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Ash Road Leopold Development PlanTraffic & Transport AssessmentJob Number: CG111176Prepared for Paisley Manor Pty Ltd1 October 2014

Cardno Victoria Pty Ltd i1 October 2014

/tt/file_convert/5afb8e197f8b9a5f5890f9e0/document.docx Prepared for Paisley, Manor, Pty, Ltd

Ash Road Leopold Development PlanTraffic & Transport Assessment

Cardno Victoria Pty Ltd

ABN 47 106 610 913

150 Oxford Street, Collingwood

Victoria 3066 Australia

Telephone: 03 8415 7777

Facsimile: 03 8415 7788

International: +61 3 8415 7777

[email protected]

www.cardno.com.au

Document ControlVersion Date Author ReviewerF02 1 October 2014 Tim McKinley Andrew Carr

"© 2010 Cardno Victoria Pty Ltd All Rights Reserved. Copyright in the whole and every part of this document belongs to Cardno Victoria Pty Ltd and may not be used, sold, transferred, copied or reproduced in whole or in part in any manner or form or in or on any media to any person without the prior written consent of Cardno Victoria Pty Ltd.”

http://www.cardnogroganrichards.com.au/

Cardno Victoria Pty Ltd iii1 October 2014



Table of Contents1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................. 52 Background and Existing Conditions........................................................................................6

2.1 Location and Land Use..........................................................................................................62.2 Planning Zones...................................................................................................................... 82.3 Road Network........................................................................................................................ 92.4 Public Transport Networks...................................................................................................132.5 Traffic Volumes – Pre Development....................................................................................142.6 Relevant Studies.................................................................................................................. 14

3 Proposed Development.............................................................................................................153.1 General................................................................................................................................ 153.2 Road Network......................................................................................................................15

4 Traffic Considerations...............................................................................................................174.1 Traffic Generation and Distribution......................................................................................174.2 Traffic Impact.......................................................................................................................19

4.2.1 Melaluka Road.............................................................................................................194.2.2 Ash Road..................................................................................................................... 194.2.3 Bellarine Highway/ Ash Road Intersection Performance..............................................19

5 Road Network Considerations..................................................................................................215.1 External................................................................................................................................ 21

5.1.1 Ash Road/ Bellarine Highway Signals..........................................................................215.1.2 Ash Road – Northern area...........................................................................................215.1.3 Ash Road – Site Frontage............................................................................................215.1.4 Ash Road connection cross sections and intersection treatments...............................215.1.5 Bicycle and Pedestrian Connectivity............................................................................21

5.2 Internal................................................................................................................................. 226 Summary and Conclusions.......................................................................................................23

List of FiguresFigure 1: Site Location...................................................................................................................... 6Figure 2: Leopold Structure Plan Areas............................................................................................7Figure 3: Planning Scheme Zones...................................................................................................8Figure 4: Bellarine Highway/ Ash Road intersection.........................................................................9Figure 5: Ash Road, northern section, looking south........................................................................9Figure 6: Ash Road, middle section looking north, with kerb and channel on one side only...........10Figure 7: Ash Road, southern section looking north.......................................................................10Figure 8: Melaluka Road, looking south, at Estuary Estate............................................................11Figure 9: Walkers Road, facing west from Ash Road.....................................................................12Figure 10: Existing Leopold Bus Route Locations............................................................................13Figure 11: Subdivision Layout and Road Hierarchy..........................................................................16Figure 12: Future traffic volumes......................................................................................................18

Cardno Victoria Pty Ltd iv1 October 2014



AnnexesAnnex 1: Road Cross SectionsAnnex 2: Slow Point TreatmentsAnnex 3: Cost Estimates

Cardno Victoria Pty Ltd 51 October 2014



1 IntroductionCardno was retained by Paisley Manor Pty Ltd to undertake a traffic and transport assessment of the proposed rezoning of a portion of land currently zoned “Farming Zone” to “Residential 1 Zone”, west of Ash Road, Leopold.

In the course of preparing this assessment, the subject site and its environs have been inspected, plans of the development examined, and all relevant traffic data collected and analysed.




