asce wind load examples.pdf

8/9/2019 ASCE WIND LOAD EXAMPLES.pdf

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Wind Loads for Solid Signs,

Other Structures, Roof-TopStructures & Equipment, and

Other Special ConditionsBo !aullus, !"E", S"E"

!aullus Structural Consultants

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#" #" Chapter $% Other Structures '(W)RS

*irectional (ethod+a" Conditions

" Limitationsc" Solid )reestanding Walls or Signs

d" Solid ttached Signs

e" *esign Wind Loads on Other Structures

f" *esign Wind Loads on Rooftop Structures

and Equipment on Buildings

g" !arapets

h" Roof Oerhangs

i" (inimum *esign Wind Loadings

Outline

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#" $" Chapter ./ !art 0 - Components &

Cladding for Building ppurtenances

and Rooftop Structures and Equipment

'*irectional !rocedure+a" !arapets

" Roof Oerhangs

c" Rooftop Structures and Equipment for

Buildings 1ith h 2 0/ ft '#3". m+$" ." E4amples

Outline

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5 #" The structure is a regular-shaped

structure as defined in Section $0"$"$"

Section 26.2.2 - BUILDING OR OTHER

STRUCTURE, REGULAR-SHAPED:

uilding or other structure haing no

unusual geometrical irregularit6 in spatialform"

Section $%"#"$ - Conditions

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5 $" The structure does not hae response

characteristics ma7ing it su8ect to across-

1ind loading, orte4 shedding, or instailit6

due to galloping or flutter9 or it does not

hae a site location for 1hich channeling

effects or uffeting in the 1a7e of up1ind

ostructions 1arrant special consideration"

Section $%"#"$ - Conditions

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5 #" This chapter *OES consider: load

magnification effect caused 6 gusts in

resonance 1ith along-1ind irations of

fle4ile structures"

5 $" This chapter *OES ;OT consider:


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5 ." =f 6our structure does not fall 1ithin the

listed limitations, it should proal6 e the

su8ect of Wind Tunnel Stud6"

Section $%"#". Limitations

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5 #" ;o reductions allo1ed for apparent

shielding 6 uildings, other structures, or

terrain features"

a" =ndiidual hills

" =ndiidual trees or small groes of

trees

c" =ndiidual leees and similar

features"

5 $" Reductions are afforded for Terrain

)eatures in determining E4posure

Categories in Chapter $0"

Section $%"#"> Shielding

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Steps

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5 #" Steps #-> are the same as in Chapters

$0-./"a" Chapter $%, li7e Chapters $0-./, has its

o1n tale, Tale $%".-#, for ?h and ?@" Step A: Eq" $%".-#

q@ /"//$A0?@?@t?d$ 'lDft$+

5 $" Be careful to use q@ or qh, as directedunder each section"

Steps to *etermine Wind Loads

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5 #" ollo1 Signs and Walls are not coered"

a" Signs 1hich hae openings that can epressuri@ed

#+ Bo4ed signs

$+ Signs made from sea containers

.+ Signs 1ith large internal areas for lights

1ith translucent panels

$" Research is eing conducted at Te4asTech


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5 ." Solid Signs can hae openings up to

./F of the Gross rea"

a" Reduction factor can e applied to solidsigns 1ith openings"

" Reduction factor '# - '# - H+#"A+

c" H ratio of solid area to gross area

>" =f the area of openings e4ceeds ./F of

the gross area, it is an open sign" !roceed to Section $%"A - *esign Wind

LoadsIOther Structures

Section $%">"# Solid )reestanding Walls

and Solid )reestanding Signs

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5 A" Basic Equation: 'Eq" $%">-#+

) qhGCfs 'l+5 a" qh the elocit6 pressure ealuated at

height h 'defined in )ig" $%">-#+ as

determined in accordance 1ith

Section $%"."$

h top of the 1all or sign

;ote: qh

is at the top of the sign or 1all

and ?d in Eq $%".-# is the ?d of Solid

)reestanding Walls and Solid )ree-

standing and ttached Signs in Tale

$0"0-#



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5 " G gust-effect factor from Section $0"%

c" Cf net force coefficient from )ig" $%">-#

d" s the gross area of the solid free-

standing 1all or freestanding solid sign, in

ft$ 'm$+



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)igure $%">-#

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)igure $%">-#

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)igure $%">-#

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5 Load Cases to Consider

Case Load applied to the centroid of

the area Case B Load applied 1ith an

eccentricit6 of /"$JB '1idth of the 1all or

sign+

Case C Stepped application of reduced1ind pressures as the distance decreases

from the 1ind1ard edge"



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Case C

Reduction in loads for 1alls or signs 1ith

returns at the ends

/ F reduction

)or Eleated Signs or 1alls: 1here sDh K /"3,

force coefficients shall e multiplied 6 the

reduction factor '#"3 - sDh+

ccounts for reduced 1ind pressures1hen free air flo1 under the 1all or sign

is reduced"



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a"#" Requirements to use method in Section

