZn dks ijks{k gh izlkn


ekurk gwaA MkW- Lukrdth dk oSnq:;iw.kZ vkSj mnkj O;fDrRo ml egko`{k ds leku Fkk tksQy ,oa Nk;k ls lefUor jgkA mudh lnk'k;rk ds dkj.k o{k ds Qy nwljksa dks gh feyrs jgsvkSj ek= Nk;k mudh viuh larku ,oa muds vfHkUu varjax fe= dh larku ds fy, 'ks"k jg xbZgSA bl egko{k dh Nk;k ds fy, mldk vkJ; ysus okyksa dks Hkh eSa HkkX;oku~ gh le>rk gwaAlaLœr lkfgR; ds vkpk;ks± }kjk vfHkuafnr egko{k bl 'kCncz„ esa vuqHkwfrxE; gSμ

vkfJrO;ks egko`{k% QyPNk;k lefUor%A;fn nSokr~ Qya ukfLr Nk;k dsu fuok;ZrsnsorqY; jkeœ".k ijegal us Hkh blh izdkj ds egku~ oVo`{k dh ifjdYiuk dh gSA

egkoV&o`{k ds uhps o;kso`º f'k"; cSBs gSa vkSj vk'p;Z ;g gS fd mudk xq#'kk'or ;qok&:i esa gh fojkteku gSA xq# dk O;k[;ku ekSu :i ls f'k";ksa dsvareZu esa Liafnr gksrk gS vkSj f'k";ksa ds lkjs la'k; fNUu&fHkUu gksrs gSaμ

fp=a oVrjksewZys o`ºk% f'k";k xq#;qZokAxqjksLrq ekSua O;k[;kua f'k";kLrq fNUula'k;k%˚vkt og eguh; o`{k gekjs lEeq[k ugha gS] ijarq f'k";ksa ds ekul&iVy ij

lkfgR; ds eeks± dks mn~?kkfVr djus esa mldk Nk;k:i vkSj ekSu O;k[;ku gh ije izsj.kkizngSA Jºs; Lukrd dk ,d lkekU; f'k"; gksus ds ukrs eSa muds f'k";ksa ls fouez fusonu djrkgwa fd ge lc viuh nyxr izfrcºrkvksa dk ifjR;kx djds fganh Hkk"kk vkSj mlds foiqylkfgR; dks le`º djus gsrq dfVcº gks tk,aA

qqq

ys[kd fganh&laLœr ds ewËkZU; fo}ku gSaA lsaV LVhQsal dkWyst] fnYyh ds foHkkxkË;{k jgsA ^ljLorh unh [kkstvfHk;ku* esa Hkh os 'kkfey FksA lEizfr #M+dh o bankSj esa jgdj Lora= ys[ku djrs gSaA

^vk/kqfud lkfgR;* ds bl vad ls laikndh; Vhe }kjk p;fur nks loZJs"Bjpukvksa dks mldh xq.koŸkk ds mRœ"V Lrj dks ns[krs gq, X;kjg&X;kjg lkS #i;s dhlw{e Ëkujkf'k lEekuLo:i lacaf/kr jpukdkj dks HksaV dh tk jgh gSA izFke dM+h esafo'ks"k lEeku ikus okys jpukdkj gSaμ'kjn jatu 'kjn vkSj fuR;kuan ^usikyh*Abl lEeku dks ikus ds gdnkj vki Hkh gks ldrs gSa c'krsZ vkidh jpuk ekSfydvkSj u;s fopkjksa ls ySl gks rFkk tks gj ih<+h ds ikBdksa ij ldkjkRed izHkkoMkyus esa lQy gksAnjvly] ;g ,d lkfgfR;d vfHk;ku gS ftlesa u;s&iqjkus lkfgR;dkjksa dkslkadsfrd :i ls lEekfur dj ge LoLFk] fuxqZV] leku lkfgfR;d /kjkry jpusds bPNqd gSaA μ laiknd


Nk=&thou laHkor% thou dk Lo.kZdky gksrkgSA vius vË;kidksa vkSj lgikfB;ksa ls tqM+h Le`fr;ka

vewY; Ëkjksgj gksrh gSaA vius fo'ofo|kyh; le; dk Ë;kudjrk gwa rks vuk;kl gh f'k{kdksa esa MkW- uxsaÊ] izks- fot;sUÊLukrd] MkW- n'kjFk vks>k] Jh HkkjrHkw"k.k ljkst] MkW- mn;Hkkuqflag vkSj MkW- vkseizdk'k rFkk lgikfB;ksa esa vkseizdk'kdksgyh] lqjsaÊ eygks=k] jruyky 'kekZ] dkafreksgu] jkeizdk'k]dSyk'kifr vks>k] ekaËkkrk vks>k] m"kk iqjh] lq"kek] jkeykyoekZ vkfn dh Le`fr;ka efLr"d esa dkSaËk tkrh gSaA

Lukrdth dh ;kn rks Hkqyk, ugha HkwyrhA og esjs xq#gh ugha] laj{kd vkSj Lusg'khy l[kk Hkh FksA mUgksaus ftrukLusg eq>s fn;k] mlls eSa dnkfi mΩ.k ugha gks ldrkA xq#ds :i esa fganh lkfgR; dk bfrgkl i<+krs le; og mlesabruk jl ?kksy nsrs Fks fd og dfork&dgkuh ds leku ljlgks tkrk FkkA HkfDr&lkfgR; vkSj czt&lkfgR; ds rks og ,slsvuU; eeZK Fks fd mudk vË;kiu fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks Hkko&foHkksjdj nsrk FkkA Nk= mudh d{kk dh izrh{kk mRdaBk ls fd;kdjrs FksA irk ugha] fdrus Nk=ksa ds Hkfo"; dk fuekZ.kf'k";oRly Lukrd th us fd;k vkSj fdruksa dks ifjokj dscqtqxZ dh rjg Lusg&lg;ksx fn;kA

jkekorkj R;kxh vkSj eSa muds eqagyxs f'k"; Fks vkSj;nk&dnk mudh mnkjrk ls ykHk mBkdj muls galh&etkddjus dk nq%lkgl Hkh dj ysrs FksA og Hkh gels fe=or~vkpj.k djrs gq, vusd xksiuh; izlax Hkh gekjs dkuksa esaMkyrs jgrs FksA volj feyrs gh og gekjh ihB FkiFkikrsjgrsA gj f'k"; dks fujarj izsfjr&izksRlkfgr djrs jguk mudklgt LoHkko FkkA dksbZ lHkk] xks"Bh] lsfeukj gks] rqjar dgnsrsμog cSBk gS jkgh] esjk f'k"; gS] cM+k vPNk dfo gSA ogjgk ujsaÊ dksgyh] cM+k vPNk dFkkdkj gS vkSj bl rjgftl&ftl Hkh vius f'k"; ij mudh fuxkg iM+rh tkrh] ogmldh c<+k&p<+kdj iz'kalk djrs jgrsA dHkh fdlh dh

Le`fr

LukrdthHkqyk;s ugha

Hkwyrs !μckyLo:i jkgh

Lukrdth dh ;kn rks Hkqyk,ugha HkwyrhA og esjs xq# ghugha] laj{kd vkSj Lusg'khyl[kk Hkh FksA mUgksaus ftrukLusg eq>s fn;k] mlls eS adnkfi mΩ.k ugha gks ldrkAxq# ds :i esa fganh lkfgR; dkbfrgkl i<+krs le; og mlesabruk jl ?kksy nsrs Fks fd ogdfork&dgkuh ds leku ljlgks tkrk FkkA HkfDr&lkfgR;vkSj czt&lkfgR; ds rks og,sls vuU; eeZK Fks fd mudkvË;kiu fo|kfFk Z;ks a dksHkko&foHkksj dj nsrk FkkANk= mudh d{kk dh izrh{kkmRdaBk ls fd;k djrs FksA irkugha] fdrus Nk=ksa ds Hkfo";dk fuek Z.k f'k";oRlyLukrd th us fd;k vkSjfdruksa dks ifjokj ds cqtqxZdh rjg Lusg&lg;ksx fn;kA


vkykspuk ;k fuank esa mUgksaus 'kCn cjckn ugha fd,] dHkh fdlh ds lkeus viuk nq[kM+k ughajks;kA og mRlkg vkSj meax ds vtlz lzksr FksA

eSaus 1957 esa fnYyh fo'ofo|ky; ls fganh esa ,e-,- fd;k FkkA dqN fnu ijs'kkuh esaxqtjsA fQj MkW- uxsaÊ us vius lkfgfR;d lgk;d ds :i esa fganh foHkkx esa fu;qfDr djk nhAcSBus dk dksbZ iDdk fBdkuk rks Fkk ughaA vr% fganh foHkkx ds d{k esa gh vfËkdrj le;dkVuk iM+rk FkkA ml d{k esa Lukrdth ds fy, ,d i`Fkd~ dsfcu&lk cuk fn;k x;k FkkALukrdth ds ojn~ lkfUuË; esa chrs ml le; ds dbZ Lej.k lgt gh ;kn gks vkrs gSaA

xjfe;ksa ds fnu FksA ,d lTtu gkaQrs gq, d{k esa vk, vkSj BaMs ikuh dh Qjekb'k dhA'khry ty dh dksbZ O;oLFkk rc ogka Fkh ughaA Lukrdth us mUgsa rlYyh nsrs gq,dgkμfljkgh dh O;oLFkk gks xbZ gS] lqjkgh dh Hkh 'kh?kz gh gks tk,xhAfi

,d laLej.k tjk vukSipkfjd gSA ,d ckj ,d Hkkjh&Hkjde nsohth usFkdh&gkjh pky ls dejs esa izos'k fd;kA FkksM+h nsj lqLrkdj mUgksaus Lukrdth lscPputh dk irk iwNkA irk gekjs ikl ugha Fkk ;k 'kk;n FkkA cgjgky] tks HkhfLFkfr jgh gks] nsohth ds fonk gksus ds mijkar Lukrdth cksysμfldcls lqurs vk jgsFks] cPputh cgqr gh yksdfiz; dfo gSa] cgqr gh yksdfiz; dfo gSa] igyh ckj mUgsa iwNrk gqvkdksbZ vk;k gS vkSj og Hkh ;s!fi

vc nks ckrsa ,slh] tks esjs flok dksbZ tkurk ughaA tkurk Hkh gks rks vkËkh&vËkwjhALukrdth cgqr gh fouksnfiz; FksA ckr mUgha fnuksa dh gS] tc eSa MkW- uxsaÊ dk lkfgfR;dlgk;d FkkA muds d{k esa cSBk FkkA ,d irys&nqcys VksihËkkjh lTtu us izos'k fd;k vkSjcSBrs gh MkWDVj lkgc dks cqjh rjg QVdkjkμflvc rqe ykSaMs&yikM+ksa ij Hkh fy[kus yxsAfickr MkWDVj lkgc us fdlh rjg VkyhA ekSdk feyrs gh eSaus MkWDVj lkgc ls iwNkμfl;gfdldh ckr dj jgs gSa\fi MkWDVj lkgc us crk;k fd mudk ladsr cPputh dh vksj FkkAeSaus ;g izlax Lukrdth dks lquk;kA ;g Hkh crk;k fd og egkuqHkko izkS<+ gks pys Fks] ijarqmudk fookg ugha gks ik;k FkkA mu fnuksa ;g ppkZ lquus esa vkbZ Fkh fd og blds fy,ykykf;r gSaA Lukrdth us vko ns[kk u rko] ,d yach dfork eqDr Nan esa fy[k MkyhA'kh"kZd Fkkμ^IykfLVd&fiz;k*A dfork esa muds 'kqHkfpardksa ls flQkfj'k dh xbZ Fkh fd ,slhfLFkfr esa mUgsa IykfLVd dh cuh dksbZ izsfedk gh HksaV dj nh tk,A ,sls gh ,d yach Nankscºdfork] ftlds ys[ku esa esjk Hkh ;fRdafpr~ ;ksxnku Fkk] Lukrdth us ,d iz[;kr miU;kldkjds fo"k; esa fy[kh Fkh tks ,d uknku O;fDr ds cgdkos esa vkdj ,d dfYir fo'ofo|ky;ds mn~?kkVu ds fy, py iM+s FksA

,d ckj ,d lkfgR;dkj dks fganh vdkneh dk lEeku feyk rks Lukrdth us pqVdhysrs gq, dgkμfl;g o`º ugha] ckyo`º gSaAfi og lTtu Fks MkW- euksgjykyA mez esa rks de Fks]ijarq muds cky vle; id x, FksA Lukrdth dks ladksp ;k vkSipkfjdrk Nw rd ugha xbZFkhA ,d ckj fdlh ys[kd dks ^dYikar iqjLdkj* iznku djrs gq, lgtHkko ls mUgksaus dgfn;k fd eSa u tkus fdrus yksxksa dks lEeku fnyok pqdk gwa] ns pqdk gwa] ijUrq eq>s vkt rd


fdlh us dksbZ iqjLdkj ugha fn;kA Jh eqjkjhyky R;kxh us rRdky ?kksf"kr dj fn;k fd vxyk^dYikar iqjLdkj* Lukrdth dks lknj lefiZr fd;k tk,xk vkSj bruk NksVk&lk iqjLdkj HkhLukrdth us cM+s izse ls xzg.k fd;kA ^Hkkjr&Hkkjrh iqjLdkj* ikdj mUgsa vPNk yxk FkkAmUgksaus eq>ls dgk Fkk] flns[kks] mŸkj izns'k ds lekpkj&i=ksa us bls fdruk egŸo fn;k gS] igysiUus ij blds ckjs esa fdruh izeq[krk ds lkFk Nkik gSAfi

eSa œrK gwa fd Lukrdth us eq>s vxkËk Lusg fn;k vkSj esjh dbZ yM+kb;ka mUgksaus Lo;ayM+haA og esjs vuqjksËk dh j{kk rRijrkiwoZd djrs FksA eSa mudh deh eglwl djrk gwaA

qqq

ys[kd ns'k ds ,d iz[;kr xhrdkj gSaA os ^lkIrkfgd fganqLrku*] ^izksc bafM;k* vkSj ^dYikar* ds lEiknu esa lfÿ;jgsA Hkkjrh; KkuihB rFkk ^fganh Hkou* ds lfpo Hkh jgsA lEizfr fnYyh esa jgdj Lora= ys[kuA

O;Fkkdejs ls ckgj /kwi esa cSBh larks"k ds ikl vkdj vEek cksyhμflrw rks ;gk° vkdj cSBh

gS] dke ij tkus dk Vse gks x;k] Hkwy xbZ D;k\fi csVh dks ckr Vkyrs ns[k vEeka >YykmBhμfleSaus D;k dgk lquk ugha D;k\ rsjh dke okyh lkbM ds vkt nks&rhu fnu gks x;s gSaAlc ?kj ds yksx dkao&dkao djds Hkyk&cqjk rks dgsaxs] ≈ij ls iSls dkVsaxs lks vyx---lqujgh gS fd ugha---tkurh gS lc feykdj fdrus #i;s dV tk;saxs---\fi >d>ksjus ds fy, daËksij vk;s vEeka ds gkFk dks ,d rjQ dj lqcdrs gq, Lojksa esa larks"k cksyhμflvEek nks&rhufnu ls cq[kkj esa ri jgh gw°A [kk°lrs&[kk°lrs gh jkr xqtjh gSA FkksM+k Bhd yxus ij ;gk° vkdjcSBh rks rqe dke ij tkus vkSj iSls dVus dh ckr dj jgh gks\ rqe ek° gks fd---\fi

vijk/kcks/k ds dV?kjs esa ,dne [kM+k djus okyh fouez csVh dh ckrksa us vEek dksxyrh dk ,glkl djkdj vanj rd fgyk fn;kμfldg] dg uk--- eSa rsjh vEek ugha Mkdugw°A rsjh dekbZ ls viuk isV Hkjus okyhA ij D;k d:°\ rw ns[krh gS uk! eSa] rsjs ikik vkSj rwfdruh esgur djrs gSa fQj Hkh ik°p tu dh fxjLFkh----Afi vEek rsjg&pkSng o"khZ; larks"k dksxys yxkdj tksjksa ls jksus yxh FkhA chekjh ls ttZj larks"k ds eu esa mBs rwQku dh ygjksa lsvkokt vkus yxhμflgs Hkxoku] eSaus D;k dj fn;kAfi mlus ikl cSBs NksVs HkkbZ&cguksa ds ekSuvk°lqvksa dh vksj ns[kk rFkk cqDdk QkM+dj vEek ls fyiVdj cksyhμfleq>s ekQ dj nsvEek] gs Hkxoku! cksy fudyus ls igys esjh tcku dV D;ksa ugha xbZAfi

flbl iki ds fy, ekQh eSa ugha rw eq>s ns csVhAfi vEek vius vk°py ls larks"k dsvk°lqvksa dks lkQ djrs gq, vius dks la;r djus dh dksf'k'k djus yxh FkhA qqq

766] lqnkek uxj] bUnkSj&432009 (e/; izns'k)A laidZ % 09617597211] 09406852341

y?kqdFkk

μlrh'k nqcs


eSa tc 24 uoEcj] 1998 dks ^mŸkj izns'k fganh laLFkku*dk ^lkfgR; Hkw"k.k* iqjLdkj ysus ds fy, y[ku≈

tkus dh rS;kjh dj jgk Fkk] rc izks- fot;sUÊ Lukrd e`R;q lsviuh yM+kbZ lsaV LVhQal vLirky (fnYyh) esa yM+ jgsFksA laË;k gksrs&gksrs og e`R;q ls ijkftr gks x, vkSjmuds izk.k bZ'oj esa fey x,A eq>s bl nq%[knk;h?kVuk dh tkudkjh y[ku≈ igqapus ij gqbZA O;Fkk,oa vkReXykfu ls eu fo‡y gks mBkA izks- fot;sUÊLukrd oSls rks vLoLFk py jgs Fks] ysfdu mudhftthfo"kk mUgsa lkfgR;&lalkj esa lfÿ; cuk, gq, FkhA eq>svk'p;Z gksrk Fkk fd eËkqesg ls ihfM+r vkSj Qwy tSls 'kjhjokys izks- Lukrd dSls bruh lfÿ;rk cuk, gq, gSa\ bËkj ogvkB&nl fnu t;iqj xksYMu vLirky esa jgdj vk, FksAog ?kj vk, gh Fks fd mUgsa fQj vLirky esa tkuk iM+kA blckj og fQj ?kj ugha ykSVsA

mudh bl vafre chekjh dh tkudkjh eq>s FkhA mudsNksVs HkkbZ Jh lqjsaÊ flag oekZ esjs iM+kslh FksA os lkjh lwpuk,ansrs jgsA eq>s bldh Hkh lwpuk nh fd og eq>s ;kn dj jgsFksA bldh tkudkjh eq>s muds nsgkolku ds ckn mudsnkekn MkW- gjh'k uoy us Hkh nh vkSj crk;k fd og ftulsfeyuk pkgrs Fks] muesa mUgksaus esjk Hkh uke fy;k FkkA eSa vktvkReXykfu ls ihfM+r gwa fd eSa muds vafre n'kZu ugha djldkA ;gh lksprk jgk fd og Bhd gksdj ?kj vk tk,axs] rcns[kus tk≈axk vkSj y[ku≈ ls ykSVdj muds n'kZu djus dkdk;Zÿe rks Fkk ghA ;g dYiukrhr Fkk fd izks- Lukrd blckj e`R;q dks thr ugha ik,axs vkSj eq>s ;g iNrkok thou&HkjnnZ nsrk jgsxkA

eSa 1959&61 esa fnYyh fo'ofo|ky; esa izks- fot;sUÊLukrd dk Nk= FkkA bu nks o"kks± dh vusd >kafd;ka vkt

izlaxo'k

tc MkW-ukeoj flag usmuls lg;ksx

ekaxk---μMkW- deyfd'kksj

xks;udk

,slk ,d izlax eq>s vkt Hkh;kn gSA ml le; og fnYyhfo'ofo|ky; ds fganh foHkkxds vË;{k Fks vkSj izksQslj indk baVjO;w gksus okyk FkkA MkW-ukeoj flag Hkh izR;k'kh Fks vkSjjktuhfrd 'kfDr;ka mudklg;ksx dj jgh FkhaA izks-Lukrd us eq>s crk;k Fkk fdMkW- ukeoj flag muls feyusvk, Fks vkSj lg;ksx ekaxk FkkAbl baVjO;w ls fganh foHkkx rFkkfnYyh ds fganh lalkj esa cM+hgypy Fkh vkSj fganh dsvfËkdrj vË;kid le>rs Fksfd MkW- ukeoj flag ds vkus lsfnYyh fo'ofo|ky; dkfganh foHkkx jktuhfr dk x<+cu tk,xkA


eu esa dkSaËk jgh gSaaA og ,d ,sls vË;kid Fks] tks vius Nk=ksa dks viuh fo}rk rFkk vË;kiudkS'ky ls vius ifjokj dk fgLlk cuk ysrs gSaA os î`Fohjktjklks* rFkk ^fganh lkfgR; dkbfrgkl* i<+krs Fksμ,slh jkspdrk ds lkFk fd mudh d{kk esa cSBuk lnSo vkuannk;d gksrkAizks- fot;sUÊ Lukrd ds O;fDrRo esa ,d ,slk [kqykiu Fkk] ftlesa ljyrk] fu'Nyrk] O;aX;]gkL; rFkk vkReh;rk dk vn~Hkqr lfEeyu FkkA mudk ;g O;fDrRo thou Hkj cuk jgkA ogviuh ljyrk ds dkj.k vius thou dh dqN nqcZyrkvksa dks Hkh Lohdkj djus esa dHkh ughafgpdsA ;s ,slh nqcZyrk,a Fkha] ftuesa mUgksaus dqN O;fDr;ksa ds vuqfpr mn~ns';ksa dks Lohdkjfd;k vkSj viuh l‚n;rk rFkk ekuoh;rk ds dkj.k mudk lkFk fn;k] ysfdu ,d lR; ;gHkh gS fd mUgksaus dHkh vius ifjokj ds vkSj vius HkkbZ&cguksa ds cPpksa dh vuqfpr lgk;rkugha dhA og pkgrs rks ,slk lgt :i esa dj ldrs Fks] ysfdu ugha fd;kA og iw.kZ :i lsLo;a dks ifjokj ls ≈ij j[kus esa lQy gq,] tcfd fnYyh fo'ofo|ky; ds dbZ vkpk;ks±esa ,slh nqcZyrk,a jgh gSaA

izks- fot;sUÊ Lukrd ls esjk lacaËk yxHkx 40 o"kks± dk gSA bu pkj n'kdksa esa eSaus mudsvusd :i ns[ks gSaμ,d vË;kid dk ,slk :i tks vius Nk= dks izfrf"Br djrk gS vkSj mlsviuh ;ksX;rk dks c<+kus dk volj nsrk gS_ ,d ifjokj ds laj{kd dk ,slk :i tks ihfM+rvoLFkk esa ekxZ&izn'kZu djrk gS rFkk lHkh laHko lgk;rk djrk gS_ ,d fo}ku~ dk ,slk :itks vusd Nk=ksa ls Hkh laokn ds fy, rRij jgrk gS vkSj ifjokj ds ,d cM+s HkkbZ dk :i tksifjokj ds lq[k&nq%[k dk Ë;ku j[krk gSA eSaus muds O;fDrRo esa ,sls gh lqanj :i ns[ks gSa esjs,e-,- djus ds ckn ls gh og eq> ij œik djrs jgsA mudh fpark jgh fd eSa ih&,p-Mh-d:a vkSj mUgksaus blds fy, eq>s esjB dkWyst ds fganh foHkkx ds vË;{k MkW- jkeizdk'kvxzoky ds ikl Hkstkμ,d iz'kalkRed i= ds lkFk fd deyfd'kksj esjs ;ksX;re Nk=ksa esa ls,d gSaA

la;ksxo'k ckn esa ,slk gqvk fd MkW- lkfo=h flUgk ds funsZ'ku esa fnYyh fo'ofo|ky;ls gh eSaus ih&,p-Mh- dh vkSj esjk 'kksËk&izcaËkμîzsepan ds miU;klksa dk f'kYi&foËkku*'kh"kZd ls izdkf'kr gqvkA bldh Hkwfedk izks- Lukrd us fy[kh vkSj bl dk;Z dh Hkjiwj iz'kalkdhA vkt ls 25&26 o"kZ iwoZ izks- Lukrd ds bl vk'khokZniw.kZ ewY;kadu us eq>s dqN u;kdjus dh 'kfDr rFkk izsj.kk iznku dhA fu'p; gh ;g mudh izsj.kk rFkk izksRlkgu dk ghifj.kke Fkk fd eSa izsepan ds vË;;u vkSj 'kksËk ds {ks= esa dqN u;k dj ldkA

rc izks- fot;sUÊ Lukrd ds lkFk esjh fudVrk vkSj Hkh c<+ xbZA izsepan dh tUe&'krkCnh(o"kZ 1980) ds volj ds fy, eSaus tc fnYyh esa ,d jk"V™h; lfefr dh LFkkiuk dh] rksizks- Lukrd dks jk"V™h; dk;Zÿeksa ds vk;kstu dk la;kstd cuk;k x;kA eSa izsepan tUe&'krkCnhjk"V™h; lfefr* ds laLFkkid egklfpo ds ukrs muds lkFk Fkk ghA bl lfefr us dbZdk;Zÿe fd,] ysfdu lcls cM+k dk;Zÿe fQDdh vkWfMVksfj;e (ubZ fnYyh) esa gqvkA bldk;Zÿe esa ve`rjk; Hkh mifLFkr Fks vkSj mUgksaus esjs îzsepan fo'odks'k* dk foekspu Hkh


fd;kA bl dk;Zÿe esa ,d fLFkfr ,slh Hkh vkbZ] tc fdUgha vKkr dkj.kksa ls lfefr dsvË;{k us lg;ksx nsus esa ladksp fd;k vkSj [kpsZ ds fy, psd ij gLrk{kj ugha fd,A rc izks-Lukrd fpafrr ugha gq,A og Lo;a vius ikl ls 10]000 #i, ysdj vk, ftlls ckgj lscqyk, x, esgekuksa ds [kpsZ dk Hkqxrku fd;k tk ldsA bZ'oj dh œik ls ,slk volj ughavk;k vkSj izfrdwy fLFkfr;ksa dks vuqdwy cuk fy;k x;k] ysfdu blls ;g Li"V vo';gqvk fd fodV ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa Hkh og jkLrk fudky ldrs Fks vkSj vius opu ds ikyu dsfy, og vius lkËkuksa dks Hkh nkao ij yxk ldrs FksA

izks- fot;sUÊ Lukrd ds ?kj&ijfokj ds rFkk xksf"B;ksa esa muds O;k[;kuksa rFkk lgHkkfxrkds vusd n`'; esjh Le`fr esa vkt Hkh thoar cus gq, gSaA tc Hkh ?kj tkuk gqvk] oglnSo tehu ij fcNk, vklu ij cSBs feysA lkeus dh eqa'khuqek MsLd ij dqNfy[krs gq,] dqN i<+rs gq, vFkok Qksu ij ckr djrs gq,A og lnSo izlUu fpŸk lsfeyrs] pk;&dksd ls lRdkj djrs vkSj thou dk lq[k&nq%[k tkuus ds fy,mRlqd gksrsA eq>s ;kn ugha] dHkh mUgksaus xyr vFkok O;Lr le; ij vkus dk rkukfn;k gksA ckrphr esa og vius thou dh ?kVuk,a rFkk fu"d"kZ Hkh crkrs pyrs vkSjrc yxrk fd eSa muds ifjokj dk gh fgLlk gwaA ,slh gh ,d viuRo vkSj fo'okl dh ?kVukeq>s ;kn gS] tc dqN o"kZ iwoZ lkfgR; vdkneh] ubZ fnYyh esa ^thouh&vkRedFkk&laLej.k*ij ,d jk"V™h; xks"Bh FkhA muesa tSusaÊ dqekj] vKs;] ve`rjk;] izks- fot;sUÊ Lukrd vkfnvusd izfrf"Br lkfgR;dkj mifLFkr FksA eSa Hkh ,d Jksrk ds :i esa mifLFkr Fkk vkSj izks-Lukrd ds lkFk gh cSBk FkkA ve`rjk; thouh&ys[ku ij cksy jgs FksA rHkh vpkud mudhn`f"V eq> ij iM+h vkSj mUgksaus cM+h mŸkstuk esa eq>s lacksfËkr djds ikap iz'u fd, vkSjyydkjk fd xks;udk] rqEgsa crkuk gksxk fd rqeus esjs cki izsepan ds ckjs esa ;s ckrsa D;ksafy[kha\ eSa ,d ckj rks gDdk&cDdk jg x;k vkSj lksp ugha ik;k fd vpkud ve`rjk; dkÿksËk eq> ij D;ksa meM+ iM+k\

lHkk dk n`'; cny pqdk Fkk vkSj eq> ij lcdh fuxkgsa vkdj fVd xbZ FkhaA izks-Lukrd Hkh dqN O;kdqy gq,] ysfdu mUgksaus eq>ls dgk fd rqe esjs f'k"; gks] eSnku esa dwnksvkSj la;r :i esa e;kZnk ds lkFk mŸkj nksA Ë;ku jgs] ;g laokn fookn esa u cny tk,ALukrdth esjs xq# FksA vr% muds 'kCnksa us eq>s 'kfDr nh vkSj eSa eap ij tk igqapkA eSausve`rjk;th dks lacksfËkr djrs gq, dgk fd izsepan dh ftu dqN nqcZyrkvksa dh ppkZ eSaus dhgS] og rks lcls igys vkidh ekrkth f'kojkuh nsoh us viuh iqLrd ^izsepan&?kj esa* dh gSAvr% blds fy, eSa nks"kh ugha gwaA tgka rd izsepan }kjk viuh csVh ds fookg esa ngst nsus dkiz'u gS rFkk thou ds var esa yxHkx 5]000 #i, gksus dk loky gS] rks blds izek.k rks eSavkids ?kj ls gh yk;k FkkA

esjs bl mŸkj ls lHkk esa Hkkjh g"kZ&Ëofu gqbZ vkSj Lukrdth us esjh ihB BksdhA og bllsizlUu Fks fd eSaus mudh bPNk ds vuq:i larqfyr Hkk"kk esa loZFkk rdZlaxr mŸkj fn;k Fkk vkSj


muds f'k"; gksus dk izek.k fn;k FkkA ;gka ;g Hkh mYys[kuh; gS fd ve`rjk; esjs mŸkj ds cknfQj eap ij vk, vkSj viuh eka dks ^nk#.k naHkh* ?kksf"kr fd;kA

fganh vdkneh (fnYyh) dh dk;Zdkfj.kh ds lnL; ds ukrs foxr dqN o"kks± lsLukrdth ds lkFk esjk fudV dk laidZ jgkA fganh vdkneh us mUgsa ^'kykdk iqjLdkj* iznkufd;kA eSa tkurk gwa fd mUgksaus dHkh blds fy, iz;Ru ugha fd;k FkkA mŸkj izns'k fganh laLFkku(y[ku≈) ls feys Hkkjr&Hkkjrh iqjLdkj* ds fy, Hkh mUgksaus fdlh ls laidZ ugha fd;k FkkAvly esa mUgksaus dHkh vius fy, iqjLdkjksa esa #fp ugha yhA ;gh dkj.k Fkk fd mUgsa brusfoyac ls iqjLdkj feys] ijUrq vius ;ksX; f'k";ksa rFkk lkfgR;&lkËkdksa dks iqjLœr djkus esaog lnSo lkFkZdrk ls rRij jgsA mŸkj izns'k fganh laLFkku us bl o"kZ eq>s ^lkfgR;Hkw"k.k*iqjLdkj iznku fd;k rks og gh iqjLdkj lfefr ds vË;{k Fks vkSj y[ku≈ ls ykSVus ds cknQksu djds mUgksaus eq>s cËkkbZ nh vkSj esjs izsepan&lacaËkh dk;ks± dh iz'kalk dhA mUgksaus lnSoeq>s izsfjr fd;k] izksRlkgu fn;k vkSj tc Hkh volj vk;k] rc mUgksaus esjs dk;ks± ij ys[kfy[kdj vius fopkjksa ls lkfgR; lalkj dks voxr djk;kA esjs laxzg esa vkt Hkh mudk 12tuojh] 1984 dk i= gS] tks mUgksaus Hkkjrh; Hkk"kk ifj"kn~ (dydŸkk) }kjk izsepan fo'odks'k*ij iqjLdkj dh ?kks"k.kk lqudj fy[kk FkkA izks- Lukrd us eq>s bl i= esa fy[kk Fkk] flvktizkr% lkr cts tks lq[kn lekpkj feyk] og MkW- deyfd'kksj xks;udk dks dydŸkk dhHkkjrh; Hkk"kk ifj"kn~ dh vksj ls mudh Js"B œfr ^izsepan fo'odks'k* ij iqjLdkj dh?kks"k.kk dk gSA eSa bl iqjLdkj esa vius dks 'kkfey le>rk gwa vkSj izlUurk dk vuqHko djrkgwa fd esjs ,d ;ksX; f'k"; us viuh ;ksX;rk dk izek.k dsoy iqjLdkj ikdj gh ugha] oju~^Js"B* jpuk }kjk izLrqr fd;k gSA iqjLdkj rks vkuq"kafxd gS] lkoZtfud :i ls œfr dhJs"Brk dh ljkguk gh izeq[k gSA esjh cËkkbZ Lohdkj djksA eq>s gkfnZd izlUurk gS fd rqeus;g iqjLdkj vius vË;;u] vË;olk; vkSj vuqlaËkku dh lkFkZdrk ds miy{; esa izkIrfd;k gSA rqEgkjh bl œfr esa Losn&fcanq rks gSa gh] Kku&fiiklk dh r`fIr dk vkLokn Hkh gSAfiz; xks;udk] Lej.k j[kks] thou esa flfº;ka vkSj lQyrk,a rks vusd gSa vkSj mUgsa izkIr djusds mik; Hkh vuar gSa] fdarq tks flfº lkfRod Je vkSj lR;fu"Bk ls miyCËk gksrh gS] oghLFkk;h curh gSA ftl dk;Z ds ihNs lPph yxu] bZekunkjh vkSj R;kx dh Hkkouk ugha gksrh]og dk;Z nh?kZdkyhu ;'k dk Hkkxh ugha gksrkA {k.k&Hkj ds fy, iz'kalk dk Hkktu rks dksbZ Hkhgks ldrk gS] fdarq fpjLFkk;h ;'k rqEgkjs ^izsepan fo'odks'k* tSls dk;Z ls gh feyrk gSAlR;fu"Bk ls blh izdkj mPpLrjh; dk;Z djrs jgus dk vkn'kZ lkeus j[kks&flfº vkSjizflfº ds ykykf;r er cuksA lkjh flfº;ka Js"B dk;Z ds ihNs Lo;a nkSM+h pyh tk,axhAfi

bl i= us eq>s vius 'kksËkdk;ks± ds izfr vkSj Hkh n`<+rk] fu"Bk vkSj lkËkuk dh euksfLFkfriznku dhA mlh dk ifj.kke gS fd eSa 35 o"kks± ds 'kksËkdk;Z ds ckn Hkh izsepan ds 'kksËk esa yxkgwaA izks- Lukrd us i= ds vfrfjDr rhu ys[k esjs dk;ks± ij fy[ks vkSj eq>s vkxs c<+us ds fy,izsfjr djrs jgsA ,slk xq# fdlh dks fey tk, rks mldk ekxZ ges'kk iz'kLr cuk jgsxk vkSj ekxZls HkVdus dh vk'kadk Hkh ugha jgsxhA muds tks Hkh f'k"; lkfgR; esa izfrf"Br gSa] mu lHkh us


lkËkkuk ls gh flfº izkIr dh gS] fdlh Ëku] in ;k fdlh fopkj vFkok O;fDr ds lgkjs ogml LFkku rd ugha igqaps gSaA

izks- fot;sUÊ Lukrd dh fo'ks"krk ;g Fkh fd tc Hkh muls feyuk gksrk] og ifjokj]fe=ksa] f'k";ksa dh dq'kyrk ds fy, fpafrr fn[kkbZ nsrs] ysfdu eSaus muls vius ifjokj dhfparkvksa ds ckjs esa ugha lqukA ;g muds O;fDrRo dh ,d cgqr cM+h 'kfDr FkhA og ftu HkhifjfLFkfr;ksa esa jgs] vkuan ls jgsA foifŸk vkSj d"V ls og izHkkfor gksa] detksj gq, gksa] ,slk dksbZmnkgj.k esjs lkeus ugha gSaA ,slk ,d izlax eq>s vkt Hkh ;kn gSA ml le; og fnYyhfo'ofo|ky; ds fganh foHkkx ds vË;{k Fks vkSj izksQslj in dk baVjO;w gksus okyk FkkA MkW-ukeoj flag Hkh izR;k'kh Fks vkSj jktuhfrd 'kfDr;ka mudk lg;ksx dj jgh FkhaA izks-Lukrd us eq>s crk;k Fkk fd MkW- ukeoj flag muls feyus vk, Fks vkSj lg;ksx ekaxkFkkA bl baVjO;w ls fganh foHkkx rFkk fnYyh ds fganh lalkj esa cM+h gypy Fkh vkSjfganh ds vfËkdrj vË;kid le>rs Fks fd MkW- ukeoj flag ds vkus ls fnYyhfo'ofo|ky; dk fganh foHkkx jktuhfr dk x<+ cu tk,xkA bl fLFkfr ds dkj.k fganhds yxHkx 200&300 vË;kid Ikzks- Lukrd ds ?kj igqaps vkSj muls vkxzg fd;k fd ogfdlh ds ncko esa fdlh jktuhfrd izfrcºrk ds fy, vFkok fdlh i{kikr uhfr ls gksus okyhfdlh fu;qfDr dk lkFk u nsa vkSj mldk MVdj fojksËk djsaA izks- Lukrd us eqldjkrs gq, mŸkjfn;k fd og viuh lhfer 'kfDr ds ckotwn U;k; ds fy, gh dj;Z djsaxsA

baVjO;w esa egknsoh oekZ fo'ks"kK cudj vkb±A baVjO;w gqvkA izks- Lukrd dh n[kyankthds fcuk gh og lc gks xk;k tks fnYyh fo'ofo|ky; ds fganh foHkkx ds fy, mfpr vkSjvuqdwy FkkA izks- Lukrd us bl fodV ifjfLFkfr esa ftl lw>cw> vkSj usr`Ro&dkS'ky lsleL;k dk gy fd;k] og fganh foHkkx rFkk fganh ds vË;kid dHkh Hkwy ugha ldsaxsA bl ijls jktuhfrd gLr{ksi vkSj xqVckth dh vk'kadk,a lnSo ds fy, lekIr dj nhaA

izks- Lukrd esa vn~Hkqr ftthfo"kk FkhA og lkfgR; ds Ωf"k Fks] Hkkjrh; laLœfr dkslthork ls thus okys vkSj xq# ds :i esa viuh ijaijk dks fodflr djus okysA og viusf'k";ksa ds fy, T;ksfr vkSj 'kfDr ds iqat FksA bl dkj.k gh muds dqN f'k"; vaËkdkj esa HkhT;ksfr dh dqN fdj.ksa [kkst ldsA muesa ekuoh;rk dk xgjk Hkko Fkk vkSj mudk }kj lcdsfy, [kqyk FkkA mUgksaus vla[; xksf"B;ksa esa tkdj vius f'k";ksa dh ihBsa FkiFkikb±] ysfduifjokj ds lnL;ksa dks Lo;a viuk ekxZ cukus ds fy, izsfjr fd;kA vkt ds lalkj esa ;gnqyZHk gSA esjs izfr mudk Lusg lnSo jgk] ysfdu eSa bl vkReXykfu ls Hkjk gwa fd mUgksaus tcthou dh vafre ?kM+h esa vkokt nh rks mls lquus ds fy, eSa muds ikl ugha tk ldkA ;giNrkok thou&Hkj lkyrk jgsxk vkSj bl dkj.k Hkh eSa mUgsa thou&Hkj ;kn j[kwaxk vkSj mudhnfoaxr vkRek dks Jºkatfy nsrk jgwaxkA

qqq

,&98] v'kksd fogkj] ubZ fnYyh


Lukrdth dks x, lksyg lky gks jgs gSa] ij vHkh Hkh lpugha yxrk fd og vc gekjs chp ugha gSa! tc&rc ge

mUgsa Qksu dj fy;k djrs FksA dHkh ;ksa gh nsj rd cfr;krsFks] dHkh fdlh xaHkhj iz'u ij muls lykg ys ysrsA dHkh&dHkhfdlh iz'u ij erHksn Hkh gks tkrs] ij og cqjk ugha ekurs Fks]ges'kk cqtqxks± dh rjg le>k nsrs FksA

vdlj og eq>ls dgrs Fks] ^lkfgR; dh jktuhfrcM+h nwf"kr gks xbZ gSA eq>s bl ckr dk cM+k vQlksl gS fdrqEgsa rqEgkjk gd ugha feyk!*

eSa ges'kk dh rjg gal nsrk Fkk] ^gekjs ,d vxztlg;ksxh FksμJh dstjhoky! og izk;% dgk djrs Fksμtksvkidk izkI; ugha] og dHkh fey ugha ldrk vkSj tks izkI;gS] og dgha tk,xk ughaA fQj fdl ckr dh fpark\ ;ghviuk thou&n'kZu gS!*

bl ij os dqN xaHkhj gks tkrs] ^rqe ;g HkkX;okfn;ksadh rjg ckrsa D;ksa djrs gks\ deZ Hkh rks dksbZ pht gS\*

^ys[kd dk deZ mldk fu"Bk ds lkFk fy[kuk gSAi<+uk gSA fujarj viuk ifj"dkj djuk gS] iqjLdkjksa ds fy,]eku&lEeku izkIr djus ds fy, nkSM+uk&Hkkxuk ugha! eq>syxrk gS] tks ys[kd vkxs c<+us ds fy, ;g ekxZ viukrs gSa]lkfgR; dh nkSM+ esa] varrksxRok os dgha cgqr ihNs NwV tkrsgSaA lkfgR; dk fuekZ.k le; pkgrk gS] rRdky ifj.kkeughaA rYLrks; dks] ps[ko dks] izsepan dks ukscsy&iqjLdkjugha feys rks D;k os NksVs gks x,\ fQj eq>s rks Lukrdth]vkids vk'khokZn ls cgr dqN feyk gS] cfYd ;g dfg, fdD;k ugha feyk\ ,slh 'kk;n gh esjh dksbZ iqLrd gks] ftldsvkB&vkB] nl&nl laLdj.k vc rd u Nis gksa! iqjLdkjHkh de ugha feys! bruk cM+k ikBd&oxZ gS! bruk vkReh;esjk lkfgfR;d ifjokj! fQj f'kdk;r D;ksa d:a\*

laLej.k

^ lkfgR; dhjktuhfr

nwf"kr gks xbZ *μfgeka'kq tks'kh

jktËkkuh ds lkfgfR;dokrkoj.k esa MkW- uxsaÊ dkncnck vkjaHk gks pqdk FkkAmudk cM+k jkSc Fkk] ijarqmuds eqdkcys esa LukrdthcMs + ljy] lgt vk SjvR;fËkd lkSE; yxs! 'kk;nmudh ;gh xzkeh.k&lqyHklgtrk muds izfr esjh Jºkdk dkj.k cuhA fo}Ÿkk esa Hkhog fdlh ls de ugha Fks] ijarqvius ikafMR; dk izn'kZudjrs mUgsa fdlh us ugha ns[kkgksxkA og ihNs [kM+s gksdj]fuLi`g&Hkko ls pqipki txdk eqtjk ns[krs jgrs FksAtkurs cgqr Fks] ijarq dVq'kCnksa esa] Hkwy ls Hkh dHkhfdlh dh vkykspuk ughadjrs FksA og vius le; dsbfrgkl ds] lkfgfR;difjorZuksa ds izR;{k lk{kh FksA


Lukrdth fQj vkxs dqN u dgdj pqi gks tkrs] ij yxrk] mudk fparu pyrk jgrkgS\ mudk Lusg fir`or FkkA 'kk;n blhfy, mUgsa larks"k ugha FkkA og vfËkd] vkSj vfËkdpkgrs FksA dbZ laLFkkvksa esa] dbZ ea=ky;ksa dh dbZ lfefr;ksa esa eSa muds lkFk jgkA lnSo mudhLi"Vokfnrk] fu"Bk vkSj fu"i{krk dh lcus ljkguk dhA fdUgha lnL;ksa esa dHkh erHksn Hkhgksrk] rks mudh eË;LFkrk lcdks ekU; gksrh!

Lukrdth ls esjk ifjp; yxHkx 45 o"kks± dk FkkA lu~ 1954 esa u;k&u;k fnYyh vk;kFkkA o`ankouoklh HkkbZ O;kluanu 'kekZ gekjs vfHkUu fe= FksA dk;kZy; esa lg;ksxh HkhAog vdlj Lukrdth dk mYys[k fd;k djrs] cM+s vknj ls] Jºk ls] Lusg ls! cM+s viusiuls dgrs Fks fd Lukrdth us MkWDVjsV dh mikfËk cztHkk"kk ds fdlh dkO; ij izkIrdh gSA

jktËkkuh ds lkfgfR;d okrkoj.k esa MkW- uxsaÊ dk ncnck vkjaHk gks pqdk FkkAmudk cM+k jkSc Fkk] ijarq muds eqdkcys esa Lukrdth cMs+ ljy] lgt vkSjvR;fËkd lkSE; yxs! 'kk;n mudh ;gh xzkeh.k&lqyHk lgtrk muds izfr esjhJºk dk dkj.k cuhA

fo}Ÿkk esa Hkh og fdlh ls de ugha Fks] ijarq vius ikafMR; dk izn'kZu djrs mUgsa fdlhus ugha ns[kk gksxkA og ihNs [kM+s gksdj] fuLi`g&Hkko ls pqipki tx dk eqtjk ns[krs jgrs FksAtkurs cgqr Fks] ijarq dVq 'kCnksa esa] Hkwy ls Hkh dHkh fdlh dh vkykspuk ugha djrs FksA ogvius le; ds bfrgkl ds] lkfgfR;d ifjorZuksa ds izR;{k lk{kh FksA cgqr dqN ,slk Hkh tkursFks] yksx ftlls vufHkK Fks] ijarq ,sls iz'uksa ij og lnk pqi yxk tkrs FksA

dHkh&dHkh eSa mUgsa NsM+us ds fy, dg fn;k djrk Fkk] Lukrdth] yksxksa ds ckjs esa vkibruk vfËkd tkurs gSaA dHkh vkRedFkk ds :i esa lp&lp lc fy[k D;ksa ugha nsrs!lkfgR;&txr esa rwQku vk tk,xkA vkids ;s cgqewY; vuqHko ,oa vuqHkwfr;ka lekt dhËkjksgj gSaA bUgsa ykSVk D;ksa ugha nsrs mUgsa\* Lukrdth lc lqudj Hkh vulquk dj nsrsA ogdgha vR;fËkd laosnu'khy FksA fdlh dk fny muls Hkwy ls Hkh nq[ks] mUgsa l· ugha FkkA

tc Hkh esjh dksbZ ubZ iqLrd izdkf'kr gksrh] og i<+rs rks foLrkj ls viuh izfrfÿ;kO;Dr djrsA bruk Li"Voknh eSaus vius laiw.kZ thou esa 'kk;n gh dHkh fdlh dks ik;k gks!mudh vkykspuk] muds O;fDrRo dh rjg fueZy FkhA dgha fdafpr dyq"k ;k dVqrk ugha!blfy, cM+h&ls&cM+h vkykspuk Hkh vkykspuk tSlh u yxdj] ,d vkReh;] l‚n; cqtqxZdh fu"i{k lykg&lh yxrh FkhA

muds vkReh; tuksa dk ifjokj fo'kky Fkk! irk ugha] fdruh laLFkkvksa! laLFkkuksa ls oslnSo tqM+s jgs] ij viuh l‚n;rk dk ifjp; nsus ds lkFk&lkFk mUgksaus dgha dksbZ vuqfprdk;Z ugha gksus fn;kA ^fganh&Hkou* rFkk vusd laLFkkvksa ls lacº vusd ?kVuk,a gSa] tgkamudh U;k;fiz;rk ds n`"Vkar lgt gh ns[ks tk ldrs gSaA


,d ckj esjh fdlh iqLrd dks iqjLœr djus ds lacaËk esa dqN fookn [kM+k gksx;kμfu.kkZ;d lfefr ds chpA dqN lnL;ksa us mldh vkykspuk dh] fdlh gn rdrh[kh&ls&rh[khA Lukrdth igys rks pqipki lc lqurs jgs] fQj dqN vkÿks'k esa cksys] ^ftrusrdZ bl iqLrd ds fo#º fn, x, gSa] os lc rF;ghu gSa] Hkzked gSaA vkiesa ls fdrus gSa] ftUgksausiqLrd i<+h gS\ igys ls gh vki yksx tc r; djds vk, gSa fd veqd&veqd ys[kdksa dhveqd&veqd iqLrdksa dks iqjLœr fd;k tk,] rks fQj O;FkZ esa ;gka fookn djus ls D;k ykHk\---gka] dy lkjh jkr tkxdj eSaus ;g iqLrd vk|ksikar i<+h gSAA eSa nkos ds lkFk dg ldrk gwa fdbl fo"k; ij] jkspd 'kSyh esa fy[kh ,slh dksbZ œfr eSaus vkt rd ugha i<+hA*

ml o"kZ mlh iqLrd dks iqjLdkj feyk] ij Lukrdth us dHkh Hkwydj Hkh bl fo"k;ij ppkZ ugha dhA gka] lfefr ds gh ,d lnL; us eghuksa ckn fdlh lkfgfR;d lekjksg esa HksaVgksus ij ;g vka[kksa ns[kk gky cryk;k FkkA

og ml ih<+h ds vafre izfrfufËk Fks] tks 'kuS%'kuS vc fojy gksrh pyh tk jgh gSA tgkaij ikfjokfjd Hkkouk Fkh] fopkj&foHksn Fkk] ij dVqRkk ugha FkhA ,d&nwljs ds izfr vVwVLusg&Hkko FkkA lkfgR;&lsok ftuds fy, ,d fe'ku Fkk! fganh&lsok ,d ËkeZ!

,d ckj fganh dh lkfgfR;d foËkkvksa ij ppkZ pyh FkhA vfËkdrj dh Ëkkj.kk Fkh fdvU; foËkkvksa dh vis{kk dgkuh&foËkk vR;fËkd yksdfiz; gksus ds ckotwn fdlh gn rdmisf{kr jgh gSA

ckr vkbZ&xbZ gks xbZA,d fnu lqcg&lqcg Lukrdth dk Qksu vk;kA dgus yxs] ^dgkuh&foËkk dh mis{kk

dh ckr rqe dj jgs Fks u! eSaus ,d Ëkuifr dks idM+k gS] og ,d dgkuh ds fy, ,d yk[kdh jkf'k nsus dks rS;kj gS---!* ,d if=dk ds ekË;e ls ^dgkuh&izfr;ksfxrk* dh ?kks"k.kk gqbZAlSdM+ksa dgkfu;ka ,d= gks xb±! mUgsa i<+us rFkk fu.kZ; dk nkf;Ro caËkqoj MkW- jkenj'k feJ dksrFkk eq>s lkSaik x;kA eghuk yxk bruh dgkfu;ka i<+us esaA

,d lekjksg esa iqjLdkj forj.k gqvk] ij var esa ,d dgkuh ij ,d yk[k dh jkf'k rksugha fey ikbZA gka] dbZ fotsrkvksa dks tksM+dj ;g ,d yk[k dk vkadM+k vo'; iwjk gks x;kA

vk;qosZfnd vkS"kfËk;ksa ds izHkko dh rjg mudk ;'k Ëkhjs&Ëkhjs QSyk] ij nwj rd QSykvkSj nsj rd QSysxkA

mUgsa tu&tu dk ftruk lEeku feyk] mruk vius thou&dky esa de yksxksa dks feyik;k gksxkA vkykspd vkerkSj ls brus ;'kLoh ugha gks ikrs] D;ksafd muds thou dk ,d vkSjigyw Hkh gksrk gS] ijUrq Lukrdth dk ikjn'khZ O;fDrRo ,d viokn&lk jgk!

qqq

ys[kd fganh txr ds ,d vUrjjk"V™h; [;kfr izkIr dFkkdkj gSaA os ^lkIrkfgd fganqLrku* ds laikndh; foHkkx esaHkh jgsA lEizfr fnYyh esa jgdj Lora= ys[kuA


vkpk;Z Lukrd ds uke dk Lej.k djrs gh tks fcac] tksvkyacu lkeus lkdkj fn[kkbZ nsrs gSa] mlesa muds

euh"kh&fpard O;k[;krk ds lkFk gh] csckd&nks Vwd ckrdgus okys Li"VoDrk ,oa fgrS"kh vË;kid&xq# dk Lo:iHkh mHkjdj lkeus vkrk gSA mudh oÿrk vkSj#{krk dk lkeuk djrs gq, Hkh yxrk jgk gS fdf'kyk[kaMks a es a izokfgr fgrSf"k.kh Hkko&Ëkkjk]fo|kFkhZ&f'k{kd vFkok vuqlafËkRlq ds deZ&ladYidks l|% Lukr djrs gq, tks lacy nsrh jgh gS] ogvfoLej.kh; gSA

eSaus lu~ 1962 esa fnYyh fo'ofo|ky; ds fganh foHkkxds varxZr ,d 'kksËkkFkhZ ds :i esa izh- ih&,p-Mh- esa izos'kik;k FkkA rHkh ls eSa vkpk;Z Lukrd ds oÿ ok.kh&vkst dsizfr vkdf"kZr cuk jgk gwaA muls esjk igyk vkeuk&lkeuklu~ 1965 esa rc gqvk] tc eSa lsaV LVhQsal dkWyst dhvflLVsaV ysDpjjf'ki dh fu;qfDr ls eqDr gksus ij] mudh'kj.k esa ukSdjh dh vkdka{kk ls x;k FkkA rc foHkkxkË;{k MkW-uxsaÊ ds lkeus ukSdjh dh ckr djuk 'ksj dh ekan esa gkFkMkyus ds leku FkkA ml le; rqyukRed n`f"V ls MkW-Lukrd vfËkd xzk· yxrs Fks] fdarq esjs eqag ls ukSdjh dhckr lqurs gh og nk,a&ck,a ns[krs gq, cksysμ^rqedks ukSdjh!bl fo'ofo|ky; esa rks rqEgsa pijklh dh Hkh ukSdjh ughafey ldrhA* esjs vokd~ rerek, gq, psgjs dks ns[kdj ogcksysμ^tc rd rqe viuh Fkhfll lcfeV ugha dj nsrsA*;g lqurs gh esjs eu esa fo{kksHk dk xqckj] ladYi esa cnydjvkSj vfËkd yxu ,oa Je dh izsj.kk cukA Qyr% tuojh1966 esa eSaus viuk 'kksËk&izcaËk ijh{k.k ds fy, fo'ofo|ky;esa izLrqr dj fn;k vkSj pkj&Ng eghus ckn ukSdjh fey

fopkj

Li"VoDrk,oa fgrS"khvè;kid

μMkW- jes'k paÊ feJ

lu~ 1994 esa esjk ,d xzaFk^lar&lkfgR; vkSj lekt*izdkf'kr g qvk] ftldkyksdkiZ.k vkpk;Z Lukrd dhvË;{krk ,oa MkW- cyjketk[kM+ (rRdkyhu œf"k ea=h)ds lkfUuË; esa 22 fnlEcj]1994 dks gqvkA ml voljdh egRoiw.kZ ckr ;g gS fdMkW- tk[kM+ us iqLrd&ys[kudk Js; vkpk;Z Lukrd dhizsj.kk dks ekurs gq,] iqLrddh igyh izfr mUgsa gh HksaVdh FkhA ml volj ijLukrdth us f'k";&ys[kdds fo"k; esa tks dgk Fkk] ogeq> tSls ds fy, thou&iwathgh dgk tk ldrk gSA


xbZA rc yxk fd vkpk;Z Lukrd dh 'kCn&dBksjrk] vius var%oklh ds izfr fdruhfgrSf"k.kh ,oa vË;olk; djus dh izsj.kk nsus okyh jgh gSA

vkpk;Z Lukrd 'kksËkkFkhZ dks fofHkUu Lrjksa ij izsj.kk nsrs FksA bldk izR;{k mnkgj.k ;ggS fd tc lu~ 1968 esa esjk 'kksËk&izcaËk fganh larksa dk myVokalh lkfgR;* izk;% Ni pqdk Fkk]rc eSa cMs+ ladksp ds lkFk xzaFk ds fizaV~l ysdj muds vkokl ij igqapk Fkk] xzaFk dh Hkwfedkfy[kokus ds fy,A esjs ladksph fuosnu dks lacy nsrs gq, mUgksaus dgkμ^'kksËk&izcaËkksa dsys[ku esa bruk ifjJe djrk dkSu gS\ rqeus cgqr ifjJe fd;k gSA* vkSj mUgksaus xzaFk dh tks^Hkwfedk* fy[kdj nh Fkh] mls i<+dj eSa Lo;a vk'p;Zpfdr Fkk fd larksa dh ml myVokalh*'kSyh ds fo"k; esa 'kkL=oknh vkpk;Z Lukrd dh bruh xgjh #fp vkSj iSB!

vius 'kksËk&izcaËk ds izdk'ku ds i'pkr~ esjh #fp ik'pkR; leh{kk&flºkarksa dks]lgtHkk"kk esa fganh&leh{kk esa ykus dh pqukSrh dh vksj eqM+ xbZ Fkh] fdarq izsj.kklzksr vkpk;ZLukrd gh FksA eSaus ikap&Ng o"kZ fodV ifjJe djds viuh ,d vkSj leh{kk&iqLrd^ik'pkR; leh{kk&flºkar* NiokbZA lu~ 1974 esa] xzh"ekodk'k dh rirh nqigjh esa vius xzaFkds fizaV~l ysdj] jk.kk izrkickx fLFkr vkokl ij tc eSaus njoktk [kV[kVk;k] rks pV[kuh[ksyrs gq, mUgksaus iwNk] ^bruh Ëkwi esa D;ksa vk,\* vR;ar fouez Hkko ls eSaus dgk]flik'pkR;&leh{kk&vË;;u dh pqukSfr;ksa dk lkeuk djus ds fy, eSaus ;g iqLrd fy[kh gSAfganh esa ,slh leh{kk&iqLrd ugha gSAfi Ëkjklu ij cSBdj NwVrs gh cksysμfleSa ik'pkR;leh{kk&{ks= esa viuh D;k jk; ns ldrk gwa\fi vkSj dgrs&dgrs fizaV~l ns[kus yxsA rRi'pkr~cksys] flcgqr ifjJe fd;k gSA NksM+ tkvksA iqLrd Bhd yxh] rks fy[kwaxkAfi eSa mBdj pykvk;kA vkB&nl fnu ckn Mjrs gq, eSaus muls iwNkμflMkWDVj lkgc] ik'pkR;&leh{kk ds osfizaV~l D;k vkius ns[k fy;s gSa\fi cksys] flns[k gh ugha fy;s gSa] mu ij fy[k Hkh fn;k gSA rqeuscM+k ifjJe fd;k gS iqLrd fy[kus esaAfi vkSj tc eSaus ^ik'pkR; leh{kk* fo"k;d fyf[krlEefr dks i<+k] rks muds fopkj i<+dj vkSj ik'pkR; leh{kk fo"k;d mudh idM+ dksns[kdj eSa pfdr jg x;kA

fiNys n'kd dh rjg lu~ 1986 esa Hkh dqN le; rd eq>s fujarj vkpk;Z Lukrdthdk lkfUuË; izkIr gqvkA dkj.k us'kuy ifCyf'kax gk≈l ls ^dchj opuke`r* dk izdk'kugksuk FkkA vkpk;Zth us eq>s dchj ds fo"k; esa dqN fo"k; fy[kus dks fn,A eSa ladksp esa dqNdg ugha ik jgk FkkA eq>s yx jgk Fkk fd vkpk;Zth esjs LokFkZ vkSj esjs dchj&fo"k;dn`f"Vdks.k dks Lohdkj ugha djsaxsA ;g Hkh yx jgk Fkk fd eq>s gj gkyr esa iqLrd ls tqM+uk HkhgSA rc eSa mudh lnk'k;rk ,oa euksHkkoksa dks le> ikus dh {kerk dks ns[kdj fuLrCËk ,oaeu&gh&eu muds izfr Jºk ls vfHkHkwr FkkA og cksysμ^rqEgkjs Je vkSj n`f"Vdks.k dk iwjklEeku gksxkA* tc iqLrd Nidj gkFkksa esa vkbZ rks eSaus ns[kk fd esjs ys[k fcuk fdlhdkV&Nk°V ds] muesa lekfgr vkSj izdkf'kr gSaA ;gh ugha] eq[k i`"B ij muds uke ds lkFk esjk


