aspects of organic municipal waste management in catalonia
TRANSCRIPT
ASPECTS OF ORGANIC MUNICIPAL WASTE MANAGEMENT IN CATALONIA
Agència de Residus de CatalunyaGisela Sommer23/10/2014
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23/10/2014 Agència de Residus 2
Public companySustainable waste management• Control, planning, legislationResponsible authority for waste generated in Catalonia– industrial– municipal
– construction & demolition– soil recovery
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Catalonia
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Population Surface Density MunicipalitiesInhabitants km2 inhab/km2 No.
Catalonia 7.553.650 32.106 235 947
Metropolitan Area 3.228.569 636 5.076 36
Barcelona 1.611.822 101 15.959 1
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947 MunicipalitiesAuthorities responsible for MSW collectionMay delegate obligations to
Consortia Consells Comarcals (County Councils)Associations of municipalitiesEtc.
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Municipal Waste Generation 2013
Total MSW amount 2013:
2.226.819 t373.828 t 262.427 t 158.240 t 127.574 t
3.588.635 tonnes
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10,6% 7,3% 4,4% 3,6% 12,1% 62,1%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
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Separate collection of:
Light packagingGlassPaper&cardboardOrganic Fraction (biowaste)
Biological Treatment
Rest Fraction (mixed residual waste)Mechanical Biological Treatment LandfillIncineration
Municipal Waste Composition in Catalonia(Analysis 2013)
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Consumption patterns (Mediterranian Diet)
Restaurants
Why separate collection and biological treatment???
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External Factors:
Poor soils: < 1 % C
Why separate collection and biological treatment???
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Landfill is no option:
EU Landfill directive
Why separate collection and biological treatment???
Greenhouse Gas
No capacities left
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How to implement separate collection and biological treatment ???
Tools to approach separate collection of Organic Fraction:
1. Legal dispositions
2. Targets (Waste Management Plans)
3. Financial Instruments
4. COORDINATED APPLICATION OF POINTS 1‐3
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Act 6/1993
Act 15/2003
Act 16/2003
Act 9/2008
>5.000
1. Legal dispositions
Separate collectioncompulsory
Financial penalization of disposal
DeploymentPlan + FinancialIncentives
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2. Targets for Biowaste
PRECAT 20
Recovery of 60% of Biowaste produced
Contamination <10%
Reduction of 50% Biowaste production, reference year 2010
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Disposal tax
Subsidies
Refunding of disposal tax
3. Financial Instruments
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2014 Disposal tax per ton of MSWSeparate collection of Organic Fraction implemented Landfill Incineration
yes 15,80 € 7,40 €
no 25,40 € 18,60 €
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Disposal tax: €/t
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Separate collection of Organic Fraction: 10,- €/t
The refunding is subject to a quality coeffient applied per ton, based on periodical characterisations. At 15 % of impurities the refunding is 0.
Refunding of disposal tax
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Biological treatment of Organic Fraction: 34,- €/ton
Home composting of Organic Fraction:
exclusive method
complementing separate collection
Individual composters 20,00 € 5,00 € community composters 60,00 € 15,00 €
per composter installed
Basis of assessment is the quantity of netOrganic Fraction, subtracting impurities.
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Collection vehiclesContainers
Buckets & compostable bags
Home Composting
Promotion & campaign
Funding up to 75% max.
Feasibility study
Trigger for separate collection
Subsidies
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1 10 18 2458
75 97 108159
239
320380
430
525
630654
663 697
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
0
50.000
100.000
150.000
200.000
250.000
300.000
350.000
400.000
450.000
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
No. of m
unicipalities
tons
Evolution of Implementation and Tons of Biowaste
Biowaste Home Comp. Acumulat Munic.
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Disposal tax
Higher disposal tax if no separate collection
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How to collect biowaste separately ???
Road ContainersDoor to Door
Municipalities
Separate Collection 741Door to Door 118
Home/Community Composting 256
Home/Community Composting
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PROsRequires less areaAllows better management of emissions / odorsAllows recovery of energy (biogas)Fuel for vehicles
CONsHigh costs (investment /management)More sofisticated and sensitive technologyRequires high input quantitiesRequires homogeneous inputMore adequate for industrial scale
PROsSimple, robust technologyFlexibility (capacity/modules)Biological process less complicatedProcess allows and requires input of woodymaterials (green waste)Lower costs (investment/management) than AD
CONsSlower processGeneration of odours if not managed well
ANAEROBIC DIGESTIONWith post-composting COMPOSTING4 18
How to treat biowaste ???
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Recommendations:
Establish criteria for implementation plans in legal dispositions.
Subject subsidies to feasibility studies (staff capacity, contracts, etc.). Consider home‐composting in small villages and areas of difficult access.
Charge higher disposal tax in absence of implementation plan.
Establish legal obligation for separate collection in the commercial and industrial sector.
Be patient! Slowly but surely does the trick!