2 Background and Existing Conditions2.1 Location and Land UseThe subject site is a parcel of land with a frontage of 640m located along the western side of Ash Road in Leopold, approximately 900m south of Bellarine Highway. As shown in Figure 1, the site is rectangular in shape and the area generally bounded by residential lots off Hazelwood Crescent to the north, low density rural living allotments to the south, Meleluka Road “Estuary Estate” development to the west and farming land to the east. The subject site has a total area of approximately 25.5 hectares with frontages to Ash Road, which is generally flat at this location.

Figure 1: Site Location

Copyright © Melway Publishing Pty Ltd

SUBJECT SITE




The 2006 Leopold Structure Plan identifies the site as an area for long term residential growth, with adjacent land to the east also identified as a longer term residential growth area.

The Leopold Structure Plan was adopted by the City of Greater Geelong in March 2006. Within the Structure Plan, the subject site is identified as a long term residential growth area capable of accommodating in the order of 580 to 870 lots, with land to the east identified for long term residential development. The Structure Plan also identifies a local link between Ash Road and Melaluka Road through the subject site and land to the east.

The location of the site within the Leopold Structure Plan area is shown in Figure 2.

Figure 2: Leopold Structure Plan Areas




2.2 Planning ZonesFigure 3 demonstrates that the subject site is located within the Farming Zone within the Greater Geelong Planning Scheme. The permitted uses are listed in 35.07 of the Greater Geelong Planning Scheme. It is proposed to rezone this area into Residential 1.

Figure 3: Planning Scheme Zones

SUBJECT SITE




2.3 Road Network

Ash Road extends south from Bellarine Highway, to Como Road, with its intersection with Bellarine Highway controlled by traffic signals. The right turn from Bellarine Highway to Ash Road is fully controlled. The intersection layout is shown in Figure 4.

Figure 4: Bellarine Highway/ Ash Road intersection

North of Hazelwood Crescent, Ash Road is constructed with a single traffic lane in each direction, with a kerbside parallel parking lane on the western side of the road, clear of the traffic lanes, within a road reserve of 20m (Figure 6). North of The Court, the kerbside parallel parking lane extends on both sides of the road (Figure 5). The speed limit in this section of the road is 60 km/h with a localised speed reduction to 40km/h in the vicinity of the strip shopping area.

Figure 5: Ash Road, northern section, looking south




Figure 6: Ash Road, middle section looking north, with kerb and channel on one side only

South of Hazelwood Crescent, Ash Road is similar to the southern section of Melaluka Road with a single central lane of approximately 3.5-4 metres flanked by wide gravel shoulders as shown in Figure 7. The road reserve in this section is approximately 20 metres and the speed limit 70km/h. Vehicles travelling on this section of road are required to slow and use the gravel shoulders to pass.

Figure 7: Ash Road, southern section looking north




Bellarine Highway through Leopold provides two through lanes and a bicycle lane in each direction separated by a narrow median. Signalised intersections (with pedestrian facilities) are provided at Melaluka Road, Kensington Road and Ash Road, with further signals currently being constructed at Christies Road. The prevailing speed limit is 70km/h.

Melaluka Road extends south from Geelong-Portarlington Road, across Bellarine Highway, to end approximately 800 metres to the south of Fitzgerald Road. Traffic signals have been installed at the intersection of Melaluka Road with Bellarine Highway as part of the Gateway Shopping Centre development.

Melaluka Road has generally been constructed within a rural cross section. South of Bellarine Highway Melaluka Road has a sealed pavement of approximately 8-9 metres in width with grassed verges on both sides and accommodates a single traffic lane in each direction. Kerbs are present at various cross roads on the eastern side of Melaluka Road that appear to have been constructed in conjunction with the 2.0m wide shared path that connects Estuary Estate to Gateway Plaza Shopping Centre

At Estuary Estate, the through traffic lanes are supplemented on the eastern side of the road with kerb and channel, as well as the shared path. The western side continues to have unsealed shoulders. The cross section is shown in Figure 8.

South of the Estuary Estate, the sealed component of Melaluka Road reduces to a single central lane of approximately 3.5-4 metres flanked by wide gravel shoulders. Vehicles travelling on this section of road are required to slow and use the gravel shoulders to pass.