Hkh uke Nik gqvk gSA rc muds ^cM+Iiu* dk vkdkj esjs ‚n; esa vkSj c<+ x;k] vfËkd xgjkgks x;kA

vkpk;Z Lukrdth ds lkfUuË; dk ;g ÿe] ys[ku&izdk'ku ds Lrj ij gh fujarjc<+rk jgkA lu~ 1992 esa tc eSa lar lqanjnkl dh lexz ok.kh ^lqanj xazFkkoyh* ([kaM,d&nks) ysdj muds le{k mifLFkr gqvk] rks ns[krs gh cksys] flvc lar&lkfgR; ds fo"k; esaD;k fy[k Mkyk\fi eSaus iqLrd ds [kaM muds lkeus j[k fn,A ns[krs gh cksys] fl;g rks rqEgkjs}kjk fd;k x;k cM+k mi;ksxh vkSj fo'oluh; dk;Z gSA eSa fy[kwaxkAfi eSaus dgk] fliqLrd dkyksdiZ.k egkefge jk"V™ifrth (MkW- 'kadj n;ky 'kekZ th) }kjk 6 Qjojh] 1993 dksjk"V™ifr Hkou esa gh gksuk gSAfi cksys] flvPNk] iqLrd NksM+ tkvksAfi bruk cM+kO;fDrRo esjh izkFkZuk ij ml vk;q esa Hkh jk"V™ifr Hkou esa u dsoy igqapk] vfirqogka MkW- 'kadj n;ky 'kekZ th ,oa vU; mifLFkr fo}kuksa ds le{k esjs ys[k&laiknui{k dh tks iz'kalk dh] og esjs thou dh lcls cM+h miyfCËk gSA rc esjk euJs;l ,oa izs;l ds peksZRd"kZ dk vuqHko dj jgk FkkA eSa lksprk jgk Fkk fd vkpk;ZLukrd dks] ftUgsa ^[kjk leh{kd* dgk tkrk jgk gS] muds ‚n; esa Hkko dh ,slhlzksrfLouh izokfgr jgh gSA izR;{k izek.k rc ns[kus dks feykA

lu~ 1994 esa esjk ,d xzaFk lar&lkfgR; vkSj lekt* izdkf'kr gqvk] ftldk yksdkiZ.kvkpk;Z Lukrd dh vË;{krk ,oa MkW- cyjke tk[kM+ (rRdkyhu œf"k ea=h) ds lkfUuË; esa22 fnlEcj] 1994 dks gqvkA ml volj dh egRoiw.kZ ckr ;g gS fd MkW- tk[kM+ usiqLrd&ys[ku dk Js; vkpk;Z Lukrd dh izsj.kk dks ekurs gq,] iqLrd dh igyh izfr mUgsa ghHksaV dh FkhA ml volj ij Lukrdth us f'k";&ys[kd ds fo"k; esa tks dgk Fkk] og eq> tSlsds fy, thou&iwath gh dgk tk ldrk gSA

;gh ugha] esjh ,d vU; izdkf'kr iqLrd ^lIrflaËkq uked&ok.kh* dk yksdkiZ.k 28vizSy] 1995 dks fnYyh foËkkulHkk Hkou ds xks"Bh&d{k esa gqvk Fkk] ftldh vË;{krkvkpk;Z fot;sUÊ Lukrdth us gh dh FkhA vkpk;Z Jh us rc Hkh Hkjh lHkk esa esjh ihB FkiFkikrsgq,] esjs Hkkoh ys[kdh; thou] fo'ks"kr% lar&lkfgR; ds vË;;u ds {ks= esa] vkSj vfËkdfu"Bk&O;kidrk ,oa xgjkbZ ds lkFk] thoui;±r djrs jgus dh izsj.kk nh FkhA eSaus mudsvk'kh"k dks ‚n;axe fd;k gSA

,sls xq#oj] ftUgksaus vkikr~dky ds nkSjku Hkh vusd izoknksa ds chp Qals eq> tSlsvË;kid dk laj{k.k fd;k Fkk] vc Hkh gekjh ^thoV* dks fujarj lacy iznku djrk jgrkgSA eSa tks dqN Hkh dj ik jgk gwa] mUgha dh izsj.kk ds Qyd ij mxk gqvk vadqj gwaA

qqq

fnYyh fo'ofo|ky; ds dkWyst esa fganh izoDrk jgs ys[kd lar dkO; ds xgjs tkudkj gSaA laizfr ;s fnYyh esa jgdjLora= ys[ku dj jgs gSaA


laLœr&vË;;u ds ekxZ ls vkdj fganh&lkfgR; dsiBu&ikBu vkSj vË;kiu esa ftu fo}kuksa us Lo;a dks

LFkkfir vkSj izfrf"Br fd;k gS] muesa izks- fot;sUÊ Lukrddk uke vxzx.; gSA 'kkL=h; ijaijk dh le`º i`"BHkwfe gksusds dkj.k mudk Kku Bksl Fkk] fdarq og dsoy 'kkL=h;rkrd gh lhfer ugha FksA muds ?kj eSaus vusd v|rudgkuh&laxzg] miU;kl] fucaËk&laxzg vkSj leh{kk&xzaFk ns[ksgSa] ftudk iBu og cjkcj djrs jgrs FksA laLœr ds fo}ku~gksus ds ckotwn og vkËkqfud fganh lkfgR; ds laidZ esafujarj cus gq, FksA vusd vkËkqfud œfr;ksa dh fo}rkiw.kZHkwfedk,a mUgksaus fy[kh gSaA fganh {ks= esa izkœr] ikfy vkSjviHkza'k dks le>us okys fo}ku~ Hkh cgqr ugha gSaA o"kks± rdog fnYyh fo'ofo|ky; esa î`Fohjkt jklks* vkfn œfr;kai<+krs jgsA vkËkqfud fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fy, vis{kkœr vukd"kZddkO;ksa dks og cgqr jlhyh vkSj jkspd 'kSyh esa izLrqr djrsFksA fdlh Hkh in ;k 'kCn dks NksM+ ;k yka?kdj vkxs ughac<+rs Fks] tks muds vxkËk vkRefo'okl dk izrhd gSALoHkkor% fouksnh gksus ds dkj.k d{kk esa Hkh galh dhQqy>fM+;ka NksM+rs jgrs FksA ;nkdnk volj dh ekax ijdq'ky O;aX; Hkh dj ysrs FksA vË;kid ds :i esa os fo|kfFkZ;ksaesa cgqr yksdfiz; FksA yxHkx 33 o"kks± rd og fnYyhfo'ofo|ky; es a jgsA fnYyh vkus ls iwoZ Hkh ogvË;kiu&dk;Z esa jr FksA fo'ofo|ky; ls lsok&fuo`Ÿk gksusds i'pkr~ Hkh og lfÿ; jgsA vusd xksf"B;ksa&lHkkvksa dhvË;{krk@oDr`rk ds }kjk og lkfgR;&leh{kk ls tqM+s jgsAea=ky;ksa] laLFkkvksa] funs'kky;ksa] iqjLdkj&p;u lfefr;ksa dksvius ijke'kks± }kjk og miœr djrs jgsA eËkqesg&ihfM+rgksuk ;k c<+rh o; mudh QqrhZ esa dgha ckËkk mRiUu ughadj ldhA

euu

lkfgR;fpUru ds

eeZKμMkW- vkse~izdk'k 'kekZ

îzdk'k*

Lokra´;ksn; ds lkFk ,e-,-fganh f'k{k.k izkjaHk gqvkA ml'k q#vkrh nk Sj e s aikB~;ÿe&fuekZ.k ds nq"djdk;Z e s a Mk W - Lukrd usle>&cw> Hkjh Hk wfedkfuHkkbZA laLœr ds vusdegŸoiw.kZ xzaFkksa ds fganh Hkk";rS;kj djokdj mUgk s au slkfgR;&faparu dks miœrfd;kA bl ‹k a `[kyk e s a^vfHkuo Hkkjrh*] oÿksfDrthfore*] ^HkfDr jlke`rflaËkq* vkfn dkyt;h xzaFklfEefyr g S aA êgkdfoizlkn*] ^vkykspd jkepaÊ'kqDy*] ^vkËkqfud fganhlkfgR;* vk Sj ^JhoYyHkkpk;Z* mudh izflºvkykspukRed œfr;ka gSaA


,d vU; {ks=] tgka Lukrdth dh vR;fËkd #fp Fkh] fganh lkfgR; dk bfrgkl FkkAi<+krs le; og bfrgkl dh vusd Hkwyksa@U;wurkvksa dh vksj fo|kfFkZ;ksa dk Ë;ku vkdf"kZrdjrs FksA vkpk;Z jkepaÊ 'kqDy dk gokyk og tc&rc vo'; nsrs FksA dguk vuko';dgksxk fd 'kqDyth dk dk;Z cqfu;knh gS vkSj ckn ds lkfgR;&bfrgkl ,d izdkj ls mUgha dhuhao dk bLrseky djrs gSaA cs'kd mudh cgqr&lh ekU;rk,a uohu 'kksËk vkSj uohu lkexzhdh izkfIr ds izdk'k esa la'kksfËkr Hkh gqbZ gSa] rFkkfi bl ckr ls budkj ugha fd;k tk ldrk fdloZizFke xaHkhj fo'ys"k.k] lkexzh&foHkktu] dky&fuËkkZj.k] ifjfLFkfr;ksa dk lekdyu]izo`fŸk;ksa dk js[kkadu vkfn dj igyk O;ofLFkr bfrgkl 'kqDyth us gh fy[kk] ;ksa dgus dksmlls igys Hkh f'koflag lsaxj] tkWtZ vczkfge fxz;lZu vkSj feJ caËkqvksa ds bfrgklFksA loZfofnr gS fd lu~ 1813 esa rhu Hkkxksa esa izdkf'kr feJcaËkq fouksn* Hkkjh&HkjdexzaFk Fkk] ysfdu ;g ns[kuk iM+sxk fd D;k og O;ofLFkr bfrgkl Fkk ;k dsoy dfoo`Ÿk&laxzg\ vLrq] Lukrdth ubZ ekU;rkvksa dks tksM+dj ,d u, <ax lsbfrgkl&ys[ku djus dh ppkZ fd;k djrs FksA varr% lkfgR; vdkneh ds fy,mUgksaus vius thou ds vafre o"kks± esa ,d lqanj&lk bfrgkl fy[kk HkhA tks dk;Z ,d iwjh Vheds yk;d Fkk] Lukrdth us mls vdsys djds viuh {kerk dk flDdk tek fn;kA

fnYyh fo'ofo|ky; vkSj fganh lkfgR;&nksuksa ds izfr mudk ;ksxnku LrqR; gSA fnYyhfo'ofo|ky; ds fganh foHkkx dh uhao vkSj rRi'pkr~ mlds fuekZ.k esa mudk ;ksxnkuvizfre gSA bl n`f"V ls og MkW- uxsaÊ] tks ckn esa fganh foHkkx ds yxHkx i;kZ; gks x,] dsiwoZorhZ gSaA MkW- uxsaÊ ds lkFk&lkFk fnYyh fo'ofo|ky; ds fganh foHkkx dh dhfrZ dksf'k[kj rd igqapkus esa MkW- fot;sUÊ Lukrd rFkk MkW- n'kjFk vks>k dk uke Hkqyk;k ugha tkldrkA

Lokra ;ksn; ds lkFk ,e-,- fganh f'k{k.k izkjaHk gqvkA ml 'kq#vkrh nkSj esa ikB~;ÿe&fuekZ.kds nq"dj dk;Z esa MkW- Lukrd us le>&cw> Hkjh Hkwfedk fuHkkbZA laLœr ds vusd egŸoiw.kZxzaFkksa ds fganh Hkk"; rS;kj djokdj mUgksaus lkfgR;&faparu dks miœr fd;kA bl ‹ka`[kyk esa^vfHkuo Hkkjrh*] ^oÿksfDr thfore*] ^HkfDr jlke`r flaËkq* vkfn dkyt;h xzaFk lfEefyrgSaA ^egkdfo izlkn*] ^vkykspd jkepaÊ 'kqDy*] ^vkËkqfud fganh lkfgR;* vkSj ^JhoYyHkkpk;Z* mudh izflº vkykspukRed œfr;ka gSaA muds vU; cgqr ls leh{kkRed rFkkyfyr fucaËk ^fparu ds {k.k*] ^foe'kZ ds {k.k* rFkk ^vuqHkwfr ds {k.k* esa ladfyr gSaA^Le`fr'ks"k esjs ledkyhu*] ^fopkj fofoËkk*] ^lkfgR; vkSj laLœfr ds izgjh* pfjrewydlaLej.kkRed ‚n;xzkgh jpuk,a gSaA lokZfËkd lEekU; vkidk 'kksËk&xazFk ^jkËkkoYyHk laiznk;% flºkar vkSj lkfgR;* 'kksËk dk izfreku Lohdkj fd;k x;k gSA fo}rkiw.kZ ofj"B xos"k.kk dhizfÿ;k esa MkW- Lukrd us vusd ,slh vKkr iksfFk;ka fganh txr~ ds lEeq[k izLrqr dha] tks


fpjdky ls eBkËkh'kksa ds cLrksa esa can FkhaA MkW- fot;sUÊ Lukrd dh izdkf'kr ekSfyd iqLrdksadh la[;k yxHkx 30 gSA laLœfr] lekykspuk] ËkeZ] n'kZu] vË;kRe] HkfDr vkfn fo"k;ksa ijmuds tks xq#xaHkhj ys[k i=&if=dkvksa esa izdkf'kr gq, gSa] lks vyx gSaA

vkfndky gks ;k eË;dky ;k vkËkqfud dky] Lukrdth lcesa n[ky j[krs FksA ,dvksj og viHkza'k dkO;ksa dh lkfËkdkj O;k[;k&leh{kk djrs Fks rks nwljh vksj HkfDrdky dseeZ dks le>us&le>kus esa leFkZ Fks (mUgksaus dchj] lwj] rqylh vkfn ij fo'kn~ foospukizLrqr dh gS) vkSj rhljh vksj Hkkjrsanq] izlkn] fujkyk] 'kqDy vkfn ij foosdiw.kZ ys[kufd;k gSA ^tSusaÊ ds miU;klksa dk f'kYi* uked esjs y?kq 'kksËk&izcaËk dh vR;ar lqanj Hkwfedkfy[kdj mUgksaus ;g vglkl fnyk;k Fkk fd og tSusaÊ vkSj mudh jpukvksa dks fdruh xgjkbZrd igpkurs gSaA fu"d"kZ ;g fd og ledkyhu ys[ku ls cgqr nwj rd tqM+s gq, FksA

xaHkhj ys[ku ds ckotwn Lukrdth fouksnh izœfr ds Lokeh Fks vkSj d{kkvksa ;k d{kk lsckgj tc Hkh volj feyrk Fkk] og fpdksVh dkVus ls ugha pwdrs FksA vË;kiu ds nkSjku ,dckj tc galh&etkd vR;fËkd gks x;k] rks rqjar cksysμflvHkh rks gkL; jl py jgk gS]laHkfy,] ugha rks FkksM+h nsj esa d#.k jl Nk tk,xkAfi eq>s ,d ckj og lkfgR; vdkneh esafeysA esjs lkFk ds-th- esa i<+us okyk esjk iq= FkkA eSaus mls Lukrdth dks iz.kke djus ds fy,dgkA ml vcksËk dks le>kus dh xtZ ls mUgksaus iwNkμflrqEgsa Ldwy esa dkSu i<+krk gS\fickyd us laf{kIr lk mŸkj fn;kμfleSMe!fi Lukrdth rqjar cksysμfl;s tks rqEgkjs ikik gSaμeSabudh eSMe gwaAfi

Lukrdth O;fDrxr jkx&}s"k ls ijs FksA ukSdjh yxus ds flyflys esa ,d ckj esjhmuls vkos'ko'k vupkgs gh vPNh&[kklh >M+i gks xbZA [kwc rw&rw] eSa&eSa gqbZA eSa ,d izdkjls ckgj dk fo|kFkhZ FkkA eSaus iatkc fo'ofo|ky; ls vkWulZ fd;k Fkk vkSj fnYyh ls ,e-,-vkSj ,e-fyV~A vPNs vad gksus ds ckotwn ukSdjh ugha ik jgk Fkk] blfy, ijs'kku FkkAuo&o; dk vkÿks'k Hkh O;fDr dks mdlk nsrk gSA fookn ds ckn yksxksa us ;gh dgk fd vcrqe fnYyh fo'ofo|ky; ds fdlh dkWyst esa ugha yx ldrsA fo'ofo|ky; esa ,sls dqNmnkgj.kksa dh [kcjsa fxukbZ&lqukbZ tkrh Fkha] fdarq Lukrdth us ,slk ugha fd;kA mudh lgefr}kjk feyh fu;qfDr eSa vkt Hkh Hkksx jgk gwaA Lukrdth dk eu vkSj cqfº&nksuksa fueZy FksA^KkuihB iqjLdkj* vkSj ^lksfo;r ySaM usg: iqjLdkj* dh lfefr;ksa esa Hkh og fu"i{k Hkko lsdk;Z djrs jgs vkSj lquk x;k gS] dHkh&dHkh vM+ Hkh tkrs FksA nwljksa dks iqjLdkj ckaVus okysbl nkrk us vius fy, dHkh dqN ugha ekaxkA blfy, bUgsa feyus okys lEeku] iqjLdkj vkfnLor% 'kuS%&'kuS% ifjiDo gksdj vis{kkœr foyac ls buds lkeus vk,A

fganh ds izpkj&izlkj esa mudh xgjh #fp FkhA dbZ laLFkkvksa dh og vkfFkZd :i ls Hkhlsok djrs jgsA fganh Hkou (fnYyh) dks og vkthou ,d #i;k izfrfnu nku djrs jgsA


dgha ls dksbZ iqjLdkj izkIr gksrk] rks mlesa ls 1]001 #i;s ds nku dk fgLlk og igys fudkynsrs FksA

og dqN ewY;ksa vkSj vkn'kks± ds fy, ft,A ewY;ksa dks fuHkkus dh n`f"V ls ge mUgsavkpk;Z gtkjh izlkn f}osnh dh ijaijk dk okgd eku ldrs gSaA LokHkkor% og cgqrLokfHkekuh FksA mudk Ëkkjnkj O;fDrRo O;fDrxr ykHkktZu gsrq dHkh >qdk ughaA ,d ckj eSausmuls izkFkZuk dh eqÊk esa iz'u fd;kμflvkius vusd jax&:i ns[ks gSaA vkidh thou&;k=kyach jgh gSA vki viuh vkRedFkk D;ksa ugha fy[krs\fi mu fnuksa ;g ppkZ QSyh gqbZ Fkh fdMkW- uxsaÊ viuh vkRedFkk fy[k jgs gSaA blh ls izsfjr gksdj eSaus ;g lq>ko fn;kFkkA dgus yxsμflvkRedFkk fy[kwaxk rks lp dguk iM+sxkA mlesa dbZ ds Hksn [kqytk;saxsA lPpkbZ dks yksx lgu ugha djrsA O;FkZ esa eSa vius fojksfËk;ksa dh la[;k D;ksac<+k≈a\ phtksa dks <dk jgus nksAfi vc irk pyk fd mUgksaus vkRedFkk vkjaHk dhFkh_ dsoy iqjksokd fy[kk Fkk] tks ^laMs esy* esa izdkf'kr Hkh gqvk Fkk] ysfdu fQjmUgksaus bl vksj dksbZ Ë;ku ugha fn;kA

Lukrdth dh f'k";&ijaijk dkQh le`º gSA xhrdkj ckyLo:i jkgh] izcqºleh{kd&ys[kd œ".knŸk ikyhoky] ^izsepan fo'odks'k* ds iz.ksrk dey fd'kksj xks;udk]ukV~; leh{kd lqanjyky dFkwfj;k] lQy O;aX;dkj gjh'k uoy ,oa izse tuest;] ;qokvkykspd jes'k xkSre vkSj lqjs'k xkSre] xqysjh fo"k;d ;Fks"V 'kksËk djus okys rFkk cztHkk"kkdh iqjkuh lkexzh <wa<+us okys (vc LoxhZ;) euksgjyky] ch-ch-lh esa fganh dk;Zÿe nsus okysMkW- xkSre lpnso vkfn muds vusd f'k";ksa us fganh jpuk&txr~ dks le`º fd;k gSA xq#dqydkaxM+h fo'ofo|ky; ds orZeku dqyifr MkW- ËkeZiky us Hkh muds Jhpj.kksa ds lehicSBdj fo|kË;;u fd;kA iatkc fo'ofo|ky; ds iwoZ fganh foHkkxkË;{k izks- ËkeZiky eSuhmuds xq#&HkkbZ gSaA oLrqr% muds Nk= iwjs ns'k vkSj fons'k rd esa QSys iM+s gSaA Kku dh ;sjf'e;ka mlh lw;Z dk izdk'k gSaA

vafre le; rd LokË;k; vkSj ys[ku djus okys bl deZ;ksxh dks gekjk vkSj getSls vusd izkË;kid&ys[kd&Nk=ksa dk lJºk ueu!

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ys[kd fnYyh fo'ofo|ky; ds jkeyky vkuan dkWyst esa izoDrk jgsA tSusaÊth ij mudk ljkguh; dk;Z gSA lEizfr;s Lora= ys[ku vkSj ;k;kojh esa O;Lr jgrs gSaA


Hkkjrh; thou&ewY;ksa ds vkarfjd rŸo dks ‚n;axedj mUgha ds ekË;e ls lexz thou O;rhr djus

okys fot;sUÊ Lukrdth us ns'k dh jktËkkuh xkSjo'kkyhfnYyh dks viuh vËkZ'krkCnh Hkj thou dh lkfgfR;d]lkekftd] 'kS{kf.kd] jk"V™h; ,oa lkaLœfrd psruk ls le`ºdj varr% viuh bgyksd&;k=k lekIr dj 25 uoacj]1998 dks lk;adky fuxecksËk ?kkV dk vkJ; fy;kA

O;fDr dh xfjek dh vkËkkj&Hkwfe og lkaLœfrdnk;k| gksrh gS] ftl vkËkkj ij mlus viuk thou fcrk;kgSA Hkkjrh; thou esa rks ^vkpkj izHkoks ËkeZ%* (ËkeZvkpj.k&izËkku gS) dgdj ekuo&thou esa lcls egŸoiw.kZmlds vkpj.k dks Lohdkj fd;k x;k gSA bl n`f"V ls ;fnLukrdth ds O;fDrRo dks ns[kk tk, rks og fu'p; ghfnYyh dh ,d djksM+ turk esa ls ;fn igys 10 O;fDr;ksa esaugha] rks igys 100 lqlaLœr O;fDr;ksa esa vo'; gh viukLFkku cuk, gq, FksA

eFkqjk ds œ"kd ifjokj esa ls fodflr xq#dqy oankouds lkekU; vË;kid ds ?kj esa 1914 esa tUe ysdj ;ggksugkj ckyd ns'k ds 'kh"kZLFk lkaLœfrd egkiq#"kksa esa viukuke fy[kok ysxk] bldh dYiuk Hkh dksbZ ugha dj ldkFkkA xq#dqyh; thou us LrU;or~ ftl Hkkjrh; laLœfr dkiku djok;k] og izfrHkk&lEiUu Lukrdth ds thou dsfy, ve`re;h flº gqbZA ogka ls lnkpkj vkSj f'k"Vkpkj dsvfrfjDr u dsoy 'kS{kf.kd txr~ dks gh viuh izfrHkk dkifjp; fn;kμ^flºkar f'kjksef.k* esa izFke LFkku ikdj] vfirqmudh oDr`Ro&'kfDr dk Hkh vn~Hkqr fodkl gqvkA vU;kU;izfr;ksfxrkvksa esa izFke LFkku ikus ds lkFk tc yxkrkj pkjo"kks± rd vius dks mRœ"V oDrk flº dj vkËkk lsj pkanh

fparu

ekud xazFkksads l`td

μizks- ËkeZiky eSuh

eFkqjk ds œ"kd ifjokj esa lsfodflr xq#dqy oankou dslkekU; vË;kid ds ?kj esa1912 es a tUe ysdj ;ggk sugkj ckyd ns'k ds'kh"kZLFk lkaLœfrd egkiq#"kksaesa viuk uke fy[kok ysxk]bldh dYiuk Hkh dksbZ ughadj ldk FkkA xq#dqyh;thou us LrU;or~ ftlHkkjrh; laLœfr dk ikudjok;k] og izfrHkk&lEiUuLukrdth ds thou ds fy,ve`re;h flº gqbZA ogka lslnkpkj vkSj f'k"Vkpkj dsvfrfjDr u dsoy 'kS{kf.kdtxr~ dks gh viuh izfrHkk dkifjp; fn;kμ^flºkarf'kjksef.k* esa izFke LFkkuikdj] vfirq mudhoDr`Ro&'kfDr dk Hkhvn~Hkqr fodkl gqvkA


dh ^jkenhu 'khYM* lnk ds fy, izkIr dh] rks mudh Ëkkd te xbZA ogka ds fo|kFkhZ thouesa gh lqanjdkaM (ekul) dh ,slh vPNh Vhdk fy[kh] tks vuk;kl gh gkbZ Ldwy dsikB~;ÿe esa fuËkkZfjr gks xbZA fo|ky; dh gkWdh vkSj QqVcky dh Vheksa dks lq'kksfHkr djmUgksaus vius lok±xh.k O;fDrRo ds fodkl dk ,slk ifjp; fn;k ftls vkt Hkh ogka dsbfrgkl esa lcls esËkkoh ,oa lkaLœfrd Nk= ds :i esa Lohdkj fd;k tkrk gSA ;g vkSj ckrgS fd ijra= Hkkjr esa ogka dh mikfËk;ksa dks Hkkjr ljdkj ls ekU;rk izkIr ugha FkhA vr% ckgjvkdj Hkh mUgksaus ch-,-] ,e-,-] 'kkL=h vkfn mikfËk;ka izFke Js.kh esa gh mŸkh.kZ dhaA blfo|kFkhZ thou esa gh bUgsa 200 ls vfËkd iqLrdsa vkSj dbZ Lo.kZ&ind iqjLdkj esafeys] tks vkt Hkh muds iqLrdky; dh 'kksHkk cus gq, gSaA

muds O;fDrRo dh ;g vkËkkjf'kyk Fkh] ftl ij muds lexz ijorhZ thoudk fodkl gqvkA mudh xfjek bl ckr esa gS fd vkËkqfud thou dh HkkSfrdpdkpkSaËk mUgsa dHkh Hkh vius lRiFk ls fopfyr ugha dj ldhA dapu] dkfeuh]in] ;'k] HkkSfrd le`fºμdksbZ Hkh vkd"kZ.k mudks dHkh Hkh fopfyr ugha djldkA lRiFk ij pyrs gq, mUgsa vusd ckj fo"kkDr lkekftd okrkoj.k dk f'kdkj gksukiM+k] ysfdu mUgksaus HkkSfrd izxfr ,oa le`fº ds fy, dHkh Hkh LokfHkeku ugha R;kxk] pkgsblds fy, mUgsa fdruh gh gkfu D;ksa u mBkuh iM+h gksA bldk ewykËkkj Fkk fd mUgksaus viukËkS;Z] foosd vkSj lkgl dHkh ugha [kks;kA lkfgfR;d {ks= esa mUgksaus mPpre in (fnYyhfo'ofo|ky; ds vkpk;Z ,oa vË;{k)] lEeku lkfgR;&okpLifr (fganh lkfgR; lEesyu]iz;kx)] lkfgR;kpk;Z (ukxjh izpkfj.kh lHkk] dk'kh)] vË;{k] Hkkjrh; fganh ifj"kn~ vkfnvuk;kl gh izkIr fd,A laLFkkvksa us vius vkidks lEekfur fd;kμbUgsa lEekfur djAHkkjr ljdkj ds vusd ea=ky;ksa] dk;kZy;ksa] lfefr;ksa ds dHkh vË;{k] dHkh lykgdkj dknkf;Ro lQyrkiwoZd fuckgkμfcuk fdlh vfËkdkj&in dh fyIlk ;k Hkkouk dsA mUgsavusd iqjLdkj blfy, Hkh nsj ls feys] D;ksafd iqjLdkj nsus okyh lfefr ds og lnL;Fks] ijarq buds fy, mUgsa dHkh vuko';d iz;Ru ugha djuk iM+kA vkt ds ;qx esa ;g D;kde gS\

mUgksaus vusd ekSfyd œfr;ksa dk l`tu fd;kA muds 'kksËk&izcaËk ^jkËkkoYyHk laiznk;% flºkar vkSj lkfgR;* dks lHkh fo}kuksa us ,d Loj esa 'kksËk dk ekud&xazFk Lohdkj fd;k gSAegkdfo izlkn] dkek;uh n'kZu] egkRek lwjnkl] pSrU; egkizHkq vkfn œfr;ka mudhoSfoË;iw.kZμeË;;qxhu vkSj vkËkqfudμnksuksa gh ;qxksa esa mudh ;ksX;rk dh ifjpkf;dk gSa] rks^fparu ds {k.k*] ^fopkj ds {k.k*] ^foe'kZ ds {k.k* vkSj ^vuqHkwfr ds {k.k*μ;s œfr;ka tgka,d vksj muds leFkZ lSºkafrd fparu vkSj l'kDr vkykspukËkfeZrk dk ifjp; nsrh gSa] ogka


muds oS;fDrd Hkko&izo.k fucaËkksa dk Hkh cksËk djkrh gSaA buds vfrfjDr mudh 10&12laikfnr œfr;ka Hkh de egRo dh ugha gSa vkSj 500&600 fucaËk vU;kU; i=&if=dkvksa dh'kksHkk c<+krs jgs gSaA ;g muds lrr~ vkB&nl ?kaVs nSfud i<+us&fy[kus ds O;lu dk ghlqifj.kke gSA bldh fo'ks"krk ;g gS fd og vius Lrj vkSj lkaLœfrd vk;ke ls dHkhuhps ugha mrjsA dbZ lkS xzaFkksa dh lqfpafrr Hkwfedk,a Hkh fy[kh gSaA de&ls&de rhuntZu fo|ky;ksa dh ikB~;&iqLrdksa ds eq[; laiknd vFkok laiknu&lfefr ds vË;{kHkh jgsA

bl egkekuo us ftu ewY;ksa ls thou fcrk;k] mudk dqN ifjp; eq>s fy[ks gq, i= dsbl va'k ls fey ldrk gSμflthou&;k=k dk ;g pkSFkk pj.k bruk nk#.k gksxk] ;g dHkhlkspk ugha FkkA vius thou esa vU;k; vkSj vuhfr dks eSaus dHkh izJ; ugha fn;kA LokFkZ dso'khHkwr gksdj dksbZ NksVk dke ugha fd;kA fdlh fe= ;k 'kqHkfpard ls dksbZ xyr dke ughadjok;kA dye dks Hkh xyr jkLrs ls cpk, j[kkA lkjh uSfrdrk dks eqV~Bh esa can djdsU;k;&iFk ij gh pyk gwaA ;gh esjh 'kfDr&lkeF;Z gSA blh dks viuh Ëkjksgj ekudj lgstkgSA jksx&'kksd rks ej.kËkekZ euq"; ds lkFk yxs jgrs gSaA eSa Hkh buls ihfM+r gwaA---vkthou ,diSlk fdlh ls mËkkj ugha fy;k] Ω.k dh rks ckr gh ugha mBrhA ,d dkuh dkSM+h fdlh xyrrjhds ls ugha dekbZA Hkz"Vkpkj dh ikB'kkyk esa izfo"V ugha gqvkAfi

blls bl O;fDr ds vareZu dk dqN cksËk vo'; gksrk gSA og eulk] okpk] deZ.kk,d gh O;fDrRo dks ysdj thou fcrk jgs FksA laHkor% blhfy, mudk lfgR;dkj vej gSAmlds ekË;e ls mUgksaus 'kk'or ewY;ksa dks gh vfHkO;fDr iznku dh gSA og ;qx&;qx rd vkusokyh ihf<++;ksa dks izHkkfor Hkh djsxk vkSj mudk ekxZn'kZu Hkh] ysfdu mudk vË;kid mudslkfgR;dkj ls Hkh egku~ gSA mUgksaus ^f'k";kr~ iq=kr~ ijkt;e~* dks viuk y{; cukdj ftll‚n;rk] eerk] vkReh;rk ls f'k";ksa dks f'k{kk gh ugha] oS;fDrd vkpj.k ds ekË;e lsvkpkj Hkh fn;k] ftlls mudk ekuo lgt gh mnkŸk gksrk x;kμbl izdkj mUgksaus viusvkpk;ZRo dks lkFkZd fd;k] ysfdu vc eq>s yxrk gS fd mudk ekuo bu nksuksa ls egku~ gSAmUgksaus vius lgt lkaLœfrd vkpj.k ls ftldk Hkh Li'kZ fd;k] ogh ifo= gksrk x;k vkSjftlus muds fnO; dks igpkuk] og Hkh mudh gh rjg HkO; gksrk x;kA O;fDr ds fnO; lsmldk ifjp; djokus ls dksbZ cM+k dke gks ldrk gS D;k\

qqq

ys[kd paMhx<+ esa fo'ofo|ky; ds fganh foHkkxkË;{k jgsA lar lkfgR; ds eeZK vkykspd gSaA lEizfr paMhx<+ esafuokl o Lora= ys[kuA


Jºs; ckcwth ds fy, tc eSa fy[kus cSBh] rks fdrus fnurd dqN ugha fy[k ldhA eq>s yxrk fd 'kk;n esjs

ckcwth vHkh vk tk,axs] ij ,slk ugha gqvk vkSj tc Hkhfy[kus yxrh] vkalw #dus dk uke gh ugha ysrs] vka[ksa ËkqaËkyktkrha] dkxt xhyk gks tkrk vkSj eSa ys[kuh dksmBkdj j[k nsrhμvkalw ls Hkjs dkxtksa dks QsadnsrhA eq>s yxrk fd fy[kus dh fo|k rks bZ'ojiznŸkgS] eSa dSls dqN fy[k ldrh gwaA ljLorh dh œikjgsxh] rHkh rks eSa dqN fy[k ldwaxhA

vknj.kh; ckcwth esjs firk gh ugha Fks] esjs xq#] lgk;dvkSj esjs varjax fe= Hkh FksA eSaus tks dqN ik;k] muds vk'khokZnls gh ik;kA eSa cpiu ls gh muds xq.kksa dks ij[krh vkSjmuds flºkarksa ,oa thou&ewY;ksa dks vius esa Hkjus dk iz;RudjrhA eSa vkt tks dqN gwa] mUgha dh cukbZ gqbZ gwaA muls eq>stks laLdkj feys] og vkn'kZ ;qx ds laLdkj FksA vkt ds ;qxesa eq>s muds dkj.k cgqr dqN lguk Hkh iM+rk gSA

eSa cpiu ls gh I;kjs ckcwth ds lkFk jgh] tcfd esjsHkkbZ&cgu gkWLVyksa esa i<+us x,] eSa fnYyh esa gh i<+h] dghackgj ugha xbZA thth cM+kSnk ds xq#dqy esa i<+rh Fkha] NksVhcgu foHkk nknh ds ikl xq#dqy o`ankou esa] eSa vdsyhckcwth&vEek ds lkFk fnYyh esa jgrh FkhA esjh vk;q <kbZ ;krhu lky dh jgh gksxh ml le;A nksuksa dk lkjk Ë;ku eq>ij gh dsafÊr FkkA eq>s ;kn vkrk gS nfj;kxat dk ?kj] xjehdh Ωrq esa ,d NksVh&lh pkjikbZ] ftls ge ^[kVksyk* dgkdjrs Fksμjkr ds le; esjk [kVksyk ckcwth vkSj vEek dhpkjikbZ ds chp fcNrk FkkA vEek eq>s nwËk dk fxyklnsrhμeSa eykbZ vkus ij nwËk dks Qsad nsrh rks ckcwth ,ddfork xkrsμ^fd, nwËk ds dqYys eSaus pwl vaxwBk lqËkk fi;k]fdydkjh dYyksy epkdj lwuk ?kj vkckn fd;kA* eSa

eeZLi'khZ Lej.k

,d Js"Bvè;kidckcwth !

μMkW- Lusg lqËkk uoy

ckcwth vius firkth ls cgqrI;kj djrs vkSj mudk iwjkË;ku j[krs FksA ,dkn'kh dsfnu ckck ozr j[krs FksA ogvius gkFkksa ls Qy dkVdjckck dks nsrs FksA dksbZ iqLrdmUgsa vPNh yxrh rks ckck dksi<+dj lqukrsA eSaus ch-,- esamUgsa duqfiz;k* ckaprs gq, lqukFkk] rHkh eSaus Hkh ^duqfiz;k*i<+ yh FkhA vkt Hkh mldk;nkdnk ikB djrh gw aAckcwth ds dkj.k eq>s dforkikB esa #fp txh vkSj mudsiqLrdky; ls eSaus ^Lianu*]^rkj lIrd*] ^dq#{ks=*vkfn ysdj i<+s ftudk okpueSa fujarj djrh FkhA


xfoZr gksrh fd mUgksaus esjs uke ls dfork fy[kh gS] cM+h gksdj irk pyk fd ;g dfork fdlhvkSj dh gSA rc Hkh dfork dh mu nks ykbuksa esa fdruk I;kj fNik Fkk] vkt ;kn vkrk gSA

nfj;kxat dk ,d vkSj izlax gS] ftls eSa Hkwy ugha ldrhA eSa iM+kslh ds csVs vCch dslkFk [ksy jgh FkhA mldh eka dks ge foeyk pkph dgrs FksA mUgksaus eq>s dgk] fllqËkk] rqevius ?kj tkvks] rqEgkjs firkth fdlh yM+ds ds lkFk vk, gSaAfi eSa vius ?kj xbZ] rks ns[kk fd,d yM+dk uhyh usdj vkSj lQsn deht igus [kM+k gSA ckcwth us mls crk;k fd ;g lqËkkgSA ml yM+ds us QkSju cSBdj eq>s idM+ fy;k vkSj xqtjkrh esa dqN cksykA eSaus iwNkμ;gD;k cksyrk gS\ ckcwth us dgkμfl;g rqEgkjh cM+h cgu gSA cksyrk ugha] cksyrh gSA bls ththdgk djksAfi rcls vkt rd eSa mUgsa thth cqykrh gwaA

cpiu esa ckcwth eq>s vaxzsth vkSj fganh dh cgqr lkjh dfork,a ;kn djkrsA mUgksauseq>s iakp lky dh mez esa ^>kalh dh jkuh* dfork iwjs vfHku; ls ;kn djk nh FkhA esjsekekth dh 'kknh Hkh rHkh gqbZA eSaus og dfork xk&xkdj lqukbZ vkSj vfHku; djds fn[kk;kAcpiu ls gh mUgksaus eq>s ;kn djus dh vknr Mkyh tks eq>s ijh{kk esa lnSo lgk;d jghA

ckcwth ,d Js"B vË;kid FksA mUgksaus eq>esa i<+us dh vknr dks fodflr fd;kAcpiu esa mUgksaus eq>s lfp= jkek;.k] egkHkkjr] Kku ljksoj vkfn iqLrdsa i<+us ds fy, nha_^cky Hkkjrh*] ^pankekek* vkfn if=dk,a esjs fy, miyCËk djkb±A izR;sd 'kfuokj dks eSaif=dkvksa esa dfork ;kn djds ckcwth ls lh[kdj Ldwy ds eap ij vfHku; djrhA

nloha&X;kjgoha rd vkrs&vkrs eSaus ckcwth ds iqLrdky; ls izsepan] 'kjrpaÊ]cafdepaÊ] johaÊukFk Bkdqj vkfn dh vfËkdka'k iqLrdsa i<+ yh FkhaA dksbZ Hkh ubZ iqLrd eq>si<+us ds fy, nh tkrh] eSa mls cM+h izlUurk vkSj rUe;rk ls i<+rhA lksprh fd ckcwth dghachp esa ls dqN iwN ysaxs rks mŸkj nsuk iM+sxkA rHkh ls eq>s fdlh Hkh iqLrd dks vPNh rjgi<+us dh vknr iM+ xbZA xjeh dh NqfV~V;ksa esa ukukth ds ?kj tkrs rks ogka dh fdrkcksa dhvyekfj;ksa esa ls vius eryc dh iqLrd fudky ysrsA ;|fi ukukth odhy Fks] ijarq mudsikl lkfgR; dk vikj HkaMkj Fkk ftlesa ls eSaus o`ankouyky oekZ dh >kalh dh jkuh* miU;kllkroha d{kk esa gh i<+ fy;k Fkk vkSj dbZ ukVd Hkh i<+s FksA ukukth gesa ns[kdj cgr [kq'k gksrsvkSj dgrs] ^fot;sUÊth dh csVh gSA ;s ugha i<+sxh rks dkSu i<+sxk\*

e`R;q ls yxHkx ,d&Ms<+ eghus igys eSaus ckcwth ls dgkμflckcwth] vki eq>s viuhih&,p-Mh- okyh iqLrd ^jkËkkoYyHk laiznk;* dh ,d izfr ns nhft,A esjs ikl ugha gSAfiog cksys] fltkvks <wa<+ks fdrkcksa esaAfi eSaus dgkμ^ugha] vki gh nsaxs rks ywaxhA* og cksys ^,slhcsdkj dh ckrsa er fd;k djksA* ijarq esjs ≈ij rks dksbZ ftn gh lokj FkhA eSaus fQj dgk]^jgus nhft, fQjA* ;g dgdj eSa vius ?kj vk xbZA pwafd ckcwth dh rch;r Bhd ughajgrh Fkh rks eSa jkst ckcwth ds ?kj mUgsa ns[kus tkrh Fkhμvxys fnu tc eSa xbZ rks ckcwth us ogfdrkc ykdj esjs gkFk esa j[k nhA


tc ckcwth dh olh;r i<+h xbZ] rks eSaus ik;k fd ,d iqLrd rks D;k] iwjk iqLrdky;mUgksaus esjs uke dj fn;k FkkA eSa vfr'k; Hkkoqd gks mBh FkhA bruk xq#rj Hkkj rFkk lEeku esjsfgLls esa vk;kA lpeqp] eSa ,slk firk ik fdruh lkSHkkX;'kkfyuh FkhA vc ml iqLrdky;dks 'kksËk&izdks"B cukdj fnYyh ds Jhjke ifCyd Ldwy esa LFkkfir dj fn;k x;k gSA

ckcwth cgqr ls u, 'kCn x<+rs FksA eq>s muds lkFk dgha tkuk gksrk vkSj NksVs HkkbZ&cguihNs yxrs rks og dgrs] fllVd lhrk jkeAfi eSa le> tkrh vkSj ogka ls pqipki fufnZ"V LFkyij pyh tkrhA tc ge ukuk ds ?kj tkrs] rks [kq'kh ds ekjs [kkuk [kkuk Hkwy tkrsA ckcwthvEek ls dgrs] fl[kkuk cgqr cuk ysukμbu cPpksa us vHkh rks ^mRlkgoËkZd xksyh* [kk j[khgSA jsyxkM+h esa cSBrs gh nqxus mRlkg ls [kkuk [kk,axsAfi gekjs ?kj ,d O;fDr ,slsvkrs Fks tks gj le; tyrs&dq<+rs jgrs FksA mudk uke ^ts-ds-* j[k fn;k x;k FkkA

ckcwth dh iq=h gksus dk eq>s xoZ gSA mudh iq=h gksus ds dkj.k eSa vusd cM+slkfgR;dkjksa] jktuhfrKksa] lekt'kkfL=;ksa ls feyhA tc 1961 esa ckcwth us viukedku cuk;k rks ns'k ds igys jk"V™dfo Jh eSfFkyh'kj.k xqIr vkSj muds vuqt Jhfl;kjke'kj.k xqIr }kjk ?kj dk mn~?kkVu djok;k] gou esa iwjs le; nksuksa HkkbZ cSBsA ;g esjsfy, cgqr xoZ dh ckr FkhA ckcwth dh iq=h gksus ds dkj.k eSa Hkh muds Lusg dk Hkktu cuhAbuds vykok Jh fd'kksjh nkl cktis;h] vkpk;Z gtkjh izlkn f}osnh] Jherh egknsoh oekZ]Jh lqfe=kuanu iar] Jh fo".kq izHkkdj] lsB xksfoannkl] Jh jkeËkkjh flag fnudj] Jh tSusaÊ]Jh vKs;] Jh Hkouh izlkn feJ] MkW- ËkeZohj Hkkjrh] MkW- j?kqoa'k] Jh ve`rjk; vkfn vusdlkfgR;dkjksa us gekjs ?kj esa le;≤ ij inkiZ.k fd;kA

ckcwth eq>s jk"V™ifr Hkou] laln Hkou] jsfM;ks LVs'ku lHkh txg ys tkrs FksA ogka ijcM+s&cM+s yksxksa dks eSa ckrsa djrs ns[krh vkSj muds Hkk"k.k lqurhA tc eSa ukS lky dh Fkh] rksmuds lkFk jsfM;ks LVs'ku xbZ] ogka eq>s ,d dejs esa cSBkdj og fjdkWfM±x :e esa pys x,A'kke ds lkr cts Fks] lnhZ dk ekSle Fkk vaËksjk gks x;k FkkA eSa vdsyh cSBh&cSBh Mj xbZ vkSjeq>s Toj gks x;k FkkA tc ckcwth vk, vkSj mUgksaus esjk gkFk Nqvk rks le> x, fd bls cq[kkjgks x;k gSA mUgksaus eq>s cgqr I;kj fd;kμvkrs gh vEek ls dgk] flbls xje&xje nwËk nks] lnhZyx xbZ gSAfi og csgn ijs'kku yx jgs Fks vkSj eq>s nqykj jgs FksA lp esa ckcwth esa ,deerke;h eka Hkh FkhA

cpiu esa eSa vaxwBk pwlrh FkhA ,d Ldwy esa ckcwth us eq>s nkf[kyk djk;kA cPpksa useq>s igys fnu cgqr fp<+k;kA eSaus ?kj vkdj dgk fd eSa Ldwy ugha tk≈axhA og le> x, Fksfd eSa Ldwy tkus ls D;ksa euk dj jgh gwaA mUgksaus dgk] fl;fn rqe vaxwBk ugha pwlksxh rks eSa rqEgsalsaV ›kafll Ldwy esa Hkjrh djok nwaxkAfi eSaus muls ok;nk fd;k vkSj nwljs fnu gh ckcwth usesjk Ldwy cnyok fn;kA og cky euksfoKku ds ikj[kh FksA mUgksaus fiNys Ldwy esa nh xbZQhl ds ckjs esa Hkh dqN ugha lkspkA


og vk;Z&lekth fopkjËkkjk ds Fks] ijarq esjh eka lukruh fopkjËkkjk dh FkhaA ogfuR;izfr ugk&Ëkksdj jkepfjrekul dk ikB djrh FkhaA mUgsa ns[kdj eSa Hkh ikB djus yxhAckcwth us eq>s ikB djus ls dHkh ugha jksdkA og esjs xq# Hkh FksA og dgrs Fks fd rfey esa xq#ls f'k{kk izkIr djuk f'koRo izkIr djuk dgk tkrk gSA eq>s ckcwth ls f'koRo izkIr gqvkAckcwth ds fopkjksa us esjs Hkhrj bZ'oj dks fj'or nsus dh ckr ugha fl[kkbZA

fj'or dh ckr ls ,d ckr ;kn vkrh gSA gekjk edku u;k&u;k cuk FkkA vkaxu dhrjQ f[kM+fd;ksa ij 'ksM cus Fks] tks uD'ks esa ugha FksA uxj fuxe ds vfËkdkjh fj'or dh ekaxdjus yxsA ckcwth us QkSju dgk] fleSa iSuyVh nwaxk] vkidks fj'or ughaAfi

ckcwth vius firkth ls cgqr I;kj djrs vkSj mudk iwjk Ë;ku j[krs FksA ,dkn'kh dsfnu ckck ozr j[krs FksA og vius gkFkksa ls Qy dkVdj ckck dks nsrs FksA dksbZ iqLrd mUgsavPNh yxrh rks ckck dks i<+dj lqukrsA eSaus ch-,- esa mUgsa duqfiz;k* ckaprs gq, lquk Fkk] rHkheSaus Hkh ^duqfiz;k* i<+ yh FkhA vkt Hkh mldk ;nkdnk ikB djrh gwaA ckcwth ds dkj.k eq>sdfork ikB esa #fp txh vkSj muds iqLrdky; ls eSaus ^Lianu*] ^rkj lIrd*] ^dq#{ks=*vkfn ysdj i<+s ftudk okpu eSa fujarj djrh FkhA

eSaus mUgsa lnSo ifjJe djrs ns[kkμos vius iqLrdky; esa tehu ij cSBdj viusMsLd ij dqN fy[krs jgrs ;k dksbZ&u&dksbZ iqLrd muds gkFk esa gksrhA xjeh ds fnuksa esadkWyst ;k ;wfuoflZVh dh dkfi;ka vkrhaA og lqcg ls jkr rd mudks tkaprs jgrs FksA lqcgikap cts gh vius dejs esa cSB tkrs] fdrus yxu'khy FksA eSaus mudks nksigj esa lksrs ughans[kk] lkjs fnu dke djrs gh ns[kkA xjeh dh rirh nksigj esa Mkd?kj tkrs vkSj Mkd dklkeku ykdj i=ksŸkj nsuk vkjaHk dj nsrsA vius dk;Z ds cgqr iDds Fks ckcwthA tks Hkh dk;ZgkFk esa ysrs] mls iwjk fd, fcuk pSu ls ugha cSBrs FksA

tgka vEek gesa vPNk&vPNk [kkuk f[kykrha] ogha ckcwth nksigj Bhd rhu cts Lo;aQy dkVdj ge lHkh dks f[kykrsA

ckcwth esjk cgqr Ë;ku j[krs FksA tc eSa ,e-,- dh ijh{kk ns jgh Fkh] jkst 'kke dksekSleh dk twl fudkydj nsrsA 'kq:&'kq: esa eq>s cM+k vthc yxkA eSaus dgkμfleSa Lo;a jlfudkydj ih ywaxhAfi og dgrs Fksμ^i<+us dk le; gSA rqe viuk le; blesa csdkj erdjksA* fganh lkfgR; dk bfrgkl eq>s mUgksaus Lo;a i<+k;kA vkfndky vkSj HkfDrdky vkt Hkheq>s mlh rjg Ë;ku gSaA ,e-,- esa esjh izFke Js.kh vkSj fo'ofo|ky; esa nwljk LFkku vk;kAckcwth cgqr [kq'k gq,A mUgksaus tks esgur eq> ij dh Fkh] og lQy gks xbZ FkhA

eSa nkSyrjke dkWyst esa izkË;kfidk fu;qDr gqbZA ckcwth cgqr izlUu gq,A eq>s cktkj ysx, vkSj <sjksa lkfM+;ka fnyokb±A dkWyst tkus ds izFke fnu ckcwth us eq>s le>k;k] flrqe gjd{kk esa i<+dj i<+kuk] pkgs rqEgsa yxs fd lHkh dqN vkrk gSAfi mudh nh gqbZ f'k{kk vkt Hkhesjk ekxZ iz'kLr dj jgh gSA

vafre fnuksa esa og cgqr nq%[kh Fks] cgqr dke djuk pkgrs FksA MkW- izHkkr dqekj us e`R;qls nks fnu igys iwNk Fkk] flckcwth] dSlk yx jgk gSS\fi rks cksys] fleSa thuk pkgrk gwaAfi rhl


vDrwcj fuU;kuos dks ckcwth cgqr ijs'kku FksA tSls gh eSa jk.kkizrki ckx igqaph] og cjkens esadqjlh ij fpafrr cSBs Fks] muds eu esa dksbZ tcjnLr ruko FkkA eq>s mudh gkyr ns[kdjcgqr jksuk vk;kA mUgsa cSad dk dqN dke Fkk tks gks ugha ik jgk FkkA eSa vkSj 'kf'kdkar mUgsafjD'kk ij cSBkdj iatkc us'kuy cSad (jk.kkizrki ckx) ys x,A tc mudk dke gks x;k] rcog 'kkar gq,A mUgsa ns[k ,slk yxk] tSls mUgksaus vius ≈ij ls cgqr cM+k cks> gVk;k gksA mudhvkRek 'kkar yx jgh FkhA ;g ckn esa irk pyk fd og nksuksa iq=ksa ds lkFk ,d&lk U;k; djlds FksA

nks uoEcj dks eq>s fdlh 'kknh esa t;iqj tkuk FkkA blfy, eSa pyh xbZμikap dksokil Hkh vk xbZ FkhA blh chp esjh NksVh cgu foHkk ds ?kj vtesj esa ckcwth dkQksu x;kA mUgksaus foHkk ls dgkμfllqËkk rqEgkjs ikl vk,xhA mlls dguk fd eq>stkuk gS] tYnh vk tk,Afi foHkk us iwN fy;k] fldgka tkuk gS\fi og cksysμfldgkatkuk gksrk gS bl mez esa!fi ;g lqudj foHkk mnkl gks xbZ vkSj og Hkh 6&7 uoacj dksfnYyh vk xbZA ogh ckcwth] tks cgqr iDds ‚n; ds Fks] dHkh jksrs ugha Fks] foHkk dksns[kdj QwV&QwVdj jks iM+sA thth chekj Fkha] py&fQj ugha ldrh Fkha] ckcwthHkh chekj Fks] ijarq og e`R;q ls dqN fnuksa iwoZ thth ls Hkh pkSFkh eafty rd p<+dj feyvk,A ckcwth dk vafre le; FkkA og lHkh csfV;ksa ls fey fy;s] ftuds fy, og dgkdjrs Fksμ^csfV;ka BaMh gok,a gSaA* bl dfork dks ckj&ckj eq>ls i<+us dk vkxzg djrsftldh ;g ,d iafDr gSA eSa Hkh mls i<+rs le; Hkkoqd gks tkrh FkhA lq"kek HkkHkh eq>s crkrhFkha] flnhnh] ckcwth bl dfork dks ckj&ckj i<+rs gq, vkidks ;kn dj jgs FksA vc ckj&ckjvkils i<+ok jgs gSaAfi

vafre fnuksa esa esjh csVh vkLFkk ckcwth ds ikl FkhA ckcwth mlls vius i= fy[kokrsFksμmu fnuksa vkLFkk us ckcwth dks cgqr djhc ls ns[kk] og mudh chekjh ns[k cgqr mnkljgrh vkSj jkst gh ukukth ds ckjs esa eq>s dqN&u&dqN crkrhA esjh cM+h csVh vfUork dqNcksyrh ugha Fkh] ij mnkl jgrhA nksuksa us ukukth ls cgqr dqN lh[kk vkSj <sj lk I;kj ik;k--

---ckcwth dks viuk 'kjhj R;kxs lksyg o"kZ gks x;sA le; fdruk dBksj gS] #drk ugha]nkSM+rk gSμdgka pys tkrs gSa nqfu;k ls tkus okys] ykSVdj ugha vkrsA ckcwth dk cM+k fp=LVMh :e esa yxk gS] ml ij lqanj Lo.kZ jax dh rFkk panu dh ekyk,a p<+h gqbZ gSaA thoui;±r;g egku~ vkRek [kjs Lo.kZ dh rjg pedrh jgh vkSj panu dh rjg viuh lqxaËk loZ=fc[ksjrh jghA

le; chr jgk gS] chrrk tk,xk] ckcwth ugha jgs] gksrs rks lkS o"kZ ds gksrs] ijUrq mudh;g thounkf;uh lqxaËk eq>s muls lnk tksM+s j[ksxh] tSlk cpiu ls vc rd tksM+ ldh gSA

qqq

ysf[kdk ,d tkuh&ekuh dof;=h vkSj isaVj gSaA nkSyrjke dkWyst fnYyh esa ;s fganh foHkkxkË;{k o dk;Zdkjh izkpk;kZjghaA lEizfr fnYyh esa jgdj Lora= ys[kuA


NksVh&lh dk;k esa ,d cgqr cM+s ekuo esjs xq# MkW- Lukrd dk fn;k cgqr&dqN esjs ikl gS] ftls eSaus cgqr

latksdj vius vanj lqjf{kr j[kk gSA tc dHkh eSa Lo;a dksvlqjf{kr ;k gkykr ls f?kjk ikrk gwa] vius xq# }kjk fn, x;smUgha rŸoksa dks vanj ls fudkyrk gwa vkSj Rofjr ≈tkZ ikrkgwaA ËkS;Z] vare±Fku] lrr~ Je] ,dkafrd lkËkuk vkSj euq";rkds fy, ok.kh dks ckaËkuk] ÿksËk dks ykM+ esa cny nsuk] 'kksËkdks fujarjrk esa cny nsuk] vdeZ.;rk dks ,d ehBh QVdkjls ifg, iznku dj nsuk vkSj ftl le; tks gksuk pkfg,]mldk vonku dj nsuk mu rŸoksa ds dqN pw.kk±'k gSaA eSa blrŸo&pw.kZ dh gydh&lh Qadh ekjdj rRdky thou ikrkjgk gwaA eSa vius xq# dks iz.kke djrk gwa vkSj dkeuk djrk gwafd og esjh vYicqfºtU; 'kjkjrksa dks {kek djsaxsA

vius ?kj esa ,d HkO; iqLrdky; esa ,d MsLd ijfy[krs gq, og ,d egkekuo fn[krs FksA vkxarqdksa ls dHkhizrh{kk ugha djokbZ] u gh dke jksdkA fy[krs&fy[krs ogviuh lw{en'khZ vka[ksa mBkdj vkxarqd dks ns[krs Fks] mudhvka[ksa ikjn'khZ ns[k ikrh FkhaA vkus dk vk'k; fcuk crk, ogle> tkrs FksA ftldks Kku pkfg,] mls Kku_ ftls ukSdjhpkfg,] mls ojnku nsrs FksA eSa vcksËk tc Hkh muds ikl x;k]cgqr dqN ik;kA eSa ;g dHkh ugha tku ik;k fd og eq>sfdruk I;kj djrs FksA eSa foHkkx dh xfrfofËk;ksa ds ≈ijhfun'kZu vË;{kh; O;fDrRo esa HkVdk gqvk Fkk vkSj og esjsvarj] ck· ds fodkl ds fy, lrr~ ,d Lusfgy fpark j[krsFksA eSa mudh ehBh QVdkj] ftlesa esjs O;fDrRo dk mRlmHkj dj vkrk Fkk] [kkus ds fy, vc rjl jgk gwaA

qqq

ys[kd fganh ds izksQslj jgs gSaA ;s vUrjjk"V™h; [;kfr izkIr dfo gSaA

ifjp;

Rofjr ÅtkZds okgd

μizks- v'kksd pÿËkj

tc dHkh e S a Lo;a dk svlqjf{kr ;k gkykr ls f?kjkikrk gwa] vius xq# }kjk fn,x;s mUgha rŸoksa dks vanj lsfudkyrk gwa vkSj Rofjr ≈tkZikrk gwaA ËkS;Z] vare±Fku] lrr~Je] ,dkafrd lkËkuk vkSjeuq";rk ds fy, ok.kh dksckaËkuk] ÿksËk dks ykM+ esa cnynsuk] 'kksËk dks fujarjrk esacny nsuk] vdeZ.;rk dks,d ehBh QVdkj ls ifg,iznku dj nsuk vkSj ftl le;tk s gk suk pkfg,] mldkvonku dj nsuk mu rŸoksa dsdqN pw.kk ±'k g S aA eS a blrŸo&pw.kZ dh gydh&lhQadh ekjdj rRdky thouikrk jgk gwaA eSa vius xq# dksiz.kke djrk gwa vkSj dkeukdjrk g w a fd og esjhvYicqfºtU; 'kjkjrksa dks{kek djsaxsA


fganh ds vË;;u&euu] vË;kiu ,oa lkfgR;&lkËkuk}kjk vkRe&foLrkj dh fojkV ifjfËk dks cquus okys

MkW- fot;sUÊ Lukrd us viuh iwjh ftanxh lkfgfR;deuksyXurk rFkk deZ'khyrk ls th_ vius ihNs NksM+ x, vkLFkko fo'okl ls Hkjh ,slh f'k";&ih<+h] tks iqjkus&u,]oknksa vkSj fopkjksa ds fleVs&ladh.kZ nk;js ls gVdjHkk"kk] lkfgR; ,oa laLœfr dks mldh fujarjrk esale>us&le>kus dh dksf'k'k djrh jgsxhA fot;sUÊLukrd us u dsoy thou ds vafre {k.kksa rd ,slkfd;k] cfYd lkB ds n'kd esa] tc lkfgR; dh nqfu;k esaijaijkxr ewY;ksa vkSj fo'oklksa dks iwjh vkÿkedrk ls udkjktk jgk Fkk] fo'ofo|ky;ksa esa vius lkfgfR;d usr`Ro }kjkmUgksaus vkLFkk vkSj fo'okl dh nhif'k[kk cq>us ugha nh] mlsmUgksaus vius thou ds vafre le; rd tyk, j[kkA

