Integrated Detector Electronics AS ASICs for particle and gamma

radiation detection

Gunnar Maehlum General Manager

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Integrated Detector Electronics AS

Founded in 1992 under the name IDE AS as a spin-off from Norway's high energy physics activities at CERN.

Merged with Gamma Medica Inc in 2005

Separated from Gamma Medica Inc in 2013

World leader in design of gamma ray detector systems.

Current systems used in medicine, biology, astrophysics and high energy physics applications.

Unique digital technology.

12 employees from 7 different countries, 3 PhDs, 7 master degrees.

Located at Fornebu near Oslo. Science/space >50% of revenues at present 6/19/2013 2

Product development

• More than 100 different designs of integrated circuits for high energy, nuclear and astrophysics research.

• Bioscope Biomolex microarray imager

• uCAM gamma camera

• LumaGEM Molecular Breast Imaging

• Spectroscopic photon counting

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ASIC

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Cadmium Zinc Telluride Detector module

CZT Detector showing a CZT crystal and electronics boards Size: 25x25mm Pixels: 256 Pixel size 1.6x16mm

Power consumption 200mW

A usable detector

consists of the

following parts

1. A detector crystal,

often divided into

pixels

2. An amplifier often

implemented as

multi-channel

devices

3. An interconnect and

package

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Data Aquisition

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Data acquisition card used in a gamma camera for medical diagnostics Developed by GM-Ideas Norway

Gamma Camera for medical use

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uCAM gamma camera

• Used for imaging inpre-clinical research

• State of the art energy and position resolution

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ASICS for science and research

• A small selection of projects

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Belle (KEK, b-factory)

ATHENA antihydrogen detector (CERN)

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Astrophysics

The SWIFT satellite: We delivered the readout ASIC for the BAT (Burst Alert Telescope) . The ASIC is just visible as a square below the protective covering on the picture to the left. Launched 2004

The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer: We delivered the ASICs for the reaout of the silicon charged particle tracker. In total several 10000 channels of preamplifiers.

The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer: We delivered the ASICs for the readout of the silicon charged particle tracker. In total several 10000 channels of preamplifiers. The experiment flew on the space shuttle. The experiment is visible at the back of the cargo bay. AMS will be installed at the ISS in February 2011.

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SWIFT

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Observation of gamma ray bursts. Equipped with optical and x-ray telescope in addition to the Burst Alert Telesope CdZnTe and Ideas XA1.2 in orbit November 2004

X-rays from a neutron star

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Astrophysics and space weather

The PLAsma and SupraThermal Ion Composition (PLASTIC) experiment on the STEREO mission. GM-I delivered ASIC for read out of detectors of the spectrometer. Launched 2006

SuperAGILE an X-ray monitor of AGILE, by the Italian Space Agency (ASI) devoted to observations for astrophysics in the gamma ray energy range 30 MeV-50 GeV.

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astrophysics

•Astro-H

•JAXA mission. We are suppling ASICs to two instruments (of 4):

•Hard x-ray Imaging System: A combination of silicon (<30keV) layers and CdTe (20-80keV)

•Soft Gamma-ray Detector: CdTe 10-600keV

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Modular X- and gamma ray sensor (MXGS) on the Atmosphere Space Interaction Monitor (ASIM)

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Study x-rays emitted from high altitude phenomena in the atmosphere

Gamma ray spectrometer for the range 20-400keV using Cadmium Zinc Telluride detectors. GM-I delivers detector readout modules to the University of Bergen that will build the spectrometer MXGS

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Modular X- and gamma ray sensor (MXGS)

Slide courtesy of University of Bergen

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CZT Detector array • 100 modules

• a total of 25600 pixels

• Pixels 2.5x2.5mm

• Space qualified R/O system designed by the

University of Bergen

• To be attached to the Columbus module on the

International Space Station

Slide courtesy of University of Bergen

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• Company established with The Norwegian Radium Hospital and private investors

• Technology: double sided silicon microstrip detectors

• Applications: – Real Time Digital Autoradiography – Radionuclides Imaging and

Quantification – Kinase Micro-Arrays – Tissue Sections

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imaged slide of near whole-body sections of a mouse injected with an alpha particle emitter radionuclide. The image is 26mm tall.

Spectral photon counting

• Problem: all X-ray images are black & white

• X-rays attenuation depends on photon energy

• Added information when the energy of each photon is recorded

• Challenge: very high photon flux 10E8/mm/s

• Applications in medical imaging, materials sorting, recycling etc.

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Spectral X-ray Counting Detector

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X-ray Line Camera Modules: CdTe + ASICs Wang et al. (2009), Proc. IEEE NSS

Polaris

• Co-development with the University of Michigan, dept. Of Nuclear engineering, Prof. Z. He

• Directional gamma camera based on Compton scattering

• Measure both time, energy and position of coloumb scattered gamma rays.

