300asp.netinterviewquestionsandanswersASP.NETinterviewquestionsMay25,2014at03:36PMbyRajSingh

DescribestatemanagementinASP.NET.

Statemanagementisatechniquetomanageastateofanobjectondifferentrequest.

TheHTTPprotocolisthefundamentalprotocoloftheWorldWideWeb.HTTPisastatelessprotocolmeanseveryrequestisfromnewuserwithrespecttowebserver.HTTPprotocoldoesnotprovideyouwithanymethodofdeterminingwhetheranytworequestsaremadebythesameperson.

Maintainingstateisimportantinanywebapplication.TherearetwotypesofstatemanagementsysteminASP.NET.

ClientsidestatemanagementServersidestatemanagement

Explainclientsidestatemanagementsystem.

ASP.NETprovidesseveraltechniquesforstoringstateinformationontheclient.Theseincludethefollowing:

viewstateASP.NETusesviewstatetotrackvaluesincontrolsbetweenpagerequests.Itworkswithinthepageonly.Youcannotuseviewstatevalueinnextpage.

controlstate:Youcanpersistinformationaboutacontrolthatisnotpartoftheviewstate.Ifviewstateisdisabledforacontrolorthepage,thecontrolstatewillstillwork.

hiddenfields:Itstoresdatawithoutdisplayingthatcontrolanddatatotheusersbrowser.Thisdataispresentedbacktotheserverandisavailablewhentheformisprocessed.Hiddenfieldsdataisavailablewithinthepageonly(pagescopeddata).

Cookies:Cookiesaresmallpieceofinformationthatservercreatesonthebrowser.Cookiesstoreavalueintheusersbrowserthatthebrowsersendswitheverypagerequesttothewebserver.

Querystrings:Inquerystrings,valuesarestoredattheendoftheURL.Thesevaluesarevisibletotheuserthroughhisorherbrowsersaddressbar.Querystringsarenotsecure.Youshouldnotsendsecretinformationthroughthequerystring.

Explainserversidestatemanagementsystem.

Thefollowingobjectsareusedtostoretheinformationontheserver:

ApplicationState:

ThisobjectstoresthedatathatisaccessibletoallpagesinagivenWebapplication.TheApplicationobjectcontainsglobalvariablesforyourASP.NETapplication.

CacheObject:Cachingistheprocessofstoringdatathatisusedfrequentlybytheuser.Cachingincreasesyourapplicationsperformance,scalability,andavailability.Youcancatchthedataontheserverorclient.

SessionState:Sessionobjectstoresuserspecificdatabetweenindividualrequests.Thisobjectissameasapplicationobjectbutitstoresthedataaboutparticularuser.

Explaincookieswithexample.

Acookieisasmallamountofdatathatservercreatesontheclient.Whenawebservercreatesacookie,anadditionalHTTPheaderissenttothebrowserwhenapageisservedtothebrowser.TheHTTPheaderlookslikethis:

SetCookie:message=Hello.Afteracookiehasbeencreatedonabrowser,wheneverthebrowserrequestsapagefromthesameapplicationinthefuture,thebrowsersendsaheaderthatlookslikethis:

Cookie:message=Hello

Cookieislittlebitoftextinformation.Youcanstoreonlystringvalueswhenusingacookie.Therearetwotypesofcookies:

SessioncookiesPersistentcookies.

Asessioncookieexistsonlyinmemory.Ifauserclosesthewebbrowser,thesessioncookiedeletepermanently.

Apersistentcookie,ontheotherhand,canavailableformonthsorevenyears.Whenyoucreateapersistentcookie,thecookieisstoredpermanentlybytheusersbrowserontheuserscomputer.

Creatingcookie

protectedvoidbtnAdd_Click(objectsender,EventArgse){Response.Cookies[message].Value=txtMsgCookie.Text}

//HeretxtMsgCookieistheIDofTextBox.

//cookienamesarecasesensitive.CookienamedmessageisdifferentfromsettingacookienamedMessage.

Theaboveexamplecreatesasessioncookie.Thecookiedisappearswhenyoucloseyourwebbrowser.Ifyouwanttocreateapersistentcookie,thenyouneedtospecifyanexpirationdateforthecookie.

Response.Cookies[message].Expires=DateTime.Now.AddYears(1)

ReadingCookiesvoidPage_Load(){if(Request.Cookies[message]!=null)lblCookieValue.Text=Request.Cookies[message].Value}//HerelblCookieValueistheIDofLabelControl.

Describethedisadvantageofcookies.

Cookiecanstoreonlystringvalue.Cookiesarebrowserdependent.Cookiesarenotsecure.Cookiescanstoresmallamountofdata.

WhatisSessionobject?Describeindetail.

HTTPisastatelessprotocolitcan'tholdtheuserinformationonwebpage.Ifuserinsertssomeinformation,andmovetothenextpage,thatdatawillbelostanduserwouldnotabletoretrievetheinformation.Foraccessingthatinformationwehavetostoreinformation.Sessionprovidesthatfacilitytostoreinformationonservermemory.Itcansupportanytypeofobjecttostore.ForeveryuserSessiondatastoreseparatelymeanssessionisuserspecific.

StoringthedatainSessionobject.

Session[message]=HelloWorld!

RetrevingthedatafromSessionobject.

Label1.Text=Session[message].ToString()

WhataretheAdvantagesandDisadvantagesofSession?

Followingarethebasicadvantagesanddisadvantagesofusingsession.

Advantages:

Itstoresuserstatesanddatatoallovertheapplication.

Easymechanismtoimplementandwecanstoreanykindofobject.

Storeseveryuserdataseparately.

Sessionissecureandtransparentfromuserbecausesessionobjectisstoredontheserver.

Disadvantages:

Performanceoverheadincaseoflargenumberofuser,becauseofsessiondatastoredinservermemory.

OverheadinvolvedinserializingandDeSerializingsessionData.BecauseIncaseofStateServerandSQLServersessionmodeweneedtoserializetheobjectbeforestore.

DescribetheMasterPage.

MasterpagesinASP.NETworksasatemplatethatyoucanreferencethispageinallothercontentpages.Masterpagesenableyoutodefinethelookandfeelofallthepagesinyoursiteinasinglelocation.Ifyouhavedonechangesinmasterpage,thenthechangeswillreflectinallthewebpagesthatreferencemasterpages.Whenusersrequestthecontentpages,theymergewiththemasterpagetoproduceoutputthatcombinesthelayoutofthemasterpagewiththecontentfromthecontentpage.