$%">"#

a" The plane of the sign is parallel to and incontact 1ith the supporting 1all

" Edges of the sign do not e4tend past the

supporting 1all

c" "# $ - Solid ttached Signs

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a" $" !rocedure can also e used for

signs attached to ut not in contact

1ith the supporting 1all"

a" Sign must e parallel to the supporting 1all"" Sign must not e more than three '.+ feet

from the 1all"

c" Edges of the sign must e at least '.+ feet in

from the free edges of the supporting 1all:a" Top of the supporting 1all"

" Bottom of the supporting 1all

c" Side Edges of the supporting 1all

Section $%">"# $ - Solid ttached Signs

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Section $%"A: *esign Wind LoadsIOther

Structures

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Basic Equation: 'Eq" $%"A-#+

) q@GCff'l+ ';+

a" q@ elocit6 pressure ealuated at height @ as

defined in Section $%"., of the centroid of area f

;ote q@ is at the centroid of the area and ?d in

Eq $%".-# is the ?d of the structure t6pe in

Tale $0"0-#

" G gust-effect factor from Section $0"% 'these

structures ma6 often e fle4ile+

c" Cf force coefficients from )igs" $%"A-#


Structures

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d" f pro8ected area normal to the 1ind e4cept

1here Cfis specified for the actual surface area,

in ft$ 'm$+


Structures

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)igure $%"A-#

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)igure $%"A-#

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)igure $%"A-$

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)igure $%"A-$

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)igure $%"A-.

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)igure $%"A-.

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#" ;o guidance is gien for rooftop

structures on uildings K 0/ feet"

$" Research in the SCE committee

suggests that it is proal6 acceptale to

use loads from this section for rooftop

structures on uildings K 0/ feet, ut this

has not een confirmed 6et"." Equation $%"A-$ gies lateral pressure

on the rooftop structure"

Section $%"A-# Rooftop Structures and

Equipment )or Buildings 1ith h 0/ feet

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Lateral Wind force on Rooftop Structures

Basic Equation: 'Eq $%"A-$+

)h qh'GCr+f'l+ ';+

'GCr+ #"% for rooftop structures and

equipment 1ith fless than '/"#Bh+" 'GCr+

shall e permitted to e reduced linearl6

from #"% to #"/ as the alue of fis

increased from '/"#Bh+ to 'Bh+"

qh elocit6 pressure ealuated at mean

roof height of the uilding


Equipment )or Buildings 1ith h 2 0/ feet

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Lateral Wind force on Rooftop Structures

;ote, qh is at the mean roof height and ?d

in Eq $%".-# is the ?d of the uilding, in

Tale $0"0-#, on 1hich the rooftop

structure sits"

f ertical pro8ected area of the rooftop

structure or equipment on a plane normal

to the direction of 1ind, in ft$ 'm$+



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ertical Wind force on Rooftop Structures

Basic Equation: 'Eq $%"A-.+

) qh'GCr+r 'l+ ';+

'GCr+ #"A for rooftop structures and

equipment 1ith r less than '/"#BL+" 'GCr+

shall e permitted to e reduced linearl6

from #"A to #"/ as the alue of r is

increased from '/"#BL+ to 'BL+" qh elocit6 pressure ealuated at mean

roof height of the uilding



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ertical Wind force on Rooftop Structures

;ote qh is at the mean roof height and ?d in

Eq $%".-# is the ?d of the uilding, in Tale

$0"0-#, on 1hich the rooftop structure sits"

r hori@ontal pro8ected area of rooftop

structure or equipment, in ft$ 'm$+



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Lateral C & C pressure 'psf+ shall e equal

to the lateral force 'Ls+ calculated 1ith

equation '$%"A-$+ *==*E* BM the

RES!ECT=E WLL Surface area of the

Rooftop Structure considered"

)orces 'psf+ shall e considered to act in1ard

and out1ard

Section ./"## Component & Cladding

Loads for Rooftop Structures and

Equipment for Buildings 1ith h 2 0/ feet

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ertical C & C pressure 'Ls+ shall e

equal to the ertical force 'Ls+ calculated

1ith equation '$%"A-.+ *==*E* BM the

ori@ontal pro8ected area of the roof of

the Rooftop Structure considered"

The pressures are O;LM required to econsidered to act in the

Loads for Rooftop Structures and

Equipment for Buildings 1ith h 2 0/ feet

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Comment: =f the Rooftop Structure is

large '#/N4$/N or larger+, consider loo7ing

at the do1n1ard pressures from the

uilding C&C loading figures and ma7e

some 8udgment aout do1n1ard 1ind

loading rooftop structures that resemle

small uildings 'penthouses for instance+" ertical Wind Load 1ould act in addition to

*ead and Roof Lie Loads or Sno1 Loads"


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Other Resources

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Other Resources5 !repared 6: Tas7

Committee on Wind-

=nduced )orces of the

!etrochemical Committee

of the Enginer6 *iision ofSCE

5 Seeral of those on the

Tas7 Committee are on

the SCE Wind

Sucommittee

5 Based on SCE -/A

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Wind loads on parapets are specified in

