ASHRAEStandard189.1,“StandardfortheDesignofHighPerformanceGreen

BuildingsExceptLow-RiseResidentialBuildings”

DouglasFZentzAssociateProfessorHVACRProgramChairFerrisStateUniversity

Reminders

• Cellphones– pleasesilence

• Commercialism– ASHRAEobservance!

• Pleasefilloutthesurveys

• MyviewsandnotASHRAE’s

PresentationOverview

•Whyhaveit?

•Whatisit?

• Suggestions

TotalEnergyConsumption

BuildingsRepresent

• 17%offreshwaterconsumption• 25%ofwoodconsumption• 33%ofCO2 emissions• 30%ofwastegeneration• 55%ofnaturalgasuse• 72%ofelectricalenergyuse

BuildingEnergyUseGrowth

ProjectedWorldEnergySupply

IPCCData

Austria

England & Wales

Greece

Italy

RelationshiptoOtherPrograms• Europe– StandardEN15217Energyperformanceofbuildings—methodsforexpressingenergyperformanceandforenergycertificationofbuildings(2007)

– ExplicitefforttolearnfromEUexperience

Standard189.1

Standard189.1RelationshiptoOtherStandards

• ASHRAE

• BuiltontheLEEDFoundation

Whatisit?

• Standard189.1PublishedJanuary2009

• Updatedin2011&2014&2017

Sponsors• USGBCwithitsaffiliatedmembershipincluding6,000corporations,federalagencies,stateandlocalgovernment,etc

• IESastheauthorityonilluminationwithover100yearsofexperience,publicationandservice

• ASHRAEwithitsglobalresources,publications,continuingeducationthatcontinuetoservethepublic

• ICC–agreementtomergewithIGCC

Standard189.1Intent

• Whatitis;– Astandard– Appliestoallbuildingsexceptlow-riseresidential(sameasStandard90.1)

– Intendedforadoptionintomodelbuildingcodes• Whatisnot;– Notadesignguide– Notaratingsystem

• Note:evenifnotadoptedbylocalauthoritiesthisstandardservesasindicationoffuturetrends

Purpose• Thepurposeofthisstandardistoprovideminimumrequirementsforthesite,design,construction,andplansforoperation ofhighperformance,greenbuildingsto:– Balance environmentalresponsibility,resourceefficiency,occupantcomfortandwellbeingandcommunitysensitivity,and

– Supportthegoalofdevelopmentthatmeetstheneedofthepresentwithoutcompromising theabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds

Scope

• ProvidesMinimumCriteriathat:–Applyto:• Newbuildingsandtheirneeds• Newportionsofbuildingsandtheirsystems• Newsystemsandequipmentinexistingbuildings

–Addressessitesustainability,wateruseefficiency,IEQ,andthebuilding’simpactonatmosphere,materialsandresources

WhatitCovers

BasicStructure(foreachsection)

• X.1– Scope• X.2– Compliance• X.3– Mandatory– (requiredforallprojects)

• X.4– Prescriptive(option1)– Simpleoption,fewchoices,andveryfewcalculations

• X.5– Performance(option2)–Moresophisticated,flexible,butmoreeffort

Chapter5SustainableSites

• MandatoryProvisions– SiteHardscape(minimumsrequirements– someexceptions)

–Wallstobeshadedupto20feet(6meters)abovegrade

– Roofs(minimumrequirementsforsloping– someexceptions)

Chapter5SustainableSites

• Mandatoryprovisions– Reductionoflightpollution

• Totalsitelumenlimit

• MaxBUGlimit(Backlight,UplightandGlare)ratings

• ModificationstoStandard90.1exteriorlighting

Chapter6– WaterUse

• MandatoryProvisionsofsitewateruse– Bio-diverseplantings,hydro-zoningandsmartirrigationcontrol

Chapter6– WaterUse• Mandatoryprovisionsforbuildingwateruse– PlumbingfittingsandfixturesperU.S.EPAWaterSenseorASMEStandards

– AppliancesperU.S.EPAEnergyStar–Watermetering(must)• >1,000gal(3,785Liters)/day

Chapter6– WaterUse

• MandatoryprovisionsforHVACsystems– Subsystemmeteringabovethresholds

– Coolingtowerlimitationsondriftwaterlose

– Condensationcollectionforunits>19kW(65,000Btu/h)for≥72F(22C)meanwetbulb

Chapter6– WaterUse• Metering

Chapter7Energy

• Generalhighlights– Goalis30%betterthanASHRAE90.1-2016(includingprocessloads)