Figure 8: Melaluka Road, looking south, at Estuary Estate




Walkers Road is currently an unsealed road providing access to two rural properties off Ash Road. The carriageway is approximately 3m wide as part of a 15m road reserve as shown in Figure 9. It is anticipated that the proposed Ash Road – Melaluka Road connector road will connect from Estuary Estate and onto the general alignment of Walkers Road.

Figure 9: Walkers Road, facing west from Ash Road




2.4 Public Transport NetworksThe site has public transport accessibility, with bus services located within 250m of the north-west of the site in the main Drysdale Shopping Strip on Geelong-Portarlington Road. Services run via Drysdale between Geelong and St. Leonards, St. Leonards and Queenscliff, while a loop service runs between Drysdale and Clifton Springs.

Public transport services in Leopold are limited to Bellarine Transit services bus routes, which generally operate along Bellarine Highway and Geelong-Portarlington Road, with some services extending into residential streets.

Route 77 operates between Geelong Station and Leopold and passes closest to the site, along Allambie Street approximately 600 metres from the north-east. Eleven (11) services operate between 6:00am and 8:00pm weekdays, with services approximately every hour between 9:30am and 4:30pm. No services operate on weekends or Public Holidays.

Other routes that connect Geelong to Queenscliff and Ocean Grove pass through Leopold along Bellarine Highway, with the closest stop to the site at the corner of Melaluka Road and Bellarine Highway. There are approximately 10 such services each way on weekdays, 4 on weekends and 2 services on public holidays.

Figure 10: Existing Leopold Bus Route Locations

Site

Bus Route

Bellarine Highway (W

)

Bellarine Highway (E)

4040

900502

Ash Road

5252

9166

2456

3831072

North

AM PeakPM Peak




2.5 Traffic Volumes – Pre DevelopmentCardno sourced VicRoads SCATS data from the intersection of the Bellarine Highway and Ash Road for both the January holiday period and a normal week in March 2011. Peak intersection volumes are shown below

Council supplied 2002 traffic counts of Ash Road, south of Allambie Street, recorded an average daily traffic volume of 1,651 vehicle movements.

2.6 Relevant StudiesA Traffic Impact Assessment was prepared by Cardno Grogan Richards (5 May 2010) which described the external traffic items required to facilitate the development of the subject land at Estuary Estate.




3 Proposed Development3.1 GeneralBased on the plans prepared by St Quentins Consulting (Version 9, Dated 13/9/2012), it is proposed to redevelop the site for the purposes of a residential subdivision over 25.5 hectares, or approximately 320 lots as well as two reserves and two water basins.

A preliminary outline development plan has been prepared for the subject site as shown in Figure11. The development is to include the construction of Ash Road along the frontage of the site to a similar standard as what exists north of Hazelwood Crescent.

3.2 Road NetworkPreliminary drawings of the subdivision show that most properties will be accessed from the internal road network proposed with approximately 30 accessed directly from Ash Road. Three vehicular access points will be provided to the proposed subdivision, with a central access at the Walkers Road extension, with a further access point to the north and to the south. All access points will form T-intersections with Ash Road, with “Give Way” signage and linemarking installed.

The road network for the subdivision comprises of Access Streets and a Connector Road. It is recommended that the internal access street network for the residential subdivision be designed in accordance with Clause 56 of the Greater Geelong Planning Scheme, while the connector road be designed to match in with the 22m cross section of the continuation of this road to the west. There is scope to provide additional access streets internally to the subdivision. It is recommended that any additional access streets are offset at least 30m from other intersections, and do not provide an access to Ash Road.

The site provides a number of connections for pedestrians and cyclists, additional to the road connections. The Walkers Road extension will be designed for the provision of a future bus route, with off-road share paths for a good level of cyclist and pedestrian connectivity.

The internal road hierarchy proposed road cross sections are shown in Table 1. Detailed road cross sections are provided in Annex 1.