MkW- fot;sUÊ Lukrd] lkfgR; dh nqfu;k esa ,d^vi&Vq&MsV* vkneh dk uke gSA muds fudV laidZ esajgus okys tkurs gSa fd lkfgfR;d txr~ esa D;k ?kfVr gks jgkgS] D;k u;k vkSj dSlk vk jgk gSμbudh Hkjiwj tkudkjhLukrdth dks jgrh FkhA og fganh lkfgR; esa ,d ^lsVsykbV*dh rjg jgs_ igys lkfgfR;d xfrfofËk;ksa dh tkudkjh mudsikl vkrh Fkh] fQj fo'ofo|ky;ksa vkSj lkfgfR;d {ks=ksa esamudk ^usVodZ* QSyrk FkkA

vius lrr~ iq#"kkFkZ vkSj deZ'khyrk ds dkj.k viusthou vkSj lfgR; esa og dHkh fiNM+s ugha] cnyrs vuqHkoksadks vkRelkr~ dj vafre {k.kksa rd og lkfgR; ds l?kuvË;srk cus jgsA vkpk;Z Lukrd ,d gh fo"k; vkSj {ks= dsfo'ks"kK ugha FksA fganh lkfgR; ds gj dky vkSj mldh Ëkkjkdks mUgksaus iwjh eeZKrk ds lkFk xquk FkkA lkfgR; dh lHkhfoËkkvksa ij mudk leku vfËkdkj FkkA xq#dqy iºfr dh

izokg

lkfgR; dslsVsykbV !μizks- jes'k xkSre

Lukrdth dh ijaijkxr tM+sacM+h etcwr FkhaA lkfgR;txr~ esa fur u, ckSfºdfoe'kZ ds ckotwn og viusvfMx larqyu ds lkFk ges'kklaxr cus jgsA fganh lkfgR; esa^vkfn* ls ^v|ru* rd dh;k=k mUgksaus r; dhA iqjkuhih< +h tgk a lkfgR; dsvË;;u&vË;kiu vk Sjvkykspuk esa Nk;kokn ls vkxsugha c<+ ldh] ogha vkpk;ZLukrd us l`tu'khyrk dsu,iu ls [kqn dks tksM+k vkSjdne ls dne feykdj pyusokyk O;fDrRo cuk;kAlkfgR; esa cnyrs rsojksa dksmUgksaus igpkuk vkSj fcukfdlh iwokZxzg ds mUgsa ekU;rknhA lkfgR; esa vkËkqfudrk dksQS'ku ds rk Sj ij ugh a]lkis{krk esa ewY;kadu djLohdkjus okys og fojysvkykspd FksA


f'k{kk&nh{kk ds dkj.k mudk Hkk"kk&laLdkj laLœr ds lkFk&lkFk izkœr] viHkza'k] fMaxy]fiaxy] voËkh] cztμlHkh dks le>us&le>kus esa leFkZ FkkA tc og ^i`Fohjkt jklks* i<+krsFks rks yksdHkk"kk dk 'kCn&lalkj Nk=ksa dks peRœr dj nsrk FkkA cksf>y ls cksf>y fo"k; dksHkh og ljl rkuk&ckuk cqudj ftl rjg ls vius Jksrkvksa ds chp mifLFkr djrs Fks] mlslquus ds ckn ;gh flº gksrk Fkk fd muesa ftruh xgu fo}Ÿkk Fkh] mudh Hkk"kk vkSjvfHkO;fDr mruh gh ljy FkhA

^jkËkkoYyHk laiznk; % flºkar vkSj lkfgR;* ij ekud ,oa xaHkhj 'kksËk&xzaFk fganhlkfgR; dks vfiZr djus okys fo}ku~ vkykspd Lukrdth tc œ".k&HkfDr lkfgR; i<+krs Fksrks jk/kkoYYHk laiznk; ds ijdh;k HkfDr ds flºkarksa dks brus izHkko'kkyh <ax ls i<+krs Fks fdewy iqLrd i<+us dh vko';drk gh eglwl ugha gksrh FkhA blhfy, mudh lsokfuo`fŸk dsi;kZIr varjky ds ckn Hkh fo'ofo|kyh; {ks=ksa esa vkt Hkh mUgsa ,d lQy f'k{kd vkSj ljloDrk ds :i esa tkuk&igpkuk tkrk gSA dkO;'kkL=] vyadkj] NanμlHkh dk vË;kiu mUgksausiwjh rUe;rk ls vius lsokdky esa fd;kA

Lukrdth dh ijaijkxr tM+sa cM+h etcwr FkhaA lkfgR; txr~ esa fur u, ckSfºdfoe'kZ ds ckotwn og vius vfMx larqyu ds lkFk ges'kk laxr cus jgsA fganh lkfgR; esa^vkfn* ls ^v|ru* rd dh ;k=k mUgks aus r; dhA iqjkuh ih<+h tgka lkfgR; dsvË;;u&vË;kiu vkSj vkykspuk esa Nk;kokn ls vkxs ugha c<+ ldh] ogha vkpk;Z Lukrd usl`tu'khyrk ds u,iu ls [kqn dks tksM+k vkSj dne ls dne feykdj pyus okyk O;fDrRocuk;kA lkfgR; esa cnyrs rsojksa dks mUgksaus igpkuk vkSj fcuk fdlh iwokZxzg ds mUgsa ekU;rknhA lkfgR; esa vkËkqfudrk dks QS'ku ds rkSj ij ugha] lkis{krk esa ewY;kadu dj Lohdkjusokys og fojys vkykspd FksA xqykc jk; rFkk ';kelqanj nkl dh 'kkL=h; vkykspuk dksfnYyh esa thfor j[kus okys egŸoiw.kZ gLrk{kj vkpk;Z Lukrd us fganh vkykspuk dks'kkL=iaFkh gksus dh :<+ fLFkfr ls vkxs c<+k;kA vkËkqfud lkfgR; dh ij[k ds fy, vkykspuk'kkL=ds u, eku&ewY;ksa dks og vko';d ekurs FksA

'kkL=cº gksdj mUgksaus u, l`tu ls eqag ugha eksM+k vkSj u, lkfgR; ds lkFk&lkFk viuscksËk dk Hkh fodkl og djrs x,] D;ksafd og tkurs vkSj ekurs Fks fd l`tu rFkk vkykspuklkFk&lkFk pyrs gSa] ,d ds fcuk nwljh yaxM+h gSA ys[ku dk ,d iSj l`tu gS rks nwljkvkykspukμvkSj muds nksuksa iSj fparu rFkk vkykspuk deZ esa lkFk&lkFk eafty dh vksj c<+sA,d ckr vkSj! lkfgR; vkSj vkykspuk esa ^vkWCtsfDVo ,izksp* ds lkFk eS=hHkko dks mUgksauslcls cM+k 'k=q ekuk] lCtsfDVo* og ugha cus vkSj vkykspuk deZ esa rVLFkrk dh Hkwfedk ghviuk, j[khA mudk vkykspd vËkqukru ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks vareZu ls ns[krk Fkk] Hkkairk FkkvkSj fQj fy[krk FkkA


mudh iq.; Le`fr esa ,d rF; dk mYys[k vkSj izklafxd gS fd dnkfpr~ ^dke;kuh*ij igyh iqLrd Lukrdth dh gh gS] tSlk og vDlj ge fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds chp dgk djrs FksAvkpk;Z uxsaÊ vkSj vkpk;Z uannqykjs oktis;h us ^dkek;uh* dh vkykspuk ckn esa dhALukrdth dk ;g dguk mfpr gS] D;ksafd eqfDrcksËk us ^dkek;uh % ,d iqufoZpkj* dk igykizdk'ku 1955 ds vklikl fd;k Fkk vkSj 1961 esa og ifj"œr :i esa izdkf'krgqvk Fkkμnksuksa laLdj.kksa esa ^dkek;uh* ds vkykspdksa esa eq[; ppkZ ,oa mºj.k Lukrdth dsgh gSaA

Lukrdth us nhu ,oa bZeku ls tks dgk vkSj fy[kk] og lp gS] D;ksafd iwjs lp ds izfrlefiZr mudk fparu&O;fDrRo lR; dks [kafMr djus ds i{k esa ugha FkkA og dgrsFks] ^jpukRed vfHkO;fDr dh iw.kZrk vkSj bZekunkjh dk eryc vºZlR; esa ugha]iwjs lp esa gSA* blh dkj.k og viuh vkRedFkk fy[kus ls cprs jgsA ysfdu tksfy[kkμog csf>>d] csckd] dsoy bZekunkj lpA vius ys[ku vkSj fparu esa ogu, vkSj iqjkus ds chp larqyu&lsrq ds :i esa tkus tkrs jgsaxsA qqq

v/;{k] thoui;ZUr f'k{k.k laLFkku] fnYyh fo'ofo|ky;A

fot;&tqywlusrkth dk fot;&tqywl fudy jgk FkkA ^ftankckn* vkSj ^t; gks] t; gks* ds ukjs

yxkrh gqbZ HkhM+ vkxs c<+hA tqywl ds vkxs&vkxs pyus okyk ;qod lM+d ds chpksachpiM+h yk'k ns[kdj >iVkA mlus Vk°x idM+dj yk'k dks ?klhVk vkSj ,d fdukjs dj fn;kA

flbls Hkh vkt gh ejuk FkkAfiflthdj D;k djrk\fiflvius ns'k esa fHk[kkfj;ksa dh la[;k c<+rh tk jgh gSAfiikl ls xqt+jrk ,d fHk[kkjh fBBd x;kμflvjs! ;s rks tksºk gSAfifltksºk! fdl yM+kbZ dk tksºk\fi fdlh us O;aX;iw.kZ ygts esa iwNkAflvkt+knh dh yM+kbZ esa xksfy;k° [kkbZ Fkha blus lkgcA gkFk&iSj Nyuh gks x;s FksA u

fdlh us jksVh nh u dke fn;kA Hkh[k ek°xdj isV Hkjrk Fkk---Afi fHk[kkjh cksykAmlus ikl esa eSyh&dqpSyh >ksyh myV nhA dbZ cnjax fpfV~B;k° bËkj&mËkj fc[kj

xb±&tksºk dks cM+s&cM+s usrkvksa ds gkFk dh fy[kh fpfV~B;k°Afot;&tqywl vkxs fudy pqdk FkkA qqq

∂ySV ua- 76 (fnYyh ljdkj vkoklh; ifjlj)] jksfg.kh lsDVj&11] ubZ fnYyh&110085A laidZ % 9313727493

y?kqdFkk

μjkes'oj dkEckst ^fgeka'kq*


og [kq'kuqek fnu vxLr 1973 dk Fkk] tc esjh izFke HksaVMkW- Lukrd ls mudh dksBh esa gh gqbZA MkW- Lukrd

Lo;a ,d izflº ,oa yksdfiz; O;fDr rks Fks gh] mudsfdjk,nkj Jh dherhyky cXxk Hkh ,d izflº O;fDr FksAeSa mUgha ls feyus , 5@3] jk.kkizrki ckx (fnYyh) x;k FkkAJh cXxk ml le; jktdh; fo|ky; (Hkkjr uxj) dsizËkkukpk;Z FksA

eq[; }kj [kksyrs gh eq>s MkW- Lukrd feys] tks Vgyjgs FksA eSa mUgsa igpkurk FkkA mUgksaus eq>ls esjk ifjp; vkSjearO; iwNkA eSaus nksuksa dh crk fn,] lkFk gh dgk] fllj] eSavkidks tkurk gwa] eq>s viuk Nk= gh lef>,A eq>s fganh lsvR;fËkd izse gS] eSa dfork fy[kus dh dksf'k'k Hkh djrkgwaA* og eqldjk,] muds gksaB f[kys] 'kCn fudysμfleSa mUgsaizse djrk gwa tks fganh dks izse djrs gSaA cXxk lkgc ls feyyks vkSj ykSVrs gq, eq>ls feyksA eSa izrh{kk d:axkAfi eq>syxk] eSa gok esa mM+ jgk gwaA bruk cM+k vkneh eq>ls feyusdk fuosnu dj jgk gSA eSa eqXËk gks x;k FkkA

ykSVdj tc eSa MkW- Lukrd ds ikl igqapk vkSj mudslkFk cSBk rks gBkr~ ,d ≈apkbZ ij igqap x;kA eq>ls fganh dsckjs esa ppkZ djus yxsA eSaus ml egku~ fo}ku~ ds le{k utkus fdl izdkj viuh VwVh&QwVh Hkk"kk esa myVs&lhËks mŸkjfn,A esjk fpŸk rc cfYy;ksa mNyk] tc mUgksaus foKku Hkouesa 'kh?kz vk;ksT; ,d lkfgR; lEesyu dk fuea=.k eq>sfn;kA eSaus lkspk] D;k eSa bl ;ksX; gwa fd brus cM+s lEesyuesa brus ≈aps fo}kuksa ds lkFk vius ckSus dn dks ysdj cSBwaA

MkW- Lukrd us laHkor% esjs ladksp dks Hkkai fy;k vkSjeq>s ogka dh O;oLFkk laHkkyus dk ,d egr~ dk;ZHkkj lkSaiukpkgk] ftls eSaus Lohdkj fd;kA ckn esa muds lkFk dk;Z

eqykdkr

og igyheqykdkr !

μfot; dqekj HkkfV;k

tc eSa MkW- Lukrd ds ikligqapk vkSj muds lkFk cSBk rksgBkr~ ,d ≈apkbZ ij igqapx;kA eq>ls fganh ds ckjs esappkZ djus yxsA eSaus ml egku~fo}ku~ ds le{k u tkus fdlizdkj viuh VwVh&QwVh Hkk"kkesa myVs&lhËks mŸkj fn,A esjkfpŸk rc cfYy;ksa mNyk]tc mUgksaus foKku Hkou esa'kh?kz vk;ksT; ,d lkfgR;lEesyu dk fuea=.k eq>sfn;kA eSaus lkspk] D;k eSa bl;ksX; gwa fd brus cM+s lEesyuesa brus ≈aps fo}kuksa ds lkFkvius ckSus dn dks ysdj cSBwaAMkW- Lukrd us laHkor% esjsladksp dks Hkkai fy;k vkSjeq>s ogka dh O;oLFkk laHkkyusdk ,d egr~ dk;ZHkkj lkSaiukpkgk] ftls eS aus Lohdkjfd;kA


djus dk vkSj muls cgqr&dqN lh[kus dk Lof.kZe volj izkIr fd;kA ;g mUgha ds vk'khokZndk ifj.kke Fkk fd eSa rc ls fganh&lkfgR; vkSj fganh vk;kstuksa esa lfÿ; Hkkxhnkjh djusyxkA mudh Nk;k esa lcls cM+h izsj.kk ;g feyh fd eq>s lkfgR;&iku dk lkSHkkX;'kkyhO;lu yx x;kA

,sls fo'kky ‚n; okys MkW- Lukrd dh og igyh eqykdkr vkt Hkh esjs eu&efLr"desa Hkhrj rd xgjh clh gqbZ gSA rc eq>s ;g dgka Kkr Fkk fd eSa nfl;ksa o"kZ ckn fganw dkWystdh Lo.kZ t;arh ds volj ij vpkud vius fd'kksj o; ds fe= gjh'k uoy ls feywaxk vkSjmuds lkFk lqËkk HkkHkh dks fyokus jk.kkizrki ckx ds mlh ?kj esa izos'k d:axk] tgka dHkh JhcXxk jgrs Fks rFkk tgka d.k&d.k esa MkW- Lukrd dh vkRek clh gqbZ gSA

lpeqp] ;g esjs fy, lq[kn vk';pZ dk fo"k; Fkk fd MkW- uoy esjs izsjdfo}ku~ ds tkekrk gSaA lqËkk HkkHkh dks tc Hkh ns[krk gwa] gBkr~ muds firkJh dhizHkko'kkyh Nfo Ë;ku esa pyh vkrh gSA

,slh Nfo dks 'kr~&'kr~ iz.kkeA

qqq

^fot; dkdk* ds uke ls izflº ys[kd fnYyh iz'kklu esa fMIVh lsÿsVjh foŸk jgs gSaA vodk'k izkfIr ds ckn ^foŸkijke'kZ lsok,a* o Lora= ys[ku esa layXuA

Mksjcsylqcg v[kckj i<+ jgk FkkA ,d vihy dh xbZ Fkhμflvki yksxksa ls fuosnu gS fd tc

Hkh vius vklikl ds ?kjksa esa >xM+k&>a>V dh vkokt lqusa rks QkSju ml ?kj dh Mksjcsyctk,° vkSj mUgsa le>k,°Afi

eSaus lkspk] ;s rks cM+h vPNh ckr gSA ugk&Ëkksdj rS;kj gqvk vkSj vkWfQl pyk x;kAogk° Hkh bl tksjnkj vihy dh tksjnkj ppkZ gqbZA 'kke dks fjD'ks ls ykSVrs le; eSaus eqgYys ds,d edku ij n`f"V Mkyh rks pkSad x;kA mldh ^Mksjcsy* m[kkM+ nh xbZ FkhA fQj rks vkSjedkuksa dks ckjhdh ls ns[krk jgk fdarq lHkh dh ^Mksjcsy* unkjn FkhA eSaus ekFkk ihV fy;kA

qqq

JhËkj ik.Ms; lnu] csy[kfj;k dk iqjk] fejtkiqj&231001 (mŸkj izns'k)A laidZ % 088858515445

y?kqdFkk

μvjfoUn voLFkh


^MkW-fot;sUÊ Lukrd* uke lksprs gh ,d fu'Ny]fueZy] lrr~ fopkj'khy] rstLoh] e`nq fdarq

xaHkhj] xkSjo.khZ;] Ëkoy oL=Ëkkjh] 'osr jtr ds'kËkkjhœ'kdk; ysfdu rst;qDr ,d ewfrZ Le`fr&iVy ij mHkjvkrh gSA ;|fi muds flj ij dkys ds'k Hkh esjh Le`fr esa gSa]ysfdu muds Lo:i vkSj O;fDrRo ls esy [kkrs cfYd mlsfu[kkjrs muds lQsn ds'kokyh Nfo dks gh eSaus viuh Le`fresa latksdj j[kk gSA u rks eSa mudk Nk= jgk] u gh dHkh mudslrr~ laidZ ;k lkfUuË; esa jgk] ysfdu fQj Hkh mudk tks:i] Lo:i eSaus ns[kk vkSj eglwl fd;k_ vfoLej.kh; gSAesjs fy, u rks og izks- Lukrd Fks vkSj u gh MkW- Lukrd] ogesjs fy, lnSo ^fnYyh okys QwQk* gh jgsA

cpiu ls ysdj muds egkiz;k.k ds iwoZ rd eSa fj'rsvkSj mez dh e;kZnk esa caËkk mudh eËkqj vkSj O;aX;iw.kZ ckrksaesa [kks;k] vpafHkr vkSj eu esa vuq'kklukRed Hk; fefJrizHkko fy;s eqldjkus dh dksf'k'k djrk gqvk&lk mUgsa fugkjrkjgrk FkkA eSa tc Hkh jk.kkizrki ckx fLFkr muds fuokl ijx;k] mUgsa dk;ks± esa O;Lr] ys[kujr vkSj fopkjeXu ik;kAfopkjksa ds mu iyksa esa og dgha cgqr xgjkbZ esa dqN cgqewY;rŸo [kkstrs gq,] mls ikus ds iz;Ru dh lQyrk dks ewrZ :insus dk ;Ru djrs izrhr gksrs FksA cpiu esa muls lgt nwjhjgrh Fkh] ysfdu Hkkstu vkSj uk'rs ds le; Vscy ij mudslkfUuË; esa mudh O;aX; vkSj gkL;iw.kZ pqVfd;ka cjcl ghmez dh e;kZnk dks rksM+us ds fy, ckË; djrh FkhaA eSaus mUgsaxq#dqy ds xq#vksa dh xq#rk vkSj f'k{kdksa ds vuq'kklu okyhNfo dks dHkh vks<+s gq, ugha ns[kkA lEeksfgr djus okyhmudh vka[ksa gj le; dqN u;k [kkstus esa cspSu vkSjlEeq[k cSBs O;fDr ds vareZu esa mrjus dk iz;kl djrhizrhr gksrh FkhaA

iqu%Lej.k

fganh dsltx izgjh

μdkS'kysaÊ flag

eSa tc Hkh jk.kkizrki ckxfLFkr muds fuokl ij x;k]mUgsa dk;ks± esa O;Lr] ys[kujrvk Sj fopkjeXu ik;kAfopkjksa ds mu iyksa esa og dghacgqr xgjkbZ esa dqN cgqewY;rŸo [kkstrs gq,] mls ikus dsiz;Ru dh lQyrk dks ewrZ :insus dk ;Ru djrs izrhr gksrsFksA cpiu esa muls lgt nwjhjgrh Fkh] ysfdu Hkkstu vkSjuk'rs ds le; Vscy ij mudslkfUuË; esa mudh O;aX; vkSjgkL;iw.kZ pqVfd;ka cjcl ghmez dh e;kZnk dks rksM+us dsfy, ckË; djrh FkhaA eSaus mUgsaxq#dqy ds xq#vksa dh xq#rkvkSj f'k{kdksa ds vuq'kkluokyh Nfo dks dHkh vks<+s gq,ugha ns[kkA lEeksfgr djusokyh mudh vka[ksa gj le;dqN u;k [kkstus esa cspSu vkSjlEeq[k cSBs O;fDr ds vareZuesa mrjus dk iz;kl djrhizrhr gksrh FkhaA


thou dh ckËkkvksa ds eË; la?k"kZ }kjk jkLrk cukdj y{; dks izkIr djus vkSj vkxsc<+us dh vn~Hkqr {kerk muesa FkhA thou dh dfBurk] la?k"kZ vkSj vLoLFkrk dks mUgksaus dHkhvius dk;Z rFkk fpjifjfpr eqLdku ij gkoh ugha gksus fn;kA

thou ds vafre dqN o"kks± esa e`R;qnsork ls eS=h] la?k"kZ vkSj vka[kfepkSyh djrs gq,fganh ds ltx izgjh] ewËkZU; fo}ku~μesjs I;kjs ^fnYyh okys QwQkth* varr% ml dkynsorkds lg;k=h cu xksyksd gsrq izLFkku dj x, vkSj NksM+ x, vius ihNs viuh laLœfr rFkklaLdkjksa dh ,d vewY; Ëkjksgj] tks gekjh Fkkrh gSA

qqq

ys[kd eË; izns'k ds iz[kj fofËk vfËkoDrk gSaA lEizfr tcyiqj vkSj xkMjokjk esa izSfDVlA

y?kqdFkk

μ?ku';ke vxzoky

ets dh dhermls ml u;s 'kgj esa ôgk°* tkuk FkkA mlus 'kgj ds fe= dks lkFk fy;kA fe= us fjD'kk

jksdrs gq, dgkμfl,s fjD'kk ôgk°* pyksxs\ nks lokjh] D;k yksxs\fiflik°p #i,Afi fjD'kk okys us dgkAflik°p #i,\ rhu #i, esa jkr&fnu tkrs gSaAfi fe= us lnkcgkj >wB cksykAflugha lkc] ik°p okftch gSaAfiflugha] T;knk gksrs gSaAfimls tYnh FkhA mlus fe= ls dgkμfltkus nksA D;k f>d&f>d djuk] pkj #i, ns

nsaxsA D;w° HkbZ] pkj esa pyksxs\fifjD'kkokyk dqN dgs mlds iwoZ fe= mldk gkFk idM+dj djhc&djhc fjD'ks esa cSBrs

gq, cksykμflvjs] rhu esa gh tkrs gSa ge yksx] [kSj] vkt pkj lghA pkj esa rks dksbZ HkhfjD'kkokyk ôgk°* ets ls tkrk gSA D;ksa] pkj esa rks pyksxs uk\fi

flvPNk cSBks] pyrk gw°Afi ,d iy dqN lksprk gqvk fjD'kkokyk cksykμflij lkc] pkj#i, esa dksbZ Hkh fjD'kkokyk ôgk°* ets ls ugha] etcwjh ls tkrk gSAfi ;g dgdj og fjD'kk[khapus yxkA qqq

vylh IykWV~l] vdksyk&444004A laidZ % 09422860199


cgqr fnuksa rd mudk uke gh lqurs jgsA muds xzaFk i<+rsjgsA muls feyus dh reUuk cgqr jgh] ysfdu lk{kkRdkj

muds yxHkx vkf[kjh fnuksa esa gh gqvkA mlh chp lkSHkkX;

tkxk ,d fnuA ^O;aX; fofoËkk* ds O;aX;kykspu vad dsfy, fot;sUÊ Lukrdth dk vkys[k izkIr gqvkA og ekË;evkSj FkkA izdkf'kr gksus ij tgka vU; fo}ku~ ys[kdksa&fe=ksa ls

iz'kalk&i= feys] ogha Lukrdth dk iz'uladqy lkfRodÿksËk&Hkjk i= feykA eSaus ljy Li"Vhdj.k fn;kA mldsmŸkj esa mudk vk'ofLrdkjh i= feykA muds ljy {kekHkko

ls eSa vfHkHkwr FkkA

fQj Qjhnkckn esa gfj;k.kk lkfgR; vdkneh }kjk lwjiap'krh lekjksg vk;ksftr FkkA mlesa og vË;{k Fks] eapklhu

FksA eSa lkËkkj.k Jksrk ds rkSj ij gkWy esa FkkA MkW- gjh'k uoy}kjk vius lacksËku esa esjk ftÿ lqudj Hkk"k.k lekIr gksrs gheq>s cqyok;kA og igyh eqykdkr bruh vkReh;rk&Hkjh

Fkh] tSls eSa cjlksa iqjkuk mudk f'k"; jgk gwaA esjs O;aX;deZdh ljkguk eq>s vk'khokZn&Lo:i yxh FkhA

nksigj ckn Qjhnkckn esa MkW- euksgj yky 'kekZth ds

?kj esa pk; ij xks"Bh tehA ogka fnYyh fo'ofo|ky; dsfganh foHkkx dk iwjk bfrgkl muds laLej.kksa ds ekË;e lstkuus dk volj feykA lkFk gh tkuk mudh deZBrk vkSj

muds vË;olk; dk bfrgklA dk'k] og Ni ldrkA brukcM+k vkneh bruk ljy gks ldrk gSμdYiuk ugha FkhAfnYyh ds egku~ lkfgR;dkj izk;% vkrafdr djrs gSaA ;g

vk'p;Z Fkk fd muesa oSlh tfVy&dqfVy egkurk ugha FkhA

fglkj esa vius egkfo|ky; esa mUgsa vkeaf=r djusdh esjh bPNk vËkwjh gh jg xbZA MkW- uoy ls bl lacaËk esa

lcd

tc mudkØks/k Hkjk i=

feyk---μMkW- eËkqlwnu ikfVy

MkW- Lukrd us O;aX;&vkykspuk ij Hkh dk;Zfd;k FkkA og fganh ds^ekSf[kd O;aX;kpk;Z* dgstkrs Fks] ,slk eq>s fnYyh dsO;aX;dkj fe= crykrs FksAmudh iz[kj ok.kh esa O;aX;ds tks Loj lqukbZ nsrs Fks] osBksl lkfgfR;d rFkk ekSfydfparu ds Ëkjkry ij FksA dgldrk gwa fd mudk tkukfganh O;aX; dh vkykspuk dsfy, Hkh =kln jgkA


fopkj&foe'kZ gh gksrk jgk] ysfdu vpkud tc tkuk fd og ugha jgs] rks vka[kksa ds vkxs ogËkoy] lkSE;ewfrZ Qfj'rk gh vk ik,] clA

MkW- Lukrd us O;aX;&vkykspuk ij Hkh dk;Z fd;k FkkA og fganh ds ekSf[kd O;aX;kpk;Z*dgs tkrs Fks] ,slk eq>s fnYyh ds O;aX;dkj fe= crykrs FksA mudh iz[kj ok.kh esa O;aX; ds tks

Loj lqukbZ nsrs Fks] os Bksl lkfgfR;d rFkk ekSfyd fparu ds Ëkjkry ij FksA dg ldrk gwa fdmudk tkuk fganh O;aX; dh vkykspuk ds fy, Hkh =kln jgkA

qqq

fglkj esa dkWyst ds fganh foHkkxkË;{k jgs ys[kd fganh O;aX; ds iz[kj gLrk{kj gSaA O;aX;kykspu ijmudk Js"B dk;Z gSA os ^O;aX; fofoËkk* ds lEiknd Hkh jgsA

rek'kkmu csVs cgw dh yxHkx Ms<+ lky dh fcfV;k gSA ,d fnu og jkr Hkj jksrh jghA nksuksa

cgqr ijs'kku jgsA lqcg mBrs gh lkjk ?kj flj ij mBk fy;k x;kμuk tkus D;k gks x;k gS\dqN rks rdyhQ gksxh gh] rHkh rks gekjh ykMyh jkrHkj Bhd ls lks ugha ikbZ vkSj jkr Hkj jksrhjghA MkWDVj ds ;gk° ys tk;k x;kA MkWDVj us dgk fd lkekU; lh ckr gSA dHkh&dHkhvuip ds dkj.k ,slk gks tkrk gSA

mi;qZDr csVs&cgw dh yxHkx 48 o"khZ; ek° vxys fnu lqcg ls gh vueuh FkhaA lkjkfnu chr x;k FkkA mudk dgha Hkh] fdlh pht esa eu ugha yx jgk FkkA Bhd <ax ls jkr dkHkkstu Hkh ugha dj ikbZ FkhaA fdlh dkj.ko'k mudk eu vËkhj gks jgk Fkk] blfy, nks&rhu ?kaVsjksrh jghaA jksrs&jksrs dc lks xb± mUgsa [kcj ugha FkhA

lcsjs tc csVs&cgw dks irk pyk fd ek° jkr Hkj jksrh jgha vkSj Bhd ls lks ugha ikbZ gSa rksnksuksa dg mBsμflvjs] ;s lc mudh ukVdckth gSA ge [kwc le>rs gSaA mUgsa rks cl ,slkrek'kk djus dk cgkuk pkfg,] cl!fi

qqq

oklqnso vxzoky] vxzoky gkml] 35] vukFk fo|kFkhZ x`g] ys&vkmV] ydM+xat] ukxiqj&440008 (egkjk"V™)AlaidZ % 09422805342

y?kqdFkk

μlq"kek vxzoky


lu~ 1923 esa xq#dqy o`ankou esa nks flag&iq= vkil esafeysA ,d ikapoha d{kk esa Fkk vkSj nwljk rhljh d{kk

esaA ,d dk uke Fkkμfot;sUÊ flag vkSj nwljs dk HkkjrflagA nksuksa flag&iq= 'kh?kz gh vfHkUu fe= cu x,A nksuksadq'kkxz cqfº okys FksA dkykarj esa fot;sUÊ flag MkW- fot;sUÊLukrd ds uke ls fganh lkfgR;kdk'k esa nsnhI;eku u{k= dhHkkafr peds vkSj Hkkjr flag us izksQslj Hkkjr Hkw"k.k ^ljkst*ds uke ls lkfgR;&izsfe;ksa ds eu esa viuh vfeV NkiNksM+hA izks- ljkst esjs firk FksA

MkW- fot;sUÊ Lukrd tc tqykbZ 1947 esa jketldkWyst (fnYyh) esa fganh ds izkË;kid fu;qDr gq,] rcmUgksaus vius cky&l[kk dks Hkh fnYyh cqykus dh BkuhAfirkJh mu fnuksa vuwi 'kgj (mŸkj izns'k) esa fganh ds izkË;kidFksA mUgsa rkj nsdj MkW- Lukrd us cqyk;kA esjs firkth ;glkspdj fd fnYyh esa laHkor% mUgsa ukSdjh u feys] ughavk,A MkW- Lukrd us iqu% rkj HkstkA rc Hkh firkJh fnYyhugha vk,A MkW- Lukrd us rhljh ckj rkj Hkstk] ftlesa mUgksausfy[kk Fkkμflrqe vk jgs gks ;k eSa rqEgsa ysus vk≈aAfi bl rkjds mŸkj esa esjs firkJh tqykbZ 1948 esa fnYyh vk x, vkSjMkW- Lukrd ds lrr~ iz;kl ls jketl dkWyst esa fganh dsizkË;kid fu;qDr gq,A og MkW- Lukrd dks viuk vfHkUufe= gh ugha] viuk cM+k HkkbZ Hkh ekurs FksA ,sls mnkjeuk MkW-Lukrd dks eSaus cpiu ls ns[kk] tkuk vkSj igpkuk gSA

esjs firkJh gh ugha] cfYd ifjokj ds lHkh lnL; MkW-Lukrd dks vius ifjokj dk eqf[k;k ekurs FksA gekjs ifjokjds lq[k&nq%[k esa og lnSo 'kkfey jgsA firkJh us vius jgusds fy, lu~ 1954 esa jk.kkizrki ckx esa ,d edku dkfuekZ.k djok;k FkkA ftrus Lusgiw.kZ vfËkdkj ls MkW- Lukrdus vius ckyl[kk dks vuwi 'kgj ls fnYyh cqyk fy;k Fkk]

mn~xkj

^Lukrdthdks viuk

lcdqNle>uk*μizHkkr dqekj

eq>s yxrk Fkk fd fganh dk;g ewËk Z U; lkfgR;dkj,dkdh gSA dHkh&dHkh MkW-Lukrd eq>s vius vdsysiuesa 'kkfey dj ysrs FksA ,dckj og eq>s FkksM+s mnkl fn[ks]ij eSa dqN Hkh iwN ikus dklkgl ugha tqVk ldkA mUgksausmlh eu%fLFkfr esa eq>ls ?kaVsHkj ckrsa rks dha] ij tc eSapyus yxk] rk s ck sysμflizHkkr] ,d ckr Ë;kuj[kuk] tks fcaËk x;k lkseksrhAfi muds bl okD; uscgqr fnuksa rd eq>s cgqrvfËkd lkspus ij etcwj djfn;k FkkA Loxh Z; Mk W -Lukrd dh vla[; Le`fr;kaesjs ekul&iVy ij vafdrgSaA


esjs firkJh ds mrus gh vfËkdkjiw.kZ ckj&ckj ds vkxzg ls fujL= gks MkW- Lukrd us lu~ 1961esa jk.kkizrki ckx esa gh ,d HkO; dksBh dk fuekZ.k djok;k] ftlds 'kqHk eqgwrZ ds volj ijjk"V™dfo eSfFkyh'kj.k xqIr vkSj muds vuqt lqdfo fl;kjke'kj.k xqIr Hkh vk, FksA eSa mufnuksa vkBoha d{kk esa i<+rk FkkA rc ls ysdj 24 uoEcj] 1998 rd (muds cz„yhu gksusrd) eSa MkW- Lukrd ds ?kj vla[; ckj x;kA le; ds lkFk&lkFk eq>s mudk iq=or~ Lusgfeyrk jgk vkSj eSa mlesa ljkcksj gksrk x;kA

eSaus tc fganh esa ,e-,- fd;k] mudh fo}Ÿkk dk dk;y gks x;kA uhjl ls uhjl fo"k;dks og bruh jkspd 'kSyh esa i<+krs Fks fd fo|kFkhZ grizHk gks tkrs FksA ,e-,- esa eSa izFke Js.khizkIr ugha dj ldkA blfy, izkË;kid cuus dh lkËk ml le; iwjh ugha gks ldhAeSa MkW- Lukrd ds ?kj x;kA mUgksaus esjh ihB ij gkFk j[krs gq, dgkμflfujk'k gksus dhckr ugha gSA rqe ,e-fyV~ djksA rqe fuf'pr :i ls fnYyh fo'ofo|ky; esaizkË;kid cuksxsA ;g esjk vk'khokZn gSAfi mudh ckr eku eSaus ,e-fyV~ esa th&rksM+ifjJe dj] izFke Js.kh izkIr dj] galjkt dkWyst (fnYyh) esa izkË;kid&in izkIrfd;kA

;g MkW- Lukrd dh vuqdaik vkSj vk'khokZn dk gh ifj.kke gS fd eSa lkfgR; dsvË;;u vkSj vË;kiu esa fujarj tqVk jgkA eq>s tc dHkh fdlh Hkh lgk;d iqLrd dhvko';drk gksrh] eSa muds ?kj tkdj muds futh iqLrdky; ls vklkuh ls ys vkrk] tcfdog eq>s vius dkWyst ds iqLrdky; esa Hkh miyCËk ugha gksrh FkhA

izkË;kid gksus ds ckn MkW- Lukrd ds ?kj esjk vkuk&tkuk c<+ x;kA fganh ds vusdkusdegku~ lkfgR;dkjksa dks eSaus muds ?kj ij gh ns[kkA eq>s loZJh tSusaÊ dqekj] vkpk;Z fd'kksjhnklcktis;h] vkpk;Z gtkjh izlkn f}osnh] MkW- j?kqoa'k] MkW- cPpu flag vkfn vusd lkfgR;dkjksals ckrphr djus dk Lof.kZe volj Lukrd&lnu esa gh feykA

lu~ 1979 esa lsokfuo`Ÿk gksus ds ckn MkW- Lukrd us vius nk;js dks vkSj vfËkd foLrkjfn;kA muds dk;Z djus dk <ax fujkyk FkkA vkpk;Z fo'os'oj ls laLœr ds izflº xazFkksa dkfganh vuqokn djok ysuk] v[kaMkuanth egkjkt o lkËkq&larksa ds lkFk jgdj mudh cgqewY;iksfFk;ksa esa ls vius 'kksËk&izcaËk dh lkexzh dks [kkst fudkyuk] fo"ke ls fo"ke fLFkfr esa Hkhlgt cus jguk] vius fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks lnSo vkxs c<+us ds fy, izsfjr djrs jguk_ laLœr]ikyh] izkœr ls ysdj vkËkqfud dky rd ds lkfgR; ij leku vfËkdkj cuk, j[kuk vkfnfof'k"Vrkvksa dk ,d gh O;fDr esa ik;k tkuk de egŸoiw.kZ ckr ugha gSA

oSls rks MkW- Lukrd le;≤ ij viuh lkfgR;&lsok ds fy, iafMr tokgj ykyusg:] MkW- jkËkkœ".ku] MkW- tkfdj gqlSu] MkW- 'kadj n;ky 'kekZ] Kkuh tSy flag vkfn egku~fpardksa] jk"V™kË;{kksa vkSj lkfgR;&izsfe;ksa }kjk lEekfur gksrs jgs gSa] fdarq lu~ 1996 esa


^Hkkjrh&Hkkjrh* iqjLdkj dk ikuk vkSj muds }kjk fyf[kr ^fganh lkfgR; dk bfrgkl*dk ^lkfgR; vdkneh* ls izdkf'kr gksuk MkW- Lukrd ds thou&dky dh egŸoiw.kZmiyfCËk;ka gSaA

MkW- Lukrd 3 flracj] 1991 dks izkr% gekjs ?kj vk, Fks] vius cky&l[kk izksQsljljkst dk gkypky tkuus] D;ksafd firkJh dqN le; ls vLoLFk py jgs FksA nksuksa fe= pkj?kaVs rd cfr;krs jgsA pyrs le; MkW- Lukrd us eq>ls dgkμflvkt eSaus rsjs firk ls xq#dqyo`ankou dh igyh eqykdkr ls ysdj vc rd dh u tkus fdruh ckrsa dh gSa] ij eu ughaHkjkA lp crk≈a izHkkr] vkt esjk ;gka ls tkus dk eu gh ugha dj jgkA ge nksuksa Fkd x, gSaAljkst dks Hkh vkjke dh t:jr gSAfi bruh ckr eq>ls dgdj MkW- Lukrd vius ?kj pysx,A muds tkus ds ckn firkJh us eq>s cqykdj dgkμflcsVk] ;fn eq>s dqN gks tk, rksLukrdth dks gh viuk lcdqN le>ukA eSaus thou esa dHkh Hkh Lukrdth dh ckr dksekuus ls budkj ugha fd;kA bl ckr dk rqe Ë;ku j[kukAfi

eq>s ugha irk Fkk fd esjs firkJh dh vius ckyl[kk ls ;g vafre HksaV FkhA mlh fnunsj jkr dks vpkud firkJh dh ‚n;&xfr #d tkus ls e`R;q gks xbZA lqcg gksrs gh eSaus MkW-Lukrd ds ?kj tkdj tc mUgsa ;g lekpkj fn;k] muds eqag ls fudykμflikxy gks x;k gSD;k\ dy vPNk&Hkyk NksM+dj vk;k FkkAfi bruk dgdj og gM+cM+k dj mBs vkSj uaxs iSjgh esjs lkFk pyus ds fy, rS;kj gks x,A eSaus dgkμflckcwth] pIiysa igu yhft,Afi mUgksauspIiysa iguha vkSj esjs lkFk py iM+sA eSaus vius thou&dky esa MkW- Lukrd dks rc igyhvkSj vafre ckj jksrs ns[kk FkkA jksrs gq, mUgksaus eq>ls dgkμflljkst eq>ls nks lky NksVk FkkAtkuk eq>s Fkk vkSj pyk oks x;kAfi firkJh dh e`R;q us mUgsa Hkhrj rd ngyk fn;k FkkA

firkJh ds cz„yhu gksus ds ckn MkW- Lukrd vius ml cky&l[kk dks eq>esa <wa<+us dkiz;kl djrs FksA eSa muds vkSj fudV vk x;k FkkA 1996&97 esa eq>s muds lkFk dU;kxq#dqy] lkluh] ftyk vyhx<+ vkSj eFkqjk esa vk;ksftr xksf"B;ksa esa tkus dk volj feykAnksuksa xksf"B;ksa esa mUgksaus vË;{krk dh Fkh vkSj eq>s Hkk"k.k nsrs gq, lquuk mUgsa cgqr lq[kdjyxk FkkA eSaus tc&tc muds lkFk ;k=k,a dha] rc&rc muls] ;k=k ds nkSjku fganhlkfgR;] Hkkjrh; laLœfr] Hkkjro"kZ ds fofHkUu fo'ofo|ky;ksa esa fganh dh fLFkfr vkfnvusdkusd fo"k;ksa ls lacº tks&tks ppkZ gqbZ] mls eSa vius thou dh egŸoiw.kZ miyfCËkekurk gwaA

MkW- Lukrd dks viuh deZBrk vkSj vius gkFkksa ij [kwc Hkjkslk FkkA fdlh lHkk dhvË;{krk djuh gks ;k fdlh egŸoiw.kZ ehfVax esa tkuk gks vkSj vLoLFk gksus ds dkj.k u tk ikjgs gksa] rks cspSu gks tkrs FksA ,d fnu mUgksaus eq>s cqyk;k vkSj dgkμflesjk LokLF; Bhd ughagS vkSj eq>s Hkksiky esa dchj ij gksus okyh xks"Bh dh vË;{krk djuh gSA ,slk djks] MkW- gjh'k


uoy ,d oDrk ds :i esa ogka tk gh jgs gSa] rqe muds lkFk esjs izfrfufËk ds :i esa pystkvksA esjs fyf[kr Hkk"k.k dks Hkh i<+ nsuk vkSj viuh vksj ls dchj ij ,d egŸoiw.kZfVIi.kh Hkh nsuk] eq>s vPNk yxsxkAfi eSaus muds vkns'k dk lg"kZ ikyu fd;kA

eq>s yxrk Fkk fd fganh dk ;g ewËkZU; lkfgR;dkj ,dkdh gSA dHkh&dHkh MkW- Lukrdeq>s vius vdsysiu esa 'kkfey dj ysrs FksA ,d ckj og eq>s FkksM+s mnkl fn[ks] ij eSa dqN HkhiwN ikus dk lkgl ugha tqVk ldkA mUgksaus mlh eu%fLFkfr esa eq>ls ?kaVs Hkj ckrsa rks dha] ijtc eSa pyus yxk] rks cksysμflizHkkr] ,d ckr Ë;ku j[kuk] tks fcaËk x;k lks eksrhAfi mudsbl okD; us cgqr fnuksa rd eq>s cgqr vfËkd lkspus ij etcwj dj fn;k FkkA

LoxhZ; MkW- Lukrd dh vla[; Le`fr;ka esjs ekul&iVy ij vafdr gSaAmuds vn`'; gkFk dks eSa lnSo vius flj ij j[kk gqvk eglwl djrk gwaA mUgsa 'kCnksaesa ckaËk ikuk dfBu gSA viuh Hkkoukvksa dks vius esa la;r dj fir`&rqY; xq#nsoMkW- Lukrd dh Le`fr dks lnSo JºkiwoZd ueu djrk gwaA

qqq

ys[kd fnYyh fo'ofo|ky; ds galjkt dkWyst esa fganh foHkkxkË;{k jgsA os ,d Js"B y?kqdFkkdkj o O;k[;krk gSaAlEizfr fnYyh esa fuoklA

iqjLdkjlqeu dk cpiu rdyhQksa Hkjk chrk] fookg ds i'pkr Hkh cM+s ifjokj esa xq.kh o lqUnj

gksus ij Hkh og lEeku mls izkIr ugha gqvk ftldh og gdnkj FkhA fQj Hkh yksxksa dhmis{kk lgudj vius drZO;ksa dks iwjk djrh jghA fdarq vius cPpksa dh ijofj'k esa fojksËkksa dsckn Hkh dksbZ deh ugha j[khA

i<+&fy[kdj csVk MkWDVj vkSj csVh bathfu;j cu vPNs vksgns ij FksA fookg dsi'pkr cgw us ftl lw>&cw> ls ifjokj dks laHkkyk og dkfcysrkjhQ FkkA lqeu dks Hkh ek°dk lEeku gh ugha fn;k vfirq iwjs ifjokj dks Lusg vkSj I;kj ds caËku esa ck°Ëk fj'rksa dksiquthZou fn;kA og le> brus lkyksa esa mez esa cM+s o ifjiDo gksdj Hkh dksbZ le> u ldkFkkA vkt lqeu dks ekuks lHkh rdyhQksa] ihM+kvksa dk gj.k ds :i esa iqjLdkj mldh cgw ds:i esa fey x;k FkkA

qqq

Vh-th- daiuh ds ikl] jsyVksyh] xksafn;k&441614] egkjk"V™A laidZ % 07182&252750

y?kqdFkk

μfdaty bZys'k esgrk


rkt ,Dlizsl Êqr xfr ls pyh tk jgh FkhA isM+] [ksr][kfygku] dq,a] rkykc] xkao] ckoM+h lc fnYyh dh

vksj ekuks Hkkx jgs Fks vkSj eSa rFkk Jºs; MkW- Lukrd rktdh uxjh vkxjk dh vksj ÿe'k% c<+ jgs FksA MkW- Lukrd;kuh gekjs ^ck≈th* ds lkFk ;g esjh izFke ;k=k FkhA eq>scsgn ladksp Fkk muds lkFk ;k=k ij tkrs gq,A og udsoy esjs xq# Fks] vfirq fganh ds ,d leFkZ izdkaM iafMrHkh FksA ,e-,- esa mudh d{kkvksa esa mudk ikafMR; cM+slgt Hkko ls izdV gqvk FkkA ckn esa mudh vkykspukRediqLrdsa i<+dj mudh fo}Ÿkk dh ,d xgjh Nki ge lHkhNk=ksa ij iM+h FkhA muds lkFk D;k] dSls vkSj fdl izdkjdh Hkk"kk esa ckr djsa] ;g gekjs fy, fopkj.kh; gksrk FkkAtc esjh uofookfgrk iRuh lqËkk us dgk Fkk fd œ".kk cqvkds cssVs v'kksd dh 'kknh esa ck≈th rqEgsa vkxjk ysdj tkukpkg jgs gSa rFkk vkSj dksbZ ?kj ls 'kknh esa ugha tk jgk] eSapkSad x;k FkkA ,d LQqj.k&lk rks gqvk fd xq#oj (tks vcesjs 'olqj gks x, Fks) ds lkFk vkxjk rd tk≈axk] fdarqjkLrk dSls dVsxk---

ysfdu ^rkt* dh ml Mkbfuax dkj esa lqcg lk<+s lkrcts ls ukS cts rd ck≈th eq>s xjekxje uk'rk djok jgs FksrFkk vius ckjs esa] ifjos'k vkSj ns'k ds fo"k; esa jkspd <ax lsfujarj crk, pys tk jgs FksA eSa ewd Jksrk cuk] ea=eqXËk&lkgks jgk Fkk vkSj mudh oDr`rk dh vn~Hkqr ygjh esa Mwcrk tkjgk FkkA

vkxjk vkrs&vkrs esjk ladksp xk;c gks pqdk Fkk vkSjesjh okpkyrk vaxM+kb;ka ysus yxh FkhA nks fnu ge yksxcqvk ds ;gka #ds] cjkr esa x,A ck≈th fof'k"V vfrfFk FksvkSj nkekn gksus ds ukrs cqvk vkSj ck≈th us eq>s ^vfrfof'k"V* cuk fn;k FkkA

izsj.kk

ifjJe dsi;kZ;

MkW-LukrdμMkW- gjh'k uoy

ifjJe dk nwljk uke MkW-Lukrd Hkh gks ldrk gSA mudsgkFkksa us lpeqp vFkd dk;Zfd;kA MkW- Lukrd us 30xzaFkksa dh jpuk dhA mUgksausHkkjr esa lokZfËkd 'kksËk&izcaËkijhf{kr fd,A yxHkx 850ih&,p-Mh- vkSj Mh-fyV~ dsxzaFk tkapsA yxHkx 1]000ys[k mUgksaus fy[ksA mudkfu;e Fkk fd og fcuk ekaxsi=&if=dkvksa dks ys[k ughansrs FksA tks if=dk,a ekaxrha]vo'; HkstrsA og vdljbl ruko esa jgrs Fks fdveqd&veqd ds fy, fy[kukgS] veqd&veqd ihNs iM+s gSaAeSa muls dgrk Fkk] ^LokLF;nsf[k,] veqd txg fy[kukt:jh ugha gSA* og dgrs] esjsfy,] esjs LokLF; ls igys esjkys[ku gSA*


o"kks± iwoZ ?kVh bl ?kVuk us] ck≈th ds 'kCnksa esa mUgksaus êq>s [kksy fn;k FkkA* dgldrk gwa fd muds lkFk esjh êS=h* dh 'kq#vkr gks xbZ FkhA

fQj rks ;k=k&nj&;k=k mudk lkFk vkSj laj{k.k izkIr gksrk jgkA izFke fganh fo'olEesyu (ukxiqj) ls ysdj prqFkZ fganh fo'o lEesyu (ekWjh'kl) rd ds cjlksa ds ;k=k&ÿeesa muls cgqr&dqN lh[kus dks feykA tc ge fdlh ds lkFk fnu&jkr jgrs gSa vkSj vius 'kgjds ckgj gksrs gSaμgesa njvly rHkh mlds fo"k; esa fojkV~ lp dk irk pyrk gSA LoHkko]Hkk"kk] vknr] vkpj.k] O;ogkj] flºkar] thou&n'kZu] lkekftd ljksdkj] O;fDrxr dqaBk,a]fof'k"Vrk,a vkfn ds vkoj.k [kqyrs pyrs gSaA

ck≈th ,d lkËkkj.k ifjokj esa gfj;k dk uxyk] ftyk&eFkqjk esa tUesALdwy tkus ds fy, lkr ehy dh iSny ;k=k uaxs iSj djrsA lnhZ] xjeh] cjlkrlHkh dqN lgrs] ij dqN u dgrsA lnSo vOoy jgrsA muds firk Lo- Jh tksËkflagoekZ dkykarj esa xq#dqy oànkou esa xf.kr ds vË;kid fu;qDr gq, vkSj ogha fpjlsok esa tqVsA mUgsa xq#dqy ds gjs&Hkjs ekgkSy esa ,d vkokl feyk vkSj bl izdkjck≈th ds thou esa [ksr] V~;wcosy] gjs&Hkjs isM+] eksj] dks;y] Hkkjrh; n'kZu] oSfnd laLœfrvkSj œ".k dUgS;k vk clsA muds lkfgR;dkj us izFke djoV ogha yhA oYyHkkpk;Z dh deZvkSj lwjnkl dh HkkoHkwfe dh feV~Vh mUgsa var rd fiz; jghA og xq#dqy esa Hkh lnSo izFkeJs.kh rFkk izFke LFkku izkIr djrs jgsA lkFk gh] mUgksaus pkj o"kZ yxkrkj Hkk"k.k izfr;ksfxrkthrdj fjdkWMZ cuk;k tks vc rd vfoftr gS rFkk iqjLdkj :i esa ^jtr iqfLrdk* izkIrdh] ftls fn[kkrs gq, og dHkh ugha v?kkrs FksA og xq#dqy ds ekus gq, rSjkd vkSj gkWdh Vheds dSIVu FksA rSjkdh esa cSd LV™ksd vkSj gkWdh esa lsaVj QkWoZMZ mudh n{krk FkhA vaxzsth]laLœr vkSj fganhμrhuksa Hkk"kkvksa esa mUgsa lokZfËkd vad feyrs FksA

izR;sd o"kZ tuojh ekg esa mudk oànkou tkuk fuf'pr gksrk FkkA fnYyh dh gj izdkjdh iznwf"kr fLFkfr;ksa ls =k.k ikus ds fy, mudk oànkou izokl ,d fj›s'kj dkslZ dh HkkafrFkkA oànkouμtgka muds firk] NksVs HkkbZ Lora=rk lsukuh ekLVj jktsaÊ oekZ] fe=μLokeh fgrgfjnkl ds vfrfjDr muds ^Vsyj ekLVjth* Fks tks ck≈th ds dqjrs rqjar lh fn;k djrs FksAck≈th ds HkO; vkSj xfjeke; dqjrs ppkZ dk fo"k; gqvk djrs FksA ck≈th dks ns[krs ghVsyj ekLVjth f[ky tk;k djrs FksA ck≈th BsB nslh cztHkk"kk esa muls cfr;krs] etkd djrsvkSj fQj mUgsa caxkyh feBkbZ f[kykrsA

feBkbZ mUgsa vfr fiz; Fkh] D;ksafd muds fy, oftZr FkhA ftruh oftZr Fkh] mruk ghpko ls ck≈th [kkrsA tc ge mUgsa Vksdrs rks og dgrs Fks] ^;k rks ;gka ls feBkbZ gVk yks ;keq>sA* feBkbZ rks gVkbZ ugha tk ldrh Fkh] vycŸkk mUgsa gh muds vË;;u&d{k esa ys tk;ktkrk FkkA ck≈th Hkkjrh; euh"kk ds izrhd FksA larksa&lk vkpj.k] lknk Hkkstu] lknk igukok]


Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa dks ekr` lEeku] tkrh; vkLFkk] ekuork dks ËkeZ ekuuk] la;qDr ifjokj esafo'okl] yksd laxhr dks izJ;] osn] iqjk.kksa dks vknj] iqLrd gh muds izHkq FksA

^Lukrd lnu* , 5@3] jk.kkizrki ckx (fnYyh) dk M™kbax:e gh ck≈th dk fo[;krvË;;u&d{k FkkA og mudk iqLrdky; Fkk ftlesa yxHkx 6]000 iqLrdaas FkhaA ok≥~e; dk;g ,d ,slk dks"k Fkk tSlk gj fdlh dh O;fDrxr ykbczssjh esa ugha gks ldrkA 23 fnlacj]1961 dks] tc og 49 o"kZ ds Fks] muds lnu ds ^x`gizos'k* ds volj ij nn~nk eSfFkyh'kj.kxqIr vkSj Jh fl;kjke'kj.k xqIr Hkh mifLFkr FksA blh c`gn~ M™kbax:e dh lcls cM+h nhokjij nk,a ls ck,a vkSj ry ls Nr rd dh egk vkdkj dh ydM+h dh 'kh'kss okyh vyekjhmudh mRlqdrk dk fo"k; FkhA ^nn~nk* dks fpark Fkh fd ;g Hkjsxh dSls\ fdarq ftlds thouesa lokZfËkd egŸo ^'kCn&laink* dk gks] ml MkW- fot;sUÊ Lukrd dh og vyekjh dqN ghcjlksa esa Hkj xbZA nks vyekfj;ka vkSj cuhaA iqLrdsa Bwal&Bkaldj Hkjh tkus yxhaA ck≈th mlc`gn~ xzaFkkxkj ds Q'kZ ij j[ks eqa'kh MsLd ij gh ys[ku&dk;Z djrs FksA eSa tc Hkh ^Lukrdlnu* esa x;k] ck≈th dks izk;% ogha cSBdj ml MsLd ij fy[kus dh lkËkuk djrs ns[kkAmudh ≈tkZ ij bZ";kZ gksrh FkhA og Fkdrs ugha FksA fy[krs&i<+rs dHkh v?kkrs ugha FksA xjfe;ksadh >qylkus okyh nksigjksa esa Hkh og 'k∏;k ij foJke ugha djrs FksA mudk ^foJke* gksrkFkkμ,d izkstsDV NksM+ nwljs ij dke djukA esjh vka[kksa dks nksigj dk Hkkstu djrs gh cangksdj LofIuy yksd esa fopj.k dh vknr FkhA ck≈th Lo;a vke] [kjcwtk dkVdj Hkkstuky;esa j[krs vkSj fQj lcdh uhan dks yrkM+rsA ge lc Mkbfuax Vscy ij f?kj vkrs] ck≈th dsgkFk ls Qy xzg.k dj lQy gksrs vkSj fQj mudh Le`fr;ksa ds [kqyrs gq, iqfyanksa ds va'klqursA cksyrs gq, Hkh ck≈th Fkdrs ugha FksA mudh ckrsa bruh izsjd vkSj jkspd gksrha ftuesamudh O;fDrxr 'kSyh dk cM+k gkFk Fkk fd lquus okys pkgdj Hkh mB ugha ikrs Fks] fQj pkgsog MkW- jkenj'k feJ gksa ;k MkW- fuR;kuan frokjh ;k MkW- lh-,y- izHkkrA

ck≈th ds f'k"; fnYyh fo'ofo|ky; esa gh ugha] cfYd tgka&tgka fganh gS] ogka&ogkagSaA tkiku ds izks- nksbZ] izks- rks"kk rukdk] dksfj;k dh izks- fde lqax] baXySaM ds izks- eSd xzsxj]dukMk ds izks- fÿLVksQj fdax] fQth ds izks- foosdkuan 'kekZ--- lc muds f'k"; gSaA tks f'k";ugha gSa] fdarq Lo;a dks f'k";or~ ekurs gSa] ,sls fons'kh fe=ksa esa psd ds izks- LeSdy] :l ds izks-okjkfUudkso] izks- psfy'kkso] gaxjh dh izks- ekfj;k] iksySaM ds izks- c`Ldh] ekWjh'kl dsJh vfHkeU;q vur] teZuh ds izks- yksBkj yqRts vkfn fganh ds vuU; fo}ku~ ,oa ys[kd'kkfey gSaA

tc 5 vDrwcj] 1973 dks gekjh 'kknh vkscjk; esMal esa laiUu gks jgh Fkh] gksVy esaBgjk ,d :lh ;k=h ny 'kknh dh jLesa ns[kuk pkgrk FkkA Lohœfr feyus ij os lHkhvutku :lh gekjh osnh ds pkjksa vksj meM+dj fQYekadu djus yxsA tc mUgsa ck≈th dkifjp; feyk] rks ,d fons'kh tks mUgsa uke ls tkurs Fks] vR;ar izlUu gq, vkSj lkfFk;ksa ls


cksysμfluonaifr dks œi;k lsaV dh 'kh'kh u nsa] mUgsa migkj esa iqLrd nsa] D;ksafd ;gkalkfgR;dkj ifjokj gSAfi mu fe=ksa dh vfeV ;kn :lh Hkk"kk rFkk fganh esa fn, x, eSfDlexksdhZ ds vej miU;kl ^n enj* dh izfr;ka] ,d :lh xzkeksQksu fjdkWMZ vkt Hkh lkfgR;izsfe;ksa dh lkfgR;dkj ifjokj dks nh xbZ fu'kkuh ds :i esa gekjs futh iqLrdky; dhfof'k"V ^oLrq,a* gSaA

ck≈th us vikj ;'k izkIr fd;kA lkfgR;osŸkk] f'k{kd] O;oLFkkid] 'kksËk&ikj[kh ds:i esa fganh dk gj lqfËk fo}ku~ muls ifjfpr gSA esjh csVh vkLFkk us muls ,d ckj iwNk]flukukth] vkidh lQyrk ds ihNs dkSu gS\fi mls yxk] ukukth vius LoxhZ; firk dk ukeysaxs] fdarq og cksys] flesjh lQyrk ds ihNs esjs nks gkFk gSa] ;gh esjs lPps lkFkh gSaAfi

ifjJe dk nwljk uke MkW- Lukrd Hkh gks ldrk gSA muds gkFkksa us lpeqpvFkd dk;Z fd;kA MkW- Lukrd us 30 xzaFkksa dh jpuk dhA mUgksaus Hkkjr esa lokZfËkd'kksËk&izcaËk ijhf{kr fd,A yxHkx 850 ih&,p-Mh- vkSj Mh-fyV~ ds xzaFk tkapsAyxHkx 1]000 ys[k mUgksaus fy[ksA mudk fu;e Fkk fd og fcuk ekaxs i=&if=dkvksadks ys[k ugha nsrs FksA tks if=dk,a ekaxrha] vo'; HkstrsA og vdlj bl ruko esa jgrs Fks fdveqd&veqd ds fy, fy[kuk gS] veqd&veqd ihNs iM+s gSaA eSa muls dgrk Fkk] ^LokLF;nsf[k,] veqd txg fy[kuk t:jh ugha gSA* og dgrs] ^esjs fy,] esjs LokLF; ls igys esjkys[ku gSA*

mudk eu vius f'k";ksa esa [kwc yxrk FkkA f'k";ksa dh fdlh izdkj dh Hkh le`fº mudseu dks ldwu nsrh FkhA og vius f'k";ksa dh lwph fxuokrs le; xoZ ls Qwy mBrs Fks] mudhmiyfCËk;ka og viuh le>rs FksA og MkW- ujsaÊ dksgyh] Jh ckyLo:i jkgh] izks- fot;dqekj eygks=k] MkW- deyfd'kksj xks;udk] MkW- lqjs'k Ωrqi.kZ] MkW- tuknZu f}osnh] MkW-jke'kj.k xkSM+] MkW- œ".knŸk ikyhoky] MkW- fnfod jes'k] MkW- izse tuest;] MkW- euksgjyky] MkW- lqjs'k ËkhaxM+k] Jh izrki lgxy] Jherh oh.kk esgrk] Jh 'kSysaÊ esgrk vkfn viuslq;ksX; f'k";ksa ds uke vdlj fxuokus yxrs FksA

lu~ 1996&97 esa mUgsa fganh vdkneh (fnYyh) dk ^'kykdk lEeku* rFkk m-iz- fganhlaLFkku dk loksZPp lEeku ^Hkkjr&Hkkjrh* izkIr gq, FksA laLFkku dk lEeku ysus mUgsa y[ku≈tkuk FkkA mUgksaus r; fd;k fd ifjokj ds lc lnL; pysaxs] fdarq tc pyus dk le; vk;k]laHkor% ;g lkspdj fd 'kk;n lHkh dks ys tkuk dgha NksVkiu gS] og lcdks ysdj ugha x;sA