– AppendixGfromStandard90.1isincorporatedasNormativeAppendix

–Meteringforverification– Peakloadreduction– OtherareasareincreasedstringencybeyondStandard90.1

Chapter7Energy• MandatoryRequirementsforon-siterenewablepower– Provisionsforfutureinstallationwithminimumratingof6.0Btu/ft2 xroofareainft2 (singlestory)&10.0Btu/ft2 xroofareainft2 (multi-story)

– Exceptions(lowincidentsolarorpurchaseGreenPower)

Chapter7Energy• MandatoryRequirementsforMeters

– Remoteorautomaticreading(basedoncriteriaofsize,energysource&system)

–Meterscommunicatetocentralrecordingsystem

– Datastoragefor36months

Chapter7Energy

Chapter7Energy

• PrescriptivePath– Setofitemsclearlylaidout

–MustcomplywithALL

• PerformancePath–Mustproveperformance

Chapter7Energy

• PrescriptivePath– RenewableEnergy

• Onsitesystemsminimumequaltomandatorylevels

• Exceptions

– Lowincidentsolarregions

– PurchaseofGreenpowerintermsof7kWh/ft2-yr(ofconditionedspace)untilatotalof70kWh/ft2 isobtained

Chapter7Energy• PrescriptiveOptionforBuildingEnvelope– Section7.4.2generallyhasstringentrequirements– ReplacesTables5.5-1thru8inStandard90.1

Chapter7Energy• PrescriptiveOptionforBuildingEnvelope– FenestrationOverhangPF>0.5

– Orientationtominimizesolar• East/West<North/South

– PermanentprojectionsinClimateZones1- 5

Chapter7Energy• PrescriptiveOptionforBuildingEnvelope– SHGCmultipliers(differentthenStandard90.1)

Chapter7Energy

• PrescriptiveOptionforHVAC– DemandControlledVentilationrequirements

• SpaceCO2 sensing– oneevery10,000ft2 (1,000m2)

• Sensingaccurateto50ppm(plusorminus)forevery1,000ppm

• Determinedby;

– OutdoorAirreferencebenchmarking

– Designassumptionsforoccupants

Chapter7Energy• PrescriptiveOptionforHVAC– DuctSealinglevelAeverywhere

– ExpandedEconomizerUsage

– Newforrooftops

Chapter7Energy

• PrescriptiveOptionforHVAC– Zonecontrolsforlimitonreheat

• Reheated,re-cooledorremixednottoexceedDesignOAairflowrateor

– FanPowerLimits– 10%lessthanStd90.1

Chapter7Energy

• PrescriptiveOptionforHVAC– Expandedheatrecovery

– 60%energyrecoveryeffectiveness(enthalpy)

Chapter7Energy

• PrescriptiveOptionforPower

– Peakfactor/peakloadreduction

– Reducepeakcapacityofthebuildingthroughdemandlimitingorloadshiftingmeasures(10%)

Chapter7Energy

• PrescriptiveOptionforLighting– InteriorlightingtouseStandard90.1andapply“LightingPowerAllowance”

– Areafactorsavailableforcustomizedapproach

Chapter7Energy

• PrescriptiveOptionforLighting– Occupancysensorcontroltoreducepowertolessthan50%for:• Hotel/Motelhallways• Storageaisles• Librarystacks

– Egresslightingcontrol•

Chapter7Energy

• PerformanceBasedOption– DemonstrateequivalentperformanceinBothenergycostandCO2 equivalentcomparedtousingtheprescriptivepath

Chapter7Energy

• PerformanceBasedOption– CO2 EquivalentComparedtoBuildingDesignwithPrescriptivePath

– Uselocalutilityinformation

– Takesiteenergytogetsourceemissions

Chapter8- IEQ

• MandatoryitemsforIndoorEnvironmentalQuality– OutdoorAirflow– TobaccoSmokeControl– OutdoorAirMonitoring– FiltrationandAirCleaning

Chapter8- IEQ

• Section8.3.1.4– TobaccoSmokeControl– Nosmokinginside

– Nosmokingwith25feetofentrances,outdoorairintakesoroperablewindows

Chapter8- IEQ

• MandatoryRequirementonThermalComfort

– ComplywithStandard55

Chapter8- IEQ

• Mandatory- BuildingEntrancesmustemployaMatSystemtocontrolcontaminants(someexceptions)

