ashrae standard 62 – what now?

Alec Carnes PE, LEED APAlec Carnes PE, LEED AP

© Heapy Engineering LLC All Rights Reserved

IAQ Design Overview

ASHRAE Standard 62 – What Now?

Program / Learning ObjectivesProgram / Learning Objectives

!! Importance of Building IAQImportance of Building IAQ!! ASHRAE 62.1ASHRAE 62.1--2007 Overview2007 Overview!! Ventilation EffectivenessVentilation Effectiveness!! Variations in Occupancy or AirflowVariations in Occupancy or Airflow!! Relationship to USGBC LEEDRelationship to USGBC LEED--NC v 2.2NC v 2.2

Why is IAQ Important?

!! Not Just Code ComplianceNot Just Code Compliance!! Medical Liability Concerns Medical Liability Concerns !! Employee Health ConcernsEmployee Health Concerns!! Cost of Poor IAQCost of Poor IAQ

Medical Liability Concerns:Medical Liability Concerns:!! ADA requirements of ADA requirements of biobio--chemically chemically

handicappedhandicapped –– describes people with describes people with multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS)multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS)

!! Poor IAQ (a.k.a Sick Building Syndrome Poor IAQ (a.k.a Sick Building Syndrome ––SBS) is the leading cause of MCS SBS) is the leading cause of MCS according to the World Health according to the World Health OrganizationOrganization

Indoor Air Quality

Medical Liability Concerns:!! EPA stated that the health risks EPA stated that the health risks

associated with breathing associated with breathing indoorindoor air are air are 2 to 5 times the risk of breathing 2 to 5 times the risk of breathing outdooroutdoorair.air.

!! EPA has poor IAQ cited as the 4EPA has poor IAQ cited as the 4thth

highest cancer risk (3500 to 6000 annual highest cancer risk (3500 to 6000 annual deaths)deaths)

Indoor Air Quality

Medical Liability Concerns:!! World Health Organization estimates that World Health Organization estimates that

30% of all buildings suffer from Sick 30% of all buildings suffer from Sick Building Syndrome.Building Syndrome.

!! Improved IAQ in buildings aids in Improved IAQ in buildings aids in protecting Owners, Developers, and protecting Owners, Developers, and Professional Consultants.Professional Consultants.

Indoor Air Quality

IAQ and the Building Code:!! IMC/OMC Chapter 4 IMC/OMC Chapter 4 –– VentilationVentilation

!! Based on ASHRAE 62Based on ASHRAE 62--19991999!! Prescriptive Requirements for Prescriptive Requirements for

VentilationVentilation!! Permits Permits ““Engineered SystemsEngineered Systems””

based on ASHRAE 62.1based on ASHRAE 62.1--2004 or 2004 or most recent versionmost recent version

Indoor Air Quality

ASHRAE 62.1-2007 Basics:!! Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air

Quality StandardQuality Standard!! Industry Standard of Care for IAQ Industry Standard of Care for IAQ

Systems Design and EvaluationSystems Design and Evaluation!! Prerequisite for the LEED Prerequisite for the LEED –– NC v2.2 NC v2.2

Building Rating System (EQp1: Minimum Building Rating System (EQp1: Minimum IAQ Performance)IAQ Performance)

Indoor Air Quality

ASHRAE 62.1-2007 Basics:!! Options for ComplianceOptions for Compliance!! Outdoor Air QualityOutdoor Air Quality

!! Standard requires a survey of the Standard requires a survey of the project site to determine quality of project site to determine quality of OAOA

!! Limit values for various air Limit values for various air contaminantscontaminants

!! Ohio EPA WebsiteOhio EPA Website

Indoor Air Quality

ASHRAE 62.1-2007 Basics:!! Options for ComplianceOptions for Compliance!! Natural VentilationNatural Ventilation

!! Based on Space Floor Area Based on Space Floor Area –– Both Both Interior and Perimeter SpacesInterior and Perimeter Spaces

!! Limitation on Distance of Interior Limitation on Distance of Interior Spaces from Perimeter OpeningsSpaces from Perimeter Openings

!! Acceptable for Compliance to USGBC Acceptable for Compliance to USGBC LEEDLEED--NC v 2.2 EAp1 NC v 2.2 EAp1 –– Minimum IAQ Minimum IAQ PerformancePerformance

Indoor Air Quality

ASHRAE 62.1-2007 Basics:!! Options for ComplianceOptions for Compliance!! Ventilation Rate ProcedureVentilation Rate Procedure

!! Forced Airflow to Building SpacesForced Airflow to Building Spaces!! Must provide the required airflow Must provide the required airflow

throughthrough--out the occupied range of out the occupied range of operationoperation

!! Must be appropriately dehumidified Must be appropriately dehumidified to limit moisture problemsto limit moisture problems

Indoor Air Quality

ASHRAE 62.1-2007 Basics:!! Ventilation Rate ProcedureVentilation Rate Procedure

!! Required ventilation is calculated based Required ventilation is calculated based on occupancy and floor areaon occupancy and floor area