ContentPlaceHoldercontrolisavailableonlyonmasterpage.YoucanusemorethanoneContentPlaceHoldercontrolinmasterpage.Tocreateregionsthatcontentpagescanfillin,youneedtodefineContentPlaceHoldercontrolsinmasterpageasfollows:

ThepagespecificcontentisthenputinsideaContentcontrolthatpointstotherelevant

ContentPlaceHolder:

NotethattheContentPlaceHolderIDattributeoftheContentcontrolpointstotheContentPlaceHolderthatisdefinedinthemasterpage.

Themasterpageisidentifiedbyaspecial@Masterdirectivethatreplacesthe@Pagedirectivethatisusedforordinary.aspxpages.

HowyoucanaccessthePropertiesandControlsofMasterPagesfromcontentpages?

YoucanaccessthePropertiesandControlsofMasterPagesfromcontentpages.InmanysituationsyouneedUsersNameindifferentcontentpages.Youcansetthisvalueinsidethemasterpageandthenmakeitavailabletocontentpagesasapropertyofthemasterpage.

Wewillfollowthefollowingstepstoreferencethepropertiesofmasterpagefromcontentpages.

Step:1

Createapropertyinthemasterpagecodebehindfile.

publicStringUserName{get{return(String)Session["Name"]}set{Session["Name"]=value}}

Step:2

Addthe@MasterTypedeclarationtothe.aspxcontentpagetoreferencemasterpropertiesinacontentpage.Thisdeclarationisaddedjustbelowthe@Pagedeclarationasfollows:

Step:3

Onceyouaddthe@MasterTypedeclaration,youcanreferencepropertiesinthemasterpageusingtheMasterclass.ForexampletakealabelcontrolthatidisID="Label1"

Label1.Text=Master.UserName

ForreferencingcontrolsintheMasterPagewewillwritethefollowingcode.

ContentPageCode.

protectedvoidButton1_Click(objectsender,EventArgse){TextBoxtxtName=(TextBox)Master.FindControl("TextBox1")Label1.Text=txtName.Text}

Toreferencecontrolsinamasterpage,callMaster.FindControlfromthecontentpage.

WhatarethedifferentmethodofnavigationinASP.NET?

Pagenavigationmeansmovingfromonepagetoanotherpageinyourwebsiteandanother.TherearemanywaystonavigatefromonepagetoanotherinASP.NET.

ClientsidenavigationCrosspagepostingClientsidebrowserredirectClientSideNavigation

Clientsidenavigation:

ClientsidenavigationallowstheusertonavigatefromonepagetoanotherbyusingclientsidecodeorHTML.ItrequestsanewWebpageinresponsetoaclientsideevent,suchasclickingahyperlinkorexecutingJavaScriptaspartofabuttonclick.

Example:

DragaHyperLinkcontrolontheformandsettheNavigateUrlpropertytothedesireddestinationpage.

HyperLinkControl:Source

TakeatestfromCareerRide

Supposethat,thiscontrolisplacedonaWebpagecalledCareerRide.aspx,andtheHyperLinkcontrolisclicked,thebrowsersimplyrequeststheWelcome.aspxpage.

SecondmethodofclientsidenavigationisthroughJavaScript.

Example:

TakeanHTMLbuttoncontrolonwebpage.FollowingistheHTMLcodefortheinputbutton.

WhentheButton1isclicked,theclientsidemethod,Button1_onclickwillbecalled.TheJavaScriptsourcefortheButton1_onclickmethodisasfollows:

functionButton1_onclick(){document.location="NavigateTest2.aspx"}

Crosspageposting:

Example:

Supposethatwehavetwopages,thefirstpageisFirstPage.aspxandSecondpageisSecondPage.aspx.TheFirstPagehasa

ButtonandTextBoxcontrolanditsIDisButton1andTextBox1respectively.AButtoncontrolhasitsPostBackUrlproperty.Setthispropertyto~/SecondPage.aspx.WhentheuserclicksonButton,thedatawillsendtoSecondPageforprocessing.ThecodeforSecondPageisasfollows:

protectedvoidPage_Load(objectsender,EventArgse){if(Page.PreviousPage==null){Label1.Text="Nopreviouspageinpost"}else{Label1.Text=((TextBox)PreviousPage.FindControl("TextBox1")).Text}}

ThesecondpagecontainsaLabelcontrolanditsIDisLabel1.

ThepagethatreceivesthePostBackreceivestheposteddatafromthefirstpageforprocessing.Wecanconsiderthispageastheprocessingpage.TheprocessingpageoftenneedstoaccessdatathatwascontainedinsidetheinitialpagethatcollectedthedataanddeliveredthePostBack.ThepreviouspagesdataisavailableinsidethePage.PreviousPageproperty.Thispropertyisonlysetifacrosspagepostoccurs.

Clientsidebrowserredirect:

ThePage.ResponseobjectcontainstheRedirectmethodthatcanbeusedinyourserversidecodetoinstructthebrowsertoinitiatearequestforanotherWebpage.TheredirectisnotaPostBack.ItissimilartotheuserclickingahyperlinkonaWebpage.

Example:

protectedvoidButton1_Click(objectsender,EventArgse){Response.Redirect("Welcome.aspx")}

Inclientsidebrowserredirectmethodanextraroundtriptotheserverishappened.

Serversidetransfer:

InthistechniqueServer.Transfermethodisused.TheTransfermethodtransferstheentirecontextofaWebpageovertoanotherpage.Thepagethatreceivesthetransfergeneratestheresponsebacktotheusersbrowser.InthismechanismtheusersInternetaddressinhisbrowserdoesnotshowtheresultofthetransfer.Theusersaddressbarstillreflectsthenameoftheoriginallyrequestedpage.

protectedvoidButton1_Click(objectsender,EventArgse){Server.Transfer("MyPage.aspx",false)}

TheTransfermethodhasanoverloadthatacceptsaBooleanparametercalledpreserveForm.Yousetthisparametertoindicateifyouwanttokeeptheformandquerystringdata.

ASP.NETinterviewquestionsApril16,2013at01:36PMbyKshipraSingh

1.WhatdoestheOrientationpropertydoinaMenucontrol?

OrientationpropertyoftheMenucontrolsetsthedisplayofmenuonaWebpagetoverticalorhorizontal.Originallytheorientationissettovertical.

2.Differentiatebetween:

a.)ClientsideandserversidevalidationsinWebpages.