8 tuojh] 1997 dks eSa 50 o"kZ dk gksus okyk FkkA og y[ku≈ tkus ls iwoZ eq>s dg jgsFks fd lkfgR;dkjksa dh lwph cuk yks] rqEgkjs tUefnu ij lcdks nkor nsuh gSA eSaus fuosnufd;k] flck≈th] vkidks iqjLdkj fey jgk gS] mls lsfyczssV djsaxsAfi 'kkyhurko'k og ,slkugha pkgrs Fks] esjs tUefnu dk vk;kstu bl iz;kstu dks iw.kZ dj jgk FkkA y[ku≈ ls Hkhmudk Qksu vk;k fd lwph 50 dh ugha] 100 rd dh cuk ysukA [kpsZ dh fpark er djukA


fofËk dk foËkku fdruk nqHkkZX;iw.kZ Fkk fd mu fnuksa esjs vkReh; fe=] fo}ku~ ys[kdMkW- euksgjyky e`R;q ls tw> jgs FksA ,sls esa eSa vius tUefnu dks ;kn Hkh dSls dj ldrkFkk\ lks tUefnu ugha eukA ck≈th dks euksgj vfrfiz; FksA mUgksaus dgk] fleuksgj vPNk gkstk,xk] bl [kq'kh esa dqN djsaxsA* ysfdu euksgj pyk x;kA ck≈th dh vka[kksa esa cgqr devoljksa ij vJq vkrs Fks] mudh vJqiwfjr vka[kksa us xgu nq%[k dh O;Fkk&dFkk lquk nhA

mudh vka[kksa esa vJq eSaus 31 fnlacj] 1987 dks Hkh ns[ks Fks] tc eq>s Hkkjrh; KkuihB}kjk vk;ksftr O;aX; izfr;ksfxrk esa esjh iqLrd ^ckxir ds [kjcwts* dks loZJs"B ?kksf"kr dj^;qok KkuihB iqjLdkj* iznŸk gqvkA og csgn larq"V FksA mUgksaus mlls igys dHkh esjs ys[kudh vfrfjDr iz'kalk ugha dh FkhA ml fnu esjh ihB ij gkFk j[krs gq, mUgksaus dgk] flbldkeryc] vPNk fy[k ysrs gks] vc rqEgsa fy[kuk vk x;kA cgqr yksx vk, Fks] lc tkurs gksaxsfd rqe fy[k ysrs gksAfi

ck≈th ds Li'kZ esa firk dk Li'kZ FkkA esjs firk 32 o"kZ dh vYik;q esa py cls Fks] tceSa dsoy ikap o"kZ dk FkkA eq>s ikyk Fkk esjs lkfgR;dkj nknk ia- f=yksdukFk ^vkt+e* usAnknk vkSj firk ds I;kj dk varj eSaus MkW- Lukrd ls lacaËk tqM+us ij [kkstk FkkA firk :i esack≈th us ys[ku dh fn'kk funsZf'kr dhA lgh vkykspuk dk eeZ le>k;kA vPNh laxfr dhf'k{kk nh] xfrfofËk;ksa ij n`f"V j[khA dSfj;j dks dSls egŸo nsa] izkFkfedrk,a dSls r;djsaμ;g lc vius lk{; ls crk;kA mudh larkuksa esa lkfgfR;d y{k.k dsoy lqËkk esa gSaAvr% eq>esa lkfgR;dkj ns[k muds vkRerks"k dks le>k tk ldrk gSA muds iq= lw;ZdkareSdsfudy rduhd fo'ks"kK gSa rFkk 'kf'kdkar iqLrd izdk'ku foKA ,sls esa eq>s mudkiq=or~ gksuk mUgsa Hkh dgha larks"k nsrk FkkA

14 flracj] 1998A mudh e`R;q ds nks ekg iwoZ nsgjknwu esa MkW- fnus'k peksyk us MkW-Lukrd dks eq[; vfrfFk ds :i esa cqyk;k FkkA fganh fnol dk ;g HkO; lekjksg isV™ksfy;elaLFkku ds lkStU; ls FkkA eq>s Hkh ,d oDrk ds :i esa vkeaf=r fd;k x;k FkkA tks ge nksuksadk lacaËk tkurs Fks] os eq>s blfy, vkeaf=r djrs Fks] rkfd eSa ck≈th dks lqfoËkkiwoZd ys tkldwa] yk ldwaA tks ugha tkurs Fks] ogka ge ;g lacaËk ugha crkrs Fks] bldk ,d vyx rjg dkvkuan ge nksuksa ysrs FksA nsgjknwu esa MkW- peksyk dks ;g lacaËk ekywe gks x;k Fkk D;ksafdck≈th dh rch;r cgqr [kjkc gks xbZ FkhA fganh dh fLFkfr ij mUgksaus ikSus nks ?kaVs dkO;k[;ku fn;k Fkk rFkk eap ij gh LokLF; fcxM+ x;k FkkA ml gkyr esa Hkh ck≈th viuslacksËku rFkk O;ogkj ls flº ugha djuk pkgrs Fks fd esjk muls ikfjokfjd lacaËk gSA tcrch;r dkcw esa vkbZ] fouksn ls cksys] flgjh'k] ;gka rks lcdks irk py x;k] vc rks rqEgkjhcqjkbZ eq>ls vkSj esjh rqels ugha dj ldrsAfi

fouksnfiz;rk] O;aX; dh vn~Hkqr {kerk ml izR;qRiUuefr;qDr fo}ku~ O;fDr esa FkhA ogO;aX;'kkL= dk igyk vH;kl fy[k pqds Fks] rHkh lkfgR; vdkneh ds bfrgkl okyk dk;Z


vk x;kA og mls iw.kZ djus esa vius ,d vU; fiz; f'k"; Jh gjhaÊ dqekj ds lkFk O;Lr gksx,A ,sls esa fganh O;aX; dh gkfu ;g gks xbZ fd tks iqjksokd~ mUgksaus rS;kj fd;k] og ogha #dx;kA fganh O;aX;kykspu ifjiDo ugha gS] ,sls esa mldh deh dh iwfrZ dh fpark gekjh ih<+h dsO;aX;dkjksa dks jgh gS] og vHkh Hkh jgsxhA

---dfe;ka rks cgqr jgsaxhA mudk vk'khokZn rks jgsxk] ij jkLrk dkSu lq>k,xk\ geck≈th ds brus vH;Lr gks x, Fks fd dqN Hkh] dSlh Hkh fLFkfr gksxhμck≈th rks gSaA 24uoacj] 1998 dks lsaV LVhQal vLirky esa ml egkekuo dh e`R;q gks xbZA ekywe Fkk fd ogugha jgsaxs] dksbZ ugha jgk gSA og 86 o"kZ ds Fks] thou ls larq"V FksA muds nksuksa iq=vkthfodk vtZu dj jgs gSa] iqf=;ka Hkh mŸke thou O;rhr dj jgh gSa] fdarq mudktkuk csgn [kykA lqËkk us e`R;q ls dqN fnu igys gh muls dgk Fkk] flesjs iklvkidh fy[kh lkjh iqLrdsa ugha gSaA eq>s ^jkËkkoYyHk laiznk;* iqLrd rks nhft,ftlls vkidh [;kfr cuuh vkjaHk gqbZAfi iqLrd rks mUgksaus ns nh] ij ,d vthclh jgL;e;h eqLdku vkSj Hkafxek ds lkFkA og Hkafxek D;ksa Fkh] ;g le> esa vk;kmudh e`R;q ds cknA dgka rks lqËkk muls ,d iqLrd ekax jgh Fkh vkSj dgka ck≈th us mldsuke viuk iwjk iqLrdky; gh dj fn;kA

ftl xkao esa ck≈th dk tUe gqvk] ogka ds dqN fuoklh ,d feuh cl esa fnYyh vk,rFkk lwpuk nh fd os xkao esa ck≈th ds uke ls baVj dkWyst [kksysaxs] mudh ewfrZ yxsxhAmlds fy, os ck≈th ds QksVks ysdj x,A ck≈th dh e`R;q ds ckn ,d ds ckn ,d bruh'kksd lHkk,a gqb± fd vk'p;Z gqvkA vusd lHkkvksa esa eSa Hkh oDrk ds :i esa fnYyh esa 'kkfeygqvkA lSdM+ksa laLFkkvksa ds 'kksd&i= vkSj 'kksd&izLrko vk,A cM+kSr ds ftl dkWyst esack≈th us dqN ekg i<+k;k Fkk rFkk foxr~ 40 o"kks± ls og ogka ugha x, Fks] ml dkWyst esavodk'k ?kksf"kr gqvkA iapdwyk fLFkr ftl tSu laLFkku esa vYi le; ds fy, ck≈th jgs]ogka Hkh NqV~Vh ?kksf"kr gqbZA fnYyh fo'ofo|ky; ds ftl lcls cM+s foHkkx] fganh foHkkx dsvË;{k ck≈th jgs] og vkt Hkh mUgsa ;kn djrk gSA

Lisl vkSj Vkbe dk flºkar ;fn O;ogkj esa vk tk,] eSa foxr dh rkt ,Dlizsl dh;k=k ck≈th ds lkFk nksckjk djuk pkgwaxk] rkfd eSa dqN vkSj [kqy ldwa] f[ky ldwa vkSjHkkjrh; euh"kk ds izrhd iq#"k ls lkFkZd thuk lh[k ldwaA

qqq

ys[kd fganh lkfgR; ds izfrf"Br O;aX;dkj gSaA os fganw dkWyst ds fganh foHkkxkË;{k jgs] ^bafM;k VqMs* (fganh) dslkfgR; lykgdkj vkSj ,u-Mh-Vh-oh- ds Hkh fganh dk;Zÿe ijke'kZnkrk jgsA lEizfr fnYyh esa jgdj Lora= ys[kuA


MkW-fot;sUÊ Lukrdth esjs fy, ,d cgqr izsjdO;fDrRo ds :i esa lkeus vk,A muds fopkj

vkSj vuqHko ds {ks= esa mudh jpukvksa ds ekË;e ls rks yacsvjls ls izsj.kk feyrh gh jgh gS] fdarq muds fparu vkSjvuqHko dk eq>s tks ykHk gqvk] og thou&Hkj esjs lkFkjgsxkA

MkW- Lukrd ,sls Lusge;h O;fDrRo ds Ëkuh Fks ftulsesjs thou ds dbZ vË;k; ,d lkFk tqM+ x,A ,d vksjvuqlaËkku&dk;Z esa izo`Ÿk gksus ij fo"k; dh ubZ lw>cw>feyh] rks nwljh vksj thou ds ekxZ ij dBksj ifjJe djusdh izsj.kkA mUgksaus izFke HksaV esa gh eq>ls dgk Fkkμflthou esadHkh gkj er ekuks] thou ls la?k"kZ djksAfi mUgksaus viusthou ds la?k"kZ ds tks o`Ÿkkar eq>s lquk,] mUgsa lqudj esjk‚n; dkai mBkA ikap o"kZ dk ,d ckyd pkj ehy iSnypydj fo|ky; tkrk vkSj dHkh gkj ugha ekurkA xq#dqyds dfBu fu;eksa esa caËkdj f'k{kk&xzg.k djuk vkSj xq#dqyls Lukrd mikfËk izkIr dj iqu% Lukrd rFkk LukrdksŸkjmikfËk izkIr djuk] de lkgl dk dk;Z ugha gSA muds thouds ,sls vusd la?k"kZiw.kZ {k.kksa ds ckjs esa eSaus muls lqukA ;slHkh vuqHko eq>s thou ls la?k"kZ djus dh yxkrkj izsj.kk nsrsjgs gSaA

MkW- Lukrd ls tks nwljh izsj.kk eq>s feyh] og gS^thou esa viuh xyrh dks Lohdkj djus dhA ;fn thouesa dqN djuk gS rks viuh Hkwy dks Lohdkj dj yks] u fdml Hkwy dks viuk vge eku yksA thou esa O;fDr dksvius ij vkRefo'okl gksuk vko';d gS] fdarq og brukvfËkd ugha fd viuh lhek yka?kdj bfr ij igqap tk,aA*

esjs thou esa tks muds okD; izsj.kklzksr cus] mUgsa viusvkus okys le; esa iFk&izn'kZd :i esa viukus dh dksf'k'k

e'kfojk

gkj er ekuks]la?k"kZ djksμMkW- gjhaÊ dqekj

MkW- Lukrd ls tks nwljh izsj.kkeq>s feyh] og gS ^thou esaviuh xyrh dks Lohdkjdjus dhA ;fn thou esa dqNdjuk gS rks viuh Hkwy dksLohdkj dj yks] u fd mlHkwy dks viuk vge eku yksAthou esa O;fDr dks vius ijvkRefo'okl gksuk vko';dgS] fdarq og bruk vfËkd ughafd viuh lhek yka?kdj bfrij igqap tk,aA*esjs thou esa tks muds okD;izsj.kklzksr cus] mUgsa vius vkusokys le; esa iFk&izn'kZd:i esa viukus dh dksf'k'kd:axkA bruk bZekunkj vkSjfu"Bkiw.kZ O;fDrRo viukcuk ik≈a] blds fy, mudsthou ds vuqHkoksa ls izsj.kkysrk jgk gwa] ysrk jgwaxkA


d:axkA bruk bZekunkj vkSj fu"Bkiw.kZ O;fDrRo viuk cuk ik≈a] blds fy, muds thou dsvuqHkoksa ls izsj.kk ysrk jgk gwa] ysrk jgwaxkA

lpeqp] os esjs izsjd O;fDr Fks] ftUgsa ^Ωf"k* dh laKk nh tk ldrh gSA eSaus ik;k Fkkfd muesa fy[kus&i<+us ds vfrfjDr dksbZ O;lu ugha FkkA og fdlh Hkh izdkj ds u'ks lsdkslksa nwj FksA dHkh Hkh mUgksaus fdlh Hkh dk;Z ds fy, u fj'or yh vkSj u gh nhA oglR;fiz; vkSj Li"Voknh FksA eSa muds lgk;d ds :i esa dke djrs gq, vR;ar fudV vkx;k FkkA muls eSaus thou dh okLrfod f'k{kk xzg.k dhA thou esa dc] D;k] dSls djuk gS];s lc mUgha ls lh[k ldk gwaA ,sls xq#oj dks iz.kkeA

qqq

ys[kd ^dYikar* ds lg&lEiknd jgs gSaA eË;dky ds lkfgR; ij mudh nks iqLrdsa pfpZr gSaA lEizfrfnYyh fo'ofo|ky; ds fganw dkWyst esa ,lksfl,V izksQslj gSaA

yxkoekrk th ds jgrs nwljk dksbZ Hkh ckcw th ds dejs dks ugha >kM+rk&cqgkjrk FkkA mudh fdl

pht dks dgk° j[kuk gS] ogh tkurh FkhaA tc ls ekrk th LoxZ flËkkjh gSa] jek gh mudk dejkcqgkjrh gSA bËkj] ,d ckr us jek dk Ë;ku dbZ fnuksa ls viuh vksj vkdf"kZr dj j[kk gSA ,d vksjdks j[k nh xbZ vEekth dh <qyeqy&lh iqjkuh elun dks LVksj ls fudkydj ckcw th us vius iyaxij nhokj ds lgkjs j[k fy;k gSA vius dejs esa vc os dqlhZ ij de] iyax ij elun ls ihBfVdkdj T;knk cSBs utj vkus yxs gSaA flihB esa nnZ gks rks vkids fy, ^ewo* e°xk n°w ckcw th\fi jekus ekSdk ikdj ,d 'kke muls iwNkA

flvjs ughafi os cksys] flnnZ&mnZ dqN ugha gS---bls rks eSa ,sls gh mBk yk;k gw° LVksj lsAfiflbuls dgdj u;k elun e°xok nw° cktkj ls\ T;knk vkjkenk;d jgsxkAfi mlus iqu% iwNkA

flvjs ugha cgwfi os bl ckj lhËkk cSBrs gq, cksys] fldgk u] Hkyk&paxk gw°Afimlds ckn jek us muls dqN ugha dgkA vycŸkk ifr dks Qksu djds ^ewo* dh ,d NksVh

V~;wc ysrs vkus dks t:j dg fn;kA og ys vk;kAflfdlds fy, pkfg, Fkh\fi V~;wc dks iRuh ds gkFk esa idM+krs gq, jfo us iwNkAflckcwth dh dej esa nnZ gS 'kk;nAfi og cksyh] flmudh est ij j[k vkrh gw°A t:jr le>saxs

rks yxkrs jgsaxsAfi bruk dgdj og ckcw th ds dejs dh vksj c<+ xbZA dejs esa dne j[krs gh] ckgjls iM+rs gYds izdk'k esa mlus ns[kk] fljgkus ls ihB yxk, ckcw th iyax ij cSBs gSaA elun mudhxksn esa j[kh gSA mudh vk°[ksa eq°nh gSa vkSj vk°lqvksa dh vfojy Ëkkjk muls cg jgh gSA qqq

,e&70] uohu 'kkgnjk] fnYyh&110032A laidZ % 08826499115

y?kqdFkk

μcyjke vxzoky


vkt 16 uoacj] 1998 gSA ofj"B lkfgR;dkj MkW-fot;sUÊ Lukrd ,d ekg 6 fnu ckn 87 o"kZ ds gks

tk,axsA dqN eghuksa ls chekjh us mUgsa cqjh rjg ?ksjk gqvk gSA

brus izflº vkSj fo}ku~ Jh fot;sUÊ dks fiNys 18lkyksa ls ns[k jgh gwaA eq>s mUgsa cgqr djhc ls ns[kus dkvolj feyk] D;ksafd lkSHkkX; ls og esjs vknj.kh; ukukthgSaA

cpiu dk bruk vfËkd dqN ;kn ugha] fQj Hkh tcrhu&pkj lky dh Fkh] rc ls rks ;kn gh gSA blfy, eq>sdguk pkfg, fd 15 o"kks± ls mUgsa ns[k jgh gwaA mu iaÊg o"kks±esa cgqr&dqN ns[kus dks feykA eq>s ;kn gS] tc eSa cgqr NksVhFkh] rks iwjs ?kj esa mudk jkSc FkkA eSaus 'kk;n ^ueLrs* ds ckndHkh Mj vkSj vknj ds dkj.k muls ckr gh ugha dh FkhA

vtesj ls gekjh ekSlh ds cPps vkrs Fks] rks ge Hkhukukth ds ?kj tkrs FksA ukukth vfËkdrj xks"Bh] jsfM;ks] Vh-oh- vkSj lHkkvksa esa O;Lr jgrs FksA tSls gh og vkrs Fks] gekjkgqYyM+ lekIr gks tkrk vkSj lc 'kkar gks ihNs okys dejksa esapys tkrsA

fQj eSa NqfV~V;ksa esa ukuh ds ?kj jgus tkrhA ekek dscPpksa ds lkFk [kwc [ksyrhA nksigj] 'kke] jkr cl [ksyrh ghjgrh] yM+rh&>xM+rh Hkh FkhA dHkh&dHkh nksigj dks ukukthdh xqLls ls Hkjh vkokt vkrh] rks [ksy can djuk iM+rk FkkA

ukukth dks ?kj ls ys tkus ds fy, xkfM+;ka vk;kdjrh FkhaA VsyhQksu Hkh dsoy mUgsa dgha&u&dgha lEesyubR;kfn esa cqykus ds fy, gh vkrs FksA bu lcdk izHkko esjsuUgsa eu ij vR;fËkd iM+rk FkkA eSa tc Hkh muds ?kj tkrh]eq>s ;gh jgrk Fkk fd ukukth esjs ckjs esa dqN dgsaA eSavius&vkidks cgqr gh vPNk cukus yxrh muds lkeusA

Le`fr

fy[kus dkscgqr dqN gS---

μMkW- vkLFkk uoy

ukukth dks fganh vdknehdk ^'kykdk lEeku* feykvk Sj fQj y[ku≈ es a^Hkkjr&Hkkjrh* iqjLdkjfeykA v[kckjks a es a ukevk;k] ppkZ gqbZ] cgqr vPNkyxk] D;ksafd dgha&u&dghamuds lkFk esjk uke Hkh rkstqM+k gqvk gS vkSj ;g lkspdjvkSj vuqHko dj cgqr ghlq[kn yxkA ukukth dksfiNys brus lkyksa ls blh rjgO;Lr ns[kkA vfËkdrj viusiqLrdky; esa cSBdj fy[krsFksA mUgksaus gh eq>s fganh vkWulZdjus dks izsfjr fd;kAbrus o"kZ ls] cpiu ls gh ftlO;fDr dks lnk blh rjgO;Lr vkSj bruh utnhd lsns[kk gks] rks mls fdlh ijvkfJr vkSj fujk'k ns[kdjcgqr gh mnklh dk Hkko vkrkgSA gky gh esa eSa n'kgjk dhNqfV~V;ksa esa jk.kkizrki ckxxbZA


eq>s ;kn gS] tc ,d ckj NqfV~V;ksa esa muds ?kj xbZA ukukth us eEeh dks dgkμflvjs]vkLFkk vk jgh gS] vc rks gqM+nax gksxk ?kj esaAfi eq>s bruk cqjk yxk fd igys fnu rks eSa ogkatkdj [ksyh gh ughaA ,d fnu gh Lo;a dks la;fer j[kuk ,d cPps ds fy, cgqr dfBu FkkA

eSaus eEeh ls Hkh f'kdk;rh Loj esa dgk Fkk fd vcls eSa ogka dHkh ugha tk≈axhA [kSj!mlds ckn rks Hkwy&Hkky xbZμirk ugha] vkt vpkud vius cpiu dh ;kn dSls vk xbZA

ukukth ds gj tUefnu ij ,d gou gksrk ns[kk gS cpiu lsA ml gou esa ifjokj dslHkh lnL; vkeaf=r fd, tkrs gSaA eq>s vkSj rks dqN fo'ks"k ugha yxrk Fkk cpiu esa bu gouksads ckjs esaA cl] ;g Fkk fd lHkh ifjokjtu ds lkFk QksVks [khaph tkrh FkhA gou dh ijaijkvc Hkh dk;e gS] QksVks dh HkhA eq>s gou ds rhu&pkj ea= ;kn gksrs FksA tc oscksys tkrs] eSa cM+s mRlkg ls cksyrh vkSj lqurhA rc vdlj lkjk Ë;ku lkexzhfxjkus vkSj ukukth ij Qwy Mkyus ij gh gksrk FkkA

esjk cpiu ukuh ds vkaxu esa vc Hkh fdydkfj;ka ekj jgk gSA yaxM+h Vkax]≈ap&uhp] bykfLVd] fVih&fVih VkWi] idM+e&idM+kbZ vkSj u tkus D;k&D;k---A

vc Hkh ml vkaxu esa tkdj [ksyus dk gh eu djrk gS] cl tjk [ksy cPpksa okyk ujgdj cSMfeaVu gks x;k gSA eSa ogka jgus tk≈a vkSj [ksywa ugha] cM+k vViVk vkSj vËkwjk&lkyxrk gSA

tc eSa NBoha&lkroha esa vkbZ vkSj phtksa dks eglwl djus yxh] dfork fy[kus yxh]cpiuk x;k ugha] cpius ds&ls loky mBus yxs eu esa] rc igyh vkSj 'kk;n vkf[kjh ckjukukth dks fpV~Bh fy[khA fy[k rks nh] irk Hkh fy[k fn;k] ij iksLV djus dh gh fgEer ughagqbZA cgqr cpdkuk&lk yx jgk Fkk] D;ksafd eSa vius&vkidks cgqr cM+k ekuus yxh FkhA

cgqr fnuksa rd og fpV~Bh esjs ikl gh jghA ,d fnu eEeh ds gkFk yxh rks og i<+djcgqr gh Hkkoqd gks xb± vkSj eq> ij cgqr gh I;kj vk;k mUgsa] D;ksafd bruh NksVh gksdj cgqrcM+s&cM+s ls loky iwNs Fks mlesaA og fpV~Bh ukukth rd igqap xbZA mUgksaus i<+h] esjh ihBFkiFkikbZ vkSj dqN vPNs okD; esjs gsrq dgsA eSa cgqr izlUu gqbZ] fdarq ml fpV~Bh dk tokcvkt rd ugha feykA

eq>s cgqr fnuksa rd ukukth ds tokc dk bartkj jgk] ij fQj mudh O;Lrrk ns[k eq>sle> esa vk x;k fd 'kk;n tokc dHkh ugha feysxk] D;ksafd ,d NksVs cPps dks ;g crkuk fdthou esa nq%[k D;ksa gS] Hkz"Vkpkj D;ksa gSμ;g cgqr dfBu gSA

ukukth dks ^dYikar* v[kckj dh vksj ls iqjLdkj feyk] eq>s ikik us dgk dforkfy[kus dksμfy[kh] dYikar* esa Nihμtc iqjLdkj lekjksg gqvk rks mlesa lHkh lH; tu dsle{k [kM+s gks lqukbZ HkhA ukukth us 'kkck'kh nhA

^lH; tu* ls ;kn vk;k fd tc Jh 'kadj n;ky 'kekZ th mijk"V™ifr Fks] rc muds?kj esa ukukth dk 75oka tUefnu euk;k x;k FkkA 'kadj n;kyth ls ukukth dh fe=rk gSA lks


75oka tUefnu ^tkx`fr eap* ds lg;ksx ls mijk"V™fr ds fuokl LFkku ij gqvkA ,dlkfgfR;d dk;Zÿe Hkh gqvkA mlesa lHkh tkudkjksa] fj'rsnkjksa dks cqyk;k x;k FkkA ge cgqrlkjs cPpksa us feydj [kwc vkuan fd;kA rc cgqr T;knk vglkl gks jgk Fkk fd ukukthfdrus cM+s O;fDrRo gSaA Jh 'kadj n;kyth dks ns[kk] muds gLrk{kj Hkh fy;sμfdlh dkxtijA fQj u tkus dgka [ksy&dwn esa [kks x;kA rc eSa dsoy vkB o"kZ dh Fkh] blfy,lkfgfR;d dk;Zÿe ds vfrfjDr [ksy esa vkSj BaMk ihus esa gh #fp FkhA

ijarq tc ^dYikar* us iqjLœr fd;k rks eSa lkfgfR;d dk;Zÿe esa #fp ysrh FkhA cgqrgh vPNk yxk Fkk lquuk] D;ksafd lHkh cksy jgs Fks vkSj vPNk cksy jgs Fks vkSj lcls cM+h ckr;g Fkh fd esjs ukukth ds ckjs esa cksy jgs FksA lqu&lqudj gh xkSjo dk vuqHko gks jgk FkkA

ukukth viuh Hkkoqdrk dks dHkh izdV ugha gksus nsrsA ;fn dqN cgqr iz'kaluh; fdlhus fd;k gS] rks mlds eqag ij T;knk iz'kalk ugha djsaxsA ckn esa iz'kalk vo'; djsaxsA blfy,ukukth us ftl fnu igyh ckj iz'kalk djrs gq, esjh ihB FkiFkikbZ Fkh] og fnu eq>s ;kn gSA

8 Qjojh] 1993 dk fnu esjs fy, vfoLej.kh; gS] D;ksafd rc igyh ckj eSaus eap ijviuh dfork i<+h Fkh vkSj tSls esjs ikik dks vkSj ofj"B dfotuksa dks Le`fr&fp feyk Fkk]oSlk gh eq>s Hkh esjk uke ml ij fy[kk gqvk feyk FkkA

rc ukukth us esjh ihB FkiFkikbZ FkhA eq>s cgqr&dqN fey x;k Fkk ml fnuA Ëkhjs&ËkhjseSa fy[kus yxh] cgqr&dqN eSa eEeh dks lqukrh vkSj eEeh ukukth dksA u, lky ij ,d NksVhlh dfork fy[kh *96 esaA ukukth dks uoo"kZ dh 'kqHkdkeuk nsrs gq, eEeh us Qksu ij mUgsalqukbZA ukukth us iz'kalk dhA yxk] lky ds igys fnu iz'kalk feyh gS] iwjs lky feysxh vkSjokLro esa ,slk gh dqN gqvk fd lcdh iz'kalk dk ik= cu xbZ eSaA

,sls gh pyrk jgkA eSa dqN&dqN lkaLœfrd dk;Zÿeksa esa fgLlk ysrh jghA gekjsfo|ky; esa okn&fookn izfr;ksfxrk dk vk;kstu fd;k x;k vkSj eq[; vfrfFk ds :i esa MkW-fot;sUÊ Lukrdth dks cqyk;k x;kA

esjs fy, ,d cgqr gh cM+h pqukSrh Fkh fd esjs fo|ky; esa igyh ckj varjfo|ky;okn&fookn izfr;ksfxrk vkSj esjs ukukth eq[; vfrfFk! vius fo|ky; ls foi{kh oDrk ds:i esa vius ukukth ds lkeus [kM+s gksdj izfr;ksfxrk esa cksyuk eq>s cgqr gh dfBu dk;Zizrhr gks jgk FkkA

ifj.kke ?kksf"kr gq,A eq>s loZJs"B oDrk dk iqjLdkj fn;k x;kA ukukth ds djdeyksa }kjk gh eq>s izfr"Bk&i= fn;k x;kA mUgksaus dsoy bruk gh dgkμflgka HkbZ] ys xbZAfimudk bruk dguk vkSj mudh vka[kksa esa vkSj Loj esa xoZ dk >yduk gh esjs fy, cgqr cM+hmiyfCËk FkhA

fQj tc eq>s vf[ky Hkkjrh; fucaËk izfr;ksfxrk esa izFke iqjLdkj feyk] rks lclsigys eSaus ukukth dks gh crk;kA fQj ukukth gekjs ?kj vk, vkSj tc mUgksaus esjk fucaËk lquk


rks cksysμfligys yx jgk Fkk fd gjh'k us u fy[k fn;k gks] ij lquus ds ckn fo'okl gks x;kfd vkLFkk gh us fy[kk gS] D;ksafd brus cky&vuqHko u rks gjh'k fy[k ldrk gS vkSj u gh eSaxkaËkh ij bl rjg fy[k ldrk gwaAfi

esjs fy, ;g fo'okl djuk fd esjs dkuksa us tks lquk] og lR; gSμ cgqr gh dfBu FkkAcgqr gh iw.kZ&iw.kZ lk vglkl gqvk Fkk rc vkSj vkt Hkh Lej.k djds gks jgk gSA

ukukth dks fganh vdkneh dk 'kykdk lEeku* feyk vkSj fQj y[ku≈ esa Hkkjr&Hkkjrh*iqjLdkj feykA v[kckjksa esa uke vk;k] ppkZ gqbZ] cgqr vPNk yxk] D;ksafd dgha&u&dghamuds lkFk esjk uke Hkh rks tqM+k gqvk gS vkSj ;g lkspdj vkSj vuqHko dj cgqr gh lq[knyxkA ukukth dks fiNys brus lkyksa ls blh rjg O;Lr ns[kkA vfËkdrj viusiqLrdky; esa cSBdj fy[krs FksA mUgksaus gh eq>s fganh vkWulZ djus dks izsfjr fd;kA

brus o"kZ ls] cpiu ls gh ftl O;fDr dks lnk blh rjg O;Lr vkSj bruhutnhd ls ns[kk gks] rks mls fdlh ij vkfJr vkSj fujk'k ns[kdj cgqr gh mnklhdk Hkko vkrk gSA gky gh esa eSa n'kgjk dh NqfV~V;ksa esa jk.kkizrki ckx xbZA dHkh Hkhogka tkdj eq>s fujk'kk ugha gqbZ] ftruh vcdh ckj gqbZA

og O;fDr tks dHkh fdlh ij vkfJr ugha gqvk] og O;fDr vc vius ugkus rd dsfy, Lo;a ugha mB ldrkA

ys[ku esa gh mUgksaus viuk thou O;rhr fd;k gS vkSj vc og Lo;a fy[k ugha ikrsAmUgsa ns[kdj gesa ihM+k rks gksrh gh gS] mu ij D;k chrrh gksxhμ;g lksp jksaxVs [kM+s gks tkrs gSaA

,d fnu muls dchj ds ckjss esa ppkZ dj jgh Fkh] og eq>s i<+k jgs FksA og ysVs gq, FksvkSj eSa lkFk gh fcLrj ij cSBh FkhA eSau cksyrh Fkh vkSj og eq>s vFkZ le>krs FksA vxys fnudqN ladksp djrs gq, mUgksaus eq>ls iwNk] flD;k ,d i= fy[kksxh lkse dks\fi (lkse mudhcgu dk uke gS)

dqN fnu iwoZ gh mudh ,d vkSj cgu œ".kkth Hkh ogka jgdj xbZ Fkha] cgqr izlUu gq,Fks muls feydjA eq>ls i= fy[kokus yxs vkSj Ng i`"B dh fpV~Bh ds ckn dgkμflfy[kusdks rks cgqr&dqN gS] ij cspkjh vkLFkk Hkh fy[krs&fy[krs Fkd xbZ gSA blfy, vc fy[kuklekIr djrk gwaAfi mUgksaus ml fpV~Bh ds ekË;e ls viuk cpiu of.kZr fd;kA

mudh gj ckr esa muds firkth dk ftÿ gksrk gSA ml fnu ls igys eSaus dHkh ukukthdks ,slk ugha ns[kk Fkk fd og Hkkoqd gks tk,a_ viuk cpiu] xkao] eka] HkkbZ&cgu dks ;kn djsaAeq>s ,sls ns[k vk'p;Z gks jgk Fkk] D;ksafd og esjs lkeus lnk MkW- fot;sUÊ Lukrdμ,d egku~lkfgR;dkj ds :i esa gh jgsA

eSa lqcg dkWyst tkrh vkSj tc vkdj mUgsa ^ueLrs* dgrh] rc ,dne esjk gkFk idM+ysrsA igys iwNrs] fl;s dkSu&dkSu gS HkbZ\fi tc crkrh fd vkLFkk gwa] rks izlUu Loj esa dgrs]


flvk xbZ HkbZ vk xbZA ueLrsA vkLFkk gS] eSaus igpkuk gh ughaAfi tc og ,sls dgrs] eq>s nq%[kvuqHko gksrk] ij lkFk gh dgha ,slk ,glkl gksrk fd og esjs vkus ls fdrus izlUu gSaA

,d fnu ;ksa gh ckr djrs eSaus muls iwN fy;k] ^ukukth] vki vius bl lQy thoudk Js; fdls nasxs\* eSa vius eu esa lksp jgh Fkh fd vius firkth dk uke ysaxsA fQj eq>syxk fd ,slk mŸkj rks gj dksbZ nsxkA ns[krh gwa fd ukukth D;k dgrs gSa\

FkksM+h nsj lkspus ds ckn og cksys] flvius vkRefo'okl vkSj ifjJe dksAfi eSa LrCËk jgxbZA ;fn vkRefo'okl gksxk rks nwljs Hkh vius vki geesa ;k ge ij fo'okl djsaxs vkSj fQjdkSu ugha tkurk fd ifjJe ds fcuk dksbZ Hkh oLrq ugha fey ldrhA cgqr gh lPph ckr gSA

fdlh vkSj dk gkFk gekjh rjDdh esa gks ldrk gS] ijarq fQj Hkh tks ge gkfly djrs gSa;k curs gSa] og vius vkRefo'okl vkSj ifjJe ls ghA

NqfV~V;ka [kRe gks xb±A esjk eu gqvk fd ukukth ds ikl gh jg tk≈a vkSj jkst mulsfu;fer :i ls i<wa vkSj ckrsa d:aA esjs ,d i= fy[kus ls og brus izlUu gks x, fd tksvkrk] mls crkrs fd blus esjh fpV~Bh fy[kh] cgqar dke djrh gS esjkA

bruk cnyko ukukth esa ns[k cM+k vk'p;Z gksrk Fkk] D;ksafd dHkh Hkh mUgsa bruk HkkoqdvkSj detksj ugha ns[kkA ges'kk ,d fLFkj] vfMx O;fDr ds :i esa gh ns[kkA vkSj vc,dne gh mUgsa Hkhrj vkSj ckgjμnksuksa ls gh detksj ns[kdj eu dks vPNk ugha yxrkAyxrk gS ekuks!---ekuks irk ugha] ysfdu bruk tkurh gwa fd vPNk ugha yxrkA

vktdy ukukth vLirky esa gSaA irk ugha] thou ls yM+ jgs gSa ;k e`R;q ls tw> jgs gSaAHkxoku~ djs] og LoLFk gks tk,aA cqtqxks± ds vk'kh"k vkSj vk'khokZn ls gh ?kj pyrk gSA esjsvuqHko muds lkFk cgqr de gSaA vHkh eSa muls vkSj vfËkd lh[kuk pkgrh gwa] rkfd mudsinfp ksa ij pydj FkksM+k&lk LFkku viuk cuk ldwaA Hkxoku~ mUgsa tYnh Bhd djsaA---

---ysfdu tks fu;fr dks eatwj Fkk] ukukth ugha jgsA le; chrrk jgk] ukukth dhLe`fr;ka ËkqaËkyh gksus ds ctk; vkSj vfËkd mHkjrh jghaA eSaus ih&,p-Mh- dj yh] baÊizLFkdkWyst ds ckn fejk.Mk gkml esa i<+kus yxhA i<+krs le; ukukth }kjk nh xbZ f'k{kk vkSj nh{kkcgqr dke vkbZA Nk=kvksa ij esjk izHkko iM+us yxk] tks okLro esa esjk ugha ukukth dk Fkk]ftudh ;knsa vfeV gSaA 2006 esa esjh 'kknh gks xbZ vkSj eSa fookg i'pkr vejhdk vk xbZA

;gka Hkh fganh i<+krh gwa] fganh dh xksf"B;ksa esa tkrh gwaA fganh if=dkvksa] jsfM;ks] Vh-oh- lstqM+h gwaA ;gka Hkh esjs izsjd ukukth gSaA fganh ds ys[kd] vË;kid lHkh mUgsa tkurs gSa] mUgha }kjkiznŸk 'kSyh eq>s esjk ekxZ iz'kLr djrh gSA ---eSa ukukth dks cgqr fel djrh gwaA

qqq

ysf[kdk fnYyh fo'ofo|ky; ds dkWystksa esa fganh i<+krh jgh gSaA os vc vejhdk esa Hkh fganh gh i<+krh gSaA ,ddof;=h vkSj dgkuhdkj ds :i esa izflº gSaA


,d uotkr f'k'kq ds iSnk gksus ij mlds ukedj.k dhfpark [kM+h gksrh gSA 21 o"kZ igys tc esjk tUe gqvk]

rc Hkh vo'; gh uke ij fopkj fd;k x;k gksxk] ijarq esjsnknk us esjk uke cgqr gh 'kh?kz fuf'pr dj fn;kA esjs HkkbZdk Hkh uke mUgksaus gh j[kkA igyk iksrk FkkA blfy,mldk uke [kq'kh esa bruk fo'kky j[kk x;k fd ogmlds dn ls cM+k FkkA blfy, ^foÿekfnR;* dksNksVk djds ckn esa foÿe dj fn;k x;kA nks o"kZi'pkr~ esjs tUe ij eq>s uke fn;k x;k vijkftrk*AtUe ds ,d&Ms<+ o"kZ ckn tc cksyuk vk;k] eSaus vius ukedk vFkZ iwNuk 'kq: fd;k vkSj fiNys lky rd eSa iwNrhjghA dkj.k ;g ugha Fkk fd eSa Hkwy tkrh Fkh ;k le> ughaikrh Fkh] cfYd ;g Fkk fd vFkZ crkus okys esjs ^nknk* FksAmuds eq[k ls tc xoZ ls lqurh fd dHkh Hkh ijkftr u gksusokyh] lnk fot; ikus okyh] rks vdLekr~ gh eq>s vius&vkiij fo'okl mRiUu gksrk fd gka] ,slk gh gS vkSj gksxk HkhA

?kj esa og lcls cM+s vkSj fo}ku~ Fks] blfy, ?kj dslc lnL; mudk vknj djrs FksA lkfgR; ds {ks= esa tkus&ekusFks vkSj fganh foHkkx (fnYyh fo'ofo|ky;) ds vË;{k jgpqds FksA ^Lukrd lnu* ds ,d dejs dks iqLrdky; dk:i iznku fd;k x;kA bl dejs esa iqLrdsa&gh&iqLrdsa vkSjnknk dh mikfËk;ksa dh ‹k`a[kyk ns[kus dks feyrh gSA eSa ;k ?kjds vU; lnL; bl d{k dks tcls og ;gka Fkk] rc ls ns[kjgs FksA blfy, ;g gesa fdrkcsa] ys[k vkSj iqjLdkj ?kj dk,d fgLlk yxrs FksA vDlj iqLrdky; dh lQkbZ ds le;nknk vkSj eEeh esa [kViV&lh gksrh vkSj [kViV dk eqn~nkgksrk fd ;gka lQkbZ gksxh ;k ughaA eEeh rks ;g lkspdjiqLrdky; lkQ djrha fd ck≈th lkQ&lqFkjh txg ijcSBdj fy[ksa&i<+sa] exj nknk dk dguk Fkk fd rqe lQkbZ

lekiu

,d vkSjfot;sUæ

Lukrd dht:jr !

μvijkftrk Lukrd

^Lukrd lnu* ds ,d dejsdks iqLrdky; dk :i iznkufd;k x;kA bl dejs esaiqLrdsa&gh&iqLrdsa vkSj nknkdh mikfËk;ksa dh ‹k` a[kykns[kus dks feyrh gSA eSa ;k ?kjds vU; lnL; bl d{k dkstcls og ;gka Fkk] rc ls ns[kjgs Fk sA blfy, ;g ges afdrkcsa] ys[k vkSj iqjLdkj ?kjdk ,d fgLlk yxrs FksAvDlj iqLrdky; dh lQkbZds le; nknk vkSj eEeh esa[kViV&lh gksrh vkSj [kViVdk eqn~nk gksrk fd ;gka lQkbZgksxh ;k ughaA


er fd;k djks] D;ksafd blls esjs dkxt bËkj&mËkj gks tkrs gSaA lkQ&lQkbZ ij mudh ;g[kViV muds Lusg dh ifjpk;d FkhA iqLrdky; tc Hkh lkQ gksrk Fkk] nknkth Lo;a ghdjrs FksA

e`R;q ds dqN eghus iwoZ nknk detksj vkSj chekj jgus yxs FksA bl chekjh vkSjdetksjh us mudh vkfRed 'kfDr dks de dj fn;k FkkA ^gou*] tks lky esa ikap&Ng ckjfd;k tkrk Fkk] ftlesa og vDlj [kq'kh ls cSBdj 'yksd cksyk djrs Fks] vc rks muesa Hkh ogflj uhps djds cSBus yxs FksA eEeh] cqvk] cPps vkSj u tkus fdrus yksxksa us mUgsa dgk fdck≈th] ≈ij ns[kk dhft,] dqN cksfy,] exj u tkus D;ksa vka[k ewans og nqfu;k ls vyx'kkafr ls cSBs jgrs FksA 1998 esa mUgksaus [kkuk&ihuk NksM+&lk gh fn;k FkkA [kkus ds fy, dgus ijog dgrs] flD;k d:a] [kkuk pkgrs gq, Hkh [kk ugha ikrkAfi bl o"kZ dks mUgksaus viuk vafreo"kZ ?kksf"kr dj fn;k Fkk] fdarq lqudj Hkh ge lc vulquk dj nsrs] D;ksafd dksbZ lksp ughaldrk Fkk fd bruk pqLr vkSj dkedkth vkneh dHkh dye dks NksM+ ldrk gSA ,slk gqvkdqN eghuksa igys] mUgksaus dye mBkuk NksM+ fn;kA ,slk ugha fd fy[kuk ugha pkgrs Fks_ bPNkrks mudh bruh Fkh fd og vHkh ,d vkSj fdrkc fy[k MkysaA

vafre fnuksa esa rks ?kj esa MkWDVjksa dk vkuk&tkuk yxk jgkA fdarq dksbZ Qk;nk u gqvkvkSj LokLF; fujarj fxjrk pyk x;kA 10 fnu igys ls og gks'k esa ugha FksA gj O;fDr mUgsalaHkkyus dk iz;kl djrkA eSa Hkh mUgsa fujarj mBkus dh dksf'k'k djrh vkSj tc Hkh og vka[ksa[kksyrs rks eSa gj ckj iwNrhμfleSa dkSu\fi og galdj cksyus dk iz;kl djrs] ijarq 'kfDr ugksus ds dkj.k dsoy ^vijk* cksydj fQj lks tkrsA eSa bl bPNk ls iwNrh fd nknk iwjk ukeysdj dqN ckr dgsaxs] fdarq ;g ugha gqvkA

gkyr dks ns[k ^t;iqj xksYMu* ls ykdj mUgsa LVhQal ys tk;k x;kA tks lc mudslkFk gks jgk Fkk] og ml ckjs esa dqN ugha tkurs FksA 24 uoacj dks og viuk 'kjhj NksM+x,---

---vc Hkh tc eSa dHkh vius&vkidks vlgk; ikrh gwa] nknk dh vkokt esjs uke dkmuds }kjk crk;k gqvk vFkZ eq>s nkSM+dj vkxs c<+us vkSj lnk thrus ds fy, izsfjr djrk gSA

,d&,d eghuk chrrs&chrrs nknk dks vius ?kj ls x, lksyg o"kZ gksus okys gSaAHkxoku~ us vo'; gh mudh egku~ vkRek dks 'kkafr iznku dh gksxhA ;fn og bl lalkj esavk,a] rks bruk gh vPNk ifjokj ik,a vkSj fQj ls ,d vkSj MkW- fot;sUÊ Lukrd bl jk"V™ dksvkSj ,d vPNk nknk gesa feysa] tks 'kk;n fo'o esa lcls vPNs gksaxsA

eSa vDlj ;g lkspdj vius dks fnyklk nsrh gwa fd og gels vyx gksdj Hkh gelsvyx ugha gq,] D;ksafd og ,d pedrk gqvk flrkjk cudj vius ?kj ds ≈ij jks'kuh djrsjgsaxs] ekxZ fn[kkrs jgsaxsA

esjs nknk esjs thou esa vkn'kZ ds :i esa lkeus jgsA og dsoy ,d fiz; nknk gh ugha]tks jkst jkr dks dgkfu;ka lquk;k djrs Fks] vfirq ,d dq'ky xq# ds :i esa ekxZ Hkh iznf'kZr


djrs jgrs FksA mUgsa ns[kdj lnk eq>s y{; utj vkrk] mudh iz'kalk] mudk in vkSj lclsegŸoiw.kZ muds Kku ds HkaMkj dks ns[kdj u dsoy esjk flj xkSjo ls ≈apk mBrk Fkk] vfirqeSa muls thou esa dqN cuus dh izsj.kk Hkh ikrh FkhA

vc yxrk gS fd nknk ds lkFk ftruk le; xqtkjk] og de FkkA vc rd rks mUgksausgekjh ns[k&js[k dh] vc mudh lsok djus dk oDr Fkk] exj 'kk;n gekjk vkSj mudk lkFk;gha rd FkkA

,slk egkiq#"k vkSj vkRefHkekuh nknk ds fy, dqN 'kCn O;Dr dj jgh gwaμv{kjksa ds cht tkus fdlus cks fn,]fd ikuh nsrs&nsrs fta+nxh xqtkj nhA

qqq

ysf[kdk ;w-,u-vkbZ- esa i=dkj gSaA vkdk'kok.kh ij Hkh lfÿ; gSaA

ukSdjmlus vius vkosnu esaV™kalQj dk dkj.k fy[kk&cqtqxZ ekrk&firk dh lsokFkZAdkj.k mfpr FkkAmldk V™kalQj bfPNr LFkku ij gks x;kA

V™kalQj ds cknogvius ekrk&firk dksvius ?kj ys vk;kA

vkSj---mlds cknmlsdHkh ukSdjksa dh deheglwl ugha gqbZA qqq

61@1] twuk cktkj] eD[kh] ftyk&'kktkaiqj&465106 (eË; izns'k)A laidZ % 09981240575

y?kqdFkk

μv'kksd ^vkuu*


^lkfgR; esa v'yhyrk* dk iz'u vusd ckj] vusd:iksa esa lkfgR;&{ks= esa mBk gS vkSj mu œfr;ksa

ij Hkh bldh oÿ n`f"V iM+h gS] tks fo'o dh lqUnjreœfr;ksa esa fxuh tkrh gSA dsoy ;kSu fp=ksa dk mn~?kkVu ghv'yhyrk ugha gS] v'yhyrk rks vfHk'kIr vkSj R;kT; 'kCnksads iz;ksx esa Hkh ekuh tkrh gSA ozhM+ktud 'kCn] vFkZ] n`';]oLrq vkSj lUnHkZ dks Hkh dkO;'kkfL=;ksa us v'yhyrk dhifjfËk esa j[kk gSA dkO; esa v'yhyrk dks 'kCn vkSj vFkZ dknks"k Lohdkj fd;k x;k gS_ fdUrq egkdkO;] ukVd vkSjmiU;kl ds lok±x thou&o.kZu esa rFkk O;kid vkSj fo'kn;FkkFkZ&fp=.k esa rFkkdfFkr v'yhyrk dks loZrksHkkosu cpk;kHkh tk ldrk gS ;k ugha] ;g fopkj.kh; gSA

esjs lkeus ;g iz'u vkËkqfud lkfgR; rd lhferblfy, gS fd vkËkqfud ;qx esa ;kSu otZukvksa dks LoPNUn:i ls miU;Lr djuk 'kSyh dk vax cu x;k gSA e;kZnkoknhikBd dk fpŸk ;FkkFkZ&o.kZu ds uke ij mn~?kkfVr bu ;kSuizlaxksa ls mf}Xu gksdj v'yhy] v'yk?; vkSj vuSfrd dhiqdkj djus yxrk gSA fdUrq ns[kuk ;g gS fd oLrqr%v'yhyrk dk vfLrRo gksrk dgka gSμo.;Z fo"k; esa]vfHkO;atuk&iºfr esa ;k dykdkj ds eu esa\ vkYMlgDlys us dgk gS fd flflºkar&:i ls euksHkkoks a dhvfHkO;atuk&ek= v'yhy (oYxj) gSA ;fn dksbZ dykdkjvkRekfHkO;atu djrk gS rks og v'yhyrk ls loZFkk eqDrugha jg ldrkAfi fdUrq bl vkËkkj ij ge leLr dykœfr;ksadks v'yhy ?kksf"kr djus dk nqLlkgl ugha djrsA ge ;gns[krs gSa fd ys[kd ;k dfo dh vfHkO;atuk dk izHkkoikBd ds eu ij D;k gksrk gSA D;ksafd ewy fo"k; esa dHkhv'yhyrk ugha gksrh] fo"k; dh miLFkkiu&'kSyh esa v'yhyrk

vkys[k

lkfgR; esav'yhyrk

μfot;sUÊ Lukrd

oLrqr% ;kSu lEcUËkksa ls fyIrizrhd :idksa ds vkËkkj ijlar&dfo;ksa dks v'yhydgus dk lkgl] lkfgR; vkSjËkeZ ds eeZ dks u le>us dkgh izfrQyu gSA ›k;M dhfopkjËkkjk dk vuqlj.k djusokys vkyk spd Hkhlar&dfo;ksa esa bl izo`fŸk dkvuqlaËkku dj ldrs gSa] fdUrqmuds lkfgR; ls ikBd ij tksizHkko LFkk;h :i ls iM+rkgS] mlesa v'yhyrk dk ys'kHkh ugha ik;k tkrkA vr% gedke&izse ds izrhdksa ls ghlar&dfo;k s a dk s dke&oklukvksa ds izpkjd ughaBgjk ldrsA larksa ds eu dhihM+k muds 'kCn&'kCn lsO;aftr gksdj ml Ëkjkry rdigqap tkrh gS] tgka ykSfdddke&okluk dh igqap ugha gSA


jgrh gSA ;kSu lEcUËk vius esa v'yhy ugha dgs tk ldrsA ;kSu lEcUËkksa ij fy[ks x;s xzaFkksadks Hkh lkekU;r%] v'yhyrk dh ifjfËk esa ugha j[kk tkrkA ;kSu euksfoKku vkSj dke'kkL=ij gSoykd ,fyl] esjh LVksIl] ÿk∂+V] ,foax vkfn ds xzaFkksa dks Hkh dksbZ v'yhy ugha dgrk]D;ksafd ;s xzaFk vius ewy mn~ns'; esa xfgZr ugha gSa vkSj budh vfHkO;atuk esa v'yhyRo dhO;atuk ugha ikbZ tkrhA fdUrq vkidks vk'p;Z gksxk fd bu xzaFkksa dks Hkh ,d ckj v'yhy ;kxzkE; le>dj t+Cr dj fy;k x;k FkkA v'yhyrk dk fuËkkZj.k djuk lgt ugha gSA ftlœfr dks ,d ns'k v'yhy dgrk gS] nwljk ns'k viuh ekU;rk ds vkËkkj ij mls lqikB~; vkSj'yhy ekurk gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa #fp&oSfp´; ls dksbZ fu.kZ; ysuk vkSj fdlh œfr dks xzkE;;k v'yhy fLFkj djuk cM+k dfBu gSA oLrqr% uSfrdrk ds lHkh ekun.M lkfgR;ij T;ksa&ds&R;ksa pfjrkFkZ ugha gksrsA lkfgR; uhfr'kkL= dk uke ugha gSA

eSa ,d mnkgj.k nsdj bl ij izdk'k Mkyuk pkgrk gwaA lH; lekt esa'kkjhfjd uXurk v'kksHku ,oa v'yhy ekuh tkrh gSA fdUrq fo'o dh nks Js"Bizkphu laLœfr okys ns'kksaμHkkjro"kZ vkSj ;wukuμesa 'kkjhfjd uXurk dh O;atdvfr lqUnj dykœfr;ka miyCËk gSa] ftUgsa vkËkqfud ;qx esa Hkh dyk&fud"k ij LrqR; ekuktkrk gSA mu dykœfr;ksa dh uXurk ij v'yhyrk dk vkjksi yxkus okys Hkh gks ldrs gSa]fdUrq muds fu.kZ; dks ge dyk&{ks= ls ckgj gh j[ksa rks Bhd gksxkA uXurk dh ;g Lrqfr blrF; dk fun'kZu gS fd vfHkO;atuk dk lkSan;Z fo"k; ds lkFk lEcº gksdj mls mnkŸk cuk nsrkgS] v'yhyrk ls mckj ysrk gS] vkSj mldh izfrfÿ;k n'kZd ;k ikBd ds eu ij xfgZr izHkkougha MkyrhA [ktqjkgks vkSj vtUrk dh dykœfr;ksa dh ckr NksM+dj eSa mu nsoh&nsorkvksadh uXu ewfrZ;ksa dh vksj Hkh ikBd dk Ë;ku vkdf"kZr djuk pkgrk gwa tks mikluk dsvkË;kfRed lkfŸod Hkko ds fy, jph xbZ gSaA fu'p; gh mikL; nsoksa dh mu ewfrZ;kas lsfdlh mild ds eu esa fodkj vkSj tqxqIlk dk Hkko ugha vkrkA D;ksa ugha vkrk tqxqIlk ;kv'yhyrk dk Hkko\ bldk mŸkj gS fd n'kZd vËkwjk ugha ns[krk] dsoy uaxkiu ugha ns[krk_og lexz ij n`f"V j[kdj mls ns[krk gS tks ns[kus ;ksX; gSaA vFkkZr~ vkSfpR; dh iw.kZrk dksË;ku esa j[kdj tks ns[krk gS og v'yhyrk ugha ns[k ikrkA

vc eSa vkËkqfud ;qx ds lkfgR; esa yf{kr gksus okys ;kSu o.kZuksa dh v'yhyrk ijvkidk Ë;ku vkœ"V djuk pkgrk gwaA miU;klksa esa ^?ksjs ls ckgj*] ^ysMh pSVjyht+ yoj*]^yksfyrk* vkfn dks v'yhyrk&O;atd ekuk x;k gS vkSj buesa ls nks&,d dks ljdkj dhvksj ls t+Cr Hkh fd;k x;kA tSusUÊth us rks bl dksfV dh jpukvksa dks y'yk?; Bgjkrs gq,dgk gS fd buesa vkn'kZ&n'kZu dk fcYdqy yksi gks x;k yxrk gS vkSj euq"; ds vUnj dhxgjh eeZ&ihM+k vkSj O;Fkk ls mudk lEcUËk fNUu gks tkrk gSA ml lkSUn;Z ls VwV tkus ij ekuks;FkkFkZ vkSj okLrfod dsoy t?kU;] vËke vkSj ohHkRl gksus dks jg tkrk gSA vuSfrd vkSj


v'yhy 'kCnksa ij fopkj djrs le; gesa ;g ekywe gksuk pkfg, fd ge D;k pkgrs gSaA ekuyhft;s fd iwjk edku cukuk pkgrs gSa rks edku esa eksjh vkSj laMkl ds fy, txg j[kuhiM+sxhA ukjkt+ gksdj bu nksuksa pht+ksa dks cfg"œr j[kdj tks edku cuk;sxk] mldk lkjkedku gh laMkl vkSj eksjh ds ekfuUn xank gks tk;sxkA ysfdu vxj ge edku dk fopkj ugha]pkSds dk vkSj M™kbax&:e dk fopkj djrs gSa] rks ml le; laMkl vkSj eksjh dh ckr Hkh iklugha vkus nh tk ldrh gSA bl dFku dk vk'k; ;gh gS fd ;FkkFkZ&o.kZu dh Hkh viuhmi;ksfxrk gSA edku esa eksjh vkSj laMkl ds leku gh bldk mi;ksx gksuk gh pkfg,A vkt dslkfgR; esa ;fn lR; ds mn~?kkVu dh ewy izsj.kk u gksdj dsoy LFkwy rF;ksa ds vkËkkj ijfoxgZ.kkvksa vkSj fuEurkvksa dk gh o.kZu gks] rks mls vki v'yhy Bgjk ldrs gSa vkSj R;kT;Hkh dg ldrs gSaA tks ys[kd fdlh lw{e eUrO; rd igqapus dk y{;&laËkku u dj dsoyo.kZu vkSj C;kSjs dh Hkwy&HkqyS;k esa gh Qal dj jg tkrs gSa] v'yhyrk ds lz"Vk dgs tkrs gSaAvkt bl izo`fŸk dk vkfËkD; blfy, Hkh gks jgk gS fd ;FkkFkZ ds dqgkls dks Hksndj vkn'kZ rdigqapus dh 'kfDr dk vfËkdka'k ys[kdksa esa vHkko gSA