Table 1: Internal Road Network Street TypesStreet Type Reservation

WidthCarriageway Width

Parking Provision

Bicycle Provision

Connector 22.0 m 7.0 m Indented both sides

2.5m wide shared path both sides

Access Street 16.0 m 7.2 m On-street Shared carriageway




Figure 11: Subdivision Layout and Road Hierarchy

Access Street – Level 2

Connector Street – Level 1

Additional footpath




4 Traffic Considerations

4.1 Traffic Generation and DistributionGuidance on traffic generation characteristics of residential developments is set out within the Victorian Code for Residential Developments, April 1992, which suggests in Table E9.1 that for:

“single dwelling lots apply traffic generation rates of 10 vehicles per day per lot, equivalent to approximately 1 vehicle per hour in the peak hour, unless a lower rate can be demonstrated. Lower rates can be applied to multi unit dwellings based on locally derived rates.”

To provide a robust assessment of the traffic impacts of the proposed rezoning and subdivision, the full 10 vehicles per lot has been adopted for all dwellings for the purposes of this report.

It is generally accepted that for residential developments approximately 80% of trips are outbound and 20% inbound in the AM peak. Conversely in the PM peak, 60% are inbound and 40% are outbound.

Based on the foregoing, it is projected that the proposed development will produce 3,200 movements per day, inclusive of 320 movements in the morning and evening peak hours.

Further to this trip generation, 1530 vehicles per day from Estuary Estate are expected to use the Melaluka-Ash Road Connection and thus Ash Road. This has previously been adopted at a Panel Hearing for Amendment C139 to the Greater Geelong Planning Scheme.

In consideration of the existing road network and in particular the locations of local schools, the Leopold and Geelong Townships and access to arterial roads, it is expected that traffic generated by the site will mainly utilise:

Ash Road (or Melaluka Road) and Bellarine Highway to access the Leopold Township and Geelong; and

Ash Road and Bellarine Highway to access all other areas of the Bellarine Peninsula;

The distribution of vehicle movements is based on the location of surrounding employment centres, local and major shopping destinations, recreational destinations and schools and other education centres.

Only a small percentage of the work related trips will be to destinations within the Leopold Township, with the majority to Geelong and the remainder to the Bellarine Peninsula / Barwon Heads / Ocean Grove. With the exception of Ash Road Shopping Centre, likely traffic destinations within Leopold, such as the schools and shops, typically front or are north of Bellarine Highway.

The majority of local and supermarket shopping trips will be to the Gateway Shopping Centre on the corner of Melaluka Road and Bellarine Highway. Other shopping trips will be made to the Ash Road Centre which includes a convenience supermarket, newsagents, bakery and a fish and chip shop. Other shopping trips for household goods, clothing etc will primarily be to Geelong.

Recreational trips will likely be biased to Geelong. The majority of educational trips will be generated to and from Leopold or Geelong, with some trips also likely to Ocean Grove / Barwon Heads.

From the above, the following distribution of residential traffic to the surrounding area has been adopted.

Internal 3% Geelong 55% Leopold 24% Bellarine Peninsula/ Ocean Grove / Barwon Heads 18%

Bellarine H

ighway (W

)

Bellarine H

ighway (E)66

114

900502

Ash Road

96100

315178

78222

3831072

North

AM PeakPM Peak




Future traffic volumes for the Bellarine Highway are shown below in Figure 12 (note that no growth factor has been assigned to Bellarine Highway, nor has any development to the east of Ash Road been considered).

Figure 12: Future traffic volumes




4.2 Traffic Impact

4.2.1 Melaluka Road Approximately 1530 vehicles per day will travel west from the subject site to Melaluka Road. The impact of this traffic has already been considered as part of the previous traffic report for the neighbouring site.

4.2.2 Ash Road The current volume of Ash Road, south of Allambie Street is approximately 1,650 vehicles per day. The traffic volumes are projected to be in the order of 5,200 post development of the subject site and Estuary Estate. Should full residential development occur on the eastern side of Ash Road, then these volumes would be in the order of 9,200. A single lane in each direction along Ash Road will continue to be adequate for Ash Road traffic.

Melaluka Road and Ash Roads are the primary north south links between the subject site and the adjacent residential growth areas as contemplated within the Leopold Structure Plan and therefore the future traffic volumes expected on these roads is not unreasonable.