!! This differs from the previous Standard This differs from the previous Standard (OBC) and can result in reduced airflow (OBC) and can result in reduced airflow requirementsrequirements

Indoor Air Quality


!! ReRe--circulation (Return) Air now classified circulation (Return) Air now classified by space typeby space type

!! Class 1 thru Class 4Class 1 thru Class 4!! Limits what classification of air that can Limits what classification of air that can

be returnedbe returned

!! This is more stringent than the previous This is more stringent than the previous version of the Standard (OBC)version of the Standard (OBC)

Indoor Air Quality

ASHRAE 62.1-2007 Basics:!! Ventilation Rate ProcedureVentilation Rate Procedure!! MultiMulti--Zone Systems Zone Systems –– Typical ApplicationTypical Application

!! Each Space OA Requirement is calculated Each Space OA Requirement is calculated as a ratio to the heatas a ratio to the heat--load required airflowload required airflow

!! The highest ratio governs the entire The highest ratio governs the entire systemsystem

!! This is similar to the previous Standard This is similar to the previous Standard (OBC), but updated to reflect the new (OBC), but updated to reflect the new Occupancy and Area requirementsOccupancy and Area requirements

Indoor Air Quality


Indoor Air Quality

ASHRAE 62.1-2007 Basics:!! Ventilation Rate ProcedureVentilation Rate Procedure!! Diversity and Variable OccupancyDiversity and Variable Occupancy

!! Diversity in Overall Building Occupancy is Diversity in Overall Building Occupancy is applied at the System Levelapplied at the System Level

!! Short Term Occupancy of each Space may Short Term Occupancy of each Space may be evaluated during the Occupied time be evaluated during the Occupied time periodperiod

!! Classroom, Theaters, LobbiesClassroom, Theaters, Lobbies

!! Limited in the previous versionLimited in the previous version

Indoor Air Quality

Variable Occupancy ExampleIndoor Air Quality

Interrupted Airflow ExampleIndoor Air Quality

ASHRAE 62.1-2007 Basics:!! IAQ Procedure for VentilationIAQ Procedure for Ventilation!! Performance Based Calculation and Performance Based Calculation and

ModelingModeling!! Contaminant SourcesContaminant Sources!! Contaminant ConcentrationsContaminant Concentrations!! Target Contaminant LevelsTarget Contaminant Levels!! Perceived IAQPerceived IAQ!! Air cleaning systemsAir cleaning systems

Indoor Air Quality

IAQ Procedure System Options:!! Mechanical Air CleaningMechanical Air Cleaning

!! Treat Airborne ContaminantsTreat Airborne Contaminants!! Particulate and Vapor (Fume)Particulate and Vapor (Fume)

!! Permits rePermits re--circulation of air and reduction of circulation of air and reduction of outdoor air requirementsoutdoor air requirements

!! Effective when ambient outdoor air quality is Effective when ambient outdoor air quality is subsub--standard standard –– Urban EnvironmentsUrban Environments

Indoor Air Quality

ASHRAE 62.1-2007 Basics:!! IAQ Procedure for VentilationIAQ Procedure for Ventilation!! Acceptable for Alternative Compliance to Acceptable for Alternative Compliance to

IMC/OMC IMC/OMC –– Chapter 4Chapter 4!! NOT Acceptable for Compliance to NOT Acceptable for Compliance to

USGBC LEEDUSGBC LEED--NC v2.2 EQp1 NC v2.2 EQp1 –– Minimum Minimum IAQ PerformanceIAQ Performance

Indoor Air Quality

ASHRAE 62.1-2007 Basics:!! Construction & StartConstruction & Start--up Requirementsup Requirements

!! Requires protection of occupied spaces Requires protection of occupied spaces adjacent to construction zonesadjacent to construction zones

!! Required Air Balance of SystemsRequired Air Balance of Systems!! Testing of Condensate Drain PansTesting of Condensate Drain Pans

!! Similarly Similarly –– ASHRAE 90.1 requires ASHRAE 90.1 requires commissioning of M/E Systems in commissioning of M/E Systems in buildings exceeding 50,000 SFbuildings exceeding 50,000 SF

Indoor Air Quality

Summary:!! ASHRAE 62.1ASHRAE 62.1--2007 is significantly more complex 2007 is significantly more complex

than current IMC/OMC requirements for than current IMC/OMC requirements for ventilationventilation

!! Generally, ASHRAE 62 will result in reduced Generally, ASHRAE 62 will result in reduced outdoor airflow requirements and, therefore, outdoor airflow requirements and, therefore, reduced energy consumptionreduced energy consumption

!! USGBC LEEDUSGBC LEED--NC v 2.2 has differing NC v 2.2 has differing requirements than IMC/OMC for minimum requirements than IMC/OMC for minimum ventilation requirementsventilation requirements

Indoor Air Quality

Questions?Questions?

IAQ Design Overview


ashrae standard 62 – what now?

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