bl lanHkZ esa ,d iz'u vkSj Hkh mBrk gSμD;k dke vkSj izse dh O;atuk djus okysizrhd] :id vkfn vizLrqr&foËkku Hkh v'yhy dgs tk ldrs gSa\ esjk fuosnu gS fd bUgsaHkh vki vfHkO;atuk ds Ëkjkry ij gh j[kdj ns[ksaA ewyr% dke vkSj izse dh vfHkO;atukvuSfrd ;k v'yhy O;kikj ugha gSA lar&dfo;ksa us viuh vkË;kfRed vuqHkwfr;ksa dk o.kZudke vkSj izse dh O;atuk okys ykSfdd izrhd&:iksa }kjk fd;k gSA lar&dfo;ksa ij v'yhyrkdk vkjksi yxkuk rks 'kk;n fdlh dks vfHkizsr ugha gksxkA fdUrq dqN ,sls vkykspd gSa tkslar&dfo;ksa dh mfDr;ksa esa nfer dke&okluk dh vfHkO;fDr ikrs gSa_ eehZ dfo;ksa dks ;kSuotZukvksa ls vkÿkar ns[krs gSaA oLrqr% ;kSu lEcUËkksa ls fyIr izrhd :idksa ds vkËkkj ijlar&dfo;ksa dks v'yhy dgus dk lkgl] lkfgR; vkSj ËkeZ ds eeZ dks u le>us dk ghizfrQyu gSA ›k;M dh fopkjËkkjk dk vuqlj.k djus okys vkykspd Hkh lar&dfo;ksa esabl izo`fŸk dk vuqlaËkku dj ldrs gSa] fdUrq muds lkfgR; ls ikBd ij tks izHkko LFkk;h :ils iM+rk gS] mlesa v'yhyrk dk ys'k Hkh ugha ik;k tkrkA vr% ge dke&izse ds izrhdksa lsgh lar&dfo;ksa dks dke&oklukvksa ds izpkjd ugha Bgjk ldrsA larksa ds eu dh ihM+k muds'kCn&'kCn ls O;aftr gksdj ml Ëkjkry rd igqap tkrh gS] tgka ykSfdd dke&okluk dhigqap ugha gSA eSaus dgk gS fd v'yhyrk fo"k; esa ugha] vfHkO;atuk esa jgrh gSA larksa dhvfHkO;atuk esa tks izrhd x`ghr gq, gSa mUgsa vki nwf"kr] foœr] dkefyIr ;k xfgZr ugha dgldrs] vr% lar&dfo;ksa dks v'yhy Bgjkus dk izlax gh ugha vkrkA

lfkgR; esa dke vkSj izse dk o.kZu rks vukfndky ls gksrk vk jgk gSA dke vkSj izsethou dh LoLFk o`fŸk;ka gSaA buds foi;kZl dks nwf"kr dgk tkrk gS_ lgt&larqfyr izokg dks


fdlh leh{kd us v'yhy ugha dgkA vki ;g vk'kk u djsa fd lkfgR;&{ks= esa dsoy^eqÊkjk{kl* vkSj jkfcUlu ÿwlks* gh fy[ks tk;saxsA lkfgR; esa ;fn thou vkSj txr~ dk lexz:i fpf=r gksxk rks dke] izse] ;kSou vkSj ;kSu Hkkouk,a Hkh vafdr gksaxh fdUrq mudk ;FkkFkZfdlh eUrO; ds lkFk [kM+k gksxk] dsoy O;kSjs&fooj.k ds fy, ughaA fojg&o.kZu djus esadfo;ksa us izse dh fofoËk n'kkvksa dk o.kZu fd;k gS fdUrq mlesa gesa v'yhyrk dh xUËk ughavkrhA D;ksa\ blhfy, fd fojg&o.kZu ds Hkhrj ,d vkLFkk] vkn'kZ vkSj Jºk xqfEQr gS_og gesa izse dh lkfŸod Hkwfe rd ys tkus esa leFkZ gSA vr% izse vkSj dke ds leLr o.kZuksadks ge v'yhy ;k v'yk?; ugha dg ldrsA muds ewy eUrO; rd gesa igqapukgksxkA

lkfgR; ds nkf;Ro dh ppkZ djrs gq, mls ekuoh; Hkkoukvksa ds if"dkj rFkklekt ds lkaLœfrd mRFkku dk dkj.k crk;k tkrk gSA lkfgR; }kjk ;s nksuksa dk;Zgksrs gSa] fdUrq lkfgR; Hkkoukvksa dk ifj"dkj djus esa 'yhyrk&v'yhyrk rdvius dks lhfer ugha cukrkA lR;&f'ko vkSj lqUnj dh dYiuk esa jgdj ghlkfgR; iuirk gSA budh ifjfËk esa ftl lkfgR; dk fodkl gksxk] fu'p; gh mlesa v'yhyrkdks LFkku izkIr u gksxkA vuSfrd ;k v'yhy O;kikjksa dh O;atuk rks lkfgR; esa gksxh] fdUrqmlesa eksjh okyh fÿ;k ds gh n'kZu gksaxsA og tqxqfIlr ds fojspu dh izfÿ;k gSA foœfr vkSjnqxZUËk dks ckgj Qsadus dk deZ mu O;kikjksa dh vfHkO;atuk }kjk flº gksuk pkfg,A ;FkkFkZ dhmi;ksfxrk Hkh blh esa gS fd og fodkj dk ifj"dkj djs] dsoy oLrqoknh O;atuk esa gh viuhœrdk;Zrk u le> cSBsA lkaLœfrd mRFkku dh izfÿ;k esa l`tu dk lcls vfËkd egŸo gSAlkfgR; l`tu&izfÿ;k gh gS] vr% mls mu rŸoksa ls lefUor gksuk pkfg,] tks gekjs O;fDrRodks le`º cukus okys gksaA ;fn dksbZ lkfgR; vius fo"k; ;k vfHkO;atuk }kjk lekt dksle`º ugha cukrk] rks mls R;kT; gh dgk tk;sxkA

lkfgfR;d xzkE;rk Hkh ,d izdkj dh v#fpdj uXurk gh gS ftls vdkj.k ;kvizklafxd :i ls mn~?kfVr djus okyk ys[kd viuh fdlh dyqf"kr eukso`fŸk dk ifjp;nsrk gSA ;fn og ldkj.k fdlh izlax ds uXu :i dks izLrqr djrk gS rks ikBd dk dŸkZO; gSfd ml dkj.k dks le>dj gh fp=.k ds 'yhy ;k v'yhy :i dh leh{kk djsA tgkavËkwjk n`';] vËkwjk fp=.k vkSj vËkwjk o.kZu gh v'yhy Bgjk fn;k tkrk gS ogka lkfgR;dkjds mn~ns'; dks u le>us dk vkjksi ikBd ij vkrk gS] dkO; ij ;k dykdkj ij ughaAvkSfpR; dh iw.kZrk dk ifjikyu djrs gq, uXu fp=.k ;k oLrqoknh fp=.k lkfgR; esa gq, gSavkSj vkxs Hkh gksaxsA ge mUgsa v'yhy ugha dg ldrsA

qqq


eq>ls vusd fe= cgqËkk iwNrs gSa fd Lora= Hkkjr esavaxzsth Hkk"kk dk O;kid :i ls izpkj D;ksa gks jgk gS\

fons'kh Hkk"kk ds izfr eksg dk dkj.k D;k gS\ eSa ;g Lohdkjdjrk gwa fd Lora=rk&izkfIr ds ckn gekjs ns'k esa vaxzsth Hkk"kkdk O;ogkj igys dh vis{kk cgqr c<+k gSA ,d vksjf'k{kk&laLFkkvksa rFkk ljdkjh dk;kZy;ksa esa ;g ukjk cqyanfd;k tk jgk gS fd vaxzsth Hkk"kk dk Lrj gekjs fo|ky;ksa esafnu&izfrfnu fxj jgk gS vkSj igys ds eSfV™d&ijh{kk&mŸkh.kZNk= ds cjkcj vkt dk xzstq,V vaxzsth ugha tkurk_ nwljhvksj loZ= vaxzsth ds O;ogkj dh Ëkwe eph gqbZ gSA dgrs gSa]Hkk"kk cksyus vkSj fy[kus ls vkrh gS_ rks vkt ds gekjs ;qodtks gj le; vaxzsth cksyus dk O;kikj djrs gSa] vaxzsth tkursD;ksa ugha\ D;k ;s vius laHkk"k.k esa ftl rFkkdfFkr vaxzsthdk iz;ksx djrs gSa] og vaxzsth u gksdj dqN vkSj gS\ oLrqr%vaxzsth ds izfr gekjs ;qodksa esa eksg rks cgqr gS] fdUrq 'kqºvkSj ifjekftZr Hkk"kk dks lh[kus ds fy, ifjJe dk vHkkogSA Qyr% os yksx ftl Hkk"kk dks viuh nkafHkd o`fŸk ls 'kkuds lkFk iz;qDr djrs gSa] og vaxzssth ugha vaxzsth dk foœr:i gksrk gSA mlds iz;ksx ls mudh ghu Hkkouk gh lkeusvkrh gS_ fdlh izdkj dh ifj"œr #fp ;k Hkk"kk&Kku dhlgt bPNk dk ifjp; ugha feyrkA

vaxzsth Hkk"kk dk izpkj Lora=rk ds ckn D;ksa gqvk] ;giz'u gekjh ekufld nklrk dh izPNUu Hkkouk dks lkeusykus okyk gSA fpjdky rd ijkËkhu jgus ds ckn geusjk"V™h;rk ds foËkk;d rŸoksa dks foLe`r dj fn;k gSA Hkk"kk]laLœfr] ËkeZ] lkfgR; vkSj n'kZu&ftuls fdlh ns'k dh lewphjk"V™h;rk dk vkdyu gksrk gSμgekjh n`f"V ls vks>y gks x,gSaA oSKkfud ;qx us ftl uohu lH;rk dks tUe fn;k] og

vkys[k

Lora= Hkkjresa vaxzsth dk

eksgμfot;sUÊ Lukrd

Lora=rk ls iwoZ vaxzszth Hkk"kkdk;kZy;ksa] fo'ofo|ky;ksarFkk ea=ky;ksa rd lhferFkhA ?kj] cktkj rFkklkoZtfud LFkkuksa ij lHkhO;fDr Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa dkiz;ksx djrs Fks] D;ksafd mudkfo'okl Fkk fd os viusns'kokfl;ksa ls fey jgs gSa]fdlh fons'kh 'kkld ls ughaAdksbZ Hkh lkoZtfud laidZvaxzsth ds ekË;e ls ugha gksrkFkkA vkt vax z sth dkvËkdpjk Kku j[kus okysf'k{kkfFkZ;ksa us ,slh nwf"krizo`fŸk dk izpkj fd;k gS fdftls ns[kks] og vius vaxzsth&Kku dk izek.k nks&pkjVwVs&QwVs okD; cksydj nsukpkgrk gSA fons'kksa esa bl izofŸkds dkj.k gekjs jk"V™h; xkSjodks tks {kfr le;≤ ijigqaprh jgrh gS] mlls lHkhifjfpr gSaA


gesa iqjkrurk ls gVkdj fdlh ,slh uohurk dh vksj cjcl [khap ys xbZ fd gesa LoHkk"kk]LolaLœfr] LoËkeZ vkSj LolkfgR; esa dksbZ vkd"kZ.k izrhr ugha gksrkA ;g ckr gekjs usrkvksa}kjk Hkh fdlh&u&fdlh :i esa iq"V dh tkrh jgh gS fd flKku&foKku ds laoºZu ds fy,vaxsszth vfuok;Z gSA--- vaxzsth Hkk"kk Kku ds fo'kky {ks= dk okrk;u gS] ftlds }kjk vfHkuoKku dh fdj.ksa gekjs ns'k esa izdk'k Qsadrh gSaA tks bl okrk;u dks can djsxk] og vkËkqfudrkds izdk'k ls oafpr jgdj vaËksjs&can dejs esa dqieaMwd dh rjg jg tk,xkAfi eSa bl ypjnyhy dk leFkZd ugha gwa vkSj 'kr&lglz izek.k nsdj flº dj ldrk gwa fd fcuk vaxzsthHkk"kk tkus gq, Hkh ns'kksRFkku dk dk;Z fd;k tk ldrk gS vkSj jk"V™h;rk dk lgh vFkZesa iks"k.k gks ldrk gSA

vaxzsth dk O;kid :i ls iz;ksx ftu dkj.kksa ls gqvk]\ mudks eSa rhu oxks± esalekfgr djds izLrqr djuk pkgrk gwaA igyk dkj.k vaxzsth okrkoj.k esa jgus okysO;fDr;ksa }kjk foo'krko'k vaxzsth dk iz;ksx gSA os O;fDr] tks Hkkjroklh gksrs gq, Hkhfganh ;k dksbZ vU; izkarh; Hkk"kk ugha tkurs] vaxzsth dk iz;ksx djrs gSaA Lora=rk lsiwoZ Hkh ,sls O;fDr Fks] fdUrq mudk tu&laidZ ux.; FkkA vkt ns'k dk <kapk bruk cnyx;k gS fd lqnwj nf{k.k ds rFkk caxky ds yksx lkjs ns'k esa QSy x, gSaA fnYyh tSls uxj esa rkslHkh izns'kksa ds O;fDr;ksa dh foiqy la[;k gSA gksuk ;g pkfg, Fkk fd os fganh rFkk LoHkk"kk dsekË;e ls dk;Z&O;kikj pykrs vkSj viuh jk"V™h; Hkkouk dk ifjp; nsrs_ fdUrq os vaxzsth dsKku ls viuh thfodk gh ugha] lkoZtfud thou&;kiu djrs gq, Hkh ns[ks tkrs gSaA fdUrq] bloxZ ds vaxzsth tkuus okys O;fDr;ksa dks eSa cM+k nks"kh ugha ekurkA mudh foo'krk ds fy,FkksM+h&lh NwV gesa nsuh gh gksxhA gka] lkoZtfud laidZ ds fy, ;fn os lEekuiwoZd Hkkjrh;Hkk"kkvksa dk iz;ksx djus yxsa] rks tulkËkkj.k esa muds izfr Jºk rFkk vknj dk Hkko c<+sxkA tksxkSjo vkt os vaxzsth Hkk"k.k esa vuqHko dj jgs gSa] ogh xkSjo mUgsa dy LoHkk"kk ds iz;ksx lsmiyCËk gksxkA

vaxzsth&iz;ksx dk nwljk dkj.k gS] vaxzsth lh[kus dh bPNkA tks ;qod vaxzsth ughatkurs] os ikjLifjd laHkk"k.k ls Hkk"kk dk O;kogkfjd Kku mikftZr djrs gSaA ;g Hkkouk fdlhlhek rd Bhd gSA fdUrq] blds lkFk gh ;fn viuh Hkk"kk ds izfr ghu Hkko Hkh lek;k gqvkgS] rks ;g Xykfu dk fo"k; Hkh gks ldrk gSA laHkk"k.k ls Hkk"kk lh[kuk gh mn~ns'; gks rks bldslkFk O;kdj.k&lEer 'kqº Hkk"kk&iz;ksx ij Hkh Ë;ku nsuk vko';d gSA eq>s yxrk gS] vkt ds;qod Hkk"kk lh[kus ds fy, vko';d vËolk; ugha djuk pkgrsA tks nl&chl 'kCn ostkurs gSa] mUgha ds iz;ksx ls os vius naHk dks r`Ir djrs gSaA vkius ns[kk gksxk] fdlh lkoZtfudLFkku ij tc nks ;qod ;k f'kf{kr ;qofr;ka feyrh gSa] rc muds laHkk"k.k dk izkjaHk vaxzsth ds


ekË;e ls gksrk gSA rhu&pkj okD; cksyus ds mijkar Ëkhjs&Ëkhjs os fganh ;k ekr`Hkk"kk dh vksjc<+rs gSa vkSj tc mUeqDr Hkko ls okŸkkZyki djus esa izo`Ÿk gksrs gSa] rc vaxzsth dks ,dne Hkwytkrs gSaA muds ifjp; ds izkjafHkd {k.kksa esa vaxzsth eË;LFk cuh] ysfdu tc os feytqy x,rks eË;LFk dks nwj dj LoHkk"kk ls gkfnZd Lrj ij fey ldsA gekjs ns'k ds f'kf{kr ;qod&;qofr;ksadh ;g Hkzkar Ëkkj.kk cu xbZ fd tc fdlh ls igyh ckj ifjp; gks] rks nks&pkj tqeys vaxzsthesa t:j cksyksA fcuk vaxzsth cksys tSls nks Hkkjrh; u rks ifjfpr gks ldrs gSa vkSj u viusf'kf{kr gksus dk izek.k ns ldrs gSaA Lora=rk ls iwoZ vaxzszth Hkk"kk dk;kZy;ksa] fo'ofo|ky;ksarFkk ea=ky;ksa rd lhfer FkhA

?kj] cktkj rFkk lkoZtfud LFkkuksa ij lHkh O;fDr Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa dk iz;ksx djrs Fks]D;ksafd mudk fo'okl Fkk fd os vius ns'kokfl;ksa ls fey jgs gSa] fdlh fons'kh 'kkld lsughaA dksbZ Hkh lkoZtfud laidZ vaxzsth ds ekË;e ls ugha gksrk FkkA vkt vaxzsth dkvËkdpjk Kku j[kus okys f'k{kkfFkZ;ksa us ,slh nwf"kr izo`fŸk dk izpkj fd;k gS fd ftls ns[kks]og vius vaxzsth&Kku dk izek.k nks&pkj VwVs&QwVs okD; cksydj nsuk pkgrk gSA fons'kksa esabl izo`fŸk ds dkj.k gekjs jk"V™h; xkSjo dks tks {kfr le;≤ ij igqaprh jgrh gS] mllslHkh ifjfpr gSaA dHkh&dHkh rks dsoy vaxzst vkSj fgUnqLrkuh gh vaxzsth dk iz;ksx djus okysjg tkrs gSa] 'ks"k lHkh viuh&viuh Hkk"kkvksa eaas Hkk"k.k nsdj viuh jk"V™h; Hkkouk dk mRd"kZflº djrs gSaA vaxzsth ds bl iz;ksx ls fonsf'k;ksa dks yxrk gS fd Hkkjro"kZ Lora= rks gqvk]fdUrq ekufld n`f"V ls vHkh og xqyke gh gS] D;ksafd mlds ikl vius fopkjksa dks O;Drdjus ;ksX; viuh Hkk"kk rd ugha gSA

LoxhZ; izËkkuea=h usg: ds fuËku ds ckn jkeyhyk eSnku esa tks 'kksdlHkk gqbZ] mlesa:l] tkiku vkfn ns'kksa ds izfrfufËk;ksa us fganh Hkk"kk rFkk LoHkk"kk ds ekË;e ls oDrO; nsdjgekjs ns'kokfl;ksa dks foLe;&foeqXËk dj fn;k FkkA ml fnu gesa yxk fd fons'kksa esa gekjsjktuf;d izfrfufËk;ksa dks Hkh blh izdkj LoHkk"kk dk iz;ksx djuk pkfg,A fdUrq] gekjs ns'kdk nqHkkZX; gS fd cgqr&ls jktuf;d izfrfufËk fganh Hkk"kk ls ifjfpr gh ugha gSaA ns'k dksLora= gq, brus o"kZ gq,] fdUrq mUgkasus jk"V™Hkk"kk lh[kus dk miÿe gh ugha fd;kA

vaxzsth cksyus dk rhljk dkj.k gSμpkjksa vksj dk nwf"kr okrkoj.kA nwf"kr okrkoj.k lsesjk vfHkizk; ml eu%fLFkfr ls gS] ftlesa ge vaxzsth dks egŸoiw.kZ le>rs gq, mlds izfreu esa xkSjo dh Hkkouk j[krs gSaA bl eu%fLFkfr okys O;fDr ds fy, vaxzsth&Kku dh iw.kZrku rks okaNuh; gS vkSj u vko';dA tks VwVh&QwVh vaxzsth mUgsa vkrh gS] mlh esa fganh&okD;ksadh jpuk ls dke fy;k tkrk gSA okD;&foU;kl fganh dk vkSj 'kCndks'k dke&pyk≈bafXy'k dk! flesjs Qknj eksfu±x dh V™su ls fnYyh vk jgs gSa] eSa mUgsa fjlho djus ,DtsDV ukbu


ih-,e- ij LVs'ku igqapwaxkAfiμbl okD; esa nl 'kCn vaxzsth ds gSa] fdUrq ewy okD; fganh dkgSA ,slh f[kpM+h Hkk"kk ds iz;ksx ls =qfViw.kZ ,oa L[kfyr vaxzsth dks izksRlkgu fey jgk gSA urks fganh gh ifjekftZr jg ikrh gS vkSj u vaxzsth dk gh Kku gksrk gSA ;g okrkoj.k ds dkj.kHkh gS_ bls lkoËkkuh ls lekIr djuk pkfg,A

vaxzsth ds c<+rs gq, O;ogkj ls ;g 'kadk mRiUu gksuk LokHkkfod gS fd 'kk;n jk"V™Hkk"kkdk fodkl vo#º gks tk,A fdUrq] ;g ugha Hkwyuk pkfg, fd vkt Hkh bl fo'kky ns'k esadsoy nks izfr'kr O;fDr gh vaxzsth tkurs gSa] vr% jk"V™Hkk"kk ds :i esa vaxzsth ds iuius dhdksbZ laHkkouk ugha gSA [ksn dk fo"k; ;g gS fd 'kklu vkSj ns'k dk foËkku fganh dksjk"V™Hkk"kk ekurk gS] fdUrq nks izfr'kr turk vaxzszth ds eksgik'k esa Qalh ,d fons'khHkk"kk dks O;FkZ gh ns'k dh vV~Bkuos izfr'kr turk ij yknus dk LoIu ns[krh gSAesjk fo'okl gS fd ;g fnokLoIu tYnh gh Hkax gksxk vkSj gekjk jk"V™h; xkSjo gesaviuh Hkk"kkvksa ds izfr vkLFkkoku cuk,xkA

qqq

y?kqdFkk

μv'kksd xqtjkrh

vankt+ u;kos lkB ikj dj pqds FksA mudh iRuh muls lkr o"kZ NksVh FkhA cq<+kik mudk Fkk ysfdu

iRuh dks xfB;k dh nnZukd rdyhQ+ gks x;hA ?kqVuksa us lkFk NksM+ fn;k vkSj pyuk&fQjukeqf'dy gks x;kA

os tgk° rd gks lds mls lgkjk nsrs jgrsA ,d fnu bl ijs'kkuh ds pyrs mUgksauset+kfd;k ygt+s esa iRuh dks lykg ns Mkyhμfl,slk djrs gSa] eSa nwljk fookg dj ysrk gw°A oggels toku rks gksxh gh] rqEgkjk iwjk [+;ky j[ksxh vkSj esjk Hkh---fi

iRuh us mUgsa duf[k;ksa ls ns[krs gq, iwNkμfl;s crkb, fd enZ T;knk l{ke gksrk gS ;kvkSjr\---fi

mUgksaus iz'u dk eeZ u le>rs gq, lgt gh mŸkj ns fn;kμflenZ!fiiRuh us gYdh&lh eqLdku ds lkFk mUgsa lok;k lq>ko nsus esa dksrkgh u dhμflfQj ;w°

djrs gSa] eSa gh nwljh 'kknh dj ysrh gw°] og eq>s rks vPNs ls laHkky ysxk gh] vkidksHkh---Afi

qqq

ch&40] ,Q&1] fny'kkn dkWyksuh] fnYyh&110095A laidZ % 09971744164


fganh esa O;aX;&fouksn dh ltho 'kSyh ds iqjLdrkZvksa esackcw ckyeqdaqn xqIr ds ^f'ko'kaHkq ds fpV~Bs* viuk

vizfre LFkku j[krs gSaA f'ko'kaHkq ds dfYir uke ls] xqIrthus ykMZ dt+Zu ds 'kkludky esa] Hkkjrh; turk dh nqnZ'kk dksizdV djus ds fy, vkB fpV~Bs fy[ks FksA ;s fpV~Bs mlle; dh jktuhfrd xqykeh vkSj ykMZ dt+Zu dh fueZeÿwjrkvksa dks ftrus lVhd :i esa izLrqr djrs gSa] mruhiw.kZrk ds lkFk ml le; dk dksbZ nwljk vfHkys[k ughadjrkA bfrgkl ds i`"Bksa esa tks tkucw>dj vafdr ugha fd;kx;k mls ;fn i<+uk vHkh"V gks rks bu fpV~Bksa dks iyVukpkfg,A ;s fpV~Bs 1903 bZ- ls 1905 bZ- ds eË; Hkkjrfe-* esaizdkf'kr gq, FksA ml le; xqIr th gh Hkkjrfe=* ds laikndFksA

f'ko'kaHkq ijra= ns'k dk ukxfjd gSA eu cgyko dsfy, og Hkkax dk lsou djrk gSA Hkkax dk u'kk mldh psrukdks foyhu ugha djrk] gYdk&lk l:j gksrk gS tks eknd ugksdj eu dks rjaxkf;r djus esa leFkZ gSA eu dh blhizeqfnr rjax esa f'ko'kaHkq vius pkjksa vksj QSys gq, lekt dsnq%[k&nnZ dh dgkuh dguk 'kq: djrk gSA xqykeh dh fufoM+‹k`a[kykvksa esa tdM+k gqvk Hkkjrh; f'ko'kaHkq vius vfLrRodks ;fn vuqHko dj ikrk gS rks dsoy ijra= ukxfjd ds :iesa gh djrk gSA ykMZ dt+Zu us vius ns'k dh le`fº vkSjijra= Hkkjr dh ikekyh ds fy, tks "kM~;a= vius 'kkludky esa jps] mudk ladsr bu fpV~Bksa esa ys[kd us ftl 'kSyhesa izLrqr fd;k gS og fuLlansg fganh O;aX; dh cstksM+&csfelky'kSyh gSA

ykMZ dt+Zu ds fo"k; esa izflº gS fd og ÿwj LoHkkodk vgadkjh 'kkld FkkA mlds 'kkludky esa Hkkjrh; turkdks lq[k&lqfoËkk,a izkIr gksuk rks vlaHko Fkk gh] izR;qr og rks

ij[k

ckyeqdaqnxqIr cuke

xwaxh iztk dkodhy %

f'ko'kaHkq 'kekZμfot;sUÊ Lukrd

Hkkjroklh la?k"kZHkh# gS a]fdlh Hkh ladV dks Lohdkjdjuk] fufyZIr&fujkdkjÊ"Vk dh Hkkafr vr`Ir ykspuls ukVd ds iVk{ksiksa dksns[kuk mudk LoHkko cux;k gSA flvFkd ,sls gSa fdfdrus gh rek'ks ns[k x,] ijn`f"V ugha gVkrsA bUgks ausi`Fohjkt] t;pan dh rckghns[kh] eqlyekuksa dh ckn'kghn s[khA vdcj&chjcy][kku[kkuk vkSj rkulsu ns[ksA'kkgtgkuh r[rsrk≈l vkSj'kkgh tywl ns[ksA fQj oghr[r ukfnj'kkg dks mBkdj ystkrs ns[kkA


igys ls izkIr vfËkdkjksa dks Hkh Nhuus ds i{k esa FkkA Qyr% mlus flfoy lfoZl esa Hkkjrh;ksads izos'k dks fu"ksËk fd;k] mPp Lrjh; f'k{kk ds ekxZ esa jksM+s [kM+s fd,] caxky dks foHkkftrdj ns'k esa QwV ds cht cks,] dj olwyh ds dkys dkuwu cukdj turk dks nq%[k&nSU; dsik'k esa dldj rM+ik;k vkSj fuËkZu iztk dk 'kks"k.k dj vius vga dh rqf"V ds fy, njckjjpk;k rFkk foDVksfj;k eseksfj;y gky cuok;kA f'ko'kaHkq 'kekZ us ykMZ dt+Zu dh bl^HkM+dckt+h* vkSj ^uqekb'kh* izo`fŸk esa dsoy ^rqerjkd* Hkjs dkeksa dks ns[kdj ;g mfprle>k fd mUgsa crk;k tk, fd ok;ljk; gksdj Hkh vki Hkkjrh; iztk ls cgqr nwj gSaA mudsfgr ls vkidk yxko u gksus ls vki ^ekbZykMZ* gksus ij Hkh bl ns'k esa ekbZcki ugha cus gSaAbl xqyke eqYd dh xwaxh iztk vkids lkeus vius nq%[k&nnZ ugha dgrh fdarq ogvkidks fgdkjr vkSj voekuuk dh ut+j ls ns[krh gSA dkSu lkgl djs vkils dqNdgus dkA blfy, HkaxM+h f'ko'kaHkq dks ;g nkf;Ro ogu djuk iM+ jgk gSA

;g Bhd gS fd bl xqyke ns'k dk vkfQf'k;y izfrfufËk cuus dk f'ko'kaHkqds ikl dksbZ vfËkdkj&i= ;k lun ugha gS rFkkfi og bl ns'k dh iztk dk] ;gka dsfpFkM+kiks'k daxkyksa dk izfrfufËk gksus dk nkok j[krk gS] D;ksafd mlus bl Hkwfe esa tUe fy;kgSA mldk 'kjhj Hkkjr dh feV~Vh ls cuk gS vkSj mlh feV~Vh esa vius 'kjhj dh feV~Vh dks,d fnu feyk nsus dk bjknk j[krk gSA cpiu esa blh ns'k dh Ëkwy esa yksVdj cM+k gqvk] blhHkwfe ds vUu&ty ls mldh izk.kj{kk gksrh gSA f'ko'kaHkq dks dksbZ ugha tkurkA tks tkurs gSa] oslalkj esa ,dne vutku gSaA mUgsa dksbZ tkudj Hkh tkuuk ugha pkgrkA tkuus dh phtf'ko'kaHkq ds ikl dqN ugha gSA mlds ikl dksbZ mikfËk ugha] jktnjckj esa mldh iwN ughaAgkfdeksa ls gkFk feykus dh mldh gSfl;r ugha] mldh gka esa gka feykus dh mldh rkc ughaAog ,d dinZd&'kwU; ?keaMh czk„.k gSA gs jkt izfrfufËkA D;k mldh nks&pkj ckrsa lqfu,xk\

f'ko'kaHkq 'kekZ us viuh gSfl;r vkSj lkeF;Z dh ckr ftl xaHkhj O;aX; esa dgh gS ogHkkjrh;ksa dh nfyr&nfer n'kk dk gh ,d cksyrk gqvk 'kCnfp= gSA ^cuke ykMZ dt+Zu*'kh"kZd fpV~Bs esa ys[kd us cM+h iz[kj vkSj fuHkhZd ok.kh esa dt+Zu ls dgk gS fd flftl in ijvki vk#<+ gq, og vkidk ekS:lh ughaμunh uko la;ksx dh Hkkafr gSA vkids gkFk esa dqNfnu vkSj dqN djus dh 'kfDr gSA ysfdu ekbZykMZ! D;k vki Hkh pkgrs gSa fd vkidsvklikl ,d oSlh gh ewfrZ (ykMZ ySalMkSu tSlh) [kM+h gks\ ;fn vkidks ewfrZ;ka gh LFkkfirdjuh gSa rks vkb, vkidks ewfrZ;ka fn[kk nsaA flog nsf[k, ,d ewfrZ gS] tks fdys ds eSnku esa ughagS] ij Hkkjrokfl;ksa ds ‚n; esa cuh gqbZ gSA igpkfu, bls] bl ohj iq#"k us eSnku dh ewfrZ lsbl ns'k ds djksM+ksa xjhcksa ds ‚n; esa ewfrZ cuokuk vPNk le>kA ;g ykMZ fjiu dh ewfrZ gSAvkSj nsf[k, ,d Le`fr eafnj] ;g vkids ipkl yk[k ds laxejej ls vfËkd etcwr vkSjlSdM+ksa xquk vfËkd dherh gSA ;g LoxhZ;k foDVksfj;k egkjkuh dk lu~ 1858 bZ- dk


?kks"k.kk&i= gSA vkidh ;knxkj Hkh ;gh cu ldrh gS] ;fn bu nks ;knxkjksa dh vkids th esadqN bT+t+r gksAfi

ykMZ dt+Zu dks viuk dk;Zdky iwjk djus ds ckn nwljh ckj fQj nks o"kZ ds fy,ok;ljk; fu;qDr fd;k x;kA Hkkjroklh bl fu;qfDr ij vR;ar f[kUu gq, ysfdu os djrs HkhD;kμfltks dqN [kqnk fn[kk, lks ykpkj ns[kukAfi f'ko'kaHkq dks Hkkjr izHkq dt+Zu ds blf}jkxeu dh lwpuk feyh rks mUgksaus Hkh csclh ls flj Ëkqu Mkyk ysfdu dye ds t+fj;sekbZykMZ dks mudh iqjkuh djuh ds fy, dkslrs gq, ^Jheku~ dk Lokxr* 'kh"kZd ls nwljkfpV~Bk fy[kkA fpV~Bs esa ykMZ dt+Zu ds dkys dkjukeksa dk O;aX;e;h Hkk"kk esa mYys[k rksmUgksaus fd;k gh ij HkkX;oknh foo'k&ykpkj Hkkjrh;ksa dh rVLFk o`fŸk ij Hkh xgjs izgkj fd,AHkkjroklh la?k"kZHkh# gSa] fdlh Hkh ladV dks Lohdkj djuk] fufyZIr&fujkdkj Ê"Vk dh Hkkafrvr`Ir ykspu ls ukVd ds iVk{ksiksa dks ns[kuk mudk LoHkko cu x;k gSA flvFkd ,sls gSa fdfdrus gh rek'ks ns[k x,] ij n`f"V ugha gVkrsA bUgksaus i`Fohjkt] t;pan dh rckgh ns[kh]eqlyekuksa dh ckn'kgh ns[khA vdcj&chjcy] [kku[kkuk vkSj rkulsu ns[ksA 'kkgtgkuhr[rsrk≈l vkSj 'kkgh tywl ns[ksA fQj ogh r[r ukfnj'kkg dks mBkdj ys tkrs ns[kkAf'kokth vkSj vkSjaxt+sc ns[ks] Dykbo vkSj gsfLaVXl&ls ohj cgknqj vaxzst ns[ksA ns[krs&ns[krscM+s 'kkSd ls ykMZ dtZ+u dk gkfFk;ksa dk tywl vkSj fnYyh njckj ns[kkA dksbZ fn[kkus okykpkfg,] Hkkjroklh ns[kus dks lnk izLrqr gSaA bl xq.k esa os ewaN ejksM+dj dg ldrs gSa fdlalkj esa dksbZ mudk lkuh ughaAfi Hkkjrh;ksa dh ;g rek'kkbZ rch;r vkt Hkh T;ksa dh R;ksa gSAfnYyh esa jkst tyls&tywl jgrs gSa vkSj jktËkkuh dh turk muesa n'kZdksa dk Qt+Z iwjh rjgvnk djrh gSA yxrk gS fd bl eqYd ds ckf'kanksa ds ikl dksbZ eqLrfdy dke ugha gSAHkhM+&HkkM+] tyls&tywl] [ksy&rek'ks] ukp&xkus] Hkk"k.k&ukVdμ;gh lc gksrk jgrk gS vkSjrek'kchu turk dkedkt ls eqDr gks blesa Mwch jgrh gSA f'ko'kaHkq bl izo`fŸk dks rkM+ x, FksvkSj bl ij pksV djuk os u Hkwys FksA

nwljh ckj okbljk; gksdj vkus ij cacbZ esa ykMZ dtZu dk jktk&egkjktkvksa us cM+hËkweËkke ls Lokxr fd;kA cacbZ dh E;wfuLiSfyVh dh vksj ls vkids vfHkuanu dk fo'kkyiSekus ij vk;kstu fd;k x;kA bl vk;kstu esa ykMZ dt+Zu us Hkkjrh; turk ds izfr œrKrkO;Dr djuk rks nwj mldh dVq 'kCnksa esa vkykspuk dj MkyhA f'ko'kaHkq dks ;g l· u gqvkAmUgksaus vius fpV~Bs esa cM+h Li"V Hkk"kk esa fcuk fdlh ykx&yisV ds ykMZ dt+Zu dks lacksfËkrdjrs gq, fy[kkμfllp ekfu, fd vkius bl ns'k dks dqN ugha le>k] [khyh le>us dh'ks[kh esa jgs vkSj vk'kk ugha fd bu vxys dbZ eghuksa esa dqN le>saA fdarq bl ns'k us vkidks[kwc le> fy;k vkSj vfËkd le>us dh t:jr ugha jghA vkius xjhc iztk dh vksj rd Hkhn`f"V Mkydj ugha ns[kk] u xjhcksa us vkidks tkukA tc vki viuk in R;kxdj Lons'kokil tk;saxs rks ;g dHkh u dg ldsaxs fd Hkkjr dh iztk dk eu vius gkFk esa fd;k FkkAfi


f'ko'kaHkq dh ok.kh esa u rks dgha f?kf?k;kgV gS vkSj u dgha feF;k vgadkj dk niZAmUgksaus Li"Vokfnrk dks O;aX; esa lkudj] fuHkhZdrk dk iqV nsdj cM+s lgt <ax ls izLrqrfd;k gSA vaxzsth jkT; ds v[kaM izrki dks f'ko'kaHkq tkurs Fks vkSj ;g Hkh tkurs Fks fd ykMZdtZ+u tSls izpaM 'kkld ds fojksËk esa dqN Hkh dgus dh 'kfDr Hkkjrh;ksa esa ugha gS fdUrqf'ko'kaHkq u rks Hkkjr ds jktk&egkjktk Fks vkSj u ukSdj'kkgh ds xqyke iqtsZA mudk LokfHkekuijra=rk ds {k.kksa esa vkgr gksus ij Hkh fou"V ugha gqvk FkkA blfy, tc mUgksaus ykMZ dtZ+uvkSj vaxzstksa ds izHkqRo dk o.kZu fd;k rks ml ikSjkf.kd fujadq'k jktk dk Lej.k fd;k ftlsjko.k ds uke ls tkuk tkrk gSA ysfdu Lej.k dh 'kSyh bruh eksgd vkSj eeZLi'khZ fdf'ko'kaHkq jktuhfrd Êksg ds vijkËk esa idM+s u tk ldsA Hkkjr ds fuLrst vkSjfuohZ;Z jktk&egkjktkvksa dh n'kk ij O;aX; djrs gq, os dgrs gSaμflHkkjr ds jktkvc vkids gqDe ds cans gSaA mudks ysdj pkgs tqywl fudkfy,] pkgs njckj cukdjlyke djkb,] pkgs mUgsa foyk;r fHktokb,] pkgs dydŸks cqyokb,] tks pkgs lksdhft,] os gkft+j gSaA vkids gqDe dh rsth frCcr ds igkM+ksa dh cjQ dks fi?kykrhgS] Qkjl dh [kkM+h dk ty lq[kkrh gS] dkcqy ds igkM+ksa dks uje djrh gSA ty]LFky] ok;q vkSj vkdk'k eaMy esa loZ= vkidh fot; gSA bl ËkjkËkke esa vc vaxzsth izrkids vkxs dksbZ maxyh mBkus okyk ugha gSA bl ns'k esa ,d egkizrkih jktk ds izrki dk o.kZubl izdkj fd;k tkrk Fkk fd baÊ mlds ;gka ty Hkjrk Fkk] iou mlds ;gka pDdh pykrk Fkk]pkan&lwjt mlds ;gka jks'kuh djrs Fks] vfXu mlds ;gka Hkkstu idkrh Fkh bR;kfnA ij vaxzsthizrki mlls Hkh c<+ x;k gSA leqÊ vaxzsth jkT; dk eYykg gS] igkM+ksa dh miR;dk,a cSBus dsfy, dqlhZ&ew<+sA fctyh dysa pykus okyh nklh vkSj gt+kjksa ehy [kcj ysdj mM+us okyhnwjh] bR;kfn&bR;kfnAfi

ykMZ dt+Zu dks izcksËkrs gq, f'ko'kaHkq us Hkkjrh; fopkj&n'kZu dks cM+h ekfeZd 'kSyh esanqgjk;k gSA jktk eqat dks le>krs gq, ckyd Hkkst us dgk Fkk] fluSdsukfi laeaxrk olqerheqatLRo;k ;kL;frAfi Bhd mlh Hkk"kk esa f'ko'kaHkq dgrs gSaμfoÿe] v'kksd vkSj vdcj dslkFk ;g Hkwfe ugha xbZA vkSjaxt+sc&vykmÌhu bls eqV~Bh esa nckdj ugha j[k ldsA egewn]rSewj vkSj ukfnj bls ywV ds eky ds lkFk ≈aVksa vkSj gkfFk;ksa ij ykndj u ys tk ldsA vkxsHkh ;g fdlh ds lkFk ugha tk,xh] pkgs dksbZ fdruh gh etcwrh D;ksa u djsAfi

Hkkjr dh iztk dks ;g vk'kk Fkh fd nwljh ckj okbljk; gksdj vkus ij ykMZ dt+ZuHkkjrh;ksa ds fgr ds fy, dqN u dqN vo'; djsaxsA mUgsa ,slh Hkh vk'kk Fkh fd cM+s ykVvius Hkk"k.k esa mu lqËkkjksa dk mYys[k djsaxs tks bl ckj os Hkkjr esa djuk pkgrs gSa fdarq mudkizFke Hkk"k.k Hkkjrh;ksa dh ^vk'kk dk var* djus okyk flº gqvkA f'ko'kaHkq dks Hkh bl Hkk"k.kls xgjh Bsl igqaph vkSj mUgksaus vius ikaposa fpV~Bs esa viuh osnuk dks cM+h O;aX;e;h Hkk"kk esavfHkO;Dr fd;kA f'ko'kaHkq us igys gh okD; esa dgkμflekbZykMZ] vc ds vkids Hkk"k.k usu'kk fdjfdjk dj fn;kA vk'kk ls caËkk ;g lalkj pyrk gSA jksxh dks jksx ls] dSnh dks dSn


ls] Ω.kh dks Ω.k ls] daxky dks daxkyh lsμblh izdkj gjsd Dysf'kr O;fDr dks ,d fnuvius Dys'k ls eqDr gksus dh vk'kk gksrh gSA ij gk;! tc mldh ;g vk'kk Hkh Hkax gks tk,]ml le; mlds d"V dk D;k fBdkukμ

flfdLer is ml eqlkfQjs [kLrk ds jksb;sAtks Fkd x;k gks cSB ds eafty ds lkeusAfi

vQlksl ekbZykMZ! cM+s ykV gksdj vkids Hkkjr esa inkiZ.k djus ds le; bl ns'k dsyksx Jhekuth ls tks&tks vk'kk,a djrs Fks vkSj lq[k LoIu ns[krs Fks] og lc mM+uNw gks x,Afi

f'ko'kaHkq 'kekZ us Hkkjrh; tyok;q vkSj ;gka ds ued dk izHkko fn[kkrs gq, ykMZ dtZ+udh œr?urk dks mn~?kkfVr djus esa cM+s dkS'ky ls dke fy;k gSA Hkkjr dk ued [kkdj HkhHkkjrh;ksa dh fuank djus okys dtZ+u dks funksZ"k Bgjkrs gq, dgk fdμfl;g rks ;gka ds ued dhrklhj gSA ;gka dk ued [kkdj fopkj&cqfº [kks tkrh gSA n;k vkSj l‚n;rk Hkkx tkrh gS]mnkjrk mM+uNw gks tkrh gSA vka[kksa ij iV~Vh ckaËkdj dkuksa esa BhBs Bkasddj] ukd esa udsyMkydj] vkneh dks ftËkj&frËkj ?klhVs fQjrk gS vkSj mlds eq[k ls [kqYye[kqYyk bl ns'kdh fuank djkrk gSA vkneh ds eu esa og (ued) ;gh tek nsrk gS fd tgka dk [kkuk ogka dh[kwc fuank djuk vkSj viuh 'ks[kh ekjrs tkukAfi dtZ+u ds fy, blls c<+dj vkSj D;k O;aX;gks ldrk gSA

Hkkjro"kZ dh turk ukuk izdkj ds d"Vksa dks >syrh gqbZ Hkh jktk dks nks"kh ugha BgjkrhAog vius iwoZtUe ds deks± dk Qy gh d"V esa ns[krh gS vkSj fQj Hkh dtZ+u viuh dqfVyrkesa mls ËkwrZ dgrk gSA f'ko'kaHkq dks dt+Zu dh ;g dqfVyrk lkyrh gS vkSj mldk eu viusns'k dh Hkksyh turk dh nfjÊ n'kk ij Êfor gks mBrk gSA og dt+Zu ls dgrs gSa fd vki ughatku ldrs fd ge Hkkjrh;ksa dh uhfr&ijk;.krk] lR;okfnrk vkSj ËkeZfu"Bk dSlh gSA vkidsLons'kh; ;gka cM+h&cM+h bekjrksa esa jgrs gSa] tSlh #fp gks oSls inkFkZ Hkksx ldrs gSaA Hkkjrvkids fy, HkksX; Hkwfe gSA fdarq bl ns'k ds yk[kksa vkneh] blh ns'k esa iSnk gksdj vkokjkdqŸkksa dh Hkkafr HkVd&HkVddj ejrs gSaA mudks nks gkFk Hkwfe cSBus dks ugha] isV Hkjdj [kkusdks ugha] eSys&fpFkM+s igudj mejsa fcrk nsrs gSaA vkSj var esa ,d fnu dgha iM+dj pqipkiizk.k ns nsrs gSaA bl izdkj Dys'k ikdj ejus ij Hkh dHkh&dHkh og yksx ;g dgrs gSa fd ikihjktk gS] blls gekjh ;g nqxZfr gSA ekbZykMZ! os deZoknh gSaA og ;gh le>rs gSa fd fdlh dkdqN nks"k ughaμlc gekjs iwoZ deks± dk nks"k gSA gk;! gk;! ,slh iztk dks vki ËkwrZ dgrs gSaAfi

gekjs ns'k esa gksyh dk ioZ mRlkg vkSj meax dk mRlo gSA bl fnu NksVs&cM+s dkHksnHkko nwj dj lHkh ukxfjd leku :i ls HkkbZpkjs dk O;ogkj djrs gSaA jktk vkSj iztk dschp dh nwjh Hkh gksyh ds fnu feV tkrh gSA f'ko'kaHkq dks ,sls gh fdlh fnu vpkud ,deËkqj xhr dh Vsd lqukbZ nsrh gSA dksbZ cM+h eLrh ls xk jgk gSμflpyks pysa vkt [ksysa gksyhdUgS;k ?kjAfi dujfl;k f'ko'kaHkq [kfV;k ij cSB x,] lkspus yxs fd gksyh f[kyS;k dgrs gSa


fd pyks vkt dUgS;k ds ?kj gksyh [ksysaxsA dUgS;k dkSu czt ds jktdqekj vkSj [ksyus okysdkSu] mudh iztkμczt ds Xoky&ckyA rks D;k vkt ge vius jktk ds lkFk gksyh [ksyldrs gSa\ ysfdu jktk rks nwj lkr leqÊ ikj gSA jktk dk dsoy uke lquk gS] u jktk dksf'ko'kaHkq us ns[kk gS vkSj u jktk us f'ko'kaHkq dksA [kSj jktk u lgh mldk izfrfuËk rks gS] BhdoSls gh tSls œ".k }kjdk esa Fks vkSj mºo dks czt esa viuk izfrfufËk cukdj mUgksaus Hkstk FkkAysfdu vkt rks fLFkfr gh fofp= gSA flœ".k gS] mºo gS] ij cztoklh muds fudV Hkh ughaQVdus ikrsA jktk gS] jkt&izfrfufËk gS] ij iztk dh mu rd jlkbZ ughaA lw;Z gS] Ëkwi ughaApaÊ gS pkanuh ugha] ekbZykMZ uxj esa gh gSa ij f'ko'kaHkq muds }kj rd ugha QVd ldrk gS]mlds ?kj pydj gksyh [ksyuk rks fopkj gh nwljk gSA iztk dh cksyh og ughale>rk] mldh cksyh iztk ugha le>rhA f}rh;k ds pkan dh rjg dHkh&dHkh cgqrnsj rd ut+j xM+kus ls mldk paÊkuu fn[k tkrk gS rks fn[k tkrk gSA ;fn fdlhfnu f'ko'kaHkq 'kekZ ds lkFk ekbZykMZ uxj dh n'kk ns[kus pyrs rks og ns[krs fd blegkuxj dh yk[kksa iztk HksM+ksa vkSj lwvjksa dh Hkkafr lM+s&xans >ksiM+ksa esa iM+h yksVrhgSA muds vkl&ikl lM+h cncw vkSj eSys lM+s ikuh ds ukys cgrs gSa] dhpM+ vkSjdwM+s ds <sj pkjksa vksj yxs gq, gSaA muds 'kjhj ij eSys&dqpSys QVs fpFkM+s fyiVs gq, gSa] ,slhfoiUukoLFkk esa Hkkjr dh iztk D;k dgdj vius jktk vkSj mlds izfrfufËk dks lacksËku djsaAD;k ;ksa dgsa fd ftl fczfV'k jkT; esa ge viuh tUeHkwfe esa ,d vaxqy Hkwfe ds vfËkdkjhugha] ftlesa gekjs 'kjhj dks QVs fpFkM+s Hkh ugha tqM+s vkSj u dHkh ikih isV dks iwjk Hkkstufeyk ml jkT; dh t; gksA mlds jktizfrfufËk gkfFk;ksa dk tywl fudkydj lcls cM+s gkFkhij paoj&N= yxkdj fudysa vkSj Lons'k esa tkdj iztk ds lq[kh gksus dk Madk ctkosaAfi

f'ko'kaHkq 'kekZ dks ykMZ dt+Zu ds 'kkludky esa ftl ?kksj nqjk'kk dk lkeuk djuk iM+kog muds NBs fpV~Bs ls Li"V yf{kr gksrk gSA f'ko'kaHkq us cM+h Li"V Hkk"kk esa dgk gS fd vcjktk vkSj iztk ds feydj gksyh [ksyus dk le; x;kA ekbZykMZ vius 'kkludky dk lqanjls lqanj lfp= bfrgkl Lo;a fy[kok ldrs gSa] og iztk ds izse dh ijok D;ksa djsaxsA fQj Hkhf'ko'kaHkq 'kekZ vius izHkq rd lans'k igqapk nsuk pkgrk gS fd og vkidh xwaxh iztk dk ,dodhy gS vkSj ftlds f'kf{kr gksdj eqag [kksyus rd vki dqN djuk ugha pkgrsA

ykMZ dt+Zu dks nks o"kZ dk le; iwjk gksus ij baXySaM okil cqyk fy;k x;k FkkA mldktaxh ykV fdpuj ls fojksËk gks x;k Fkk vkSj fczfV'k ljdkj us dt+Zu dk R;kxi= Lohdkj djfdpuj dh ckr ekuh FkhA ^fonkbZ laHkk"k.k* 'kh"kZd fpV~Bs esa bl ?kVuk dks xqIrth us cM+hO;aX;e;h 'kSyh esa fy[kk gSA flvc ns[krs gSa fd taxh ykV ds eqdkcys esa vkius iV[kuh [kkbZ]flj ds cy uhps vk jgsA vkids Lons'k esa ogh ≈aps ekus x,] vkidks lkQ uhps ns[kuk iM+k]inR;kx dh Ëkedh ls Hkh ≈aps u gks ldsAfi Lokxr ds le; ftu ekfeZd 'kCnksa esa ykMZdt+Zu dk ijke'kZ fn;k x;k gS fd os iBuh; gSaμflbl lalkj ds vkjaHk esa cM+k Hkkjh ikFkZD;gksus ij Hkh var esa cM+h Hkkjh ,drk gSA le; var esa lcdks vkius ekxZ ij ys vkrk gSA


ns'k&ifr jktk vkSj fHk{kk ekaxdj isV Hkjus okys daxky dk ifj.kke ,d gh gksrk gSA fdrus gh'kkld vkSj ujs'k i`Foh ij gks x,A vkt mudk dgha irk&fu'kku ugha gSA FkksM+s&FkksM+s fnuviuh ukScr ctk pys x,A vkiesa 'kfDr ugha fd fiNys&Ng o"kks± dks ykSVk ldsa ;k muesa tksdqN gqvk gS mls vU;Fkk dj ldsaA fdarq fonkbZ ds le; iwjh n`<+rk ,oa fuHkhZdrk ls dt+Zuds 'kkludky dks nq[kkar ukVd crkuk ml le; ds laiknd&ËkeZ dk loZJs"B fun'kZu gSAflvkids 'kkludky dk ukVd ?kksj nq%[kkar gS vkSj vfËkd vk'p;Z dh ckr ;g gS fd n'kZdrks D;k Lo;a lw=Ëkkj Hkh ugha tkurk fd mlus tks [ksy lq[kkar le>dj [ksyuk vkjaHk fd;kFkk] og nq%[kkar gks tk,xkAfi

fonkbZ ds le; ykMZ dt+Zu dks vius ÿwj œR;ksa ds fy, i'pkŸkki ugha gqvkA mldheu%fLFkfr dks le>dj f'ko'kaHkq us dgk fd ekbZykMZ tc rd vkids gkFk esa 'kfDr jgh]vkius Hkkjr dh HkykbZ ds fy, dqN ugha fd;kA Hkkjr ds fcxkM+us ds fy, vkius D;k&D;kugha fd;k fdUrq D;k fdlh ,d euq"; ds fd, fdlh fo'kky ns'k dk dqN fcxM+ ldrk gSAvkius cax&foPNsn dk cht cksdj bl ns'k dh turk dks tks ihM+k igqapkbZ gS og D;k dHkhHkwyh tk ldsxhA rqxyd Hkh vkids gh LoHkko dk ,d 'kkld ikap lkS o"kZ igys bl ns'k esagqvk FkkA ysfdu blds ckn nkSyrkckn clkus ls fnYyh mtM+ ugha xbZ Fkh vkSj vkids Hkhcax&foPNsn ls caxky fou"V ugha gksxkA fllc T;ksa dk R;ksa gSA cax ns'k dh Hkwfe tgka Fkh oghagS vkSj mldk gj ,d uxj vkSj xkao tgka Fkk ogha gSA dydŸkk mBkdj psjkiwath ds igkM+ ijugha j[k fn;k x;k vkSj f'kykax mM+dj gqxyh ds iqy ij ugha vk cSBkA cax&foPNsn djdsekbZykMZ us viuk ,d [;ky iwjk fd;k gSA fdrus gh [k;kyh bl ns'k esa viuk [;ky iwjkdjds pys x,A vkids bl izdkj ds dkjukeksa ls Hkkjrokfl;ksa ds eu esa ;g ckr tx xbZ gSfd vaxzstksa ls HkfDrHkko djuk o`Fkk gS] izkFkZuk djuk o`Fkk gS vkSj muds vkxs jksuk&xkuk o`Fkk gSAnqcZy dh og ugha lqursAfi

f'ko'kaHkq ds vkB fpV~Bksa ds vfrfjDr ckcw ckyeqdaqn xqIr us ^dtZ+u&'kkgh* 'kh"kZd lsHkh cM+s O;aX; Hkjs ys[k fy[ks FksA mu ys[kksa esa dtZ+u ds dBksj LoHkko dk o.kZu djrs gq,mudh ÿwjrkvksa dks vkyadkfjd 'kSyh esa O;Dr fd;k x;k gSA dt+Zu ds fo"k; esa mUgksausfy[kk gSμflvgadkj] vkRe&'yk?kk] ft+n vkSj xkyctkbZ esa ykMZ dtZ+u vius lkuh vkifudysA tc ls vaxzsth jkT; vkjaHk gqvk gS rc ls bu xq.kksa esa vkidh cjkcjh djus okyk ,dHkh cM+k ykV bl ns'k esa ugha vk;kA Hkkjro"kZ dh cgqr&lh iztk ds eu esa Ëkkj.kk gS fd ftlns'k esa ty u cjlrk gks] ykMZ dtZ+u inkiZ.k djsa rks o"kkZ gksus yxrh gS] vkSj tgka ds yksxvfro"kkZ vkSj rwQku ls rax gksa ogka dt+Zu ds tkus ls LoPN lw;Z fudy vkrk gSAfi bl izdkjdh vusd O;aX;ksfDr;ka xqIrth ds ys[kksa esa fNVdh iM+h gSaA ^esys dk ≈aV* 'kh"kZd fpV~Bs esaekjokM+h lekt dh dqjhfr;ksa dks ^ekjokM+h ,slksfl;s'ku* }kjk O;Dr fd;k x;k gSA buesa ls,d O;aX; mu lsB&lkgwdkjksa] jk;cgknqjksa ij fd;k x;k gS tks pkiywlh }kjk ljdkj esa izfr"Bk


izkIr djrs gSaA flftuds cki&nknk HksM+ dh vkokt lqudj Mj tkrs Fks] ftudks Lo;a pkdw lsdye dk Mad dkVrs Hk; yxrk gS mUgsa ljdkj us jk;cgknqj cuk;k gSAfi

fltks fy[krs vfjghu iS lnklsy ds vadA>ir uSu fru lqru ds dVr dye dks MadAfixqIrth ds iSus O;aX; ds fy, muds ddjk"Vd* vkSj gksyh gS* 'kh"kZd fucaËk iBuh; gSaAckcw ckyeqdaqn xqIr dh 'kSyh us fganh esa x| ds Ëkjkry ij O;aX; dks izfrf"Br fd;kA

blds igys dfork esa rks O;aX; vk x;k Fkk fdarq x| ds }kjk xqIrth us mls O;kogkfjd ,oalaizs"k.kh; cuk;kA xqIrth ds fpV~Bksa ds ikBd vius le; esa lcls vfËkd FksA vaxzsth esa Hkhbudk vuqokn Jh T;ksRL;saÊukFk cuthZ us fd;k Fkk tks vaxzstksa esa Hkh ppkZ dk fo"k;cukA fganh ds dbZ ys[kdksa us buds vuqdj.k dk Hkh iz;kl fd;kA O;aX;&fouksn dsekË;e ls jktuhfr] lekt] f'k{kk] lqËkkj vkSj izpkj ds {ks= esa ftruk dke xqIrthus fd;k mruk u rks muls igys dksbZ ys[kd dj ldk Fkk vkSj u muds ckn fdlhus bl {ks= esa [;kfr vftZr dhA xqIrth us i| esa Hkh vusd jpuk,a dh fdarq mudhekSfyd izfrHkk ds n'kZu gesa x| esa gh gksrs gSa blfy, bl y?kq ys[k esa geus mudh pqVhyhvkSj ekfeZd dforkvksa dks mnkgj.k ds :i esa ugha fy;k gSA xqIrth ds ipkl ls vfËkd ys[kgSa tks O;aX; dh n`f"V ls 'yk?; gksus ds lkFk rRdkyhu jktuhfr] lekt] f'k{kk rFkk Hkkjrh;fLFkfr;ksa dk ltho fp= ikBd ds lEeq[k mifLFkr djus esa leFkZ gSaA Hkkjrsanq ;qx ds lPpsokfjl vkSj f}osnh ;qx ds mUuk;d ds :i esa ckcw ckyeqdqan xqIr dk uke fganh lkfgR; dsbfrgkl esa vfeV cuk jgsxkA

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y?kqdFkk

μT;ksfr tSuekin.McsVh igys bErsgku esa vOoy vkbZA cM+h 'kkck'kh feyhA tc dgk x;kμflcki ij xbZ gSfi

rks csVh us fojksËk fd;kμfl,slk ugha gSA eek&ikik nksuksa dk gh ekWjy liksVZ gSAfi≈°g---ek° dks ukSdjh ls oD+r feys rc rks Ë;ku nsxh uk! ;s rks cki ds xq.k gSaAnwljs bErsgku esa csVh dh vlQyrk dk Bhdjk ek° ds lj QwVkA[+kqn dks ?kweus ls QqlZr ughaA csVh dks oD+r nsrh rks og t+:j lQy gksrhA

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1432@24] uUnkuxj] bUnkSj&452011 (e/; izns'k)A laidZ % 09300318182


lkfgR;&foËkkvksa esa gkL;&O;aX; dks Lora= foËkk dkLFkku ugha feyk gSA ;g dFku dh 'kSyh ds :i esa

gh lkfgR; dh lHkh izeq[k fo/kkvksa esa vareqZDr jgdj viusvfLrRo dk ifjp; nsus okyh ,d iz[kj 'kSyh ds :i esaLFkku ik jgh gSA gkL;&O;aX; 'kSyh dk iz;ksx djus okyslkfgR;dkj bls Lora= foËkk ekuus dk vkxzg O;Dr djrs gSavkSj muds ikl ,sls rdZ vkSj nyhy gSa tks bl 'kSyh dksLora= foËkk dh Js.kh esa LFkku fnykus esa ,d lhek rdleFkZ gSa fdarq lkfgR;kykspdksa ds ;gka vHkh ;g iz'u fopkjkËkhugh cuk gqvk gSA vafre fu.kZ; dh izrh{kk gS tks O;aX; ys[kdksa}kjk gh 'kk;n r; gksxkA O;aX; dk 'kkL=h; O;kdj.k cutkus ij vkSj leFkZ gkL;&O;aX;dkjksa dh foiqy ek=k esale`º jpuk,a izdk'k esa vkus ij] O;aX;&foËkk ds iSj iwjh'kfDr ds lkFk lkfgR;&'kkL= dh tehu ij fLFkj gks ldsaxsAlqn`<+ Hkwfe ij vofLFkr gkL;&O;aX; dk lkfgR; tc tupsruk dks mº`r djus dk izek.k izLrqr djsxk rc dkSu blsLora= foËkk ekuus ls badkj dj ldsxkA gkL;&O;aX; dhyksdfiz;rk gh bldh nyhy vkSj odhy gksaxsA vkykspdksadh mis{kk ls ijs'kku gksus dh t:jr ughaA

gkL;&O;aX; ekuo dh izœfr dh uSlfxZd nsu gSAeuq"; gh ,d ,slk lpsru izk.kh gS tks gkL;&O;aX; ds }kjkviuh lq[k&nq[kkRed vuqHkwfr;ksa dks izdV djus esa lQygSA i'kq dh izœfr us gkL;ghu cukdj ok.kh dh lcls 'kfDr,oa iz[kj 'kSyh ls oafpr dj fn;k gSA i'kq&i{kh vius izsevkSj ÿksËk dh vfHkO;fDr rks viuh ps"Vkvksa] fofHkUu 'kkjhfjdeqÊkvksa vkSj Hkafxekvksa ls dj nsrs gSa fdarq vius gkL;] O;aX;]fouksn] vkeksn vkSj mYykl dks O;Dr ugha dj ikrsA euq";dks izœfr us ;g vizfre ojnku fn;k gS fd og viusleLr Hkko vkSj euksfodkjksa dks dsoy eqÊkvksa ls gh ugha'kCn&ekË;e ls Hkh izdV dj ldrk gSA tks euq"; lkekftd

