asbestos part 1 · building materials ... acoustical plasters acoustical plaster -- in most cases,...
TRANSCRIPT
1
WASBO CONFERENCE
ASBESTOS-PART 1Bill Freeman, CHMM, CIAQP
[email protected] 262-949-0949
WASBO CONFERENCE
Regulatory Agencies in WIEPA –Fed protection of environmentWDNR – Fed + Citation AuthorityOSHA (DSPS) – Worker protectionDHS – CertificationLocal AgenciesWhere to Start….
Asbestos is a natural occurringmineral made of fibers
2
Most asbestos mines are in Quebec, Canada and the Russian Urals, which account for 3/4 of world production of chrysotile asbestos.
Asbestos is mined
What is Asbestos?Asbestos fibers are 1200 times smaller
than a human hair
What is Asbestos?
Three main types of Asbestos:Chrysotile - white
asbestos, accounts for 95% of all asbestos used in building materials
Amosite - brown asbestos, water resistant
Crocidolite - blueasbestos
3
Why Was Asbestos Used?
Tensile/mechanical strengthIncombustible - will not burnCorrosion/chemical resistanceElectrical, heat, sound insulatorFriction resistanceBacteria resistanceDrying characteristics
Where is Asbestos Used?
Asbestos Containing Building Material (ACBM) is found in:Structural Systems: beams,
columns and wallsMechanical Systems: HVAC and
PlumbingElectrical SystemsArchitectural Systems: finished
surfaces
Where is Asbestos Used?
Because of its unique properties, asbestos has been widely used in the building trades throughout this century.
This 1981 advertisement in Asbestos Magazine, an industry publication,lauded the use of asbestos in the construction of the World Trade Center.
4
Pipe, boiler and duct insulationPipe lagging or ‘mag’Cements and ‘muds’ for pipe elbowsBlock, batt and blanket insulationAircell pipe wrapPaper duct wrapGaskets and ropes
Where is Asbestos Used?
5
The gray corrugated, cardboard-like material is Aircell
6
Where is Asbestos Used?
Sprayed-on applicationsFireproofingArchitectural decoration
Trowelled-on applicationsAcoustical plasters
Acoustical plaster -- In most cases, the asbestos layer is the thin (1/8") textured surface layer; the base coat (brown-coat) pressed into wire lathe must also be tested for asbestos content.
7
Asbestos is often found on ceilings as a sprayed-on material. Generally, this material is friable. If it is encapsulated or has a hard coating, it does not represent a hazard unless disturbed.
Spray-on in Residential Ceiling
Here is an example of friable asbestos sprayed-on ceiling beams as fireproofing. Notice where the asbestos is hanging loose.
8
Where is Asbestos Used?
Floor tileCeiling tileTransite siding and slate shinglesRoofing feltsWallboardMastics, tars, joint compounds
9” x 9” Floor Tile
9
Asbestos cement is the most extensively used form of asbestos. This is found commonly on garage/shed roofs, soffits and guttering. Asbestos cement usually contains between 10-25% white asbestos bonded into the cement matrix.
“Transite”
10
Category II ACM -- lab bench top (transite).
Unpainted Drywall showing Taping Compound: when drywall is painted it is impossible to determine the extent of the taping compound.
Asbestos contamination in vermiculite
11
Asbestos in Other Places
Athletic TracksWindow caulks and glazes, ext. caulkTerrazzo and slip sheetsFoundation water-proofingVermiculite in block wallsSink coatingsElectrical components
History of asbestos regulation
OSHA-1970 1st asbestos regulation that protects workersEPA 1982 Schools Rule-Required the
identification of friable asbestos containing building materials in schoolsAHERA (Asbestos Hazard Emergency
Response Act)-Covers the identification and management of all asbestos containing building materials in schools.
Then why is it so bad?
If asbestos is so good...