Section $">"A for uildings of all heights

designed using the *irectional !rocedure

and in Section $3">"$ for lo1-rise

uildings designed using the Enelope

!rocedure"P

(ethod presented is the *irectional!rocedure

Section $%"0 !arapets '(W)RS+

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Chapter $3 The Enelope (ethod, is

e4actl6 the same"

Chapter $3 uses the elocit6 pressure

determined 1ith the Enelope (ethod,

rather than the elocit6 pressure in Chapter

$ using the *irectional (ethod"

Section $%"0 !arapets '(W)RS+

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(W)RS pressures due to parapets

Rigid or )le4ile Buildings

pplies to )lat, Gale, or ip Roofs

Section $">"A - !arapets

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Basic Equation: 'Eq $">->+

pp qp'GCpn+ 'lDft$+

pp comined net pressure on the parapet

due to the comination of the net pressures

from the front and ac7 parapet surfaces"

!lus 'and minus+ signs signif6 net pressure

acting to1ard 'and a1a6 from+ the front

'e4terior+ side of the parapet

Section $">"A !arapets '(W)RS+

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qp elocit6 pressure ealuated at the top of

the parapet

'GCpn+ comined net pressure

coefficient Q#"A for 1ind1ard parapet

#"/ for lee1ard parapet

Section $">"A !arapets '(W)RS+

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Section $">"A !arapets '(W)RS+ )=G


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pplicale to ll Building T6pes

pplicale to ll Building eights

E4cept Where the !roisions of !art >

are used 'Simplified (ethod for

Buildings 1ith h 2 #0/ feet+

Section ./"% C & C Loading on !arapets

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Basic Equation: 'Eq" ./"%-#+

p qp''GCp+ 'GCpi++

qp elocit6 pressure ealuated at the top of

the parapet

'GCp+ e4ternal pressure coefficient gien in

)ig" ./">-# for 1alls 1ith h 2 0/ ft '>3"3 m+

)igs" ./">-$ to ./">-$C for flat roofs,

gale roofs, and hip roofs

)ig" ./">-. for stepped roofs


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'GCp+ e4ternal pressure coefficient gien in

)ig" ./">-> for multispan gale roofs

)igs" ./">-A and ./-AB for monoslope

roofs )ig" ./">-0 for sa1tooth roofs

)ig" ./">- for domed roofs of all heights

)ig" ./"0-# for 1alls and flat roofs 1ith h K

0/ ft '#3". m+ )ig" $">-. footnote > for arched roofs


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'GCpi+ internal pressure coefficient from

Tale $0"##-#, ased on the porosit6 of the

parapet enelope"

Consider T1o '$+ Load Cases 1hen

ealuating C & C pressures on parapets

Case !ressures on the surfaces of the

Wind1ard parapet

Case B !ressures on the surfaces of the

Lee1ard parapet


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Specifics of Case :

Wind1ard !arapet shall consist of appl6ing the

applicale positie 1all pressure from )ig" ./">-#

'h 2 0/ ft '#3". m++ or )ig" ./"0-# 'h K 0/ ft '#3".m++ to the 1ind1ard surface of the parapet 1hile

appl6ing the applicale negatie edge or corner

@one roof pressure from )igs" ./">-$ ', B or C+,

./">-., ./">->, ./">-A ' or B+, ./">-0, ./">-, )ig"

$">-. footnote >, or )ig" ./"0-# 'h K 0/ ft '#3".

m++ as applicale to the lee1ard surface of the

parapet"


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Specifics of Case B:

Lee1ard !arapet shall consist of appl6ing the

applicale positie 1all pressure from )ig" ./">-#

'h 2 0/ ft '#3". m++ or )ig" ./"0-# 'h K 0/ ft '#3".m++ to the 1ind1ard surface of the parapet, and

appl6ing the applicale negatie 1all pressure

from )ig" ./">-# 'h 2 0/ ft '#3". m++ or )ig" ./"0-#

'h K 0/ ft '#3". m++ as applicale to the lee1ard

surface" Edge and corner @ones shall e arranged

as sho1n in the applicale figures" 'GCp+


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Section ./"% C & C Loading on !arapets )=G


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Step #: *etermine ris7 categor6 of uilding,

see Tale #"A-#

Step $: *etermine the asic 1ind speed, ,

for applicale ris7 categor6, see )igure $0"A-

#, B or C

Tale ./"%-# Steps to *etermine C&C

Wind Loads on !arapets

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Step .: *etermine 1ind load parameters:

Wind directionalit6 factor, ?d , see Section $0"0

and Tale $0"0-#


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Step >: *etermine elocit6 pressure

e4posure coefficient, ?h, at top of the

parapet see Tale ./".-#

Step A: *etermine elocit6 pressure, qp, at

the top of the parapet using Eq" ./".-#



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Step 0: *etermine e4ternal pressure

coefficient for 1all and roof surfaces

ad8acent to parapet, 'GCp+

Walls 1ith h 2 0/ ft", see )ig" ./">-#

)lat, gale and hip roofs, see )igs" ./">-$ to

./">-$C

Stepped roofs, see )ig" ./">-.