O;aX;kykspu

O;aX; % fo}rlekt dk èkeZ

μfot;sUÊ Lukrd

O;aX; ,d la?kVd dyk gS tksthou vkSj lkfgR; nksuksa {ks=ksaesa leku :i ls ikbZ tkrh gSAok.kh&O;kikj dh dksbZ b;Ÿkhugha rks O;aX; dh b;Ÿkk dkfuËkkZj.k dkSu dj ldsxkAÊkSinh us pkj 'kCnksa esa O;aX;fd;k Fkk vkSj mldk izHkkoleLr dkSjo&eaMy ij iM+kvkSj egkHkkjr dk ;qº Bux;kA tud dh lHkk es amifLFkr fo}ku iafMrksa usv"Vkoÿ dh 'kjhj ;f"V ijO;aX; foÊwi dh et+kd fd;kFkk fd leLr fo}reaMyh dksmldk Qy Hkksxuk iM+kAok.kh }kjk O;aX; dk iz;ksxizk;% lHkh prqj ,oa okd~iVqyksx djrs gS aA ;g fdlhikB'kkyk dh foËkk ugha gS vkSju bldks vftZr djus ds fy,dgha izf'k{k.k dsUÊ gSaA


foÊwirkvksa ij O;aX; ugha djrk] naHk vkSj ËkkfeZd ik[kaM ij dqBkjk?kkr ugha djrk] jktuhfrdNy&diV ij djkjh pksV ugha djrk] mYykl vkSj vkeksn ds {k.kksa esa mRQqYy Hkko ls gal ughaldrk] og euq";] euq"; 'kjhjËkkjh gksdj Hkh ^lk{kkRi'kq% iqPNfo"kk.kghu%* gh dgk tk,xkA

gkL; vkSj O;aX; dk lacaËk cM+k fofp= gSA O;aX; vius dks lw{e] xaHkhj vkSj eeZLi'khZekurk gSA gkL; dks og LFkwy] mFkyk vkSj euksjatd ekudj viuk lxk lgksnj ugha ekurk]gka] lkSrsyk HkkbZ ekudj lax lkFk j[kus esa ladksp ugha djrkA tc xaHkhj O;aX; ds lkFk gkL;lgksnj ds :i esa iz;qDr gksrk gS rc nksuksa feydj ikBd ;k n'kZd dh fpŸk jfŸk dks mYyklls foLQkfjr djrs gSaA pk#Ro rc gkL;&O;aX; dk lgk;d rRo gksrk gSA tc gkL; dk iz;ksxLora= :i ls fdlh Hkko] fopkj] ?kVuk] oLrq] n`'; ;k O;fDr foœr :i dksizLrqr djus ds fy, fd;k tkrk gS rc og gkL; fpŸk dks {k.kHkj ds fy, xqnxqnkdj vkSj mYykflr dj lekIr gks tkrk gSA mldk l‚n; dh psruk ij dksbZ LFkk;hizHkko ugha iM+rkA blhfy, dsoy gkL; jpuk dks] tks euksjatu ls vfËkd dqN vkSjugha djrh] lkfgR; 'kkL= esa mRœ"V dksfV dh jpuk ugha ekuk tkrkA vkËkqfudle; ds gkL;jl ds dfo lEesyuksa esa bl rjg ds yrhQs] pqVdqys vkfn blhdksfV dh jpuk,a gksrh gSa ftuesa u rks dkO;Ro gksrk gS vkSj u lkekftd psruk dks tkx`r ,oapeRœr djus dh 'kfDr gksrh gSA

O;aX; ,d la?kVd dyk gS tks thou vkSj lkfgR; nksuksa {ks=ksa esa leku :i ls ikbZ tkrhgSA ok.kh&O;kikj dh dksbZ b;Ÿkh ugha rks O;aX; dh b;Ÿkk dk fuËkkZj.k dkSu dj ldsxkA ÊkSinhus pkj 'kCnksa esa O;aX; fd;k Fkk vkSj mldk izHkko leLr dkSjo&eaMy ij iM+k vkSj egkHkkjrdk ;qº Bu x;kA tud dh lHkk esa mifLFkr fo}ku iafMrksa us v"Vkoÿ dh 'kjhj ;f"V ijO;aX; foÊwi dh et+kd fd;k Fkk fd leLr fo}reaMyh dks mldk Qy Hkksxuk iM+kA ok.kh}kjk O;aX; dk iz;ksx izk;% lHkh prqj ,oa okd~iVq yksx djrs gSaA ;g fdlh ikB'kkyk dh foËkkugha gS vkSj u bldks vftZr djus ds fy, dgha izf'k{k.k dsUÊ gSaA lkekftd] jktuhfrd ,oaËkkfeZd thou dh folaxfr;ksa] foÊwirkvksa] ik[kaM vkSj Nyukvksa ds eË; thou;kiu djusokyk izR;sd O;fDr O;aX; dh lkexzh ls f?kjk jgrk gSA bl lkexzh dks Hkyh&Hkkafr ns[k&le>dj tks O;fDr blds ;FkkFkZ ds mn~?kkVu dh 'kfDr j[krk gS ogh O;aX; ys[ku esa lQy gksldrk gSA O;aX; ys[kd dks thou esa O;kIr lR; vkSj ;FkkFkZ ds fudV jgdj mldh lghigpku djuh gksrh gSA thou ls lhËkk lk{kkRdkj djds gh O;aX; fy[kk tk ldrk gSAO;aX;dkj dh jpukËkfeZrk ds izsjd rRo gSa folaxfr] foMEcuk] deZ oS"kE; vkSj Ny&Nn~eiw.kZik[kaMA ;s foijhr lkekftd fLFkfr;ka gh O;aX;dkj dks rhoz vkÿks'k ls eFk Mkyrh gSa vkSjmlds Hkhrj for`".kk txkdj mls l`tu dh izsj.kk nsrh gSaA

dgk tkrk gS fd O;aX; ,d rh[kh] dpksVHkjh] d'kk?kkr dh eeZUrqn 'kSyh gSA bl 'kSyhdk ckadiu ikBd dks oSpkfjd Lrj ij vkyksfM+r&foyksfM+r dj Mkyrk gSA dkO; dhfLuXËk&'khryok.kh dk izHkko O;aX; 'kSyh esa ugha gksrk Qyr% og gekjh psruk esa mFky&iqFky


dj nsrk gS] 'kfDr vkSj larks"k dk Hkko ugha txkrkA Lej.k jgs fd O;aX; dk dke 'kkafr vkSj'khryrk iSnk djuk ugha gS] O;aX; izgkj djrk gS vkSj ml izgkj ls lekt esa O;kIr lHkh izdkjdh folaxfr;ka vkSj foÊwirk,a mn~?kkfVr gks tkrh gSa vkSj ikBd muds izfr ltx gks tkrk gSAO;aX; blds vkxs dqN ugha djrkA le>nkj ds eu esa folaxfr ds izfr foÊksg dk Hkko tkxukgh O;aX;dkj dk y{; gSA ;fn dqRlk vkSj dnkpkj ds izfr O;aX; jpuk ls for`".k dk HkkomRiUu gksrk gS rks ;gh mldh lkFkZdrk gSA

O;aX;dkj dh Hkk"kk vkSj dFku 'kSyh lkekU; ys[kdksa ls dqN fHkUu gksrh gSA vkËkqfud;qx esa fganh ds O;aX;dkj bl 'kSyh fHkUurk dks Lohdkj ugha djrsA os ;g rks ekurs gSa fdO;aX; dh vkËkkjf'kyk O;atuk gSA vfHkËkk ls O;aX; dk iwjh rjg fuokZg ugha gksrkA vfHkËkkewydO;aX; ys[ku vis{kkœr dfBu gS vr% O;atuk dh gh ewy esa j[kdj O;aX; fy[kk tkrk gSAfdarq ;g O;atuk Ëofu flºkar esa izfrikfnr O;atuk u gksdj vfHkuo 'kSyh ds O;aX; lsleqnwr gSA O;atuk dk ;g ,d uwru iz;ksx gS tks vFkZ foLrkj ls gh le>k tk ldrk gSAloZgkjk 'kksf"kr oxZ dh nqjkoLFkk dk o.kZu djuk vfHkËkkewyd o.kZu gSA ;g O;aX;dFku ughagSA fdarq 'kks"kd iwathifr dk mldh Hkksxijd p;kZ ds lkFk o.kZu esa izPNUu O;aX; gh'kksf"kr&ihfM+r oxZ dks mldh 'kks"k.k izfÿ;k ds eË; mtkxj djuk gSA bl izdkj ds o.kZuksaesa Hkk"kk dh oDrrk vkSj yk{kf.kdrk gh dke vkrh gSA varfoZjksËkksa ds ?kVkVksi esa ?kqldj ;fndksbZ mudk lgh fp= izLrqr dj ldrk gS rks og 'kfDr dsoy O;aX; esa gSA ,sls volj ij O;aX;pqVhyk] rh[kk] iz[kj vkSj vkÿked cudj lkeus vkrk gS vkSj iwjh fuHkhZdrk ls viuh vux<+Hkk"kk&'kSyh esa cksyrk gSA ;g vux<+ Hkk"kk fQj Hkh Hknsl ;k v'yhy ugha gksrhA vkÿkedrk dslkFk Hkh O;aX; likV c;kuh dk lgkjk ugha ysrkA ;fn O;aX; esa likV c;kuh gh izeq[k jgs rks ogviuh ekfeZdrk [kksdj rF;&dFku ek= jg tk,xkA mls i<+dj ikBd ds eu esa u rks fdlhizdkj dh mRlqdrk iSnk gksxh vkSj u og dqrwgy ds lkFk eu dks peRœr gh dj ldsxkA

vkËkqfud ;qx esa O;aX;dkjksa dks O;oLFkk ij pksV djus dk cgqr lqanj volj fey jgkgSA vkt O;oLFkk lkekftd U;k; ds LFkku ij vuSfrd] Hkz"V] vlaxr] dqfRlr] vU;k;iw.kZ]tM+] #X.k vkSj ttZj gksdj vius nkf;Ro vkSj drZO; ls HkVd xbZ gSA bl HkVdu dks lHkhfcUnqvksa ij idM+ ikus dk dke O;aX;dkj djrk gSA O;aX; lkekftd folaxfr;ksa] dFkuhdjuh dh fo"kerkvksa] Hkz"Vkpkjiw.kZ thou ppkZvksa dk inkZQk'k dj LoLFk lapsruk dk fuekZ.kdjus esa ;ksx nsrk gSA O;aX; ys[kd ds fy, fo"k; dh dksbZ lhek ugha gksrh] tgka dghadk;Zdyki esa ËkwrZrk] Ny] diV] csbZekuh] vuSfrdrk O;kIr gks ogha O;aX; dh igqap gks tkrhgSA bu lc fo"ke fLFkfr;ksa dk ys[kk&tks[kk O;aX;dkj lekt dks viuh 'kSyh ls lpsr djrkgS vkSj cnyko ds fy, izsfjr djrk gSA O;aX;dkj dh utj ogka tkrh gS tgka djkg gS] d"VgS] phRdkj gS] ohHkRl vkSj foÊwi gSA iqfyl ds vR;kpkj] fj'or[kksjh] ykyQhrk'kkgh]vQlj'kkgh] dkykcktkjh] dkykËku] pqukoh gFkdaMs] tkyh fMxzh] tkyh jkstukeps] dqfRlrizse lacaËk] ;kSu lacaËk vkfn izla[; fo"ke O;aX; dh lhek eas vkrs gSaA vkt dh ny&cnyw


jktuhfr vkSj iy&iy esa eu ifjorZu djus okys jktuhfrK rks O;aX;dkj ds fy, lclsle`º vkSj jkspd fo"k; gSaA dqlhZ ds fy, gk; rkSck djus okys jktusrkvksa ij O;aX;dkj usdM+h ljy Hkk"kk esa fy[kk gS] ^yksx dgrs gSa Hkkjr œf"k izËkku ns'k gSA eSa dgrk gwa Hkkjr dqlhZizËkku ns'k gSA* bl NksVs ls dFku dh pksV fdruh O;kid gS ;g izR;sd Hkkjroklh Hkyh&Hkkafrtkurk gSA bl lVhd O;aX; ls fdlh O;fDr fo'ks"k ij pksV u djds O;aX;dkj us mujktusrkvksa dh eukso`fŸk ij pksV dh gS tks dqlhZ ds ihNs nkSM+rs gSa] lEeku ds ihNs nkSM+rs gSa]vfËkdkj ds ihNs nkSM+rs gSaA nkf;Ro vkSj drZO;cksËk ls mUgsa dksbZ eryc ugha gSA

vkt ds O;aX;dkjksa dh igyh Hkwfe jktuhfr ds O;kid {ks= esa lqyHk gqbZA bl Hkwfe dknl xquk tek dj os HkwfeËkj cu x;sA jktuhfr] jktuhfrd ikfVZ;ka] ikfVZ;ksa dsflºkar&?kks"k.kk i=] dk;Z iºfr] eaf=;ksa dh thoup;kZ] ny&cny esa vkDrk dhvkokt+ vkfn vusd fo"k;ksa ls O;aX;dkjksa dks izHkwr lkexzh izkIr gks jgh gS] fdarqjktuhfr ds f[kykM+h bu O;aX;dkjksa ls Mjs ugha] fopfyr ugha gq, oju~ viusHkz"Vkpkj dks f'k"Vkpkj ds :i esa ifj.kr djds pSu dh ckalqjh ctk jgs gSaA lektesa nwljk oxZ m|ksxifr;ksa vkSj O;kikfj;ksa dk gS tks O;aX;dkj dks izpqj ek=k esa vPNhlkexzh nsrk gS] dkykcktkj vkSj CySdeuh vusd uke Ëkkj.k dj vkt O;kikfj;ksa dh frtksfj;kaHkj jgk gSA O;aX;dkj dh vka[k ml Hkjh frtksjh ij yxh gSA izk.k dk izcqº O;aX;dkj:f<+&ijEijkvksa dh f[kYyh mM+kus okyk ugha gSA vkt ds O;aX;dkj us izkphu dFkkvksavk[;kuksa vkSj pfj=ksa ds vkËkkj ij tgka orZeku ;qx dh lanHkZxr fLFkfr;ksa dk izrhdkRedeksM+ fn;k gS ogha lkekftd cksËk dk Hkh fp=.k fd;k gSA jkxnjckjh] vkËkk xkao] izksQsljiqjk.k] ,d vkSj eq[;ea=h] Vhih 'kqDy vkfn miU;kl bl 'kSyh ds Js"B fun'kZu gSaA bl {ks=esa dgkfu;ksa dk rks vEckj yx x;k gSA

O;aX; ys[kdksa dk fganh esa vPNk&[kklk teko iM+k gSA i=&if=dkvksa esa ,d&nksO;aX; ys[k izk;% fey gh tkrs gSaA ftuds uke O;aX; miU;kl ys[kdksa esa LFkkfir gks pqds gSamuls vki lc Hkyh Hkkafr ifjfpr gSaA gfj'kadj ijlkbZ] 'kjn tks'kh] johUÊukFk R;kxh]Jhyky 'kqDy] jkËkkœ".k] ds-ih- lDlsuk] ujsaÊ dksgyh] xksiky prqosZnh] Jhdkar pkSËkjh]fuf'kdkar] lw;Zckyk] vtkr'k=q] y{ehdkar oS".ko] 'kadj iq.krkacsdj] Kku prqosZnh] izsetuest;] gjh'k uoy] lqjs'k dkar vkfn izeq[k ys[kd gSaA NqViqV fy[kus okys rks rhu&pkjntZu ys[kd gksaxsA

O;aX; vkSj gkL; ds vkyEcu vkSj izHkko esa varj gSA O;aX; dk vkyEcu rks O;fDrfo'ks"k gksrk gS fdarq mldh O;aX;kRedrk lektksUeq[kh gksrh gSA O;fDr ds ekË;e ls O;aX; mlo`fŸk dks mtkxj djrk gS tks lekt dks ltx cukrh gSA gkL; mUeqDr jfr dh ifjpk;d gS]gkL; dh mRifŸk esa izQqYyrk vkSj ladksp dk vHkko vfuok;Z gSA dfo lEesyuksa ds izfr euesa fouksn] euksjatu] mYya?ku dk mn; gksxk fdarq O;aX; djus okys ds izfr ÿksËk] oSj }s"k dkHkko tkxsxkA O;aX; dk lacaËk cqfº ls gS gkL; dk ‚n; lsA bu nksuksa o`fŸk;ksa dk varj djrs


le; Ë;ku j[kuk pkfg, fd O;aX; dgha&dgha gkL; }kjk dh izdV gksrk gSA Êksinh dknq;ksZËku ij galuk ;k u galuk ugha Fkk] ml gkL; esa O;aX; ds dM+os cht fNis FksA Êksinh lkeus[kM+s nq;ksZËku ij galh Fkh fdarq ml gkL; ds cht mlds tud ds vax fodkj esa fNis FksA gkL;lnk vfHkËkk vkSj y{k.kk dh Hkwfe ij gksrk gS tcfd O;aX; y{k.kk vkSj O;atuk ds Hkhrj jgdjviuk izHkko fn[kkrk gSA O;aX;&izNUu vFkZ dk nwljk uke gS ftlds ihNs O;atuk O;kikj dhfÿ;k pyrh jgrh gSA O;aX; vkykspuk dk izeq[k vL= gSA dqN yksx O;aX; dks dqfVy] rh{.kvkSj iSuh pkcqd gh le>rs gSa fdarq ;g le>uk mudh ukle>h gSA O;aX; esa oÿksfDr dksiwjk&iwjk izJ; feyrk gSA O;aX; fo}r lekt dk ËkeZ gS vkSj dwVuhfr dk vkjaHkA

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mPNyucgu ds gksLVy tkus ds ctk; mlus loZizFke eqacbZ esa iqjkus lky dh fonkbZ vkSj u;s lky

ds Lokxr&lekjksg dk vkuan ysus dk fu.kZ; fy;kAftl ik°p flrkjk gksVy esa ;g HkO; lekjksg gksus dks Fkk] og mlh gksVy ds lcls eg°xs

dejs esa BgjkA tc og rS;kj gksdj ml gkWy esa igq°pk rks mlus ogk° dh lH;rk ds vuqlkjfdlh vaxzsth 'kjkc ds nks&rhu iSx viuh gyd ds uhps mrkj fy;s vkSj Mkal ds ewM esa vkx;kA ikWi&laxhr dh Ëkqu ij fFkjdrh ,d ;qorh mldh vksj c<+h rks mlus ml ;qorh dksck°gksa esa ysrs gq, cgqr gh lgtrk ls Mkal djuk vkjaHk dj fn;kA okrkoj.k Ëkhjs&Ëkhjs ekndgksrk pyk x;kA ml jkr dk iwjk&iwjk vkuan ysus gsrq og iqu% ,d&nks iSx vius HkhrjmMs+yuk pkgrk FkkA og ;qorh Hkh mlds lkFk gks yhA

nksuksa us ,d lkFk iSx viuh&viuh gyd esa mrkjs vkSj iqu% Mkal djus ds fopkj lsflMkal&LikWVfi dh vksj c<+ gh jgs Fks fd ml jbZltkns dh nf"V Mkal djrs ,d ;qok dkeqd tksM+sij tkdj te xbZA nksuksa 'kjkc ds u'ks dh [kqekjh esa lc dqN Hkwydj engks'kh esa Mkal fd, tkjgs FksA ns[kus okys mudh v'yhy gjdrksa dks ns[kdj ml t'u ds vkuan esa eLr FksA ;gns[kdj mldk u'kk ,dk,d ,sls mrjk tSls lkS fMxzh ls ikjk ,dk,d thjks ij mrj vk;k gksA

;qorh us iwNk] flD;ksa! D;k gqvk\ mËkj ,sls D;k ns[k jgs gks\ vkvks! ge ml tksM+s dksHkh ihNs NksM+ nsa!fi

flugha---ugha!fiflD;ksa!---D;k ckr gS\fiflog yM+dh esjh cgu gSAfiflrks D;k gqvk\---eSa Hkh fdlh dh cgu gw°---Mkfy±x!fi qqq

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esjh ;g fuf'pr Ëkkj.kk gS fd Lora= fopkjd vkSj l`tu&'kfDr&lEiUu dksbZ Hkh dykdkj ;g Lohdkj ugha djrk

fd lkfgR;&l`tu fu#Ìs'; ;k fujFkZd l`f"V gSA Lora=psrkdykdkj ds fy, l`tu ,d f[kyokM+ u gksdj xEHkhjnkf;Ro&lefUor izfÿ;k gSA ^xEHkhj nkf;Ro* dksLohdkj dj] jpuk esa izo`Ÿk gksus ij mls ,d lqfLFkjizfreku dk fuokZg djuk vko';d gSA ,d fof'k"Ve;kZnk mls l`f"V iFk ij vk#<+ j[krh gSA ;ge;kZnk fdlh ck· izHkko ls fuËkk Zfjr ughagksrhμmldk fu;Urk Lo;a dykdkj gksrk gSA Lo;a ekuogksus rFkk lHkh Ëkjkryksa ij ekuo ls lEi`Dr gksus ds dkj.kekuoh; ewY;ksa vFkok lkekftd nkf;Roksa dk lEizs"k.k ghlkfgR; dk okLrfod nkf;Ro gSA lkfgR; esa lkekftdnkf;Roksa dh vfuok;Zrk vkt Lohdkj ugha dh tkrh] fdUrqekuo ds izfr ewy vkLFkk&Hkkouk Hkh vkt ds lkfgR; esa ughagS] ,slk loZrksHkkosu eSa ugha ekurkA tks lkfgR;dkj viuhekuooknh vkLFkk esa vfMx gS og vius lkfgR; esa ekuo dhizfr"Bk vkSj e;kZnk dks vukgr vkSj v{kq..k j[kdj ghlUrq"V gks ldrk gSA ;g Bhd gS fd lkfgR;dkj dh viuh#fp] viuh xfr dks ge ekuoh; ewY;ksa ls jfgr ugha ekuldrsA ;g Lej.k j[kuk pkfg, fd fo'o&bfrgkl dk fuekZrk;k fu;Urk ekuo gh gSA dksbZ Hkh thou&n'kZu ;k lkfgfR;dfpUru ekuo dks NksM+dj iw.kZ ugha gksrkA ftl jpuk dhizsjd 'kfDr ekuoh; vkLFkk u gksdj dqN vkSj gksxh og u rksLFkk;h jpuk cu ldsxh vkSj u mlds izlkj&izpkj dk mi;qDrvolj dHkh vk;sxkA egkHkkjrdkj us cM+s xgjs esa mrjdjiw.kZ fpUru ds ckn gh dgk Fkk fd bl txr~ esa ekuo lsJs"Brj dqN ugha gSA vr% ekuo ds leLr iz;Ru] dyk

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lkfgR; esankf;Ro vkSj

O;fDrRo dkiz'u

μfot;sUÊ Lukrd

lkfgR; dk s O;fDroknhlhekvksa esa vkcº djus okysdykdkj ;g Hkwy tkrs gSa fdlkfgR;] O;fDr] er] okn]dky ;k ns'k dh lhek esa ckaËkkugha tk ldrkA lalkj esa Js"BlkfgR; ds :i esa LohœrlkfgR; rHkh curk gS tcdksbZ jpuk O;fDr fo'ks"k dhlhek dks yka?kdj l‚n;lekt rd igqap tkrh gSAdykdkj ds oS;fDrd mn~xkjdks tc lekt us Lohdkjfd;k] rHkh dykdkj dks Hkhlekt dh O;kid lŸkk dksekudj pyuk iM+kAdnkfpr~ lkËkkj.khdj.k dhizfÿ;k ds ewy esa Hkh ;ghËkkj.kk jgh gSA


vkSj foKku ds leLr l`tu ,oa laËkku] vUr esa ,d gh y{; ij dsfUÊr gksrs gSaμvkSj og gSekuoA

lkfgR; ds izfreku ewy ekuoh; izfrekuksa ls fHkUu ;k muds fojksËkh ugha gks ldrsAftu fo"k;ksa dk o.kZu lkfgR;dkj viuh jpukvksa esa djrk gS mudh O;kidrk vkSj fofoËkrkfdruh gh D;ksa u gks] mudk ,d fljk vo'; dgha&u&dgha ekuo ds lkFk caËkk gqvk gksxkAHkko vkSj euksfodkj] ftuds varxZr uojl vkfn dk O;kid iziap lek;k gqvk gS] ekuo lsbrj dqN ugha gSA izœfr ds HkO; vkSj vkd"kZd n`';] Lora= gksrs gq, Hkh ekuo&eu dsifjrks"k ds fy, gh lkfgR; esa x`ghr gksrs gSaA izœfr pkgs vkyEcu gks ;k mÌhiu] nksuksa :iksa esaog ekuo ds fufeŸk gh gSA jktuhfr] vFkZuhfr vkSj lektuhfr ds fofoËk fo"k; izR;{k :ils ekuo dh thou&;k=k ds lksiku&ek= gSa ftu ij gksdj og viuh xfr dks vuojr tkjhj[krk gSA ekuo&thou vkSj ekuo ds dk;ks± dh b;Ÿkk ugha gSA ekuo ds fodkl dhlaHkkouk,a vlhe gSaA ,d dky vkSj ,d ns'k esa ekuo viuh iw.kZrk dh pje lhek ij ughaigqap tkrkA lrr iz;Ru djrs jgus ij og fodkl dh laHkkoukvksa dks pfjrkFkZ dj ikrk gS];gh mlds fodkl dh dFkk gSA vkt dk lkfgR;dkj viuh jpuk esa ftu ekU;rkvksa ;kewY;ksa dks izfreku ds :i esa Lohdkj dj jgk gS] og ekuo dh fodklksUeq[kh laHkkoukvksa dh>kadh ek= gh gSA vki mls lkfgR;dkj dh fopkjËkkjk ek= u le>saA lkfgR;dkj dkekSfyd foosd fujUrj u;s izfrekuksa dks fodflr djrk gqvk bfrgkl dks euksokafNr fn'kk esaeksM+rk vk;k gSA vkt Hkh og vius l`tu }kjk mls ,d uohu fn'kk dh vksj vxzlj gksus dhizsj.kk ns jgk gSA

fdlh ijEijkuqeksfnr ekxZ dk vUËkkuqdj.k lkfgR;dkj dks ugha djuk pkfg,A HkkovkSj fopkj ds {ks= esa gh ugha] 'kSyh&f'kYi ds fy, Hkh mls ijEijk dk leFkZd ugha gksuk gSAvr% ;g yx ldrk gS fd og oS;fDrd n`f"V esa fleVdj jg x;k gS] fdUrq rF; blds Bhdfoijhr gSaμvkËkqfud ;qx ds lkfgR;dkj dh n`f"V esa bruk O;kid izlkj gS fd og ekuo dhvlhe laHkkoukvksa esa fo'okl djus ds dkj.k mlds vijks{k :i ls gh rq"V ugha jg x;k gSAog pkgrk gS fd tks dqN ekuo dk ijks{k gS og Hkh mn~?kkfVr gks vkSj lkfgR; dk fo"k; cusAvkËkqfud ;qx esa oSKkfud vkfo"dkjksa dh izxfr us bruh f{kizrk ls dne c<+k;s gSa fdvkarfjd vkfRed mUes"k vkSj lkekftd fodkl vis{k;k fiNM+ x;k gS] Qyr% lkfgR;dkjdks viuh jpuk esa lEiw.kZ ekuo&izxfr dks fpf=r djuk dfBu izrhr gksus yxk gSA

vkt ds lkfgR;dkj dks ftl ekuo&lekt esa jguk iM+ jgk gS og iqjkru dky ;keË;;qxhu lekt ls furkUr fHkUu gSA lwj vkSj rqylh ds lkfgfR;d izfreku bZ'ojh; :i esaekuo ds izfr"Bkid dgs tk ldrs gSaA dchj vkSj ukud dh ok.kh esa ekuokRek ds mUu;udh gh iqdkj gS fdUrq ftl lkekftd ifjos'k esa mUgksaus ekuo dks psrkouh nsus dk miÿe


fd;k gS oSlk ijorhZ vU; dfo;ksaμlwj] rqylh] ehjk] jl[kku vkfn us ugha fd;kA bldsckn jhfrdky ds dfo;ksa us ftl lekt dk fp= vafdr fd;k mldk ekuo eË;dky lsfHkUu gks x;k Fkk] vr% mldk fp=.k Hkh fHkUu Ëkjkry vkSj f'kYi ds }kjk gqvkA ;g ,difjorZuÿe gS tks fodlu'khy lkfgR; esa lnSo yf{kr fd;k tk ldrk gSA ekufldfodkl vkSj Kkuo`fº ds lkFk] ekuo ifjfLFkfr;ksa ds lkFk u;s vkSj vfËkd laxr lEcUËkLFkkfir djrk vk;k gSA l`f"V ds vkfndky ls vkt rd mldh pSrU;&fodkl dh ijEijkv{kq..k jgh gSA tks fo'okl iqjkru dky esa fu"Bk ls mn~Hkwr gksdj lekt esa xgjs lek;s gq,Fks ogh vkËkqfud ;qx esa mUehfyr gksdj vaËkfo'okl dgs tkus yxs gSaA ltx lkfgR;dkj blifjofrZr fLFkfr ls voxr gS vkSj R;Dr fo'oklksa dk vkJ; ysdj jpuk ughadjuk pkgrkA ekuo dh lcls cM+h fo'ks"krk mldh Lokra´;&Hkkouk gSA Lora=rkdh vksj mUeq[k jguk mlds fy, lgt vkSj LokHkkfod thou&izfÿ;k dk vax cux;k gSA ftthfo"kk ds ckn] eSa Lora=rk dks gh ekuo dh fiz;re Li`gk le>rk gwaAvkt dk lkfgR;dkj Lora=rk dks viuh œfr esa vusd :iksa esa vafdr djrk gS]og u rks fdlh jktlHkk dk leFkZd gS vkSj u fdlh ËkeZlŸkk dkA mUeqDr fpUru&iºfr dsdkj.k og HkzkfUr mlds fo"k; esa gks ldrh gS fd dgha og ekuo dks foLe`r gh rks ugha djcSBk gS] fdUrq ;g Hkzkafr gh gS] lR; ughaA tc lkfgR;dkj LokËkhu fpUru vkSj LokËkhu ys[kuij fuHkZj djsxk rc y{;Hkz"V ugha gksxkA fdlh laLFkk] lEiznk;] lŸkk ;k O;fDr ds vkfJrgksdj fy[kus okys ys[kd ;k dfo dh lhek,a gksrh gSaA mlds fpUru ij lŸkk ;k Lokeh dkvadq'k jgrk gS tSlk fd fdlh va'k esa jktnjckj ds dfo;ksa ij ge ns[k ldrs gSaA vkt dklkfgR;dkj vkSj fdlh :i esa vkfJr Hkys gh gks fdUrq njckj dk vkfJr og gfxZt ugha gSAtks ljdkjh laLFkkuksa esa jgdj lkfgR;&l`tu dj jgs gSa] os Hkh njckjh Hkkouk ls vNwrs gSa vkSjLora= fpUru dk {kj.k ugha gksus nsrsA

lkfgR;dkj ds nkf;Ro dk iz'u vusd lanHkks± esa mBk;k tkrk gSA lkfgR; dk iz;kstuvkSj dkj.k fu:fir djrs le; Hkh lkfgR;dkj ds nkf;Ro dh leL;k lkeus vkrh gSAlkfgR; dks vkRekfHkO;atu ekuus okys leh{kd Hkh lkfgR;dkj ds lkekftd nkf;Ro dksloZFkk vks>y ugha cuk lds gSaA dykdkj dk vkRekfHkO;atu fu#Ìs'; ;k vuxZy ugha gksrkAHkko ;k fopkj dks O;Dr djus okyk dfo ;k ys[kd vius le{k ,d Ë;s; j[krk gS vkSjlEizsf"kr Hkko ;k fopkj dks lekt ds fdlh u fdlh oxZ ds fy, izLrqr djrk gSAvkRekfHkO;fDr dk lq[k rks og izkIr djrk gh gS] fdUrq izPNUu :i ls lekt&fuekZ.k dhizsj.kk Hkh mlds Hkhrj jgrh gSA dsoy vfHkO;fDr esa lq[k dh dYiuk Hkh dqN leh{kdksa usdh gS vkSj rqylhnkl ds ^LokUr%lq[kk;* in dks vius leFkZu esa mº`r fd;k gSA esjk fuosnugS fd rqylh LokUr%lq[kk; dgdj vius lkekftd nkf;Ro ls eqfDr ugha ikuk pkgrs] oju~


mudk rkRi;Z dsoy bruk gh gS fd mudks jke ds xq.kxku esa vykSfdd larks"k izkIr gksrk gS]Ëku vkSj ;'k dh dkeuk ls og dkO;&l`tu esa izo`Ÿk ugha gq, gSaA rqylh dk rkRi;Z ;gdnkfi ugha Fkk fd og Jksrkvksa (lkekftd) ds fy, dkO; ugha fy[k jgs gSaA rqylhnkljkepfjrekul fy[kdj vj.;&jksnu ugha dj jgs gSaA mUgksaus dgk gS fd ^tks izcUËk cqËk ufgavknjgha] lks Je okfn cky dfo djghaA*

esjh viuh lEefr esa lPpk lkfgR;dkj og gS tks viuh vfHkO;fDr vkSj viuh xjtdks lekt dh] Jksrk ;k ikBd dh xjt cukus esa lQy gksrk gSA ;g Bhd gS fd yksd#fp dhnklrk djuk ;k mldk vaËkkuqdj.k djuk lkfgR;dkj dks 'kksHkk ugha nsrk] fdUrq viuh leFkZok.kh ls og yksd dks viuh vksj vkœ"V djrk gS] yksd dk leFkZu izkIr djrk gSA tksdykdkj yksd dk leFkZu izkIr djus esa vleFkZ jgrk gS og LFkkf;Ro izkIr ugha dj ldrkAyksd#fp dk leFkZu djuk ;k ikuk gh lekt&fuekZ.k ds nkf;Ro dk fuokZg djuk gSA bldlkSVh ij vki okYehfd] O;kl] dkfynkl] HkoHkwfr] lwj] rqylh] izlkn] izsepUn] HkkjrsUnqvkSj eSfFkyh'kj.k xqIr dks iw.kZ :i ls [kjk ik;saxsA budh jpukvksa esa yksd&laxzg dk iwjhrjg fuokZg gqvk gSA ;s dfo vkSj ys[kd fo'kqº vkuUnksn~xkj ds pDdj esa ugha iM+sAbUgksaus lekt&fuekZ.k dk nkf;Ro lkeus j[kdj l`tu fd;k Fkk] rHkh budh œfr;ka vejgks ldh gSaA

lkfgR; dh nsu dk ewY;kadu LFkwy Ëkjkry ij laHko ugha gSA ;fn ge HkkSfrd fuekZ.kdh rjg dykRed fuekZ.k dks vkadus dk iz;kl djsaxs rks fu'p; gh fdlh fu.kZ; ij ughaigqap ldsaxsA dykRed l`tu esa oS;fDrd izsj.kk jgrh gS] blls budkj ugha fd;k tk ldrk]fdUrq oS;fDrd izsj.kk ls mn~Hkwr lkfgR; Hkh nks {ks=ksa esa viuh œrdk;Zrk izdV djrk gSAlkfgR;dkj ckgjh :i ls eu dh rjaxksa ij [ksyrk gSA bl fuekZ.k esa og viuh O;fDrxrvfHk#fp dh r`fIr dk vkuUn izkIr djrk gSA bl vkuUn dks mlls Nhuus dk vfËkdkj fdlhdks ugha gSA l`tu ds {k.kksa esa og pÿorhZ lezkV~ ds leku ,dN= 'kklu dk lq[k ysrk gSA;g ije lq[k mldk tUeflº vfËkdkj gSA varjax :i ls lkfgR;dkj dk ,d nwljk Hkhnkf;Ro gksrk gS ftldh og mis{kk ugha djrkA og nkf;Ro gS viuh œfr ds ekË;e lsyksdkpkj vkSj yksduhfr dk fuËkkZj.k rFkk ËkeZ] uhfr] n'kZu vkfn xaHkhj leL;kvksa dk viuhœfr ds ekË;e ls lekËkku izLrqr djukA ftl lekt dk og vax gS mldh vkLFkk] Ëkkj.kk]Hkkouk] fopkj vkSj bPNk&vkdka{kkvksa dks vfHkO;fDr nsukA tks lkfgR;dkj dsoy oS;fDrdvfHkO;fDr rd gh vius dks lhfer cuk;s j[krs gSa] muds lkfgR; dks u rks lkekftdLohœfr feyrh gS vkSj u og LFkkf;Ro dks izkIr gksrk gSA

tks dfo ;k ys[kd viuh O;fDrxr lhekvksa esa jgdj lkfgR;&l`tu djrs gSa] mudhmiyfCËk ij uqDrkphuh djus dk vfËkdkj izR;sd ltx ikBd dks izkIr gSA rqylhnkl


jkepfjrekul fy[krs le; viuh oS;fDrd lhekvksa vkSj vkos"Vuksa esa Qals gq, ugha Fks]oju~ muds Hkhrj&ckgj ,d fojkV thou fgyksjsa ys jgk FkkA mls ge lekt ds fuekZ.k dhizsjd Hkkouk ekurs gSaA rqylhnkl ds le{k fofoËk lkekftd ewY;ksa vkSj uSfrd ekuksa dslaxBu dk iz'u Fkk] mudh n`f"V leUo; ds ml fcUnq ij dsfUÊr Fkh tks fo?kfVr vkSjfo‹k`a[kfyr dks lefUor djus okyk FkkA Qyr% mUgksaus lkfgR; ds ekË;e ls tks dqN O;Drfd;k og lekt }kjk Lohœr gqvk vkSj yksddY;k.k dh n`f"V ls og ns'k&dky dh lhekdk vfrÿe.k dj 'kk'or :i esa xzg.k fd;k x;kA

lkfgR; dks O;fDroknh lhekvksa esa vkcº djus okys dykdkj ;g Hkwy tkrs gSa fdlkfgR;] O;fDr] er] okn] dky ;k ns'k dh lhek esa ckaËkk ugha tk ldrkA lalkj esaJs"B lkfgR; ds :i esa Lohœr lkfgR; rHkh curk gS tc dksbZ jpuk O;fDr fo'ks"kdh lhek dks yka?kdj l‚n; lekt rd igqap tkrh gSA dykdkj ds oS;fDrdmn~xkj dks tc lekt us Lohdkj fd;k] rHkh dykdkj dks Hkh lekt dh O;kidlŸkk dks ekudj pyuk iM+kA dnkfpr~ lkËkkj.khdj.k dh izfÿ;k ds ewy esa Hkh;gh Ëkkj.kk jgh gSA tks Hkko ;k fopkj lkËkkj.khœr gksdj ikBd ;k Jksrk rd ugha igqap ikrk]mls lkfgR;{ks= esa cfg"œr j[kus dh ckr dkO;'kkL= ds xzaFkksa esa Li"Vr% dgh xbZ gSA

vkËkqfud dkO; ds O;fDroknh gksus ds dkj.kksa ij ;fn n`f"Vikr djsa] rks mlds ihNsizkphu uhfr&lkfgR; dh izfrfÿ;k gh vkidks feysxhA Nk;koknh ;qx ls gh O;fDroknhlkfgR; dh ijEijk izkjEHk gks tkrh gSA oS;fDrd dqaBkvksa vkSj ihM+kvksa dk lkfgR; tc rdlekt ds lkFk lkoZHkkSe Ëkjkry ij vkdj tuekul esa ?kqy&fey ugha tkrk] rc rd LFkk;hugha curkA lPps lkfgR;dkj ekuo&fodkl dh ewy ijEijk vkSj izokg dk Ë;ku j[krs gq,l`tu esa yhu gksrs gSaA ekuo dh ewy&izo`fŸk;ksa dks Ë;ku esa j[krs gq, oS;fDrd n`f"V dksv{kq..k j[kk tk ldrk gSA tks bldk Ë;ku j[krs gSa] os vius nkf;Ro dk fuokZg djrs gq,Js"B lfgR;dkj ds :i esa lekn`r gksrs gSaA ewy izokg dks NksM+dj vkdk'kxaxk cgkus okysdykdkj dh jpuk dk egRo {k.kthoh gksrk gS] mls dkyt;h gksus dk lkSHkkX; ugha feyrkA

vc vkËkqfud lkfgR;dkj ds O;fDrokn dks ysaA O;fDroknh Loj dks izËkkurk nsusokys vkËkqfud dfo vkSj ys[kd ;g rdZ nsdj vius i{k dk leFkZu djrs gSaμ^;g ekuukiM+sxk fd lekt] ns'k vkSj jk"V™μbu lcds vfrfjDr Hkh ekuo&thou dk ,d O;fDrxrLrj gSA og dqN nsj ds fy, viuh n`f"V ls Hkh lksp ldrk gS] le> ldrk gS vkSj gks ldrkgS fd og vR;fËkd O;fDroknh Hkh gksA fQj ;g dguk fd dyk dk O;fDroknh :i loZFkkR;kT; gksuk pkfg,] loZFkk Hkzked vkSj vlR; gSA vgaoknh lz"Vk gksus ds fy, Hkh rdZ izLrqrfd;s tkrs gSa vkSj vga dks izœfr ekuk tkrk gS] foœfr ughaA vga dsoy vius vfLrRo dhekax djrk gS] mldh Lohœfr pkgrk gS vkSj mlds ekË;e ls thou] lkSUn;Z vkSj lekt dk


lk{kkRdkj djuk pkgrk gSA vga dh vuqHkwfr izKk dh vuqHkwfr gS] mlesa fufgr lR; vkRekuqHkwfrdk lR; gS] vr% ;g lkspuk fd vga esa vkLFkk j[kus ds dkj.k dksbZ izo`fŸk fuEu Lrj dh gkstk;sxh] loZFkk vlaxr gSA* bu iafDr;ksa esa Li"V gh O;fDr vkSj mldh vga&psruk dh cM+stksjnkj 'kCnksa esa odkyr dh xbZ gSA ;gka vga dh Lohœfr esa vkRekfHkO;fDr dk Hkh izPNUu:i ls leFkZu gSA orZeku thou ds lUnHkZ esa] ;g vko';d gS fd O;fDr ds vfuok;ZvfLrRo dks Lohdkj dj mlds lanHkZ esa gh thou dks Lohdkj fd;k tk;sA lkfgR; ;k dykds {ks= esa lkfgR;dkj dk vga ,d fo'ks"k egŸo j[krk gSA bldh mikns;rk ds lEcUËk esa ;gHkh dgk tkrk gS fd dykdkj dh psruk'kfDr ewy :i esa vkReksiyfCËk ds Lrj ij gh dk;Zdjrh gSA og iqjkru O;oLFkk vkSj fu;eksa dks pqukSrh nsus dk lkgl djrk gS blfy, mldhvga dh vfHkO;fDr vkjksfir u gksdj vko';d gSA

ftruh Hkh vuqHkwfr;ka dykdkj dh jpuk esa LFkku ikrh gSa] os mldh Lolaosnuk lsmn~Hkwr gSa] og O;fDr (dykdkj) gh mudk ekË;e gS rc mlds vga ls vkrafdr gksus dhdkSu&lh ckr gS\ thou ds izfr vkLFkk j[kus okyk lkfgR;dkj gh O;fDroknh vFkokvgaoknh lŸkk dh j{kk dj ldrk gSA

bu lc rdks± vkSj ;qfDr;ksa ds vkËkkj ij ;fn vkËkqfud lkfgR; dh O;fDroknh izo`fŸkij fopkj djsa] rks mls furkar O;FkZ u Bgjk ldsaxsA dkO; esa ;FkkFkZ dh vfHkO;fDr ds fy,]O;fDr&psruk dks ;fn igys ls vfËkd LFkku feyus yxk] rks og vLohdk;Z ugha gksukpkfg,A vki dgsaxs fd vkf[kj lkfgR; dk lEizs"k.k D;k lz"Vk Lo;a vius fy, djrk gS ;kmldh œfr dk y{; mlls ckgj gS\ D;k lkekftd nkf;Ro ls loZFkk vyx jgdj fdlhœfr dks izkekf.kd :i ls Lohœfr feyuk laHko gS\ eSa le>rk gwa fd vkt dk uO;redkO; bl n`f"V ls lektijd ugha gSA 'kk;n blhfy, mls lkekftd Ëkjkry ij Lohœfr Hkhugha fey ik jgh gSA ekuoh; izfreku dh n`f"V ls Hkh bl uO;re dkO; esa deh gS vkSj ekuods izfr lgt vkLFkk dh vfHkO;fDr dk vHkko gksus ls bls ge vHkh viw.kZ&tSlk ikrs gSaAdykdkj dks liz;kl lkekftd nkf;Ro dk fuokZg djus dks foo'k gksuk iM+s] ;g Hkh lq[knfLFkfr ugha gS] fdUrq liz;kl ;fn og vgaoknh ;k O;fDroknh cus rks fuf'pr gh ;glkfgR;&{ks= dh nq%[kn ?kVuk ekuh tk;sxhA eSa bl izdkj dh vkjksfir O;fDroknh izo`fŸk dsi{k esa ugha gwa vkSj eSa mu lc ;qfDr;ksa dks blhfy, T;ksa&dh&R;ksa Lohdkj ugha djrk tksvgaokn ;k O;fDrokn ds leFkZu esa izLrqr dh tkrh gSaA eSa lkfgR; ds lkekftd nkf;Ro vkSjekuo ds izfr ewy vkLFkk&Hkko esa vkt Hkh fo'okl j[krk gwaA vr% O;fDrRo dh xgjh NkivkSj fof'k"V laosnuk dks Lohdkj djrs gq, Hkh ,dkfUrd vkjksfir O;fDrokn dh iqf"V djusdks rRij ugha gwaA izfrcº ys[ku dk i{k eSa ugha ysrk] eSa lEcksfËkr ys[ku ds fy, Hkh vkxzgugha djrk] fdUrq ys[ku ds QfyrkFkZ ij n`f"V j[krs gq, ys[kd dh miyfCËk ij fopkj


djuk pkgrk gwaA tks dqN lkfgR; ds uke ij l`tu gqvk og D;ksa] dSls vkSj dc miyfCËkekuk x;k] ;g rks tkuus dk ikBd ds ukrs esjk vfËkdkj gSA D;k O;fDroknh ys[ku esa ,slhdksbZ fu;e&O;oLFkk gS fd tks dqN fy[kk tk;s og fdlh dks Nq, ugha] mlds }kjk dksbZLifUnr u gks vkSj mldk izHkko dgha yf{kr u fd;k tk lds\ ;fn ,slk gh Ë;s; j[kdjlkfgR;&fuekZ.k gksxk rks mldks miyfCËk ds :i esa dkSu xzg.k djsxk\ dkSu mldk ewY;kadudjsxk\ dkSu mldk Hkkou djsxk\ dSlk gksxk ml lkfgR; dk Hkfo"; ftldk orZeku esa cksËkugha gks ldk\ tks vrhr ls vNwrk] orZeku ls fo;qDr vkSj vukxr ls vlEi`Dr gS mllkfgR; dks ysdj ge D;k djsaxs\

lkfgR; ds O;kid {ks= dks Ë;ku esa j[krs gq, lkfgR; esa erokn ds vkxzgvkSj izpkj ds fo"k; esa fopkj djuk vusd n`f"V;ksa ls mi;ksxh gSA ;|fi ;g fopkjlkfgR; ds ewy mÌs'; ls lhËkk lEcUËk j[krk gS] fdUrq eSa lkfgR; ds mÌs'; dhppkZ u djds dsoy lkfgR; vkSj jktuhfr vFkok le&lkekf;d leL;k vkSjlkfgR; rd vius mŸkj dks lhfer j[kwaxkA

D;k lkfgR; dk iz;kstu lkekftd vkSj jktuhfrd leL;kvksa dk lekËkku ek= gS\D;k lkfgR; fdlh erokn dk izpkjd gksrk gS\ D;k fo'kqº lkfgR; dks lekt vkSj jktuhfrls loZFkk vlEi`Dr j[kuk pkfg,\ bu iz'uksa ds lanHkZ esa gh ge lkfgR; ij fopkj dj ldrsgSaA lkfgR;dkj ,d lkekftd izk.kh gS] fof'k"V izfrHkk vkSj laosnu'khyrk ls ;qDr gksus ij Hkhog lkekftd psruk dks loZFkk foLe`r dj thfor ugha jgukA lkekftd psruk ls lEi`Drjgrs gq, tc og lkfgR;&l`tu esa yhu gksxk rc dsoy dYiuk&yksd esa gh fopj.k ughadjsxk] ml yksd dh ckr Hkh og djrk gS vkSj djsxk ftlesa og lkal ys jgk gSA fdUrq blls;g fu"d"kZ ugha fudkyuk pkfg, fd lkfgR;dkj dks jktuhfrd usrk vFkok vFkZ'kkL=h dhHkkafr leL;kvksa dks LFkwy :i ls mn~?kkfVr djus esa viuh 'kfDr yxkuh pkfg,A buleL;kvksa ij izdk'k Mkyus ;k budk lekËkku [kkstus dh mldh 'kSyh jktuhfrd usrk lsloZFkk fHkUu gSA jksVh] diM+k vkSj edku dk vHkko vkfFkZd leL;k dk igyw gSA bl vHkkodks ukjksa vkSj Hkk"k.kksa ls nwj djus dk iz;Ru jktuhfrd usrk djrs gSaA dfo ;k ys[kd buvHkkoksa dks viuh izfrHkk ls ik=&l`f"V esa lesVdj fpf=r ek= dj nsrs gSaA ml fp=.k dkizHkko ikBd ;k Jksrk ij usrk ds ukjksa ls vfËkd xgjk] O;kid vkSj LFkk;h gksrk gSA vr%jktuhfr dh mis{kk u dj izdkjkUrj ls lkfgR;dkj mls Lohdkj rks djrk gS] fdUrq Ëkjkrydh fHkUurk ls] 'kSyh dh fHkUurk ls vkSj mÌs'; dh fHkUurk ls nksuksa esa ikFkZD; cuk jgrk gSA

lalkj ds fdlh ns'k ds lkfgR;dkj us le&lkef;d leL;kvksa vkSj ?kVukvksa dhloZFkk vogsyuk ugha dhA lalkj ds izflº egkdkO;ksa ;k ukVdksa dh dFkkoLrq ij ;fn gefopkj djsa rks ns[ksaxs fd ftu eq[; ?kVukvksa ls mudk lEcUËk gS os ?kVuk,a rRdkyhu


jktuhfr vkSj lektuhfr ls ifjiw.kZ gSaA mnkgj.kkFkZ jkek;.k vkSj egkHkkjr dks gh yhft;sAjkek;.k dh dFkk ,d fuokZflr jktdqekj dh dFkk gS] ftlesa v;ksË;k] fdf"dUËkk] yadkvkfn esa ?kfVr ckrsa vuqL;wr gSaA jke vkSj jko.k dk ;qº ,d egku jktuhfrd ?kVuk gSA bljktuhfrd ?kVuk ds ifjizs{; esa ;fn jkek;.k dh dFkk dk vuq'khyu fd;k tk;s] rks jkek;.kdks ge jktuhfr ls jfgr vlkekftd dkO; ugha ekusaxsA blh izdkj egkHkkjr dh leLrizËkku dFkkoLrq esa dkSjo&ik.Moksa dh jktuhfr vk|Ur QSyh gqbZ gSA ml jktuhfr dks i`Fkd~dj nsus ds ckn egkHkkjr dk es#naM gh VwV tkrk gSA Qyr% ge ns[krs gSa fd okYehfd vkSjO;kl us vius egkdkO;ksa esa jktuhfr vkSj lektuhfr dh rfud Hkh mis{kk ugha dh gSAdkfynkl vkSj 'ksDlfi;j tSls fo'kqº jloknh lkfgR;dkjksa ij Hkh vius ;qx ds lkekftdthou dh Nki iwjh rjg yf{kr gksrh gSA blh izdkj xzhd vkSj ySfVu ds lkfgR; esa Hkhjktuhfr dk izHkko ns[kk tk ldrk gSA ;wuku ds Js"B ukVddkj ;wjhfifMl vkSj vkfjLVkaQSalHkh viuh jpukvksa esa jktuhfr dks loZFkk nwj ugha j[k lds gSaA feYVu us LokËkhurk dkt;xku djrs le; rRdkyhu jktuhfrd ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks vR;fËkd izHkkfor fd;k FkkA cdZvkSj ck;ju dh izflfº dk dkj.k rks mudh jktuhfr&izËkku dfork,a gh gSaA vkËkqfudys[kdksa esa ,p-th- osYl rFkk cukZMZ 'kk us lksÌs'; lkfgR;&jpuk dk izfriknu fd;k vkSjjktuhfr dks y{; cukdj miU;kl vkSj ukVdksa dh jpuk dhA

fganh ds lkfgR;dkjksa esa eqa'kh izsepUn dks ge mPp dksfV dk leFkZ dykdkj ekurs gSaAmudh jpukvksa esa Hkh izk;% loZ= rRdkyhu Hkkjrh; lekt rFkk jktuhfr dk o.kZu gh eq[;:i ls ik;k tkrk gSA ftu leL;kvksa dks izsepUn us fpf=r fd;k gS mldk lhËkk lEcUËklkekftd oS"kE; rFkk Hkkjr dh ijkËkhurk ls gSA fdlh Hkh miU;kl dks i<+sa rks vki ns[ksaxs fdizsepUn ds lkeus le&lkekf;d Hkkjrh; lekt dh fofoËk leL;k,a gSaA eSfFkyh'kj.k xqIr]ek[kuyky prqosZnh] fnudj vkfn jk"V™h; dfo;ksa ds lkeus Hkh jktuhfr vkSj vFkZuhfr dsiz'u jgs gSaA fnudj us ^ij'kqjke dh izrh{kk* esa phuh vkÿe.k dh i`"BHkwfe esa ftlthou&n'kZu dks izLrqr fd;k gS] og jktuhfr ij gh vkËk`r gSA ^dq#{ks=* esa Hkh ,d fojkV~leL;k dks mBk;k x;k gS ftldk izR;{k lEcUËk fgalk&vfgalk dh ehekalk ls rFkk ijks{klEcUËk xkaËkhoknh vfgalk ls gSA ;s lHkh iz'u jktuhfr ds gh vax gSaA vki bUgsa n'kZu {ks= esaj[kdj jktuhfr ls nwj ugha dj ldrsA

vaxzsth esa ,d mfDr gS fd fllalkj dk egku lkfgR; vkSj Js"B dyk ,d izpkj(izksiSxsaMk) gSAfi bl mfDr dk vfHkËks;kFkZ eSa xzg.k ugha djuk pkgrk] D;ksafd eSa leLr Js"Bdyk&œfr;ksa dks ek= izksiSxsaMk flº djus ds i{k esa ugha gwaA fdUrq blls tks O;aX;kFkZfudyrk gS og ;g gS fd Js"B dykœfr esa fdlh ,d fopkjËkkjk dk leFkZu jgrk gSA blleFkZu dks izksiSxasMk }kjk vfHkfgr djrs gq, bl mfDr dk iz;ksx gqvk gSA dykdkj dk dke


viuh œfr ds ekË;e ls fdlh ,d Hkko] fopkj] flºkar ;k er dks O;Dr djuk gksrk gS]vr% ftl fopkj ;k er dks iq"V djus esa og 'kfDr yxkrk gS] og izksiSxsaMk ds leku gh gksrhgSA lkekftd oS"kE;] vlkeatL;] mPN`a[kyrk] vuq'kklughurk] vuhfr vkSj vU;k; ds izfrfoÊksg djuk Hkh lkekftd leL;k ij izdk'k Mkyuk gSA oLrqr% lkfgR; bu Toyar iz'uksa dksLohdkj djus ds dkj.k gh gekjs thou dk va'k curk gS vkSj rHkh thou dh ;FkkFkZ ,oaeuksje >kadh gesa ns[kus dks feyrh gSA