Clientsidevalidationshappendsattheclient'ssidewiththehelpofJavaScriptandVBScript.ThishappensbeforetheWebpageissenttotheserver.Serversidevalidationsoccursplaceattheserverside.

b.)Authenticationandauthorization.

Authenticationistheprocessofverifyngtheidentityofauserusingsomecredentialslikeusernameandpasswordwhileauthorizationdeterminesthepartsofthesystemtowhichaparticularidentityhasaccess.Authenticationisrequiredbeforeauthorization.

Fore.g.Ifanemployeeauthenticateshimselfwithhiscredentialsonasystem,authorizationwilldetermineifhehasthecontrol

overjustpublishingthecontentoralsoeditingit.

3.a.)Whatdoesthe.WebPartfiledo?

ItexplainsthesettingsofaWebPartscontrolthatcanbeincludedtoaspecifiedzoneonaWebpage.

b.)Howwouldyouenableimpersonationintheweb.configfile?

Inordertoenabletheimpersonationintheweb.confingfile,takethefollowingsteps:Includetheelementintheweb.configfile.Settheimpersonateattributetotrueasshownbelow:

4.a.)Differentiatebetween

a.)Filebaseddependencyandkeybaseddependency.

Infilebaseddependency,thedependencyisonafilesavedinadiskwhileinkeybaseddependency,youdependonanothercacheditem.

b.)Globalizationandlocalization.GlobalizationisatechniquetoidentifythepartofaWebapplicationthatisdifferentfordifferentlanguagesandseparateitoutfromthewebapplicationwhileinlocalizationyoutrytoconfigureaWebapplicationsothatitcanbesupportedforaspecificlanguageorlocale.

5.a.)Differentiatebetweenapagethemeandaglobaltheme?

Pagethemeappliestoaparticularwebpagesoftheproject.ItisstoredinsideasubfolderoftheApp_Themesfolder.Globalthemeappliestoallthewebapplicationsonthewebserver.ItisstoredinsidetheThemesfolderonaWebserver.

b.)WhatareWebservercontrolsinASP.NET?

ThesearetheobjectsonASP.NETpagesthatrunwhentheWebpageisrequested.SomeoftheseWebservercontrols,likebuttonandtextbox,aresimilartotheHTMLcontrols.Somecontrolsexhibitcomplexbehaviorlikethecontrolsusedtoconnecttodatasourcesanddisplaydata.

6.a.)DifferentiatebetweenaHyperLinkcontrolandaLinkButtoncontrol.

AHyperLinkcontroldoesnothavetheClickandCommandeventswhiletheLinkButtoncontrolhasthem,whichcanbehandledinthecodebehindfileoftheWebpage.

b.)HowdoCookieswork?Giveanexampleoftheirabuse.

Theserverdirectsthebrowsertoputsomefilesinacookie.Allthecookiesarethensentforthedomainineachrequest.Anexampleofcookieabusecouldbeacasewherealargecookieisstoredaffectingthenetworktraffic.

7.a.)WhatareCustomUserControlsinASP.NET?

Thesearethecontrolsdefinedbydevelopersandworksimilarttootherwebservercontrols.Theyareamixtureofcustombehaviorandpredefinedbehavior.

b.)WhatisRolebasedsecurity?

Usedinalmostallorganization,theRolebasedsecurityassigncertainprivilegestoeachrole.Eachuserisassignedaparticularrolefromthelist.Privilegesasperrolerestricttheuser'sactionsonthesystemandensurethatauserisabletodoonlywhatheispermittedtodoonthesystem.

8.WhataretheHTMLservercontrolsinASP.NET?

HTMLservercontrolsaresimilartothestandardHTMLelementslikethoseusedinHTMLpages.Theyexposepropertiesandeventsforprogramaticaluse.Tomakethesecontrolsprogrammaticallyaccessible,wespecifythattheHTMLcontrolsactasaservercontrolbyaddingtherunat="server"attribute.

9.a.)WhatarethevarioustypesofCookiesinASP.NET?

ThereexisttwotypesofcookiesinASP.NET

SessionCookieItresidesonthemachineoftheclientforasinglesessionandworksuntiltheuserlogsoutofthesession.PersistentCookieItresidesonthemachineofauserforaspecifiedperiod.Thisperiodcanbesetupmanuallybytheuser.

b.)Howwouldyouturnoffcookiesononepageofyourwebsite?

ThiscanbedonebyusingtheCookie.Discardproperty.

ItGetsorsetsthediscardflagsetbytheserver.Whensettotrue,thispropertyinstructstheclientapplicationnottosavetheCookieontheharddiskoftheuserattheendofthesession.

c.)Howwouldyoucreateapermanentcookie?

Permanentcookiesarestoredontheharddiskandareavailableuntilaspecifiedexpirationdateisreached.TocreateacookiethatneverexpiressetitsExpirespropertyequaltoDateTime.maxValue.

10.a.)ExplainCultureandUICulturevalues.

CulturevaluedeterminesthefunctionslikeDateandCurrencyusedtoformatdataandnumbersinaWebpage.UICulturevaluedeterminestheresourceslikestringsorimagesloadedinaWebapplicationforaWebpage.

b.)WhatisGlobal.asaxfileusedfor?

Itexecutesapplicationleveleventsandsetsapplicationlevelvariables.

11.a.)ExplainASP.NETWebForms.

WebFormsareanextremelyimportantpartofASP.NET.TheyaretheUserInterface(UI)elementswhichprovidethedesiredlookandfeeltoyourwebapplications.WebFormsprovideproperties,methods,andeventsforthecontrolsthatareplacedontothem.

b.)Whatiseventbubbling?

Whenchildcontrolsendeventstoparentitistermedaseventbubbling.ServercontrolslikeDatagrid,DataList,andRepeatercanhaveotherchildcontrolsinsidethem.

12.WhatarethevarioustypesofvalidationcontrolsprovidedbyASP.NET?

ASP.NETprovides6typesofvalidationcontrolsaslistedbelow:

i.)RequiredFieldValidatorItisusedwhenyoudonotwantthecontainertobeempty.Itchecksifthecontrolhasanyvalueornot.

ii.)RangeValidatorItchecksifthevalueinvalidatedcontroliswithinthespecifiedrangeornot.

iii.)CompareValidatorChecksifthevalueincontrolsmatchessomespecificvaluesornot.

iv.)RegularExpressionValidatorChecksifthevaluematchesaspecificregularexpressionornot.

v.)CustomValidatorUsedtodefineUserDefinedvalidation.

vi.)ValidationSummaryDisplayssummaryofallcurrentvalidationerrorsonanASP.NETpage.

