AS RELATED TO ANIMAL FARM AND HISTORY.

Propaganda Techniques

Propaganda

Information that is spread for the purpose of promoting some cause or idea

Advertisements and commercials are one type of propaganda. On average, people are exposed to over 3,000 advertisements a day.

Tactic # 1- Propaganda

Who used propaganda in Russia?

(hint he was the leader…)

How did he use propaganda?

PostersPropaganda departmentEducationSignsSongs (jingles)

Propaganda is a tactic!

There are several commonly used positive propaganda techniques:

1. Glittering Generalities2. Slanting Material3. Appeal to Authority4. Appeal to Tradition5. Appeal to Large Numbers6. Appeal to Popular Passions

There are also several commonly used negative propaganda techniques:

1. Name calling2. Personal attack3. Creating misgivings4. Colored words5. Charged words6. Repetition

Glittering Generalities

Making a general, positive statement that seems to good to be true.

For example:“The most wonderful…”“Our nation’s finest….”“Once-in-a-lifetime opportunity!”

Slanting Material

When using this technique, one will emphasize material which supports your point and leave out material that harms it.

For example: “This car has low mileage and is an amazing buy!”

“The hamburger is high in protein.” (What about the saturated fat?”

Appeal to Authority

Referring to a trusted person, group, or institution in order to influence

For example:“Doctors prefer…”“A leading expert says…”“Abraham Lincoln always said…”

Appeal to Tradition

Referring to the past in order to gain support for a product or a cause

For example:“Tried and true”“Just like grandma used to make…”“Our firm has been in business for over 100

years.”

Appeal to Large Numbers (also known as bandwagon):

Indicating that many customers have been satisfied by a certain product

For example:“50,000 people can’t be wrong”“But everyone is wearing pink and yellow!”

Appeal to Popular Passions

Using a common desire in order to influence someone

For example:“In the spirit of the American Revolution…”“Seek Freedom!”“If you believe in giving everyone an equal

opportunity…”

Name-Calling

Calling anyone who does not agree with a certain product or belief a negative name

For example: “Traitor!” “Babbling fool!”

Personal attackAttacking an opponent with negative wordsFor example:“What do you expect from a draft-dodger?”“What can you expect from a proven liar?”

Creating Misgivings (Misinformation)

Lying about someone or something and spreading those lies in order to get one’s way

Distortion of the truthFor example:“Just imagine what awful things might

happen if…”“I hear he may be secretly working for the

other side.”

Colored Words

Phrasing information in a negative way

For example:If a person is

stubborn, is he “firm” or “pig-headed”?

Is a car an “elegant sedan” or a “gas-eating monster”?