4.2.3 Bellarine Highway/ Ash Road Intersection Performance To determine the impact of the additional traffic generated by this proposal on the road network, SIDRA analyses have been undertaken for the Bellarine Highway/ Ash Road intersection. It is noted that there is an offset northern leg of the intersection at Simons Road, which adds complexity to the intersection modelling. However, due to the signal phasing and low traffic volumes, this has little impact on the Sidra analysis of the intersection (as the right turning movements run from Ash Road and Simons Road at the same time). This leg has therefore been deleted from the model.

This computer package, originally developed by the Australian Road Research Board, provides information about the capacity of an intersection in terms of a range of parameters, as described below:

Degree of Saturation (D.O.S.) is the ratio of the volume of traffic observed making a particular movement compared to the maximum capacity for that movement. Various values of degree of saturation and their rating are shown in Table 2:

Table 2: Rating of Degrees of SaturationD.O.S. RatingUp to 0.6 Excellent

0.6 to 0.7 Very Good

0.7 to 0.8 Good

0.8 to 0.9 Fair

0.9 to 1.0 Poor

Above 1.0 Very Poor

It is considered acceptable for some critical movements in an intersection to operate in the range of 0.9 to 1.0 during the high peak periods, reflecting actual conditions in a significant proportion of suburban signalised intersections.

The 95th Percentile (95%ile) Queue represents the maximum queue length, in metres, that can be expected not to be exceeded during 95% of observed maximum queue lengths in the peak hour; and

Average Delay is the delay time, in seconds, which can be expected over all vehicles making a particular movement in the peak hour.

The results of the SIDRA Intersection analysis are summarised in Table 3.




Table 3: SIDRA Intersection Analysis SummaryApproach Degree of

Saturation95th%ile Queue Average Delay

AM

Pea

k Ash Road 0.49 106m (L) 42.0 sec

Bellarine Highway (East) 0.49 96m (T) 15.0 sec

Bellarine Highway (West) 0.49 32m (T) 22.3 sec

PM P

eak

Ash Road 0.33 48m (R) 38.4 sec

Bellarine Highway (East) 0.32 56m (T) 17.9 sec

Bellarine Highway (West) 0.66 162m (T)86m (R)

27.1 sec

A review of Table 3 indicates that all approaches to intersections will continue to operate under “very good” conditions during the AM and PM peak period. The queue lengths formed for the right turn from Bellarine Highway to Ash Road (west to south) exceed the length of the existing turn lane, and thus the right turn lane has been lengthened to 85m for the PM analysis.




5 Road Network ConsiderationsHaving regard to the expected traffic volumes and road functions, the following road works are recommended.

5.1 ExternalAs outlined in the previous section, the residential rezoning and subsequent development are expected to cause significant operational impact on the signalised intersection at Ash Road.

5.1.1 Ash Road/ Bellarine Highway SignalsRight turn lanes (west to south) need to be extended to meet VicRoads standards, inclusive of storage (approximately 70m) and deceleration lengths. It is expected that this would be funded in its entirety by the developer. A cost estimate of the extension to the right turn lane is shown in Annex 3.

Should development of the area east of Ash Road occur, significantly greater intersection volumes would occur and therefore additional turning lanes or an intersection remodel would be required. It is expected that this work would be undertaken by others.

5.1.2 Ash Road – Northern areaThe existing cross section is set with little opportunity to widen the carriageway in the area north of The Court. The proposed road network is consistent with the Leopold Structure Plan as outlined in Section 4.2.2.

5.1.3 Ash Road – Site FrontageAppropriate cross sections are required to the southernmost access point. Similar to Melaluka Road at Estuary Estate, and Ash Road to the north of Hazelwood Crescent (see Figure 6 and Figure 8), it is recommended that the through traffic lanes are supplemented on the developed side of the road with kerb and channel, as well as a footpath. A parking lane is also recommended on the western side of the carriageway. Consideration should be given to applying the 60km/h speed limit to Como Road.