13.Differentiatebetween:

a.)NamespaceandAssembly.

Namespaceisanamingconvenienceforlogicaldesigntimewhileanassemblyestablishesthenamescopefortypesatruntime.

b.)Earlybindingandlatebinding.

EarlybindingmeanscallinganonvirtualmethodthatisdecidedatacompiletimewhileLatebindingreferstocallingavirtualmethodthatisdecidedataruntime.

14.Whatarethedifferentkindsofassemblies?

Therecanbetwotypesofassemblies.

i.)Staticassemblies

Theyarestoredondiskinportableexecutablefiles.Itincludes.NETFrameworktypeslikeinterfacesandclasses,resourcesfortheassembly(bitmaps,JPEGfiles,resourcefilesetc.).

ii.)Dynamicassemblies

Theyarenotsavedondiskbeforeexecutionrathertheyrundirectlyfrommemory.Theycanbesavedtodiskaftertheyhavebeenexecuted.

15.DifferentiatebetweenStructureandClass.

StructuresarevaluetypewhileClassesarereferencetype.StructurescannothaveconstructorordestructorswhileClassescanhavethem.StructuresdonotsupportInheritancewhileClassesdosupportInheritance.

16.ExplainViewState.

Itisa.Netmechanismtostoretheposteddataamongpostbacks.Itallowsthestateofobjectstobestoredinahiddenfieldonthepage,savedonclientsideandtransportedbacktoserverwheneverrequired.

17.WhatarethevarioustypesofAuthentication?

Thereare3typesofAuthenticationnamelyWindows,FormsandPassportAuthentication.

WindowsauthenticationItusesthesecurityfeaturesintegratedinWindowsNTandWindowsXPOStoauthenticateandauthorizeWebapplicationusers.

FormsauthenticationItallowsyoutocreateyourownlistofusersandvalidatetheiridentitywhentheyvisittheWebsite.

PassportauthenticationItusestheMicrosoftcentralizedauthenticationprovidertoidentifyusers.PassportallowsuserstouseasingleidentityacrossmultipleWebapplications.PassportSDKneedstobeinstalledtousePassportauthenticationinyourWebapplication.

18.ExplainServersidescriptingandClientsidescripting.

ServersidescriptingAllthescriptareexecutedbytheserverandinterpretedasneeded.Clientsidescriptingmeansthatthescriptwillbeexecutedimmediatelyinthebrowsersuchasformfieldvalidation,emailvalidation,etc.ItisusaullaycarrriedoutinVBScriptorJavaScript.

19.a.)Whatisgarbagecollection?

Itisasystemwherearuntimecomponenttakesresponsibilityformanagingthelifetimeofobjectsandtheheapmemorythattheyoccupy.

b.)Explainserializationanddeserialization.

Serializationistheprocessofconvertinganobjectintoastreamofbytes.

Deserializationistheprocessofcreatinganobjectfromastreamofbytes.

Boththeseprocessesareusuallyusedtotransportobjects.

20.WhatarethevarioussessionstatemanagementoptionsprovidedbyASP.NET?

ASP.NETprovidestwosessionstatemanagementoptionsInProcessandOutofProcessstatemanagement.InProcessstoresthesessioninmemoryonthewebserver.OutofProcessstoresdatainanexternaldatasource.ThisdatasourcemaybeaSQLServeroraStateServerservice.OutofProcessstatemanagementneedsallobjectsstoredinsessiontobeserializable.

ASP.NETinterviewquestionsJan04,2011at05:16PMbyRahul

DescribehowPassportauthenticationworks.

ASP.NETapplicationwithPassportauthenticationimplementedcheckstheusersmachineforacurrentpassportauthenticationcookie.Ifitisnotavailable,ASP.NETdirectstheusertoaPassportsignonpage.ThePassportserviceauthenticatestheuser,storesanauthenticationcookieontheuserscomputeranddirecttheusertotherequestedpage.

ExplainthestepstobefollowedtousePassportauthentication.

1.InstallthePassportSDK.2.SettheapplicationsauthenticationmodetoPassportinWeb.config.3.Setauthorizationtodenyunauthenticatedusers.3.UsethePassportAuthentication_OnAuthenticateeventtoaccesstheusersPassportprofiletoidentifyandauthorizetheuser.4.ImplementasignoutproceduretoremovePassportcookiesfromtheusersmachine.

ExplaintheadvantagesofPassportauthentication.

UserdoesnthavetorememberseparateusernamesandpasswordsforvariousWebsitesUsercanmaintainhisorherprofileinformationinasinglelocation.PassportauthenticationalsoavailaccesstovariousMicrosoftservices,suchasPassportExpressPurchase.

Whatiscaching?

Cachingisthetechniqueofstoringfrequentlyuseditemsinmemorysothattheycanbeaccessedmorequickly.Bycachingtheresponse,therequestisservedfromtheresponsealreadystoredinmemory.

ItsimportanttochoosetheitemstocachewiselyasCachingincursoverhead.AWebformthatisfrequentlyusedanddoesnotcontaindatathatfrequentlychangesisgoodforcaching.Acachedwebformfreezesformsserversidecontentandchangestothatcontentdonotappearuntilthecacheisrefreshed.

AdvancedAsp.netinterviewquestionsASP.NETpracticetest

Explaintheuseofdurationattributeof@OutputCachepagedirective.

The@OutputCachedirectivesDurationattributedetermineshowlongthepageiscached.Ifthedurationattributeissetto60seconds,theWebformiscachedfor60secondstheserverloadstheresponseinmemoryandretainsthatresponsefor60seconds.Anyrequestsduringthattimereceivethecachedresponse.Oncethecachedurationhasexpired,thenextrequestgeneratesanewresponseandcachedforanother60seconds.

ASP.NETinterviewtest(20questions)newASP.NETinterviewtestforexperienced(19questions)SqlServer(25questions)

1.Explainhowawebapplicationworks.

Answer:

Awebapplicationresidesintheserverandservestheclient'srequestsoverinternet.Theclientaccessthewebpageusingbrowserfromhismachine.Whenaclientmakesarequest,itreceivestheresultintheformofHTMLwhichareinterpretedanddisplayedbythebrowser.

AwebapplicationontheserversiderunsunderthemanagementofMicrosoftInternetInformationServices(IIS).IISpassestherequestreceivedfromclienttotheapplication.TheapplicationreturnstherequestedresultintheformofHTMLtoIIS,whichinturn,sendstheresulttotheclient.

2.ExplaintheadvantagesofASP.NET.