(ultispan gale roofs, see )ig" ./">->

(onoslope roofs, see )igs" ./">-A and ./">-AB

Sa1tooth roofs, see )ig" ./">-0



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Step 0: 'Continued+

*omed roofs of all heights, see )ig" ./">-

Walls and flat roofs 1ith h K 0/ ft", see )ig" ./"0-#

rched roofs, see footnote > of )ig" $">-.

Step : Calculate 1ind pressure, p, using Eq"

./"%-# on 1ind1ard and lee1ard face of

parapet, considering t1o load cases 'Case

and Case B+ as sho1n in )ig" ./"%-#"



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)igure ./"0-#

5 ;ote defines parapets K . feet as tall

parapets Reduced corner pressures on parapet

Similar note on other figures

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Wind loads on roof oerhangs are

specified in Section $">"> for uildings of

all heights designed using the *irectional

!rocedure and in Section $3">". for lo1-

rise uildings designed using the Enelope

!rocedure"P

!resent *irection (ethod in Section $">"# Enelope (ethod in Section $3"."# is similar


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The positie e4ternal pressure on the

ottom surface of 1ind1ard roof

oerhangs shall e determined using Cp

/"3 and comined 1ith the top surface

pressures determined using )ig" $">-#"

Section $"> Roof Oerhangs '(W)RS+

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(ust consider cases 1ith positie internal

pressure and negatie internal pressure

)rom )igure $"0-.

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Section ./"#/ C & C Loading on Roof

Oerhangs pplicale to ll Building T6pes

pplicale to ll Building eights

E4cept Where the !roisions of !art >

are used 'Simplified (ethod for

Buildings 1ith h 2 #0/ feet+

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Oerhangs Basic Equation: 'Eq" ./"#/-#+

p qh''GCp+ 'GCpi++

qh elocit6 pressure from Section ./"."$

ealuated at mean roof height h using

e4posure defined in Section $0"".

'GCp+ e4ternal pressure coefficients for

oerhangs gien in )igs" ./">-$ to ./">-$C

'flat roofs, gale roofs, and hip roofs+,

including contriutions from top and ottom

surfaces of oerhang"

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Oerhangs The e4ternal pressure coefficient for the

coering on the underside of the roof

oerhang is the same as the e4ternal

pressure coefficient on the ad8acent 1allsurface, ad8usted for effectie 1ind area,

determined from )igure ./">-# or )igure

./"0-# as applicale

'GCpi+ internal pressure coefficientgien in Tale $0"##-#

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)igure ./">-$

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)igure ./">-#

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Step #: *etermine ris7 categor6 of uilding,

see Tale #"A-#

Step $: *etermine the asic 1ind speed, ,

for applicale ris7 categor6, see )igure $0"A-

#, B or C

Tale ./"#/-# Steps to *etermine C&C

Wind Loads on Roof Oerhangs

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Step .: *etermine 1ind load parameters:

Wind directionalit6 factor, ?d , see Section $0"0

and Tale $0"0-#


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Step >: *etermine elocit6 pressure

e4posure coefficient, ?h, see Tale ./".-#

Step A: *etermine elocit6 pressure, qh, at

mean roof height h using Eq" ./".-#



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Step 0: *etermine e4ternal pressure

coefficient, 'GCp+, using )igs" ./">-$

through C for flat, galed and hip roofs"

Step : Calculate 1ind pressure, p, using Eq"

./"#/-#" Refer to )igure ./"#/-#



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)igure ./"#/-#

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The design 1ind force for other structures

shall e not less than #0 lDft$ '/" 7;Dm$+

multiplied 6 the area f"

#0 psf is #/ psf from SCE -/A times #"0 to ring

the load to a strength leel load"

ppl6 to the full pro8ected area in each

orthogonal direction"

Section $%"3 (inimum *esign Wind

Loading '(W)RS+

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Loads on man6 shapes in industrial plants

Tan7s, Silos, !ipe rac7s, !artiall6 Clad

)rames, etc"

See SCE report: Wind Loads for

!etrochemical and Other =ndustrial

)acilitiesP

Wind Loads on roof mounted Solar!hotooltaic rra6s

See ne1 SEOC Guide

(aterial in Chapters $% ;ot Coered

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Other Ressources

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5 Office Com!e"

Loc#tion: $ic%it#, &S

'(ee)t#n*in+ Si+n

-Sto( Office

-foot t#!! #(#et

Roof To Unit

$e!! P/m 0 1#inten#nce B/i!*in+Roof Oe(%#n+

C%emic#! Sto(#+e Si!o

E4ample

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5 Site P#(#mete() Common to A!! E"#m!e)

E"o)/(e 3Te((#in Ro/+%ne))4: C Loc#tion: N 5.5, $ 75.869

Section 26.5. 3Oen '#(m!#n*4

Ri) C#te+o( II St(/ct/(e) T#;!e 8.-8

$in*


82/126

E4ample

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5 So!i* Bi!!;o#(* Si+n #t G(o/n* Lee! Dimen)ion): @ $i*e " 8@ Hi+%