12
HEALTH EFFECTS
HEALTH EFFECTS
EVALUATE RISKSMiners, ApplicationEpidemiological
StudiesLab Animals
PHYSICIANSObserve SymptomsHypothesisAttempt ProofStudy Data
13
HEALTH EFFECTSWHERE IS CURRENT
DATA FROM?Animal StudiesMiners and
InsulatorsMore Likely to
Acquire Asbestos Related DiseasesDOSE-RESPONSE
Autopsies Show Asbestos in most Urban Residents
HEALTH EFFECTSHARMFUL PROPERTIESSize of Fiber
• 5 microns
Durability BODIES ABILITY TO BREAK
DOWN• Fiberglass 2-3 Years• Asbestos >100 Years
Shape of Fiber • Barbed
No Proof of Different Toxicity
Problematic asbestos - small, aerodynamic
Defeats Respiratory defense mechanisms
14
Fiber Shape
Toxicity
HEALTH EFFECTS
ROUTES OF ENTRYINHALATION
Dose Response
INGESTIONEating SmokingHygiene
Respiratory Tract
NoseTrachea - humidifiedBronchibronchioles alveoli
15
NASAL HAIRSMUCUSSILIVACILIA
phagocyteslysozymesmacrophages
NATURAL DEFENSE
HEALTH EFFECTS
THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
EXCHANGE OF GASESCO2/O2Oxygenate the blood
HEALTH EFFECTS
DISEASES ASSOCIATED WITH ASBESTOS
AsbestosisLung CancerMesothelioma
16
ASBESTOSIS
Fibrotic Scaring of the Lung • FIBROSIS
Impairs Elasticity Restricts O2 Exchange
LATENCY PERIOD:• 15-30 YEARS
IRREVERSIBLE WITH NO CURE
Respiratory Tract
NoseTrachea - humidifiedBronchibronchioles alveoli
White blood cells engulf asbestos fiber
17
Asbestosis symptom -clubbed fingers
LUNG CANCER
Malignant Tumor of the Bronchi Covering
LATENCY PERIOD: 20-30 YEARS
18
Respiratory Tract
NoseTrachea - humidifiedBronchibronchioles alveoli
MESOTHELIOMA
Cancer of the Mesothelium• LINING OF CHEST/ABDOMEN• At time of Diagnoses - Usually
• No Dose Response Effect– Silver Bullet
• LANTENCY PERIOD:30-40 YEARS
MESOTHELIOMA - Thickening of the Pleural Lining
19
Other Diseases
Respiratory Cancerslarynxesophagusstomachcolonkidneypancreas
Pleural Plagues
HEALTH EFFECTS
Synergistic Relationship Between ASBESTOS AND SMOKING20 Cigarettes/Day
• 10X Normal Risk for Lung Cancer
Asbestos Exposure Only• 5X Normal Risk for Lung
Cancer
CIGARETTES + ASBESTOS • 50-90 X Normal Risk for
Lung Cancer
What do I Need to Know
AHERA 101Emergency PlanDesignated Person ResponsiblitiesFire and Water EventsPlanned DemolitionsPlanned RenovationsContractors in My Buildings
20
AHERA 101
Assign Designated PersonIdentify locations of ACMInspect/ReinspectTrainingNotificationOperations and MaintenanceResponse actionsRecordkeeping
Emergency Plan
Emergency contact numbersEmergency procedures: Minor and Major
Fiber Release EpisodesContracted services versus O + MMay require Project Design and Air
Clearance
Designated Person
Designated Person trainingAnnual notifications to publicRegister with DHS annuallyBuilt after 1988?Pre-K and Charter SchoolsMaintenance and other out-buildingsDP is Responsible for all asbestos
activities
21
What’s New?
Asbestos and Fires in SchoolsKeep people away
Asbestos in Water Events (Floods)Is restoration contractor sampling or just
tearing out?
Asbestos in AHU’sMajor Fiber Release Episodes (SM)
Planning Ahead
Planning For DemolitionsWhat is a Hazardous Material – Is this
defined in your demolition contracts?Pre-demolition SurveysAsbestosLeadPCBsRefrigerantsEtc, Etc, Etc…..
Planning Ahead
Planning For Demolitions (Asbestos)Foundation TarsExterior CaulksRoofing MaterialsLead Paint (C+D waste)Inaccessible ACMDNR notice (10 day) - RACMDHS notice (1 or 2 days)
22
Planning Ahead
Planning For Renovations (Asbestos)Do I need to Sample?Magic Date?Can I trust my original survey?Lead paint and RRP rules
Planning Ahead
Outside ContractorsInformWhat if they disturb unknowns or ACM?Entering ContainmentsOther Work activities causing dust that may affect
AHERA air clearancesGood Contractors will look out for your interests!
Public and StaffWhen is the right time to abate?“I think I smell asbestos…”
What’s New?
Recent trends for EPA auditsDNR - Mark DavisDHS
Asbestos Part II
23
QUESTIONS????
The only bad question, is the one that was not asked.
Thank You!