Answer:

FollowingaretheadvantagesofASP.NET.

Webapplicationexistsincompiledformontheserversotheexecutionspeedisfasterascomparedtotheinterpretedscripts.

ASP.NETmakesdevelopmentsimplerandeasiertomaintainwithaneventdriven,serversideprogrammingmodel.

Beingpartof.Framework,ithasaccesstoallthefeaturesof.NetFramework.

Contentandprogramlogicareseparatedwhichreducestheinconveniencesofprogrammaintenance.

ASP.NETmakesforeasydeployment.Thereisnoneedtoregistercomponentsbecausetheconfigurationinformationisbuiltin.

Todevelopprogramlogic,adevelopercanchoosetowritetheircodeinmorethan25.NetlanguagesincludingVB.Net,C#,JScript.Netetc.

Introductionofviewstatehelpsinmaintainingstateofthecontrolsautomaticallybetweenthepostbacksevents.

ASP.NEToffersbuiltinsecurityfeaturesthroughwindowsauthenticationorotherauthenticationmethods.

IntegratedwithADO.NET.

Builtincachingfeatures.

3.ExplainthedifferentpartsthatconstituteASP.NETapplication.

Answer:

Content,programlogicandconfigurationfileconstituteanASP.NETapplication.

ContentfilesContentfilesincludestatictext,imagesandcanincludeelementsfromdatabase.

ProgramlogicProgramlogicfilesexistasDLLfileontheserverthatrespondstotheuseractions.

Configurationfile

Configurationfileoffersvarioussettingsthatdeterminehowtheapplicationrunsontheserver.

4.DescribethesequenceofactiontakesplaceontheserverwhenASP.NETapplicationstartsfirsttime

Answer:

Followingarethesequences:

IISstartsASP.NETworkerprocessworkerprocessloadsassemblyinthememoryIISsendstherequesttotheassemblytheassemblycomposesaresponseusingprogramlogicIISreturnstheresponsetotheuserintheformofHTML.

5.ExplainthecomponentsofwebforminASP.NET

Answer:

ServercontrolsTheservercontrolsareHypertextMarkupLanguage(HTML)elementsthatincludearunat=serverattribute.Theyprovideautomaticstatemanagementandserversideeventsandrespondtotheusereventsbyexecutingeventhandlerontheserver.

HTMLcontrolsThesecontrolsalsorespondtotheusereventsbuttheeventsprocessinghappenontheclientmachine.

DatacontrolsDatacontrolsallowtoconnecttothedatabase,executecommandandretrievedatafromdatabase.

SystemcomponentsSystemcomponentsprovideaccesstosystemleveleventsthatoccurontheserver.

6.Describeinbrief.NETFrameworkanditscomponents.

Answer:

.NETFrameworkprovidesplatformfordevelopingwindowsandwebsoftware.ASP.NETisapartof.NetframeworkandcanaccessallfeaturesimplementedwithinitthatwasformerlyavailableonlythroughwindowsAPI..NETFrameworksitsinbetweenourapplicationprogramsandoperatingsystem.

The.NetFrameworkhastwomaincomponents:

.NetFrameworkClassLibrary:Itprovidescommontypessuchasdatatypesandobjecttypesthatcanbesharedbyall.Netcompliantlanguage.

TheCommonlanguageRuntime:Itprovidesservicesliketypesafety,security,codeexecution,threadmanagement,interoperabilityservices.

7.WhatisanAssembly?Explainitsparts

Answer:

Anassemblyexistsasa.DLLor.EXEthatcontainsMSILcodethatisexecutedbyCLR.Anassemblycontainsinterfaceandclasses,itcanalsocontainotherresourceslikebitmaps,filesetc.ItcarriesversiondetailswhichareusedbytheCLRduringexecution.Twoassembliesofthesamenamebutwithdifferentversionscanrunsidebysideenablingapplicationsthatdependonaspecificversiontouseassemblyofthatversion.Anassemblyistheunitonwhichpermissionsaregranted.Itcanbeprivateorglobal.Aprivateassemblyisusedonlybytheapplicationtowhichitbelongs,buttheglobalassemblycanbeusedbyanyapplicationinthesystem.

Thefourpartsofanassemblyare:

AssemblyManifestItcontainsname,version,culture,andinformationaboutreferencedassemblies.

TypemetadataItcontainsinformationabouttypesdefinedintheassembly.

MSILMSILcode.

ResourcesFilessuchasBMPorJPGfileoranyotherfilesrequiredbyapplication.

8.DefineCommonTypeSystem.

Answer:

.Netallowsdeveloperstowriteprogramlogicinatleast25languages.Theclasseswritteninonelanguagecanbeusedbyotherlanguagesin.Net.Thisserviceof.NetispossiblethroughCTSwhichensuretherulesrelatedtodatatypesthatalllanguagemustfollow.Itprovidessetoftypesthatareusedbyall.NETlanguagesandensures.NETlanguagetypecompatibility.

9.DefineVirtualfolder.

Answer:

Itisthefolderthatcontainswebapplications.ThefolderthathasbeenpublishedasvirtualfolderbyIIScanonlycontainwebapplications.

10.DescribetheEventsintheLifeCycleofaWebApplication

Answer:

Awebapplicationstartswhenabrowserrequestsapageoftheapplicationfirsttime.TherequestisreceivedbytheIISwhichthenstartsASP.NETworkerprocess(aspnet_wp.exe).Theworkerprocessthenallocatesaprocessspacetotheassemblyandloadsit.Anapplication_starteventoccursfollowedbySession_start.TherequestisthenprocessedbytheASP.NETengineandsendsbackresponseintheformofHTML.Theuserreceivestheresponseintheformofpage.

Thepagecanbesubmittedtotheserverforfurtherprocessing.Thepagesubmittingtriggerspostbackeventthatcausesthebrowsertosendthepagedata,alsocalledasviewstatetotheserver.Whenserverreceivesviewstate,itcreatesnewinstanceofthewebform.ThedataisthenrestoredfromtheviewstatetothecontrolofthewebforminPage_Initevent.

ThedatainthecontrolisthenavailableinthePage_loadeventofthewebform.Thecachedeventisthenhandledandfinallytheeventthatcausedthepostbackisprocessed.Thewebformisthendestroyed.Whentheuserstopsusingtheapplication,Session_endeventoccursandsessionends.Thedefaultsessiontimeis20minutes.TheapplicationendswhennouseraccessingtheapplicationandthistriggersApplication_Endevent.FinallyalltheresourcesoftheapplicationarereclaimedbytheGarbagecollector.