– Scraperarea

– Absorptionsurface

– Finishedsurface

Chapter8- IEQ

• OtherMandatory– Daylightingbytoplightingforlargeopenofficeareas>20,000ft2 &ceiling>15ft&minimumlightingpowerof0.5watts/ft2

Chapter8- IEQ

• PrescriptiveOption– Sidedaylighting(8.4)• Officesandclassrooms• Effectiveaperture• Visiblereflectanceofinteriorsurfaces• Someexceptions

Chapter8- IEQ

• PrescriptiveOption– Officespaceshadingwithprojectionsorothertechniques

– LowEmittingMaterials• Adhesives&sealants• Paints&coatings• Floorcovering• Compositewoodandotherproducts

Chapter9– Building’sImpactonAtmosphere,Materials&Resources

• MandatoryKeystoASHRAE– ConstructionWaste• Maxof5%oftotalprojectmaterials• Minimum50%ofnon-hazardousmaterialstoberecycledorreused• Limitontotalwasteperfloorarea• Off-sitestorageandsortingisallowed

Chapter9– Building’sImpactonAtmosphere,Materials&Resources

• OtherMandatoryItems

– Storageandcollectionofrecyclablematerials

– Discardedfluorescentlampsandballasts

Chapter10– Construction&OperationPlans

• Section10.3.1.1– BuildingAcceptanceTesting– Activitiespriortopermitandpriortooccupancy

– Designaterepresentativetooversee

– Constructiondocumentsindicatewhodoeswhat

– Includesmechanicalsystems,lighting,renewableenergy,energyandwatermeteringdevices

Chapter10– Construction&OperationPlans

• Section10.3.1.2– BuildingProjectCommissioning– Fullcommissioningfor>5,000ft2

– IncludeHVAC,buildingenvelope,lighting,irrigation,plumbing,domesticwater,renewableenergy

– DesignReviewsat50%andFinal– Verifyinstallation,operationandtraining

Chapter10– Construction&OperationPlans

• Section10.3.1.3ErosionControl– DevelopandimplementanErosionandSedimentcontrolplanforallconstructionactivities

Chapter10– Construction&OperationPlans

• Section10.3.1.4– IAQConstructionManagement– DevelopandmanageanIAQConstructionManagementprogramplantoinclude:• Airconveyancematerialsshallnotbeusedduringconstruction• PermanentHVACnotusedduringconstruction,exceptforstart-uptesting• Flush-outorbaselineIAQmonitoring

Chapter10– Construction&OperationPlans

Chapter10– Construction&OperationPlans

• Section10.3.2.1.1– SiteSustainability– Includemaintenanceproceduresneededtomaintainhealthyvegetationgrowthforvegetationusedforshadingcompliance

Chapter10– Construction&OperationPlans

• WaterUseEfficiency– Initialmeasurementandverification(M&V)– Procedurestotrackuse– Assesswateruseefficiency,document

Chapter10– Construction&OperationPlans

• EnergyEfficiency– Initialmeasurementandverification(M&V)– Procedurestotrackandassessenergy• Hourlyloadprofile

• Monthlyaveragedailyload

• Monthlyandannualenergyuse

• Monthlyandannualpeakdemand

Chapter10– Construction&OperationPlans

• IndoorEnvironmentalQuality– Outdoorairflowmeasurement,schedulinganddocumentation

– Indoorairqualityassessment– Greencleaning

• MaintenancePlan–Mechanical,electricalperStandard180– Documentation

Chapter10– Construction&OperationPlans

• BuildingServiceLifePlan

MyThoughts

• Suggestions

• UsingStandard189toyouradvantage

• ThinkingaboutthePyramid

Mysuggestions

• GetTeam“Buy-in”and“OwnerSupport”

• Earlydecisionsinfluenceeveryone

• LookatBuildingOrientation,BuildingExteriorFeatures,andBuildingSiterequirements

• CreatetheRoadmapfortheBuildingOwnerCreatetheBOP(BuildingOperationalPlan)

UsingStandard189

• Useallofthetools(criteria)toanalyzethe“BestHVACSystem”forthebuilding– Sitedevelopment–Watermanagement– EnergyManagement– IndoorEnvironmentalQuality– SustainablePractices– AndTrueLifeCycleCost(useinputfromowner)

UpsideDownPyramid

ASHRAEStandard189.1

ThankYou

DouglasFZentzAssociateProfessor/HVACRProgramChair

FerrisStateUniversityzentzd@ferris.edu