• Unsurpassed energy resolution for room temperature detectors

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Polaris, a Compton imaging spectrometer

Co-developed by the University of Michigan and GM-Ideas Norway

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Compton imaging spectrometer

Developed in cooperation with the University of Michigan groundbreaking ASICs for combined spectroscopy and directional sensitivity

Close to 4pi sensitivity Detect location and energy

of sources with activity 10% above background

Better than 1% energy resolution at 663keV

Visible light image overlay

Some results

• Gamma ray spectroscopy

• Radiation tolerance

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Radiation Spectroscopy

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Test results – Energy Spectroscopy (1)

VATA450 (low power)

JAXA / KIPAC [Watanabe et al., Vertex 2009] Data taken by JAXA / KIPAC

VA32TA6 VATA450

Test results – Energy Spectroscopy (2)

VATA451 (low noise) Noise (ENC)

VATA450 59 +14 e/pF

VATA451 27 +6.6 e/pF

VATA460 179 +16 e/pF

VATA461 34 + 5.5 e/pF

JAXA / KIPAC [Saito et al.,, SPIE 2010]

ASIC measurements, by GM-I

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Test results (3) VATA460 (HDR)

Threshold of Noise

Energy Resolution

(FWHM)

Energy measurement Thresh-hold

En

ergy

[k

eV]

Temperature[degree]

Measurements performed by Takashima et al, JAXA.

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Test results (4) VATA460 (HDR)

Energy Resolution (FWHM)

Under CC-on

Energy Resolution (FWHM)

under CC-off

Noise level under CC-off

Noise level under CC-on

Temperature[degree]

En

erg

y [

keV

]

Measurements performed by Takashima et al, JAXA.

Radiation Tolerance and Latch-up

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Reference: H.Aihara, M. Hazumi, H. Ishino, J. Kaneko, Y. Li, D.

Marlow, S. Mikkelsen, D. Nguyen, E. Nygaard, H. Tajima, J. Talebi,

G. Vamer, H. Yamamoto, and M. Yokoyama, ”Development of

Front-end Electronics for Belle SVD Upgrades”, IEEE, Proc. Nucl.

Sci. Symp. Conf. Rec. 2000, Vol. 2, 9/213 – 9/216.

The most sensitive structures have been tested for radiation tolerance

ASIC fabricated in 0.35um CMOS process with epitaxial layer.

ASIC fabrication process has been choosen for good radiation tolerance and latch-up immunity.

Initial SEL tests have been performed, and the design has passed these.

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Radiation test of VATA460

Radiation test by 6MeV/n He.

Measurements performed by Takashima et al, JAXA.

Gain Noise

What we can offer our customers:

• Advantage: GM-Ideas ASIC were already used at Athena.

• Proven track record of deliveries to scientific customers.

• Internal quality system that is ‘space qualified’

• Predictable delivery times due to own managed multi-project wafers.

• Established internal program to develop ASICs for cryogenic operation (infrared applications)

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How to work with us

1. Develop a requirement specification. This can be a collaborative effort to optimize cost/requirement tradeoff

2. Define test and acceptance criteria 3. Based on 1 & 2 We issue a quote 4. Place order 5. Receive ASIC and perform reception control 6. Build and run you experiment/observatory. 1-5 can be performed in as little as 4 months, 6 to 10 more more typical complex designs

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GM-I ASIC families

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VA ASICs spectroscpy

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TA ASICs Triggering

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VATA ASICs Self-triggering spectroscopy

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Va-Ta architecture

vss

Slow-

shaper

Fast-shaper

S/H

Discriminator Mono-

stable

In

Threshold Ext. S/H

VA

TA

Serial Analog

Out

Trigger

Out

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VA-TA timing diagram

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Preamp

”Slow” Shaper

”Fast” Shaper

Trigger

XA ASICs Self-triggering spectroscopy

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Xa architecture

holdb

ctout

aout

trig-delay

in

HP-F

Reset

DLT

Channel disable-

register thresh

DAC

ff

ff

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CA ASICs counting mode

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CA Counting ASIC

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● 50 ns shaping time, adjustable

● 1.5 Mcps count rate

● 20 keV lowest threshold

● 300 keV dynamic range

● 5 thresholds/windows

● 7 mW/channel

● 32 channel ASIC available

●.. any custom design possible

VAI ASICs current integrating

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Pixel ASICs all architectures possible

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Pipeline ASICs Oscilloscope mode ASIC

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• Any combinations possible

• Back end protocols:

– Asynchrounous data-driven

– Synchronous

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Thank you

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