Refe(ence 'i+/(e 27.-8 31$'RS4

)8@

B@

%8@

&% .9 3T#;!e 27.-84

&* .9 3So!i* '(ee)t#n*in+ $#!!) 0 Si+n)43T#;!e 26.6-84

% .26 &?&?t&*%e(e )=% F .9, Cf m# ;e m/!ti!ie* ; t%e

(e*/ction f#cto( 38.9 )=%4

)=% 8. F .9

38.9 )=%4 38.9 8.4 .9

' %GCfA) 3L;4 3E 27.-84 '8 32.6)f43.9432.643.9438@"8@4 2 L;)

'2 32.6)f43.9438.543.9438@"8@4 2929 L;)

' 32.6)f43.9438.843.9438@"8@4 878 L;)

A! '8, '2, #n* ' #t !#n C.L. of e#c% !#n !en+t%, ),

f(om e#c% en* of )i+n. See 'i+/(e. A! '8, '2 #n* ' #t .@ #;oe ;#)e of e#c% !#n

!en+t%, )

E4ample-)reestanding Sign

Wind Webinar #3

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E4ample-)reestanding Sign

Wind Webinar #3

26 February 2013

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5 P#(#et 31$'RS4 3Section 27.64

Office B/i!*in+ L 2 ft., B 8 ft.

Roof Hei+%t: % ft. P#(#et Hei+%t: % ft.

Roof S!oe, '!#t: .2:82

Ri*+e #(#!!e! to 2@ )i*e

E"o)/(e C#te+o(: C

Section 27.6 (efe(ence) Section 25.. fo(*i(ection#! (oce*/(e fo( 1$'RS P#(#et !o#*

*ete(min#tion.

E4ample-!arapet '(W)RS+

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3GCn4 3)f4

.26&%&?t&*in*>#(* #(#et 3Section 25..4

GCn -8. fo( !ee>#(* #(#et 3Section 25..4

$in*>#(* P#(#et

3.6 )f438.4 .79 )f #ctin+ to>#(* ;/i!*in+

Lee>#(* P#(#et

3.6 )f43-8.4 -.6 )f #ctin+ #># f(om

;/i!*in+

E4ample-!arapet '(W)RS+

Wind Webinar #3

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5 P#(#et 3C 0 C Lo#*)4 3Section .74

Office B/i!*in+ )#me #) (eio/)

.2638.6438.43.9438842 .6 )f

f(om #(#et 1$'RS, #;oe 33GC4 3GCi44 3E .7-84

P#(#et c#n ;e (e))/(i?e* #!on+ >it% ;/i!*in+

See 'i+/(e

GCi .89 3Enc!o)e* B/i!*in+ T#;!e 26.88-84

E4ample-!arapet 'C & C+

Wind Webinar #3

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St/*) 86J o.c. 3;ot% f#ce)4

Dete(mine Effectie $in* A(e# of St/*)

G(e#te( of T(i;/t#( A(e# o( Effectie $i*t%

Effectie $in* A(e# Definition 3Section 26.24

G(e#te( of 86J=82J 8.@ o( Len+t%= @= 8.65@ 3+oe(n)4

Effectie $in* A(e#: l2= 2= 9. ft2

If Effectie $in* A(e# F 5 ft2, /)e 1'$RS !o#*)

Dete(mine >%ic% fi+/(e to (efe(ence f(om T#;!e .7-8,

Ste 6 'i+/(e .-8 fo( >#!! (e))/(e), % K 6 ft.


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'i+/(e .-2A fo( (oof !o#*), % K 6 ft. #n* +#;!e (oof)

K 5

Dete(mine M#J *i)t#nce 3'i+/(e .-8 #n* .-2A4

Le))e( of 8 of B .838@4 8@ #n* .%

.3@4 86@

8@ +oe(n)

Not !e)) t%#n t%e +(e#te( of of B .38@4 @

o( @

# 8@

Ente(in+ 'i+/(e .-8 fo( (e))/(e coefficient) on

e"te(io( )/(f#ce) of t%e #(#et):

one Po)itie P(e))/(e: GC 8.

one Po)itie P(e))/(e: GC 8.


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one Ne+#tie P(e))/(e: GC -8.8

one Ne+#tie P(e))/(e: GC -8.

Note )#) t%#t #!/e) of GC m# ;e (e*/ce*

; 8 >%en K 8

one Po)itie P(e))/(e: GC 3.748. .7 one Po)itie P(e))/(e: GC 3.748. .7 one

Ne+#tie P(e))/(e: GC 3.74-8.8 -8.

one Ne+#tie P(e))/(e: GC 3.74-8. -8.26

Ente(in+ 'i+/(e .-2A fo( (e))/(e coefficient) on

inte(io( 3(oof )i*e4 )/(f#ce) of #(#et:

Effectie $in* A(e#: A 2= 9. ft2

# 8 ft. #) in 'i+/(e .-8

one 8, 2, #n* Po)itie P(e))/(e: GC .