Lej.k j[kuk pkfg, fd jktuhfr vkSj lektuhfr Hkh gekjs thou ds cM+s mi;ksxhigyw gSaA jktuhfr ds lkFk lekt ds izR;sd lqlaLœr O;fDr dk O;kogkfjd lEcUËk gSAjktuhfr ls fcYdqy vlEi`Dr jgus dh dYiuk 'kk;n dksbZ lkËkq&laU;klh ;kfojDr gh dj ldrk gSA lekt esa jgus okyk ltx O;fDr bl dYiuk dks dnkfiLohdkj ugha djsxkA tks lekt esa thrk gS mldk lekt ds lkFk ikjLi;Z vkSjizHkkfor gksuk LokHkkfod ,oa vfuok;Z gSA gekjs lkeus teZuh dk mnkgj.k gS] tgkaQkWflLV 'kkludky esa cqfºthoh oxZ us jktuhfr ls vius dks nwj j[kus dk nEHkfd;k FkkA muds cqfºthfo;ksa dh ekU;rk Fkh fd ^dyk] lkfgR;] laxhr] n'kZu] euksfoKku]uhfr'kkL= vkfn vPNh phtsa lkaLœfrd vH;qRFkku esa lgk;d gSa] budk jktuhfr ls dksbZlEcUËk ugha gksuk pkfg,A vr% tks fo'kqº :i ls lkaLœfrd Ëkjkry ij thou;kiu djukpkgrk gS] mls jktuhfr ls cpdj pyuk pkfg,A* bl izdkj dh fopkjËkkjk dk ifj.kke ;ggqvk fd muds }kjk tks lkfgR; jpk x;k og ,dkfUrd gksus ds lkFk lkekU; tu ls i`Fkd~ tkiM+kA bl fcyxko us teZuh esa nks izdkj dh fopkjËkkjkvksa dks tUe fn;k vkSj ukRlh teZuhesa bl izdkj ds lkaLœfrd lkfgR;dkjksa ds fy, dksbZ LFkku ugha jgkA ns'k ls fuokZflr gksdjmUgsa ;g vuqHkwfr gqbZ fd gekjh fopkjËkkjk ,dkaxh vkSj viw.kZ FkhA ;fn ml le; teZuh dsys[kd jktuhfr dks Lohdkj dj tuekul dks ÿkafr ds fy, rS;kj dj ikrs rks vkt teZutkfr dk :i dqN vkSj gh gksrkA oLrqr% cqfºthoh lkfgR;dkj vkSj jktuhfr esa bruh cM+hnwjh ugha gksuh pkfg,A ;fn jktuhfrd Lora=rk dk gh vigj.k dj fy;k tk;s] rks cqfºthohdykdkj viuh psruk ls u rks vkReksºkj dj ldrk gS vkSj u mlds lkfgR; ls lekt dkgh vH;qRFkku lEHko gSA

fdUrq mi;qZDr dFku ls ;g eUrO; xzg.k u fd;k tk;s fd lkfgR; jktuhfr dkspfjrkFkZ djus esa gh lQy gksrk gSA dqN jktuhfrd usrk ,slk Lohdkj djrs gSa fd ^vkVZ 'kqMloZ n iksfyfVDl* (dyk dks jktuhfr dk vuqxeu djuk gh pkfg,)A bls Lohdkj djus ijlkfgR; viuh fof'k"V e;kZnk [kks nsrk gSA oLrqr% rc lkfgR; lkfgR; u jgdj izpkjksn`f"Vlkef;d jpuk ek= gks tkrk gSA eSa bl izdkj ds lkfgR; dk leFkZd ugha gwaA lkoZtfudfuokZpu ds fnuksa esa tks dkxt jaxk tkrk gS] iqLrd vkSj iSEQysV ds uke ls Nirk gS] lkfgR;


ugha gksrkA fdUrq phuh vkÿe.k ds le; xr o"kZ tks lkfgR; gekjs ns'k dh Hkk"kkvksa esaizdkf'kr gqvk gS] og loZFkk lkfgR;srj l`tu ugha gSA gka] ;g eSa Lohdkj djrk gwa fd phuhvkÿe.k ls lEcº 'kr&izfr'kr œfr;ka lkfgR;&dksfV esa ugha vkrha] fdUrq ,d jktuhfrd?kVuk ls lEcº gksus ds dkj.k 'kr&izfr'kr jpukvksa dks ge lkfgR; dh ifjfËk ls ckgj Hkhugha dj ldrsA D;k vki xqykc] dey] pUÊek] lqUnj eq[k] unh] ioZr] yrk] izse] gkL;]d#.k vkfn fo"k;ksa ij fy[kh xbZ izR;sd iafDr dks lkfgR;&dksfV esa j[kuk pkgsaxs\ eSale>rk gwa fd Js"B lkfgR; rks 'kk;n <kbZ izfr'kr ls vfËkd ugha gksrkA lk<+s lŸkkuos izfr'krlkfgR; uke ls Nirk vkSj fcdrk Hkys gh gks] lkfgR; gksrk ugha gSA

lkfgR; viuh e;kZnk ds Hkhrj jgdj gh fdlh fof'k"V mÌs'; dk izpkjkRed lkËkucurk gSA tks Js"B lkfgR; dh e;kZnk ls ifjfpr gSa os lkekftd ,oa jktuhfrd rŸoksa dklekos'k lkfgR; esa djrs gSa] muls viuh jpuk dks O;kid Ëkjkry nsrs gSaA fofoËk leL;kvksads mn~?kkVu ls lkfgR; dh yksdfiz;rk c<+rh gS] vr% ge ;g vko';d le>rs gSa fd Js"BlkfgR;dkj viuh jpukvksa esa lelkef;d leL;kvksa ij izdk'k Mkys fcuk ugha jg ldrsAiqjkuh mfDr gS fd lkfgR; lekt dk niZ.k gSA ;fn lkfgR;&:ih niZ.k esa lekt dksizfrfcfEcr gksuk gS] rks mldk fp=.k vfuok;Z gksxkA Nk;koknh dfo;ksa us izkjfEHkd jpukvksaesa izœfr vkSj izse dks viukdj thou dh O;kogkfjd leL;kvksa ls nwj jgus dh ps"Vk dhFkhA fdUrq dqN dky esa gh mUgsa yxk fd ;g iyk;u thou dh O;kogkfjdrk vkSj lkFkZdrkesa lgk;d ugha gks ldrk] Qyr% iUr vkSj fujkyk us izxfroknh 'kSyh esa thou dh ToyarleL;kvksa ds lkFk LFkwy nSufUnu d"V&dFkkvksa dks Hkh dkO; esa LFkku nsuk vko';d le>k]mUgsa yxk fd lkfgR; dk cht ≈lj esaμtxr~ vkSj thou ls rVLFk gksdjμiuirk ughaAmlds vadqfjr vkSj iYyfor gksus ds fy, lekt dh moZj Hkwfe gh visf{kr gSA vr% eSalkfgR; dks lekt&fujis{k ekuus ds i{k esa ugha gwaA lkfgR; esa jktuhfr] vFkZuhfr] lektuhfrvkfn lHkh vko';d rŸoksa dk lfEeJ.k jgrk gS vkSj jguk pkfg,A

vc ,d ckr jg tkrh gS % D;k izpkjkRed jpukvksa dks Hkh lkfgR; dh e;kZnk esa j[kktk;s\ esjk mŸkj gS fd izpkj dk mÌs'; lkfgR;&fuekZ.k dh izfÿ;k ls fHkUu gSA tgka dsoyizpkj dh vkdka{kk gS ogka lkfgR; dh jpuk lQy ugha gks ldrhA izPNUu :i ls fdlhfopkjËkkjk ;k flºkUr dk vkxzg rks lkfgR; esa jgrk gS fdUrq og jktuhfr ds eap dh rjglkfgR; dh viuh fopkjËkkjk dk izpkjksfn"V eap ugha cu ldrkA ;gh lkfgR; vkSj izpkjdh foHkktd js[kk gSA bl js[kk dh HkyhHkkafr j{kk dh tkuh pkfg,A

qqq


MkW- fot;sUæ Lukrd }kjk fyf[kr iqLrd&lwphekSfyd fucaËk1- leh{kkRed fucaËk 2- fparu ds {k.k3- fopkj ds {k.k 4- foe'kZ ds {k.k5- fopkj fofoËkk 6- vuqHkwfr ds {k.k (i=kRed yfyr fucaËk)

leh{kkRed ys[ku7- lqdfo leh{kk 8- egkdfo izlkn9- dkek;uh n'kZu 10- lwj loZLo (egkRek lwjnkl)11- f}osnh ;qxhu fganh uojRu 12- dchj opuke`r13- mºo 'krd leh{kk 14- Hkkjrsanq ;qxhu fganh uojRu15- vkykspd jkepaÊ 'kqDy

lkfgR; dk bfrgkl16- fganh lkfgR; vkSj mldh izxfr 17- fganh lkfgR; dk bfrgkl18- œ".k HkfDr ijaijk dk bfrgkl 19- vkËkqfud fganh lkfgR;

thouh vkSj laLej.k20- Jh oYyHkkpk;Z 21- Le`fr 'ks"k esjs ledkyhu22- ia- baÊ fo|kokpLifr 23- vkpk;Z prqjlsu 'kkL=h24- lkfgR; vkSj laLœfr ds izgjh 25- jghe26- œ".k pSrU; egkizHkq

vuqlaËkku vkSj vkykspuk27- jkËkkoYyHk laiznk; % flºkar vkSj lkfgR;28- ozt ds oS".ko HkDr dfo;ksa dk izns;29- vuqlaËkku dh izfÿ;k30- jk"V™Hkk"kk fganh dk Lo:i] fodkl rFkk leL;k,a


MkW- Lukrd dk thou&o`ÙktUe % 23 fnlEcj] 1914 xkao gfjZ;k dk uaxyk] (fudVorhZ cM+k xzke vuksM+k)

ftyk eFkqjk] mŸkj izns'kfuËku % 24 uoEcj] 1998_ fnYyhAfuokl % Lukrd lnu] , 5@3] jk.kkizrki ckx] fnYyh&110007firk % Lo- Jh tksËk flag oekZ] xf.krkpk;Z] xq#dqy o`ankou] mŸkj izns'kAekrk % Lo- Jherh cknkeh nsohAHkkbZ % Lo- Jh egsaÊ flag oekZ (ekfdZfVax vfËkdkjh] m-iz-)_ Lo- Jh lqjsaÊ

flag oekZ (izËkkukpk;Z] fnYyh) rFkk Lo- ekLVj jktsaÊ flag oekZ (Lora=rklsukuh ,oa f'k{kd] eFkqjk] mŸkj izns'k)A pkjksa Hkkb;ksa esa MkW- Lukrdnwljs LFkku ijA

cgusa % Lo- Jherh paÊdqekjh (eFkqjk)_ Lo- Jherh lksedqekjh (y[ku≈)vkSj Lo- Jherh œ".kk dqekjh (vkxjk)A

iRuh % Lo- Jherh HkkuqizHkk (iz;kx fo|kihB] bykgkckn ls f'kf{kr)] eË;izns'k ds iz[;kr vfËkoDrk Lo- Jh ukjk;.k flag (miU;kldkj) dhiq=h rFkk fo[;kr fofËkosŸkk] ys[kd Lo- Jh jk?kosaÊ flag dh lgksnjkA

iq= % Jh lw;Zdkar (vkS|ksfxd izf'k{k.k laLFkku] fnYyh ls rduhdh f'k{kkizkIr)] futh O;olk;] vkoklμLukrd lnu] fnYyhA Jh 'kf'kdkarμvfookfgr (fnYyh fo'ofo|ky; ls Lukrd ,oa bykgkckn ls iqLrdeqÊ.k esa LukrdksŸkj fMIyksek izkIr)] futh O;olk;] vkoklμLukrdlnu] fnYyhA

iq=&oËkw % Jherh lq"kek (ch-,-] ch-ih-,M-) Jh lw;Zdkar ls fookfgr] x`g&y{ehrFkk ifr ds O;olk; esa lg;ksxhA

iqf=;ka % Lo- Jherh Lusg jf'e (izHkkdj rd f'kf{kr)μiwoZ fMIVh lsÿsVjh]Hkkjr ljdkj] Lo- Jh f'ko dqekj flag ukSy[kk ls fookfgrAvkoklμ^jf'e vikVZesaV~l*] fnYyh&34_ MkW- Lusg lqËkk (iwoZizkË;kfidk] nkSyr jke dkWyst] fnYyh fo'ofo|ky;] fnYyh)μMkW-gjh'k uoy] ys[kd ,oa iwoZ izkË;kid] fganw dkWyst ls fookfgrAvkoklμ65] ^lk{kjk* ,&3] if'pe fogkj] ubZ fnYyh vkSj JherhLusg foHkk (LiksV~lZ dkWyst] jkbZ] gfj;k.kk ls izf'kf{kr)μJh uojRupkSËkjh] m|ksxifr ls fookfgrA vkoklμœ".kxat] vtesjA

f'k{kk % ^flºkar f'kjksef.k*] xq#dqy fo'ofo|ky;] o`ankou_ ^lkfgR; 'kkL=h*]cukjl_ ^'kkL=h*] iatkc fo'ofo|ky;_ ,e-,- fganh] vkxjkfo'ofo|ky;_ ,e-,- laLœr] vkxjk fo'ofo|ky; vkSj ih&,p-Mh-]fnYyh fo'ofo|ky;A


fu;qfDr;ka % mi&laikndμuo;qx] fnYyh (1936)] izFke fu;qfDr izkË;kid esjB]cM+kSr] vackyk] iapdwyk (1937&47)_ izkË;kidμfganh&foHkkx] jketldkWyst] fnYyh fo'ofo|ky;] fnYyh (1947&53)_ izkË;kidμfganhfoHkkx] fnYyh fo'ofo|ky; (1953&58)_ jhMjμfganh foHkkx] fnYyhfo'ofo|ky; (1958&70)_ izk sQsljμfganh foHkkx] fnYyhfo'ofo|ky; (1970 ls)_ izksQslj ,oa vË;{kμfganh foHkkx] fnYyhfo'ofo|ky; (1972&77) rFkk lsok fuo`fŸkμ1979A

izfr"Bk@iqjLdkj % lkfgR; okpLifr] fo|k okfjfËk] fo|k ekr±M] HkkjrHkk"kk Hkw"k.k] lkfgR;Hkw"k.k vkfn izeq[k mikfËk;kaA gtkjhey Mkyfe;k iqjLdkj_fganh lfefr iqLrd iqjLdkj] y[ku≈_ mŸkj izns'k fganh laLFkku}kjk lkfgR;Hkw"k.k eku_ fganh lfefr iqjLdkj] y[ku≈_ lkfgR;dyk ifj"kn~ iqjLdkj] fnYyh_ fganh vdkneh iqjLdkj] fnYyh_eSlwj fganh izpkj ifj"kn~ iqjLdkj_ dchjiaFkh lEeku] fnYyh_'kykdk lEeku] fganh vdkneh] fnYyh_ Hkkjr&Hkkjrh iqjLdkj]mŸkj izns'k vkSj bu iqjLdkjksa ds vfrfjDr 117 ekui= Hkh izkIrA

Hkwfedk,a % 80 iqLrdksa dh Hkwfedk,a fy[khaAlaLFkk&lacºrk % ijke'kZnkrk@vË;{k@mikË;{k@ea=h@dk;Zdkfj.kh lnL; vkfn :iksa esa

fuEukafdr laLFkkvksa ls lacº jgsμlkfgR; vdkneh@fganh lkfgR; lEesyu@jktHkk"kk vk;ksx@jktHkk"kk'kCnkoyh vk;ksx@Hkkjrh; fganh ifj"kn~@ukxjh izpkfj.kh lHkk@mŸkj izns'kfganh laLFkku@Hkkjrh; KkuihB@lkfgR; dyk ifj"kn~@tkx`fr eap@vf[kyHkkjrh; fganh laLFkk la?k@xq#dqy dkaxM+h@xq#dqy oankou@dU;k xq#dqy]lkluh@nf{k.k Hkkjr fganh izpkjd laLFkku@fganh Hkou@fnYyh izknsf'kdlkfgR; lEesyu vkfn lŸkj laLFkkvksa ls lacºrk rFkk Hkkjr ljdkj dsfofHkUu ea=ky;ksa dh pkSng lfefr;ksa dh lfÿ; lnL;rkA

'kksËk&lanHkZ % 800 ih&,p-Mh- 'kksËk&izcaËkksa dk ijh{k.k_ 30 Mh-fyV~ 'kksËk&izcaËkksa dkijh{k.k (laHkor% Hkkjr esa fdlh Hkh foHkkx esa lokZfËkd)_ 35 ih&,p-Mh-@Mh-fyV~ 'kksËk&izcaËkksa dk fujh{k.k_ MkW- Lukrd ds lkfgR; dksfo"k; cukdj nl 'kksËk&izcaËk izLrqr gks pqds gSa rFkk ,d ij 'kksËk&dk;ZtkjhA MkW- Lukrd dk 'kksËk&izcaËk ^jkËkkoYyHk laiznk; % flºkar vkSjlkfgR;* fganh lkfgR; ds ekud 'kksËk&izcaËk ds :i esa izfrf"BrA

jpuk&lkfgR; % 30 ekSfyd iqLrdsa_ 10 laikfnr xzaFk_ 500 ys[k i=&if=dkvksa esaizdkf'kr vkSj 20 iqLrdksa esa Hkwfedk ys[kuA

fo'ks"k % MkW- Lukrd dh dfri; vizdkf'kr jpuk,a izkIr gqbZ gSaA dfork]laLej.k o y?kqdFkk,a gSaA


qqqqq vkius viuk dSfj;j uo;qx* ls ,d i=dkj ds :i esa vkjaHk fd;k Fkk] i=dkfjrkNksM+ vki vË;;u ds {ks= esa pys x, tcfd vktdy yksx vË;;u NksM+i=dkfjrk esa tkuk pkgrs gSaA ,slk D;ksa\

lllll eSaus lu~ 1936 ds twu ekl fnYyh ls izdkf'kr gksus okys ,d fganh nSfud ^uo;qx* i= esamilaiknd ds :i esa dk;Z izkjaHk fd;k ysfdu vkfFkZd ladV ;k cukoVh ladV dsdkj.k eq>s ogka viuk dk;Z NksM+uk iM+kA vË;kid cuus dh ykylk eu esa Fkh ysfdupwafd NksVh&eksVh dfork&dgkuh fo|kFkhZ thou esa fy[krk Fkk mlds dkj.k i=dkfjrk dsizfr Hkh FkksM+k&lk yxko Fkk] lkSHkkX; ls eq>s 1936 esa gh nSfud uo;qx* esa LFkku fey x;kvkSj eSa dk;Z djus yx x;k] ysfdu tc eq>s ogka dh vkfFkZd fLFkfr dk irk pyk rksfoo'k gksdj eSaus og i= NksM+ fn;kA vc iz'u mBrk gS fd eSa vË;kid D;ksa cuk\ esjsikl ,slh dksbZ cM+h fMxzh ;k mikfËk ugha Fkh fd esa fdlh cM+s dkWyst esa vË;kid culdrkA eSa vius dSfj;j dks cukus esa yxk gqvk FkkA blh i= ^uo;qx* esa gkiqM+ ds ,dLdwy dh vko';drk izdkf'kr gqbZ ftlesa fganh&laLœr ds vË;kid dh ekax FkhA eSausogka izkFkZuk&i= ns fn;k vkSj dqN le; ckn esjh ogka fu;qfDr gks xbZ vkSj yxHkx rhu o"kZrd eSaus ml fo|ky; esa dke fd;kA fo|ky; esa dk;Z djrs le; gh eSaus viuh ;ksX;rkdks mikns; dh n`f"V ls l{ke cukus ds fy, ijh{kk,a ikl dhA ifj.kke ;g gqvk fdi=dkfjrk ls dSfj;j 'kq: djus okyk O;fDr vË;kiu ds {ks= esa vk x;k vkSj rc lsyxkrkj lu~ 1936 ls ysdj lu~ 1980 rd vË;kid cuk jgkA ;g cgqr yack le; gSysfdu vË;kiu o`fŸk ls esjk eu dHkh mpkV ugha gqvk] ;g Hkh Ë;ku ugha fn;k fd eSafdlh vkSj is'ks esa pyk tk≈a] eq>s yxk fd vË;kiu ls vfËkd LoPN vkSj euksdqy dksbZnwljk is'kk ugha gS blfy, eSa blh esa yxk jgkA

lk{kkRdkj

f'k{kkfon~ ,oa iz;ksx/kehZ jpukdkj MkW- fot;sUæ Lukrd dh tUe'krh ij ,dfo'ks"k lk{kkRdkj lq/kh ikBdksa ds fy, ;gka izLrqr gSA ;g lk{kkRdkj muds thou

ds vafre fnuksa esa ;qok dfo MkW- ykfyR; yfyr us fy;k Fkk] tks æ"VO; gSA

nl Qhlnh v/;kid izfrHkk'kkyh % Lukrd


qqqqq vkids le; esa vË;kid ftruk f'k{kk ds ekeys esa vkLFkkoku Fkk mldk nlokafgLlk Hkh vkt ugha gSA vkids }kjk f'kf{kr lSdM+ksa f'k{kd vkt ns'k esa vusdegkfo|ky;ksa vkSj fo|ky;ksa esa i<+k jgs gSaA vkidks f'k{kk ds izfr mudh fu"Bk ijD;k fopkj vkrk gS\

lllll vkius tks iz'u fd;k gS ;|fi lhËks f'k{kd dks ysdj fd;k gS ysfdu igys eSa vkidkË;ku vkd`"V djkuk pkgrk gwa vius ns'k dh orZeku fLFkfr ijA gekjs ns'k dh orZekufLFkfr gekjs jktuhfrd usrkvksa us bl izdkj dh cuk nh gS fd mlesa lcls izeq[k tks dqNgS og gS ËkuksiktZuA bl {ks= esa vË;kid ds fy, mrus volj ugha gS ftrus volj vU;{ks=ksa esa gSa] Qyr% mldk Ë;ku vË;kiu ls gV jgk gSA leLr vË;kidoan dkseSa izfrHkk'kkyh ugha ekurk ysfdu nl Qhlnh vË;kid izfrHkk'kkyh gSa rks osfuf'pr :i ls vius gh {ks= esa cus jgsaxsA

qqqqq vkids }kjk izLrqr 'kksËk izcaËk fganh dk ,d ekud xazFk ekuk tkrk gSAmlds fy, vkius fdl rjg ls rS;kfj;ka rFkk 'kksËk izfÿ;k dh Fkh\

lllll esjh 'kksËk dh ,d yach dgkuh gSA eSa vk;Z lekt ds earO;ksa dks ekuus okyhlaLFkk xq#dqy esa i<+k gwaA vkjaHk ds fnuksa esa dfBukbZ lHkh dks >syuh iM+rh gS lks eSa dSlscprk\ 'kksËk izkjaHk djrs le; esjs lkeus cM+h&cM+h foifŸk;ka] vM+pusa vkdj [kM+h gksxb±A igyh vM+pu ;g Fkh fd esjs laLdkj vk;Zlekth Fks vkSj lukru ËkeZ ds izfr esjhdksbZ vkLFkk ugha Fkh] ewfrZiwtk esa dksbZ vkLFkk ugha FkhA eu esa }a} Fkk vr% igys vius euls vukLFkk fudky djds ËkeZ ds izfr vkLFkk dk Hkko mRiUu fd;k tks 'kuS%&'kuS% esjs eu esavk x;kA ml le; oS| th esjs xq# gksrs Fks mudk Hkh gkFk FkkA og dV~Vj lukruh Fks] gj ckrdks le>k fn;k djrs Fks fd iwtk ,sls gksrh gS] v"V;ke iwtk ,sls gksrh gS vkfn&vkfnAtc eSaus izkjaHk fd;k rks jkËkkoYyHk laiznk; ds lacaËk esa vkB&nl iqLrdsa eksVh&eksVh NihgqbZ FkhaA dksbZ vPNh iqLrd ml laiznk; esa fdlh vkpk;Z ;k xksLokeh ds ikl Hkh ugha FkhAeSaus cgqr Nkuchu dhAfQj Hkh blh chp eq>s nks lkËkq feys ftuds tfj, eq>s dkQh egRoiw.kZ lkexzh izkIr gqbZA,d i<+s&fy[ks fo}ku xksLokeh Fks] muds laidZ esa vk;k] muls feyus&tqyus vkSj xazFkizkIr djus esa yxHkx rhu o"kZ dk le; yxkA D;ksafd ml le; vktdy&tSlh lqfoËkk,augha FkhaA vkt rks lqfoËkk gS fd LVMh&yho feyrh gS] mlesa os edku cuokrs gSa] O;kikjdjrs gSa] uke gksrk gS LVMhyho dk] LVMh dj jgs gSa gkml fcfYMax dh] oxSjg&oxSjgAËkhjs&Ëkhjs eSa vusd laiznk;ksa ls ifjfpr gksrk pyk x;kA muesa oYyHk laiznk; dk vk'p;Z;g gS fd oYyHk laiznk; cgqr vfËkd QSyk gqvk gSA oYyHkkpk;Z bl le; ds lclscM+s vkpk;Z Fks] ysfdu oankou esa mudk dksbZ egRo ugha FkkA fofHkUu laiznk;ksa ds vusdewY;oku xzaFkksa dk voyksdu vkSj vË;;u gh ugha fd;k vfirq mu xzaFkksa esa fNih xq.koŸkkdks Hkh efLr"d esa cSBk;kA rhu&rhu eghus eSa eafnjksa esa iM+k jgrk FkkA mudh lkjh


fofËk;ka iwtk djus dk <ax] ea= esa mPpkj.k dh izfÿ;k lacaËkh lHkh tkudkfj;ksa dks uksVdj fy;k djrk FkkA ckn esa ogka ds iqtkfj;ksa us Hkh vk{ksi ugha fd;kAyxHkx rhu o"kZ rd eSaus lkjh iwtk&iºfr ns[k yh] le> yh vkSj dj yh FkhA N% o"kZ'kksËk&izfÿ;k ds nkSjku eSa oankou esa jgk vkSj ckjhdh ls gj fLFkfr dks le>us dk iz;klfd;kA

qqqqq vki ,sls vkykspd gSa tks lelkef;d ys[ku ls tqM+s gq, gSaA iqjkus vkSj u,lkfgR;dkjksa esa D;k ewyHkwr varj ikrs gSa \

lllll vkËkqfud jpukvksa ls eSa 'kS'ko ls tqM+k gqvk gwaA eSa vËkqukru ls tqM+k jguk pkgrk gwa fddkSu ys[kd gSa] dfo gSa] dgkuhdkj gSa\ blfy, fujarj i<+rk vkSj fy[krk jgrk gwaA iqjkuklkfgR;dkj izk;% ijaijkoknh gS tks gekjh Hkkjrh; ;k tkrh; ijaijk,a gSa muesa fo'oklj[krk gS vkSj mlh ds vkËkkj ij rF;ksa dk fuekZ.k djrk gSA vki ljLorh dh iqjkuh vkSj50&60 ds chp dh Qkbysa nsf[k,] Lo;a vankt yx tk,xk fd fdruk ewyHkwr varj gqvkgSA ckn dh Hkk"kk esa lajpuk ds Lrj ij u;k Hkko&cksËk vk x;k FkkA 'kSyhxr Hksn Hkh eq[;jgkA bËkj vkËkqfud lkfgR;dkj ds ys[ku esa ekDlZokn dk fparu viuh MqxMqxh ctk,fn[kkbZ nsrk gSA

qqqqq izfrcº ys[ku ds fo"k; esa vkids D;k fopkj gSa\ D;k ;g lkfgR;dkj dh lkspdks lhfer ugha dj nsrs\

lllll izfrcº ys[ku ls rkRi;Z D;k gS ;g eSa Li"V d:aA ,d izfrcº ys[ku og gksrk gS tksvkidh jktuhfrd fopkjËkkjkvksa ls tqM+k gqvk gS ,d izfrcº ys[ku og tks vkidhvkLFkkvksa ls tqM+k gqvk gSA ,d izfrcº ys[ku og gksrk gS tks fdlh ijaijkoknh fopkjËkkjkls tqM+k gqvk gksA jktuhfr ls tqM+k ys[ku vkids fopkjksa dks lhfer cuk,xkA vkidhn`f"V iwjc dh vksj ugha] if'pe dh vksj gks tk,xhA ;g tdM+u izfrcºrk ds fy,gkfudkjd gSA fdlh oSpkfjd ra= ds lkFk tqM+k ^dY;k.k* igys 50 gtkj dh la[;k esafudyrk Fkk vkSj yksdfiz; Hkh cgqr Fkk ij vc blds ikBd ?kV x, gSaA guqekuizlkniksn~nkj us rks blesa viuk thou yxk fn;kA rc ËkeZ;qx dqN Hkh ugha FkkA eSa ;g ckr djhc40&50 lky igys dh dj jgk gwaA ,d ys[kd tks O;kikjh oxZ ds lekpkji= ls tqM+k gS] ogmldh cqjkbZ ugha djsxkA ,d ys[kd dks :l ls ;k vU; ns'k ls vkfFkZd lgk;rk dh izkfIrgksrh gS rks og mudk c[kku gh djsxk] ;gh izfrcºrk lkfgR; ds fy, ?kkrd gSA

qqqqq lkfgfR;d xqVcanh vkids le; Hkh jgh gksxh vkSj vkt Hkh ;g fLFkfr cuh gqbZ gSD;k blls lkfgR; viuk ewY; ugha [kks jgk\

lllll vius 'kS'ko dh ckr d:a rks eq>s Lej.k ugha gS fd xqVckth uke dh dksbZ pht+ jgh gksxh]ysfdu bruk dg ldrk gwa fd lu~ 40 ds ckn tc nwljk fo'o;qº gqvk rc os[ksesckft;ka lkfgR; esa vkb±A gkykafd tks vPNs ys[kd Fks tSls ^vKs;*] dbZ ckj tsy Hkhx, Fks] viuh fopkjËkkjk ds yksxksa dks gh os izJ; nsrs FksA Ëkhjs&Ëkhjs D;k gqvk fd bu yksxksaus tc lkfgR; dh jpuk dh rks buds lkFk ,d eaMy&lk curk x;kA ;wa dgs izHkkeaMy


gh cuk fy;kA tc bUgksaus viuh igyh iqLrd Nkih lu~ 43 esa lIrd rkj ekus rkjlIrd esa lkr dfo NkaVsA lkrksa dfo;ksa esa bUgksaus ns[kk fd dkSu vkËkqfud fopkjËkkjk dsgSaA mudks bUgksaus bdV~Bk dj fy;k] ifj.kke ;g gqvk fd yksxksa dks yxk fd fganh esa lkrdfo gh vPNs gSa tcfd fnudj Hkh Fks vkSj dbZ Fks tks mu dfo;ksa ls csgrj Fks] tSlsfl;kjke 'kj.k] eSfFkyh'kj.k xqIr th Hkh Fks budks NksM+ fn;k] vkSj ,d [kkl fopkjËkkjk dsyksxksa dks tks VqViwaft,a dfo dgyk ldrs gSa 'kCn Hkn~nk gS ij ml le; ds dfo VqViwaft,aFks] mudks mlesa LFkku ns fn;kA tSls fd losZ'oj vKs; ls tqM+s gq, Fks ij ckn esa gV x,]j?kqohj lgk; vkSj losZ'oj nksuksa vKs; ds psys FksA ;s tks xqVcanh gS ;s lkfgR; ds fy,cgqr vfËkd mi;ksxh flº ugha gksrhA gekjs tekus esa ,slh uhfr ugha FkhA eSa rksviuh ckr dgwaxk&tc eSaus igys&igy lkfgR; c<+uk 'kq: fd;k Fkk rks xqVckthdh j.kuhfr ls ifjfpr ugha Fkk ij ckn esa Ëkhjs&Ëkhjs bu xqVksa ls ifjfpr gksrkpyk x;k] tSls tSusUÊ dks xkaËkhoknh ys[kd ekuk tkrk Fkk ij os bls fujkËkkj ghdgrs jgsA vkSj tks yksx ys[kd ;k lkfgR;dkj Hkh ugha gSa tSls ;'kiky lLrklkfgR; eaMy okys mUgsa Hkh xkaËkhoknh dgk tkrk gSA ;'kiky tSu rks dV~VjekDlZoknh Fks os rks dkQh le; igys ej x, Fks lkfgR; viuk ewy rks ugha [kksrk vfirqviuh laizs"k.kh;rk vkSj lkoZHkkSfedrk [kksrk gSA tSls rqylhnkl dh jkek;.k 'kqº ikSjkf.kdnLrkost gS tks ns'k gh ugha] fons'k esa Hkh yksdfiz; gS D;ksafd blesa lkfgR; 'kfDr Js"B xq.koŸkklekfgr gSaA

qqqqq thou ds 80osa o"kZ esa izos'k djrs gq, vki dSlk eglwl dj jgs gSa\ fiNys le;vkius viuh vkRedFkk iwjksokd~ dk dqN fgLlk ikBdksa dks fn;k Fkk fdarq ckn dsckdh va'k izdk'k esa ugha vk,\ vkidh vkRedFkk ds fo"k; esa ikBd txr mRlqdgS] œi;k dqN jks'kuh MkysaA

lllll esjs vusd fe= vkxzg djrs gSa fd eSa Hkh viuh vkRedFkk fy[kwaA eSa mUgsa dgrk gwa fd eSaegkiq#"k ugha gwa] egktu ugha gwa ftlls jkLrs ij vkSj yksx pysa] esjh vkRedFkk ls fdlsykHk gksxk blls rks vPNk gS fd dksbZ miU;kl i<+ ysa] og dgha vfËkd vPNk gSA iwjksokd'kh"kZd ls ys[k vc ls nks o"kZ igys uanu* us 29 uoacj] 1990 dks izdkf'kr fd, Fks] ,dgh i`"B ij vKs; vkSj uhps esjk ys[k FkkA vKs; rks ej pqds Fks vkSj eSa thfor gwaA vKs;eq>ls ek= nks o"kZ cM+s FksA ys[k Nius ds ckn <sjksa i=k eq>s feys fd vkxs fy[kk tk, ijeSa bruk cM+k vkneh u igys Fkk] u vc gwaA blfy, D;k Qk;nk fd NksVs ls vkneh usD;k [kk;k] D;k ih;k vkSj dgka ft;kA blfy, eSaus fy[kk ughaA ij vc eu esa vkrk gSfd fnYyh fo'ofo|ky; ds tUe ls vc rd dh ekStwnk fLFkfr ij bruh lkexzh esjsikl gS ftl ij ys[kekyk cukus dh dksf'k'k esa gwaA blh rjg ;g ys[ku Hkh vkRedFkk dk,d va'k ekuk tk,xkA og [kq'k gksrkA

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From the national and cultural point of view thenineteenth century is the century of renaissance. In

this very century Maharishi Swami Dayanand Sarswati,Ramkrishna Paramhansa, Raja Ram Mohan Roy,Keshav Chandra Sen, Maharishi Devendra Nath Thakur,Vivekanand etc. successfully tried to give a newdirection to the Indian thought and philosophy. In theearlier eight centuries the Muslims and the British hadnot only wielded political influence in India but hadruthlessly spread Islam and Christianity. The efforts ofthe Muslim rulers for the spread of Islam had led tobring about a religious change. Likewise during theBritish regime the Christian missionaries did not leaveany stone unturned in converting Hindu as Christians.The impact of the English language and civilization wasso potent that a learned person like Keshav Chandrahad sympathies with Christianity. Besides the religiouschange Indian life and culture was being continuouslyneglected. The British rule had so profoundly influencethe Indian mind by granting them certain concessionsand allurements that and an inferiority complex haddeveloped among the Indians towards their own culture.It was such a big cultural invasion that the Indianmasses were not so educated as to beat to it. In thiscritical situation the strong reaction shown by Raja RamMohan Roy and Swami Dayanand led to renaissance.

Maharishi Dayanand was born in Gujrat. FromGujrat he went Northern Indis and with the help of hisinner inspiration and with a view to reviving Indian culturehe did his best to rejuvenate Aryan civilization. Hisprogramme included the establishment of Arya Samajmpropagation and preaching of Aryan civilization,Swadeshi movement, self rule, respect of our ownlanguage, uplift of women-folk, dissemination ofeducation, uplift of the backward classes, prohibitionetc. No other Indian had carried out such a vastprogramme at that time, For the establishment of Indianculture Maharishi Dayanand gave the highest priorityto its spiritual aspect. He believed in Monism, that isone God, and introduced is reforms in Vedic rituals and

Article

Achievementsof AryaSamaj

–Vijayandra Snatak

Swamiji tried to establishthe caste system on thebasis of Vedic literatureand traditions. Man’sdevelopment isconnected with socialresponsibility. Hence thecommunity should bejudged only from goodqualities andcommendable work. Thebelief in caste system onthe basis of birth givesbise to ignorance andfalse convictions. Tostabilise the society andmake it duty-conscious,the Vedic caste system isthe only real organization.For the development ofthe individual, the Ashramsystem has been givengreat importance. Thepresent society does notgive that muchrecognition to ashramsystem because of theirmaterialistic tendency.


he vehemently condemned idol worship and superstitions, It must be rememberedthat in the beginning it was all Maharishi’s personal effort and there was nobody tojoin hand with him in this task. It is difficult to judge whether there was any otherpower than the one which had impelled him to teach and preach his principles withsuch in intrepidity and determination.

At that time Maharishi Dayanand, first of all drew the attention of the Indianpeople towards the false conviction that western civilization was superb and all-embracing. Swamiji condemned this false propaganda with all the force at his command;He said that centuries old tenets of Indian culture had not been wiped out. If the Indianpeople continue to nurture their own culture, western civilization, some English knowingpeople at that time advocated that without knowing the English language India couldnot become a civilized country. But the way in which Swamiji without knowing theEnglish language India could not become a civilized country. But the way inwhich Swamiji without knowing the English language, carried out the isrenaissance work was laudable and he was wonderfully successful incountering this false propaganda. Verily Swamiji proved that for the renaissanceneither the English language nor the English rule, was necessary. It wasSwamiji who infused the spirit of self-respect and self-reliance in the Indianmind. In fact, this is what renaissance is.

The present the real spiritual viewpoint, he laid down certain taboos. Dayanandhad great abhorrence for everything that stood in the way of growth and progress ofthe society. It was only Swamiji who recreated interest in the Vedas and Vedicliterature in the public mind. Other reformists activities were confined only toeducational and social reforms. They had not paid heed to the Vedic literature.

Swamiji tried to establish the caste system on the basis of Vedic literatureand traditions. Man’s development is connected with social responsibility. Hencethe community should be judged only from good qualities and commendable work.The belief in caste system on the basis of birth gives bise to ignorance and falseconvictions. To stabilise the society and make it duty-conscious, the Vedic castesystem is the only real organization. For the development of the individual, the Ashramsystem has been given great importance. The present society does not give thatmuch recognition to ashram system because of their materialistic tendency. Thismaterialistic inclination does not give place to vanaprastha and Sanayas Ashramsafter the Grahastha Ashram. The bad effect of this tendency is that society is lackingin renouncers and learned recluses. If we accept the caste system as advocated bySwami Dayanand, there will be diminution of the caste differences and egoistictendency. Swamiji had engaged himself in women-education and reverence for thefair sex before the inception of the Arya Samaj. To support widow-remarriage was astep towards social reformation. The Arya Samaj has played a leading role in thepropagation of equal lights and privileges for men and women. After the establishmentof the Arya Samaj, the opening of schools with great speed for women-education inthe village of northern India was an epoch making event. From the educational view-point, the prevention of child marriage is one of the remarkable achievements of theArya Samaj.

For the revival of Indianism Arya Samaj had drawn inspiration from SwamiDayanand with regard to the national language (Hindi). Despite his being a Gujrati,Swami Dayanand had started, his writings and speeches in Hindi a century backfrom now. Swamiji used to call Hindi as ‘Arya Bhasha’. After laying the foundation of


the Arya Samaj in 1875 at Bombay, Swamiji declared ‘AryaSamajist to learn it. Thefundamental ten principles of Arya Samaj were written in Hindi and thus Hindi becamethe working language, medium of instruction, link language as well as the languageof the masses.

Swamiji’s mother tongue was Gujrati. However, he had a deep study of Sanskritand while receiving education he learnt Hindi because of his inner urge as well ass tomake contacts with other people. His resolve to write and speak in Hindi was acultural resolve at the national level. His aim was to bring about and infuse nationalism,through this language. It must be borne in mind that the Christian missionaries hadalso made some use of Hindi in the propagation of Christianity. But they did not aimat the National Unity and Cultural enlightenment. Their efforts, however, could bringout some booklets and pamphlets in Hindi but they did not make any remarkablecontribution to Hindi literature. Arya Samaj gave a place of pride to Hindi, throughtheir ethical, cultural and national activities. And contemporarily the Arya Samajgave a great impetus to Hindi so that it may become the National language. Besidesthis, to inspire people to write in Hindi was the outcome of these efforts of AryaSamaj; but possibly the people have not realized this fact so far. I have not the leasthesitation in saying that for the propagation and dissemination of Khari boli Hindi,Arya Samaj’s contribution was the greatest at that time.

Sriters of Bhartendu era occupied the highest place among the contemporaryHindi writers of Swami Dayanand. The influence of Swami ji’s thoughts and ideas islatent in their writings because Swami Dayanand was the only source of nationalinspiration and the spokesman of the glory of the past.

Arya Samaj had influenced deeply and widely the poets and writers of Dwivediera. The national and moral poetry of the contemporary poets is closely connectedwith the fundamental message of the Arya Samaj. Though most of the contemporarywriters were not Arya Samajists yet their compositions are replete with the praisesof ‘ Arya culture’. These are so many themese which drew the attention of thecontemporary poets only because the Arya Samaj had included them in their‘Reformation Programme’ and that the public was readily accepting them because ofinspiration given by the Arya Samaj. Subjects like widow-remarriage, Criticism ofcaste system, observance of Brahamcharay (celibacy), conversing for indigenous,artiles, uplift of the down-trodden morality, renunciation etc. were accepted by theDiwidi era writers in the same spirit as shown by the Arya Samaj, In fact the AryaSamaj laid greatly inspired the poets and writers of that age. These influences areobserved in the war kings and compositions of Hari Oadh, Mathilisharan Gupta,Prem Chand, Nathu Ram Shankar Sharma, Sanehi etc.

In my opinion, Swami Dayanand is a Rishi of the modern age and a lighthouse of enlightenment. Arya Samaj is a cultural organisation which undertakesbefore us work and believes in the Indian way of life as inspired by Swami ji. Theprominent activity of the Arya Samaj is to enthuse and encourage the spirit of Ationalismamong the masses. The object of Arya Samaj is to bring about renaissance bysetting ‘Dharm’ on the spiritual pedestal. If the Arya Samaj continues to make headwayand promote its objectives certainly the ware of cultural renaissance will not onlyenvelop India but also take the whole world in its stride. Undoubtedly, such a moraland cultural renaissance is most wanting in this machine and materialistic age.

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μ'kjn jatu 'kjn

iqLrd %x.kdkO;laiknd %gjsUÊ izrkiizdk'kd %fo'o fganh lkfgR; ifj"kn~i`"B %92ewY; %` 200@&


izrki dh dbZ dfork;sa x.k vkSj rU= ds xgu vkSj tfVy lEcU/kksa dks ;FkkFkZijd vkËkqfudrkvkSj oSpkfjd laosnuk ds lkFk izdV djus dh dksf'k'k djrh gSaA x.kpsruk ds izfrfufËkjpukdkj ds rkSj ij fiNyh lnh ds izFkekºZ ds lqizflº dfo xksiky flag ^usikyh* dh,dek= dfork ^viusiu dk erokyk* 'kkfey dh x;h gSA cs'kd ;g izfrfuf/k dfork dsrkSj ij gh mHkjdj lkeus vkrh gSA

x.kdkO; esa dqy 26 dfork;sa gSaμvk'kh"k da/kos dh 12 vkSj gjsUÊ izrki dh 13dforkvksa ds lkFkA da/kos dh dbZ dforkvksa ds eq[+rfyQ+ fgLls fopkj vkSj laosnuk dslUrqyu ds lkFk gSa] tSlsμfugRFks yksx@gkFkksa esa eksecfŸk;ka Fkkes 'kkUr@yksdrU= dh vaËksjh@lM+dksaij py jgs gSa (ÿkafr)] fQj ,d olUr] xqt+j x;k@vkSj ge@izrh{kk dh d+rkj esa@[kM+s jgx;s@nax&cnjax---(yksdrU= dk olUr)] ekSu dh Hkk"kk le>ks@lz"Vk uk lgh@Ê"Vk rks cuks(nfjÊukjk;.k)] ;k fQjμyksdrU= ds tqxuqvksa ds@vfLrRo ds fy,@fQj dqN u;h f[kM+fd;ka[kqysaxh@mlh iqjkus vkdk'k esa (yksdrU= ds tqxuw)A da/kos dh vf/kdka'k dforkvksa esafopkj i{k rks cgqr Li"V gS rFkk j?kqohj lgk; ds 'kCnksa dks ysdj dgsa fd dfork dgha lsrVLFk ;k fu"i{k Hkh ugha] oju~ lp vkSj vkn'kZ dk i{k fy;s gq, gSA ;g dfo dk lcy i{kgS] exj dgu esa dbZ txr dforkbZ okyk xBu ugha gSμKkukRed laosnuk vkSj laosnukRedKku ds lkFkA bl otg ls ckt+ oD+r dbZ dforka'k ,sls yxrs gSa tSls dksbZ rd+jhj dj jgk gksAt+kfgj gS] vk'kh"k u;h ih<+h ds gSa rFkk mEehn gS] vkxs mudh dfork;sa vf/kd l?ku vkSjizHkkodkjh gksaxhA

laf/k ;qx ds dfo gjsUÊ izrki dh dbZ dfork;sa Hkh /;ku vkœ"V djrh gSaA os i=dkjHkh jgs gSa] blfy, mUgksaus thou&txr] O;fDr vkSj lekt dks vketu ds eqd+kcys O;kidLrj ij ns[kk gqvk gSA dfo i=dkj fdlh [k+kl fopkj/kkjk ls Hkys gh u tqM+s] euq";rk ds i{kesa tkus okys fopkjksa ls vo'; tqM+rk gSA gjsUÊ dh dbZ dkO; iafDr;ksa esa bldh Nk;k;sa ekStwngSa] tSlsμBsy HkkbZ] Bsy@yksdrU= dh xkM+h Bsy@feyh&tqyh ljdkj gS@feyk&tqyk gh fcdsxkrsy (yksdrU= dh xkM+h Bsy)] iwjc ls if'pe rd@mŸkj ls nf{k.k rd@lcdks pkfg,fnYyh@fdlh us NksM+h lfClMh@fdlh us Nw yh fctyh (lcdks pkfg, fnYyh)] tujkt dc;gka vk;sxk@bafM;k vc flQZ+@D;k xsV ij jg tk;sxk\ (tujkt)] ;k fQjμvfgalk dkxHkZikr tc gks jgk gS@nqfu;k Hkj dk xka/kh@cl jks jgk gS (ijek.kq dk isM+)! ;s dkO; iafDr;kafo'okl txkrh gSa fd Hkfo"; esa gjsUÊ Hkh lUrqyu ds lkFk dkO;rRo ds vukflj dkbLrseky dj vkSj xgjkbZ ls jpuk/kfeZrk fuHkk;saxsA

fcgkj esa tUes mŸkj Nk;kokn ds lqizflº dfo&xhrdkj xksiky flag usikyh dhizfrfuf/k jpuk ^viusiu dk erokyk* rks x+kSjryc gS ghA bldk vkx+kt+ cM+h izHkkodkjhiafDr;ksa ls gksrk gSμviusiu dk erokyk Fkk@HkhM+ksa esa Hkh eSa [kks u ldk@pkgs ftl ny esa


fey tk≈a@bruk lLrk eSa gks u ldkA fQj os dgrs gSaμns[kk tx us Vksih cnyh@rks eucnyk] efgek cnyh---tks pkgk djrk pyk lnk@izLrkoksa dks eSa <ks u ldkA fQj vkf[k+j esaihM+k] {kksHk vkSj fojks/k dk la;qDr Loj xwatrk gSμ,slksa ls f?kjk tue Hkj eSa@lq[k 'k∏;k ij Hkhlks u ldk@pkgs ftl ny esa fey tk≈a@bruk lLrk eSa gks u ldkA csgrj gksrk ;fn lEikndusikyh th dh dqN vkSj Js"B dfork;sa 'kkfey djrsA njvly dfo pkgs fujkyk ;keqfDrcks/k ds d+n dk gh D;ksa u gks] mldh vyx&vyx eu&fet+kt dh ,dkf/kd dfork;sai<+dj gh ikBd csgrj rkSj ij mlds l`tu deZ ls voxr gks ikrk gSA

lEiknd dh ;kstuk dkO; ‹k`a[kyk ds rkSj ij x.kdkO; ds ipkl ls vf/kd [kaMksa dsizdk'ku dh gSA ;g ,d csgn pqukSrhiw.kZ ;kstuk gS vkSj Hkfo"; esa cgqLrjh; iz;kl dhcnkSyr ;g dke gks ik;k rks ,d rjg dk ekud gh LFkkfir gksxkA ysfdu vHkh cgqr nwj uns[kdj vxys nl vadksa dh csgrj dk;Z ;kstuk cukdj vey fd;k tk;s rks tfVyrk vkSjvfuf'prrk dh xqatkb'k de ls de gksrh tk;sxhA u;s vadksa esa izfrfuf/k dfo ds rkSj ijvius ns'k ds vykok ckgj ds fdlh Js"B dfo dks 'kkfey fd;k tk;s rks iqLrd dk dSuoklcM+k gks ik;sxk vkSj vf/kd lUrqyu cukus ds fy, ckjh&ckjh ls ,f'k;kbZ vkSj xS+j&,f'k;kbZdfo dh jpuk;sa yh tk ldrh gSaμx.k vkSj rU= ls xEHkhjrk ls tqM+h gqbZA fQj] lfU/kdkyvkSj vkSj uwru ;qx ds ,d&,d fgUnhrj dfo dks Hkh lfEefyr dj x.kdkO; dks cgqvk;kehcuk;k tk ldrk gSA

vkt tcfd ;g iwNk tk jgk gS fd vkneh dks vkneh cuk;s j[kus dh D;k t:jr gS]oSlh lwjr esa vizR;{k rkSj ij dyk fo/kkvksa dks Hkh ihNs /kdsyus dh dksf'k'k gks jgh gSAnjvly dyk gh gS tks vkneh dks vkneh cuk;s j[krh gS] mldk ifj"dkj djrs gq,A 'kCnksadh lk/kuk djuk] mls izdk'k esa ykuk blh dyk deZ dk fgLlk gSA ,sls esa x.kdkO; ds vkxsds vad x.k vkSj rU= ds jkLrs ls xqt+jrs gq, d+k;ns ls euq";rk ds ikl fdl gn rd igqaprsgSa] ;g ns[kus okyh ckr gksxhA

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dfo&i=dkjA foosd fogkj] guqeku uxj] iVuk&800020A nwjHkk"k % 9234756733


dfork

μgjsUÊ izrki

'kgj vxM+k] xkao fiNM+k!xkao nfyr gS'kgj m}sfyrvkj{k.ktkfr&iaFk dks ughafeyuk gS ;fnfeys xzkeh.k dksfodkl dk ddgjk tgka ugha!

vPNk ugha gSxkao dk lkgwdkjvPNs gSa 'kgjh /kksch&eksph>qXxh&>ksiM+h ds iSjksdkjdjkgrk gS xkao dk gj fdlku'kgjh pksj&fHk[keaxs&yQaxscurs gSa vehj flyflysokj!

dgha uxjdgha egkuxjcu x;k gS vxM+k;qx&;qx lsfBBdk&lks;k iM+k gS xkaoD;ksa vkt Hkh gS fiNM+k\D;ksa vkt Hkh gS fiNM+k\\

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pyks] xkao dh vksj!laokjks] xkao&xkao dksdjks] xkao dh lSjfctyh] ikuh] œf"k ogkaLokLF;] f'k{kk] daI;wVj tgkapeds le`fº dk vk/kkj!

Mxj&uxj&egkuxj laxpyks] txk;sa xkao&xkao esathus&jgus&clus dk lkjlEiw.kZ Hkkjr esa xkao cu ldsfo'o&fodkl dk u;k vorkj!

usrk vkSj vfHkusrk gh ughaO;kikjh] Kkuh] vf/kdkjhljdkjh&futh] leFkZ ;k lqeulc ysa] xkao&xkao dks xksn!

xkao&xkao esa gks mRlojkr ds ckn ogka Hkh Hkksjo"kZ dh uwrurk dk 'kksju fn[ks ogka dksbZ pksj!

gks ogka jk"V™&jk"V™ dh ÿhM+k^mM+u[kVksyk* jkst ogka mrjscM+h cSBdksa dk ogka gks tylkiapk;r lax dHkh laln cSBsp[k ldsa cPps ikapflrkjk gyok!

yksd vnkyr ogka iuisjps ogka thou dh Mksj[ksr&[kfygku fQj ls f[kyspyks] xkao dh vksjdjks] xkao dh lSj!

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dfo&i=dkjA xzke&e?kS;kpd (jaxukFkiqj)] Mkd&ougjk] Fkkuk&gosyh [kM+xiqj] ftyk&eqaxsj (fcgkj)nwjHkk"k % 9871588778


vkys[k

fdlh Hkh jk"V™ dh igpku mldh lkaLœfrd /kjksgjgksrh gSA ge yksxksa dks ;g xkSjo izkIr gS fd fojklr

esa gesa le`º&xfjeke; lkaLœfrd ≈tkZ izkIr gSA izcqºdykdkjksa] mPpdksfV ds xk;dksa] yksddyk dks viuh izfrHkkdk ek/;e cukdj tuekul dks >d>ksj nsus dh vizfreizfrHkk gekjh ekVh ds ojn~ iq=ksa dks vukfndky ls gLrxrgSA ,d tekuk Fkk tc cStqckojk vkSj rkulsu dh vizfreLoj ygfj;ka xwatk djrha FkhaA nwj ls vkrh 'kgukbZ dh vkoktsadku esa iM+rs gh eu&e;wj >we mBrk FkkA czt esa dUgS;k dhe/kqj ca'kh dh rku lqudj xksfidk,a ukp mBrh FkhaA xkao dspkSiky ij <ksyd e`nax] >ka>&ethjs dh rky ij fnu Hkj dsFkds&ekans yksx viuh Fkdku Hkwy tk;k djrsA m/kj xkfycdh xt+y vkSj [kS;ke dh :ckb;ka gekjh laLœfr ds ewyLoj dks vuks[kk vankt nsrsA ioZ&R;ksgkjksa ds fnu lekjksgiwoZd ge lc u`R;] laxhr dk jaxkjax dk;Zÿe izLrqr djdsvius lkjs xeksa dks Hkwy tk;k djrsA b/kj dksbZ izseh fojgxhr xkdj viuh izs;lh dh ;knksa esa [kks tk;k djrsA rc buruko ds {k.kksa dks viuh yksddyk dh cstksM+&izLrqfr lsvksr&izksr djus ds ckn thou esa ,d Bgjko vk tkrkA rcbu lq[kn fdUrq eeZLi'khZ vuqHkwfr;ksa dks Hkksx ysus ds ckn,d ,slh fLFkfr vkrh tc ‚n; oh.kk ds lqIr rkjksa esa lglk,d daiu iSnk gksrkA vuk;kl bUgha ekfeZd {k.kksa esa mlpje vkuUn dh [kkst ds fy, ge lc vkrqj gks mBrsAlglk ,d ÿkafr ?kfVr gksrhA vc gekjs xhr] laxhr mlije lq[k dks Hkksxus dh vkrqjrk esa ubZ djoVsa&ubZ vaxM+kb;kaysus ds fy, ck/; gks mBrsA lkjk thou laxhre; gks mBrkgSA gekjh lkjh ladh.kZrk,a&vksNh ekufldrk,a&dqN ,sls dq›tks dsoy gekjh izxfr ds iFk esa #dkoVsa gh iSnk djrh gSa bu

laLÑfr %psruk ds ewy

Loj dksigpkuuk

gksxkμfuR;kuan ^usikyh*

ftrus Hkh yksx gSa&lcksa ds ikl,d ikd+ vkokt gksrh gS vkSjog gS fny dh vkokt! ‚n;ds vUnj cjkcj gh izœfriznŸk oh.kk >aœr g SAifjfLFkfrtU; dksykgy esa osLoj gesa lqukbZ ugha iM+rsA bue/kqj Lojks a dks lquus dsfy,&lqukus ds fy, ,d;Fkksfpr ekgkSy dk gksukvko';d gSA ;g /kjkry gesacukuk gksxkA


reke cksf>y fopkjksa ls gesa eqfDr fey tkrh gSA dgha gSa ,slh izsjd vuqHkwfr;ka\ dgka [kks x,psruk ds ewy Loj\ ;s ToyUr iz'u vkt gekjh vkRek ds eeZ dks Nw jgs gSaA

vkt ge yksx viuh laLœfr dh igpku [kks pqds gSaA vkt dk Hkkjr laLœfr esa ughaoju~ lH;rk esa th jgk gSA tcfd Hkkjr dh Hkwy igpku&bldh le`º laLœfr ls gSA tclsthou dh xgjkbZ esa HkkSfrdrk dk vkf/kiR; gks x;k gS&rHkh ls ge lc ‚n; esa ugha oju~efLr"d esa th jgs gSaA ‚n; Kku vkSj foosd dk dsUÊ gS vkSj ekul fopkj vkSj cqfº dk {ks=gSA Kku vkSj foosd esa fLFkjrk gksrh gS tcfd fopkj vkSj cqfº esa papyrk gksrh gSA blh lanHkZesa ,d fopkj.kh; iz'u ;g gS fd laLœfr gekjh vkUrfjd fLFkfr dks mtkxj djrh gS tcfdlH;rk gekjh ck· fLFkfr gSA vkt dh fo"ke ifjfLFkfr esa&ruko ds bu cksf>y {k.kksa esa geyksxksa dks ;g le>uk gksxk fd D;k ‚n; dh iqdkj lquuh gS vFkok eu ds izokg esa cg tkukgSA ,d gesa vUrohZ.kk ls fu%l`r laxhr dh e/kqj ygjh dh vksj izsfjr djrk gS rks nwljkgkl&foykl] py&fprou vkSj {kf.kd euksjatu dh fn'kk esa cgk ys tkrk gSA fuf'pr :is.kvkReeaFku ds ckn ;g vuqHkwfr feyrh gS fd fuf'pr dks NksM+dj vfuf'pr dh vksj D;ksa

tk;k tk;\ psruk ds ewy Loj ls cgddj] vKkr x.krO; dh vksj fn'kkfoghu D;ksa HkVdktk;s\ ,d gesa lef"V dh vksj ys tkrk gS rks nwljk O;f"V dh vksjA fpUru dk fo"k; ;g gSfd vkt ge yksxksa ds ekul&iVy ij laLœfr dk tks fp= vafdr gS] og ik'pkR;HkkSfrdoknh cqfº ds nk;js esa vkcº gSA ge Hkkjrh; n'kZu] Ωf"k&egkRekvksa }kjk fn;s x;sfn'kk&funsZ'kksa dks Hkwy x;s gSaA rHkh rks lfn;ksa iqjkuh /koy&laLœfr tks gekjh psruk ds ewyLoj gSa&mls NksM+ vuko';d thou izokg esa&tks vux<+ gS&uhjl gS] mls gh thou dk ewyvk/kkj eku cSBs gSaA /;ku nsa fd bl rjg dh vux<+ thou 'kSyh viukus ls tks fd dsoyruko gh ns] vU/kfo'okl gh iSnk djs] ‚n; dh I;kl cq>kus ds ctk; vr`fIr gh ns] D;kthou dk vlyh vkuUn ;gh gS\ rc NViVkgV ds bu {k.kksa esa ge ,slk ekgkSy <wa<+us ds fy,NViVkrs gSa tgka iw.kZ 'kkafr feys] thou dk vlyh vkuUn feys] gekjh lkjh ihM+kvksa dk'keu gksA rc ,dkar ds {k.kksa esa Hkhrj ls gh ,d vkokt gesa izsfjr djrh gS fd HkVdko esa utkdj lgh eqdke dh [kkst djsaA

thou ds cgqvk;keh i{kksa dk thoar niZ.k gksrk gS&laLœfr! gekjk [kku&iku] gekjhos'k&Hkw"kk] gekjs jgu&lgu dk Lrj] gekjs fpUru dk fo"k;] gekjs lkspus&le>us dk <ax]gekjk O;ogkj] gekjk flºkUr] ge vius fy, D;k djrs gSa] ifjokj&lekt vkSj jk"V™ dsfy, D;k djrs gSaA gekjk fo'o/keZ D;k gS\ ;qx gels dSlh vis{kk j[krk gS\ lEiw.kZ ekuorkds fy, ge D;k nsus tk jgs gSa&D;k djus tk jgs gSaA bu reke ewyHkwr igyqvksa dk ≈tkZeafMrLo:i gh laLœfr gSA


^laLœfr* ls cuk ^lkaLœfrd* 'kCn vkt gekjs fpUru dk fo"k; ugha gSA ge yksxbldh xfjek dks Hkwy pqds gSaA tcfd vkt dh ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa ;qxkuq:i lgh ekax ;gh gS fdge lcksa dks ,sls laxhr] Hktu] xhr] xt+y] dfork dh vko';drk gS ftlls ekuo dsO;fFkr eu dks 'kkafr feys&uo≈tkZ izkIr gksA ;fn ge v/kksxkeh thou 'kSyh ls ≈/oZxkehftUnxh ds vkyksd esa thuk pkgrs gSa rks gesa viuh psruk ds ewy Loj dks igpkuuk gksxk] iqu%viuh lkaLœfrd fojklr dks /kjrh ij ykuk gksxkA ;g rHkh laHko gS tc ge viuhlkaLœfrd psruk dks txk;saxsA ftrus Hkh yksx gSa&lcksa ds ikl ,d ikd+ vkokt gksrh gS vkSjog gS fny dh vkokt! ‚n; ds vUnj cjkcj gh izœfr iznŸk oh.kk >aœr gSA ifjfLFkfrtU;dksykgy esa os Loj gesa lqukbZ ugha iM+rsA bu e/kqj Lojksa dks lquus ds fy,&lqukus ds fy,,d ;Fkksfpr ekgkSy dk gksuk vko';d gSA ;g /kjkry gesa cukuk gksxkA ,slh ekufldrk gesacukuh gksxh fd ge thou ds lPps vkuUn dks Hkksx ldsaA gesa ;g le>uk gksxk fd laLœfrdk {ks= fojkV gSA thou ds cgqvk;keh i{kksa dk thoar niZ.k gksrk gS&laLœfr! gekjk[kku&iku] gekjh os'k&Hkw"kk] gekjs jgu&lgu dk Lrj] gekjs fpUru dk fo"k;] gekjslkspus&le>us dk <ax] gekjk O;ogkj] gekjk flºkUr] ge vius fy, D;k djrs gSa]ifjokj&lekt vkSj jk"V™ ds fy, D;k djrs gSaA gekjk fo'o/keZ D;k gS\ ;qx gels dSlhvis{kk j[krk gS\ lEiw.kZ ekuork ds fy, ge D;k nsus tk jgs gSa&D;k djus tk jgs gSaA bureke ewyHkwr igyqvksa dk ≈tkZeafMr Lo:i gh laLœfr gSA dguk u gksxk fd ;s lkjs rF;tks fd ;qxksa&;qxksa ls lkjh fo'o /kjrh dks mn~Hkkf"kr djrs vk jgs gSa&vkyksfdr djrs vk jgs gSa]gekjh laLœfr ds izk.k jgs gSaA

vkt O;ogkj i{k dsoy vkSipkfjd gks x;k gSA ek= vkSipkfjdrk dh xBjh dksflj ij cks> dh rjg <ksrs&<ksrs ge og cu x, gSa&ftlls gekjs lkaLœfrd thou dks Bsligqaprh gSA

vkb;s! ge vius dks] vius ns'k dks vlyh igpku esa yk,aA ix&ix ij le`fº&xfjek&uoksRFkku dk izxfr&iFk gesa iqdkj jgk gSA gekjh vksj jk"V™ fgr&ekuoh; fgr vfues"k n`f"Vls ns[k jgk gS fd ,sls laÿe.k dky esa ge viuh HkO; lkaLœfrd psruk ds vkyksd esaLo;e~ Hkh izdkf'kr gksa vkSj cgqtu fgrk;&cgqtu lq[kk;* ds izsjd fdUrq ;FkkFkZoknh /kjkrydks lkjh nqfu;k ds fy, fodflr djsaA