11.WhatarethewaysofpreservingdataonaWebForminASP.NET?

Answer:

ASP.NEThasintroducedviewstatetopreservedatabetweenpostbackevents.Viewstatecan'tavaildatatootherwebforminanapplication.Toprovidedatatootherforms,youneedtosavedatainastatevariableintheapplicationorsessionobjects.

12.Defineapplicationstatevariableandsessionstatevariable.

Answer:

Theseobjectsprovidetwolevelsofscope:

ApplicationStateDatastoredintheapplicationobjectcanbesharedbyallthesessionsoftheapplication.Applicationobjectstoresdatainthekeyvaluepair.

SessionStateSessionStatestoressessionspecificinformationandtheinformationisvisiblewithinthesessiononly.ASP.NETcreatesuniquesessionIdforeachsessionoftheapplication.SessionIDsaremaintainedeitherbyanHTTPcookieoramodifiedURL,assetintheapplicationsconfigurationsettings.Bydefault,SessionIDvaluesarestoredinacookie.

13.DescribetheapplicationeventhandlersinASP.NET

Answer:

Followingaretheapplicationeventhandlers:

Application_Start:Thiseventoccurswhenthefirstuservisitsapageoftheapplication.Application_End:Thiseventoccurswhentherearenomoreusersoftheapplication.Application_BeginRequest:Thisoccursatthebeginningofeachrequesttotheserver.Application_EndRequest:occursattheendofeachrequesttotheserver.Session_Start:Thiseventoccurseverytimewhenanynewuservisits.Session_End:occurswhentheusersstoprequestingpagesandtheirsessiontimesout.

14.WhataretheWebFormEventsavailableinASP.NET?

Answer:

Page_InitPage_LoadPage_PreRenderPage_UnloadPage_DisposedPage_ErrorPage_AbortTransactionPage_CommitTransaction

Page_DataBinding

15.DescribetheServerControlEventsofASP.NET.

Answer:

ASP.NEToffersmanyservercontrolslikebutton,textbox,DropDownListetc.Eachcontrolcanrespondtotheuser'sactionsusingeventsandeventhandlermechanism.

Therearethreetypesofservercontrolevents:

PostbackeventsThiseventssendsthewebpagetotheserverforprocessing.Webpagesendsdatabacktothesamepageontheserver.

CachedeventsTheseeventsareprocessedwhenapostbackeventoccurs.

ValidationeventsTheseeventsoccurjustbeforeapageispostedbacktotheserver.

16.Howdoyouchangethesessiontimeoutvalue?

Answer:

Thesessiontimeoutvalueisspecifiedintheweb.configfilewithinsessionstateelement.Youcanchangethesessiontimeoutsettingbychangingvalueoftimeoutattributeofsessionstateelementinweb.configfile.

17.DescribehowASP.NETmaintainsprocessisolationforeachWebapplication

Answer:

InASP.NET,whenIISreceivesarequest,IISusesaspnet_isapi.dlltocalltheASP.NETworkerprocess(aspnet_wp.exe).TheASP.NETworkerprocessloadstheWebapplication'sassembly,allocatingoneprocessspace,calledtheapplicationdomain,foreachapplication.ThisisthehowASP.NETmaintainsprocessisolationforeachWebapplication.

18.Definenamespace.

Answer:

Namespacesarethewaytoorganizeprogrammingcode.Itremovesthechancesofnameconflict.Itisquitepossibletohaveonenameforanitemaccidentallyinlargeprojectsthoseresultsintoconflict.Byorganizingyourcodeintonamespaces,youreducethechanceoftheseconflicts.YoucancreatenamespacesbyenclosingaclassinaNamespace...EndNamespaceblock.

YoucanusenamespacesoutsideyourprojectbyreferringthemusingReferencesdialogbox.YoucanuseImportsorusingstatementtothecodefiletoaccessmembersofthenamespacesincode.

19.WhataretheoptionsinASP.NETtomaintainstate?

Answer:

ClientsidestatemanagementThismaintainsinformationontheclientsmachineusingCookies,ViewState,andQueryStrings.

CookiesAcookieisasmalltextfileontheclientmachineeitherintheclientsfilesystemormemoryofclientbrowsersession.Cookiesarenotgoodforsensitivedata.Moreover,Cookiescanbedisabledonthebrowser.Thus,youcantrelyoncookiesforstatemanagement.

ViewStateEachpageandeachcontrolonthepagehasViewStateproperty.Thispropertyallowsautomaticretentionofpageandcontrolsstatebetweeneachtriptoserver.Thismeanscontrolvalueismaintainedbetweenpagepostbacks.Viewstateisimplementedusing_VIEWSTATE,ahiddenformfieldwhichgetscreatedautomaticallyoneachpage.Youcanttransmitdatatootherpageusingviewstate.

QuerystringQuerystringscanmaintainlimitedstateinformation.DatacanbepassedfromonepagetoanotherwiththeURLbutyoucansendlimitedsizeofdatawiththeURL.Mostbrowsersallowalimitof255charactersonURLlength.

ServersidestatemanagementThiskindofmechanismretainsstateintheserver.

ApplicationState

Thedatastoredintheapplicationobjectcanbesharedbyallthesessionsoftheapplication.Applicationobjectstoresdatainthekeyvaluepair.

SessionStateSessionStatestoressessionspecificinformationandtheinformationisvisiblewithinthesessiononly.ASP.NETcreatesuniquesessionIdforeachsessionoftheapplication.SessionIDsaremaintainedeitherbyanHTTPcookieoramodifiedURL,assetintheapplicationsconfigurationsettings.Bydefault,SessionIDvaluesarestoredinacookie.

DatabaseDatabasecanbeusedtostorelargestateinformation.Databasesupportisusedincombinationwithcookiesorsessionstate.

20.ExplainthedifferencebetweenServercontrolandHTMLcontrol.

Answer:

ServereventsServercontroleventsarehandledintheserverwhereasHTMLcontroleventsarehandledinthepage.

StatemanagementServercontrolscanmaintaindataacrossrequestsusingviewstatewhereasHTMLcontrolshavenosuchmechanismtostoredatabetweenrequests.

BrowserdetectionServercontrolscandetectbrowserautomaticallyandadaptdisplayofcontrolaccordinglywhereasHTMLcontrolscantdetectbrowserautomatically.

PropertiesServercontrolscontainpropertieswhereasHTMLcontrolshaveattributesonly.