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one 8 Ne+#tie P(e))/(e: GC -8.

one 2 Ne+#tie P(e))/(e: GC -8.9

one Ne+#tie P(e))/(e: GC -2.9

Note : MIf # #(#et e/#! to o( %i+%e( t%#n ft

3.7m4 i) (oi*e* #(o/n* t%e e(imete( of t%e

(oof >it% K 5, t%e ne+#tie #!/e) of GC in

one )%#!! ;e e/#! to t%o)e fo( one 2 #n*

o)itie #!/e) of GC in one) 2 #n* )%#!! ;e

)et e/#! to t%o)e fo( >#!! one) #n*

(e)ectie! in 'i+/(e .-8.J

P#(#et %ei+%t % @ F @ one Ne+#tie GC i) Not A!ic#;!e

one 2 #n* one Po)itie P(e))/(e GC #(e

t%o)e of $#!! one #n* one , (e)ectie!.


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Ste 5: C#!c/!#te >in* (e))/(e, /)in+ E .7-8 on

>in*>#(* #n* !ee>#(* f#ce) of #(#et, con)i*e(in+ t>o

!o#* c#)e) 3CASE A #n* CASE B4 #) )%o>n in 'i+/(e .7-8

Note: A) >in* *i(ection c%#n+e), e#c% #(#et >it% )%ift

f(om # >in*>#(* #(#et to # !ee>#(* #(#et.

CASE A $in*>#(* P#(#et E"te(io( '#ce $#!! St/*)

33GC4 3GCi44 3E .7-84

$it% Po)itie Inte(n#! P(e))/(e

one one

P 3.6 )f433.74-3.8944 22.6 )f

$it% Ne+#tie Inte(n#! P(e))/(e

one one

3.6 )f433.74-3-.8944 .8 )f


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A! to T(i;/t#( A(e#, not Effectie $in* A(e#

.8 )f38.@4 .82 !f

Inte(io( '#ce 3(oof )i*e4 P#(#et St/*)

33GC4 3GCi44 3E .7-84

$it% Po)itie Inte(n#! P(e))/(e one 2 3one #!)o t(e#te* #) one 24

3.6 )f433-8.94-3.8944 -6.67 )f


one 2 3one #!)o t(e#te* #) one 24

3.6 )f433-8.94-3-.8944 -.6 )f


-6.67 )f38.@4 -9.52 !f


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CASE B Lee>#(* P#(#et

Inte(io( '#ce P#(#et St/*) 3!o#* to>#(* #(#et4

33GC4 3GCi44 3E .7-84


S/;)tit/te one #n* one (e))/(e) fo( (oofone 2 #n* one (e))/(e), (e)ectie!. one

one

P 3.6 )f433.74-3.8944 22.6 )f


one one

3.6 )f433.74-3-.8944 .8 )f


.8 )f38.@4 .82 !f


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E"te(io( '#ce $#!! St/*) 3!o#* #># f(om #(#et4

33GC4 3GCi44 3E .7-84


one (e))/(e

3.6 )f433-8.4-3.8944 -6.85 )f one (e))/(e

3.6 )f433-8.264-3.8944 -.8 )f


one (e))/(e

3.6 )f433-8.4-3-.8944 -2.8 )f

one (e))/(e

3.6 )f433-8.264-3-.8944 -.8 )f


Wind Webinar #3

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one

-6.85 )f38.@4 -9.88 !f

one

-.8 )f38.@4 -9.58 !f S/mm#(

E"te(io( $#!! St/*) e"ten*e* #)t (oof into #(#et:

one : .82 !f 3to>#(* ;/i!*in+4

one : -9.88 !f 3#># f(om ;/i!*in+4

one i) #nt%in+ >it%in 8ft of t%e co(ne(

one : .82 !f 3to>#(* ;/i!*in+4

one : -9.58 !f 3#># f(om ;/i!*in+4


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Inte(io( 3(oof )i*e4 P#(#et St/*)

one : .8 !f 3to>#(* #(#et4

one : -9.52 !f 3#># f(om #(#et4

one i) #nt%in+ >it%in 8ft of t%e co(ne(

one : .8 !f 3to>#(* #(#et4 one : -9.72 !f 3#># f(om #(#et4


Wind Webinar #3

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5 Roofto E/iment fo( B/i!*in+) 31$'RS4

3Section 27..84

Office B/i!*in+ )#me #) (eio/)

P!#n Dimen)ion): 8@ >i*e " 2@ !on+

RTU Hei+%t: @ oe( 8@ t#!! c/(;

P(oecte* Hei+%t: @8@@

L#te(#! 'o(ce: '% %3GC(4Af3L;4 3E 27.-24


103/126


104/126

Pe(en*ic/!#( to !on+ )i*e

'% 327.7 )f438.743 ft24 29 L;) 3E 27.-24

P#(#!!e! to !on+ )i*e

Ho(i?ont#! >in* fo(ce) #!ie* to +eomet(ic cente( of

e(tic#! (oecte* !#ne of /nit


105/126


106/126

5 Roofto E/iment fo( B/i!*in+) 3C0C4

3Section .884 Lo#*) fo( De)i+nin+ t%e E/iment c#;inet enc!o)/(e o( t%e

>#!! comonent) fo( # ent%o/)e

L#te(#! C 0 C (e))/(e)

'% 695 L;) 3f(om (eio/)4

C 0 C L#te(#! Lo#*): '%=Af 695 L;)=8 ft2 6.95 )f

Lo#* i) #!ie* to>#(* o( #># f(om /nit on #!! )i*e)

C 0 C


107/126

Pe()on#! Recommen*#tion 3Not in t%e St#n*#(*4

If t%e /nit i) !#(+e 3oe( 2 ft24, con)i*e( # minim/m

*o>n>#(* >in* !o#*.