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g ekjs vaxjsth nksLr ekusa ;k u ekus] eSa rks ;gh dgwaxk fdxqYyh MaMk lc [ksyksa dk jktk gS] vc Hkh dHkh yM+dksa

dks xqYyh MaMk [ksyrs ns[krk gwa] rks th yksViksV gks tkrk gS fdmuds lkFk tkdj [ksyus yxwaA u yku dh t:jr] u dksVZdh] u usV dh] u Fkkih] ets ls fdlh isM+ ls ,d Vguh dkVyh] xqYyh cuk yh vkSj nks vkneh Hkh vk x,] rks [ksy 'kq:gks x;kA

foyk;rh [ksyksa esa lcls cM+k ,sc gS fd mlds lkekuegaxs gksrs gSaA tc rd de ls de lSdM+k u [kpZ dhft,]f[kykfM+;ksa esa 'kqekj gh ugha gks ldrkA ;gka xqYyh MaMk gSfd fcuk gjZfQVdjh ds pks[kk jax nsrk gS_ ij ge vaxjsthphtksa ds ihNs ,sls nhokus gks jgs gSa fd viuh lHkh phtksa lsv#fp gks xbZA Ldwyksa esa gjsd yM+ds ls rhu pkj #i,lkykuk dsoy [ksyus dh Qhl yh tkrh gSA fdlh dks ;gugha lw>rk fd Hkkjrh; [ksy f[kyk,a] tks fcuk nke dkSM+h ds[ksys tkrs gSaA vaxjsth [ksy muds fy, gSa] ftuds ikl /kugSA xjhc yM+dksa ds fy, D;ksa ;g O;lu e<+rs gks\

Bhd gS] xqYyh ls vka[k QwV tkus dk Hk; jgrk gS] rksD;k fÿdsV ls flj QwV tkus] frYyh QV tkus] Vkax VwV tkusdk Hk; ugha jgrk! vxj gekjs ekFks esa xqYyh dk nkx vktrd cuk gqvk gS] rks gekjs dbZ nksLr ,sls Hkh gSa] tks Fkkih dkscSlk[kh ls cny cSBsA ;g viuh&viuh #fp gSA eq>s xqYyhgh lc [ksyksa ls vPNh yxrh gS vkSj cpiu dh ehBhLe`fr;ksa esa xqYyh gh lcls ehBh gSA

og izkr% dky ?kj ls fudy tkuk] og isM+ ij p<+dj Vgfu;ka dkVuk vkSj xqYyh MaMs cukuk] og mRlkg] ogyxu] og f[kykfM+;ksa ds te?kV] og inuk vkSj inkuk] ogyM+kbZ&>xM+s] og ljy LoHkko] ftls NwrvNwr] vehjxjhcdk fcydqy Hksn u jgrk Fkk] ftlesa vehjkuk pksapyksa dh]izn'kZu dh] vfHkeku dh xqatkb'k gh u Fkh] ;g mlh oDr

dgkuh

xqYyh MaMkμizsepan

xqYyh ij vksNh pksV iM+rhvkSj og tjk nwj ij fxjiM+rh] rks eSa >iV dj mls[kqn mBk ysrk vkSj nksckjkVkaM+ yxkrkA x;k ;g lkjhcsdk;fn;ka ns[k jgk Fkk ijdqN u cksyrk Fkk] tSls mlsog lc dk;nsdkuwu Hkwyx,A mldk fu'kkuk fdrukvpwd FkkA xqYyh mlds gkFkls fudydj Vu ls MaMs ijvkdj yxrh Fkh] mlds gkFkls NwVdj mldk dke FkkMaMs ls Vdjk tkuk ysfduvkt og xqYyh MaMs esa yxrhgh ugha! dHkh nkfgus tkrh gS]dHkh ck,a] dHkh vkxs] dHkhihNsA


Hkwysxk tc&tc! ?kj okys fcxM+ jgs gSa] firkth pkSds ij cSBs osx ls jksfV;ksa ij viuk ÿks/kmrkj jgs gSa] vEeka dh nkSM+ dsoy }kj rd gS] ysfdu mudh fopkjËkkjk esa esjk va/kdkje;Hkfo"; VwVh gqbZ ukSdk dh rjg Mxexk jgk gS vkSj eSa gwa fd inku esa eLr gwa] u ugkus dh lqf/k gS] u [kkus dh] xqYyh gS rks tjk&lh] ij mlesa nqfu;k Hkj dh feBkb;ksa dh feBkl vkSjrek'kksa dk vkuan Hkjk gqvk gSA

esjs getksfy;ksa esa ,d yM+dk x;k uke dk FkkA eq>ls nks rhu lky cM+k gksxkA nqcyk]yack] canjksa dh&lh yach&yach] iryh&iryh maxfy;ka] canjksa dh&lh gh piyrk] >YykgV]xqYyh dSlh gh gks] ml ij bl rjg yidrk Fkk] tSls fNidyh dhM+ksa ij yidrh gSA ekyweugha] mlds eka&cki Fks ;k ugha] dgka jgrk Fkk] D;k [kkrk Fkk] ij Fkk gekjs xqYyh Dyc dkpSafi;u] ftldh rjQ vk tk,] mldh thr fuf'pr FkhA ge lc mls nwj ls vkrs ns[k]mldk nkSM+dj Lokxr djrs Fks vkSj mls viuk xksb;ka cuk ysrs FksA

,d fnu eSa vkSj x;k nks gh [ksy jgs FksA og ink jgk FkkA eSa in jgk Fkk exj dqNfofp= ckr gS fd inkus essa ge fnu Hkj eLr jg ldrs gSa] inuk ,d feuV dk Hkh v[kjrk gSAeSaus xyk NqM+kus ds fy, lc pkysa pyha] tks ,sls volj ij 'kkL= fofgr u gksus ij Hkh {kE;gSa] ysfdu x;k viuk nkao fy, cxSj esjk fiaM u NksM+rk FkkA

eSa ?kj dh vksj HkkxkA vuqu;&fou; dk dksbZ vlj u gqvkAx;k us eq>s nkSM+dj idM+ fy;k vkSj MaMk rkudj cksyk&esjk nkao nsdj tkvksA ink;k

rks cM+s cgknqj cuds] inus ds csj D;ksa Hkkxs tkrs gks\^rqe fnu Hkj inkvks rks eSa fnu Hkj inrk jgwaA*^gka] rqEgsa fnu Hkj inuk iM+sxkA*û [kkus tkmaG] u ihus tkmaG\*^gka! esjk nkao fn, fcuk dgha ugha tk ldrsA*êSa rqEgkjk xqyke gwa\*^gka] esjs xqyke gksA*êSa ?kj tkrk gwa] ns[kwa esjk D;k dj ysrs gks!*^?kj dSls tkvksxs] dksbZ fnYyxh gSA nkao fn;k gS] nkao ysaxsA*^vPNk] dy eSaus ve:n f[kyk;k FkkA og ykSVk nksA*ôg rks isV esa pyk x;kA*^fudkyks isV ls rqeus D;ksa [kk;k esjk ve:n\*^ve:n rqeus fn;k] rc eSaus [kk;kA eSa rqels ekaxus u x;k FkkA*^tc rd esjk ve:n u nksxs] eSa nkao u nwaxkA*eSa le>rk Fkk] U;k; esjh vksj gS] vkf[kj eSaus fdlh LokFkZ ls gh mls ve:n f[kyk;k

gksxkA dkSu fu%LokFkZ fdlh ds lkFk lywd djrk gSA fHk{kk rd rks LokFkZ ds fy, gh nsrs gSaAtc x;k us ve:n [kk;k] rks fQj mls eq>ls nkao ysus dk D;k vf/kdkj gS\ fj'or nsdj rks


yksx [kwu ipk tkrs gSaA ;g esjk ve:n ;ksa gh gte dj tk,xk! ve:n iSls ds ikap okys Fks]tks x;k ds cki dks Hkh ulhc u gksaxsA ;g ljklj vU;k; FkkA x;k us eq>s viuh vksj [khaprsgq, dgk&esjk nkao nsdj tkvks] ve:n&le:n eSa ugha tkurkA

eq>s U;k; dk cy FkkA og vU;k; ij MVk gqvk FkkA eSa gkFk NqM+kdj Hkkxuk pkgrk FkkAog eq>s tkus u nsrk! eSaus mls xkyh nh] mlus mlls dM+h xkyh nh] vkSj xkyh gh ugha] ,dpkaVk tek fn;kA eSaus mls nkar ls dkV fy;kA mlus esjh ihB ij MaMk tek fn;kA eSa jksusyxkA x;k esjs bl vL= dk eqdkcyk u dj ldk] HkkxkA eSaus rqjar vkalw iksaN Mkys] MaMs dhpksV Hkwy x;k vkSj galrk gqvk ?kj tk igqapk! eSa Fkkusnkj dk yM+dk ,d uhp tkr ds ykSaMs dsgkFkksa fiV x;k] ;g eq>s ml le; Hkh viekutud ekywe gqvk ysfdu ?kj esa fdlh lsf'kdk;r u dhA

mUgha fnuksa firkth dk ogka ls rcknyk gks x;kA ubZ nqfu;k ns[kus dh [kq'kh esa ,slk Qwykfd vius getksfy;ksa ls fcNqM+ tkus dk fcydqy nq%[k u gqvk] firkth nq%[kh FksA ;g cM+hvkenuh dh txg Fkh] vEekath nq%[kh Fkha] ;gka lc pht lLrh Fkh vkSj eqgYys dh fL=;ksa ls?kjko&lk gks x;k Fkk ysfdu eSa ekjs [kq'kh ds Qwyk u lekrk FkkA yM+dksa ls thV mM+k jgk Fkk]ogka ,sls ?kj FkksM+s gh gksrs gSaA ,sls&,sls maGps ?kj gSa fd vkleku ls ckrsa djrs gSaA ogka dsvaxjsth Ldwy esa dksbZ ekLVj yM+dksa dks ihVs rks mls tsgy gh tk,A

esjs fe=ksa dh QSyh gqbZ vka[kksa vkSj pfdr eqÊk cryk jgh Fkh fd eSa mudh fuxkg esafdruk maGpk mB x;k gwaA cPpksa esa feF;k dks lR; cuk ysus dh og 'kfDr gS] ftls ge] tks lR;dks feF;k cuk ysrs gSa] D;k le>saxs\ mu cspkjksa dks eq>ls fdruh LiºkZ gks jgh Fkh! ekuks dg jgsFks&rqe Hkxoku gks HkkbZ] tkvksA gesa rks blh mGtkM+ xzke esa thuk Hkh gS vkSj ejuk HkhA

chl lky xqtj x,A eSaus bathfu;jh ikl dh vkSj mlh ftys dk nkSjk djrk gqvk mlhdLcs esa igqapk vkSj Mkd caxys esa BgjkA ml LFkku dks ns[krs gh bruh e/kqj cky Lefr;ka ‚n;esa tkx mBha fd eSaus NM+h mBkbZ vkSj dLcs dh lSj djus fudykA vka[ksa fdlh I;kls ifFkd dhHkkafr cpiu ds mu ÿhM+kLFkyksa dks ns[kus ds fy, O;kdqy gks jgh Fkha ij ml ifjfpr uke dsflok ogka vkSj dqN ifjfpr u FkkA tgka [kaMgj Fkk] ogka iDds edku [kM+s FksA

tgka cjxn dk iqjkuk isM+ Fkk] ogka vc ,d lqanj cxhpk FkkA LFkku dh dk;kiyV gksxbZ FkhA vxj mlds uke vkSj fLFkfr dk Kku u gksrk] rks eSa bls igpku Hkh u ldrkA cpiudh lafpr vkSj vej Le`fr;ka ckagsa [kksys vius mu iqjkus fe=ksa ls xys feyus dks v/khj gks jghFkha] exj og nqfu;k cny xbZ FkhA ,slk th gksrk Fkk fd ml /kjrh ls fyiV dj jksmaG vkSj dgwa]rqe eq>s Hkwy xb±! eSa rks vc Hkh rqEgkjk ogh :i ns[kuk pkgrk gwaA

lglk ,d [kqyh gqbZ txg esa eSaus nks rhu yM+dksa dks xqYyh MaMk [ksyrs ns[kkA ,d {k.kds fy, eSa vius dks fcydqy Hkwy x;kA Hkwy x;k fd eSa ,d maGpk vQlj gwa] lkgch BkB esa]jksc vkSj vf/kdkj ds vkoj.k esaA

tkdj ,d yM+ds ls iwNk&D;ksa csVs] ;gka dksbZ x;k uke dk vkneh jgrk gS\


,d yM+ds us xqYyh MaMk lesVdj lges gq, Loj esa dgk&dkSu x;k\ x;k pekj\eSaus ;ksa gh dgk&gka gka oghA x;k uke dk dksbZ vkneh gS rks\ 'kk;n ogh gks\^gka] gS rks*^tjk mls cqyk ldrs gks\*yM+dk nkSM+rk gqvk x;k vkSj ,d {k.k esa ,d ikap gkFk ds dkys nso dks lkFk fy,

vkrk fn[kkbZ fn;kA eSa nwj gh ls igpku x;kA mldh vksj yiduk pkgrk Fkk fd mlds xysfyiV tkmaG] ij dqN lksp dj jg x;kA cksyk&dgks x;k] eq>s igpkurs gks\

x;k us >qd dj lyke fd;k&gka ekfyd] Hkyk igpkuwaxk D;ksa ugha! vki ets esa jgs\^cgqr ets esaA rqe viuh dgks\*^fMIVh lkgc dk lkbZl gwaA*êrbZ] eksgu] nqxkZ lc dgka gSa\ dqN [kcj gS\*êrbZ] rks ej x;k] nqxkZ vkSj eksgu nksuksa Mkfd, gks x, gSaA vki\*êSa rks ftys dk bathfu;j gwaA*^ljdkj rks igys gh cM+s tghu FksA*^vc dHkh xqYyh MaMk [ksyrs gks\*x;k us esjh vksj iz'u Hkjh vka[kkas ls ns[kk&vc xqYyh MaMk D;k [ksywaxk ljdkj] vc rks

/ka/ks ls NqV~Vh ugha feyrhA^vkvks] vkt ge rqe [ksysaA rqe inkuk] ge insaxs] rqEgkjk ,d nkao gekjs mGij gSA og

vkt ys yksA*x;k cM+h eqf'dy ls jkth gqvkA og Bgjk Vds dk etnwj] eSa ,d cM+k vQljA

gekjk vkSj mldk D;k tksM+\ cspkjk >sai jgk FkkA ysfdu eq>s Hkh dqN de >sai u Fkh] blfy,ugha fd eSa x;k ds lkFk [ksyus tk jgk Fkk] cfYd blfy, fd yksx bl [ksy dks vtwck le>dj rek'kk cuk ysaxs vkSj vPNh [kklh HkhM+ yx tk,xhA ml HkhM+ esa og vkuan dgka jgsxk]ij [ksys cxSj rks jgk ugha tkrkA vkf[kj fu'p; gqvk fd nksuksa tus cLrh ls nwj ,dkar esatkdj [ksysa] ogka dkSu dksbZ ns[kus okyk cSBk gksxkA ets ls [ksysaxs vkSj cpiu dh ml feBkbZdks [kwc jl ys ysdj [kk,axsA

eSa x;k dks ysdj Mkd caxys ij vk;k vkSj eksVj esa cSBdj nksuksa eSnku dh vksj pysAlkFk esa dqYgkM+h ys yhA eSa xaHkhj Hkko /kkj.k fd, gq, Fkk ysfdu x;k bls vHkh rd etkd ghle> jgk FkkA fQj Hkh mlds eq[k ij mRlqdrk ;k vkuan dk dksbZ fp u FkkA 'kk;n og genksuksa esa tks varj gks x;k Fkk] ogh lkspus esa exu FkkA

eSaus iwNk&rqEgsa dHkh gekjh ;kn vkrh Fkh] x;k\ lp dgukAx;k >sairk gqvk cksyk&eSa vkidks ;kn djrk gqtwj] fdl yk;d gwaA Hkkx esa vkids

lkFk dqN fnu [ksyuk cnk Fkk] ugha esjh D;k fxurh\eSaus dqN mnkl gksdj dgk&ysfdu eq>s rks cjkcj] rqEgkjh ;kn vkrh FkhA rqEgkjk og

MaMk] tks rwus rku dj tek;k Fkk] ;kn gS uA


x;k us iNrkrs gq, dgk&og yM+diu Fkk ljdkj] mldh ;kn u fnykvksAôkg! og esjs ckythou dh lcls jlhyh ;kn gSA rqEgkjs ml MaMs esa tks jl Fkk] og

rks vc u vknj&lEeku esa ikrk gwa] u /ku esaA dqN ,slh feBkl Fkh mlesa fd vkt rd mllseu ehBk gksrk jgrk gSA*

bruh nsj esa ge cLrh ls dksbZ rhu ehy fudy vk,A pkjksa rjQ lÈkkVk gSA if'pevksj dkslksa rd Hkherky QSyk gqvk gS] tgka vkdj ge fdlh le; dey iq"i rksM+ ys tkrsFks vkSj mlds >wej cukdj dkuksa esa Mky ysrs FksA tsB dh la/;k dslj esa Mwch pyh vk jgh gSAeSa yiddj ,d isM+ ij p<+ x;k vkSj ,d Vguh dkV yk;kA pViV xqYyh MaMk cu x;kA

[ksy 'kq: gks x;kA eSaus xqPph esa xqYyh j[kdj mNkyhA xqYyh x;k ds lkeus ls fudyxbZA mlus gkFk yidk;k] tSls eNyh idM+ jgk gksA xqYyh mlds ihNs tkdj fxjhA ;g oghx;k gS] ftlds gkFkksa esa xqYyh tSls vki gh tkdj cSB tkrh FkhA og nkfgus ck,a dgha gks]xqYyh mldh gFksfy;ksa esa gh igqaprh FkhA tSls xqfYy;ksa ij o'khdj.k Mky nsrk gksA ubZxqYyh] iqjkuh xqYyh] NksVh xqYyh] cM+h xqYyh] uksdnkj xqYyh] likV xqYyh lHkh mlls feytkrh FkhaA tSls mlds gkFkksa esa pqacd gks] xqfYy;ksa dks [khap ysrk gks ysfdu vkt xqYyh dksmlls og izse ugha jgkA fQj rks eSaus inkuk 'kq: fd;kA eSa rjg&rjg dh /kka/kfy;ka dj jgkFkkA vH;kl dh dlj csbZekuh ls iwjh dj jgk FkkA gqp tkus ij Hkh MaMk [ksys tkrk Fkk]gkykafd 'kkL= ds vuqlkj x;k dh ckjh vkuh pkfg, FkhA

xqYyh ij vksNh pksV iM+rh vkSj og tjk nwj ij fxj iM+rh] rks eSa >iVdj mls [kqnmBk ysrk vkSj nksckjk VkaM+ yxkrkA x;k ;g lkjh csdk;fn;ka ns[k jgk Fkk ij dqN u cksyrkFkk] tSls mls og lc dk;ns&dkuwu Hkwy x,A mldk fu'kkuk fdruk vpwd FkkA xqYyh mldsgkFk ls fudydj Vu ls MaMs ij vkdj yxrh Fkh] mlds gkFk ls NwVdj mldk dke Fkk MaMsls Vdjk tkuk ysfdu vkt og xqYyh MaMs esa yxrh gh ugha! dHkh nkfgus tkrh gS] dHkh ck,a]dHkh vkxs] dHkh ihNsA

vk/kk ?kaVk inkus ds ckn ,d ckj xqYyh MaMs esa vk yxhA eSaus /kka/kyh dh&xqYyh MaMsesa ugha yxh] fcydqy ikl ls xbZ ysfdu yxh ughaA

x;k us fdlh izdkj dk vlarks"k ugha izdV fd;kAû yxh gksxhA*^MaMs esa yxrh rks D;k eSa csbZekuh djrk\*ûgha HkS;k] rqe Hkyk csbZekuh djksxs!*cpiu esa etky Fkh fd eSa ,slk ?kiyk djds thrk cprk! ;gh x;k xjnu ij p<+ cSBrk]

ysfdu vkt eSa mls fdruh vklkuh ls /kks[kk fn, pyk tkrk FkkA x/kk gS! lkjh ckrsa Hkwy x;kAlglk xqYyh fQj MaMs ls yxh vkSj brus tksj ls yxh] tSls canwd NwVh gksA bl izek.k

ds lkeus vc fdlh rjg dh /kka/kyh djus dk lkgl eq>s bl oDr Hkh u gks ldk ysfdu D;ksau ,d ckj lc dks >wB crkus dh ps"Vk d:a\ blesa gjt gh D;k gSA eku x;k rks okg&okg]


ugha rks nks&pkj gkFk inuk gh rks iM+sxkA va/ksjs dk cgkuk djds tYnh ls xyk NqM+k ywaxkA fQjdkSu nkao nsus vkrk gSA

x;k us fot; mYykl esa dgk&yx xbZ] yx xbZ! Vu ls cksyhAeSaus vutku cuus dh ps"Vk djds dgk&rqeus yxrs ns[kk\ eSaus rks ugha ns[kkA^Vu ls cksyh gS ljdkj!*^vkSj tks fdlh b±V esa yx xbZ gks\*esjs eq[k ls ;g okD; ml le; dSls fudyk] bldk eq>s [kqn vk'p;Z gSA bl lR;

dks >qBykuk oSlk gh Fkk] tSls fnu dks jkr crkukA ge nksuksa us xqYyh dks MaMs esa tksj ls yxrsns[kk Fkk ysfdu x;k us esjk dFku Lohdkj dj fy;kA

^gka] fdlh b±V esa gh yxh gksxhA MaMs esa yxrh rks bruh vkokt u vkrhA*eSaus fQj inkuk 'kq: dj fn;k ysfdu bruh izR;{k /kka/kyh dj ysus ds ckn] x;k dh

ljyrk ij eq>s n;k vkus yxh blfy, tc rhljh ckj xqYyh MaMs esa yxh] rks eSaus cM+hmnkjrk ls nkao nsuk r; dj fn;kA

x;k us dgk&vc rks va/ksjk gks x;k gS HkS;k] dy ij j[kksAeSaus lkspk] dy cgqr&lk le; gksxk] ;g u tkus fdruh nsj ink, blfy, blh oDr

eqvkeyk lkQ dj ysuk vPNk gksxkA^ugha ughaA vHkh cgqr mtkyk gSA rqe viuk nkao ys yksA*^xqYyh lw>sxh ughaA*^dqN ijokg ughaA*x;k us inkuk 'kq: fd;k ij mls vc fcydqy vH;kl u FkkA mlus nks ckj VkaM+

yxkus dk bjknk fd;k ij nksuksa gh ckj gqp x;kA ,d feuV ls de esa og nkao iwjk dj pqdkAcspkjk ?kaVk Hkj ink ij ,d feuV gh esa viuk nkao [kks cSBkA eSauss vius ‚n; dh fo'kkyrkdk ifjp; fn;kA

^,d nkao vkSj [ksy yksA rqe rks igys gh gkFk esa gqp x,A*^ugha HkS;k] vc va/ksjk gks x;kA*^rqEgkjk vH;kl NwV x;kA dHkh [ksyrs ugha\*^[ksyus dk le; dgka feyrk gS] HkS;k!*ge nksuksa eksVj ij tk cSBs vkSj fpjkx tyrs&tyrs iM+ko ij igqap x,A x;k pyrs&pyrs

cksyk&dy ;gka xqYyh MaMk gksxkA lHkh iqjkus f[kykM+h [ksysaxsA rqe Hkh vkvksxs\ tc rqEgsaiqGjlr gks] rHkh f[kykfM+;ksa dks cqykmaGA

eSaus 'kke dk le; fn;k vkSj nwljs fnu eSp ns[kus x;kA dksbZ nl&nl vknfe;ksa dheaMyh FkhA dbZ esjs yM+diu ds lkFkh fudys! vf/kdka'k ;qod Fks] ftUgsa eSa igpku u ldkA[ksy 'kq: gqvkA eSa eksVj ij cSBk&cSBk rek'kk ns[kus yxkA vkt x;k dk [ksy] mldk og uSiq.;ns[kdj eSa pfdr gks x;kA VkaM+ yxkrk] rks xqYyh vkleku ls ckr djrhA dy dh lh og


f>>d] og fgpfdpkgV og csfnyh vkt u FkhA dgha dy blus eq>s bl rjg ink;k gksrk] rkseSa t:j jksus yxrkA mlds MaMs dh pksV [kkdj xqYyh nks LkkS xt dh [kcj ykrh FkhA

inkus okyksa esa ,d ;qod us dqN /kka/kyh dhA mlus vius fopkj esa xqYyh yid yhFkhA x;k dk dguk Fkk&xqYyh tehu esa yxdj mNyh FkhA bl ij nksuksa esa rky Bksdus dhukScr vkbZ gSA ;qod nc x;kA x;k dk rerek;k gqvk psgjk ns[kdj Mj x;kA vxj og ncu tkrk rks t:j ekjihV gks tkrhA

eSa [ksy esa u Fkk ij nwljksa ds bl [ksy esa eq>s ogh yM+diu dk vkuan vk jgk Fkk] tcge lc dqN Hkwydj [ksy esa eLr gks tkrs FksA vc eq>s ekywe gqvk fd dy x;k us esjs lkFk[ksyk ugha] dsoy [ksyus dk cgkuk fd;kA mlus eq>s n;k dk ik= le>kA eSaus /kka/kyh dh]csbZekuh dh] ij mls tjk Hkh ÿks/k u vk;kA blhfy, fd og [ksy u jgk Fkk] eq>s [ksyk jgkFkk] esjk eu j[k jgk FkkA og eq>s ink dj esjk dpwej ugha fudkyuk pkgrk FkkA eSa vcvQlj gwaA og vQljh esjs vkSj mlds chp esa nhokj cu xbZ gSA mldk fygkt ik ldrkgwa] vnc ik ldrk gwa] lkgp;Z ugha ik ldrkA yM+diu Fkk] rc eSa mldk led{k FkkA geesadksbZ Hksn u FkkA ;g in ikdj vc eSa dsoy mldh n;k ds ;ksX; gwaA og eq>s viuk tksM+ugha le>rkA og cM+k gks x;k gS] eSa NksVk gks x;k gwaA

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rhu o"kZ ` 1000@& (Mkd[kpZ lfgr) ikap o"kZ ` 1500@& (Mkd[kpZ lfgr) fons'k ds fy, 60 MkWyj 3 o"kZ ds fy, (Mkd[kpZ lfgr) vkthou lnL;rk ` 11000@&

fnukad----------------- gLrk{kj-----------------

œi;k lnL;rk jkf'kudn@psd@M™k∂V'AADHUNIKSAHITYA' ds uke,-Mh-&94@Mh]'kkyhekj ckx]fnYyh&110088 dsirs ij HkstsaA

& & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & &$$$$$ $$$$$

(((((


vkt izR;sd i<+s fy[ks O;fDr dh fnup;kZ v[kckjdh lqf[kZ;ksa ls vkjEHk gksrh gS vkSj ogha ls vkjEHk gks

tkrk gS lekt dh dq#irkvksa ls lk{kkRdkjA pkjksa vksj O;kIrHkz"Vkpkj] HkkbZ Hkrhtkokn vkMEcj] LokFkZ&yksyqirk vkSj ?kf.krlkekftd cqjkbZ;ksa ds dkj.k thou ewY;ksa dk fujUrj gkzl gksjgk gSA Hkkjrh; lekt dh tks nqnZ'kk vkt gS o igys fdlh;qx esa ughaa FkhA

;qx dh ifjfLFkfr;ksa ls ekuoh; laosnuk tM+ gks x;hgSA HkkSfrd miyfC/k;ksa dh nkSM+ esa vkneh vUnj ls [kks[kykgks x;k gSA oSKkfud mUufr us Hkys gh ekuo ds ck· 'kjhjdks cM+k dj fn;k gSA n`'; JO; midj.kksa ls muds vk°[kdku cM+s gks x;s gSa] e'khuksa us mlds gkFk&iSjksa dks 'kfDr'kkyhvkSj cM+k cuk fn;k gS ij mlds vUrj dks foKku Nw Hkh ughaik;kA ge izfrfnu vius gh vkbus esa vius dks ns[krs gSa fd?kVuk&nq?kZVuk ls vizHkkfor e'khu dh rjg vius ca/ks&caËkk,LokFkks± ds y{; ls vyx ns[kus&lquus dk gesa volj gh ughagksrkA egkuxjh; lH;rk us rks O;fDr dks izk;% vdsyk vkSjvyx&Fkyx cuk fn;k gSA vkneh dks vkneh ls fdrukdkV fn;k gS] mldk vglkl tc gesa gksxk rks cgqr nsj gkspqdh gksxhA ;g fLFkfr dHkh Hkh foLQksVd cu ldrh gSA

Ekkuoh; laosnukvksa dh bl tM+rk dks fi?kykuk vktfurkUr vko';d gks x;k gSA blds fy, gesa thou ewY;ksadk uSfrdrk dh i`"B&Hkwfe esa iqu% fu/kkZj.k djuk gksxk]ftlls O;fDr dks bruk rks vglkl gks tk;s fd mldh dkSulh ckr] dk;Z ;k vkpj.k lgh ;k xyr gSA eSa bls ekurk gw°fd izR;sd fodkl'khy ns'k ds lekt vkSj lkekftd ewY;ksaesa laÿkfUr dh voLFkk cuh jgrh gSA ysfdu ;g ugha Hkwyukpkfg, fd ,slh fLFkfr eas ewY;ksa dh igpku vkSj Hkh t:jh gkstkrh gSA

uSfrdrk

uSfrd ewY;vkSj lkfgR;

μMkW- lqjs'k 'kekZ

euq"; dks ladh.kZ n`f"Vdks.kls ≈ij mBkdj mnkŸk ,oafoosdoku cukuk gh lkfgR;dk iz;kstu gSA tSo&oSKkfudn`f"V ls ekuo Hkh izk.kh gSAIk'kq ds leku vkgkj] funzk]bfUn z; yk sy qirk vkfnfof'k"Vrk,° vkSj fodkj mlesaHkh gSA rc ,slk D;k geesavyx gS] tks gesa Ik'kqvksa lsfHkUUk djrk gSA og gS foosd]nwlj s ds l q[k&nq%[k e s algHkkfxrk rFkk la;ferthou 'kSyhA ;gh phtsa gesaeuq"; dh Js.kh esa LFkkfirdjrh gSa vkSj ;gh lkfgR; dhHkwfe vkSj mldk dk;Z{ks= gSAvkpk;Z gtkjh izlkn f}osnhdk ekuuk gS fd lkfgR; ghekuo dks Hkhrj ls lqlaLœrvkSj mUur cukrk gS rHkhmldk ck· :Ik Hkh lkQfn[kk;h nsrk gSA


vktknh ds 67 o"kZ Ik'pkr~ Hkh ge jk"V™ ds mu LoIuksa dks iwjk ugh dj lds tgk°'kkfUr ij vk/kkfjr vFkZO;oLFkk gks] lq[k vkSj oSHko dk leku c°Vokjk gks] 'kks"k.k ls eqfDrfeys] csjkstxkjksa dh ihM+k u jgs rFkk bZekunkjh vkSj lfg".kqrk ds xq.kksa dh izfr"Bk gksA vktHkkjr Lora= gS] ij D;k Hkkjrh; lekt LorU= gS\ vkt Hkh ukjh tkfr ds :i esa Hkkjr dhtula[;k dk ipkl izfr'kr Hkkx xqyke gSA ukjh tkxj.k vkSj ukjh LorU=rk ds vusdvkUnksyu gksrs gq, Hkh Hkkjrh; lekt dh vk/kh tula[;k jlksbZ ?kj esa dSn gSA lekt fdruhcqjkb;ksa dh xqykeh vks<+s gq, gSA ngst izFkk vfyf[kr lafo/kku cuk gqvk gS] rks 'kknh fookg esafQtwy[kphZ gekjh foo'krk gSA /keZ fujis{krk ds lkeus /kekZU/krk lhuk Qqyk, [kM+h gS]Hkz"Vkpkj uSfrd ewY;ksa dks ncksps gS] {ks=okn us jk"V™h; Hkkoukvksa dks dqpyus dk "kM~;U=jpk;k gS rks if'peh Hkksxokn Hkkjrh; laLœfr ij fujUrj izgkj dj jgk gSA

okLro esa lkekftd ewY;ksa dk fo?kVu vkt ds Hkkjrh; lekt dh lcls cM+h =klnhgSA LorU=rk ds Ik'pkr~ bu ewY;ksa dk ftruk iru gqvk gS mruk dHkh ugha gqvk vkSj vkt rksewY;ksa ds iru dh ijkdk"Bk gSA ml lekt dk vki vuqeku yxk ldrs gSa tgka i=dkj]MkWDVj] bathfu;j] f'k{kd] flikgh vkSj lSfud vius dk;Z dks O;olk; ekuus yxs rFkk vius}kjk fd;s x, dke dks osru ls tksM+us yxsA ;gh dkj.k gS fd vkt fLFkfr ;gk° rd igq°p x;hgS fd pkjksa vksj nwj&nwj rd euq"; fn[kkbZ ugha nsrkA n∂rjksa esa dqflZ;ksa ij vf/kdkjh gSa]iqfyl LVs'ku esa ofnZ;ka gSa] fo|ky;&egkfo|ky; esa f'k{kd gSa] vLirkyksa esa MkWDVj gSa] lalnesa laln lnL; gSa] ea=h gSa] ij lc ekuks laosnughuA jkscksVksa ds bl cgqr cM+s lekt dksns[kdj fdlh cgqr cM+h =klnh dh lEHkkouk ls badkj ugha fd;k tk ldrkA

vkt thou ds izR;sd {ks= esa Js"Brk dh vko';drk gSA Hkwe.Myhdj.k us izfrLiËkkZds }kj mUeqDr dj fn;s gSaA vr% vfLrRo dh yM+kbZ esa ogh cpk jg ldrk gS tks ;ksX;] Js"BvkSj tkx:d gSA ;|fi Js"Brk vkSj mRd"kZ ,d y{; u gksdj ,d lrr ;k=k gS tks vusdihf<+;ksa rd pyrh gSA ekuo lH;rk dh vkfne ;qx ls vkt rd dh ;k=k bldk izek.k gSAijUrq mUUkfr vkSj fodkl dh ;g ;k=k ;fn thou ewY;ksa] uSfrd] lkekftd ewY;ksa vkSjlokZfËkd ekuoh; ewY;ksa dh mis{kk ij vk/kkfjr gS rks fu'p; gh O;FkZ Hkh gS vkSj [krjukdHkhA Js"Brk ogh dkE; gS tks ewY;ksa ls ifjpkfyr gksA

vc iz'u mBrk gS fd vkf[kj ;s thou ewY; D;k gSa\ ;|fi bl iz'u dk mŸkj dfBugS rFkkfi dqN ckrsa crkus&le>kus ,oa lkspus&fopkjus ls T;knk O;ogkj esa thus dh gksrh gSaAthou thus ds u rks ca/ks&ca/kk;s QkeZwys gks ldrs gSa vkSj u gh muls thou ft;k tk ldrk gSAizR;sd jk"V™ dh laLœfr esa gh thou ewY;ksa dk mRl gksrk gSA tks rF; jk"V™ dh laLœfr dhigpku dks dk;e j[kus ds fy, lqn`<+ lEcy curs gSa] mUgsa gh ge thou ewY;ksa ds :Ik esaigpkurs gSaaA


ysfdu gekjh =klnh ;g gS fd bu ewY;ksa dks viukus vkSj O;ogkj esa ykus dh {kerkge ugha tqVk ikrsA gekjs lkeus nks gh ekxZ gksrs gSaA igyk gS Lo;a dks HkhM+ dks lefiZr djdsflj uhpk dj yhd ij pyus dk vkSj nwljk gS thou ewY;ksa vkSj vkn'kks± ds ekxZ esa vkus okys[krjksa ls VDdj ysus dkA xk°/kh] lqdjkr rFkk dchj] fujkyk viuh&viuh yksdfiz;rk dsdkj.k egku ugha Fks cfYd mudh egkurk bu [krjksa dks lhus ij >syus esa FkhA vkt gekjsjk"V™h; pfj= ls egkurk dk ;g xq.k yqIr gksrk tk jgk gSA

tc ge ewY;ksa dh j{kk ds fy, [kM+s u gksdj ekSu jgus dk fu.kZ; ys ysrs gSa rks fu';pgh ge cgqr cM+s iki ds Hkkxh cu tkrs gSaA ,slh fLFkfr esa ekSu dk vijk/k v{kE; gSA ekSujgus dk ;g vijk/k vkt rks jk"V™h; pfj= cu x;k gS tks fu'p; gh ,d cgqr cM+k vfHk'kkigSaA xyr fu.kZ; dks eu ls xyr ekurs gq, Hkh mlds fojks/k esa izfrokn u djds ekSu jgdjiyk;u dh 'kj.k ys ysuk] vusd vijk/kksa dk tud cu tkrk gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa ekSu fu'p;gh cgqr gh cM+k iki gS ;k ;g dgk tk;s fd ekSu ;k rVLFkrk tqeZ djus ls Hkh cM+k tqeZ gSD;ksafd ,slh fLFkfr esa O;fDr dks vius ‚n;] cqfº vkSj thou vkn'kks± ls Ny djuk iM+rk gSAml O;fDr dh Js"Brk csekuh gS tks xyr fu.kZ; ds fo#º viuh vkokt ugha mBkrkA

O;fDrxr LokFkZ vkSj tudY;k.k dh Hkkoukvksa esa lnSo }U} jgk gSA cgqtu fgrk; dksHkqykdj LokUr% lq[kk; ek= dks y{; cukdj pyus okyk Js"Bre O;fDr Hkh thou ewY;ksadh n`f"V esa fuœ"V O;fDr dgyk;sxkA jk"V™ dh Js"Bre laLFkkvksa ds vid"kZ dk ,d ek=dkj.k Hkh O;fDrxr LokFkks± }kjk tufgr dh Hkkoukvksa dks nckuk ek= gSA tc ;g LokFkZ HkkoukewY;foghu gksdj jk"V™ ls tqM+rh gS rks jk"V™h; pfj= dh dq:Ik rLohj mHkjrh gSA

Hkwe.Myhdj.k] izkS|ksfxdh vkSj izkfof/kd foKku dh vHkwriwoZ izxfr rFkk ifjorZudh vfu;fU=r xfr us ekuoh; thou&bfrgkl ds vko';d ?kVdksa dh mik;ksfxrk ij iz'ufpUg yxk fn, gSaA f'k{kk vkSj lkfgR; dh mi;ksfxrk buesa loZizFke gSA HkweaMyhdj.k xyrugha gS] mldk ldkjkRed i{k ;g gS fd fo'o ds fdlh Hkh Hkkx ds fodkl dk YkkHk lHkhdks lqyHk gksA ij okLro esa ;g iwathoknh izlkj izfÿ;k ds :Ik esa gh mHkj jgk gSA blh izdkjeqDr O;kikj ds uke ij Hkh cgqjk"V™h; daifu;ksa ds ,dN= ,dkf/kdkj dh LFkkiuk dhnqjfHklaf/k py jgh gSA euksjatu ds uke ij vilaLœfr ds izlkj dk "kM;a= rks dc ls pyjgk gS ftlesa fopj.kk dk frjksg.k] ekufld&ckSfºd {kerk dk {k;] Hkk"kk] dyk vkSj lkfgR;dk vidsUnzhdj.k lHkh dqN ^l|kstkrk; ueks ue%A* lc dqN ^jsMhesM*A lkfgR; blvilaLd`fr esa vuqi;ksxh (fel fQV) cu x;k gSA ij lkfgR; laLœfr] tkrh; thou dhvfLerk vkSj vUrr% ekuoh; vfLerk vkSj xfjek dk vk/kkj gSA

eSa vuqHko djrk gw° fd ekuo tkfr ,d vR;ar dfBu nkSj ls xqtj jgh gSA fofHkUUkladh.kZ LokFkks± ls ekuo ewY;ksa vkSj euq";rk dks ncksp fy;k gSA fo'o NksVs&NksVs ladh.kZ


LokFkks± ds VqdM+s&VqdM+s gksdj fc[kj jgk gSA 'kgj vkSj xkao eqV~Bh Hkj yksxksa dh LokFkZiwfrZ dsfy, fofHkUUk tkfr;ksa vkSj lEiznk;ksa esa caVdj fc[kj jgs gSaA pkjksa vksj Hkz"Vkpkj] ?kwl&fj'or]^LdSe* vkSj ^LdSUMyksa* dk cksyckyk gSA bl ewY;ghu vkik/kkih ls ifjpkfyr tkrh;thou dh j{kk ek= lkfgR; gh dj ldrk gS] D;ksafd lkfgR; gh ekuo dks Hkhrj vkSj ckgj lslqlaLœr vkSj mUUkr cukrk gSA bfUnz;&yksyqirk] Nhuk&NiVh vkSj LokFkZijrk ds bl laÿe.kdky esa lkfgR; dh mikns;rk Lor% flº gSA

euq"; dks ladh.kZ n`f"Vdks.k ls ≈ij mBkdj mnkŸk ,oa foosdoku cukuk gh lkfgR;dk iz;kstu gSA tSo&oSKkfud n`f"V ls ekuo Hkh izk.kh gSA Ik'kq ds leku vkgkj] funzk] bfUnz;yksyqirk vkfn fof'k"Vrk,° vkSj fodkj mlesa Hkh gSA rc ,slk D;k geesa vyx gS] tks gesaIk'kqvksa ls fHkUUk djrk gSA og gS foosd] nwljs ds lq[k&nq%[k esa lgHkkfxrk rFkk la;fer thou'kSyhA ;gh phtsa gesa euq"; dh Js.kh esa LFkkfir djrh gSa vkSj ;gh lkfgR; dh Hkwfe vkSjmldk dk;Z{ks= gSA vkpk;Z gtkjh izlkn f}osnh dk ekuuk gS fd lkfgR; gh ekuo dks Hkhrjls lqlaLœr vkSj mUur cukrk gS rHkh mldk ck· :Ik Hkh lkQ fn[kk;h nsrk gSA eqa'kh izsepanHkh ekurs gSa fllkfgR; efLr"d dh oLrq ugha] ‚n; dh oLrq gSA tgk° Kku vkSj mins'kvlQy gksrk gS ogk° lkfgR; ckth ekj ys tkrk gSAfi

eSa vius vkys[k esa laLœr lkfgR; ds egku vkpk;ks± }kjk fo'ysf"kr&lkfgR;&iz;kstu;k ^jl vkLokn* vkSj ^czEgkuUn lgksnj* dh ckr ugha d:axk vfirq vkt ds bl vkik/kkihvkSj vilaLœfr ds nkSj esa tgk° ekuoh; vkSj lkekftd ewY;ksa ds iru dh ijkdk"Bk gS] ogk°lkfgR; ds v/;;u&v/;kiu dh D;k mikns;rk gS] bl dsUnzh; fcUnq ij gh fVdk jgw°xkA

gekjs fo'ofo|ky; gtkjksa dh la[;k esa MkWDVj] bathfu;j] odhy] vFkZ'kkL=h]f'k{kk&fon~ vkSj oSKkfud cukrs gSaA izkS|ksfxdh] okf.kT;] nwjlapkj] nwjn'kZu ds {ks= esa Hkhgekjh mUufr dh lhek,° ihNs NwV x;h gSaA pk°n ij thou dk LoIu latks jgs gSa ij nwljh vksjlkekftd&uSfrd vkSj ekuoh; ewY;ksa ds iru dh ijkdk"Bk ij tk igq°ps gSaA ^lk fo|k ;kfoeqDr;s* ds vkn'kZ okD; gekjs fy, csekuh gks x, gSaA ,sls esa ekuo dh ekuo ds :Ik esaizfr"Bk ek= lkfgR; ls gh lEHko gSA thou ewY; ekuoh; vkpj.k vkSj O;ogkj dk ekun.MvkSj ekud gksrs gSaA buesa tkrh; vuqHko ds fupksM+ vkSj fofo/k lkekftd lkaLœfrdijEijk,° Hkh lekfgr jgrh gSaA bUgha esa ekuoh; ewY;ksa vkSj uSfrd ekun.Mksa dk okl jgrk gSAbu ekuoh; ewY;ksa ij izgkj djus okys Hkz"Vkpkfj;ksa] vijkf/k;ksa vkSj voljokfn;ksa dksHk;Hkhr djus ds fy, fu'p; gh lkfgR; :ih vL= dh /kkj dks vkSj iSuk cukdj u;h ih<+hdks lkSaiuk gksxkA

vius {ks= dk Js"B bathfu;j ewY;ksa ds vHkko esa Bsdsnkj ds izyksHkuksa ls ugha cp ikrk]ogha Js"B pkVZMZ ,dkmaVsaV vk;&izksiVhZ vkSj VSDl ds [ksy esa ek= lsBksa dk nyky cu dj jg


x;k gSA thou ewY;ksa ds vHkko esa vkt gj ckyd ^flthfj;u * iSnk gksrk gS ;k Hkzw.k ijh{k.kdj vusd cPpksa dks bl lalkj esa vkus ugha fn;k tkrkA j{kk ds fy, cuk;h ,-ds-47 vkSjvU; Lopkfyr vL=&'kL= uSfrd ewY;ksa ds vHkko esa ekuo fouk'k dk dkj.k cu x, gSaAblh izdkj dEI;wVj] nwjn'kZu] nwjlapkj ds lk/ku eksckby Qksu vkfn uSfrd ewY;ksa dhf[kYyh mM+krs fn[kyk;h iM+rs gSaa] lalkj ds fodflr jk"V™ Hkys gh vkfFkZd {ks= esa vdwr{kerk lEiUUk gSa ij uSfrd&lkekftd n`f"V ls furkUr foiUu vkSj fiNM+s gSaA

fu'p; gh lkfgR; ekuo dks thou ewY; rFkk ekuoh; vkpj.k vkSj O;ogkj dsekun.M nsrk gSA blds fcuk dbZ ckj rks yxrk gS fd bl nkSj esa vius&vius {ks= ds Js"BO;fDr vius&vius {ks= ds pje mUUkfr izkIr vijkf/k;ksa dk ,d la;qDr ifjokj cu x;k gStks lgvfLrRo esa fo'okl djrk gSA lglk dfo /kwfey ;kn vk tkrs gSa%&

eSaus gjsd dks vkokt nh @ gjsd dk njoktk [kV[kVk;k @ exj csdkj @ eSaus ftldhiwaN mBkbZ mls eknk ik;k gSA @ os lc frtksfj;ksa ds nqHkkf"k;s gSa @ os odhy gSaA oSKkfud gSaA @v/;kid gSaA usrk gSaA @ ;kfu fd @ dkuwu dh Hkk"kk cksyrk gqvk @ vijkf/k;ksa dk cM+k ,dla;qDr ifjokjA

ysfdu losZ{k.k ;g crkrs gSa fd tks vf/kdkjh lkfgR; vkSj lks'ky lkbal ds ekË;e lsflfoy lfoZflt+ esa vkrs gSa os vaxwBk Nki Hkz"V usrkvksa ds ncko esa de vkrs gSaA ;gh gSlkfgR; dh ≈tkZ vkSj 'kfDr !

vkRelEeku vkSj vfLerk dh j{kk ds fy, gesa ek= lkfgR; ls gh 'kfDr vkSj fgEerfey ldrh gSA lkfgR; ds pje lR; dks ikus ds fy, Hkh mldk ewY; pqdkuk iM+rk gSAlgt vkSj lh/ks lk/kuksa dk izyksHku fu'p; gh R;kxuk gksxkA vkt thou ewY;ksa dk {kj.kftl xfr ls gks jgk gS vkSj blls uSjk'; dk tks okrkoj.k pkjksa vksj O;kIr gS] bl fodV vkSjHk;kog fLFkfr ls mckjus dh lkeF;Z ek= lkfgR; esa gSA lkfgR; v/;;u ds fcuk f'k{kk Hkysgh O;fDrxr mÌs'; izkIr dj ys ij lkekftd nkf;Ro iw.kZ djus esa furkUr vlQy vkSjvleFkZ jgsxhA dfo xq# VSxksj dk fo'okl Fkk fd dsoy ckSfºd fodkl ij cy nsus ek= lsgh ekuo dh dksey o`fŸk;k° izLQqfVr ugha gks ikrhaA vr% lkfgR; dks thou dk vfHkUu vkSjvfuok;Z vax cukuk fgrdj gh ugha vfirq vkt ds nkSj dh vko';drk vkSj vfuok;Zrk HkhgSA lekt] jk"V™ vkSj fo'o ds izfr ekuo ek= ds dŸkZO; vkSj nkf;Ro dks izkS|ksfxdh] xf.kr]foKku] okf.kT;] VSDuksykWth vkfn ugha fl[kk ldrsA ekuo dks lgh vFkk±s esa ekuo cukus dhlkeF;Z vkSj {kerk ek= lkfgR; esa gh gSA

qqq

124] lg;ksx vikZVesUV~l] e;wj fogkj Qsl&1] fnYyh&110091A eks- 9910030715


:ikUrj.knksigj ls gh mu nksuksa dk ewM [kjkc FkkA ,d&nwljs ds O;ogkj dks xyr ekurs gq,]

,d&nwljs dh vksj ihNs fd;s ysVs FksA lksprs&lksprs le; ds ,d {k.k ij vkdj fu'kkds vga ds dne Bgj ls x;sA vUreZu esa py jgh fiDpj dks mlus ckj&ckj vkxs&ihNs ewodjds ns[kkA D;k foËkq lpeqp xyr Fkk vkSj og lgh mŸkj esa ldkjkRed Ëofu ugha fudkyik jgh FkhA ckr NksVh lh gh lgh ij foËkq dh ckr esa xyr D;k FkkA mlus vkf[kj bruk ghrks dgk FkkμijQkjesal] ijQkjesal gksrh gSA og Vh-oh- dk;Zÿe esa fu;ksftr vkfVZLVksa }kjknh xbZ gks ;k xyh&eksgYys dh lM+dksa ij ?kqeDdM+ksa ds }kjkA cfYd ?kqeDdM+ksa }kjk nh xbZijQkjesal dgha vfËkd LokHkkfod gksrh gSA blfy, bu ?kqeDdM+ksa dks Hkh turk ls mruk ghizksRlkgu ikus dk gd gS ftruk fu;ksftr Vh-oh- vkfVZLVksa dksA mlds }kjk ?kqeDdM+ksa dhrqyuk fHk[kkfj;ksa ls djus dk foËkq us fojksËk fd;k FkkA

rqe bu ?kqeDdM+ cPpksa ds xkus dh ijkQkjesal ij budk mRlkg ugha c<+kuk pkgrh gksrks er c<+kvksA ij bUgsa fHk[kkjh er dgksA eSaus bUgsa ik°p #i;s nsdj u rks ?kj yqVk fn;k gS vkSju budks efgek ef.Mr dj fn;k gSA eq>s mudk xkuk vPNk yxk] lks izksRlkgu ds rkSj ijdqN ns fn;kA dHkh lkspdj ns[kks] fdruk I;kjk xkrs gSa nksuksaA ?kaVs nks ?kaVs viuh dyk dkizn'kZu djds ;s dqN dek ysrs gSa rks D;k xyr djrs gSaA budk cki ugha gSA ek° ?kjksa esapkSdk&crZu djrh gSa bruk ugha dek ikrh fd nks oDr dh nky&jksVh ds ckn bUgsa i<+k&fy[kkldsA viuh i<+kbZ dk [kpkZ ;s viuh dyk dh ijQkjesal nsdj fudkyrs gSaA

gks ldrk gS os Vh-oh- vkfVZLV dyk dks le`º dj jgs gksaA ij bUgsa dqN nsuk Hkh[k gS rksmudh ijQkjesalst dks ,izhfl,V djus ds fy, rqe jkst eSlstksa ij chl&rhl #i;s [kpZ nsrhgksA og D;k\ mudks oksV&liksVZ djuk dksbZ fu%'kqYd rks ugha gSA eSaus rks rqEgsa dHkh ughaVksdkA ijQkjesal ds ckn ;s dqN ek°xrs gSa rks os Hkh dqN ek°xrs gSaA

foËkq ds }kjk eSlstksa ij chl rhl #i;s [kpZ dj nsus dh ckr mls pqHk xbZ FkhA mls yxk FkktSls foËkq us mlds ,UTok;esaV ij fQtwy[kphZ dk desUV dj fn;k gksA ij 'kk;n mldh ckrle>us dk esjk utfj;k xyr FkkA mlus rks viuh ckr le>kus ds fy, nksuksa fLFkfr;ksa esa rqyuk Hkhdh FkhA ij mlds dgus ds <ax esa rh[kkiu Hkh rks cgqr FkkA og I;kj ls Hkh viuh ckr dg ldrkFkkA ij rh[kkiu rks esjh ckr esa Hkh de ugha FkkA fQj eSa bl ckr ij igys Hkh dbZ ckj mlls my>pqdh gw°A 'kk;n mldk rh[kkiu blh dh izfrfÿ;k jgk gksA tks Hkh gks eq>s foËkq dks lkWjh---A

vkSj fu'kk us djoV cnyhA viuk ,d gkFk foËkq ds 'kjhj ij j[kk vkSj Ëkhjs lscksyhμlkWjh ;kj! vc ekQ Hkh dj nks] xyrh gks xbZA qqq

,Q&488@2] xyh la- 11] jktsUÊ uxj] #M+dh] gfj}kj&247667 (mŸkjk[k.M)A laidZ % 09412842467

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μmes'k egknks"kh


Qwy vkSj dk¡VsfleEeh fdrus lqUnj jax&fcjaxs Qwy f[kys gSaA ns[kks ;s OgkbZV dyj dk NksVk lk Qwy!

vgk! blesa ls rks fdruh vPNh lqxaËk vk jgh gSA D;k eSa ,d Qwy rksM+ yw°\filqcg&lqcg Ldwy ds fy, rS;kj gqbZ csVh dks uhps vkWVks rd NksM+us vkrs le; og

gekjs edku ekfyd ds cxhps esa yxs Qwyksa dks ns[k frryh dh Hkk°fr [kq'k gks jgh FkhA eSaus mlsle>krs gq, dgkμflugha! csVk Qwy isM+ksa ij gh vPNs yxrs gSaA nwljksa ds cxhps ls fcuk iwNsdHkh Qwy ugha rksM+uk pkfg;sAfi

esjs le>krs&le>krs Hkh fiadh us D;kfj;ksa esa yxs vufxur eksxjs ds Qwyksa esa ls ,dQwy rksM+ gh fy;kA K-II esa i<+us okyh fiadh Qwy dh [kq'kcw ls eLr gks >we&>wedj pyjgh FkhA eSa Mj jgh Fkh fd edku ekfyd us ns[k fy;k rks fpYyk;saxsA mUgksaus vius dejs dhf[kM+dh ls fiadh dks Qwy rksM+rs ns[k fy;k FkkA njoktk [kksy ckgj vk mUgksaus gesa Mk°Vuk'kq: dj fn;kμflQwy D;ksa rksM+k] irk Hkh gS fdruh esgur djus ij ;s Qwy rS;kj gksrs gSaAfelst xxZ D;k vki vius cPpksa dks le>krh& fl[kkrh ugha gSa\fi

eSa D;k tokc nsrh] vk°[kksa esa vk°lw Hkj vk;s FksA lkWjh cksyrs gq, eSaus fiadh dks vkWVks esafcBk;k rks os vk°lw Nydus yxs FksA fiadh us vius NksVs&NksVs gkFkksa ls esjs vk°lw iksaN fn;sA eSayxHkx nkSM+rs gq;s ≈ij vius ∂ySV dh vksj c<+ xbZ FkhA

fiadh ds vkus dk le; gks x;k FkkA eSaus ckyduh ls >k°ddj ns[kkA gV&gV dhvkokt ds lkFk fiadh vius gkFk esa NksVh lh ydM+h fy, dEikm.M esa ?kql vkbZ xk; vkSjmldh cfN;k dks Hkxk jgh FkhA 'kk;n esu xsV [kqyk jg x;k gksxkA nksigj dk le; gksus lsfe- ns'kik.Ms vkSj mudk ifjokj vkjke ls lks jgk gksxkA rHkh xk; vanj ?kqldj muds ikSËkksadks [kkus okyh FkhA xk; vkSj cfN;k dks Hkxkdj xsV candj fiadh ≈ij vk;h rks eSaus mllsdgkμflrqe xk; dks Hkxk jgh Fkh] og rqEgsa ekj nsrh rks\ vkSj fQj lqcg vady us rks rqEgsaMk°Vk FkkA [kk ysus nsuk Fkk muds iwjs ikSËks----!fi

fleEeh eSaus ,d Qwy rksM+k Fkk rks bruk Mk°VkA xk; dks iwjk ikSËkk [kkrs ns[k ns'kik.Msvady mls M.Ms ls [kwc ekjrsA xk; dks lkWjh cksyuk Hkh ugha vkrkA mldh csVh (cfN;k)viuh eEek (xk;) dh vk°[k esa vk;s vk°lw Hkh ugha iksaN ldrhA blhfy, eSaus pqipki munksuksa dks Hkxk fn;kAfi

fiadh us eklwfe;r ls tokc fn;k vkSj eSaus dldj mls vius lhus ls yxk fy;kAqqq

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μm"kk vxzoky ^ikjl*


foo'krklqjfHk vkichrh lquk jgh FkhA og cksyrh tk jgh Fkh vkSj esjs lkeus fp= curk tk jgk

Fkkμuqdhyh yEch ukd ij vVdk p'ek vkSj p'es ls ≈ij ?kwjrh nks vk°[ksa---vDlj;kn vk tkrha jkschyh] dBksj vkSj LekVZ felst d#.kk xqIrk! flVkbeVscy cuk ;k ugha]fi muvk°[kksa us ?kwjdj ns[kkA eSa vUnj rd dk°i x;h ysfdu vius dks la;r dj cksyhμflth] vHkhiwjk fd;s nsrh gw°Afi flpkj cts rd esjs ikl vk tkuk pkfg;sAfi iSj iVdrh gqb± os foHkkxh;d{k ls ckgj pyh x;haA fu;e pyk vk jgk Fkk fd muds dsoy nks ihfj;M gksrs Fks] mudh[kkl izoDrk ds rhu vkSj 'ks"k ge nksuksa ds ik°p&ik°pA bl vlekurk ij vUnj&vUnj[kh>rh gqbZ] eSaus u;k VkbeVscy cuk;k vkSj mUgsa ns fn;kA mUgksaus mM+rh gqbZ n`f"V MkydjdgkμflBhd gS] dy ls ;g ykxw gksxk vkSj bl iwjs ekg esjs nksuksa ihfj;M Hkh rqEgha dks ysusgksaxsA eq>s lsehukj dh rS;kjh djokuh gSAfi eSa dsoy ^th* dgdj jg x;hA lqcg ukS cts ls'kke lk<+s pkj cts rd eq>s d{kk,° ysuh gksaxhA eSa ijs'kku Fkh fd esjs Ng ekg ds csVs dks dkSuns[ksxkA os Hkh ,d csVs dh ek° Fkha] ysfdu muds dBksj psgjs ij eerk dk dksbZ fu'kku ugha fn[kkbZnsrk FkkA viuh leL;k crkuk] gennhZ ds LFkku ij muds ÿksËk dks HkM+dkuk Fkk] blfy, pqijghA gkyk°fd esjs ifjJe dks os tkurh Fkha] ysfdu vgadkj ds dkj.k O;Dr ugha djrh FkhaA

vxys fnu gh rst+ cq[kkj ls esjs csVs dh gkyr fcxM+ x;hA iM+kslh us eq>s lwpuk nhAmUgksaus eq>s NqV~Vh ugha nh vkSj ulhgr ns Mkyh fd ?kj dh leL;k dks ?kj esa NksM+dj vk;kdjksA eSa MkWDVj dks ugha fn[kk ik;hA esjs cPps dks fy, gq, esjh iM+kslh vkWfQl esa cSBh jghaAeSa d{kk,° ysrh jghA i<+krs le; esjk Ë;ku ckj&ckj cPps dh vksj tkrk] ij eSa foo'k FkhA'kke rd mldh gkyr bruh fcxM+ x;h fd mlus ne rksM+ fn;kA esjs nq%[k vkSj fo{kksHk dhdksbZ lhek ugha FkhA eSaus ukSdjh NksM+ nhA

eSa Qjhnkckn pyh vk;hA ogk° ,d NksVk&lk fx∂V lsUVj [kksy fy;kA le; chrkA,d NksVk ∂ySV [kjhnus dk fopkj vk;kA ∂ySV ns[kus ds fy, ftl txg x;h] mlls feys∂ySV ds xsV dks diM+s ls lkQ djrs gq, ,d ttZj o`º efgyk dks ns[kdj fBBd x;hAvkœfr dqN tkuh&igpkuh yxhA Ë;ku ls ns[kk] igpku fy;k---felst d#.kk xqIrk! eSausmUgsa ueLrs dh] ijUrq os eq>s igpku ugha ik;haA eSaus ∂ySV ys fy;kA ckn esa irk pyk fdmuds bathfu;j csVs&cgw dk O;ogkj muds izfr cgqr vfËkd cqjk FkkA os muls ,d lsfodkdh rjg dke ysrs Fks vkSj muds lkFk jguk] bl mez esa] felst d#.kk xqIrk dh foo'krk FkhA

qqq

th&91lh] lat;xkaËkh iqje~] y[ku≈&226016A laidZ % 09412549904

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μfefFkys'k nhf{kr

as jan march 2015 text e issue

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