21.WhatarethevalidationcontrolsavailableinASP.NET?

Answer:

ASP.NETvalidationcontrolsare:

RequiredFieldValidator:Thisvalidatescontrolsifcontrolscontaindata.

CompareValidator:Thisallowscheckingifdataofonecontrolmatchwithothercontrol.

RangeValidator:Thisverifiesifentereddataisbetweentwovalues.

RegularExpressionValidator:Thischecksifentereddatamatchesaspecificformat.

CustomValidator:Validatethedataenteredusingaclientsidescriptoraserversidecode.

ValidationSummary:Thisallowsdevelopertodisplayerrorsinoneplace.

22.Definethestepstosetupvalidationcontrol.

Answer:

Followingarethestepstosetupvalidationcontrol

Dragavalidationcontrolonawebform.SettheControlToValidatepropertytothecontroltobevalidated.IfyouareusingCompareValidator,youhavetospecifytheControlToCompareproperty.SpecifytheerrormessageyouwanttodisplayusingErrorMessageproperty.YoucanuseValidationSummarycontroltoshowerrorsatoneplace.

23.WhatarethenavigationwaysbetweenpagesavailableinASP.NET?

Answer:

Waystonavigatebetweenpagesare:

HyperlinkcontrolResponse.RedirectmethodServer.TransfermethodServer.ExecutemethodWindow.Openscriptmethod

24.Howdoyouopenapageinanewwindow?

Answer:

Toopenapageinanewwindow,youhavetouseclientscriptusingonclick="window.open()"attributeofHTMLcontrol.

25.Defineauthenticationandauthorization.

Answer:

Authorization:Theprocessofgrantingaccessprivilegestoresourcesortaskswithinanapplication.

Authentication:Theprocessofvalidatingtheidentityofauser.

26.Definecaching.

Answer:

Cachingisthetechniqueofstoringfrequentlyuseditemsinmemorysothattheycanbeaccessedmorequickly.Cachingtechniqueallowstostore/cachepageoutputorapplicationdataontheclientontheserver.Thecachedinformationisusedtoservesubsequentrequeststhatavoidtheoverheadofrecreatingthesameinformation.Thisenhancesperformancewhensameinformationisrequestedmanytimesbytheuser.

27.Definecookie.

Answer:

Acookieisasmallfileontheclientcomputerthatawebapplicationusestomaintaincurrentsessioninformation.Cookiesareusedtoidentityauserinafuturesession.

28.Whatisdelegate?

Answer:

Adelegateactslikeastronglytypefunctionpointer.Delegatescaninvokethemethodsthattheyreferencewithoutmakingexplicitcallstothosemethods.Itistypesafesinceitholdsreferenceofonlythosemethodsthatmatchitssignature.Unlikeotherclasses,thedelegateclasshasasignature.Delegatesareusedtoimplementeventprogrammingmodelin.NETapplication.Delegatesenablethemethodsthatlistenforanevent,tobeabstract.

29.ExplainExceptionhandlingin.Net.

Answer:Exceptionsorerrorsareunusualoccurrencesthathappenwithinthelogicofanapplication.TheCLRhasprovidedstructuredwaytodealwithexceptionsusingTry/Catchblock.ASP.NETsupportssomefacilitiestohandlingexceptionsusingeventssuckasPage_ErrorandApplication_Error.

30.Whatisimpersonation?

Answer:

Impersonationmeansdelegatingoneuseridentitytoanotheruser.InASP.NET,theanonymoususersimpersonatetheASPNETuseraccountbydefault.Youcanuseelementofweb.configfiletoimpersonateuser.E.g.

31.Whatismanagedcodein.Net?

Answer:

Thecodethatrunsundertheguidanceofcommonlanguageruntime(CLR)iscalledmanagedcode.Theversioningandregistrationproblemwhichareformallyhandledbythewindowsprogrammingaresolvedin.Netwiththeintroductionofmanagedcode.ThemanagedcodecontainsalltheversioningandtypeinformationthattheCLRusetoruntheapplication.

32.WhatareMergemodules?

Answer:

Mergemodulesarethedeploymentprojectsforthesharedcomponents.Ifthecomponentsarealreadyinstalled,themodulesmergethechangesratherthanunnecessarilyoverwritethem.Whenthecomponentsarenolongerinuse,theyareremovedsafelyfromtheserverusingMergemodulesfacility.

33.WhatisSatelliteassembly?

Answer:

Satelliteassemblyisakindofassemblythatincludeslocalizedresourcesforanapplication.Eachsatelliteassemblycontainstheresourcesforoneculture.

34.Definesecuredsocketslayer.

Answer:

SecuredSocketLayer(SSL)ensuresasecuredwebapplicationbyencryptingthedatasentoverinternet.WhenanapplicationisusingSSLfacility,theservergeneratesanencryptionkeyforthesessionandpageisencryptedbeforeitsent.TheclientbrowseusesthisencryptionkeytodecrypttherequestedWebpage.

35.DefinesessioninASP.NET.

Answer:

Asessionstartswhenthebrowserfirstrequestaresourcesfromwithintheapplication.Thesessiongetsterminatedwheneitherbrowsercloseddownorsessiontimeouthasbeenattained.Thedefaulttimeoutforthesessionis20minutes.

36.DefineTracing.

Answer:

Tracingisthewaytomaintaineventsinanapplication.Itisusefulwhiletheapplicationisindebuggingorinthetestingphase.Thetraceclassinthecodeisusedtodiagnoseproblem.Youcanusetracemessagestoyourprojecttomonitoreventsinthereleasedversionoftheapplication.ThetraceclassisfoundintheSystem.Diagnosticsnamespace.ASP.NETintroducestracingthatenablesyoutowritedebugstatementsinyourcode,whichstillremaininthecodeevenafterwhenitisdeployedtoproductionservers.

37.DefineViewState.

Answer:

ASP.NETpreservesdatabetweenpostbackeventsusingviewstate.Youcansavealotofcodingusingviewstateinthewebform.ViewStateserializethestateofobjectsandstoreinahiddenfieldonthepage.Itretainsthestateofserversideobjectsbetweenpostbacks.Itrepresentsthestatusofthepagewhensubmittedtotheserver.Bydefault,viewstateismaintainedforeachpage.IfyoudonotwanttomaintaintheViewState,includethedirectiveatthetopofan.aspxpageoraddtheattributeEnableViewState="false"toanycontrol.ViewStateexistforthelifeofthecurrentpage.

38.Whatisapplicationdomain?