C 0 C Lo#*in+ f(om 'i+/(e .-2A

GC .2 3*o>n>#(* comonent4 ' %GC 327.7)f43.24 6 )f

'o( %i+%e( >in* !o#*) #n* !o> )no> !o#*),

#(tic/!#(! !e)) t%#n 8 )f, t%i) m# (o*/ce #

cont(o!!in+ !o#* com;in#tion

E4ample-Rooftop Equip" 'C & C+

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5 Roof Oe(%#n+ 31$'RS4 3Section 27.54

E/iment B/i!*in+ L 6 ft., B ft.

E#e Hei+%t: 8 ft.

Oe(%#n+ $i*t%: ft.

Roof S!oe: .5:82 3 24

Ri*+e #(#!!e! to 6@ )i*e

E"o)/(e C#te+o(: C

Ae(#+e B/i!*in+ Hei+%t: % 8.29@ Q 8@ Section 27.5 (efe(ence) Section 25.. fo(

*i(ection#! (oce*/(e fo( 1$'RS Roof Oe(%#n+

!o#* *ete(min#tion.

E4ample-Roof Oerhang '(W)RS+

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U)e C .9 in E 25.-8 fo( *ete(minin+ (oof #n* >#!!

!o#*) oe( #n* #*#cent to (oof oe(%#n+

GC-i3GCi4 3)f4 3E 25.-84

G .9 3(i+i* )t(/ct/(e4 3Section 26.74

&?t 8. 3fo( com!e"4 &* .9 3B/i!*in+ 1$'RS43T#;!e 26.6-84

< 88 m% 3fo( com!e"4

&? ? 8@ fo( )offit, &? .9 3T#;!e 25.-84

? .26&?&?t&*it% S#me Inte(n#!

P(e))/(e Con*ition)

Note: )i+n) in*ic#te (e))/(e to>#(* o( #>#

f(om )/(f#ce

C%#n+e )i+n) )o 34 i) /, +!o;#!! C%#n+e )i+n) )o 3-4 i) *o>n, +!o;#!!


Wind Webinar #3

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Po)itie Inte(n#! P(e))/(e

o% 82.2 )f - .2 )f 88.77 )f

o% 82.2 )f 8.6 )f 22.95 )f

oe(#!! o% i) />#(*

Ne+#tie Inte(n#! P(e))/(e o% 28. )f 9.6 )f 82.9 )f

o% 28. )f 8.9 )f 22.95 )f

oe(#!! o% i) />#(*

Note: Net effect of inte(n#! (e))/(e) i) ?e(o )o

t%#t t%e tot#! /!ift on t%e oe(%#n+ i) t%e )#me.


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Oe(#!! (e))/(e on t%e Lee>#(* Oe(%#n+ i)

c#!c/!#te* t%e )#me >#, ;/t /)e) t%e ne+#tie

(e))/(e on t%e >#!! imme*i#te! #*#cent to

t%e oe(%#n+ fo( *o>n>#(* (e))/(e) on )offit.

B in)ection, tot#! fo(ce on >in*>#(*

oe(%#n+ >i!! cont(o!.


Wind Webinar #3

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E4ample-Roof Oerhang

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5 Roof Oe(%#n+ 3C 0 C4 3Section .84

E/iment B/i!*in+

Un!e)) ot%e(>i)e !i)te*, #(#mete() #(e

i*entic#! to t%o)e fo( t%e 1$'RS c#!c/!#tion) Dete(mine C 0 C !o#*) fo( oe(%#n+) of (oof

t(/))e), )#ce* #t 2@-J o.c.

%3GC4 3GCi4 )f 3E .8-84

&*

.9 3B/i!*in+ C0C4 3T#;!e 26.6-84

A!! ot%e( #(#mete() fo( % #(e )#me #) fo(

1'$RS

E4ample-Roof Oerhang 'C & C+

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% .263.9438.43.9438842 2.6 )f

Ente( 'i+/(e .-2B fo( Roof Oe(%#n+ C 0 C coefficient)

Dete(mine Effectie $in* A(e# of St/*)

G(e#te( of T(i;/t#( A(e# o( Effectie $i*t%

Effectie $in* A(e# Definition 3Section 26.24 G(e#te( of 2.@ o( 3+oe(n)4

Len+t%= @= 8.@

Effectie $in* A(e#: @"2@ 6. ft2

If Effectie $in* A(e# F 5 ft2, /)e 1'$RS !o#*)

Dete(mine M#J *i)t#nce 3'i+/(e .-8 #n* .-2A4

Le))e( of 8 of B .83@4 @ #n* .%

.38.29@4 .8@

@ +oe(n)