A cross section of the site frontage is shown in Annex 1, with a cost estimate for the 640m (approx) of roadworks shown in Annex 3. It is noted that the drainage, parking and footpath works would be undertaken by the developer for the western side of the road only.

5.1.4 Ash Road connection cross sections and intersection treatmentsThe northern and southern Ash Road access should be designed to the standard of a Level 2 Access Street with a carriageway width of 7.2-7.5 metres. The Walkers Road access should be designed to the standard of a Level 2 Connector Street with a carriageway width of 7.0 metres.

Given the limited opposing traffic along Ash Road, and consistency with the rest of Ash Road and Maleluka Road, no right turning treatments into the site are considered to be warranted. Some minor shoulder sealing at the intersection of Ash Road/ Walkers Road may be appropriate.

5.1.5 Bicycle and Pedestrian ConnectivityThe Draft Leopold Structure Plan identifies opportunities to improve the walkability of Leopold that will be budgeted for. There is currently a break in footpath connectivity on Ash Road south of the Ash Road Shops. It is recommended that a footpath is installed along Ash Road at the site frontage to connect into the existing footpath at the Hazelwood Crescent intersection.

The Draft Leopold Structure Plan Cycling Strategy does not identify Ash Road as a key bicycle route. The parallel routes of Melaluka Road and Christies Road have been identified. An off-road




share path is proposed along the east-west road in order to connect the subject site to Melaluka Road and thus the community facilities located there.

5.2 InternalIt is recommended that the internal road network is designed in accordance with Clause 56.06 of the City of Greater Geelong Planning Scheme – Access and Mobility Management, with cross sections generally designed as Level 2 Access Streets, other than the Walkers Road connection which is designated as a Level 2 Connector Road.

The cross section for this road is identical to the cross section approved for the Estuary Estate section immediately to the west. The Walkers Road connector should be designed to the standard of a Level 2 Connector Road and provide for a future bus route and an off road share path.

Anticipated road cross sections, commensurate with the Greater Geelong Planning scheme and the neighbouring subdivision to the west, are shown in Annex 1.

Cross intersections have not been incorporated into the site, while adjacent t-intersections are spaced more than 20m apart. Treatments such as midblock slow points should be incorporated into the road design where applicable to ensure that vehicle speeds are maintained at appropriate levels on these roads. Indicative locations are shown in Annex 2.

No separate bicycle facilities are required within the development as traffic volumes on the street network will be relatively low and bicycles could be accommodated on street.




6 Summary and Conclusions

The proposal outlines a rezoning of the parcel of land to the west of Ash Road, Leopold and subsequent subdivision of the land to approximately 320 residential lots.

Based on the preceding analysis it is concluded that:

The site proposes a primary access from Ash Road with installation of a ‘Give-Way’ sign at the development access roads. Such an implementation will adequately manage traffic to and from the proposed subdivision.

The internal site layout is designed in accordance with the requirements of Clause 56 of the Greater Geelong Planning Scheme and the standards applied to the adjoining site.

The site provides for public transport, cyclist and pedestrian connectivity. The subject site will generate approximately 3,200 vehicle movements per day, with the

majority of residential traffic generated by the development will be to/from Geelong, with the remainder to Leopold and the Bellarine Peninsula.

It is expected that traffic volumes on Ash Road will increase by approximately 3,500 vehicle movements per day post development, inclusive of volumes from Estuary Estate.

Volumes on Ash Road, near Bellarine Highway, could ultimately be in the order of 9,200 vehicle movements per day, with slightly lower volumes expected on Melaluka Road. Such volumes can physically be accommodated by these roads. Additionally, these roads are identified within the Leopold Structure Plan as the primary access to the site and adjacent residential growth area and therefore such traffic volumes are not unreasonable.

The existing intersection at Bellarine Highway/ Ash Road has the capacity to absorb the additional traffic produced by this subdivision and with addition of traffic generated by the proposed development will continue to operate under the present “excellent” and “good” conditions during the critical PM peak hour, however additional turning lane lengths are required.

Annex 1:Road Cross Sections

Annex 2:Slow Point Treatments

Annex 3:Cost Estimates

Cardno Victoria Pty Ltd trading as Cardno Grogan Richards 301 October 2014



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