Answer:

ItistheprocessspacewithinwhichASP.NETapplicationruns.Everyapplicationhasitsownprocessspacewhichisolatesitfromotherapplication.Ifoneoftheapplicationdomainsthrowserroritdoesnotaffecttheotherapplicationdomains.

39.Listdownthesequenceofmethodscalledduringthepageload.

Answer:

Init()Initializesthepage.Load()Loadsthepageintheservermemory.PreRender()thebriefmomentbeforethepageisdisplayedtotheuserasHTMLUnload()runsjustafterpagefinishesloading.

40.WhatistheimportanceofGlobal.asaxinASP.NET?

Answer:

TheGlobal.asaxisusedtoimplementapplicationandsessionlevelevents.

41.DefineMSIL.

Answer:

MSIListheMicrosoftIntermediateLanguage.All.Netlanguages'executableexistsasMSILwhichgetsconvertedintomachinespecificlanguageusingJITcompilerjustbeforeexecution.

42.Response.RedirectvsServer.Transfer

Answer:

Server.Transferisonlyapplicableforaspxfiles.Ittransferspageprocessingtoanotherpagewithoutmakingroundtripbacktotheclient'sbrowser.Sincenoroundtrips,itoffersfasterresponseanddoesn'tupdateclienturlhistorylist.

Response.Redirectisusedtoredirecttoanotherpageorsite.Thisperformsatripbacktotheclientwheretheclientsbrowserisredirectedtothenewpage.

43.ExplainSessionstatemanagementoptionsinASP.NET.Answer:

ASP.NETprovidesInProcessandOutofProcessstatemanagement.InProcessstoresthesessioninmemoryonthewebserver.OutofProcessSessionstatemanagementstoresdatainanexternaldatasourcesuchasSQLServeroraStateServerservice.

OutofProcessstatemanagementrequiresthatallobjectsstoredinsessionareserializable.

44.Howtoturnoffcookiesforapage?

Answer:

Cookie.DiscardPropertywhentrue,instructstheclientapplicationnottosavetheCookieontheuser'sharddiskwhenasessionends.

45.Howcanyouensureapermanentcookie?

Answer:

SettingExpirespropertytoMinValueandrestrictcookietogetexpired.

46.WhatisAutoPostback?

Answer:

AutoPostBackautomaticallypoststhepagebacktotheserverwhenstateofthecontrolischanged.

47.Explainlogincontrolandformauthentication.

Answer:

LogincontrolsencapsulateallthefeaturesofferedbyFormsauthentication.LogincontrolsinternallyuseFormsAuthenticationclasstoimplementsecuritybypromptingforusercredentialsvalidatingthem.

48.WhatistheuseofWeb.configfile?

Answer:

Followingarethesettingyoucanincorporateinweb.configfile.

DatabaseconnectionsErrorPagesettingSessionStatesErrorHandling

SecurityTracesettingCulturespecificsetting

49.Explaininwhatorderadestructorsiscalled.

Answer:

Destructorsarecalledinreverseorderofconstructors.Destructorofmostderivedclassiscalledfollowedbyitsparent'sdestructorandsoontillthetopmostclassinthehierarchy.

50.Whatisbreakmode?Whataretheoptionstostepthroughcode?

Answer:

Breakmodeletsyoutoobservecodelinetolineinordertolocateerror.VS.NETprovidesfollowingoptiontostepthroughcode.

StepIntoStepOverStepOutRunToCursorSetNextStatement

51.ExplainhowtoretrievepropertysettingsfromXML.configfile.

Answer:

CreateaninstanceofAppSettingsReaderclass,useGetValuemethodbypassingthenameofthepropertyandthetypeexpected.Assigntheresulttotheappropriatevariable.

52.ExplainGlobalAssemblyCache.

Answer:

GlobalAssemblyCacheistheplaceholderforsharedassembly.IfanassemblyisinstalledtotheGlobalAssemblyCache,theassemblycanbeaccessedbymultipleapplications.InordertoinstallanassemblytotheGAC,theassemblymusthavetobesignedwithstrongname.

53.ExplainManagedcodeanUnmanagedcode.

Answer:

Managedcoderunsunderthesafesupervisionofcommonlanguageruntime.Managedcodecarriesmetadatathatisusedbycommonlanguageruntimetoofferservicelikememorymanagement,codeaccesssecurity,andcrosslanguageaccessibility.

Unmanagedcodedoesn'tfollowCLRconventionsandthus,can'ttaketheadvantagesof.Framework.

54.Whatissidebysideexecution?

Answer:

Thismeansmultipleversionofsameassemblytorunonthesamecomputer.Thisfeatureenablestodeploymultipleversionsofthecomponent.

55.DefineResourceFiles.

Answer:

Resourcefilescontainsnonexecutabledatalikestrings,imagesetcthatareusedbyanapplicationanddeployedalongwithit.Youcanchangesthesedatawithoutrecompilingthewholeapplication.

56.DefineGlobalizationandLocalization.

Answer:

Globalizationistheprocessofcreatingmultilingualapplicationbydefiningculturespecificfeatureslikecurrency,dateandtimeformat,calendarandotherissues.Localizationistheprocessofaccommodatingculturaldifferencesinanapplication.

57.Whatisreflection?Answer:

Reflectionisamechanismthroughwhichtypesdefinedinthemetadataofeachmodulecanbeaccessed.TheSystem.Reflectionnamespacescontainsclassesthatcanbeusedtodefinethetypesforanassembly.

58.DefineSatelliteAssemblies.

Answer:

SatelliteAssembliesarethespecialkindsofassembliesthatexistasDLLandcontainculturespecificresourcesinabinaryformat.Theystorecompiledlocalizedapplicationresources.TheycanbecreatedusingtheALutilityandcanbedeployedevenafterdeploymentoftheapplication.SatelliteAssembliesencapsulateresourcesintobinaryformatandthusmakesresourceslighterandconsumelesserspaceonthedisk.

59.WhatisCAS?

Answer:

CASisveryimportantpartof.Netsecuritysystemwhichverifiesifparticularpieceofcodeisallowedtorun.Italsodeterminesifpieceofcodehaveaccessrightstorunparticularresource..NETsecuritysystemappliesthesefeaturesusingcodegroupsandpermissions.Eachassemblyofanapplicationisthepartofcodegroupwithassociatedpermissions.

60.ExplainAutomaticMemoryManagementin.NET.

Answer:

Automaticmemorymanagementin.Netisthroughgarbagecollectorwhichisincrediblyefficientinreleasingresourceswhennolongerinuse.