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Not !e)) t%#n t%e +(e#te( of of B .3@4 8.2@

o( @ 3@ cont(o!)4

# @ 3e/#! to >i*t% of oe(%#n+ t%e(efo(e, one 8

(e))/(e) #(e not #!ic#;!e to #n #(t of t%e

oe(%#n+4

one 2: GC -2.2

32.6 )f43-2.24 3.894 -9.28 )f

>it% o)itie inte(n#! ;/i!*in+ (e))/(e

32.6 )f43-2.24 3-.894 -7.8 )f

>it% ne+#tie inte(n#! ;/i!*in+ (e))/(e

one : GC -.5

32.6 )f43-.54 3.894 -7.7 )f

>it% o)itie inte(n#! ;/i!*in+ (e))/(e


Wind Webinar #3

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32.6 )f43-.54 3-.894 -96.8 )f

>it% ne+#tie inte(n#! ;/i!*in+ (e))/(e

'o( t%e oe(%#n+ o(tion of t%e t(/)):

T(i;/t#( $i*t% 2@

U>#(* fo(ce on t%e enti(e t(/)) en* i): one 2: 3-9.28 )f432@4 -886.2 !f

3/>#(*4

one : 3-7.7 )f432@4 -897.7 !f

3/>#(*4

T%e)e #(e NOT t%e !o#*) on t%e )offit m#te(i#! .


Wind Webinar #3

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Section .8 )t#te) t%#t t%e e"te(n#! coefficient fo( t%e

coe(in+ on t%e /n*e()i*e of t%e (oof oe(%#n+ 3)offit4 i) t%e

)#me #) t%e e"te(n#! (e))/(e coefficient on t%e #*#cent

>#!! )/(f#ce, *ete(mine* f(om 'i+/(e .-8 o( 'i+/(e .6-

8, #) #!ic#;!e.

U)e of t%e GC >it% ne+#tie inte(n#! (e))/(e ie!*) t%e

+(e#te)t />#(* !o#* on t%e m#te(i#! on t%e /n*e()i*e of

t%e oe(%#n+ on t%e >in*>#(* >#!!.

U)e of t%e GC >it% o)itie inte(n#! (e))/(e ie!*) t%e

+(e#te)t *o>n>#(* !o#* on t%e m#te(i#! on t%e

/n*e()i*e of t%e oe(%#n+ on t%e !ee>#(* >#!!. 'o( t%i) ;/i!*in+, #))/min+ effectie >in* #(e# i) t%e

)#me #) fo( t%e t(/)) oe(%#n+:


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$in*>#(* $#!! Soffit 1#te(i#! 3'i+/(e .-84

one #n* one : GC 8.

32.6 )f438.4 3-.894 29.96 )f

#ctin+ />#(*

Lee>#(* $#!! Soffit 1#te(i#! 3'i+/(e .-84 one : GC -8.8

32.6 )f43-8.84 3.894 -8.8 )f

3#ctin+ *o>n>#(*4

one : GC -8.

32.6 )f43-8.4 3.894 -9.6 )f3#ctin+ *o>n>#(*4


Wind Webinar #3

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5 C%emic#! Si!o 3Ot%e( St(/ct/(e 1$'RS4

3Section 27.4

Si!o Dimen)ion): % 2@, D .@

$e!*e* Stee! T#n: )moot% )i*e), no !#**e( Roof S!oe: 8:82 3conic#!4

1#"im/m (i)e: 2. inc%e) 3con)i*e(

cont(i;/tion to >in* !o#*, ne+!i+i;!e4

Un!e)) ot%e(>i)e !i)te*, #(#mete() fo(

c#!c/!#tion of ? #(e i*entic#! to t%o)e fo( t%e1$'RS c#!c/!#tion) fo( e/iment ;/i!*in+.

' ?GCfAfL;) 3E 27.-84

E4ample- Chemical S=LO '(W)RS+

Wind Webinar #3

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123/126

? .26&?&?t&*

%=D 2@=@ .

1/)t inte(o!#te ;et>een %=D8. #n* %=D 5.

Cf .5

' 329.7 )f43.943.54 Af 389. )f4Af ' 389. )f4AfQ 386)f4Af


Wind Webinar #3

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Af @"2@ 8 ft2

' 389. )f438 ft24 89 L;)

T%i) i) con)e(#tie, OR c#!c/!#te ' fo( inc(e#)e in

(e))/(e #) %ei+%t inc(e#)e)

8

.263.9438.43.74882 25. )f

38-24 .23.7438.43.74 38842 29.7 )f

'o( -8@: D=V ? @=S(t325.)f4 .76 Q 2.

Cf .5

'-8 325. )f43.943.54Af 85. )f AfF 86 )f Af '-8 385. )f43@438@4 85 L;).

'8-2 389. )f43@43@4 68 L;).

Tot#! ' on Si!o: 85 L;) 68 L;) 8569 L;)


Wind Webinar #3

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Con)e(#tie OT1: 389 L;)438@4 89, ft-!;)

1o(e Det#i!e* OT1: 385 L;)438@=24368

L;)438@@=24 85,95 ft-!;)

T%e t#!!e( t%e )t(/ct/(e i), t%e mo(e imo(t#nt it i) to

/)e t%e )tee* >in* fo(ce #(o#c%.


Wind Webinar #3

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uestions

asce wind load examples.pdf

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